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The article presents the theological ideas and mystical–religious teachings of the Greek-Byzantine Church Fathers, which, at the same time, are philosophical because Byzantine theologians also reflected on human and their life, on the... more
The article presents the theological ideas and mystical–religious teachings of the Greek-Byzantine Church Fathers, which, at the same time, are philosophical because Byzantine theologians also reflected on human and their life, on the relationship between man and God, on the possibilities of God-cognition and obtaining higher sacred knowledge. Based on the analysis of the anthropological and epistemological ideas of the Greek Church Fathers, we highlight that philosophizing was always at the heart of Byzantine theology. Therefore, the Byzantine tradition of the Church Fathers is considered a unique type of philosophy of religion, which originated in the historical formation of the Christian faith in the era of the Triadic and Christological theological debates of the 4th to 7th centuries. This article reflects the teachings of three of the brightest thinkers-theologians of Byzantium—John Climacus, Maximus the Confessor, and Symeon the New Theologian. Their teachings are the foundati...
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Raises the problem of ethics in interpersonal relations on the Internet. The ontological difference between digital cyberspace from the real world is emphasized and the corresponding conceptual constructions of modern thinkers are... more
Raises the problem of ethics in interpersonal relations on the Internet. The ontological difference between digital cyberspace from the real world is emphasized and the corresponding conceptual constructions of modern thinkers are derived. Relevant questions of modern philosophy are substantiated - whether there are some specific ethical relations in cyberspace, which arise directly on the Internet, how they are possible, and how they can be regulated. As a theoretical and methodological basis for answering these questions, presents Levinas’ ideas regarding ethical thinking and the principles of “real” meetings on the Internet: for-the-other , face-to-face , and existent-beyond-Being . In this context, Levinas’ conception of interpersonal and ethical relations in digital reality and the role of the Other in these relations are examined. The idea of the Other as a subject being outside, but for whom the user of the Internet is responsible, is disclosed. This type of responsibility, a...
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The article traces the formation of Eastern Christian anthropology as a new religious and philosophical tradition within the Early Byzantine culture. The notion “Patristics” is reasoned as a corpus of ideas of the Church Fathers, both... more
The article traces the formation of Eastern Christian anthropology as a new religious and philosophical tradition within the Early Byzantine culture. The notion “Patristics” is reasoned as a corpus of ideas of the Church Fathers, both Eastern and Western. The term “Eastern Patristics” means the works by Greek-Byzantine Church Fathers, who in the theological disputes with the Western Church Fathers elaborated the Christian creed. Based on an analysis of the texts of Greek-Byzantine Church Fathers, the most important provisions of Eastern Patristics are deduced and discussed, which determined the specificity of Christian anthropology. In this context, different approaches of the Eastern Fathers to the explanation of the Old Testament thesis on the creation of man in God’s image and likeness and the justification of the duality of human essence are shown. Particular attention is paid to considering the idea of deification as overcoming the human dualism and the entire created universe,...
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The article takes ethnic tourism under consideration stressing its significance for establishing and facilitating a peaceful dialogue of cultures and religions in the contemporary world. The researcher presents ethnic tourism through the... more
The article takes ethnic tourism under consideration stressing its significance for establishing and facilitating a peaceful dialogue of cultures and religions in the contemporary world. The researcher presents ethnic tourism through the cognition of the other, i.e., of other ethnic cultures and religions, towards a knowing person. The author underlines the idea of the value relevance of ethnic cultures and religions, explicitly revealing the meaningfulness of philosophical and theological points for the organization of ethnic tourism. The paper also suggests some specific tours having ethnic and religious nature and connecting with the historical legacy of Byzantium, Middle Ages Arabic East, and modern days Russian Altay Mountains.
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The article is dedicated to considering ethnic tourism in its importance to comprehend modern cultures that are Others to the traveler's experience. In this regard, ethnic tourism is presented from the Other's cognition, i.e., the... more
The article is dedicated to considering ethnic tourism in its importance to comprehend modern cultures that are Others to the traveler's experience. In this regard, ethnic tourism is presented from the Other's cognition, i.e., the way of life of a nation, its religious and ethnic values and traditions, historical past and legends, and geographical specificity of residence. Thus, the meaning of ethnic tourism is related to the human desire to discover other cultural and social spaces. Simultaneously, the article shows how another culture's perception affects the awareness of a tourist's identity. The author notes that ethnic tourism aims at fixing the distinctive features and specifics of people's life. Therefore, this type of tourism is most conducive to forming images and perceptions of ethnic and cultural diversity. The author substantiates the role of ethnic tourism to establish a dialogue of cultures in the modern world. Distinctive features of globalization,...
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The currently existing type of dialogue of Western and Eastern cultures makes a philosophical exploration of Christianity and Islam compelling as they are fundamental monotheistic religions capable of ensuring the peaceful interaction of... more
The currently existing type of dialogue of Western and Eastern cultures makes a philosophical exploration of Christianity and Islam compelling as they are fundamental monotheistic religions capable of ensuring the peaceful interaction of various ethnic cultures in the age of deepening secularization. The present analysis of the philosophical and epistemological teachings of the Greek Byzantine Church Fathers and the thinkers of classical Arab-Islamic culture aims at overcoming stereotypes regarding the opposition of Christianity and Islam that strongly permeate both scholarly theorizing and contemporary social discourses. The authors scrutinize the epistemological principles of the exoteric and esoteric knowledge of the Islamic Golden Age and the apophatic and cataphatic ways of attaining the knowledge of God in Early Christianity. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the concepts of personal mystical comprehension of God in Sufism (fanā’) and in Christianity (Uncreated Light).
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Rituals of different peoples of the contemporary world are presented in the article, perceived as a universal means of intercultural communication. The authors review some secular rituals of North America and religious ones of the Russian... more
Rituals of different peoples of the contemporary world are presented in the article, perceived as a universal means of intercultural communication. The authors review some secular rituals of North America and religious ones of the Russian Caspian region. The coming-of-age ceremony of the North American Indian Apache community is submitted as a particular fulfillment of the contemporaneity's interethnic communications. The Apache's rite of passage attracts not only members of the Native American tribe but also the plethora of travelers worldwide. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the rituals in their function of integrating people of a particular ethnic culture and representatives of the others, participating in a ritual as spectators. The authors underline the humanistic and communicative traits of the rituals.
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Rituals of different peoples of the contemporary world are presented in the article, perceived as a universal means of intercultural communication. The authors review some secular rituals of North America and religious ones of the Russian... more
Rituals of different peoples of the contemporary world are presented in the article, perceived as a universal means of intercultural communication. The authors review some secular rituals of North America and religious ones of the Russian Caspian region. The coming-of-age ceremony of the North American Indian Apache community is submitted as a particular fulfillment of the contemporaneity's interethnic communications. The Apache's rite of passage attracts not only members of the Native American tribe but also the plethora of travelers worldwide. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the rituals in their function of integrating people of a particular ethnic culture and representatives of the others, participating in a ritual as spectators. The authors underline the humanistic and communicative traits of the rituals.
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This article deals with the most crucial philosophical and theological issue of correlation of freedom, freedom of will, and Divine predestination, which arose in shaping the Christian doctrine and remains emergent for contemporary... more
This article deals with the most crucial philosophical and theological issue of correlation of freedom, freedom of will, and Divine predestination, which arose in shaping the Christian doctrine and remains emergent for contemporary Russian culture and society. This problem permeated all the centuries of Christianity’s formation, beginning with the period of apologetics, but it reached its climax in the classical Patristics epoch during the Byzantine Trinity and Christological theological disputes between the Western and Eastern Church Fathers. In theological discussions, they formed subtle differences, characterizing the discrepancy between Eastern and Western Patristics representatives’ views. We analyze the creative heritage of Greek-Byzantine (Eastern) Patristics, influencing the relationship between human freedom and Divine predestination, also conducting some comparative analysis with Western Patristics. The attention is also focused on the subtleties mostly of the Greek Church...
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This article deals with the most crucial philosophical and theological issue of correlation of freedom, freedom of will, and Divine predestination, which arose in shaping the Christian doctrine and remains emergent for contemporary... more
This article deals with the most crucial philosophical and theological issue of correlation of freedom, freedom of will, and Divine predestination, which arose in shaping the Christian doctrine and remains emergent for contemporary Russian culture and society. This problem permeated all the centuries of Christianity’s formation, beginning with the period of apologetics, but it reached its climax in the classical Patristics epoch during the Byzantine Trinity and Christological theological disputes between the Western and Eastern Church Fathers. In theological discussions, they formed subtle differences, characterizing the discrepancy between Eastern and Western Patristics representatives’ views. We analyze the creative heritage of Greek-Byzantine (Eastern) Patristics, influencing the relationship between human freedom and Divine predestination, also conducting some comparative analysis with Western Patristics. The attention is also focused on the subtleties mostly of the Greek Church Fathers’ comprehension of connections between free will and freedom of choice, which correlates with human rationality, high morality, and choice of deification as a movement towards God. Philosophical reflection of described ideas of Eastern Patristics is also carried in conjunction with Christian soteriology, that is, the doctrine of spiritual salvation and eternal life. A prominent place in the article is given to some ideas of deification, the moral perfection of personality, and the Absolute spiritual ascent. The article stands on the original teachings of prominent Saints of Eastern Christianity—Maximus the Confessor, Athanasius of Alexandria, Gregory of Nyssa, John of Damascus, and Justin Martyr as a predecessor for both the Eastern and Western Patristics. This article also examines the refraction of the ideas of Church Fathers in contemporary Russian culture and philosophical studies of Patristics and Byzantine philosophy. Adhering to the Russian academic tradition of Byzantology, we present some implementations of Greek Church Fathers’ ideas, particularly on free will and Divine predestination, in the works of gifted Russian Byzantologist scholars. We try to attract the reader’s attention to the valuable Byzantine heritage in order to continue the tradition of studying the Church Father’s legacy in our country.
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The article traces the formation of Eastern Christian anthropology as a new religious and philosophical tradition within the Early Byzantine culture. The notion “Patristics” is reasoned as a corpus of ideas of the Church Fathers, both... more
The article traces the formation of Eastern Christian anthropology as a new religious and philosophical tradition within the Early Byzantine culture. The notion “Patristics” is reasoned as a corpus of ideas of the Church Fathers, both Eastern and Western. The term “Eastern Patristics” means the works by Greek-Byzantine Church Fathers, who in the theological disputes with the Western Church Fathers elaborated the Christian creed. Based on an analysis of the texts of Greek-Byzantine Church Fathers, the most important provisions of Eastern Patristics are deduced and discussed, which determined the specificity of Christian anthropology. In this context, different approaches of the Eastern Fathers to the explanation of the Old Testament thesis on the creation of man in God’s image and likeness and the justification of the duality of human essence are shown. Particular attention is paid to considering the idea of deification as overcoming the human dualism and the entire created universe, the doctrine of the Divine Logoi as God’s energies, and the potential elimination of the antinomianism of the earthly and Divine worlds. The article reflects the anthropological ideas of the pre-Nicene Church Father Irenaeus, the non-canonical early Christian work The Shepherd of Hermas, and the teachings on the man of the classical Eastern Patristics period by Athanasius of Alexandria, Gregory of Nyssa, and Maximus the Confessor.
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the article is a comparative analysis of the philosophical and anthropological ideas inherent to christian- ity and islam. the researcher considers christianity and islam as cultural traditions sharing specific features since the early... more
the article is a comparative analysis of the philosophical and anthropological ideas inherent to christian- ity and islam. the researcher considers christianity and islam as cultural traditions sharing specific features since the early middle ages. the author argues that their philosophical conceptions of the human being’s relation to god brings these religions much closer together. on the basis of texts of the greek-Byzantine church Fathers, the article traces the formation of such fundamental ideas as human freedom and divine predestination, deification and achievement of spiritual freedom, in particular, through the Uncreated Light. the author compares the concepts of eastern christian church Fathers mostly with the postulates of the traditional theology of islam (Kalam).
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The currently existing type of dialogue of Western and Eastern cultures makes a philosophical exploration of Christianity and Islam compelling as they are fundamental monotheistic religions capable of ensuring the peaceful interaction of... more
The currently existing type of dialogue of Western and Eastern cultures makes a philosophical exploration of Christianity and Islam compelling as they are fundamental monotheistic religions capable of ensuring the peaceful interaction of various ethnic cultures in the age of deepening secularization. The present analysis of the philosophical and epistemological teachings of the Greek Byzantine Church Fathers and the thinkers of classical Arab-Islamic culture aims at overcoming stereotypes regarding the opposition of Christianity and Islam that strongly permeate both scholarly theorizing and contemporary social discourses. The authors scrutinize the epistemological principles of the exoteric and esoteric knowledge of the Islamic Golden Age and the apophatic and cataphatic ways of attaining the knowledge of God in Early Christianity. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the concepts of personal mystical comprehension of God in Sufism (fanā') and in Christianity (Uncreated Light).
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The article is dedicated to the consideration of the most important philosophical and religious ideas of modern American theology and Russian philosophy of the late 19 th-early 20 th centuries. The author scrutinizes the values and... more
The article is dedicated to the consideration of the most important philosophical and religious ideas of modern American theology and Russian philosophy of the late 19 th-early 20 th centuries. The author scrutinizes the values and concepts of the Pilgrim Fathers and Eastern Christian Patristics in the historical and philosophical context. Special attention is paid to the unity of meanings of Russian religious philosophy and some religious and philosophical concepts of the modern-day USA. The conceptual provisions of American theologians and philosophers C. Gillis, G. Richardson, and L. Gilkey are reviewed. The author considers Russian religious philosophy as a possible basis for unity and peaceful interaction between the two cultures-Russian and American.
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The article considers some theoretical substantiations of the human being basing on the cultural heritage of West and East. The authors present images of Man in the context of the comparative analysis of Western and Eastern civilizations,... more
The article considers some theoretical substantiations of the human being basing on the cultural heritage of West and East. The authors present images of Man in the context of the comparative analysis of Western and Eastern civilizations, more specifically, of the Chinese one, underlining general and peculiar characteristics of the contemporary forms of the mentioned cultures. The researchers submit the anthropological conceptions which are meaningful both for Western and Eastern cultures-M. Scheler's concept of fundamental ideas of the Human being' historical models, Kang Youwei's and Tan Sitong's understanding of the human being and humanity, and others. The article shows the anthropological viewpoints of Western and Chinese thoughts demonstrating some specifics in their contemporary development.
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The article is a comparative analysis of the philosophical and anthropological ideas inherent to christian-ity and islam. the researcher considers christianity and islam as cultural traditions sharing specific features since the early... more
The article is a comparative analysis of the philosophical and anthropological ideas inherent to christian-ity and islam. the researcher considers christianity and islam as cultural traditions sharing specific features since the early middle ages. the author argues that their philosophical conceptions of the human being's relation to god brings these religions much closer together. on the basis of texts of the greek-Byzantine church Fathers, the article traces the formation of such fundamental ideas as human freedom and divine predestination, deification and achievement of spiritual freedom, in particular, through the Uncreated Light. the author compares the concepts of eastern christian church Fathers mostly with the postulates of the traditional theology of islam (Kalam). santrauKa straipsnyje lyginamosios analizės kontekste nagrinėjamos krikščionybei ir islamui būdingos filosofinės ir antropologinės idėjos. Krikščionybė ir islamas analizuojami ne tik kaip atskiros religijos, bet ir kaip kultū-ros tradicijos, kurios jau nuo ankstyvųjų viduramžių turi bendrų specifinių bruožų. straipsnyje teigiama, kad žmogaus panašus filosofinis mąstymas apie dievą tiek krikščionybėje, tiek islame suartina šias dvi religijas. remiantis graikų Bizantijos Bažnyčios tėvų tekstais, straipsnyje analizuojama, kaip atsirado ir plėtojosi tokios pagrindinės rytų krikščionybės idėjos, kaip žmogaus laisvė ir dieviškoji lemtis, dieviškumo ir dvasinės laisvės pasiekimas, kylantys iš Dieviškosios šviesos. straipsnyje lyginamos rytų krikščionių Bažnyčios tėvų koncepcijos su tradicinės islamo teologijos (Kalamas) postulatais. olga v. cHistYaKova peoples' Friendship university of russia, russia rusijos tautų draugystės universitetas, rusija raKtažodiai: religijos filosofija, krikščionybė, islamas, žmogus, dievas, krikščionybės ir islamo kultūrinės tradicijos. KeY words: philosophy of religion, christianity, islam, human being, god, cultural traditions of christianity and islam.