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WO2025030257A1 - 一种蘑菇搭扣联接结构 - Google Patents

一种蘑菇搭扣联接结构 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2025030257A1
WO2025030257A1 PCT/CN2023/111203 CN2023111203W WO2025030257A1 WO 2025030257 A1 WO2025030257 A1 WO 2025030257A1 CN 2023111203 W CN2023111203 W CN 2023111203W WO 2025030257 A1 WO2025030257 A1 WO 2025030257A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
base
connection structure
mushroom
buckle connection
mushroom buckle
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/111203
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李尧
贾宝河
沙啸敏
Original Assignee
3M创新有限公司
李尧
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 3M创新有限公司, 李尧 filed Critical 3M创新有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2023/111203 priority Critical patent/WO2025030257A1/zh
Publication of WO2025030257A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025030257A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B2/00—Friction-grip releasable fastenings
    • F16B2/02—Clamps, i.e. with gripping action effected by positive means other than the inherent resistance to deformation of the material of the fastening
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B21/00—Means for preventing relative axial movement of a pin, spigot, shaft or the like and a member surrounding it; Stud-and-socket releasable fastenings
    • F16B21/06—Releasable fastening devices with snap-action
    • F16B21/08—Releasable fastening devices with snap-action in which the stud, pin, or spigot has a resilient part
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B5/00—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of mushroom buckle installation auxiliary jigs, in particular to a mushroom buckle connection structure particularly suitable for a vehicle sunroof.
  • Vehicles such as commercial SUVs and sedans are equipped with skylights on their roofs.
  • the car skylights are installed on the roofs of vehicles, which can effectively make the air in the car more circulated and increase the entry of fresh air.
  • it can meet the need for ventilation; at the same time, the car windows can also broaden the field of vision and meet the needs of mobile photography and videography.
  • mushroom buckles are generally used to fix the sunroof glass of automobiles. Mushroom buckles can bond the sunroof frame and the roof body together.
  • the top sunroof of the vehicle is also equipped with a roof lining.
  • the gap between the sunroof opening and the sunroof roof lining should be uniform, and there should be no exposed installation points on the outer surface of the roof lining.
  • paired mushroom buckles are arranged on the roof lining and the sunroof. The mushroom buckles are attached to the bracket of the roof lining and the sheet metal at the corresponding position of the sunroof. Therefore, mushroom buckles are widely used in automobile manufacturing, especially in sunroof-related structures.
  • connection structure of a vehicle sunroof mushroom buckle which can be stably and conveniently installed on a vehicle sheet metal part, and is particularly suitable for sheet metal parts with different thicknesses.
  • one of the objects of the present invention is to provide a mushroom buckle connection structure, which can be stably and conveniently installed and fixed on a structure to be fixed, such as a sheet metal or a similar plate-like component (such as a vehicle sheet metal, hereinafter collectively referred to as "sheet metal” or “structure to be fixed”), and is particularly suitable for sheet metal with different thicknesses, so that the mushroom buckle can be fixed on the sheet metal through the mushroom buckle connection structure.
  • a structure to be fixed such as a sheet metal or a similar plate-like component (such as a vehicle sheet metal, hereinafter collectively referred to as "sheet metal” or “structure to be fixed”
  • a mushroom buckle connection structure comprising: a base and a protruding leg, wherein the base comprises a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other, the first surface of the base being configured to be connected to an upper mushroom buckle or a lower mushroom buckle of the mushroom buckle; the protruding leg is arranged on the second surface of the base, and a relative clamp is arranged on the side of the protruding leg; a receiving space is formed between the clamp and the second surface of the base, wherein the height of the receiving space in the vertical direction along the second surface of the base is adjustable. In this way, a sheet metal part can be engaged in the receiving space, and the height of the receiving space can be adjusted according to the thickness of the sheet metal part.
  • the second surface of the base is further provided with an elastic structure, which is arranged to maintain a first spacing with the lowest end of the clip in a first state, and to have a second spacing with the lowest end of the clip in a second state, wherein the second spacing is different from the first spacing.
  • the height of the accommodation space can be easily adjusted by the elastic structure.
  • the elastic structure includes at least two supporting elements; in another embodiment, the elastic structure includes a spring, which is arranged around the root of the protruding leg.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the height of the accommodating space of the mushroom buckle connection structure of the present invention can be adjusted according to the thickness of the sheet metal part to facilitate adaptation to sheet metal parts of different thicknesses.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a mushroom buckle connection structure 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a side view of the mushroom buckle connection structure 100 shown in FIG. 1 ;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a mushroom buckle connection structure 200 according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the mushroom buckle connection structure 200 shown in FIG3 when it is installed and used;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing an exemplary use of a mushroom buckle connection structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the mushroom buckle connection structure 100 includes a base 110 and a protruding leg 120, wherein the base 110 includes a first surface 110a and a second surface 110b opposite to each other, and the first surface 110a of the base 110 is configured to be connected to an upper mushroom buckle or a lower mushroom buckle (not shown) of a mushroom buckle; the protruding leg 120 is disposed on the second surface 110b of the base 110, and a relative clip 130 is disposed on the side surface 121 of the protruding leg 120.
  • An accommodating space 150 is formed between the clip 130 and the second surface 110b of the base 110.
  • the mushroom buckle connection structure 100 is usually fixed to a structure to be fixed, such as a sheet metal or a similar plate-like member (as shown in FIG. 4 , hereinafter collectively referred to as "sheet metal” or “structure to be fixed”). It is understood that there is an opening on the sheet metal so that the protruding leg 120 can pass through the opening.
  • the protruding leg 120 can be a conventional setting in the industry, as long as it can pass through the opening on the sheet metal and fix the mushroom buckle connection structure 100 on the sheet metal.
  • the sheet metal is clamped in the accommodating space 150 along its thickness direction and is clamped between the second surface 110b of the base 110 and the clamp 130.
  • the structure of the protruding leg 120 can be a protruding three-dimensional structure perpendicular to the second surface 110b of the base 110.
  • One or more clips 130 are respectively provided on the two opposite side surfaces 121 of the protruding leg 120.
  • the clips 130 protrude from the side surfaces of the protruding leg 120 in a natural state, and can approach the side surfaces of the protruding leg 120 under a certain external force, or even contact the side surfaces of the protruding leg 120.
  • the side parts of the protruding legs 120 located near the protruding legs 120 are located on the same plane.
  • the sheet metal part usually has a corresponding opening, and the protruding legs 120 of the mushroom buckle connection structure pass through the opening, and the sheet metal part is clamped in the accommodation space 150 between the clamp 130 of the protruding legs 120 and the second surface 110b of the base 110.
  • the protruding legs 120 can be fixed on the sheet metal part by the clamp 130. Therefore, the clamp 130 has a dual function.
  • the protruding leg 120 may also be fixed to the sheet metal by other structures.
  • the clip 130 may be a rib-shaped structure disposed at the lower side of the protruding leg 120, and only has the function of clamping the sheet metal in the accommodation space 150 between the clip 130 of the protruding leg 120 and the second surface 110b of the base 110.
  • Another clamping structure is disposed at the upper side of the protruding leg 120 to fix the mushroom buckle connection structure to the sheet metal.
  • the mushroom buckle connection structure 100 is also provided with an elastic structure 140, which is provided between the second surface 110b of the base 110 and the clip 130, or the elastic structure 140 is provided between the second surface 110b of the base 110 and the side surface of the protruding leg 120.
  • the elastic structure 140 is provided to maintain a first spacing H1 with the lowest end of the clip 130 in the first state, and to have a second spacing H2 with the lowest end of the clip 130 in the second state, wherein the second spacing H2 is different from the first spacing H1.
  • the first spacing H1 and the second spacing H2 refer to the spacing between the highest point of the elastic structure 140 and the lowest point of the clip 130 in different states in the placement direction shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 , respectively.
  • the first state refers to the mushroom buckle connection structure 100 being in an unused state
  • the second state correspondingly refers to the mushroom buckle connection structure 100 being in a used state
  • the mushroom buckle connection structure 100 is clamped onto a structure to be fixed, such as a sheet metal
  • the elastic structure 140 is in a compressed state due to the gravity of the structure to be fixed.
  • the second spacing H2 is greater than or equal to the first spacing H1.
  • the specific value of the second spacing H2 is different.
  • the height of the accommodation space 150 formed between the clamp 130 and the second surface 110b of the base 110 can be understood as being equal to the first spacing H1 in the first state, and equal to the second spacing H2 in the second state. The height of the accommodation space 150 is adjusted by adjusting the elastic structure 140 to be in different states or positions.
  • the elastic structure 140 includes four supporting elements 140a, 140b, 140c, and 140d, wherein the supporting elements 140a and 140b are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the protruding leg 120, and the supporting elements 140c and 140d are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the protruding leg 120.
  • the supporting elements 140a, 140b, 140c, and 140d are symmetrically arranged around Around the protruding leg 120.
  • the first ends of the supporting elements 140a, 140b, 140c, 140d are respectively disposed at the root 122 of the protruding leg 120.
  • the number of supporting elements is an even number, and they are respectively relatively evenly disposed on the opposite sides of the protruding leg 120.
  • the support elements 140a, 140b, 140c, and 140d are a sheet-like structure, a first end 141 of the sheet-like structure is fixed to the second surface 110b of the base 110 and connected to the root 122 of the protruding leg 120, and a second end 142 of the sheet-like structure is at a third distance h from the second surface 110b of the base 110.
  • the support elements 140a, 140b, 140c, and 140d respectively have an angle with the second surface 110b of the base 110, and in the first state, the angle is between 10 degrees and 45 degrees.
  • corresponding grooves 111 are provided on the second surface 110b of the base 110 to accommodate the support elements 140a, 140b, 140c, 140d.
  • the support elements 140a, 140b, 140c, 140d can move toward the base 110 under the action of an external force, such as a downward external force. If the support elements 140a, 140b, 140c, 140d are subjected to a sufficiently large external force, they can be pressed down into the corresponding grooves 111, respectively.
  • the height of the accommodation space 150 in the vertical direction along the second surface is adjustable by adjusting the spacing between the elastic structure 140, such as the supporting elements 140a, 140b, 140c, 140d and the clip 130, through external force, and the height can be between H1 and H1+h.
  • the accommodation space 150 between the clip 130 and the base can accommodate sheet metal parts of different thicknesses, thereby enabling the mushroom buckle connection structure to adapt to sheet metal parts of different thicknesses within a certain range.
  • the thickness of the base 110 is about 3 mm
  • the thickness of the supporting element of the sheet structure is between 1 mm and 2 mm
  • the third distance h between the second end 142 of the sheet structure and the second surface 110b of the base 110 is between 3 mm and 5 mm.
  • the support element and the second surface 110b of the base 110 have an angle. Considering factors such as the strength of the support element and the experience of the inventor, preferably, the angle is between 10 degrees and 45 degrees in the first state.
  • the support element is made of at least one of the following materials: Types of manufacture: Polypropylene, Nylon, Polyethylene terephthalate, Polybutylene terephthalate, Polycarbonate, Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene, Acrylic resin.
  • FIG3 and FIG4 are schematic diagrams of a mushroom buckle connection structure 200 according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the mushroom buckle connection structure 200 includes a base 210 and a protruding leg 220, wherein the base 210 includes a first surface 210a and a second surface 210b opposite to each other, and the first surface 210a of the base 210 is configured to be connected to an upper mushroom buckle or a lower mushroom buckle (not shown) of a mushroom buckle; the protruding leg 220 is disposed on the second surface 210b of the base 210, and a side surface 221 of the protruding leg 220 is provided with a relative clamp 230.
  • These structures may be the same or similar to the embodiments shown in FIG1 and FIG2, and thus will not be described in detail.
  • a receiving space 250 is formed between the clip 230 and the second surface 210b of the base 210.
  • the second surface 210b of the base 210 is also provided with an elastic structure 240, and the elastic structure 240 is arranged between the second surface 210b of the base 210 and the side surface of the protruding leg 220.
  • the elastic structure is arranged to maintain a first spacing with the lowest end of the clip 230 in the first state, and to have a second spacing with the lowest end of the clip 230 in the second state, wherein the second spacing is different from the first spacing.
  • the second spacing is greater than the first spacing.
  • the elastic structure 240 includes a spring, and the spring is arranged around the root of the protruding leg 220, and at least part of the elastic structure 240 is in contact with the root of the protruding leg 220.
  • the cross section of the spring has different spacings with the second surface 210b of the base 210 at least two different positions.
  • the spring can be a warped spring as shown in FIG. 3 or 4, such as a disc spring in the industry. Of course, it can also be one or more superimposed springs, or a multi-turn spring, as needed.
  • the specific style of the spring is not particularly limited, as long as it can change the distance between it and the lowest end of the clamp 230 after being subjected to external force. In this way, the height of the sheet metal part that the accommodating space 250 can accommodate in the vertical direction along the second surface 210 is adjustable.
  • the mushroom buckle connection structure 200 when the mushroom buckle connection structure 200 is used, the mushroom buckle connection structure 200 is usually fixed on a sheet metal part 300 or a similar plate-like structure to be fixed, wherein the sheet metal part 300 has an opening 310.
  • the protruding leg 220 of the mushroom buckle connection structure 200 passes through the opening 310, and the sheet metal part 300 is clamped between the clamp 230 of the protruding leg 220 and the second surface 210 b of the base 210.
  • the elastic structure 240 is pressed against the second surface 210 b of the base 210 by the sheet metal part 300 and deformed by the downward pressure generated by the self-weight of the sheet metal part 300, so that the distance between the elastic structure 240 and the clamp 230 increases, that is, the distance between the elastic structure 240 and the clamp 230 is adjustable. That is, the height of the sheet metal part that can be accommodated in the accommodation space 250 in the vertical direction along the second surface 210 is adjustable. Therefore, sheet metal parts 300 of different thicknesses can be accommodated between the clamp 230 and the second surface 210b of the base 210, so that the mushroom buckle connection structure can adapt to sheet metal parts of different thicknesses.
  • the mushroom buckle connection structure provided by the embodiment of the present invention has wider adaptability and installation convenience.
  • the rebound force of the elastic structure 240 also enables the elastic structure 240 to have an upward support force on the sheet metal part 300, making the connection between the mushroom buckle connection structure and the sheet metal part more stable.
  • FIG. 4 takes the mushroom buckle connection structure 200 as an example to illustrate its use, the description is also applicable to the mushroom buckle connection structure of other embodiments.
  • FIGs 1 and 2 and Figures 3 and 4 respectively introduce that the mushroom buckle connection structure adopts different specific structures to realize that the height of the accommodation space of the mushroom buckle connection structure in the vertical direction along the second surface of the base is adjustable, so that the mushroom buckle connection structure can adapt to sheet metal parts of different thicknesses. It is understandable that inspired by the present invention, especially the two specific embodiments, there are also other different specific structures, such as the clip of the protruding leg can be set to slide up and down, so as to adjust the height of the accommodation space in the vertical direction along the second surface of the base.
  • FIG5 is an exemplary schematic diagram of a mushroom buckle connection structure in use according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the mushroom buckle connection structure 100 or 200 is used on a sheet metal part of a car roof skylight, and is used to fix a roof interior 600 such as a skylight headlining to the sheet metal part of the roof skylight through mushroom buckles.
  • Sheet metal parts 300 such as a skylight reinforcement frame or a skylight frame are arranged around the car roof skylight 400.
  • the mushroom buckle connection structure 100 or 200 passes through an opening on the sheet metal part 300 and is engaged in the opening.
  • the upper mushroom buckle of the mushroom buckle 500 is connected to the first surface of the base of the mushroom buckle connection structure 100 or 200, so that the upper mushroom buckle and the skylight sheet metal part 300 are connected together.
  • the lower mushroom buckle of the mushroom buckle 500 is engaged with the upper mushroom buckle.
  • the lower mushroom buckle of the mushroom buckle 500 is connected to the roof interior 600 such as the skylight headlining.
  • the roof interior 600 and the sunroof sheet metal 300 are connected together by the engagement between the mushroom buckles 500, so that the roof interior is fixed to the vehicle body.
  • the manufacturing and assembly are convenient and simple, efficient, and have excellent stability and reliability.
  • the manufacturing and installation costs are relatively low.
  • the snap-on buckle can be separated and can be reinstalled. More importantly, because the clamp of the mushroom buckle connection structure and the second surface of the base can accommodate sheet metals of different thicknesses, the mushroom buckle connection structure can be adapted to sheet metals of different thicknesses.
  • mushroom buckle connection structure provided in the embodiment of the present invention is described in conjunction with its application scenario of sheet metal parts in vehicles, it can be understood that it can also be used in other Field using mushroom buckles.

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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种蘑菇搭扣联接结构，包括：底座和凸出支脚，其中，底座包括相对的第一面和第二面，底座的第一面构造成用于与蘑菇搭扣的上蘑菇搭扣或下蘑菇搭扣相连接；凸出支脚设于底座的第二面上，且凸出支脚的侧面设有相对的卡夹；卡夹和底座的第二面间形成有容纳空间，其中该容纳空间在沿底座的第二面的垂直方向上的高度是可调节的。这样，钣金件可以卡合在该容纳空间内，且根据钣金件的厚度而调节该容纳空间的高度。

Description

一种蘑菇搭扣联接结构 技术领域
本发明涉及蘑菇搭扣安装辅助治具领域，尤其是一种特别适用于车辆天窗的蘑菇搭扣联接结构。
背景技术
诸如商用SUV、轿车等车辆的顶部上安装有天窗，汽车天窗安装于车顶，能够有效地使车内空气更流通，增加新鲜空气的进入，一方面能够满足通风的需要；同时汽车车窗也可以开阔视野以及移动摄影摄像的拍摄需求。
汽车天窗玻璃的固定，目前一般采用蘑菇搭扣来进行连接，蘑菇搭扣能够将天窗框架和顶棚本体粘接在一起。另外，车辆的顶部天窗上也有安装顶衬的，为使顶衬安装牢固，天窗开口周边与天窗顶衬配合间隙均匀，并且顶衬外表面又不能有外露安装点，通常在顶衬和天窗上布置配对的蘑菇搭扣，蘑菇搭扣粘贴到顶衬的支架上和天窗对应位置的钣金上。因此，蘑菇搭扣广泛使用于汽车制造中，尤其是天窗有关结构中。
目前在对天窗进行制造时，需要在滑轨上或者天窗对应位置的钣金件上安装蘑菇搭扣。安装蘑菇搭扣时，通常是生产工人人工安装。而安装的蘑菇搭扣与钣金件的间距有着精确的尺寸要求，但不同车辆或者甚至同一台车的不同部位其钣金件的厚度很多情况是不同的，因此产生蘑菇搭扣与钣金件的间距不同，进而易导致脱落，而且也造成人工安装的复杂性。
因此，有必要开发一种车辆天窗蘑菇搭扣的联接结构，其可稳固方便地安装于车辆钣金件上，且尤其适用于具有不同厚度的钣金件上。
发明内容
针对背景技术中提到的问题，本发明的目的之一是提供一种蘑菇搭扣联接结构，其可稳固方便地安装固定在待固定的结构如钣金件或类似的板状构件(如车辆钣金件，以下统称“钣金件”或“待固定结构”)，且尤其适用于具有不同厚度的钣金件上，进而可以将蘑菇搭扣通过蘑菇搭扣联接结构固定在钣金件上。
本发明的上述目的是通过以下技术方案得以实现的：一种蘑菇搭扣联接结构，包括：底座和凸出支脚，其中，底座包括相对的第一面和第二面，底座的第一面构造成用于与蘑菇搭扣的上蘑菇搭扣或下蘑菇搭扣相连接；凸出支脚设于底座的第二面上，且凸出支脚的侧面设有相对的卡夹；卡夹和底座的第二面间形成有容纳空间，其中该容纳空间在沿底座的第二面的垂直方向上的高度是可调节的。这样，钣金件可以卡合在该容纳空间内，且根据钣金件的厚度而调节该容纳空间的高度。
可选择地，在一实施方案中，底座的第二面还设置有弹性结构，弹性结构设置成在第一状态下可与卡夹的最低端保持第一间距，而在第二状态下与卡夹的最低端具有第二间距，其中第二间距不同于第一间距。通过弹性结构可以很方便地调节该容纳空间的高度。
可选择地，在一具体实施例中，弹性结构包括至少两个支撑元件；在另一具体实施例中，弹性结构包括一弹簧，弹簧围绕凸出支脚的根部设置。
本发明具有下列有益效果：本发明的蘑菇搭扣联接结构的容纳空间的高度是可以根据钣金件的厚度而调节该高度以方便适配不同厚度的钣金件。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面的附图仅仅是示例性地显示本发明的一些实施例，对本领域的普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他附图。而且，这些附图也不应理解是对本发明所作出的任何限制。
图1是本发明一实施例的蘑菇搭扣联接结构100的示意图；
图2是图1所示蘑菇搭扣联接结构100侧面示意图；
图3是本发明另一实施例的蘑菇搭扣联接结构200的示意图；
图4是图3所示蘑菇搭扣联接结构200安装使用时的示意图；
图5是本发明一实施例蘑菇搭扣联接结构使用时示范性示意图。
具体实施方式
需要说明的是，以下实施例为对本发明的示例性说明，不同实施例中的特征在不冲突的情况下可以相互组合。下面将参考附图并结合具体实施例来详细说明本发明。
如图1和图2所示为本发明一实施例的蘑菇搭扣联接结构100的示意图。蘑菇搭扣联接结构100包括底座110和凸出支脚120，其中，底座110包括相对的第一面110a和第二面110b，底座110的第一面110a构造成用于与蘑菇搭扣的上蘑菇搭扣或下蘑菇搭扣(未图示)相连接；凸出支脚120设于底座110的第二面110b上，且凸出支脚120的侧面121设有相对的卡夹130。卡夹130和底座110的第二面110b间形成有容纳空间150。
在使用蘑菇搭扣联接结构100时，通常将蘑菇搭扣联接结构100固定在一待固定的结构件如一钣金件或类似板状构件(如图4所示，以下统称“钣金件”或“待固定结构”)上。可以理解的是，钣金件上有一开口以使凸出支脚120能穿过该开口。凸出支脚120可为业界常规设置，只要其能穿过钣金件上的开口并将蘑菇搭扣联接结构100固定在钣金件上。同时，钣金件沿其厚度方向被卡合在容纳空间150内，被夹持在底座110的第二面110b和卡夹130间。
示例性地，凸出支脚120的结构可以是垂直于底座110的第二面110b的一凸出的立体结构。在凸出支脚120的相对两侧面121上分别设置一个或多个卡夹130。可选择地，卡夹130在自然状态下凸出在凸出支脚120的侧面外，在一定外力作用下可以向凸出支脚120的侧面靠近，甚至与临 近的凸出支脚120的侧面部分位于同一平面上。钣金件上通常有对应开口，蘑菇搭扣联接结构的凸出支脚120穿过开口，钣金件卡合在凸出支脚120的卡夹130和底座110的第二面110b之间的容纳空间150内。同时，凸出支脚120可以通过卡夹130固定在钣金件上。由此，卡夹130具有双重功能。
在不同实施例中，凸出支脚120也可以通过其他结构固定在钣金件上。示例性地，卡夹130可以是设置在凸出支脚120的侧面下部的肋条形结构，仅具有将钣金件卡合在凸出支脚120的卡夹130和底座110的第二面110b之间的容纳空间150内的功能。而在凸出支脚120的侧面上部设置有另外的卡合结构将蘑菇搭扣联接结构固定在钣金件上。
进一步地，蘑菇搭扣联接结构100还设置有弹性结构140，弹性结构140设置在底座110的第二面110b和卡夹130间，或者弹性结构设置140在底座110的第二面110b和凸出支脚120的侧面间。且弹性结构140设置成在第一状态下与卡夹130的最低端保持第一间距H1，而在第二状态下与卡夹130的最低端具有第二间距H2，其中第二间距H2不同于第一间距H1。第一间距H1和第二间距H2分别是指，在如图1和2所示放置方向上，弹性结构140的最高点与卡夹130的最低点间在不同状态下的间距。示例性地，第一状态是指蘑菇搭扣联接结构100处于未使用的状态；第二状态对应地是指蘑菇搭扣联接结构100处于使用的状态下，例如将蘑菇搭扣联接结构100卡合到待固定结构如钣金件上，因待固定结构的重力而对弹性结构140施加向下的外力而使弹性结构140处于被压缩的状态。在此情况下，第二间距H2大于或等于第一间距H1。而且对于不同钣金件，第二间距H2的具体数值是不同的。在此实施例下，卡夹130和底座110的第二面110b间形成的容纳空间150的高度可理解为在第一状态下等同于第一间距H1，而第二状态下等同于第二间距H2。通过调整弹性结构140处于不同状态或位置而调整容纳空间150的高度。
在如图1和2所示实施例中，弹性结构140包括4个支撑元件140a、140b、140c、140d，其中，支撑元件140a和140b分别相对地设置在凸出支脚120的相对侧面，支撑元件140c和140d分别相对地设置在凸出支脚120的相对侧面，该等支撑元件140a、140b、140c、140d对称地围绕设置 在凸出支脚120周围。该等支撑元件140a、140b、140c、140d的第一端分别设置在凸出支脚120的根部122。在不同实施例中，根据需要可以有2个，6个，或更多个支撑元件。为使蘑菇搭扣联接结构100处于较好的平衡状态，优选地，支撑元件的个数为偶数个，且分别相对均衡地设置在凸出支脚120的相对侧面。
在图1和2所示的实施例中，支撑元件140a、140b、140c、140d为一片状结构，该片状结构的第一端141固定在底座110的第二面110b上且与凸出支脚120的根部122相连，该片状结构的第二端142与底座110的第二面110b具有第三间距h。支撑元件140a、140b、140c、140d与底座110的第二面110b分别具有一夹角，在第一状态下该夹角在10度到45度之间。
优选地，在底座110的第二面110b上设置有对应的凹槽111以可以容纳支撑元件140a、140b、140c、140d。这样，支撑元件140a、140b、140c、140d可在外力作用下，如向下的外力下，朝底座110移动。如果支撑元件140a、140b、140c、140d受到足够大的外力下，其可以分别被下压至对应凹槽111内。
这样，通过外力调整弹性结构140如支撑元件140a、140b、140c、140d与卡夹130的间距而使容纳空间150在沿第二面的垂直方向上的高度是可调节的，其可在H1至H1+h之间。这样，卡夹130和底座间的容纳空间150可以容纳不同厚度的钣金件，进而使蘑菇搭扣联接结构可以适配一定范围内的不同厚度的钣金件。
在一具体实施例中，底座110的厚度为3mm左右，该片状结构的支撑元件厚度在1mm到2mm间，在第一状态下，片状结构的第二端142与底座110的第二面110b间的第三间距h在3mm到5mm间。这样，相较于传统的蘑菇搭扣联接结构，该实施例的蘑菇搭扣联接结构适配的钣金件的厚度可以增加3-5mm的范围。
支撑元件与底座110的第二面110b具有一夹角，综合支撑元件的强度等因素和本发明人的经验，优选地，该夹角在第一状态下该夹角在10度到45度之间。
优选地，基于弹性结构的强度考量，支撑元件由以下材料中的至少一 种制造：聚丙烯，尼龙，聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯，聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯，聚碳酸酯，丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物，丙烯酸树脂。
图3和图4为本发明另一实施例的蘑菇搭扣联接结构200的示意图。该蘑菇搭扣联接结构200包括底座210和凸出支脚220，其中，底座210包括相对的第一面210a和第二面210b，底座210的第一面210a构造成用于与蘑菇搭扣的上蘑菇搭扣或下蘑菇搭扣(未图示)相连接；凸出支脚220设于底座210的第二面210b上，且凸出支脚220的侧面221设有相对的卡夹230。该等结构与图1和2所示实施例可以是相同或类似的，因此不再赘述。
进一步地，卡夹230和底座210的第二面210b间形成有容纳空间250。底座210的第二面210b还设置有弹性结构240，弹性结构设置240在底座210的第二面210b和凸出支脚220的侧面间。弹性结构设置成在第一状态下可与卡夹230的最低端保持第一间距，而在第二状态下与卡夹230的最低端具有第二间距，其中第二间距不同于第一间距。优选地，第二间距大于第一间距。弹性结构240包括一弹簧，弹簧围绕凸出支脚220的根部设置，至少部分弹性结构240与凸出支脚220的根部接触。弹簧的截面至少两处不同位置与底座210的第二面210b具有不同的间距。
具体来说，该弹簧可以是如图3或4所示的一根翘曲的弹簧，如业界所称的碟形弹簧。当然，也可以根据需要是一个或多个叠加弹簧在一起，或者是多圈弹簧。弹簧的具体样式并无特别限定，只要其可以在受外力后，改变其与卡夹230的最低端的间距即可。这样，容纳空间250在沿第二面210的垂直方向上能够容纳钣金件的高度是可调节的。
如图4所示，在使用蘑菇搭扣联接结构200时，通常将蘑菇搭扣联接结构200固定在一钣金件300或类似板状构件的待固定结构上，其中钣金件300上有一开口310。蘑菇搭扣联接结构200的凸出支脚220穿过开口310，钣金件300卡合在凸出支脚220的卡夹230和底座210的第二面210b之间。弹性结构240被钣金件300压抵在底座210的第二面210b上并承受钣金件300自重产生的向下压力而变形，因此弹性结构240与卡夹230的间距增大，也即弹性结构240与卡夹230的间距是可调节的。即容纳空间250在沿第二面210的垂直方向上能够容纳钣金件的高度是可调节的。 也因此，卡夹230和底座210的第二面210b间可以容纳不同厚度的钣金件300，进而使蘑菇搭扣联接结构可以适配不同厚度的钣金件。相较于现有技术中的蘑菇搭扣联接结构仅可适用与一种特定厚度的钣金件，本发明实施例所提供的蘑菇搭扣联接结构具有更广的适配性和安装便利性，弹性结构240的反弹力也同时使弹性结构240对钣金件300有向上的支撑力使得蘑菇搭扣联接结构和钣金件的联接更稳固。图4所示实施例虽以蘑菇搭扣联接结构200为例来说明其使用状况，该说明也使用于其他实施例的蘑菇搭扣联接结构。
图1和2与图3和4分别介绍了蘑菇搭扣联接结构采用不同的具体结构来实现蘑菇搭扣联接结构的容纳空间在沿底座的第二面的垂直方向上的高度是可调节的，以此实现蘑菇搭扣联接结构可以适配不同厚度的钣金件。可以理解的是，受本发明尤其是该两具体实施方式的启发，也还有其他不同的具体结构，如可以将凸出支脚的卡夹设置成可上下滑动的，以此来调节容纳空间在沿底座的第二面的垂直方向上的高度。
图5是本发明一实施例蘑菇搭扣联接结构使用时示范性示意图。该蘑菇搭扣联接结构100或200使用于汽车顶棚天窗的钣金件上，用于通过蘑菇搭扣将车顶内饰600如天窗顶衬固定在顶棚天窗的钣金件上。汽车顶棚天窗400四周设置有钣金件300如天窗加强框或天窗骨架，蘑菇搭扣联接结构100或200穿过钣金件300上的开口卡合在开口中，蘑菇搭扣500的上蘑菇搭扣连接在蘑菇搭扣联接结构100或200的底座的第一面上，这样上蘑菇搭扣和天窗钣金件300连接在一起。蘑菇搭扣500的下蘑菇搭扣与上蘑菇搭扣咬合在一起。蘑菇搭扣500的下蘑菇搭扣与车顶内饰600如天窗顶衬联接在一起。通过蘑菇搭扣500之间的咬合，将车顶内饰600和天窗钣金件300联接在一起，从而将车顶内饰固定在车身上，其制造和装配方便简捷，效率高，稳定性和可靠性优良；制造成本和安装成本较为低廉；并且，子母扣可分离，可进行二次安装。更重要的是，因为蘑菇搭扣联接结构的卡夹和底座的第二面间可以容纳不同厚度的钣金件，使蘑菇搭扣联接结构可以适配不同厚度的钣金件。
本发明实施例所提供的蘑菇搭扣联接结构虽然是结合其使用于车辆内钣金件的运用场景进行描述，但可以理解的是，其也可以使用于其他可以 使用蘑菇搭扣的领域。
可以理解，上述描述的实施例仅用于描述而非限制本发明，本领域技术人员可以理解，可以对本发明进行修改和变形，只要不偏离本发明的精神和范围。上述的修改和变形被认为是本发明和所附权利要求的范围。本发明的保护范围由所附的权利要求所限定。此外，权利要求中的任何附图标记不应被理解为对本发明的限制。动词“包括”和其变形不排除出现权利要求中声明以外的其他的元件或步骤。在元件或步骤之前的不定冠词“一”不排除出现多个这样的元件或步骤。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种蘑菇搭扣联接结构，包括：
    底座，所述底座包括相对的第一面和第二面，所述第一面构造成用于与蘑菇搭扣的上蘑菇搭扣或下蘑菇搭扣相连接；
    凸出支脚，所述凸出支脚设于所述底座的所述第二面上，且所述凸出支脚的侧面设有卡夹，所述卡夹和所述底座的所述第二面间形成有容纳空间；
    其特征在于，所述容纳空间在沿所述底座的所述第二面的垂直方向上的高度是可调节的。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的蘑菇搭扣联接结构，其特征在于，还包括弹性结构，所述弹性结构设置在所述底座的所述第二面和所述卡夹间，或者所述弹性结构设置在所述底座的所述第二面和所述凸出支脚的侧面间；所述弹性结构设置成在第一状态下与所述卡夹的最低端具有第一间距，而在第二状态下与所述卡夹的最低端具有第二间距，其中所述第二间距不同于所述第一间距以使所述容纳空间的所述高度是可调节的。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的蘑菇搭扣联接结构，其特征在于，所述第二间距大于所述第一间距。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的蘑菇搭扣联接结构，其特征在于，至少部分所述弹性结构与所述凸出支脚的根部接触。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的蘑菇搭扣联接结构，其特征在于，所述弹性结构包括至少两个支撑元件。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的蘑菇搭扣联接结构，其特征在于，所述支撑元件的第一端分别设置在所述凸出支脚的根部，且所述的至少两个支撑元件对称地围绕设置在所述凸出支脚周围。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的蘑菇搭扣联接结构，其特征在于，所述支撑元件与所述底座的第二面具有一夹角，在第一状态下所述夹角在10度到45度之间。
  8. 根据权利要求5～7之一所述的蘑菇搭扣联接结构，其特征在于，所述支撑元件为一片状结构，所述片状结构的第一端固定在所述底座的第二面上且与所述凸出支脚的根部相连，所述片状结构的第二端与所述底座的第二面具有第三间距。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的蘑菇搭扣联接结构，其特征在于，所述片状结构的厚度在1mm到2mm间。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的蘑菇搭扣联接结构，其特征在于，在第一状态下，所述片状结构的第二端与所述底座的第二面间的所述第三间距在3mm到5mm间。
  11. 根据权利要求5～7之一所述的蘑菇搭扣联接结构，其特征在于，所述底座的第二面上设置有对应的凹槽以可以容纳所述支撑元件。
  12. 根据权利要求5所述的蘑菇搭扣联接结构，其特征在于，所述支撑元件由以下材料中的至少一种制造：聚丙烯，尼龙，聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯，聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯，聚碳酸酯，丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物，丙烯酸树脂。
  13. 根据权利要求2～4之一所述的蘑菇搭扣联接结构，其特征在于，所述弹性结构包括一弹簧，所述弹簧围绕所述凸出支脚的根部设置。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的蘑菇搭扣联接结构，其特征在于，所述弹簧的截面至少两处不同位置与所述底座的第二面具有不同的间距。
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CN1685164A (zh) * 2002-09-27 2005-10-19 A·雷蒙德和西耶公司 固定元件
WO2008011951A1 (de) * 2006-07-27 2008-01-31 Meteor Gummiwerke K.H. Bädje GmbH & Co. KG Befestigungsclip
CN101910648A (zh) * 2007-11-15 2010-12-08 3M创新有限公司 多角度的卡扣式机械紧固件
CN104487718A (zh) * 2012-06-01 2015-04-01 戈特利布捆扎机械有限及两合公司 固定系统
JP2016023749A (ja) * 2014-07-23 2016-02-08 岐阜プラスチック工業株式会社 取付部品を取付け部に留めるための留め具
US20160061356A1 (en) * 2014-08-29 2016-03-03 Avery Dennison Corporation Fastner with Reusable Insert Fastening Element

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