Jerald Hage

... Professionalizing the organization: Reducing bureaucracy to enhance effectiveness. Post a Comment. CONTRIBUTORS: ... SUBJECT(S): Organizational sociology; Organizational effectiveness; Professional employees; Bureaucracy. DISCIPLINE: No discipline assigned. ...

... and the Innovative Enterprises of GF Swift and Dell Computer Martin Kenney and Bruce Kogut, eds., Locating Global Advantage: Industry Dynamics in the International Economy David C. Mowery, Richard P. Nelson, Bhaven N. Sampat, and Arvids A. Siedonis, Ivory Tower and ...

Since nation-states are complex, they require special methodological rules for sampling. The suggestion is made that societies should be selected on the basis of their score on some independent variable and studied over long time periods so as to maximize information gain and to minimize cost. Then the choice of societies to represent alternative explanations and finally to represent particular kinds of control should be made. The problem of identifying the appropriate frequency of measurement is discussed via a number of general classes of sociological and political variables. If these rules of purposive sampling are followed, one approximates an experiment that will build on present theoretical knowledge.

The organizational variables of complexity, centralization, formalization, stratification, adaptiveness, production, efficiency, and job satisfaction are defined. These variables are interrelated in seven basic propositions as suggested by the theoretical writings of Weber, Barnard, and Thompson. Then the seven propositions are used to derive twentyone corollaries and to define two ideal types of organizational systems. A limits proposition is suggested. The axiomatic theory, consisting of twenty-nine hypotheses, is tested against a number of research studies and receives considerable support. It appears useful in analyzing a number of organizational problems, including organizational change, centralization versus decentralization, and morale. The author is an assistant professor in the Department of Sociology at the University of Wisconsin.

This chapter describes a multi-level framework for the evaluation of research within a system of innovation, recognizing differences due to the scope and radicalness of research projects. Based on theories about the innovation process, a set of indicators is proposed that can guide investments in research and identify bottlenecks for policy makers to address.

Since nation-states are complex, they require special methodological rules for sampling. The suggestion is made that societies should be selected on the basis of their score on some independent variable and studied over long time periods so as to maximize information gain and to minimize cost. Then the choice of societies to represent alternative explanations and finally to represent particular kinds of control should be made. The problem of identifying the appropriate frequency of measurement is discussed via a number of general classes of sociological and political variables. If these rules of purposive sampling are followed, one approximates an experiment that will build on present theoretical knowledge.

Abstract 1. This important collection of original papers offers a broad-based survey of trends and issues challenging business organizations. The authors draw on industrial and organizational psychology, management and organization theory, and from their own ...

... Social change in complex organizations. Post a Comment. CONTRIBUTORS: Author: Hage, Jerald (b. 1932, d. ----. Author: Aiken, Michael T. (b. 1932, d. ----. PUBLISHER: Random House (New York). SERIES TITLE: YEAR: 1970. PUB TYPE: Book. VOLUME/EDITION: ...

... Communication and organizational control: cybernetics in health and welfare settings. Post a Comment. ... SUBJECT(S): Organizational sociology; Communication in the social sciences; Hospitals; Communication; Cybernetics; Hospital administration; Research; Administration. ...

Nation Building and School Expansion under the Fragile French State * BRUCE FULLER, Harvard University JERALD HAGE, University of Maryland MAURICE A. GARNIER, Indiana University MAX B. SAWICKY, University of Maryland Abstract How efficacious ar.

The major assumption of this study is that schizophrenia, irrespective of its etiology, has disabling effects which are manifested in patterns of interaction. It will be shown that differential length of hospitalization can be predicted on the basis of the form and content of interaction in adolescent peer relationships. While this is an exploratory study, the findings suggest that the approach is a fruitful one and may be of further value in assessing the treatment needs of patients. The first section of this paper discusses the rationale for using patterns of peer interaction as prognostic indicators. The second section discusses the sample used in the study and the measuring procedures. The findings are reported in the third section, and the theoretical and practical implications of this approach are discussed in the final section. The adolescent period was chosen for study because it is both a crucial learning period and a testing ground for appropriate behavior in adult roles. Peer relationships were specifically chosen because they are effective relationships of primary importance in learning of the expressive demands of adult roles, i.e., those usually found in the intimate and informal faceto-face contact of family, friendship, work team, and casual relationships. In Parsons’ (15) categories of orientation, these demands are affectivity, diffuseness and particularism. Individuals suffering from

Innovation and Institutions is an extensive elaboration on the make up of systems of innovation. It examines why some countries are more innovative than others, why national styles of innovation differ, and goes on to explore why some countries make radical innovations but fail to successfully market them, whilst others making incremental innovations have more commercial success.

Atlanta Conference on Science and Innovation Policy 2009This presentation was part of the session : Methods, Measures, and DataAs part of the continued efforts of the Center for Innovation to develop new evaluation strategies, we developed a new framework and proposed this in an invited white paper for a major assessment called for by the Canadian Academy of Health Sciences. What makes this framework new is that is focuses on the treatment sector because this is where the greatest variations in both research investments and potential returns are concentrated. By focusing on the treatment process, a very fine-grained evaluation is possible, which then can be aggregated to the macro level, the level of policy makers. But since it starts with the treatment process, it can pinpoint where either too much money in research has been invested or not enough. This is a very important question for policy-makers. One critical component of this framework is that it provides precise definitions of what is the treatment process as distinct from the research process, the differences in where treatments are provided and where research is conducted, and the distinctions between the micro, meso, and macro levels of evaluation. These definitions are important because of the mismatch among them. The specific metrics of the framework are: 1. Metrics of health care impact by stage in the treatment process; 2. Metrics of research investment by arenas within the production of medical knowledge within the specific treatment sector; 3. Metrics of contributions to scientific knowledge; 4. Metrics of network gaps in the production of innovative treatment protocols; 5. Metrics of economic and social benefits of medical research. The key starting point is the treatment process, which is defined by the differences in the nature of the illness, injury or health care problem that is being treated. The metrics for this are groups according to the four stages: prevention, intake and assessment, treatment, and post-treatment including long term care. Carefully specifying the stages in the treatment process associated with a particular morbidity allows for a fine-grained set of health care impact metrics or indicators. One could make additional distinctions within these four stages. For example, one might want to distinguish between diagnosis and prognosis. In addition to the four stages of the treatment process, we have added a category, knowledge about the health care problem, because a major part of biomedical and population research focuses on the development of understanding about the health care problem that eventually can lead to either prevention or treatment. Two to three indicators are suggested for each stage. The problem of actual vs. potential benefits--an issue that plagues many evaluations--is also discussed. To place the evaluation in its proper context, the kinds of investments made in medical research, both human and capital, are classified according to the specific stages of the treatment process. This highlights gaps. Another set of measures deals with detecting gaps in the idea innovation network (Hage and Hollingsworth, 2000) associated with a specific treatment sector. This is particularly important given the presence of a valley of death between medical research and the development of industrial innovations perceived to exist, again illustrating the advantages of selecting the sector level in the health care delivery system. A special section on metrics for knowledge contributions is suggested as well, given the importance of this for most academics. In this, a special emphasis is placed on the international impact of these contributions. Metrics for economic benefits flow naturally from the specific indicators for each stages of the treatment process. Examples include value of illness days saved from decline in morbidity incidence, reduction in the costs of tests for diagnosis, reduction in the patient's costs of waiting, value of days saved in hospitalization, value of days saved in rehabilitation and after care, etc. Surprisingly, focusing on the stages in the treatment process, which would seem to involve more work, simplifies the task of specifying the specific benefits of a particular kind of research finding. Finally a number of societal benefits are indicated as well including such things as increased equality in health care and duration of life by class and gender

During the 1970s and 1980s the trade-offs between unemployment and inflation-the Phillips Curve-have appeared to have shifted to the right.c5,“) Although there is some evidence that the high rates of inflation and of unemployment, what was labeled as stagflation, have subsided somewhat, current evidence indicates that the trade-off is now higher than it was in the 1960s.’ The objective of this paper is to suggest a number of organizational, market and societal pressures that encourage both firms and customers to break the connection between inflation and unemployment, exerting pressure on the curve so that it moves to the right. Recently, Etzioni(‘s) has published a book that argues that in socioeconomics there is both the pursuit of economic gain and of moral commitment, both at an individual level and a collective level. This paper attempts to contribute to this debate about the assumptions of socio-economics in two ways. First, by arguing that there is a new rationality appropriate for postindustrial society and second, by suggesting that with a given set of structural conditions, the commitments between managers and workers and between customer and producer are quite different from what they have been during the first and second stages of industrial capitalism. In practice, it may be difficult to separate enlightened self-interest from new moral