El trabajo realizado en el marco de esta tesis se centra en una aproximacion integral a las inter... more El trabajo realizado en el marco de esta tesis se centra en una aproximacion integral a las interacciones entre las sociedades prehistoricas y la vegetacion lenosa en el valle del Ebro (NE Espana), asumiendo las oportunidades y limitaciones que presenta la antracologia, disciplina arqueobotanica que utilizamos como vehiculo para esta aproximacion, tanto en su vertiente paleoecologica como paleoeconomica. Los materiales arqueobotanicos estudiados proceden de 15 yacimientos arqueologicos que contienen secuencias mas o menos amplias, registrando visitas humanas entre el Magdaleniense y el Neolitico. Estos se concentran en areas de baja y media montana de los rebordes montanosos del sector central de la depresion del Ebro, un area biogeografica marcada en la actualidad por los grandes contrastes topograficos de su compleja orografia y la continentalidad y la aridez del clima. El estudio taxonomico y de las alteraciones de la anatomia de la madera nos ha permitido aproximarnos a las paut...
espanolSe presentan los resultados definitivos del estudio antracologico del yacimiento de Forcas... more espanolSe presentan los resultados definitivos del estudio antracologico del yacimiento de Forcas II (Graus, Huesca). La secuencia se compone de diferentes momentos de ocupacion comprendidos entre el 8700 y 6700 BP. Las condiciones climaticas favorables del Optimo Climatico holoceno dan lugar a espacios forestados que son aprovechados por los grupos mesoliticos y neoliticos para la recoleccion de combustible lenoso con caracter oportunista. La madera de pino de tipo albar/laricio es la lena mas consumida a lo largo de toda la secuencia aunque los robles, probablemente quejigos, van ganando importancia paulatinamente. Los resultados obtenidos revelan un entorno vegetal de caracter forestal muy diferente de la actualidad con escasa influencia mediterranea en el entorno inmediato del yacimiento en el que la influencia antropica comienza a ser visible a partir del Neolitico. EnglishThis paper present the final results of wood charcoal analysis of the archaeological site of Forcas II (Gr...
We have reproduced the most complete Gravettian aerophone recovered at the site of Isturitz (Sain... more We have reproduced the most complete Gravettian aerophone recovered at the site of Isturitz (Saint Martin d’Arberoue, France) in order to evaluate its musical performance and check their manufacturing process with the alterations recorded in the lithic tools used. Reproducimos el más completo aerófono gravetiense recuperado en el yacimiento de Isturitz (Saint Martín d’Arberoue, Francia) para comprobar su rendimiento musical y comprobar su proceso de fabricación junto con las alteraciones registradas en los útiles líticos empleados.
espanolUn equipo transdisciplinar formado por especialistas de diferentes campos afronta la conti... more espanolUn equipo transdisciplinar formado por especialistas de diferentes campos afronta la continuidad de una investigacion sobre las operaciones de reduccion y fundicion en el modelo tecnologico de vasija de reduccion. En la fase experiencial, de la que presentamos nuevas series analiticas, hemos adquirido un conjunto de habilidades y destrezas para realizar el proceso tecnico con los requerimientos minimos. Las perspectivas actuales se centran en la asociacion de estigmas presentes en el material con el uso de diferentes elementos y gestos tecnicos a traves de la comparacion del registro experimental con el registro arqueologico. EnglishA transdisciplinary team formed by specialists from different fields has in order to continue researching the smelting and melting operations with crucible-furnace technology. In the experiential phase, we learn the new analytical series, we have acquired a set of skills and abilities to perform the technical process with the minimum requirements....
El conjunt d'aquestes excavacions i estudis s'ha desenvolupat en el marc dels projectes: ... more El conjunt d'aquestes excavacions i estudis s'ha desenvolupat en el marc dels projectes: "La Draga en el proces de neolititzacio del nordest peninsular" (referencia 2014/100822); "Ocupaciones lacustres y gestion de recursos en las primeras sociedades agricolas y ganaderas del NE peninsular: Tecnologia de las producciones materiales y usos instrumentales" (HAR2009-13494-C02-01); "Estrategias agroforestales y ganaderas" (HAR2009-13494-C02-02); "Domesticacion animal y practicas ganaderas en el occidente Mediterraneo (9300 a 2500 cal BC)' (HAR2011-25826); "Organizacion social de las primeras comunidades agricola-ganaderas a partir del espacio domestico: elementos estructurales y areas de produccion y consumo de bienes" (HAR2012-38838-C02-01); "Arquitectura en madera y areas de procesado y consumo de alimentos" (HAR2012-38838-C02-02); "Simulacion computacional de fenomenos historicos de cambio social y tecnologico du...
La conquête de la montagne : des premières occupations humaines à l’anthropisation du milieu, 2019
In this article, we present the Mesolithic and Neolithic sequences of El Esplugón shelter (Billob... more In this article, we present the Mesolithic and Neolithic sequences of El Esplugón shelter (Billobas-Sabiñánigo, Huesca), as well as the main results of the various studies carried out after several archaeological fieldwork seasons in recent years: anthracology, lithic typology, use-wear analysis, pottery, fauna and art. This site, with good preservation, offers new data on the occupation in the Spanish Pre-Pyrenees, highlighting the geostrategic position of the Guarga river corridor. The rich archaeological sequence indicates a repeated occupation between the middle of the 8th millennium cal BC and the beginning of the 5th millennium cal BC, from the Microlaminar Mesolithic till the Early Neolithic. In short, it is one of the best reference settlements for this chrono-cultural framework in the analysis of Neolithic processes in the Ebro basin.
espanolEn este trabajo se presenta una nueva fecha radiocarbonica del yacimiento de Alonso Norte ... more espanolEn este trabajo se presenta una nueva fecha radiocarbonica del yacimiento de Alonso Norte (Alcaniz, Teruel). El resultado obtenido es mucho mas coherente con el conjunto de materiales recuperados que la unica datacion disponible hasta el momento, realizada poco despues de la excavacion en 1984. Ademas, se ha realizado un nuevo analisis sobre la ceramica decorada a partir del numero minimo de recipientes. Todo ello nos permite presentar una revision de los datos ofrecidos por el yacimiento e insertarlos en una vision actualizada de la neolitizacion en el Valle del Ebro en general y del Bajo Aragon en particular. EnglishIn this work we present a new radiocarbon date from Alonso Norte (Alcaniz, Teruel) archaeological deposit. The obtained result is more consistent with the archaeological assemblage recovered than the only radiocarbon date available so far, which was obtained little time after the excavation in 1984. In addition, a new analysis of decorated pottery based in the m...
In many societies, livelihood strategies are based on a combination of economic strategies, inclu... more In many societies, livelihood strategies are based on a combination of economic strategies, including natural resources such as trees for wood, leaves, and fruits. Archeological wood charcoals are residues of human activity related to fire. They provide evidence of fuelwood and, in some contexts, timber, handcraft activities, and fruit production. They represent a detailed record of the way ancient woodlands were exploited. However, charcoal analyses are often confined to the study of taxa and their relative frequency, and socio-economic interpretations are thus limited. In the last two decades, dendro-anthracological studies have been developed. Tree-ring widths, radius of curvature, and carbon isotope contents are increasingly used as indicators of wood gathering practices, woodland management and climate. Nevertheless, in the absence of standards, measurement procedures and data processing are very diverse. The challenge for archeological charcoal analyses is thus to improve analytical tools, especially on dendro-anthracological and isotopic aspects, in order to improve the interpretation of archeological assemblages and advance the discipline. As an example, we present a new approach for taxa growing in Western Europe combining (i) different dendro-anthracological parameters, (ii) an anthraco-typological approach based on modern-day wood stands, (iii) identification of anatomical signatures revealing particular forestry practices, and (iv) stable carbon isotopes. This opens the discussion on methodological perspectives and the associated scientific questions focusing on woodland exploitation and climate, and on the interest of a systemic approach for the analysis of charcoal in archeological contexts.
The Grotte du Placard at 150: New Considerations on an Exceptional Prehistoric Site
Among the supposed functionalities of certain bird bones, with transformations that enable them ... more Among the supposed functionalities of certain bird bones, with transformations that enable them to produce sounds, appeared at Upper Paleolithic archeological context in Europe, the function as a hunting call has been mentioned. This hypothesis was suggested early on and then reinforced by the study of J. Allain (1950) about a bone tube decorated with ten deer ears’ from the Grand Abri de La Garenne. Allain established a relationship between the hearing sense of that animal and the function of the artifact. He also noted that this tube kept a very obvious formal analogy with two others, one of them recovered in the site of Le Placard. In this work, we have tried to verify this hypothesis with experimental archeology, evaluating the organological capacities of the tube of Le Placard (organologically complete) and assessing how the use as a hunting call would have been possible. The experimentation carried out with a replica of the original (except in its decoration) suggests that this functionality is certainly possible, although the last phase of the experiment, its test in vivo, has not yet been developed. It has been proven that the Le Placard tube has the ability to modify and amplify a sound by the application of a material on its wider end which acts as a membrane, which technically converts it into an eunuch flute.
El trabajo realizado en el marco de esta tesis se centra en una aproximacion integral a las inter... more El trabajo realizado en el marco de esta tesis se centra en una aproximacion integral a las interacciones entre las sociedades prehistoricas y la vegetacion lenosa en el valle del Ebro (NE Espana), asumiendo las oportunidades y limitaciones que presenta la antracologia, disciplina arqueobotanica que utilizamos como vehiculo para esta aproximacion, tanto en su vertiente paleoecologica como paleoeconomica. Los materiales arqueobotanicos estudiados proceden de 15 yacimientos arqueologicos que contienen secuencias mas o menos amplias, registrando visitas humanas entre el Magdaleniense y el Neolitico. Estos se concentran en areas de baja y media montana de los rebordes montanosos del sector central de la depresion del Ebro, un area biogeografica marcada en la actualidad por los grandes contrastes topograficos de su compleja orografia y la continentalidad y la aridez del clima. El estudio taxonomico y de las alteraciones de la anatomia de la madera nos ha permitido aproximarnos a las paut...
espanolSe presentan los resultados definitivos del estudio antracologico del yacimiento de Forcas... more espanolSe presentan los resultados definitivos del estudio antracologico del yacimiento de Forcas II (Graus, Huesca). La secuencia se compone de diferentes momentos de ocupacion comprendidos entre el 8700 y 6700 BP. Las condiciones climaticas favorables del Optimo Climatico holoceno dan lugar a espacios forestados que son aprovechados por los grupos mesoliticos y neoliticos para la recoleccion de combustible lenoso con caracter oportunista. La madera de pino de tipo albar/laricio es la lena mas consumida a lo largo de toda la secuencia aunque los robles, probablemente quejigos, van ganando importancia paulatinamente. Los resultados obtenidos revelan un entorno vegetal de caracter forestal muy diferente de la actualidad con escasa influencia mediterranea en el entorno inmediato del yacimiento en el que la influencia antropica comienza a ser visible a partir del Neolitico. EnglishThis paper present the final results of wood charcoal analysis of the archaeological site of Forcas II (Gr...
We have reproduced the most complete Gravettian aerophone recovered at the site of Isturitz (Sain... more We have reproduced the most complete Gravettian aerophone recovered at the site of Isturitz (Saint Martin d’Arberoue, France) in order to evaluate its musical performance and check their manufacturing process with the alterations recorded in the lithic tools used. Reproducimos el más completo aerófono gravetiense recuperado en el yacimiento de Isturitz (Saint Martín d’Arberoue, Francia) para comprobar su rendimiento musical y comprobar su proceso de fabricación junto con las alteraciones registradas en los útiles líticos empleados.
espanolUn equipo transdisciplinar formado por especialistas de diferentes campos afronta la conti... more espanolUn equipo transdisciplinar formado por especialistas de diferentes campos afronta la continuidad de una investigacion sobre las operaciones de reduccion y fundicion en el modelo tecnologico de vasija de reduccion. En la fase experiencial, de la que presentamos nuevas series analiticas, hemos adquirido un conjunto de habilidades y destrezas para realizar el proceso tecnico con los requerimientos minimos. Las perspectivas actuales se centran en la asociacion de estigmas presentes en el material con el uso de diferentes elementos y gestos tecnicos a traves de la comparacion del registro experimental con el registro arqueologico. EnglishA transdisciplinary team formed by specialists from different fields has in order to continue researching the smelting and melting operations with crucible-furnace technology. In the experiential phase, we learn the new analytical series, we have acquired a set of skills and abilities to perform the technical process with the minimum requirements....
El conjunt d'aquestes excavacions i estudis s'ha desenvolupat en el marc dels projectes: ... more El conjunt d'aquestes excavacions i estudis s'ha desenvolupat en el marc dels projectes: "La Draga en el proces de neolititzacio del nordest peninsular" (referencia 2014/100822); "Ocupaciones lacustres y gestion de recursos en las primeras sociedades agricolas y ganaderas del NE peninsular: Tecnologia de las producciones materiales y usos instrumentales" (HAR2009-13494-C02-01); "Estrategias agroforestales y ganaderas" (HAR2009-13494-C02-02); "Domesticacion animal y practicas ganaderas en el occidente Mediterraneo (9300 a 2500 cal BC)' (HAR2011-25826); "Organizacion social de las primeras comunidades agricola-ganaderas a partir del espacio domestico: elementos estructurales y areas de produccion y consumo de bienes" (HAR2012-38838-C02-01); "Arquitectura en madera y areas de procesado y consumo de alimentos" (HAR2012-38838-C02-02); "Simulacion computacional de fenomenos historicos de cambio social y tecnologico du...
La conquête de la montagne : des premières occupations humaines à l’anthropisation du milieu, 2019
In this article, we present the Mesolithic and Neolithic sequences of El Esplugón shelter (Billob... more In this article, we present the Mesolithic and Neolithic sequences of El Esplugón shelter (Billobas-Sabiñánigo, Huesca), as well as the main results of the various studies carried out after several archaeological fieldwork seasons in recent years: anthracology, lithic typology, use-wear analysis, pottery, fauna and art. This site, with good preservation, offers new data on the occupation in the Spanish Pre-Pyrenees, highlighting the geostrategic position of the Guarga river corridor. The rich archaeological sequence indicates a repeated occupation between the middle of the 8th millennium cal BC and the beginning of the 5th millennium cal BC, from the Microlaminar Mesolithic till the Early Neolithic. In short, it is one of the best reference settlements for this chrono-cultural framework in the analysis of Neolithic processes in the Ebro basin.
espanolEn este trabajo se presenta una nueva fecha radiocarbonica del yacimiento de Alonso Norte ... more espanolEn este trabajo se presenta una nueva fecha radiocarbonica del yacimiento de Alonso Norte (Alcaniz, Teruel). El resultado obtenido es mucho mas coherente con el conjunto de materiales recuperados que la unica datacion disponible hasta el momento, realizada poco despues de la excavacion en 1984. Ademas, se ha realizado un nuevo analisis sobre la ceramica decorada a partir del numero minimo de recipientes. Todo ello nos permite presentar una revision de los datos ofrecidos por el yacimiento e insertarlos en una vision actualizada de la neolitizacion en el Valle del Ebro en general y del Bajo Aragon en particular. EnglishIn this work we present a new radiocarbon date from Alonso Norte (Alcaniz, Teruel) archaeological deposit. The obtained result is more consistent with the archaeological assemblage recovered than the only radiocarbon date available so far, which was obtained little time after the excavation in 1984. In addition, a new analysis of decorated pottery based in the m...
In many societies, livelihood strategies are based on a combination of economic strategies, inclu... more In many societies, livelihood strategies are based on a combination of economic strategies, including natural resources such as trees for wood, leaves, and fruits. Archeological wood charcoals are residues of human activity related to fire. They provide evidence of fuelwood and, in some contexts, timber, handcraft activities, and fruit production. They represent a detailed record of the way ancient woodlands were exploited. However, charcoal analyses are often confined to the study of taxa and their relative frequency, and socio-economic interpretations are thus limited. In the last two decades, dendro-anthracological studies have been developed. Tree-ring widths, radius of curvature, and carbon isotope contents are increasingly used as indicators of wood gathering practices, woodland management and climate. Nevertheless, in the absence of standards, measurement procedures and data processing are very diverse. The challenge for archeological charcoal analyses is thus to improve analytical tools, especially on dendro-anthracological and isotopic aspects, in order to improve the interpretation of archeological assemblages and advance the discipline. As an example, we present a new approach for taxa growing in Western Europe combining (i) different dendro-anthracological parameters, (ii) an anthraco-typological approach based on modern-day wood stands, (iii) identification of anatomical signatures revealing particular forestry practices, and (iv) stable carbon isotopes. This opens the discussion on methodological perspectives and the associated scientific questions focusing on woodland exploitation and climate, and on the interest of a systemic approach for the analysis of charcoal in archeological contexts.
The Grotte du Placard at 150: New Considerations on an Exceptional Prehistoric Site
Among the supposed functionalities of certain bird bones, with transformations that enable them ... more Among the supposed functionalities of certain bird bones, with transformations that enable them to produce sounds, appeared at Upper Paleolithic archeological context in Europe, the function as a hunting call has been mentioned. This hypothesis was suggested early on and then reinforced by the study of J. Allain (1950) about a bone tube decorated with ten deer ears’ from the Grand Abri de La Garenne. Allain established a relationship between the hearing sense of that animal and the function of the artifact. He also noted that this tube kept a very obvious formal analogy with two others, one of them recovered in the site of Le Placard. In this work, we have tried to verify this hypothesis with experimental archeology, evaluating the organological capacities of the tube of Le Placard (organologically complete) and assessing how the use as a hunting call would have been possible. The experimentation carried out with a replica of the original (except in its decoration) suggests that this functionality is certainly possible, although the last phase of the experiment, its test in vivo, has not yet been developed. It has been proven that the Le Placard tube has the ability to modify and amplify a sound by the application of a material on its wider end which acts as a membrane, which technically converts it into an eunuch flute.
Either for food or as a raw material, plants were probably the most important resource for past h... more Either for food or as a raw material, plants were probably the most important resource for past hunter-gatherer communities in the temperate regions of the globe. Therefore, the investigation of human-plant relationships is necessary in order to understand the economic and social organization of past societies. The management of this resource and the applied processing techniques can be carried out in a variety of ways and scales, which have important social and economic implications. Whilst plant macroremains are generally better-preserved in anaerobic deposits, notably waterlogged/submerged localities, a suite of techniques now enables us to identify otherwise invisible remains. All together, molecular and isotopic techniques , analysis of phytolith, use-wear analysis of tools and archaeobotany, allow us to investigate the past use of plants, including nuts, berries and seeds, wood, underground storage organs (USOs), as well as fungi. It would be interesting to compare what different remains show about the use of plants and assess how these methodologies complement each other. Under this framework, several approaches might be relevant, from archaeobotany to eth-nobotany, including experimental work. Methodological papers dealing with the recovery of wild plant remains or their interpretation are equally suitable for the session. It is likewise of interest to discuss the use of plants in different types of environments and to try to identify and define patterns and the relevant socioeconomic and environmental variables affecting them.
El paisaje es un elemento fundamental en el cine de ficción prehistórica. Hace un millón de años ... more El paisaje es un elemento fundamental en el cine de ficción prehistórica. Hace un millón de años es una película paradigmática para comprender el abismo existente entre la ciencia prehistórica y el imaginario colectivo.
Ce recueil présente le programme des 12e Rencontres nationales d’Archéobotanique (Perpignan, 7-10... more Ce recueil présente le programme des 12e Rencontres nationales d’Archéobotanique (Perpignan, 7-10 juin 2017). Il s’articule autour de 4 thématiques. La première, à visée méthodologique, présente les dernières avancées de la recherche en matière de protocoles d’études et les nouvelles problématiques abordables grâce à leur développement. La deuxième porte sur l’exploitation des ressources végétales par les sociétés agro-pastorales durant la Préhistoire récente (Mésolithique-Néolithique). La troisième vise à étudier les pratiques alimentaires et, plus généralement, l’économie végétale, de la fin de la Protohistoire au bas Moyen Âge. Enfin, la quatrième porte spécifiquement sur des études réalisées en contextes urbains, et vise à mettre en évidence les pratiques et ressources propres à ces secteurs.Ces nombreuses contributions témoignent du dynamisme actuel connu par l’archéobotanique et de son rôle de premier plan pour documenter l’alimentation, les pratiques agropastorales et l’économie végétale des sociétés anciennes.
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