WO2023210489A1 - 黒色樹脂組成物、ブラックマトリックス基板および表示装置 - Google Patents
黒色樹脂組成物、ブラックマトリックス基板および表示装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023210489A1 WO2023210489A1 PCT/JP2023/015752 JP2023015752W WO2023210489A1 WO 2023210489 A1 WO2023210489 A1 WO 2023210489A1 JP 2023015752 W JP2023015752 W JP 2023015752W WO 2023210489 A1 WO2023210489 A1 WO 2023210489A1
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- particles
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- mass
- resin composition
- titanium nitride
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Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/36—Compounds of titanium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D17/00—Pigment pastes, e.g. for mixing in paints
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
- G09F9/00—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements
- G09F9/30—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a black resin composition, a black matrix substrate, and a display device.
- a display device is composed of a solid-state image sensor such as a CCD (charge-coupled device) and a circuit board on which the solid-state image sensor is mounted.
- This display device is installed in digital cameras, camera-equipped mobile phones, smartphones, and the like.
- a solid-state image sensor is provided with a light-shielding property for the purpose of suppressing the generation of noise due to reflection of visible light.
- a black composition containing a black pigment such as carbon black or titanium black.
- the composition containing the black resin composition of Patent Document 1 is a composition that can produce a cured film that has excellent anticorrosion properties for electrodes and excellent patterning properties, and contains titanium nitride-containing particles and titanium oxide. and silica particles are dispersed using a disperser, and further contains black pigment particles other than titanium nitride-containing particles.
- the black resin composition of Patent Document 1 contains titanium nitride-containing particles containing chlorine atoms, the content of chlorine atoms in the particles is 0.001 to 0.3% by mass, and the average primary particle size is 10% by mass. ⁇ 30 nm, and 60 or more of the 100 particles observed in photographic observation of the primary particle image of the particles are spherical.
- composition of Patent Document 1 has the light-shielding performance and low reflection performance required for a black matrix of a color filter disposed in a solid-state image sensor or a light-shielding film around an image sensor (frame light-shielding film), the composition has further light-shielding performance.
- a self-luminous display such as an in-vehicle liquid crystal display or a micro LED display that requires low reflection performance
- an object of the present invention is to provide a black resin composition capable of obtaining a cured film that forms a black matrix or image sensor peripheral light shielding film that has both high light shielding properties and low reflection. Furthermore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a display element having high light-shielding properties, low reflectivity, high visibility, and design.
- the present invention provides a black resin composition, a black matrix substrate, and a display device.
- a light-shielding material, transparent particles, a resin, and a solvent the light-shielding material contains titanium nitride particles, the mass of the titanium nitride particles is 1.3 to 15 times the mass of the transparent particles, and the titanium nitride
- 2. The black resin composition according to 1, wherein the mass of the titanium nitride particles is 2.0 to 4.8 times the mass of the transparent particles. 3.
- the light shielding material further contains other black pigment particles, and the average secondary particle size of the other black pigment particles is 20 to 80% of the average secondary particle size of the titanium nitride particles.
- This is a black resin composition.
- 4. The black resin composition according to 3, wherein the other black pigment particles contain titanium carbide particles, and the mass of the titanium carbide particles is 0.1 to 0.8 times the mass of the titanium nitride particles. . 5.
- 3. The black resin composition according to 3, wherein the other black pigment particles contain titanium carbide particles, and the mass of the titanium carbide particles is 4.5 to 49 times the mass of the titanium nitride particles. 6. 3.
- a black matrix substrate comprising a transparent substrate and a cured film of the black resin composition according to items 1 to 10 formed on the transparent substrate, wherein the cured film has an optical density (OD value) per 1.0 ⁇ m of film thickness. 2.4 to 4.5, the reflected color a* value is 0.1 to 3.0, and the transparent substrate has a reflectance of 4.5% to 5.5%.
- 12. 12 A display device including the black matrix substrate according to 11 above.
- the black resin composition of the present invention it is possible to obtain a cured film that forms a black matrix or image sensor peripheral light-shielding film that has both high light-shielding properties and low reflection. Furthermore, a display device using this cured film on a black matrix substrate has excellent characteristics of achieving both high light-shielding properties and low reflection.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a layer of a black resin composition formed on a base material according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the layer of the black resin composition contains a light shielding material containing titanium nitride particles, transparent particles, and a resin.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a layer of a black resin composition formed on a base material according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- the layer of the black resin composition contains a light shielding material containing titanium nitride particles and other black pigment particles, transparent particles, and a resin.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a layer of a black resin composition formed on a base material according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- the layer of the black resin composition contains titanium nitride particles, other black pigment particles, and a light-shielding material, transparent particles, and resin containing further black pigment particles.
- the black resin composition of the present invention includes a light shielding material, transparent particles, a resin, and a solvent, and the light shielding material contains titanium nitride particles.
- the black resin composition of the present invention can be formed into a film on a substrate by a method such as coating to form a black layer.
- the light-shielding material contained in the black resin composition contains black pigment particles (also referred to as light-shielding material pigment particles), and contributes to light-shielding properties by containing the titanium nitride particles of the present invention.
- the transparent particles contained in the black resin composition have the effect of finely diffusing light rays that pass through the layer of the black resin composition and suppressing reflection of the entire layer of the black resin composition.
- the mass of the titanium nitride particles of the present invention is 1.3 to 15.0 times the mass of the transparent particles contained in the black resin composition, and the average secondary particle size of the titanium nitride particles is 160 nm to 220 nm.
- a layer of a black resin composition having high light-shielding properties and low reflectivity is formed.
- the black layer of the black matrix substrate can be provided by curing the layer of the black resin composition.
- the black matrix substrate containing the black resin composition of the present invention can provide a display device having high light-shielding properties and low reflectivity.
- “mass" is synonymous with "weight.”
- FIG. 1 shows an embodiment in which a layer 10 of the black resin composition of the present invention is formed on a base material 5, and the layer 10 of the black resin composition includes a light shielding material 1, transparent particles 2, and a resin 3.
- the light shielding material 1 contains titanium nitride particles 1a. Titanium nitride particles 1a and transparent particles 2 are dispersed in resin 3. The titanium nitride particles 1a have a larger particle size than the transparent particles 2, and the mass contained in the black resin composition is also larger compared to the transparent particles 2. External light rays finely diffused by the transparent particles 2 are blocked by the surfaces of the titanium nitride particles 1a, making them difficult to reflect, and as a result, an effect of suppressing reflection can be obtained. At this time, the mass ratio of the titanium nitride particles 1a to the transparent particles of the present invention and the average secondary particle size of the titanium nitride particles 1a are important. Details will be described later.
- FIG. 2 shows an embodiment in which a layer 10 of the black resin composition of the present invention is formed on a base material 5, and the layer 10 of the black resin composition includes a light shielding material 1, transparent particles 2, and a resin 3.
- the light shielding material 1 contains titanium nitride particles 1a and other black pigment particles 1b which are other types of pigments.
- the light-shielding material 1 is composed of single or multiple types of black pigment particles, and various properties such as light-shielding properties, reflective properties, reflective chromaticity, and electrical resistance change depending on the type and content ratio of the black pigment particles contained. .
- titanium nitride particles of the present invention which is one of the black pigment particles that are a light-shielding material
- titanium carbide particles and/or carbon black which are other black pigment particles and other black pigment particles. An example is shown below.
- the titanium nitride particles 1a of the present invention contain titanium nitride TiN as a main component, and titanium oxide TiO 2 as subcomponents, lower titanium oxide represented by Ti n O 2n-1 (1 ⁇ n ⁇ 20), and TiO x Contains titanium oxynitride expressed by N y (0.1 ⁇ x ⁇ 2.0, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 2.0).
- pure titanium nitride TiN which has less oxidation on the particle surface, that is, contains less oxygen, is preferable because higher light-shielding properties can be obtained, and it is particularly preferable that it does not contain TiO 2 as a subcomponent.
- the content of oxygen atoms is preferably 10% by mass or less, more preferably 6% by mass or less.
- TiO x N y is a composition formula representing the molar ratio of constituent elements, where x represents the molar ratio of oxygen to 1 mole of titanium, and y represents the molar ratio of nitrogen to 1 mole of titanium.
- y can take a number greater than 0 and less than 2 since titanium nitride mainly consists of titanium nitride, y is preferably 0.1 to 0.99, more preferably 0.1 to 0.5. Further, the ratio x/y of x to y is preferably 0.01 to 0.5, more preferably 0.05 to 0.3.
- the content of titanium atoms is analyzed by ICP emission spectroscopy
- the content of nitrogen atoms is analyzed by inert gas melting - thermal conductivity method
- the content of oxygen atoms is analyzed by inert gas melting - infrared absorption method. It can be analyzed by the method. Based on these analysis results, n, x, and y are calculated.
- atoms other than the titanium atoms, nitrogen atoms, and oxygen atoms mentioned above may be contained as impurities, but if the amount of impurities is small and difficult to identify, the particles may not be taken into account. Perform calculations.
- the titanium nitride particles of the present invention preferably do not contain chlorine atoms.
- the black resin composition of the present invention includes a light shielding material, transparent particles, a resin, and a solvent.
- the proportion of components other than the solvent in the black resin composition that is, solid components consisting of light shielding material, transparent particles, and resin, can be set depending on the application and processing method, but it is possible to If it is too high, the drying properties will deteriorate, and if it is too high, the coating properties will deteriorate, so it is preferably about 1% to 50%, more preferably about 3% to 40%, and even more preferably 5% to 25%.
- the light-shielding property of the resin film obtained by processing the black resin composition of the present invention is determined by the proportion of the light-shielding material in the solid content in the black resin composition.
- the ratio of the light shielding material in the solid content is preferably 5% to 75%, and 20% to 70%, because if it is low, the light shielding property will deteriorate, and if it is high, the properties of the film such as adhesion and processability will be impaired. % is more preferred, and 35% to 65% is even more preferred. Note that the proportion occupied by this light-shielding material refers to the proportion of the mass that includes all black pigment particles that contribute to single or multiple light-shielding properties.
- the mass of the titanium nitride particles 1a of the present invention is 1.3 to 15 times the mass of the transparent particles 2. If the mass of the titanium nitride particles is less than 1.3 times the mass of the transparent particles, the light shielding properties of the titanium nitride particles 1a will be insufficient.
- the mass of the titanium nitride particles is preferably 2.0 times or more, more preferably 3.0 times or more, the mass of the transparent particles. On the other hand, if the mass of the titanium nitride particles 1a is greater than 15 times the mass of the transparent particles 2, the antireflection performance of the transparent particles 2 will not be sufficiently effective, and the reflectance will increase.
- the mass of the titanium nitride particles is preferably 4.8 times or less, more preferably 4.0 times or less, relative to the mass of the transparent particles.
- the mass of the titanium nitride particles 1a is 1.3 to 15.0 times the mass of the transparent particles 2, but the mass proportion of the titanium nitride particles 1a contained in the black resin composition of the present invention is low. In some cases, the mass ratio to the transparent particles tends to be small.
- the mass ratio of the titanium nitride particles 1a to the transparent particles tends to be small.
- the mass ratio of the titanium nitride particles 1a when the mass ratio of the titanium nitride particles 1a is high, the mass ratio with the transparent particles tends to become large. In other words, as long as the mass proportion of each component contained in the black resin composition does not exceed the total amount of 100%, the mass of the titanium nitride particles 1a is 1.3 to 15 times the mass of the transparent particles 2, More preferably, the mass of the titanium nitride particles 1a is 2.0 to 4.9 times the mass of the transparent particles 2.
- the mass of the titanium nitride particles and the transparent particles can be adjusted by using a dispersion liquid in which pigments such as titanium nitride particles and transparent particles are dispersed in advance using a bead mill or the like so as to have an arbitrary concentration. Moreover, the mass of the pigment or transparent particles in the resin composition can be confirmed by quantitatively analyzing the constituent elements of the resin composition using an ICP mass spectrometer.
- the average secondary particle size of the titanium nitride particles 1a is 160 nm to 220 nm.
- the average secondary particle size of the titanium nitride particles 1a is preferably 190 nm or less.
- the average secondary particle size of the titanium nitride particles 1a is smaller than 160 nm, the reflectance becomes high and the effect of lowering the reflectance due to the transparent particles described below becomes weak.
- the average secondary particle size of the titanium nitride particles is preferably 170 nm or more.
- the "average secondary particle size" refers to a black resin composition containing titanium nitride particles 1a, etc., diluted with a dispersion solvent or an equivalent solvent, and measured by a dynamic light scattering method. It refers to the average particle diameter value of particles determined by the cumulant method, and for example, in the case of a black resin composition consisting of titanium nitride particles 1a and polyimide resin, it is 0.24 in the case of a solvent of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone. This is a value measured after diluting to mass % particle concentration.
- the method for producing primary particles such as the titanium nitride particles 1a of the present invention is not particularly limited, but includes a thermal plasma method using a nitrogen-containing gas as a plasma gas.
- the thermal plasma method first, the powder is dispersed into primary particles, and at the same time, these powders are further uniformly mixed, and the powder is fed into a thermal plasma flame while maintaining this mixed state.
- the homogeneously mixed powder material atomized into the thermal plasma flame then evaporates into a more highly dispersed mixture in the gas phase, after which this mixture is quenched in a chamber to form primary particles.
- the method is to do so.
- the light shielding material further contains other black pigment particles, and the average secondary particle size of the other black pigment particles is 20% of the average secondary particle size of the titanium nitride particles 1a. It is preferably 80% (see Figure 2).
- other black pigment particles 1b having a smaller average secondary particle size than the titanium nitride particles 1a other black pigment particles can be added to the gaps between adjacent titanium nitride particles 1a having a larger secondary particle size. The particles 1b are more easily dispersed, and the light-shielding performance of the black resin composition layer 10 is further improved.
- the black pigment can be densely arranged in the film while increasing the light blocking performance. It is possible to suppress an excessive increase in reflectance due to
- the average secondary particle size of the other black pigment particles is more preferably 50% or more of the average secondary particle size of the titanium nitride particles.
- the average secondary particle size of the other black pigment particles is 80% or less of the average secondary particle size of the titanium nitride particles, the black pigment particles are efficiently filled into the gaps between the titanium nitride particles 1a. By arranging them in a dispersed manner, it is possible to obtain the effect of further improving light-shielding properties.
- the average secondary particle size of the other black pigment particles is more preferably 70% or less of the average secondary particle size of the titanium nitride particles.
- the average secondary particle size of at least one type of the other black pigment particles is within the above range, and at least the other black pigment particles It is more preferable that the average secondary particle size of the particles having the highest mass ratio among the particles is within the above range, and it is still more preferable that the average secondary particle size of two or more types of other black pigment particles is within the above range. preferable.
- the content of the other black pigment particles 1b is preferably 0.1 to 0.8 times the mass of the titanium nitride particles 1a.
- the mass 0.1 times or more the mass of the titanium nitride particles 1a By making the mass 0.1 times or more the mass of the titanium nitride particles 1a, the amount of other black pigment particles 1b that can be dispersed in the gaps between the titanium nitride particles 1a is ensured, and the light-shielding property is maintained.
- the mass by setting the mass to 0.8 times or less than the mass of the titanium nitride particles 1a, the antireflection performance achieved by the combination of the titanium nitride particles 1a and transparent particles, which will be described later, can be maintained. Further, when there are two or more types of other black pigment particles, it is preferable that the total mass of the other black pigment particles is within the above range.
- the other black pigment particles 1b may be made of any material as long as it is different from the titanium nitride particles 1a, including carbon black, perylene black, aniline black, graphite, as well as titanium, copper, iron, manganese, cobalt, and chromium. , metal fine particles such as nickel, zinc, calcium, or silver, and oxides, composite oxides, sulfides, nitrides, and carbides of these metals. Among these, titanium carbide and carbon black are particularly preferred from the viewpoint of light-shielding properties and reflective chromaticity.
- the other black pigment particles contain titanium carbide particles.
- the titanium carbide particles mainly consist of titanium carbide TiC, and contain titanium oxide TiO 2 , lower titanium oxide represented by Ti O 2n-1 (1 ⁇ n ⁇ 20) and, in some cases, the titanium nitride as subcomponents. .
- Methods for synthesizing titanium carbide fine particles can be roughly divided into gas phase reaction method and liquid phase reaction method.
- Gas phase reaction methods include electric furnace method and thermal plasma method, but they are less contaminated with impurities and have a higher particle size. Synthesis by a thermal plasma method is preferable because the diameter can be easily made uniform and productivity is high.
- Methods for generating thermal plasma include direct current arc discharge, multilayer arc discharge, radio frequency (RF) plasma, hybrid plasma, etc., and radio frequency plasma is more preferred since it contains less impurities from the electrodes.
- RF radio frequency
- Examples of methods for producing titanium carbide particles using a gas phase method include a method in which titanium halide is reacted with a carbide gas such as methane gas or ethylene gas in a plasma flame.
- Examples of the method for producing titanium carbide fine particles by a liquid phase reaction method include a method using titanium alkoxide and an organic compound that coordinates the titanium alkoxide, but is not limited to these, and any desired method can be used. Any manufacturing method may be used as long as titanium carbide particles having physical properties can be obtained. Note that various types of titanium carbide particles are commercially available, and those commercially available products can be preferably used.
- the mass of the titanium carbide particles is preferably 0.1 to 0.8 times the mass of the titanium nitride particles. Since the mass of the titanium carbide particles is 0.1 times or more the mass of the titanium nitride particles 1a, the amount of titanium carbide particles that can be dispersed in the gaps between the titanium nitride particles 1a is ensured, and the light blocking property is improved. At the same time, a more neutral hue can be obtained compared to the case where the same amount of other black pigment particles is added.
- the mass of the titanium carbide particles is more preferably 0.2 times or more the mass of the titanium nitride particles.
- the mass of the titanium carbide particles is 0.8 times or less the mass of the titanium nitride particles 1a, the antireflection performance achieved by the combination of the titanium nitride particles 1a and the transparent particles can be maintained.
- the mass of the titanium carbide particles is more preferably 0.5 times or less the mass of the titanium nitride particles.
- the inventors found that in the case where the other black pigment particles contain titanium carbide particles, in addition to the preferable ratio range of the mass of the titanium nitride particles and the titanium carbide particles, the titanium carbide particles By setting the mass of the particles to 4.5 to 49 times the mass of the titanium nitride particles, the electrical resistance properties are improved without significantly impairing the antireflection performance of the titanium nitride particles 1a in combination with the transparent particles. I discovered that.
- the mass of the titanium carbide particles is more preferably 5.5 times or more the mass of the titanium nitride particles.
- the electrical resistance properties can be improved without significantly impeding the antireflection performance of the titanium nitride particles 1a in combination with the transparent particles. improves.
- the mass of the titanium carbide particles is more preferably 35 times or less the mass of the titanium nitride particles.
- the other black pigment particles contain carbon black particles.
- the carbon black particles it is preferable to use carbon black particles whose insulation properties have been improved by surface treatment.
- treatments for increasing insulation include surface coating with a resin, wet oxidation treatment of the surface, and surface modification with an organic group consisting of a non-polymer group.
- carbon black particles are commercially available, and these commercially available products can be preferably used. It is more preferable to use carbon black particles whose surface has been modified with an organic group consisting of a non-polymer group. In particular, by using carbon black particles whose surface has been modified with an organic group having a sulfonic acid group, high insulation properties can be achieved. This is more preferable because it can suppress a decrease in insulation properties during high-temperature treatment.
- the mass of the carbon black particles is preferably 0.1 to 0.8 times the mass of the titanium nitride particles.
- the mass of the carbon black particles is 0.1 times or more the mass of the titanium nitride particles, the light-shielding property can be further improved compared to the case where the same amount of other black pigment particles is added.
- the mass of the carbon black particles is more preferably 0.2 times or more the mass of the titanium nitride particles.
- the mass of the carbon black particles is 0.8 times or less the mass of the titanium nitride particles, the light shielding property can be further improved while suppressing the increase in reflectance due to the addition of the carbon black particles.
- the mass of the carbon black particles is more preferably 0.5 times or less the mass of the titanium nitride particles.
- FIG. 2 consists of two types of light shielding material 1, titanium nitride particles 1a and other black pigment particles 1b of a different type, but as shown in FIG. 3, another black pigment particle 1c of a different type is further included. It may be included.
- the material of the other black pigment particles 1c may be any material as long as it is different from the titanium nitride particles 1a and the other black pigment particles 1b, and includes carbon black, perylene black, aniline black, graphite, as well as titanium, copper, and iron. , manganese, cobalt, chromium, nickel, zinc, calcium, or silver, and oxides, composite oxides, sulfides, nitrides, and carbides of these metals.
- the other black pigment particles preferably contain titanium carbide particles and carbon black particles.
- the titanium nitride particles 1a it is preferable for the titanium nitride particles 1a to have a low oxygen content from the viewpoint of light-shielding properties, but the lower the oxygen content, the bluer the transmitted color becomes, and the stronger the reddish chromaticity of reflection. Adding only either carbon black particles or titanium carbide particles, which have a red transmitted color, improves the reflection chromaticity to some extent, but the other particles have a strong reddish titanium nitride particle 1a with low oxygen content. By adding both titanium carbide particles as the black pigment particles 1b and carbon black particles as the other black pigment particles 1c, it becomes easier to obtain a reflective chromaticity close to an achromatic color.
- the reflection chromaticity a* of the black resin composition 10 can be improved to an achromatic color of 1 or less.
- the "reflection chromaticity a*” is measured from the surface on the substrate 5 side, and is based on the L*a*b* color system of the CIE International Commission on Illumination using the reflection spectrum for a standard C light source according to the method of JIS-Z8729. This is the chromaticity value of a* calculated by .
- the mass of the carbon black particles is preferably 0.5 to 2.0 times the mass of the titanium carbide particles.
- the mass of the carbon black particles is more preferably 0.7 times or more the mass of the titanium carbide particles.
- the mass of the carbon black particles is 2.0 times or less the mass of the titanium carbide particles, it is possible to further suppress an increase in reflectance while obtaining the effect of improving the light shielding property by adding the carbon black particles.
- the mass of the carbon black particles is more preferably 1.3 times or less the mass of the titanium carbide particles.
- transparent particles are particles that are dispersed and contained in the resin 3 at a predetermined mass, and the light rays that pass through the black resin composition 10 hit the transparent particles 2 and are finely diffused in all directions, thereby forming a layer of the black resin composition 10. Suppresses overall reflection.
- transparent refers to a state in which almost all visible light is transmitted through and the other side of an object can be seen through, and includes those that are lightly colored without being obstructed.
- transparent particles 2 are commercially available, ranging from fine particles with an average primary particle size of several nm to coarse particles of about several ⁇ m, but in the present invention, transparent particles with an average primary particle size of 5 to 30 nm are used. is preferred.
- the transparent particles 2 whose average primary particle size is very small compared to the black pigment particles contained in the light shielding material, the transparent particles 2 are easily dispersed in the gaps between the black pigment particles contained in the light shielding material. This is because (see FIGS. 1, 2, and 3). Black pigment particles absorb most of the external light but reflect some of the light.
- the transparent particles By dispersing the transparent particles in the spaces between the black pigment particles in this way, the light rays that pass through the vicinity of the black pigment particles are finely and diffusely reflected, and a portion of the light that is specularly reflected on the surface of the black pigment particles is visible.
- the proportion of regularly reflected light is reduced as a result, and reflection within the layer 10 of the black resin composition is further suppressed.
- the authors found that by arranging transparent particles with an average primary particle size of 5 to 30 nm in the gaps between titanium nitride particles, which have an average secondary particle size of 160 nm to 220 nm, among light shielding material particles.
- the reflectance reduction effect is particularly high compared to the case where transparent particles are not arranged.
- transparent particles By adding transparent particles to titanium nitride particles with an average secondary particle size within the above range, it is possible to not only lower the refractive index of the film, that is, the layer of the black resin composition, but also to reduce the polarity of the light irradiated onto the film.
- Low reflection can be achieved by suppressing reflection and effectively diffusing light and absorbing it into the film, so even when using a resin with a particularly high refractive index, it is possible to achieve a low reflection effect. can.
- other black pigment particles are added in addition to the titanium nitride particles, the low reflection effect due to the arrangement of the titanium nitride particles and transparent particles continues.
- the material of the transparent particles 2 is not particularly limited, a resin with a low refractive index is preferable from the viewpoint of improving antireflection performance.
- particles made of a silicon oxide-based, fluorine-based, urethane-based, or acrylic-based resin. can be mentioned.
- silicon oxide-based silica particles are preferred because of their good dispersibility. This is because silica particles can easily control the particle size when they are made into nanoparticles, so particle size variations are suppressed, and because they have a low refractive index equivalent to glass, they have a particularly high low reflection effect compared to other transparent particles. It's for a reason.
- silica it is particularly preferable to use fumed silica, colloidal silica, and hollow silica particles.
- the resin 3 is a binder for dispersing the light shielding material 1 and the transparent particles 2, and includes the light shielding material 1 and the transparent particles 2 in a solvent-soluble form to give an appropriate viscosity and quickly adheres to the base material 5. It has the function of forming and adhering a layer 10 of a black resin composition.
- the material of the resin 3 is not particularly limited, since it is necessary to pattern the black matrix into a predetermined pattern, an alkali-soluble material such as epoxy resin, acrylic resin, siloxane polymer resin, polyimide resin, etc. that can be developed by photolithography is used. Resins are preferred. Among these, polyimide resins or acrylic resins are preferred because they have excellent storage stability of black resin compositions and heat resistance of coating films. In the present invention, the effect of reducing the reflectance can be obtained even in polyimide resins that generally have a higher refractive index than glass and some acrylic resins that have a high refractive index.
- an alkali-soluble material such as epoxy resin, acrylic resin, siloxane polymer resin, polyimide resin, etc. that can be developed by photolithography is used. Resins are preferred. Among these, polyimide resins or acrylic resins are preferred because they have excellent storage stability of black resin compositions and heat resistance of coating films. In the present invention, the effect of reducing the reflectance can be
- the polyimide resin is preferably a precursor, and more preferably a polyamic acid having a repeating unit having a tetracarboxylic dianhydride residue and a diamine residue.
- Tetracarboxylic dianhydride has high light absorption at wavelengths in the visible light range and can also provide light blocking properties. The higher the electron-withdrawing property of the acid dianhydride residue, the more preferable the tetracarboxylic dianhydride is.
- Acid dianhydride residues with high electron-withdrawing properties include ketone type residues such as benzophenone group, ether type residues such as diphenyl ether group, residues with phenyl group, and sulfone residues such as diphenyl sulfone group. Examples include those having a group.
- the tetracarboxylic dianhydride specifically includes 3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride, 3,3',4,4'-benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride, Pyromellitic dianhydride and the like are preferred.
- acrylic resin examples include acrylic resins having carboxyl groups.
- acrylic resin having a carboxyl group a copolymer of an unsaturated carboxylic acid and an ethylenically unsaturated compound is preferable.
- unsaturated carboxylic acid examples include acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, crotonic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, and vinyl acetic acid. These may be used alone or in combination with other copolymerizable ethylenically unsaturated compounds.
- copolymerizable ethylenically unsaturated compounds include unsaturated carboxylic acid alkyl esters such as methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate, ethyl methacrylate, benzyl methacrylate, and aromatic vinyl such as styrene.
- cyclic hydrocarbon groups such as tricyclodecanyl (meth)acrylate, unsaturated carboxylic acid aminoalkyl esters such as aminoethyl acrylate, unsaturated carboxylic acid glycidyl esters such as glycidyl acrylate, glycidyl methacrylate, vinyl acetate , carboxylic acid vinyl esters such as vinyl propionate, cyanide vinyl compounds such as acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, ⁇ -chloroacrylonitrile, aliphatic conjugated dienes such as 1,3-butadiene and isoprene, each with an acryloyl group or methacryloyl group at the end.
- unsaturated carboxylic acid aminoalkyl esters such as aminoethyl acrylate
- unsaturated carboxylic acid glycidyl esters such as glycidyl acrylate, glycidyl methacrylate
- vinyl acetate carboxylic acid
- Examples include, but are not limited to, polystyrene, polymethyl acrylate, polymethyl methacrylate, polybutyl acrylate, polybutyl methacrylate, etc. having groups.
- acrylic polymers containing (meth)acrylic acid and benzyl (meth)acrylate are particularly preferred from the viewpoints of dispersion stability and pattern processability.
- the solvent can be used depending on the dispersion stability of the light shielding material 1 and the transparent particles 2 and the solubility of the resin 3, and is composed of water or an organic solvent.
- the organic solvent include amide-based or lactone-based polar solvents, glycol ether-based solvents, ester-based solvents, aromatic hydrocarbon-based solvents, aliphatic alcohol-based solvents, ketone-based solvents, and the like. A mixed solvent of two or more of these may be used, or a mixture with an organic solvent other than these may be used.
- an amide such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N,N-dimethylacetamide, N,N-dimethylformamide, etc. that can dissolve and mix the polyimide resin
- Preferred are polar solvents based on lactones, polar solvents based on lactones, dimethyl sulfoxide, and the like.
- an acrylic resin is selected as the resin 3
- a glycol ether solvent such as propylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate that can dissolve and mix the acrylic resin, an ester solvent such as butyl acetate, or a solvent such as toluene or xylene can be used.
- Aromatic hydrocarbon solvents are preferred.
- the black resin composition of the present invention is made up of at least titanium nitride particles 1a having a specific average secondary particle size, transparent particles 2, resin 3, and a solvent, but a photosensitive resin or a non-photosensitive resin is selected. If necessary, additives such as photoradical polymerization initiators, curing accelerators, thermal polymerization inhibitors, antioxidants, plasticizers, leveling agents, antifoaming agents, coupling agents, and surfactants may be added. Good too.
- the radical photopolymerization initiator is not particularly limited, but preferably includes an alkylphenone and/or oxime ester photopolymerization initiator.
- alkylphenone photopolymerization initiator include ⁇ -aminoalkylphenone and ⁇ -hydroxyalkylphenone, with ⁇ -aminoalkylphenone being particularly preferred from the viewpoint of high sensitivity.
- oxime ester photopolymerization initiator is 1,2-octanedione, 1-[4-(phenylthio)-2-(O-benzoyloxime), which is BASF Corporation's "Irgacure (registered trademark)" OXE01.
- photoradical polymerization initiators benzophenone compounds, oxanthone compounds, imidazole compounds, benzothiazole compounds, benzoxazole compounds, carbazole compounds, triazine compounds, phosphorus compounds, titanates, etc.
- photopolymerization initiators such as inorganic photopolymerization initiators can also be used in combination.
- thermal polymerization inhibitors include hydroquinone, hydroquinone monomethyl ether, pyrogallol, tert-butylcatechol, and phenothiazine; examples of antioxidants include hindered phenol compounds; and examples of plasticizers: Examples include dibutyl phthalate, dioctyl phthalate, and tricresyl phosphate.
- antifoaming agents and leveling agents include silicone-based, fluorine-based, and acrylic compounds.
- surfactant include fluorine-based surfactants, silicone-based surfactants, and the like.
- the titanium examples include a method in which primary particles such as nitride particles 1a are directly dispersed in a mixture of a dispersion medium such as a solvent and a resin component described below, and the time for the dispersion is controlled.
- the primary particles such as the titanium nitride particles 1a are dispersed with a dispersion medium such as a polymer dispersant or a solvent, and the dispersion time is set to an appropriate time to form a primary dispersion liquid, and then the resin component described below is added later.
- a dispersion medium such as a polymer dispersant or a solvent
- the dispersion time is set to an appropriate time to form a primary dispersion liquid, and then the resin component described below is added later.
- It may also be produced using an addition mixing and dispersing machine.
- a bead mill, a ball mill, a sand grinder, a three-roll mill, a high-speed impact mill, etc. may be used. Examples of such bead mills include coball mills, basket mills, pin mills, dyno mills, nano mills, and apex mills.
- Beads for the bead mill include titania beads, zirconia beads, zircon beads, etc., and the dispersion may be performed using a bead mill having a centrifugal separator capable of separating the bead mill and the dispersion liquid.
- the diameter of beads used for the dispersion is preferably 0.05 to 0.5 mm.
- an inkjet machine As a method for applying the obtained black resin composition onto the base material 5, in addition to the known solution dipping method and spray method, an inkjet machine, a roller coater machine, a land coater machine, a slit die coater machine, and a spinner machine are used. Any method may be used. If the resin 3 is a polyimide resin, a method using a slit die coater is preferable in that a good coating film can be obtained. After adjusting the viscosity with a solvent and coating it to the desired thickness, a dry coating is formed by scattering the solvent under heating or reduced pressure, and is further cured by light and/or heat to achieve the desired black color. A cured film of the resin composition can be formed.
- a photolithography method is used, in which a black resin composition is applied, dried, irradiated with ultraviolet rays through a photomask, and patterned by exposure and development. be.
- a black resin composition is similarly applied and dried to form a film, and then a photoresist is applied on the black resin composition, dried, and a photoresist is applied and dried. It can be processed in the same way by irradiating ultraviolet light through a mask, exposing it, and developing it.
- a pattern may be formed by applying a screen printing method, an intaglio printing method, a gravure printing method, or the like, or an inkjet method that does not require a mask or a printing plate may be used.
- the black matrix substrate containing the black resin composition of the present invention can be produced by coating the black resin composition on the base material 5, drying it to scatter the solvent, and carrying out a curing treatment if necessary.
- a layer 10 of is formed.
- the optical density (OD value) is 2.4 or more per ⁇ m.
- the layer maintains good light shielding properties and at the same time has good low reflection performance with a reflectance of 5.5% or less.
- Black matrices used in automotive LCD displays and micro LED displays are required to have an OD value of 2.4 or more for light blocking performance and a reflectance of less than 5.5%.
- the resin composition layer 10 achieves both of these requirements.
- the upper limit of the OD value there is no upper limit from the viewpoint that the larger the OD value, the better the light shielding property is.
- the OD value per 1.0 ⁇ m thickness of the cured film is preferably in the range of 2.4 to 4.5. From the viewpoint of composition design considering the mass ratio balance between the light shielding material and other constituents, it is more preferable that the OD value per 1.0 ⁇ m film thickness is 2.4 to 4.0; The OD value per 1.0 ⁇ m thickness is 2.4 to 3.5.
- the black matrix substrate of the present invention is a black matrix substrate including a transparent substrate and a cured film of the black resin composition formed on the transparent substrate, wherein the optical density (OD value) of the cured film is 1 2.4 to 4.5 per .0 ⁇ m, the reflected color a* value is 0.1 to 3.0, and the reflectance of the transparent substrate is 4.5% to 5.5%.
- the black resin composition of the present invention may be applied to uses other than micro LED display devices. Examples include liquid crystal displays and organic electroluminescent displays used in personal computers, tablet PCs, game consoles, navigation systems, liquid crystal televisions, videos, liquid crystal projectors, and the like.
- the preliminary dispersion was supplied to an Ultra Apex Mill (manufactured by Kotobuki Kogyo) equipped with a centrifugal separator filled with 70% 0.10 mm ⁇ zirconia beads (manufactured by Toray Industries), and dispersed for 2 hours at a rotational speed of 8.0 m/s.
- a titanium nitride particle-dispersed acrylic resin solution (Bk-1) having a solid content concentration of 25.0% by mass and a mass ratio of titanium nitride particles/resin 80/20 was obtained.
- the average secondary particle size of titanium nitride particles in the titanium nitride particle-dispersed acrylic resin solution (Bk-1) was 180 nm. The measurement method will be described later.
- the content of titanium atoms was measured by ICP emission spectrometry (ICP emission spectrometer SPS3000 manufactured by Seiko Instruments).
- the content of oxygen atoms and nitrogen atoms was measured using an oxygen/nitrogen analyzer EMGA-620W/C (manufactured by Horiba, Ltd.), and oxygen atoms were measured using an inert gas melting-infrared absorption method. Nitrogen atoms were determined by the degree method.
- the composition of the titanium nitride particles was analyzed using ICP mass spectrometry, inert gas melting-infrared absorption method, and inert gas melting-thermal conductivity method, the titanium content, oxygen content, and nitrogen content were determined.
- the compositional formula of the titanium nitride particles was TiO 0.05 N 0.30 .
- TiC nanopowder Lot: 1330709111 manufactured by Nissin Engineering Co., Ltd.
- a titanium carbide particle dispersed acrylic resin solution (Bk-3) having a ratio of titanium carbide particles/resin 80/20 was obtained.
- the average secondary particle size of titanium carbide particles in the titanium carbide particle dispersed acrylic resin solution (Bk-3) was 120 nm.
- polyamic acid (polyimide precursor) solution (A-1) 147.0 g of 3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride was charged together with 993.0 g of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, and 95.1 g of 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl ether and bis 6.20 g of (3-aminopropyl)tetramethyldisiloxane was added and reacted at 60° C. for 3 hours to obtain a polyamic acid solution (A-1) which is a polyimide precursor.
- Titanium nitride particles (B-1) produced by thermal plasma method (Nissin Engineering Co., Ltd.) 96.0 g, polyamic acid solution (A-1) 120.0 g, ⁇ -butyrolactone 114.0 g, N-methyl 538.0 g of -2-pyrrolidone and 132.0 g of 3-methyl-3-methoxybutyl acetate were placed in a tank, and after stirring for 1 hour at a speed of 6000 rpm in the normal rotation direction using a homomixer (manufactured by Tokushu Kika), 0.05 mm ⁇ zirconia beads ( Dispersion was performed for 2 hours at a rotation speed of 8.0 m/s using an Ultra Apex Mill (manufactured by Kotobuki Kogyo) equipped with a centrifugal separator filled with 70% YTZ balls (manufactured by Nikkato), and the solid content
- a titanium nitride-dispersed polyamic acid solution (Bk-5) having a mass ratio of pigment/resin of 80/20 was obtained.
- the average secondary particle size of titanium nitride particles in the titanium nitride particle-dispersed polyamic acid solution (Bk-5) was 180 nm.
- the compositional formula of the titanium nitride particles was TiO 0.05 N 0.30 .
- TiC nanopowder Lot: 1330709111 manufactured by Nissin Engineering Co., Ltd.
- a titanium carbide particle-dispersed polyamic acid solution (Bk-6) having a ratio of titanium carbide particles/resin 80/20 was obtained.
- the average secondary particle size of titanium carbide particles in the titanium carbide particle dispersed acrylic resin solution (Bk-6) was 120 nm.
- Transparent particle dispersed acrylic resin solution (P-1) 200.0 g of titanium oxide fine particles (ultrafine titanium oxide TTO-55 (A); manufactured by Ishihara Sangyo Co., Ltd.), 36.25 g of a 40% by mass solution of acrylic resin powder in propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, and a polymer dispersant (BYK21116; 35.50 g of propylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate (manufactured by Bick Chemie) and 730.0 g of propylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate were placed in a tank and stirred in the reverse direction at 4000 rpm for 1 hour using a homomixer (manufactured by Tokushu Kika) to obtain a preliminary dispersion.
- TTO-55 A
- a polymer dispersant BYK21116; 35.50 g of propylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate (manufactured by Bick Chemie
- the average primary particle size of the transparent particles in the transparent particle-dispersed acrylic resin solution (P-1) was 40 nm. The method for measuring the average primary particle diameter will be described later.
- the average primary particle size of the transparent particles in the transparent particle-dispersed acrylic resin solution (P-2) was 15 nm.
- Transparent particle dispersed acrylic resin solution (P-3) A solid content concentration of 25% by mass was obtained in the same manner as in (P-2) except that silica fine particles (“AEROSIL (registered trademark)” OX50; manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.; 200.0 g) were used as transparent particles.
- AEROSIL registered trademark
- OX50 manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.
- the average primary particle size of the transparent particles in the transparent particle-dispersed acrylic resin solution (P-3) was 15 nm.
- Transparent particle dispersed polyamic acid solution (P-4) 96.0 g of silica fine particles ("AEROSIL (registered trademark)"OX50; manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.), 120.0 g of polyamic acid solution (A-1), 145.0 g of ⁇ -butyrolactone, and 512.0 g of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone.
- AEROSIL registered trademark
- the pigment-dispersed resin solution or the obtained black resin composition was measured using a dynamic light scattering nanoparticle analyzer (HORIBA SZ-100, manufactured by Horiba, Ltd.) with the measurement mode set to standard and the distribution form set to standard and dispersed.
- the morphology was monodisperse
- the cell type was a four-sided transmission cell
- the black resin composition was diluted with a solvent to a particle concentration of 0.24% by mass, and the average secondary particle diameter determined by the cumulant method was measured.
- a value measured using a B-type viscometer manufactured by Tokimec
- the pigment-dispersed resin solution or black resin composition to be measured is cured in advance on a silicon wafer using the above-mentioned method for forming a cured film, and then measured using an ⁇ -SE ellipsometer (J.A. Woollam).
- the refractive index calculated by fitting the measured amplitude ratio and phase difference to the refractive index, attenuation coefficient, surface roughness, angular offset, and film thickness using Cauchy's film model was used.
- the diluting solvent propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate was used for the acrylic resin system, and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone was used for the polyamic acid resin system.
- the transparent particle-dispersed resin solution or the obtained black resin composition was measured using a dynamic light scattering nanoparticle analyzer (HORIBA SZ-100, manufactured by Horiba, Ltd.) with the measurement mode set to standard, the distribution form set to standard, The dispersion form was monodisperse, the cell type was a four-sided transmission cell, and the black resin composition was diluted with a solvent to a particle concentration of 0.24% by mass, and the average primary particle size determined by the cumulant method was measured.
- a value measured using a B-type viscometer manufactured by Tokimec
- the known refractive index value of the applied transparent particles was used as the refractive index.
- the diluting solvent propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate was used for the acrylic resin system, and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone was used for the polyamic acid resin system.
- the reflectance here refers to the total reflectance including regular reflection and diffuse reflection.
- OD value (light blocking performance) measurement The films of the black resin compositions obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples were measured from the glass surface side using an optical densitometer (361T (visual); manufactured by X-rite). The OD value per unit film thickness (1.0 ⁇ m) was evaluated based on the following criteria as OD/ ⁇ m, and the light shielding properties were ranked S, A to E in descending order, with S and A to D being good. Those with low light shielding properties of less than 2.25 were rated E, and E had poor light shielding properties. S: 3.25 or more A: 3.00 or more, less than 3.25 B: 2.75 or more, less than 3.00 C: 2.50 or more, less than 2.75 D: 2.25 or more, less than 2.50 E: Less than 2.25.
- the reflection chromaticity of the black resin composition films obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples was measured from the glass surface side using an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation, UV-2450). Wavelength range: 300 to 780 nm, sampling pitch: 1.0 nm, scan speed: slow, slit width: 2.0 nm).
- the value of a* of the reflection chromaticity per unit film thickness (1.0 ⁇ m) was evaluated based on the following criteria.
- the colors were ranked A to D in order of neutral color. A: Less than 0.50 B: 0.50 or more, less than 1.0 C: 1.0 or more, less than 3.0 D: 3.0 or more.
- volume resistivity (electrical resistance characteristics) measurement For the films of the black resin compositions obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples, the volume resistivity ⁇ ( ⁇ cm) was determined from the film surface using an insulation resistance meter (manufactured by Keithley Instruments, Inc., 6517A). . A black resin composition with a film thickness of 1.0 ⁇ m formed on an aluminum substrate was set in a test fixture chair (manufactured by Keithley Instruments, Inc., 8090), and an alternating voltage of 1 V was applied to measure the leakage current flowing through the coating film. The volume resistivity was determined and evaluated based on the following criteria. Those with good electrical resistance characteristics were designated as B, and those with even better electrical resistance characteristics were designated as A.
- a and B were good, but C had poor insulation and needed improvement.
- Bk-1 Titanium nitride particle dispersed acrylic resin solution
- P-1 the transparent particle dispersed acrylic resin solution
- Particles 1.14 parts by mass
- Table 1 shows the composition of the light shielding material, transparent particles, and resin.
- a diluted resin solution in which a 40.0% by mass solution of acrylic resin powder in propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate and propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate are mixed, and add a titanium nitride particle-dispersed acrylic resin solution (Bk- While constantly stirring 1) at 100 rpm, the transparent particle-dispersed acrylic resin solution (P-1) and the resin diluted solution were added little by little at a rate of 50 g/min using a gear pump (manufactured by Nishiyama Seisakusho) in that order.
- a gear pump manufactured by Nishiyama Seisakusho
- the titanium nitride particles were mixed in such a manner that the average secondary particle size of the titanium nitride particles obtained with the titanium nitride particle-dispersed acrylic resin solution (Bk-1) did not change. After all the components were mixed, the mixture was stirred at room temperature of 23° C. for 1 hour.
- Exposure was performed using an exposure machine PLA-501F (manufactured by Canon) through a prescribed photomask, and the positive resist was developed and the polyimide precursor was etched using an alkaline developer (Shipley "Microposit” (registered trademark) 351). After performing this simultaneously, the positive resist was removed using methylcellosolve acetate.
- the film of black resin composition 1 corresponds to layer 10 of black resin composition.
- Example 2 [Preparation of black resin composition 2]
- the amount of the transparent particle-dispersed acrylic resin solution (P-1) was 8.0 parts by mass (transparent particles: 1.60 parts by mass), and the amount of the 40.0 mass% propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate solution of acrylic resin powder was 6.25 parts by mass.
- Black resin composition 2 was prepared in the same manner as black resin composition 1 except that the parts by mass and the amount of propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate added were changed to 72.75 parts by mass.
- Black resin composition 4 was prepared in the same manner as black resin composition 3 except that the aniline black particle-dispersed acrylic resin solution (Bk-2) was changed to the titanium carbide particle-dispersed acrylic resin solution (Bk-3).
- the weight of the titanium nitride particle-dispersed acrylic resin solution (Bk-1) was 4.0 parts by mass (titanium nitride particles: 0.8 parts by mass), and the weight of the titanium carbide particle-dispersed acrylic resin solution (Bk-3) was 24 parts by mass. 0 parts by mass (titanium carbide particles: 4.80 parts by mass), the amount of transparent particle-dispersed acrylic resin solution (P-1) was 1.4 parts by mass (transparent particles: 0.28 parts by mass), and the amount of acrylic resin powder was 1.4 parts by mass (transparent particles: 0.28 parts by mass).
- a black resin composition was prepared in the same manner as in Black Resin Composition 4, except that the 40.0% by mass solution of propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate was changed to 10.37 parts by mass, and the amount of propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate added was changed to 75.21 parts by mass.
- Composition 5 was prepared.
- the titanium carbide particles contained in the titanium carbide particle dispersed acrylic resin solution (Bk-3) correspond to other black pigment particles.
- Black resin composition 6 was prepared in the same manner as black resin composition 4, except that the titanium carbide particle-dispersed acrylic resin solution (Bk-3) was replaced with a carbon black particle-dispersed acrylic resin solution (Bk-4).
- a titanium nitride particle-dispersed acrylic resin solution (Bk-1) and an aniline black particle-dispersed acrylic resin solution ( Bk-2), titanium carbide particle-dispersed acrylic resin solution (Bk-3), and carbon black particle-dispersed acrylic resin solution (Bk-4) were mixed so that the average secondary particle size did not change, and all constituents were mixed. After mixing, the mixture was stirred at room temperature of 23°C for 1 hour.
- the volume resistivity was 1.0 ⁇ 10 11 ⁇ cm (B rating), indicating sufficiently high electrical resistance characteristics.
- the volume resistivity was 1.0 ⁇ 10 12 ⁇ cm (B rating), indicating sufficiently high electrical resistance characteristics.
- black resin composition 8 The amount of the titanium carbide particle-dispersed acrylic resin solution (Bk-3) was set to 2.50 parts by mass (titanium carbide particles: 0.50 parts by mass), and the amount of the carbon black particle-dispersed acrylic resin solution (Bk-4) was set to 7.0 parts by mass.
- Black resin composition 8 was prepared in the same manner as black resin composition 7 except that the amount was changed to 0 parts by mass (carbon black particles: 1.40 parts by mass).
- black resin composition 9 The amount of the titanium carbide particle-dispersed acrylic resin solution (Bk-3) was set to 4.70 parts by mass (titanium carbide particles: 0.94 parts by mass), and the amount of the carbon black particle-dispersed acrylic resin solution (Bk-4) was set to 4.70 parts by mass (titanium carbide particles: 0.94 parts by mass).
- Black resin composition 9 was prepared in the same manner as black resin composition 7 except that the amount was changed to 80 parts by mass (carbon black particles: 0.96 parts by mass).
- the average secondary particle size obtained with the acrylic resin solution dispersed with particles (Bk-1), the acrylic resin solution dispersed with titanium carbide particles (Bk-3), and the acrylic resin solution with carbon black particles dispersed (Bk-4) does not change. After all components were mixed, the mixture was stirred at room temperature of 23° C. for 1 hour.
- Example 8 the ratio of carbon black particles, which are other black pigment particles, to titanium nitride particles was higher than the mass ratio of titanium carbide particles, which were other black pigment particles, and the reflectance, reflective chromaticity, and volume resistance Both rates were the same as in Example 6. Carbon black particles having an average secondary particle size of 56% of titanium nitride particles and titanium carbide particles having an average secondary particle size of 67% of titanium nitride particles are combined, and the ratio of carbon black particles is high. As a result, extremely high light-shielding properties were obtained with an OD value of 3.40 (S judgment).
- Example 9 the mass ratio of titanium carbide particles, which are black pigment particles other than titanium nitride particles, and carbon black particles, which are other black pigment particles, is close to each other, so that the reflectance is increased compared to Example 4.
- a very high light shielding property with an OD value of 3.00 (A rating) was obtained without any deterioration.
- the volume resistivity was 1.0 ⁇ 10 11 ⁇ cm (B rating), indicating sufficiently high electrical resistance characteristics.
- Black resin composition 10 was prepared in the same manner as black resin composition 9 except that the transparent particle dispersion liquid was changed to transparent particle dispersed acrylic resin solution (P-2).
- Example 10 [Formation of film of black resin composition 10] Using the black resin composition 10 obtained above, a film was formed in the same manner as the black resin composition 1 to obtain a film of the black resin composition 10. In the same manner as in Example 1, the OD value, reflectance, reflection chromaticity, and volume resistivity per unit film thickness were determined. In Example 10, by making the average secondary particle size of the transparent particles 15 nm, which is sufficiently small compared to the black pigment particles, the reflectance was 5.15% (C judgment) while suppressing the OD decrease due to the addition of the transparent particles. It further declined. The volume resistivity was the same as in Example 9.
- Black resin composition 11 was prepared in the same manner as black resin composition 9 except that the transparent particle dispersion liquid was changed to transparent particle dispersed acrylic resin solution (P-3).
- Example 11 [Formation of film of black resin composition 11] Using the black resin composition 11 obtained above, a film was formed in the same manner as for the black resin composition 1 to obtain a film of the black resin composition 11. In the same manner as in Example 1, the OD value, reflectance, reflective chromaticity, and volume resistivity per unit film thickness were determined. In Example 11, by applying silica fine particles as transparent particles, the reflectance was reduced to 5.08% (B rating) while maintaining a high light-shielding property with an OD value of 3.00 (A rating). The volume resistivity was the same as in Example 9. The reflectance was further improved by using silica, which has a refractive index close to that of glass and whose shape is precisely controlled.
- Example 12 [Preparation of black resin composition 12] Titanium nitride particle dispersed polyamic acid solution (Bk-5) 38.50 parts by mass (titanium nitride particles: 3.70 parts by mass), titanium carbide particle dispersed polyamic acid solution (Bk-6) 9.8 parts by mass (titanium Carbide particles: 0.94 parts by mass), carbon black particle-dispersed polyamic acid solution (Bk-7) 10.0 parts by mass (carbon black particles: 0.96 parts by mass), the transparent particle-dispersed polyamic acid solution (P-4) ) 16.70 parts by mass (transparent particles: 1.60 parts by mass), 12.46 parts by mass of polyamic acid solution (A-1), and 142.40 parts by mass of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone. Black resin composition 12 was prepared.
- a diluted resin solution prepared by mixing polyamic acid solution (A-1) and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone is prepared in advance, and a predetermined amount of titanium nitride is weighed.
- the titanium carbide-dispersed polyamic acid solution (Bk-6) containing titanium carbide particles, which are other black pigment particles, and carbon, which is another black pigment particle.
- Black resin composition 13 was prepared in the same manner as black resin composition 2 except that the light-shielding material particle dispersion was changed to titanium nitride particle-dispersed acrylic resin solution (Bk-8).
- Black resin composition 14 was prepared in the same manner as black resin composition 2 except that the light-shielding material particle dispersion was changed to titanium nitride particle-dispersed acrylic resin solution (Bk-9).
- Black resin composition 15 The amount of transparent particle-dispersed acrylic resin solution (P-1) was changed to 28.0 parts by mass (transparent particles: 5.60 parts by mass), and the amount of propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate added was changed to 102.75 parts by mass.
- Black resin composition 15 was prepared in the same manner as black resin composition 2 except for the following changes.
- black resin composition 16 The amount of transparent bright particle dispersed acrylic resin solution (P-1) was changed to 1.40 parts by mass (transparent particles: 0.28 parts by mass), and a 40.0 mass% propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate solution of acrylic resin powder was added. Black resin composition 16 was prepared in the same manner as black resin composition 1 except that the amount added was changed to 10.37 parts by mass and the amount of propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate was changed to 75.21 parts by mass.
- Comparative Example 1 the average secondary particle size of the titanium nitride particles was small, and the surface area of the pigment increased, resulting in a significant deterioration in reflectance. Furthermore, in Comparative Example 2, the average secondary particle size of the titanium nitride particles was large, and the light shielding property was significantly deteriorated. In Comparative Example 3, the mass ratio of transparent particles to black pigment particles was high, and the light-shielding property was significantly deteriorated. In Comparative Example 4, the mass ratio of transparent particles to black pigment particles was low, and the effect of reducing reflectance due to the addition of transparent particles was not exhibited.
- the unit film The OD value per thickness ( ⁇ m) is 2.4 or more, the total reflectance is less than 5.8%, which is a good value, and the mass of the titanium nitride particles is 2.0 to 4% of the mass of the transparent particles.
- the total reflectance is less than 5.6% in the 8x range, which is a very good value, which is the reflectance and OD required for black matrices for automotive LCD displays and micro LED displays. It was found that the value performance can be obtained.
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Abstract
Description
1.遮光材、透明粒子、樹脂および溶媒を含み、前記遮光材がチタン窒化物粒子を含有し、前記チタン窒化物粒子の質量が前記透明粒子の質量の1.3~15倍であり、前記チタン窒化物粒子の平均二次粒径が160~220nmである黒色樹脂組成物である。
2.前記チタン窒化物粒子の質量が前記透明粒子の質量の2.0~4.8倍である1に記載の黒色樹脂組成物である。
3.前記遮光材がさらに他の黒色顔料粒子を含有し、前記他の黒色顔料粒子の平均二次粒径が前記チタン窒化物粒子の平均二次粒径の20~80%である1または2に記載の黒色樹脂組成物である。
4.前記他の黒色顔料粒子がチタン炭化物粒子を含有し、かつ前記チタン炭化物粒子の質量が前記チタン窒化物粒子の質量の0.1~0.8倍である3に記載の黒色樹脂組成物である。
5.前記他の黒色顔料粒子がチタン炭化物粒子を含有し、かつ前記チタン炭化物粒子の質量が前記チタン窒化物粒子の質量の4.5~49倍である3に記載の黒色樹脂組成物である。
6.前記他の黒色顔料粒子がカーボンブラックを含有し、かつ前記カーボンブラックの質量が前記チタン窒化物粒子の質量の0.1~0.8倍である3に記載の黒色樹脂組成物である。
7.前記他の黒色顔料粒子がチタン炭化物粒子およびカーボンブラックを含有し、前記カーボンブラックの質量が前記チタン炭化物粒子の質量の0.5~2.0倍である3に記載の黒色樹脂組成物である。
8.前記透明粒子の平均一次粒径が5~30nmである1~7に記載の黒色樹脂組成物である。
9.前記透明粒子がシリカ粒子である1~8に記載の黒色樹脂組成物である。
10.前記樹脂がテトラカルボン酸二無水物残基およびジアミン残基を有する繰り返し単位を有するポリアミック酸を含む1~9に記載の黒色樹脂組成物である。
11.透明基板および該透明基板上に形成された1~10に記載の黒色樹脂組成物の硬化膜を含むブラックマトリックス基板であって、前記硬化膜の光学濃度(OD値)が膜厚1.0μmあたり2.4~4.5であり、反射色a*値が0.1~3.0であり、前記透明基板の反射率が4.5%~5.5%であるブラックマトリックス基板である。
12.前記11に記載のブラックマトリックス基板を有する表示装置である。
(遮光材)
遮光光材1は単一あるいは複数の種類の黒色顔料粒子などから構成され、含有する黒色顔料粒子の種類や含有比率によって遮光性や反射特性、反射色度、電気抵抗等の諸特性が変化する。まず、遮光材である黒色顔料粒子の1つである本発明のチタン窒化物粒子と、他の黒色顔料粒子や別の黒色顔料粒子の1つであるチタン炭化物粒子および/またはカーボンブラックについて実施態様の一例を以下に示す。
本発明のチタン窒化物粒子1aは、主成分としてチタン窒化物TiNを含み、副成分として酸化チタンTiO2、TinO2n-1(1≦n≦20)で表せる低次酸化チタンおよびTiOxNy(0.1<x<2.0,0<y<2.0)で表される酸窒化チタンを含有する。なかでも、粒子表面の酸化が少ない、すなわち含有する酸素量が少ない純粋のチタン窒化物TiNの方がより高い遮光性が得られるため好ましく、とりわけ副成分としてTiO2を含有しないことが好ましい。その酸素原子の含有量としては10質量%以下であることが好ましく、さらに好ましくは6質量%以下である。
本発明の黒色樹脂組成物は、前記他の黒色顔料粒子がチタン炭化物粒子を含有することが好ましい。チタン炭化物粒子は、主としてチタン炭化物TiCからなり、副成分として酸化チタンTiO2、TinO2n-1(1≦n≦20)で表せる低次酸化チタンおよび、場合により前記チタン窒化物を含有する。粒子表面の酸化が少ない、すなわち含有する酸素量が少ない純粋のチタン炭化物TiCの方がより高い遮光性が得られるため好ましく、とりわけ副成分としてTiO2を含有しないことが好ましい。
本発明の黒色樹脂組成物は、前記他の黒色顔料粒子がカーボンブラック粒子を含有することが好ましい。カーボンブラック粒子としては、表面処理することにより絶縁性を高めたカーボンブラック粒子を使用することが好ましい。絶縁性を高めるための処理としては、一般的に、樹脂による表面被覆や表面の湿式酸化処理、非ポリマー基からなる有機基による表面修飾等が知られている。
(透明粒子)
透明粒子2は、所定の質量で樹脂3中に分散含有させる粒子であり、黒色樹脂組成物10内を透過する光線が当該透明粒子2に当たって四方八方に細かく拡散し、黒色樹脂組成物10の層全体の反射を抑制する。本発明において「透明」とは可視光性のほぼ全域の光を透過して、物体の向こう側が見通せる状態をいい、阻害しない状態で薄く着色しているものを含む。
樹脂3は、遮光材1や透明粒子2を分散させるためのバインダーであり、溶媒に溶ける形で遮光材1や透明粒子2を包含して適当な粘度を与えるとともに、迅速に基材5に密着した黒色樹脂組成物の層10を形成して接着する機能をもつ。
溶媒は、遮光材1や透明粒子2の分散安定性及び樹脂3の溶解性に合わせて用いることができ、水又は有機溶剤からなる。有機溶剤としては、例えば、アミド系またはラクトン系の極性溶媒、グリコールエーテル系溶媒、エステル系溶媒、芳香族炭化水素系溶媒、脂肪族アルコール系溶媒、ケトン系溶媒などが挙げられる。これらの2種類以上の混合溶媒であってもよいし、またこれら以外の有機溶剤との混合であってもよい。
以上、本発明の黒色樹脂組成物は、少なくとも特定の平均二次粒径のチタン窒化物粒子1a、透明粒子2、樹脂3、溶媒で成立するが、感光性樹脂や非感光性樹脂を選択する場合、必要に応じて光ラジカル重合開始剤、硬化促進剤、熱重合禁止剤、酸化防止剤、可塑剤、レベリング剤、消泡剤、カップリング剤、界面活性剤等の添加剤を配合してもよい。
光ラジカル重合開始剤としては、特に制限はないが、アルキルフェノン系および/あるいはオキシムエステル系光重合開始剤を含有することが好ましい。アルキルフェノン系光重合開始剤として、α-アミノアルキルフェノン系あるいはα-ヒドロキシアルキルフェノン系などがあげられるが、特にα-アミノアルキルフェノン系が高感度の観点から好ましい。オキシムエステル系光重合開始剤の具体例として、BASF(株)“イルガキュア(登録商標)”OXE01である1,2-オクタンジオン,1-[4-(フェニルチオ)-2-(O-ベンゾイルオキシム)]、BASF(株)“イルガキュア(登録商標)”OXE02であるエタノン,1-[9-エチル-6-(2-メチルベンゾイル)-9H-カルバゾール-3-イル]-,1-(0-アセチルオキシム)、旭電化工業(株)製の “アデカ(登録商標)オプトマー”N-1818、N-1919、“アデカクルーズ”NCI831などがあげられる。
熱重合禁止剤としては、ハイドロキノン、ハイドロキノンモノメチルエーテル、ピロガロール、tert-ブチルカテコール、フェノチアジン等を挙げることができ、酸化防止剤としてはヒンダートフェノール系化合物等を挙げることができ、可塑剤としては、ジブチルフタレート、ジオクチルフタレート、リン酸トリクレジル等を挙げることができ、消泡剤やレベリング剤としては、シリコーン系、フッ素系、アクリル系の化合物を挙げることができる。また、界面活性剤としてはフッ素系界面活性剤、シリコーン系界面活性剤等を挙げることができる。
次に、黒色樹脂組成物の製造方法を説明する。チタン窒化物粒子の一次粒子をもとに所望の平均二次粒径を有するチタン窒化物粒子1a等を含有した本発明の黒色樹脂組成物を得る方法としては、混合分散機を用いてこのチタン窒化物粒子1a等の一次粒子を溶媒などの分散媒と後述の樹脂成分の混合物中に直接分散し、その分散する時間を制御する方法が挙げられる。あるいは、このチタン窒化物粒子1a等の一次粒子を高分子分散剤や溶媒などの分散媒と共に分散し、その分散する時間を適当な時間として一次分散液とした後、後述の樹脂成分を後から加え混合分散機を用いて作製するという方法であってもよい。混合分散機を用いる際には、ビーズミル、ボールミル、サンドグラインダー、3本ロールミル、高速度衝撃ミルなどを用いるとよい。そのビーズミルを例にすると、コボールミル、バスケットミル、ピンミル、ダイノーミル、ナノミル、アペックスミルなどが挙げられる。ビーズミルのビーズとしては、チタニアビーズ、ジルコニアビーズ、ジルコンビーズなどが挙げられ、ビーズミルと分散液とを分離することが可能な遠心分離方式によるセパレーターを有するビーズミルを用いて分散でもよい。その分散に用いるビーズ径は、0.05~0.5mmが好ましい。
OD値 = log10(I0/I) ・・・ 式(1)
I0 : 入射光強度
I : 透過光強度 。
文献(特許第3120476号公報;実施例1)記載の方法により、メチルメタクリレート/メタクリル酸/スチレン共重合体(質量比30/40/30)を合成後、グリシジルメタクリレート40質量部を付加させ、精製水で再沈、濾過、乾燥することにより、平均分子量(Mw)40,000、酸価110(mgKOH/g)のアクリル樹脂粉末を得た。
熱プラズマ法により製造したチタン窒化物粒子(B-1)(日清エンジニアリング(株)製)400.0gにアクリル樹脂粉末のプロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート40質量%溶液93.75g、高分子分散剤(BYK21116;ビックケミー社製)62.50g及びプロピレングリコールモノエチルエーテルアセテート1440.0gをタンクに仕込み、ホモミキサー(特殊機化製)で正転方向に速度6000rpmにて1時間撹拌し、予備分散液を得た。
アニリンブラック粒子(B-2)(クサカベ ピグメント#100 アニリンブラック 260品番pig-KU0066((株)クサカベ製))を使用した以外は(Bk-1)と同様の方法で固形分濃度25.0質量%、質量比がアニリンブラック粒子/樹脂=80/20となるアニリンブラック粒子分散アクリル樹脂溶液(Bk-2)を得た。アニリンブラック粒子分散アクリル樹脂溶液(Bk-2)のアニリンブラック粒子の平均二次粒径は120nmであった。
チタン炭化物粒子(B-3)(TiCナノ粉末 Lot:1330709111(日清エンジニアリング(株)製))を使用した以外は(Bk-1)と同様の方法で固形分濃度25.0質量%、質量比がチタン炭化物粒子/樹脂=80/20となるチタン炭化物粒子分散アクリル樹脂溶液(Bk-3)を得た。チタン炭化物粒子分散アクリル樹脂溶液(Bk-3)のチタン炭化物粒子の平均二次粒径は120nmであった。
カーボンブラック粒子(B-4)(TPX1291(CABOT製))を使用した以外は(Bk-1)と同様の方法で固形分濃度25.0質量%、質量比がカーボンブラック粒子/樹脂=80/20となるカーボンブラック粒子分散アクリル樹脂溶液(Bk-4)を得た。カーボンブラック粒子分散アクリル樹脂溶液(Bk-4)のカーボンブラック粒子の平均二次粒径は100nmであった。
3,3´,4,4´-ビフェニルテトラカルボン酸二無水物147.0gを、N-メチル-2-ピロリドン993.0gと共に仕込み、4,4´-ジアミノジフェニルエ-テル95.1gおよびビス(3-アミノプロピル)テトラメチルジシロキサン6.20gを添加し、60℃で3時間反応させ、ポリイミド前駆体であるポリアミック酸溶液(A-1)を得た。
熱プラズマ法により製造したチタン窒化物粒子(B-1)(日清エンジニアリング(株)製)96.0g、ポリアミック酸溶液(A-1)120.0g、γ-ブチロラクトン114.0g、N-メチル-2ピロリドン538.0g及び3メチル-3メトキシブチルアセテート132.0gをタンクに仕込み、ホモミキサー(特殊機化製)で正転方向に速度6000rpmにて1時間撹拌後、0.05mmφジルコニアビーズ(YTZボール;ニッカトー製)を70%充填した遠心分離セパレーターを具備したウルトラアペックスミル(寿工業製)を用いて回転速度8.0m/sで2時間分散を行い、固形分濃度12.0質量%、質量比が顔料/樹脂=80/20となるチタン窒化物分散ポリアミック酸溶液(Bk-5)を得た。チタン窒化物粒子分散ポリアミック酸溶液(Bk-5)のチタン窒化物粒子の平均二次粒径は180nmであった。
チタン炭化物粒子(B-3)(TiCナノ粉末 Lot:1330709111(日清エンジニアリング(株)製))を使用した以外は(Bk-5)と同様の方法で固形分濃度12.0質量%、質量比がチタン炭化物粒子/樹脂=80/20となるチタン炭化物粒子分散ポリアミック酸溶液(Bk-6)を得た。チタン炭化物粒子分散アクリル樹脂溶液(Bk-6)のチタン炭化物粒子の平均二次粒径は120nmであった。
カーボンブラック粒子(B-4)(TPX1291(CABOT製))を使用した以外は(Bk-5)と同様の方法で固形分濃度12.0質量%、質量比がカーボンブラック粒子/樹脂=80/20となるカーボンブラック粒子分散ポリアミック酸溶液(Bk-7)を得た。カーボンブラック粒子分散ポリアミック酸溶液(Bk-7)のカーボンブラック粒子の平均二次粒径は100nmであった。
ウルトラアペックスミル(寿工業製)の回転速度を15.0m/sに変更した以外は(Bk-1)と同様の方法にて、固形分濃度25.0質量%、質量比がチタン窒化物粒子/樹脂=80/20となるチタン窒化物粒子分散アクリル樹脂溶液(Bk-8)を得た。チタン窒化物粒子分散アクリル樹脂溶液(Bk-8)のチタン窒化物粒子の平均二次粒径は150nmであった。
ウルトラアペックスミル(寿工業製)の回転速度を5.0m/sに変更した以外は(Bk-8)と同様の方法にて、固形分濃度25.0質量%、質量比がチタン窒化物粒子/樹脂=80/20となるチタン窒化物粒子分散アクリル樹脂溶液(Bk-9)を得た。チタン窒化物粒子分散アクリル樹脂溶液(Bk-9)のチタン窒化物粒子の平均二次粒径は230nmであった。
酸化チタン微粒子(超微粒子酸化チタンTTO―55(A);石原産業(株)製)200.0gにアクリル樹脂粉末のプロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート40質量%溶液36.25g、高分子分散剤(BYK21116;ビックケミー社製)35.50g及びプロピレングリコールモノエチルエーテルアセテート730.0gをタンクに仕込み、ホモミキサー(特殊機化製)で反転方向に速度4000rpmにて1時間撹拌し、予備分散液を得た。
ウルトラアペックスミル(寿工業製)の回転速度を3.0m/sに変更した以外は(P-1)と同様の方法にて固形分濃度25.0質量%、質量比が透明粒子/樹脂=80/20となる透明粒子分散アクリル樹脂溶液(P-2)を得た。透明粒子分散アクリル樹脂溶液(P-2)の透明粒子の平均一次粒径は15nmであった。
透明粒子としてシリカ微粒子(“AEROSIL(登録商標)” OX50;日本アエロジル(株)製;200.0g)を使用した以外は(P-2)と同様の方法にて固形分濃度25質量%、質量比が透明粒子/樹脂=80/20となる透明粒子分散アクリル樹脂溶液(P-3)を得た。透明粒子分散アクリル樹脂溶液(P-3)の透明粒子の平均一次粒径は15nmであった。
シリカ微粒子(“AEROSIL(登録商標)” OX50;日本アエロジル(株)製)96.0gにポリアミック酸溶液(A-1)120.0g、γ-ブチロラクトン145.0g、N-メチル-2ピロリドン512.0g及び3メチル-3メトキシブチルアセテート125.0gをタンクに仕込み、ホモミキサー(特殊機化製)で反転方向に速度4000rpmにて1時間撹拌後、0.05mmφジルコニアビーズ(YTZボール;ニッカトー製)を70%充填した遠心分離セパレーターを具備したウルトラアペックスミル(寿工業製)を用いて回転速度3.0m/sで2時間分散を行い、固形分濃度12.0質量%、質量比が透明粒子/樹脂=80/20となる透明粒子分散ポリアミック酸溶液(P-4)を得た。透明粒子分散アクリル樹脂溶液(P-4)の透明粒子の平均一次粒径は15nmであった。
顔料分散樹脂溶液または得られた黒色樹脂組成物について、動的光散乱法ナノ粒子解析装置(株式会社堀場製作所製、HORIBA SZ-100)を用いて、測定モードを標準、分布形態をスタンダード、分散形態を単分散、セルの種類を4面透過セル、黒色樹脂組成物を溶媒にて0.24質量%粒子濃度に希釈して、キュムラント法により求められる平均二次粒径を測定した。分散媒の粘度は、B型粘度計(トキメック社製)を用いて測定した値を用いた。また、測定の際には、予め測定する顔料分散樹脂溶液または黒色樹脂組成物をシリコンウェハ上に前記硬化膜の形成方法にて硬化させ、α-SEエリプソメーター(J.A.Woollam)にて測定した振幅比と位相差を、Cauchyの膜モデルを使用して、屈折率、減衰係数、表面粗さ、角度オフセット、及び膜厚をフィッティングさせて算出した屈折率を用いた。希釈溶媒には、アクリル樹脂系にはプロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテートを、ポリアミック酸樹脂系にはN-メチル-2ピロリドンをそれぞれ用いた。
透明粒子分散樹脂溶液または得られた黒色樹脂組成物について、動的光散乱法ナノ粒子解析装置(株式会社堀場製作所製、HORIBA SZ-100)を用いて、測定モードを標準、分布形態をスタンダード、分散形態を単分散、セルの種類を4面透過セル、黒色樹脂組成物を溶媒にて0.24質量%粒子濃度に希釈して、キュムラント法により求められる平均一次粒径を測定した。分散媒の粘度は、B型粘度計(トキメック社製)を用いて測定した値を用いた。また、屈折率には適用する透明粒子の既知の屈折率値を用いた。希釈溶媒には、アクリル樹脂系にはプロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテートを、ポリアミック酸樹脂系にはN-メチル-2ピロリドンをそれぞれ用いた。
実施例および比較例にて得られた黒色樹脂組成物の膜について、ガラス面側から測定した全反射率を、紫外可視分光光度計(株式会社島津製作所製、UV-2450)を用いて、入射角・反射角ともに5°の設定条件にて測定した。単位膜厚(1.0μm)あたりの反射率を以下の基準に基づき評価し、反射率の低い順にA~Hとし、A~Gが良好であった。反射率が5.8%以上と高いものをHとし、Hは不良であった。なお、ガラスによる反射率は約4.20%であり、この全反射率の測定値はその反射率も含んでいる。尚、ここでいう反射率とは正反射と拡散反射を含む全反射率を指す。
A:5.00%未満
B:5.00%以上、5.10%未満
C:5.10%以上、5.20%未満
D:5.20%以上、5.30%未満
E:5.30%以上、5.40%未満
F:5.40%以上、5.60%未満
G:5.60%以上、5.80%未満
H:5.80%以上 。
実施例および比較例にて得られた黒色樹脂組成物の膜について、ガラス面側から光学濃度計(361T(visual);X-rite社製)を用いて測定した。単位膜厚(1.0μm)あたりのOD値をOD/μmとして以下の基準に基づき評価し、遮光性が高い順にS、A~Eとし、S、A~Dが良好であった。遮光性が2.25未満と低いものをEとし、Eは遮光性が不良であった。
S:3.25以上
A:3.00以上、3.25未満
B:2.75以上、3.00未満
C:2.50以上、2.75未満
D:2.25以上、2.50未満
E:2.25未満 。
実施例および比較例にて得られた黒色樹脂組成物の膜について、ガラス面側から紫外可視分光光度計(株式会社島津製作所製、UV-2450)を用いて、反射色度を測定した(測定波長領域:300~780nm、サンプリングピッチ:1.0nm、スキャン速度:低速、スリット幅:2.0nm)。単位膜厚(1.0μm)あたりの反射色度のうちa*の値を以下の基準に基づき評価した。ニュートラル色に近い順にA~Dとした。
A:0.50未満
B:0.50以上、1.0未満
C:1.0以上、3.0未満
D:3.0以上。
実施例および比較例にて得られた黒色樹脂組成物の膜について、膜面側より絶縁抵抗計(ケースレーインスツルメンツ(株)製、6517A)を用いて体積抵抗率ρ(Ω・cm)を求めた。アルミニウム基板上に形成した膜厚1.0μmの黒色樹脂組成物をテストフィクスチェア(ケースレーインスツルメンツ(株)製、8090)にセットし、1Vの交番電圧を印加して塗膜を流れるリーク電流の測定を行い、体積抵抗率を求め、以下の基準に基づき評価した。電気抵抗特性が良いものをBとし、更に良いものをAとした。AとBが良好で、Cは絶縁性が低く改善が必要であった。
A:1.0×1013Ω・cm以上
B:1.0×1010Ω・cm以上、1.0×1013Ω・cm未満
C:1.0×1010Ω・cm未満
(実施例1)
[黒色樹脂組成物1の調製]
チタン窒化物粒子分散アクリル樹脂溶液(Bk-1) 28.0質量部(チタン窒化物粒子:5.60質量部)、前記透明粒子分散アクリル樹脂溶液(P-1)5.70質量部(透明粒子:1.14質量部)、アクリル樹脂粉末のプロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート40.0質量%溶液7.69質量部、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート73.60質量部をそれぞれ全量混合することにより黒色樹脂組成物を調製した。表1に遮光材、透明粒子、樹脂の構成を示す。
上記得られた黒色樹脂組成物1をG4.5(730mm×920mm)のガラス基板上にスリットダイコーターで塗布、80℃1分熱風乾燥した後、120℃で2分間セミキュアした。その後、ポジ型レジスト(Shipley “Microposit”(登録商標) RC100 30cp)をスリットダイコーターで塗布後、80℃で2分間乾燥させた。
[黒色樹脂組成物2の調製]
前記透明粒子分散アクリル樹脂溶液(P-1)の量を8.0質量部(透明粒子:1.60質量部)、アクリル樹脂粉末のプロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート40.0質量%溶液を6.25質量部、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテートの添加量を72.75質量部にそれぞれ変更した以外は黒色樹脂組成物1と同様にして、黒色樹脂組成物2を調製した。
上記得られた黒色樹脂組成物2を用いて、黒色樹脂組成物1と同様の方法で成膜し、黒色樹脂組成物2の膜を得た。実施例1と同様にして単位膜厚当たりのOD値、反射率、反射色度、および体積抵抗率を求めた。実施例2では色味がa*=3.2(D判定)と赤みが強いものの、OD値が2.40(D判定)と比較的高い値であり、かつ反射率が5.25%(D判定)と十分に低い値となった。また体積抵抗率は1.0×1011Ω・cm(B判定)と十分高い電気抵抗特性を示した。
[黒色樹脂組成物3の調製]
遮光材粒子分散液をチタン窒化物粒子分散アクリル樹脂溶液(Bk-1) 18.50質量部(チタン窒化物粒子:3.70質量部)、アニリンブラック粒子分散アクリル樹脂溶液(Bk-2) 9.50質量部(アニリンブラック粒子:1.90質量部)に変更した以外は黒色樹脂組成物2と同様にして黒色樹脂組成物3を調製した。アニリンブラック粒子分散アクリル樹脂溶液(Bk-2)に含まれるアニリンブラック粒子は他の黒色顔料粒子にあたる。
アニリンブラック粒子分散アクリル樹脂溶液(Bk-2)をチタン炭化物粒子分散アクリル樹脂溶液(Bk-3)に変更した以外は黒色樹脂組成物3と同様にして黒色樹脂組成物4を調製した。
チタン窒化物粒子分散アクリル樹脂溶液(Bk-1) の重量を4.0質量部(チタン窒化物粒子:0.8質量部)、チタン炭化物粒子分散アクリル樹脂溶液(Bk-3)の重量を 24.0質量部(チタン炭化物粒子:4.80質量部)、透明粒子分散アクリル樹脂溶液(P-1)の量を1.4質量部(透明粒子:0.28質量部)、アクリル樹脂粉末のプロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート40.0質量%溶液を10.37質量部、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテートの添加量を75.21質量部にそれぞれ変更した以外は黒色樹脂組成物4と同様にして、黒色樹脂組成物5を調製した。チタン炭化物粒子分散アクリル樹脂溶液(Bk-3)に含まれるチタン炭化物粒子は他の黒色顔料粒子にあたる。
チタン炭化物粒子分散アクリル樹脂溶液(Bk-3)をカーボンブラック粒子分散アクリル樹脂溶液(Bk-4) に変更した以外は黒色樹脂組成物4と同様にして黒色樹脂組成物6を調製した。
上記得られた黒色樹脂組成物3~6を用いて、黒色樹脂組成物1と同様の方法で成膜し、黒色樹脂組成物3~6の膜を得た。実施例3は黒色樹脂組成物3、実施例4は黒色樹脂組成物4、実施例5は黒色樹脂組成物5、実施例6は黒色樹脂組成物6をそれぞれ用いた。実施例1と同様にして単位膜厚当たりのOD値、反射率、反射色度、および体積抵抗率を求めた。
[黒色樹脂組成物7の調製]
チタン炭化物粒子分散アクリル樹脂溶液(Bk-3) 7.0質量部(チタン炭化物粒子:1.40質量部)、カーボンブラック粒子分散アクリル樹脂溶液(Bk-4) 2.50質量部(カーボンブラック粒子:0.50質量部)に変更した以外は黒色樹脂組成物6と同様にして黒色樹脂組成物7を調製した。チタン炭化物粒子分散アクリル樹脂溶液(Bk-3)に含まれるチタン炭化物粒子は他の黒色顔料粒子にあたり、カーボンブラック粒子分散アクリル樹脂溶液(Bk-4)に含まれるカーボンブラック粒子は別の黒色顔料粒子にあたる。
チタン炭化物粒子分散アクリル樹脂溶液(Bk-3)の量を 2.50質量部(チタン炭化物粒子:0.50質量部)に、カーボンブラック粒子分散アクリル樹脂溶液(Bk-4)の量を7.0質量部(カーボンブラック粒子:1.40質量部)に変更した以外は黒色樹脂組成物7と同様にして、黒色樹脂組成物8を調製した。
チタン炭化物粒子分散アクリル樹脂溶液(Bk-3)の量を 4.70質量部(チタン炭化物粒子:0.94質量部)に、カーボンブラック粒子分散アクリル樹脂溶液(Bk-4)の量を4.80質量部(カーボンブラック粒子:0.96質量部)に変更した以外は黒色樹脂組成物7と同様にして、黒色樹脂組成物9を調製した。尚、黒色樹脂組成物7~9のように3種類以上の黒色顔料粒子分散アクリル樹脂溶液を混合する場合も同様に、所定量秤量したチタン窒化物粒子分散アクリル樹脂溶液(Bk-1)を常に100rpmで攪拌しながら、他の黒色顔料粒子であるチタン炭化物粒子を含むチタン炭化物分散アクリル樹脂溶液(Bk-3)、別の黒色顔料粒子であるカーボンブラック粒子を含むカーボンブラック粒子分散アクリル樹脂溶液(Bk-4)、透明粒子分散アクリル樹脂溶液(P-1)および前記樹脂希釈液の順に所定の量をギアポンプ(西山製作所製)を用いて50g/minの速度で少量ずつ添加することでチタン窒化物粒子分散アクリル樹脂溶液(Bk-1)および、チタン炭化物粒子分散アクリル樹脂溶液(Bk-3)やカーボンブラック粒子分散アクリル樹脂溶液(Bk-4)で得られた平均二次粒径が変化しないよう混合し、全ての構成物を混合した後、室温23℃で1時間攪拌した。
上記得られた黒色樹脂組成物7~9を用いて、黒色樹脂組成物1と同様の方法で成膜し、黒色樹脂組成物7~9の膜を得た。実施例7は黒色樹脂組成物7、実施例8は黒色樹脂組成物8、実施例9は黒色樹脂組成物9をそれぞれ用いた。実施例1と同様にして単位膜厚当たりのOD値、反射率、反射色度、および体積抵抗率を求めた。実施例7では、チタン窒化物粒子の他の黒色顔料粒子であるチタン炭化物粒子の質量の比率が別の黒色顔料粒子であるカーボンブラック粒子の質量の比率よりも高く、反射率、OD値、反射色度、体積抵抗率ともに実施例4と同様になった。また実施例8ではチタン窒化物粒子の他の黒色顔料粒子であるカーボンブラック粒子の比率が別の黒色顔料粒子であるチタン炭化物粒子の質量の比率よりも高く、反射率、反射色度、体積抵抗率ともに実施例6と同様になった。チタン窒化物粒子の56%の平均二次粒径であるカーボンブラック粒子と、チタン窒化物粒子の67%の平均二次粒径であるチタン炭化物粒子を組合せて、かつカーボンブラック粒子の比率が高いことで、OD値は3.40(S判定)と極めて高い遮光性を得た。実施例9では、チタン窒化物粒子の他の黒色顔料粒子であるチタン炭化物粒子と、別の黒色顔料粒子であるカーボンブラック粒子の質量の比率が近くなることにより、実施例4対比で反射率が悪化することなく、OD値3.00(A判定)と非常に高い遮光性を得た。また、反射色度a*の値は、チタン炭化物粒子とカーボンブラック粒子とを併用添加することにより、a*=0.4(A判定)と赤みがかなり緩和された色相になった。体積抵抗率は1.0×1011Ω・cm(B判定)と十分高い電気抵抗特性を示した。
[黒色樹脂組成物10の調製]
透明粒子分散液を透明粒子分散アクリル樹脂溶液(P-2)に変更した以外は黒色樹脂組成物9と同様にして黒色樹脂組成物10を調製した。
上記得られた黒色樹脂組成物10を用いて、黒色樹脂組成物1と同様の方法で成膜し、黒色樹脂組成物10の膜を得た。実施例1と同様にして単位膜厚当たりのOD値、反射率および反射色度、体積抵抗率を求めた。実施例10では、透明粒子の平均二次粒径が15nmと、黒色顔料粒子対比十分に小さくすることで、透明粒子添加によるOD減少を抑制しながら、反射率が5.15%(C判定)まで更に低下した。体積抵抗率は、実施例9と同様になった。
[黒色樹脂組成物11の調製]
透明粒子分散液を透明粒子分散アクリル樹脂溶液(P-3)に変更した以外は黒色樹脂組成物9と同様にして黒色樹脂組成物11を調製した。
上記得られた黒色樹脂組成物11を用いて、黒色樹脂組成物1と同様の方法で成膜し、黒色樹脂組成物11の膜を得た。実施例1と同様にして単位膜厚当たりのOD値、反射率、反射色度、および体積抵抗率を求めた。実施例11では、透明粒子としてシリカ微粒子を適用することにより、OD値3.00(A判定)の高い遮光性を維持したまま、反射率が5.08%(B判定)に低下した。体積抵抗率は、実施例9と同様になった。ガラスと近い屈折率を有し、形状が精度よく制御されたシリカを適用することで反射率がさらに改善した。
[黒色樹脂組成物12の調製]
チタン窒化物粒子分散ポリアミック酸溶液(Bk-5) 38.50質量部(チタン窒化物粒子:3.70質量部)、チタン炭化物粒子分散ポリアミック酸溶液(Bk-6) 9.8質量部(チタン炭化物粒子:0.94質量部)、カーボンブラック粒子分散ポリアミック酸溶液(Bk-7) 10.0質量部(カーボンブラック粒子:0.96質量部)、前記透明粒子分散ポリアミック酸溶液(P-4)16.70質量部(透明粒子:1.60質量部)、ポリアミック酸溶液(A-1)を12.46質量部、N-メチル-2ピロリドン142.40質量部をそれぞれ全量混合することにより黒色樹脂組成物12を調製した。
上記得られた黒色樹脂組成物12を用いて、黒色樹脂組成物1と同様の方法で成膜し、黒色樹脂組成物12の膜を得た。実施例1と同様にして単位膜厚当たりのOD値、反射率、反射色度、および体積抵抗率を求めた。得られたOD値は3.05(A判定)と良好な遮光性能であった。また、得られた反射率の値は4.90%(A判定)と極めて良好な低反射性能となった。また、得られた反射色度a*の値は0.4(A判定)とニュートラルな色相であった。体積抵抗率は、実施例9と同様になった。
[黒色樹脂組成物13の調製]
遮光材粒子分散液をチタン窒化物粒子分散アクリル樹脂溶液(Bk-8)に変更した以外は黒色樹脂組成物2と同様にして黒色樹脂組成物13を調製した。
遮光材粒子分散液をチタン窒化物粒子分散アクリル樹脂溶液(Bk-9)に変更した以外は黒色樹脂組成物2と同様にして黒色樹脂組成物14を調製した。
透明粒子分散アクリル樹脂溶液(P-1)の量を28.0質量部(透明粒子:5.60質量部)に変更し、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエテーテルアセテートの添加量を102.75質量部にそれぞれ変更した以外は黒色樹脂組成物2と同様にして、黒色樹脂組成物15を調製した。
透明明粒子分散アクリル樹脂溶液(P-1)の量を1.40質量部(透明粒子:0.28質量部)に変更し、アクリル樹脂粉末のプロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート40.0質量%溶液の添加量を10.37質量部、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテートを75.21質量部にそれぞれ変更した以外は黒色樹脂組成物1と同様にして、黒色樹脂組成物16を調製した。
上記得られた黒色樹脂組成物13~16を用いて、黒色樹脂組成物1と同様の方法で成膜し、黒色樹脂組成物13~16の膜を得た。比較例1は黒色樹脂組成物13、比較例2は黒色樹脂組成物14、比較例3は黒色樹脂組成物15、比較例4は黒色樹脂組成物16をそれぞれ用いた。実施例1と同様にして単位膜厚当たりのOD値、反射率、反射色度、および体積抵抗率を求めた。
1a チタン窒化物粒子
1b 他の黒色顔料粒子
1c 別の黒色顔料粒子
2 透明粒子
3 樹脂
5 基材
10 黒色樹脂組成物の層
Claims (12)
- 遮光材、透明粒子、樹脂および溶媒を含み、前記遮光材がチタン窒化物粒子を含有し、前記チタン窒化物粒子の質量が前記透明粒子の質量の1.3~15倍であり、前記チタン窒化物粒子の平均二次粒径が160~220nmである黒色樹脂組成物。
- 前記チタン窒化物粒子の質量が前記透明粒子の質量の2.0~4.8倍である請求項1に記載の黒色樹脂組成物。
- 前記遮光材がさらに他の黒色顔料粒子を含有し、前記他の黒色顔料粒子の平均二次粒径が前記チタン窒化物粒子の平均二次粒径の20~80%である請求項1または請求項2に記載の黒色樹脂組成物。
- 前記他の黒色顔料粒子がチタン炭化物粒子を含有し、かつ前記チタン炭化物粒子の質量が前記チタン窒化物粒子の質量の0.1~0.8倍である請求項3に記載の黒色樹脂組成物。
- 前記他の黒色顔料粒子がチタン炭化物粒子を含有し、かつ前記チタン炭化物粒子の質量が前記チタン窒化物粒子の質量の4.5~49倍である請求項3に記載の黒色樹脂組成物。
- 前記他の黒色顔料粒子がカーボンブラックを含有し、かつ前記カーボンブラックの質量が前記チタン窒化物粒子の質量の0.1~0.8倍である請求項3に記載の黒色樹脂組成物。
- 前記他の黒色顔料粒子がチタン炭化物粒子およびカーボンブラックを含有し、前記カーボンブラックの質量が前記チタン炭化物粒子の質量の0.5~2.0倍である請求項3に記載の黒色樹脂組成物。
- 前記透明粒子の平均一次粒径が5~30nmである請求項1または請求項2に記載の黒色樹脂組成物。
- 前記透明粒子がシリカ粒子である請求項1または請求項2に記載の黒色樹脂組成物。
- 前記樹脂がテトラカルボン酸二無水物残基およびジアミン残基を有する繰り返し単位を有するポリアミック酸を含む請求項1または請求項2に記載の黒色樹脂組成物。
- 透明基板および前記透明基板上に形成された請求項1または請求項2に記載の黒色樹脂組成物の硬化膜を含むブラックマトリックス基板であって、前記硬化膜の光学濃度(OD値)が膜厚1.0μmあたり2.4~4.5であり、反射色a*値が0.1~3.0であり、前記透明基板の反射率が4.5%~5.5%であるブラックマトリックス基板。
- 前記請求項11に記載のブラックマトリックス基板を有する表示装置。
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JPH09286633A (ja) * | 1996-04-22 | 1997-11-04 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd | 着色フレーク状ガラス、その製造方法及びそれを配合した化粧料 |
JP2001242492A (ja) * | 1999-12-21 | 2001-09-07 | Ricoh Co Ltd | 電気泳動表示用表示液、表示粒子、表示媒体、表示装置及び表示体 |
JP2002285007A (ja) * | 2001-03-27 | 2002-10-03 | Dainippon Printing Co Ltd | 黒色樹脂組成物、黒色被膜、ブラックマトリックス基板および黒色樹脂組成物の製造方法 |
WO2014136738A1 (ja) * | 2013-03-07 | 2014-09-12 | 東レ株式会社 | ブラックマトリクス基板 |
JP2018083730A (ja) * | 2016-11-22 | 2018-05-31 | 三菱マテリアル電子化成株式会社 | 黒色膜形成用混合粉末及びその製造方法 |
JP2019151786A (ja) * | 2018-03-06 | 2019-09-12 | 東レ・ファインケミカル株式会社 | 黒色顔料分散液 |
WO2020203080A1 (ja) * | 2019-03-29 | 2020-10-08 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 組成物、遮光膜、カラーフィルタ、光学素子、センサ、固体撮像素子、ヘッドライトユニット |
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- 2023-04-20 CN CN202380023918.5A patent/CN118765312A/zh active Pending
- 2023-04-26 TW TW112115629A patent/TW202407057A/zh unknown
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JPH09286633A (ja) * | 1996-04-22 | 1997-11-04 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd | 着色フレーク状ガラス、その製造方法及びそれを配合した化粧料 |
JP2001242492A (ja) * | 1999-12-21 | 2001-09-07 | Ricoh Co Ltd | 電気泳動表示用表示液、表示粒子、表示媒体、表示装置及び表示体 |
JP2002285007A (ja) * | 2001-03-27 | 2002-10-03 | Dainippon Printing Co Ltd | 黒色樹脂組成物、黒色被膜、ブラックマトリックス基板および黒色樹脂組成物の製造方法 |
WO2014136738A1 (ja) * | 2013-03-07 | 2014-09-12 | 東レ株式会社 | ブラックマトリクス基板 |
JP2018083730A (ja) * | 2016-11-22 | 2018-05-31 | 三菱マテリアル電子化成株式会社 | 黒色膜形成用混合粉末及びその製造方法 |
JP2019151786A (ja) * | 2018-03-06 | 2019-09-12 | 東レ・ファインケミカル株式会社 | 黒色顔料分散液 |
WO2020203080A1 (ja) * | 2019-03-29 | 2020-10-08 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 組成物、遮光膜、カラーフィルタ、光学素子、センサ、固体撮像素子、ヘッドライトユニット |
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