WO2023190020A1 - 活性エステル樹脂 - Google Patents
活性エステル樹脂 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023190020A1 WO2023190020A1 PCT/JP2023/011468 JP2023011468W WO2023190020A1 WO 2023190020 A1 WO2023190020 A1 WO 2023190020A1 JP 2023011468 W JP2023011468 W JP 2023011468W WO 2023190020 A1 WO2023190020 A1 WO 2023190020A1
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- group
- resin
- aromatic
- active ester
- resin composition
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- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/91—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/38—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising epoxy resins
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- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/02—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/12—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/16—Dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
- C08G63/18—Dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds the acids or hydroxy compounds containing carbocyclic rings
- C08G63/19—Hydroxy compounds containing aromatic rings
- C08G63/193—Hydroxy compounds containing aromatic rings containing two or more aromatic rings
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- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
- C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
- C08G59/40—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the curing agents used
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- C08G63/02—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/12—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/16—Dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
- C08G63/18—Dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds the acids or hydroxy compounds containing carbocyclic rings
- C08G63/181—Acids containing aromatic rings
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- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/02—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/12—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/16—Dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
- C08G63/18—Dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds the acids or hydroxy compounds containing carbocyclic rings
- C08G63/19—Hydroxy compounds containing aromatic rings
- C08G63/193—Hydroxy compounds containing aromatic rings containing two or more aromatic rings
- C08G63/197—Hydroxy compounds containing aromatic rings containing two or more aromatic rings containing condensed aromatic rings
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- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
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- C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
- C08J7/04—Coating
- C08J7/042—Coating with two or more layers, where at least one layer of a composition contains a polymer binder
- C08J7/0423—Coating with two or more layers, where at least one layer of a composition contains a polymer binder with at least one layer of inorganic material and at least one layer of a composition containing a polymer binder
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- C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L67/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
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- C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L67/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
- C08L67/03—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds the dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds having the carboxyl- and the hydroxy groups directly linked to aromatic rings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K1/00—Printed circuits
- H05K1/02—Details
- H05K1/03—Use of materials for the substrate
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- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K1/00—Printed circuits
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- H05K1/0313—Organic insulating material
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2150/00—Compositions for coatings
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- C08J2367/00—Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2367/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
- C08J2367/03—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds the dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds having the hydroxy and the carboxyl groups directly linked to aromatic rings
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- C08J2463/00—Characterised by the use of epoxy resins; Derivatives of epoxy resins
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- C08L2203/00—Applications
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- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
- C08L2205/025—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group containing two or more polymers of the same hierarchy C08L, and differing only in parameters such as density, comonomer content, molecular weight, structure
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- C09D167/00—Coating compositions based on polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D167/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
- C09D167/03—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds the dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds having the carboxyl - and the hydroxy groups directly linked to aromatic rings
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- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/20—Diluents or solvents
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- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
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- C09D7/60—Additives non-macromolecular
- C09D7/63—Additives non-macromolecular organic
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/02—Containers; Seals
- H01L23/10—Containers; Seals characterised by the material or arrangement of seals between parts, e.g. between cap and base of the container or between leads and walls of the container
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/28—Encapsulations, e.g. encapsulating layers, coatings, e.g. for protection
- H01L23/29—Encapsulations, e.g. encapsulating layers, coatings, e.g. for protection characterised by the material, e.g. carbon
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- H05K1/00—Printed circuits
- H05K1/02—Details
- H05K1/0213—Electrical arrangements not otherwise provided for
- H05K1/0254—High voltage adaptations; Electrical insulation details; Overvoltage or electrostatic discharge protection ; Arrangements for regulating voltages or for using plural voltages
- H05K1/0256—Electrical insulation details, e.g. around high voltage areas
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- H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
- H05K2201/01—Dielectrics
- H05K2201/0137—Materials
- H05K2201/0145—Polyester, e.g. polyethylene terephthalate [PET], polyethylene naphthalate [PEN]
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a novel active ester resin and a method for producing the same.
- the present invention also relates to a resin crosslinking agent, a resin composition, a cured product, a sheet-like laminate material, a resin sheet, a printed wiring board, a semiconductor chip package, and a semiconductor device obtained using the above-mentioned active ester resin.
- Resin compositions containing crosslinkable resins such as epoxy resins and their crosslinking agents can be used for electronic components such as semiconductor chip packages and printed wiring boards because they can yield cured products with excellent properties such as insulation. It has been widely used as a material.
- Patent Documents 1 to 4 disclose resin compositions containing active ester resins.
- the resin compositions containing conventional active ester resins described in Patent Documents 1 to 4 have excellent dielectric loss tangents in a normal temperature environment compared to resin compositions containing other crosslinking agents such as phenolic crosslinking agents. be able to.
- conventional active ester resins have not been able to achieve a sufficiently satisfactory level of dielectric loss tangent in a high temperature environment of, for example, 90°C.
- electronic components generate heat and reach high temperatures during operation, so from the viewpoint of suppressing transmission loss during operation, it is desired to develop an active ester resin that can achieve a low dielectric loss tangent in a high-temperature environment.
- the present invention was created in view of the above-mentioned problems, and provides an active ester resin that can achieve an excellent dielectric loss tangent in a high-temperature environment, a method for producing the same, a resin crosslinking agent and a resin composition containing the same, and a resin composition thereof.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a cured product, a sheet-like laminate material, a resin sheet, a printed wiring board, a semiconductor chip package, and a semiconductor device that can be obtained by using the present invention.
- the present invention includes the following.
- the groups ArA each independently represent a monovalent organic group containing at least one aromatic ring
- the groups Ar B each independently represent a divalent organic group containing at least one aromatic ring
- the groups Ar C each independently represent a divalent organic group containing at least one aromatic ring
- At least one organic group among the organic group Ar A , the organic group Ar B and the organic group Ar C contains an ⁇ -methylbenzyl group, n represents a number greater than 0.
- (X1) aromatic polyhydric hydroxy compound containing (X1-1) modified aromatic polyhydric hydroxy compound containing ⁇ -methylbenzyl group, and (X2) aromatic carboxylic acid compound or aromatic carboxylic acid halide The active ester resin according to any one of [1] to [8], which is a condensation reaction product of a compound and (X3) an aromatic monohydroxy compound.
- a resin crosslinking agent comprising the active ester resin according to any one of [1] to [9].
- a resin composition comprising the active ester resin according to any one of [1] to [9] and a crosslinkable resin.
- [18] Comprising a support and a resin composition layer formed on the support, A resin sheet, wherein the resin composition layer contains the resin composition according to any one of [12] to [15].
- a printed wiring board comprising an insulating layer containing a cured product of the resin composition according to any one of [12] to [15].
- a semiconductor chip package comprising a sealing layer containing a cured product of the resin composition according to any one of [12] to [15].
- the semiconductor chip package according to [20] which is a fan-out type package.
- a semiconductor device comprising the printed wiring board according to [19].
- [23] A semiconductor device comprising the semiconductor chip package according to [20] or [21].
- an active ester resin that can achieve an excellent dielectric loss tangent in a high-temperature environment, a method for producing the same, a resin crosslinking agent and a resin composition containing the same, and a cured product and sheet obtained using the resin composition.
- the present invention can provide laminated materials, resin sheets, printed wiring boards, semiconductor chip packages, and semiconductor devices.
- substituted means a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an alkapolyenyl group, a cycloalkyl group, a cycloalkenyl group, an alkoxy group, a cycloalkyloxy group, unless otherwise specified.
- aryl group aryloxy group, arylalkyl group, arylalkoxy group, monovalent heterocyclic group, alkylidene group, amino group, silyl group, acyl group, acyloxy group, carboxy group, sulfo group, cyano group, nitro group , means a hydroxy group, a mercapto group and an oxo group.
- Groups containing only carbon and hydrogen such as alkyl groups, alkenyl groups, alkynyl groups, alkapolyenyl groups, cycloalkyl groups, cycloalkenyl groups, aryl groups, arylalkyl groups, and alkylidene groups, are collectively referred to as "carbonized” groups. Sometimes referred to as a hydrogen group. Furthermore, aliphatic hydrocarbon groups having unsaturated bonds such as alkenyl groups, alkynyl groups, alkapolyenyl groups, and cycloalkenyl groups are sometimes collectively referred to as "unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon groups.”
- substituents may further have a substituent (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "secondary substituent").
- secondary substituent As the secondary substituent, unless otherwise specified, the same substituents as those described above may be used.
- examples of the halogen atom include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom.
- an alkyl group may be linear or branched.
- the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group is preferably 1 to 20, more preferably 1 to 14, even more preferably 1 to 12, even more preferably 1 to 6, particularly preferably 1 to 3.
- Examples of the alkyl group include methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, isopropyl group, butyl group, sec-butyl group, isobutyl group, tert-butyl group, pentyl group, hexyl group, heptyl group, octyl group, and nonyl group. , and decyl group.
- an alkenyl group may be linear or branched.
- the alkenyl group preferably has 2 to 20 carbon atoms, more preferably 2 to 14 carbon atoms, still more preferably 2 to 12 carbon atoms, even more preferably 2 to 6 carbon atoms, particularly preferably 2 or 3 carbon atoms.
- Examples of the alkenyl group include vinyl group, allyl group, 1-propenyl group, butenyl group, sec-butenyl group, isobutenyl group, tert-butenyl group, pentenyl group, hexenyl group, heptenyl group, octenyl group, nonenyl group, and a decenyl group.
- an alkynyl group may be linear or branched.
- the number of carbon atoms in the alkynyl group is preferably 2 to 20, more preferably 2 to 14, still more preferably 2 to 12, even more preferably 2 to 6, particularly preferably 2 or 3.
- Examples of the alkynyl group include ethynyl group, propynyl group, butynyl group, sec-butynyl group, isobutynyl group, tert-butynyl group, pentynyl group, hexynyl group, heptynyl group, octynyl group, nonynyl group, and decynyl group. It will be done.
- the alkapolyenyl group may be linear or branched, and the number of double bonds is preferably 2 to 10, more preferably 2 to 6, More preferably 2 to 4, even more preferably 2.
- the alkapolyenyl group preferably has 3 to 20 carbon atoms, more preferably 3 to 14 carbon atoms, still more preferably 3 to 12 carbon atoms, and even more preferably 3 to 6 carbon atoms.
- the number of carbon atoms in the cycloalkyl group is preferably 3 to 20, more preferably 3 to 12, and even more preferably 3 to 6.
- the cycloalkyl group include a cyclopropyl group, a cyclobutyl group, a cyclopentyl group, and a cyclohexyl group.
- the number of carbon atoms in the cycloalkenyl group is preferably 3 to 20, more preferably 3 to 12, and even more preferably 3 to 6.
- the cycloalkenyl group include a cyclopropenyl group, a cyclobutenyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, and a cyclohexenyl group.
- an alkoxy group may be either linear or branched.
- the alkoxy group preferably has 1 to 20 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and even more preferably 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- Examples of the alkoxy group include methoxy group, ethoxy group, propyloxy group, isopropyloxy group, butoxy group, sec-butoxy group, isobutoxy group, tert-butoxy group, pentyloxy group, hexyloxy group, heptyloxy group, Examples include octyloxy, nonyloxy, and decyloxy groups.
- the number of carbon atoms in the cycloalkyloxy group is preferably 3 to 20, more preferably 3 to 12, and even more preferably 3 to 6.
- the cycloalkyloxy group include a cyclopropyloxy group, a cyclobutyloxy group, a cyclopentyloxy group, and a cyclohexyloxy group.
- an aryl group is a group obtained by removing one hydrogen atom on an aromatic ring from an aromatic hydrocarbon.
- the number of carbon atoms in the aryl group is preferably 6 to 24, more preferably 6 to 18, still more preferably 6 to 14, even more preferably 6 to 10.
- Examples of the aryl group include a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, and an anthracenyl group.
- the number of carbon atoms in the aryloxy group is preferably 6 to 24, more preferably 6 to 18, still more preferably 6 to 14, and even more preferably 6 to 10.
- the aryloxy group include phenoxy group, 1-naphthyloxy group, and 2-naphthyloxy group.
- the number of carbon atoms in the arylalkyl group is preferably 7 to 25, more preferably 7 to 19, even more preferably 7 to 15, and even more preferably 7 to 11.
- the arylalkyl group include phenyl-C 1 -C 12 alkyl group, naphthyl-C 1 -C 12 alkyl group, and anthracenyl-C 1 -C 12 alkyl group.
- the number of carbon atoms in the arylalkoxy group is preferably 7 to 25, more preferably 7 to 19, still more preferably 7 to 15, and even more preferably 7 to 11.
- the arylalkoxy group include phenyl-C 1 -C 12 alkoxy group and naphthyl-C 1 -C 12 alkoxy group.
- a monovalent heterocyclic group refers to a group obtained by removing one hydrogen atom from the heterocycle of a heterocyclic compound.
- the monovalent heterocyclic group preferably has 3 to 21 carbon atoms, more preferably 3 to 15 carbon atoms, and even more preferably 3 to 9 carbon atoms.
- the monovalent heterocyclic group also includes a monovalent aromatic heterocyclic group (heteroaryl group).
- Examples of the monovalent heterocycle include a thienyl group, a pyrrolyl group, a furanyl group, a furyl group, a pyridyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a pyrimidyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a pyrrolidyl group, a piperidyl group, a quinolyl group, and an isoquinolyl group.
- a thienyl group a pyrrolyl group, a furanyl group, a furyl group
- a pyridyl group a pyridazinyl group
- a pyrimidyl group a pyrazinyl group
- triazinyl group a pyrrolidyl group
- piperidyl group a piperidyl group
- a quinolyl group a quinolyl group
- an alkylidene group refers to a group obtained by removing two hydrogen atoms from the same carbon atom of an alkane.
- the number of carbon atoms in the alkylidene group is preferably 1 to 20, more preferably 1 to 14, even more preferably 1 to 12, even more preferably 1 to 6, particularly preferably 1 to 3.
- alkylidene group examples include methylidene group, ethylidene group, propylidene group, isopropylidene group, butylidene group, sec-butylidene group, isobutylidene group, tert-butylidene group, pentylidene group, hexylidene group, heptylidene group, octylidene group, nonylidene group. group, and decylidene group.
- the alkyl group represented by R may be linear or branched.
- the aryl group represented by R include a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, and an anthracenyl group.
- the number of carbon atoms in the acyl group is preferably 2 to 20, more preferably 2 to 13, and still more preferably 2 to 7.
- Examples of the acyl group include an acetyl group, a propionyl group, a butyryl group, an isobutyryl group, a pivaloyl group, and a benzoyl group.
- the alkyl group represented by R may be linear or branched.
- the aryl group represented by R include a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, and an anthracenyl group.
- the number of carbon atoms in the acyloxy group is preferably 2 to 20, more preferably 2 to 13, and still more preferably 2 to 7.
- Examples of the acyloxy group include an acetoxy group, a propionyloxy group, a butyryloxy group, an isobutyryloxy group, a pivaloyloxy group, and a benzoyloxy group.
- the term "organic group” refers to a group containing at least a carbon atom as a skeletal atom, and may be linear, branched, or cyclic.
- the number of skeletal atoms of the organic group is preferably 1 to 3000, more preferably 1 to 1000, even more preferably 1 to 100, even more preferably 1 to 50, particularly preferably 1-30 or 1-20.
- the organic group include a group consisting of one or more skeleton atoms (including at least a carbon atom) selected from carbon atoms, oxygen atoms, nitrogen atoms, and sulfur atoms.
- hydrocarbon group refers to a group obtained by removing one or more hydrogen atoms from a hydrocarbon compound.
- a monovalent hydrocarbon group refers to a group obtained by removing one hydrogen atom from a hydrocarbon compound
- a divalent hydrocarbon group refers to a group obtained by removing two hydrogen atoms from a hydrocarbon compound.
- an aliphatic group containing only carbon atoms and hydrogen atoms may be referred to as an "aliphatic hydrocarbon group”
- an aromatic group containing only carbon atoms and hydrogen atoms may be referred to as an "aromatic hydrocarbon group”.
- the divalent hydrocarbon group include an alkylene group, a cycloalkylene group, an alkenylene group, a cycloalkenylene group, an alkapolyenylene group, and an arylene group.
- aliphatic group refers to a group obtained by removing one or more hydrogen atoms bonded to an aliphatic carbon of an aliphatic compound.
- a monovalent aliphatic group refers to a group in which one hydrogen atom bonded to an aliphatic carbon of an aliphatic compound is removed
- a divalent aliphatic group refers to a group in which one hydrogen atom bonded to an aliphatic carbon of an aliphatic compound is removed.
- Examples of the monovalent aliphatic group include an alkyl group that may have a substituent, a cycloalkyl group that may have a substituent, an alkenyl group that may have a substituent, and a substituent. a cycloalkenyl group which may have a substituent, an alkapolyenyl group which may have a substituent (the number of double bonds is preferably 2 to 10, more preferably 2 to 6, even more preferably 2 to 4) , and even more preferably 2).
- Examples of the divalent aliphatic group include an alkylene group that may have a substituent, a cycloalkylene group that may have a substituent, an alkenylene group that may have a substituent, and a substituent.
- the number of carbon atoms in the aliphatic group is preferably 1 or more, more preferably 2 or more, still more preferably 3 or more, 4 or more, 5 or more, or 6 or more, unless otherwise specified. It is 50 or less, more preferably 40 or less, even more preferably 30 or less, 20 or less, 18 or less, 16 or less, 14 or less, or 12 or less.
- the number of carbon atoms does not include the number of carbon atoms of substituents.
- aromatic group refers to a group obtained by removing one or more hydrogen atoms from the aromatic ring of an aromatic compound.
- a monovalent aromatic group refers to a group in which one hydrogen atom is removed from the aromatic ring of an aromatic compound
- divalent aromatic group refers to a group in which one hydrogen atom is removed from the aromatic ring of an aromatic compound.
- Examples of the monovalent aromatic group include an aryl group that may have a substituent and a heteroaryl group that may have a substituent
- examples of the divalent aromatic group include, for example, Examples include an arylene group that may have a substituent and a heteroarylene group that may have a substituent.
- the number of carbon atoms in the aromatic group is preferably 3 or more, more preferably 4 or more or 5 or more, even more preferably 6 or more, and the upper limit thereof is preferably 24 or less. , more preferably 18 or less or 14 or less, still more preferably 10 or less.
- the number of carbon atoms does not include the number of carbon atoms of substituents.
- aromatic ring refers to a ring according to Huckel's rule in which the number of electrons contained in the ⁇ -electron system on the ring is 4p+2 (p is a natural number), and includes a monocyclic aromatic ring, and 2 It includes a condensed polycyclic aromatic ring in which more than one monocyclic aromatic ring is condensed.
- An aromatic ring is an aromatic carbocycle having only carbon atoms as a ring constituent atom, or an aromatic heterocycle having a heteroatom such as an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom, or a sulfur atom in addition to a carbon atom as a ring constituent atom. obtain.
- the number of carbon atoms in the aromatic ring is preferably 3 or more, more preferably 4 or more or 5 or more, even more preferably 6 or more, and the upper limit thereof is preferably 24 or less, More preferably it is 18 or less or 14 or less, still more preferably 10 or less.
- the number of carbon atoms does not include the number of carbon atoms of substituents.
- aromatic rings include monocyclic rings such as benzene ring, furan ring, thiophene ring, pyrrole ring, pyrazole ring, oxazole ring, isoxazole ring, thiazole ring, imidazole ring, pyridine ring, pyridazine ring, pyrimidine ring, and pyrazine ring.
- Aromatic ring naphthalene ring, anthracene ring, phenanthrene ring, benzofuran ring, isobenzofuran ring, indole ring, isoindole ring, benzothiophene ring, benzimidazole ring, indazole ring, benzoxazole ring, benzisoxazole ring, benzothiazole ring , quinoline ring, isoquinoline ring, quinoxaline ring, acridine ring, quinazoline ring, cinnoline ring, and phthalazine ring.
- aromatic carbon a benzene ring, a naphthalene ring, and an anthracene ring are preferable, and a benzene ring and a naphthalene ring are particularly preferable.
- aromatic carbon carbon atoms constituting an aromatic ring are referred to as "aromatic carbon.”
- the active ester resin according to one embodiment of the present invention contains one or more ⁇ -methylbenzyl groups in one molecule.
- the number of ⁇ -methylbenzyl groups contained in one molecule of the active ester resin is usually 1 or more, and may be 2 or more, 4 or more, 6 or more, etc.
- the upper limit of the number of ⁇ -methylbenzyl groups contained in one molecule of the active ester resin is preferably 20 or less, more preferably 12 or less, particularly preferably 8 or less.
- the active ester resin contains a combination of molecules with different numbers of ⁇ -methylbenzyl groups in one molecule, the average number of ⁇ -methylbenzyl groups in one molecule of the active ester resin is within the above range. It is preferable that there be.
- Active ester resins usually have an ester bond directly bonded to an aromatic ring. This ester bond is sometimes called an "active ester group” because it can react with a functional group such as an epoxy group to form a bond.
- a resin composition containing a combination of the active ester resin according to the present embodiment and a crosslinkable resin such as an epoxy resin By curing a resin composition containing a combination of the active ester resin according to the present embodiment and a crosslinkable resin such as an epoxy resin, a cured product with a small dielectric loss tangent in a high temperature environment can be obtained.
- the present inventor conjectures the mechanism by which such an effect is obtained as follows.
- the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the following mechanism.
- the movement of molecules of the active ester resin is restricted.
- rotation of the aromatic ring is restricted.
- the methyl group contained in the ⁇ -methylbenzyl group greatly restricts the movement of molecules.
- a cured product of a resin composition containing a combination of an active ester resin and a crosslinkable resin according to the present embodiment can usually have excellent smear removability. Furthermore, a cured product of a resin composition containing a combination of an active ester resin and a crosslinkable resin according to the present embodiment can usually suppress haloing.
- the active ester resin according to one embodiment of the present invention usually contains one or more aromatic rings, preferably two or more, in addition to the benzene ring contained in the ⁇ -methylbenzyl group.
- the ⁇ -methylbenzyl group is preferably bonded to part or all of the aromatic ring. Therefore, the active ester resin preferably contains one or more aromatic rings to which ⁇ -methylbenzyl groups are bonded. At this time, it is preferable that the ⁇ -methylbenzyl group is directly bonded to the aromatic carbon contained in the aromatic ring.
- the aromatic ring to which the ⁇ -methylbenzyl group is bonded may be selected from the above-mentioned range, and aromatic carbocycles are particularly preferred. Further, the aromatic ring to which the ⁇ -methylbenzyl group is bonded may be a monocyclic aromatic ring or a fused polycyclic aromatic ring.
- the number of carbon atoms in the aromatic ring to which the ⁇ -methylbenzyl group is bonded is preferably 6 or more, preferably 14 or less, particularly preferably 10 or less. The number of carbon atoms in the aromatic ring does not include the number of carbon atoms in the ⁇ -methylbenzyl group.
- Preferred aromatic rings to which an ⁇ -methylbenzyl group is bonded include, for example, a benzene ring, a naphthalene ring, and an anthracene ring.
- the number of aromatic rings to which the ⁇ -methylbenzyl group is bonded may be one type or two or more types.
- the aromatic ring to which the ⁇ -methylbenzyl group is bonded may be bonded directly to one or more other aromatic rings via a single bond, or indirectly via an organic group. You may do so.
- organic groups include, for example, one or more atoms (for example, 1 to 3000, 1 to 1000, 1 to 100, 1 to 50) selected from carbon atoms, oxygen atoms, nitrogen atoms, and sulfur atoms. It can be an organic group consisting of backbone atoms. Such an organic group may have a halogen atom as a non-skeleton atom in addition to or in place of a hydrogen atom.
- Such organic groups may include linear structures, branched structures, and/or cyclic structures. This organic group may be an organic group that does not contain an aromatic ring or may be an organic group that contains an aromatic ring.
- the active ester resin may contain a polyaryleneoxy structure, and an ⁇ -methylbenzyl group may be bonded to some or all of the arylene groups contained in the polyaryleneoxy structure.
- an ⁇ -methylbenzyl group may be bonded to some or all of the arylene groups contained in the polyaryleneoxy structure.
- an average number of ⁇ -methylbenzyl groups be bonded within a specific range to one aromatic ring to which an ⁇ -methylbenzyl group is bonded.
- the average number of ⁇ -methylbenzyl groups bonded to the aromatic ring is sometimes referred to as the "average number of bonds.”
- the average number of bonds is determined by dividing the number of ⁇ -methylbenzyl groups bonded to the aromatic ring by the number of aromatic rings bonded to the ⁇ -methylbenzyl group.
- the range of the average number of bonds is usually 1 or more, preferably 6 or less, more preferably 4 or less, still more preferably 3 or less, particularly preferably 2 or less.
- an active ester group is bonded to the aromatic ring to which the ⁇ -methylbenzyl group is bonded. Therefore, it is preferable that a carbonyloxy group or an oxycarbonyl group be bonded to the aromatic ring to which the ⁇ -methylbenzyl group is bonded. Among these, it is particularly preferable that the oxygen atom of the active ester group is bonded to the aromatic ring to which the ⁇ -methylbenzyl group is bonded.
- the content of ⁇ -methylbenzyl groups contained in the active ester resin is preferably 1% by mass or more, more preferably 5% by mass or more, particularly preferably 10% by mass or more, and preferably 60% by mass or less, more preferably It is preferably 50% by mass or less, particularly preferably 45% by mass or less.
- the content of ⁇ -methylbenzyl groups can be adjusted within a desired range by those skilled in the art by adjusting the types of raw materials and reaction ratios in the production method described below.
- Preferred active ester resins include active ester resins containing a partial structure represented by the following formula (I). Therefore, preferred active ester resins include active ester resins that include a partial structure represented by the following formula (I) and that contain one or more ⁇ -methylbenzyl groups in one molecule.
- the groups Ar B each independently represent a divalent organic group containing at least one aromatic ring
- the groups Ar C each independently represent a divalent organic group containing at least one aromatic ring
- * represents a bond.
- the groups Ar B each independently represent a divalent organic group containing at least one aromatic ring.
- the aromatic ring contained in the organic group Ar B does not include the benzene ring contained in the ⁇ -methylbenzyl group.
- the aromatic ring contained in the organic group Ar B may be either a monocyclic aromatic ring or a condensed polycyclic aromatic ring in which two or more monocyclic aromatic rings are condensed. Further, the aromatic ring may be either an aromatic carbocycle or an aromatic heterocycle.
- the aromatic ring contained in the organic group Ar B is preferably an aromatic carbon ring.
- the number of carbon atoms in the aromatic carbon ring is preferably 6 to 14, more preferably 6 to 10. Therefore, in a preferred embodiment, the aromatic ring contained in the organic group Ar B is an aromatic carbocyclic ring having 6 to 14 carbon atoms.
- the aromatic ring contained in the organic group Ar B may have a substituent.
- substituents are as described above, but among them, from the viewpoint of significantly obtaining the desired effects of the present invention, one or more types selected from halogen atoms, hydrocarbon groups, and alkoxy groups are preferable, and hydrocarbon groups and alkoxy groups are preferred. One or more types selected from alkoxy groups are more preferred.
- one or more selected from a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms and an alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms is more preferable, and an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, More preferably, one or more selected from an aryl group, an arylalkyl group having 7 to 10 carbon atoms, an unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, and an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; Particularly preferred are aryl groups having 6 to 10 atoms.
- the unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group is preferably an alkenyl group or an alkynyl group, more preferably It is an alkenyl group, more preferably an allyl group.
- the organic group Ar B may contain an ⁇ -methylbenzyl group. Therefore, the hydrogen atoms of the organic group Ar B may not be substituted with an ⁇ -methylbenzyl group, and some or all of the hydrogen atoms of the organic group Ar B may be substituted with an ⁇ -methylbenzyl group.
- the organic group Ar B contains an ⁇ -methylbenzyl group
- the ⁇ -methylbenzyl group is preferably bonded to the aromatic ring contained in the organic group Ar B. Therefore, it is preferable that some or all of the hydrogen atoms in the aromatic ring contained in the organic group Ar B are substituted with an ⁇ -methylbenzyl group.
- the number of ⁇ -methylbenzyl groups bonded to one aromatic ring contained in the organic group Ar B is usually 1 or more, preferably 6 or less, more preferably 4 or less, particularly preferably 3. It is as follows.
- An active ester group is preferably bonded to the aromatic ring contained in the organic group Ar B and to which the ⁇ -methylbenzyl group is bonded. Therefore, the aromatic ring contained in the organic group Ar B and to which the ⁇ -methylbenzyl group is bonded is preferably bonded to the carbonyl group bonded to the organic group Ar B in formula (I).
- a preferred example of the organic group Ar B is an arylene group to which an ⁇ -methylbenzyl group may be bonded and which may have a substituent.
- the number of carbon atoms in the arylene group in the organic group Ar B is preferably 6 to 18, more preferably 6 to 14, and still more preferably 6 to 10. The number of carbon atoms does not include the number of carbon atoms of the ⁇ -methylbenzyl group and substituents.
- the organic group Ar B is a phenylene group to which an ⁇ -methylbenzyl group may be bonded and which may have a substituent, or a phenylene group to which an ⁇ -methylbenzyl group may be bonded and which may have a substituent. It is preferably a naphthylene group which may be Furthermore, it is particularly preferable that the organic group Ar B is a phenylene group to which an ⁇ -methylbenzyl group may be bonded and which may have a substituent.
- the groups Ar C each independently represent a divalent organic group containing at least one aromatic ring.
- the aromatic ring contained in the organic group Ar C does not include the benzene ring contained in the ⁇ -methylbenzyl group.
- the aromatic ring contained in the organic group Ar C may be either a monocyclic aromatic ring or a condensed polycyclic aromatic ring in which two or more monocyclic aromatic rings are condensed. Further, the aromatic ring may be either an aromatic carbocycle or an aromatic heterocycle.
- the organic group Ar C may contain two or more monocyclic aromatic rings or at least one fused polycyclic aromatic ring as an aromatic ring.
- the monocyclic aromatic ring and the fused polycyclic aromatic ring are as described above. Therefore, in a preferred embodiment, the organic groups Ar C each independently contain a divalent organic group containing two or more monocyclic aromatic rings, or at least one fused polycyclic aromatic ring. Indicates the divalent organic group contained.
- the aromatic ring contained in the organic group Ar C is preferably an aromatic carbon ring.
- the number of carbon atoms in the aromatic carbon ring is preferably 6 to 14, more preferably 6 to 10. Therefore, in one preferred embodiment, the aromatic ring contained in the organic group Ar 2 C is an aromatic carbocyclic ring having 6 to 14 carbon atoms.
- the organic group Ar C is a divalent organic group containing two or more monocyclic aromatic carbon rings, or at least one fused polycyclic group.
- the formula represents a divalent organic group containing an aromatic carbocycle.
- the number of carbon atoms per monocyclic aromatic carbocycle is preferably 6 (ie, benzene ring).
- the number of carbon atoms per fused polycyclic aromatic carbocycle is preferably 10 to 14 (eg, naphthalene ring, anthracene ring), and more preferably 10.
- the aromatic ring contained in the organic group Ar C may have a substituent.
- substituents are as described above.
- the substituents that the aromatic ring contained in the organic group Ar C may have are the substituents that the aromatic ring contained in the organic group Ar B may have. It is preferably selected from the same range as the group.
- the organic group Ar C is not particularly limited as long as it contains at least one of the above aromatic rings, and as mentioned above, it is a group containing at least a carbon atom as a skeleton atom, but preferably a carbon atom, an oxygen atom, or a nitrogen atom. It can be a divalent group consisting of one or more (preferably 1 to 100, 1 to 50, 1 to 30) skeleton atoms selected from , and sulfur atoms. Among these, from the viewpoint of significantly obtaining the desired effects of the present invention, it is particularly preferable that the organic group Ar 2 C contains only carbon atoms as skeleton atoms.
- the organic group Ar C is a divalent group containing two or more monocyclic aromatic carbocycles that may have substituents and only carbon atoms as skeleton atoms. , or a divalent group containing at least one fused polycyclic aromatic carbocycle which may have a substituent and only carbon atoms as skeleton atoms, where the substituent is carbon Alkyl group having 1 to 6 atoms, aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, arylalkyl group having 7 to 10 carbon atoms, unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, and 1 to 1 carbon atoms 6 alkoxy groups.
- Suitable values and ranges of the number of carbon atoms per monocyclic aromatic carbocycle and fused polycyclic aromatic carbocycle are as described above. Further, the preferable range of the number of skeleton atoms is as described above, and among them, 10 to 50 or 10 to 30 are preferable.
- the oxygen atom bonded to the organic group Ar C in formula (I) is bonded to the aromatic carbon of the organic group Ar C , that is, the carbon atom constituting the above aromatic ring. It is preferable that you do so.
- the organic group Ar 2 C may contain an ⁇ -methylbenzyl group. Therefore, the hydrogen atoms of the organic group Ar 2 C may not be substituted with an ⁇ -methylbenzyl group, and some or all of the hydrogen atoms of the organic group Ar 2 C may be substituted with an ⁇ -methylbenzyl group. From the viewpoint of significantly obtaining the desired effects of the present invention, it is preferable that the organic group Ar C contains an ⁇ -methylbenzyl group.
- the ⁇ -methylbenzyl group is preferably bonded to the aromatic ring contained in the organic group Ar 2 C. Therefore, it is preferable that some or all of the hydrogen atoms in the aromatic ring contained in the organic group Ar C are substituted with an ⁇ -methylbenzyl group.
- the number of ⁇ -methylbenzyl groups bonded to one aromatic ring contained in the organic group Ar C is usually 1 or more, preferably 6 or less, more preferably 4 or less, particularly preferably 3 It is as follows.
- An active ester group is preferably bonded to the aromatic ring contained in the organic group Ar C and to which the ⁇ -methylbenzyl group is bonded. Therefore, the aromatic ring contained in the organic group Ar 2 C and to which the ⁇ -methylbenzyl group is bonded is preferably bonded to the oxygen atom bonded to the organic group Ar 2 C in formula (I).
- organic group Ar C examples include groups represented by the following formula (C-1), formula (C-2) or formula (C-3).
- R c1 and R c4 are each independently a single bond, a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, an oxygen atom, a sulfonyl group, a carbonyl group, a carbonate group , and a divalent linking group selected from the group consisting of combinations thereof
- R c2 , R c3 and R c5 each independently represent a substituent
- mc1, mc2 and mc3 each independently represent a number from 0 to 4
- nc1, nc2 and nc3 each independently represent a number from 0 to 4 * indicates a bond.
- mc1+nc1 is 0 or more and 4 or less
- mc2+nc2 is 0 or more and 4 or less
- mc3+nc3 is 0 or more and 4 or less.
- Suitable examples of the substituent R c2 are as explained as the substituent that the aromatic ring contained in the organic group Ar C may have, and among them, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, One or more selected from an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, an arylalkyl group having 7 to 10 carbon atoms, an unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, and an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms preferable.
- mc1 each independently represents a number from 0 to 4, preferably from 1 to 3, more preferably from 1 to 2.
- nc1 each independently represents a number of 0 to 4, preferably 0 to 3, more preferably 0 to 2, and even more preferably 0 or 1.
- mc1+nc1 is 0 or more and 4 or less.
- R c1 is a single bond, a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, an oxygen atom, a sulfonyl group, a carbonyl group, a carbonate represents a divalent linking group selected from the group consisting of groups and combinations thereof.
- the number of carbon atoms in the divalent linking group represented by R c1 is preferably 1 to 30, more preferably 1 to 20 or 1 to 15.
- Examples of the divalent hydrocarbon group in R c1 include a divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group and a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon group, such as an alkylene group, a cycloalkylene group, an alkenylene group, a cycloalkenylene group, and an alkali group.
- Examples include polyenylene group (the number of double bonds is preferably 2 to 10, more preferably 2 to 6, still more preferably 2 to 4, even more preferably 2), arylene group, alkylene group, cycloalkylene group, etc. , an alkenylene group, a cycloalkenylene group, and an arylene group are preferable, and an alkylene group, a cycloalkylene group, and an arylene group are more preferable.
- the alkylene group in R c1 may be linear or branched, and the number of carbon atoms thereof is preferably 1 to 6, still more preferably 1 to 4 or 1 to 3. The number of carbon atoms does not include the number of carbon atoms of substituents.
- Examples of the alkylene group include a methylene group, an ethylene group, a propylene group, a butylene group, a pentylene group, and a hexylene group.
- the number of carbon atoms in the cycloalkylene group in R c1 is more preferably 3 to 10, 4 to 10, or 6 to 10.
- the number of carbon atoms does not include the number of carbon atoms of substituents.
- Examples of the cycloalkylene group include a cyclopropylene group, a cyclobutylene group, a cyclopentylene group, a cyclohexylene group, a decahydronaphthanylene group, a norbornanylene group, a dicyclopentanylene group, and an adamantanylene group.
- the alkenylene group in R c1 may be linear or branched, and the number of carbon atoms thereof is more preferably 2 to 6, and even more preferably 2 to 4. The number of carbon atoms does not include the number of carbon atoms of substituents.
- Examples of the alkenylene group include ethenylene group, propenylene group, butenylene group, pentenylene group, and hexenylene group.
- the number of carbon atoms in the cycloalkenylene group in R c1 is more preferably 3 to 10, 4 to 10, or 6 to 10.
- the number of carbon atoms does not include the number of carbon atoms of substituents.
- Examples of the cycloalkenylene group include a cyclopropenylene group, a cyclobutenylene group, a cyclopentenylene group, a cyclohexenylene group, and a norbornenylene group.
- the number of carbon atoms in the arylene group in R c1 is more preferably 6 to 10.
- the number of carbon atoms does not include the number of carbon atoms of substituents.
- Examples of the arylene group include a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, and an indandiyl group.
- the divalent linking group represented by R c1 is a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, or a combination thereof, and among them, an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, and an alkylene group having 6 to 6 carbon atoms which may have a substituent.
- cycloalkylene group an alkenylene group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, a cycloalkenylene group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, and a cycloalkenylene group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms which may have a substituent;
- the alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms which may have a substituent an arylene group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, or a combination thereof.
- Particularly preferred is a divalent group.
- Suitable examples of divalent groups consisting of a combination of hydrocarbon groups include C 1 -C 6 alkylene-C 6 -C 10 arylene-C 1 -C 6 alkylene group, C 1 -C 6 alkylene-C 6 - Examples include C 10 arylene-C 6 -C 10 arylene-C 1 -C 6 alkylene group.
- the preferable range of the number of carbon atoms of the constituent alkylene group and arylene group and that they may have a substituent group are as described above.
- the substituents that the divalent hydrocarbon group in R c1 may have are as described above.
- the substituent is preferably one or more selected from an alkyl group and an aryl group, and one or more selected from an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms. The above is more preferable.
- R c1 is a single bond, an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, a cycloalkylene group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, or a substituent Indicates an arylene group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, which may have , or a divalent group consisting of a combination thereof
- R c2 each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, an arylalkyl group having 7 to 10 carbon atoms, or an unsaturated aliphatic group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms.
- mc1 is each independently 1 or 2
- nc1 is each independently 0 or 1.
- R c1 is a single bond, an alkylene group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, a cycloalkylene group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, or a cycloalkylene group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms which may have a substituent; (C 1 to C 3 alkylene-C 6 to C 10 arylene-C 1 to C 3 alkylene) group, which may have a substituent (C 1 to C 3 alkylene- C 6 -C 10 arylene-C 6 -C 10 arylene-C 1 -C 3 alkylene) group, R c2 each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, an arylalkyl group having 7 to 10 carbon atoms, an allyl group, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms; Indicates the group, m
- R c1 is a single bond, an alkylene group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, or a substituent (C 1 to C 3 alkylene-C 6 to C 10 arylene- C 1 -C 3 alkylene) group, or (C 1 -C 3 alkylene-C 6 -C 10 arylene-C 6 -C 10 arylene-C 1 -C 3 alkylene) group which may have a substituent shows, R c2 each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, an arylalkyl group having 7 to 10 carbon atoms, an allyl group, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms; Indicates the group, mc1 is each independently 1 or 2, nc1 is each independently 0 or 1.
- one naphthalene ring is specified.
- This one naphthalene ring corresponds to the "aromatic ring" described above for the organic group Ar C. That is, the organic group Ar C represented by formula (C-2) is a divalent organic group containing at least one naphthalene ring.
- Suitable examples of the substituent R c3 are as explained as the substituent that the aromatic ring contained in the organic group Ar C may have, and among them, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, One or more selected from an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, an arylalkyl group having 7 to 10 carbon atoms, an unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, and an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms preferable.
- mc2 each independently represents a number from 0 to 4, preferably from 1 to 3, more preferably from 1 to 2.
- nc2 each independently represents a number of 0 to 4, preferably 0 to 3, more preferably 0 to 2, and even more preferably 0 or 1.
- mc2+nc2 is 0 or more and 4 or less.
- R c3 is each independently an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, an arylalkyl group having 7 to 10 carbon atoms, or an unsaturated aliphatic group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms.
- mc2 is each independently 1 or 2
- nc2 is each independently 0 or 1.
- R c3 each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, an arylalkyl group having 7 to 10 carbon atoms, an allyl group, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms; Indicates the group, mc2 is each independently 1 or 2, nc2 is each independently 0 or 1.
- Suitable examples of the substituent R c5 are as explained as the substituent that the aromatic ring contained in the organic group Ar C may have, and among them, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, One or more selected from an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, an arylalkyl group having 7 to 10 carbon atoms, an unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, and an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms preferable.
- mc3 each independently represents a number from 0 to 4, preferably from 1 to 3, more preferably from 1 to 2.
- nc3 each independently represents a number of 0 to 4, preferably 0 to 3, more preferably 0 to 2, and even more preferably 0 or 1.
- mc3+nc3 is 0 or more and 4 or less.
- R c4 is a single bond, a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, an oxygen atom, a sulfonyl group, a carbonyl group, a carbonate represents a divalent linking group selected from the group consisting of groups and combinations thereof.
- the number of carbon atoms in the divalent linking group represented by R c4 is preferably 1 to 20, more preferably 1 to 10 or 1 to 6.
- the divalent hydrocarbon group in R c4 is the same as the divalent hydrocarbon group in R c1 , including its preferred examples, and in particular, a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms which may have a substituent.
- An alkylene group or a cycloalkylene group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms which may have a substituent is preferred. Suitable examples of the substituent are also the same as the divalent hydrocarbon group in R C1 .
- R c4 represents a single bond, an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, or a cycloalkylene group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms which may have a substituent
- R c5 each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, an arylalkyl group having 7 to 10 carbon atoms, or an unsaturated aliphatic group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms.
- mc3 is each independently 1 or 2
- nc3 is each independently 0 or 1.
- R c4 represents a single bond or an alkylene group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms which may have a substituent
- R c5 each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, an arylalkyl group having 7 to 10 carbon atoms, an allyl group, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms
- Indicates the group mc3 is each independently 1 or 2
- nc3 is each independently 0 or 1.
- the organic group Ar C is preferably a divalent hydrocarbon group containing at least one aromatic ring.
- Preferred specific examples of the organic group Ar C include divalent groups represented by the following formulas (c-1) to (c-11).
- the divalent groups represented by formulas (c-1) to (c-8) correspond to the organic groups represented by formula (C-1) above, and the 2 groups represented by formula (c-9)
- the valent group corresponds to the organic group represented by (C-2) above
- the divalent group represented by formula (c-10) and formula (c-11) corresponds to the organic group represented by (C-3) above. corresponds to the organic group
- More preferable active ester resins include resins represented by the following formula (II).
- the groups ArA each independently represent a monovalent organic group containing at least one aromatic ring
- the groups Ar B each independently represent a divalent organic group containing at least one aromatic ring
- the groups Ar C each independently represent a divalent organic group containing at least one aromatic ring
- At least one organic group among the organic group Ar A , the organic group Ar B and the organic group Ar C contains an ⁇ -methylbenzyl group, n represents a number greater than 0.
- the groups Ar B are each independently the same as the groups Ar B in formula (I).
- the groups Ar C are each independently the same as the groups Ar C in formula (I).
- the groups Ar A each independently represent a monovalent organic group containing at least one aromatic ring.
- the aromatic ring contained in the organic group Ar A does not include the benzene ring contained in the ⁇ -methylbenzyl group.
- the aromatic ring contained in the organic group Ar A may be either a monocyclic aromatic ring or a condensed polycyclic aromatic ring in which two or more monocyclic aromatic rings are condensed. Further, the aromatic ring may be either an aromatic carbocycle or an aromatic heterocycle.
- the organic group Ar A may contain one or more monocyclic aromatic rings as an aromatic ring, or may contain at least one fused polycyclic aromatic ring.
- the monocyclic aromatic ring and the fused polycyclic aromatic ring are as described above. Therefore, in one embodiment, the organic group Ar A is each independently a monovalent organic group containing one or more monocyclic aromatic rings, or at least one fused polycyclic aromatic ring. can represent a monovalent organic group containing
- the aromatic ring contained in the organic group Ar A is preferably an aromatic carbon ring.
- the number of carbon atoms in this aromatic carbon ring is preferably 6 to 14, more preferably 6 to 10. Therefore, in one preferred embodiment, the aromatic ring contained in the organic group Ar A is an aromatic carbocyclic ring having 6 to 14 carbon atoms.
- the organic group Ar A is a monovalent organic group containing a monocyclic aromatic carbocycle, or a monovalent organic group containing a fused polycyclic aromatic carbocycle. Indicates a monovalent organic group.
- the number of carbon atoms per monocyclic aromatic carbocycle is preferably 6 (ie, benzene ring).
- the number of carbon atoms per fused polycyclic aromatic carbocycle is preferably 10 to 14 (eg, naphthalene ring, anthracene ring), and more preferably 10.
- the aromatic ring contained in the organic group Ar A may have a substituent.
- substituents are as described above.
- the substituents that the aromatic ring contained in the organic group Ar A may have are the substituents that the aromatic ring contained in the organic group Ar B may have. It is preferably selected from the same range as the group.
- the organic group Ar A is not particularly limited as long as it contains at least one of the above aromatic rings, and as mentioned above, it is a group containing at least a carbon atom as a skeletal atom, but preferably a carbon atom, an oxygen atom, or a nitrogen atom. It can be a monovalent group consisting of one or more (preferably 1 to 100, 1 to 50, 1 to 30) skeleton atoms selected from , and sulfur atoms. Among these, from the viewpoint of significantly obtaining the desired effects of the present invention, it is particularly preferable that the organic group ArA contains only carbon atoms as skeleton atoms.
- the organic group Ar A is a monovalent group containing a monocyclic aromatic carbocyclic ring which may have a substituent and containing only carbon atoms as skeleton atoms, or , represents a monovalent group containing a fused polycyclic aromatic carbocycle which may have a substituent and containing only carbon atoms as skeleton atoms, where the substituent has 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- One or more types are selected.
- Suitable values and ranges of the number of carbon atoms per monocyclic aromatic carbocycle and fused polycyclic aromatic carbocycle are as described above. Further, the preferable range of the number of skeleton atoms is as described above, and among them, 10 to 50 or 10 to 30 are preferable.
- the oxygen atom bonded to the organic group Ar A in formula (II) is bonded to the aromatic carbon of the organic group Ar A , that is, the carbon atom constituting the above aromatic ring. It is preferable that you do so.
- At least one organic group among the organic group Ar A , the organic group Ar B and the organic group Ar C contains an ⁇ -methylbenzyl group.
- the organic group Ar A may contain an ⁇ -methylbenzyl group. Therefore, the hydrogen atoms of the organic group Ar A may not be substituted with an ⁇ -methylbenzyl group, and some or all of the hydrogen atoms of the organic group Ar A may be substituted with an ⁇ -methylbenzyl group.
- the organic group Ar A contains an ⁇ -methylbenzyl group
- the ⁇ -methylbenzyl group is preferably bonded to the aromatic ring contained in the organic group Ar A. Therefore, it is preferable that some or all of the hydrogen atoms in the aromatic ring contained in the organic group Ar A are substituted with an ⁇ -methylbenzyl group.
- the number of ⁇ -methylbenzyl groups bonded to one aromatic ring contained in the organic group Ar A is usually 1 or more, preferably 6 or less, more preferably 4 or less, particularly preferably 3 It is as follows.
- An active ester group is preferably bonded to the aromatic ring contained in the organic group Ar A and to which the ⁇ -methylbenzyl group is bonded. Therefore, the aromatic ring contained in the organic group Ar A and to which the ⁇ -methylbenzyl group is bonded is preferably bonded to the oxygen atom bonded to the organic group Ar A in formula (II).
- Preferred examples of the organic group Ar A include an aryl group to which an ⁇ -methylbenzyl group may be bonded and which may have a substituent; A phenyl group which may be bonded with an ⁇ -methylbenzyl group and which may have a substituent, and a naphthyl group which may be bonded with an ⁇ -methylbenzyl group and which may have a substituent are preferred.
- organic group Ar A include organic groups represented by the following formulas (A-1) to (A-6).
- n represents a number greater than 0.
- n usually indicates the average value of the number of repetitions in formula (II).
- the specific range of n is usually larger than 0, preferably 0.2 or more, more preferably 0.3 or more, 0.5 or more, or 0.7 or more, still more preferably 0.8 or more, 0.9 or more. , 1.0 or more.
- the upper limit of n is preferably 10 or less, more preferably 8 or less, 6 or less, 5 or less, 4 or less, or 3 or less.
- n in formula (II) is a number satisfying 0 ⁇ n ⁇ 3.
- n may be an integer, for example 1, 2 or 3.
- the range of the number average molecular weight (Mn) of the active ester resin is preferably 10,000 or less, more preferably 5,000 or less, still more preferably 3,000 or less, particularly preferably 2,000 or less.
- the lower limit is not particularly limited as long as the active ester resin contains an ⁇ -methylbenzyl group, and may be, for example, 400 or more, 500 or more.
- the number average molecular weight of the resin can be measured as a value in terms of polystyrene by gel permeation chromatography (GPC).
- the active ester equivalent of the active ester resin is preferably 150 g/eq. Above, more preferably 180g/eq. Above, particularly preferably 200g/eq. or more, preferably 5000g/eq. Below, more preferably 2000g/eq. Below, more preferably 1000g/eq. Below, particularly preferably 500g/eq. It is as follows. Active ester equivalent weight represents the mass of resin containing 1 equivalent of active ester groups.
- (X1) an aromatic polyhydric hydroxy compound, (X2) an aromatic carboxylic acid compound or an aromatic carboxylic acid halide compound examples include a production method including an esterification step of reacting. In the production method according to this example, if necessary, an aromatic monohydroxy compound (X3) may be further reacted.
- the reaction of (X1) the aromatic polyhydric hydroxy compound, (X2) the aromatic carboxylic acid compound or the aromatic carboxylic acid halide compound, and (X3) the aromatic monohydroxy compound can proceed as a condensation reaction.
- any one or more of (X1) an aromatic polyhydric hydroxy compound, (X2) an aromatic carboxylic acid compound or an aromatic carboxylic acid halide compound, and (X3) an aromatic monohydroxy compound By using a compound containing an ⁇ -methylbenzyl group as the active ester resin according to an embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to produce an active ester resin according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Aromatic polyhydric hydroxy compound represents a compound containing an aromatic ring and two or more hydroxy groups. Preferably, the hydroxy group is directly bonded to the aromatic ring.
- Aromatic polyhydric hydroxy compounds include, for example, biphenol, bisphenol A, bisphenol F, bisphenol S, bisphenol AF, allylated bisphenol A, fluorene bisphenol, terpene diphenol, tetrabromo bisphenol A, 4,4'- Bisphenols such as biphenol, 2,2'-biphenol, 3,3',5,5'-tetramethyl-1,1'-biphenyl-4,4'-diol, phenol aralkyl bisphenol, dicyclopentadiene bisphenol, etc.
- Trisphenols such as tris-(4-hydroxyphenyl)methane; Tetrakisphenols such as 1,1,2,2-tetrakis(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethane; hydroquinone, resorcinol, catechol, 1,4-naphthalenediol , 1,6-naphthalenediol, 2,3-naphthalenediol, 2,6-naphthalenediol, and other aromatic ring diols; phenols (alkyl-substituted or unsubstituted phenol, alkyl-substituted or unsubstituted naphthol, alkyl-substituted or unsubstituted hydroquinone, alkyl-substituted or unsubstituted resorcinol, alkyl-substituted or unsubstituted naphthalene diol, etc.), formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, benz
- the method for producing an active ester resin includes (X1) modification in which an ⁇ -methylbenzyl group is introduced into the aromatic polyhydric hydroxy compound. It may include a process.
- the (X1) aromatic polyhydric hydroxy compound that does not contain an ⁇ -methylbenzyl group is sometimes referred to as "(X1-2) unmodified aromatic polyhydric hydroxy compound", and also the ⁇ -methylbenzyl group
- the aromatic polyhydric hydroxy compound (X1) containing the following may be referred to as "(X1-1) modified aromatic polyhydric hydroxy compound.”
- a (X1-1) modified aromatic polyhydric hydroxy compound can be obtained.
- acid catalysts include inorganic acids such as phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, and hydrochloric acid; organic acids such as oxalic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, toluenesulfonic acid, methanesulfonic acid, and fluoromethanesulfonic acid; aluminum chloride, zinc chloride, and dichloromethane.
- Friedel-Crafts catalysts such as ditin, ferric chloride, and diethyl sulfate.
- the amount of the acid catalyst to be used can be appropriately selected depending on the target amount of ⁇ -methylbenzyl group introduced.
- the amount of acid catalyst is 0.001 parts by mass to 10.0 parts by mass based on 100 parts by mass of the total amount of (X1-2) unmodified aromatic polyhydric hydroxy compound and styrene. parts, preferably from 0.01 parts to 7.0 parts by weight.
- the amount of acid catalyst is 0.2 mol to 3.0 mol, preferably 0.5 mol to 1 mol of (X1-2) unmodified aromatic polyhydroxy compound. It can be 2.0 moles.
- the reaction between the unmodified aromatic polyhydric hydroxy compound and styrene may be carried out without a solvent or in the presence of a solvent.
- a solvent for example, the same solvent used in the condensation reaction described below can be used.
- the reaction temperature is preferably 60°C to 180°C, more preferably 80°C to 160°C.
- the reaction time is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 hour to 100 hours.
- the acid catalyst can be removed by neutralization, washing with water, or decomposition, and the (X1-1) modified aromatic polyhydric hydroxy compound can be separated by common operations such as extraction and distillation.
- the neutralization treatment and water washing treatment may be performed according to a conventional method, and for example, a basic substance such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, ammonia, triethylenetetramine, or aniline may be used as a neutralizing agent.
- the polyvalent aromatic hydroxy compound (X1) is represented by the following formula: A compound represented by (X1-C) is preferred.
- the group Ar C is the same as the organic group Ar C in formula (I).
- aromatic carboxylic acid compound represents a compound containing an aromatic ring and a carboxyl group.
- the aromatic carboxylic acid compound may contain one carboxyl group in one molecule, but preferably contains two or more carboxyl groups in one molecule. It is particularly preferred that the compound contains two carboxyl groups. Moreover, it is preferable that the carboxyl group is directly bonded to the aromatic ring.
- aromatic carboxylic acid compounds include isophthalic acid which may have a substituent, terephthalic acid which may have a substituent, 2, which may have a substituent, Examples include 6-naphthalene dicarboxylic acid, 1,6-naphthalene dicarboxylic acid which may have a substituent, and 2,7-naphthalene dicarboxylic acid which may have a substituent.
- aromatic carboxylic acid halide compound represents the acid halide compound of the above-mentioned (X2-1) aromatic carboxylic acid compound.
- the aromatic carboxylic acid halide compound include isophthalic acid chloride, which may have a substituent, and terephthalic acid chloride, which may have a substituent.
- the aromatic carboxylic acid compound (X2-1) is as follows: A compound represented by formula (X2-B1) is preferred. Further, as the aromatic carboxylic acid halide compound (X2-2), a compound represented by the following formula (X2-B2) is preferable. In formulas (X2-B1) and (X2-B2), the group Ar B is the same as the organic group Ar B in formula (I). Furthermore, in formula (X2-B2), X represents a halogen atom.
- Aromatic monohydroxy compound represents a compound containing an aromatic ring and one hydroxy group. Preferably, the hydroxy group is directly bonded to the aromatic ring.
- Aromatic monohydroxy compounds include, for example, phenol, cresol, pt-butylphenol, 1-naphthol, 2-naphthol, ortho-phenylphenol, para-phenylphenol and the like.
- the method for producing an active ester resin includes a modification step of introducing an ⁇ -methylbenzyl group into the (X3) aromatic monohydroxy compound. May contain.
- the ⁇ -methylbenzyl group can be introduced into the aromatic monohydroxy compound (X3), for example, by a method comprising reacting the aromatic monohydroxy compound (X3) with styrene in the presence of an acid catalyst. This reaction can be carried out in the same manner as the reaction between (X1-2) unmodified aromatic polyhydric hydroxy compound and styrene.
- the aromatic monohydroxy compound (X3) is preferably a compound represented by the following formula (X3-A).
- the group Ar A is the same as the organic group Ar A in formula (II).
- condensation occurs between component (X2) and component (X1), and between component (X2) and (X3).
- degree of condensation between component (X2) and component (X1) can be adjusted, and the structure of the resulting active ester resin (for example, , the number of repetitions n) in formula (II) can be adjusted.
- the condensation reaction may proceed in a solvent-free system without using a solvent, or may proceed in an organic solvent system using an organic solvent.
- organic solvents used in the condensation reaction include ketone solvents such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, and cyclohexanone; acetate ester solvents such as ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, cellosolve acetate, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, and carbitol acetate.
- Carbitol solvents such as cellosolve and butyl carbitol
- Aromatic hydrocarbon solvents such as toluene and xylene
- Amide solvents such as N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone can be mentioned.
- One type of organic solvent may be used alone, or two or more types may be used in combination.
- a base may be used in the condensation reaction.
- the base include alkali metal hydroxides such as sodium hydroxide (caustic soda) and potassium hydroxide; tertiary amines such as triethylamine, pyridine, and N,N-dimethyl-4-aminopyridine (DMAP); etc. can be mentioned.
- alkali metal hydroxides such as sodium hydroxide (caustic soda) and potassium hydroxide
- tertiary amines such as triethylamine, pyridine, and N,N-dimethyl-4-aminopyridine (DMAP); etc.
- One type of base may be used alone, or two or more types may be used in combination.
- a condensing agent and a phase transfer catalyst may also be used in the condensation reaction. Any conventionally known materials that can be used in the esterification reaction may be used.
- the reaction temperature in the condensation reaction is not particularly limited as long as the condensation reaction proceeds, and may be in the range of 0°C to 80°C, for example. Further, the reaction time in the condensation reaction is not particularly limited as long as the desired structure of the active ester resin is achieved, and may be, for example, in the range of 30 minutes to 8 hours.
- the active ester resin may be purified after the condensation reaction. For example, after the condensation reaction, purification treatments such as water washing and microfiltration may be performed to remove by-product salts and excess starting materials from the system. Specifically, after the condensation reaction, an amount of water necessary to dissolve the by-product salt is mixed, and the mixture is allowed to stand still for liquid separation and the aqueous layer is discarded. Further, if necessary, add an acid to neutralize the mixture and repeat washing with water. Thereafter, the active ester resin can be obtained by performing a dehydration step using a chemical or azeotrope, performing precision filtration to remove impurities and purification, and then, if necessary, removing the organic solvent by distillation. The organic solvent may be used as a solvent for the resin composition without being completely removed.
- purification treatments such as water washing and microfiltration may be performed to remove by-product salts and excess starting materials from the system. Specifically, after the condensation reaction, an amount of water necessary to dissolve the by-product salt is mixed, and the mixture is allowed to stand still
- Examples include methods including: The esterification step can be performed in the same manner as the manufacturing method according to the first example. Further, the modification step can be performed in the same manner as the modification step of introducing an ⁇ -methylbenzyl group into the aromatic polyhydric hydroxy compound (X1) in the production method according to the first example.
- an active ester resin can be obtained by reacting a polyester resin with styrene in the presence of an acid catalyst to bond an ⁇ -methylbenzyl group to the aromatic ring of the polyester resin.
- the production method according to the first example is preferable, and the production method using the (X1) aromatic polyhydric hydroxy compound containing an ⁇ -methylbenzyl group is preferable. More preferred. Further, from the viewpoint of obtaining an active ester resin that can effectively improve the dielectric loss tangent in a high-temperature environment, a manufacturing method using an aromatic monohydroxy compound (X3) is particularly preferable.
- the method for producing an active ester resin includes (X1) an aromatic polyhydric hydroxy compound containing an ⁇ -methylbenzyl group (X1-1) modified aromatic polyhydric hydroxy compound; It is preferable to manufacture by a manufacturing method including a step of reacting (X2) an aromatic carboxylic acid compound or an aromatic carboxylic acid halide compound with (X3) an aromatic monohydroxy compound.
- the active ester resin includes (X1) an aromatic polyhydric hydroxy compound containing an ⁇ -methylbenzyl group-containing (X1-1) modified aromatic polyhydric hydroxy compound; It can be produced as a condensation reaction product of X2) an aromatic carboxylic acid compound or an aromatic carboxylic acid halide compound and (X3) an aromatic monohydroxy compound.
- the active ester resin according to this embodiment in combination with a crosslinkable resin, can provide a cured product that exhibits excellent dielectric properties in a high-temperature environment, and can achieve the low transmission loss required for 5G applications. Further, a cured product of a resin composition containing a combination of an active ester resin and a crosslinkable resin according to the present embodiment can usually have excellent smear removability. Furthermore, a cured product of a resin composition containing a combination of an active ester resin and a crosslinkable resin according to the present embodiment can usually suppress haloing. Therefore, in one preferred embodiment, the active ester resin described above can be suitably used as a resin crosslinking agent. For example, the active ester resin may be provided alone as a resin crosslinking agent, or may be provided as a resin crosslinking agent in the form of a solution mixed with an appropriate solvent.
- a resin composition can be manufactured using the above-mentioned active ester resin.
- a resin composition according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the above-described active ester resin and a crosslinkable resin.
- the type of crosslinkable resin is not particularly limited as long as it can be crosslinked in combination with the active ester resin.
- the crosslinkable resin is preferably one or more selected from the group consisting of thermosetting resins and radically polymerizable resins, from the viewpoint of being able to bring about particularly excellent effects in combination with the active ester resin.
- thermosetting resin and radically polymerizable resin known resins used for forming insulating layers of printed wiring boards or semiconductor chip packages may be used.
- thermosetting resins and radically polymerizable resins that can be used as crosslinkable resins will be explained.
- thermosetting resins include epoxy resin, benzocyclobutene resin, epoxy acrylate resin, urethane acrylate resin, urethane resin, cyanate resin, polyimide resin, benzoxazine resin, unsaturated polyester resin, phenol resin, melamine resin, and silicone.
- examples include resin, phenoxy resin, and the like.
- the thermosetting resins may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among these, from the viewpoint of significantly obtaining the effects of the present invention in combination with the active ester resin, the crosslinkable resin preferably contains an epoxy resin.
- the type of epoxy resin is not particularly limited as long as it has one or more (preferably two or more) epoxy groups in one molecule.
- the epoxy resin include bisphenol A epoxy resin, bisphenol F epoxy resin, bisphenol S epoxy resin, bisphenol AF epoxy resin, phenol novolak epoxy resin, tert-butyl-catechol epoxy resin, and naphthol epoxy resin.
- naphthalene type epoxy resin naphthylene ether type epoxy resin, glycidylamine type epoxy resin, glycidyl ester type epoxy resin, cresol novolac type epoxy resin, biphenyl type epoxy resin, phenol aralkyl type epoxy resin, biphenylaralkyl type epoxy resin, fluorene skeleton type epoxy resin, dicyclopentadiene type epoxy resin, anthracene type epoxy resin, linear aliphatic epoxy resin, epoxy resin with a butadiene structure, alicyclic epoxy resin, heterocyclic epoxy resin, spiro ring-containing epoxy resin, cyclohexane type epoxy resin Examples include methanol type epoxy resin, trimethylol type epoxy resin, and halogenated epoxy resin. According to the resin composition containing the above-mentioned active ester resin, a cured product exhibiting excellent dielectric properties in a high temperature environment can be obtained regardless of the type of epoxy resin.
- Epoxy resins include epoxy resins that are liquid at a temperature of 20°C (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “liquid epoxy resin”) and epoxy resins that are solid at a temperature of 20°C (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “solid epoxy resin”). It can be classified into The resin composition according to the present embodiment may contain only a liquid epoxy resin, only a solid epoxy resin, or a combination of a liquid epoxy resin and a solid epoxy resin. When containing a combination of liquid epoxy resin and solid epoxy resin, the blending ratio (liquid: solid) is in the range of 20:1 to 1:20 by mass (preferably 10:1 to 1:10, more preferably 3:1 to 1:3).
- the epoxy group equivalent of the epoxy resin is preferably 50 g/eq. ⁇ 2000g/eq. , more preferably 60g/eq. ⁇ 1000g/eq. , more preferably 80g/eq. ⁇ 500g/eq. It is.
- the epoxy group equivalent is the mass of an epoxy resin containing 1 equivalent of epoxy group, and can be measured according to JIS K7236.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the thermosetting resin such as epoxy resin is preferably 100 to 5,000, more preferably 250 to 3,000, and still more preferably 400 to 1,500.
- the weight average molecular weight Mw of the resin can be measured as a polystyrene equivalent value by GPC method.
- the type of radically polymerizable resin is not particularly limited as long as it has one or more (preferably two or more) radically polymerizable unsaturated groups in one molecule.
- the radically polymerizable resin includes, for example, one type of radically polymerizable unsaturated group selected from a maleimide group, a vinyl group, an allyl group, a styryl group, a vinylphenyl group, an acryloyl group, a methacryloyl group, a fumaroyl group, and a maleoyl group.
- examples include resins having the above. Among these, from the viewpoint of significantly obtaining the effects of the present invention, it is preferable that the crosslinkable resin contains one or more selected from maleimide resin, (meth)acrylic resin, and styryl resin.
- maleimide resin has one or more (preferably two or more) maleimide groups (2,5-dihydro-2,5-dioxo-1H-pyrrol-1-yl group) in one molecule, the type is not particularly limited.
- maleimide resins include "BMI-3000J,” “BMI-5000,” “BMI-1400,” “BMI-1500,” “BMI-1700,” and “BMI-689” (all manufactured by Digicner Molecules).
- a maleimide resin containing an aliphatic skeleton with 36 carbon atoms derived from dimer diamine such as "MIR- 3000-70MT” (manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.), “BMI-4000” (manufactured by Daiwa Kasei Co., Ltd.), and “BMI-80” (manufactured by KI Kasei Co., Ltd.), aromas that are directly bonded to the nitrogen atom of the maleimide group.
- Examples include maleimide resins containing a ring skeleton.
- the type of (meth)acrylic resin is not particularly limited as long as it has one or more (preferably two or more) (meth)acryloyl groups in one molecule, and it may be a monomer or an oligomer.
- (meth)acryloyl group is a general term for acryloyl group and methacryloyl group.
- methacrylic resins examples include “A-DOG” (manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.), “DCP-A” (manufactured by Kyoeisha Chemical Co., Ltd.), “NPDGA”, “FM-400”, “R-687”, and “ Examples include (meth)acrylic resins such as “THE-330", “PET-30”, and “DPHA” (all manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.).
- styryl resin is not particularly limited as long as it has one or more (preferably two or more) styryl groups or vinylphenyl groups in one molecule, and it may be a monomer or an oligomer.
- styryl resins such as "OPE-2St”, “OPE-2St 1200", and "OPE-2St 2200” (all manufactured by Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Company).
- the resin composition according to the present embodiment may contain only a thermosetting resin, only a radically polymerizable resin, or a combination of a thermosetting resin and a radically polymerizable resin as the crosslinkable resin.
- the mass ratio of active ester resin to crosslinkable resin may be 1 or more, preferably 1.05 or more, and more preferably 1. .10 or more may be used.
- the upper limit of the mass ratio (active ester resin/crosslinkable resin) can be, for example, 2 or less, 1.9 or less, or 1.8 or less.
- the resin composition according to this embodiment may further contain a crosslinking promoter.
- a crosslinking accelerator By including a crosslinking accelerator, the crosslinking time and crosslinking temperature can be efficiently adjusted.
- crosslinking accelerators examples include organic phosphine compounds such as “TPP”, “TPP-K”, “TPP-S”, and “TPTP-S” (manufactured by Hokko Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.); “Curezol 2MZ” and “2E4MZ”.
- the content of the crosslinking accelerator in the resin composition may be determined depending on the properties required of the resin composition.
- the content of the crosslinking accelerator is preferably 0.001% by mass or more, more preferably 0.01% by mass or more, particularly preferably 0.04% by mass.
- the content is preferably 10% by mass or less, more preferably 5% by mass or less, and even more preferably 1% by mass or less.
- the resin composition according to this embodiment may further contain an inorganic filler.
- an inorganic filler By containing an inorganic filler, the coefficient of linear thermal expansion can be lowered, and the dielectric loss tangent can be further lowered.
- inorganic fillers include silica, alumina, barium sulfate, talc, clay, mica powder, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, magnesium oxide, boron nitride, aluminum borate, barium titanate, Examples include strontium titanate, calcium titanate, magnesium titanate, bismuth titanate, titanium oxide, barium zirconate, calcium zirconate, and the like. Among them, silica is preferred. Examples of silica include amorphous silica, fused silica, crystalline silica, synthetic silica, and hollow silica. Further, as the silica, spherical silica is preferable.
- the inorganic fillers may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Commercially available inorganic fillers include, for example, “UFP-30” (manufactured by Denka); “YC100C”, “YA050C”, “YA050C-MJE", “YA010C”, “SC2500SQ”, “SO-C4", “SO-C2”, “SO-C1”, “SC-C2” (all manufactured by Admatex); “Silfill NSS-3N”, “Silfill NSS-4N”, “Silfill NSS-5N” (manufactured by Tokuyama) ) etc.
- the average particle diameter of the inorganic filler is preferably 5 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 2 ⁇ m or less, and even more preferably 1 ⁇ m, from the viewpoint of making the surface of the insulating layer formed by the cured product low roughness and facilitating the formation of fine wiring. It is as follows.
- the lower limit of the average particle size is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, 0.01 ⁇ m or more, 0.02 ⁇ m or more, 0.03 ⁇ m or more.
- the average particle size of the inorganic filler can be measured by a laser diffraction/scattering method based on Mie scattering theory.
- the measurement sample can be obtained by weighing 100 mg of the inorganic filler and 10 g of methyl ethyl ketone into a vial and dispersing them using ultrasonic waves for 10 minutes.
- the measurement sample was measured using a laser diffraction particle size distribution measuring device using a light source wavelength of blue and red, and the volume-based particle size distribution of the inorganic filler was measured using a flow cell method.
- the average particle size can be calculated as the median diameter.
- Examples of the laser diffraction particle size distribution measuring device include "LA-960" manufactured by Horiba, Ltd.
- Inorganic fillers include aminosilane coupling agents, ureidosilane coupling agents, epoxysilane coupling agents, mercaptosilane coupling agents, vinylsilane coupling agents, styrylsilane coupling agents, and acrylate silane coupling agents.
- the surface is treated with a surface treatment agent such as an isocyanate silane coupling agent, a sulfide silane coupling agent, an organosilazane compound, or a titanate coupling agent to improve its moisture resistance and dispersibility.
- the content of the inorganic filler in the resin composition may be determined depending on the properties required of the resin composition.
- the content of the inorganic filler in the resin composition can be, for example, 5% by mass or more, 10% by mass or more, preferably 30% by mass or more, when the nonvolatile components in the resin composition are 100% by mass. Preferably it is 40% by mass or more, more preferably 50% by mass or more.
- the upper limit of the content of the inorganic filler is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 90% by mass or less, 85% by mass or less, etc.
- the resin composition according to this embodiment may further contain a thermoplastic resin.
- the resin composition contains a thermoplastic resin, the mechanical strength of the cured product can be improved, and furthermore, the ability to form a film when used in the form of a resin sheet can be improved.
- thermoplastic resins include phenoxy resin, polyvinyl acetal resin, polyimide resin, polyamideimide resin, polyetherimide resin, polysulfone resin, polyethersulfone resin, polyphenylene ether resin, polycarbonate resin, polyether ether ketone resin, and polyester resin. phenoxy resin and polyvinyl acetal resin are particularly preferred. These thermoplastic resins may be used alone or in combination of two or more. The weight average molecular weight of the thermoplastic resin is preferably in the range of 8,000 to 200,000, more preferably in the range of 12,000 to 100,000.
- the content of the thermoplastic resin is not particularly limited, but when the nonvolatile component in the resin composition is 100% by mass, it is preferably 0.001% by mass or more, more preferably 0.01% by mass or more. , more preferably 0.1% by mass or more, particularly preferably 0.5% by mass or more, preferably 10% by mass or less, more preferably 5% by mass or less.
- the resin composition according to this embodiment may further contain arbitrary additives.
- additives include organic fillers such as rubber particles; radical polymerization initiators such as peroxide radical polymerization initiators and azo radical polymerization initiators; phenolic crosslinking agents and benzoxazine crosslinking agents.
- Any resin crosslinking agent other than active ester resin such as , acid anhydride crosslinking agent, cyanate ester crosslinking agent; Organometallic compound such as organic copper compound, organic zinc compound, organic cobalt compound; Phthalocyanine blue, Phthalocyanine green, Coloring agents such as iodine green, diazo yellow, crystal violet, titanium oxide, and carbon black; Polymerization inhibitors such as hydroquinone, catechol, pyrogallol, and phenothiazine; Leveling agents such as silicone leveling agents and acrylic polymer leveling agents; bentone, Thickeners such as montmorillonite; antifoaming agents such as silicone antifoaming agents, acrylic antifoaming agents, fluorine antifoaming agents, vinyl resin antifoaming agents; ultraviolet absorbers such as benzotriazole ultraviolet absorbers; urea Adhesion improvers such as silane; Adhesion improvers such as triazole adhesion agents, tetrazole adhesion agents
- phosphoric acid ester compounds phosphazene compounds, phosphinic acid compounds, red phosphorus
- nitrogen flame retardants e.g. melamine sulfate
- halogen flame retardants e.g. antimony trioxide
- phosphate ester dispersants polyoxyalkylene dispersants, acetylene dispersants, silicone dispersants, Dispersants such as anionic dispersants and cationic dispersants
- borate stabilizers titanate stabilizers, aluminate stabilizers, zirconate stabilizers, isocyanate stabilizers, carboxylic acid stabilizers, carboxylic acid anhydrides
- stabilizers such as system stabilizers. The content of such additives may be determined depending on the properties required of the resin composition.
- the resin composition according to this embodiment may further contain an organic solvent as a volatile component.
- organic solvents include ketone solvents such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, and cyclohexanone; methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, isobutyl acetate, isoamyl acetate, methyl propionate, ethyl propionate, and ⁇ -butyrolactone.
- Ester solvents such as tetrahydropyran, tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-dioxane, diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether, dibutyl ether, diphenyl ether; alcohol solvents such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, ethylene glycol; acetic acid 2- Ether ester solvents such as ethoxyethyl, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, ethyl diglycol acetate, ⁇ -butyrolactone, methyl methoxypropionate; methyl lactate, ethyl lactate, methyl 2-hydroxyisobutyrate, etc.
- ether solvents such as tetrahydropyran, tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-dioxane, diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether, dibutyl ether
- Ester alcohol solvents include ether alcohol solvents such as 2-methoxypropanol, 2-methoxyethanol, 2-ethoxyethanol, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether (butyl carbitol); N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N - Amide solvents such as dimethylacetamide and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone; Sulfoxide solvents such as dimethyl sulfoxide; Nitrile solvents such as acetonitrile and propionitrile; Aliphatic carbonization such as hexane, cyclopentane, cyclohexane, and methylcyclohexane Hydrogen solvents include aromatic hydrocarbon solvents such as benzene, toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, and trimethylbenzene. The organic solvents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the content of the organic solvent in the resin composition may be determined depending on the properties required of the resin composition;
- the component is 100% by mass, it can be, for example, 60% by mass or less, 40% by mass or less, 30% by mass or less, 20% by mass or less, 15% by mass or less, 10% by mass or less.
- the resin composition according to the present embodiment is prepared by appropriately mixing the necessary components among the above components, and using a kneading device such as a three-roll mill, a ball mill, a bead mill, a sand mill, or a super mixer or a planetary mixer as necessary. It can be produced by kneading or mixing with a stirring device such as.
- a kneading device such as a three-roll mill, a ball mill, a bead mill, a sand mill, or a super mixer or a planetary mixer as necessary. It can be produced by kneading or mixing with a stirring device such as.
- a cured product can be obtained by curing the resin composition according to this embodiment.
- volatile components such as organic solvents contained in a resin composition can be volatilized by heat applied during curing, but active ester resins, crosslinkable resins, crosslinking accelerators, inorganic fillers, thermoplastic resins, and optional Non-volatile components such as additives do not volatilize due to the heat during curing. Therefore, the cured product may contain the nonvolatile components of the resin composition or a reaction product thereof.
- the resin composition according to the present embodiment containing a combination of an active ester resin and a crosslinkable resin can provide a cured product exhibiting low dielectric properties in a high-temperature environment. Therefore, when the cured product is applied to an insulating layer of a printed wiring board or a semiconductor chip package, it is possible to reduce transmission loss in a high temperature environment.
- the cured product of the resin composition according to the present embodiment can exhibit a low dielectric loss tangent (Df) in a high temperature environment of 90°C.
- Df dielectric loss tangent
- the dielectric loss tangent (Df) of the cured product of the resin composition according to the present embodiment may preferably be 0.01 or less, 0.008 or less, 0.007 or less, 0.006 or less, 0.005 or less, 0.004 or less or 0.003 or less.
- the cured product of the resin composition according to the present embodiment can usually exhibit a low dielectric loss tangent (Df) at room temperature.
- Df dielectric loss tangent
- the dielectric loss tangent ( Df) may preferably be 0.01 or less, 0.008 or less, 0.006 or less, 0.005 or less, 0.004 or less or 0.003 or less.
- the cured product of the resin composition according to the present embodiment can usually exhibit a low dielectric constant (Dk) in a high temperature environment of 90°C.
- Dk dielectric constant
- the relative dielectric constant (Dk ) may preferably be 3.3 or less, 3.2 or less, 3.1 or less, 3.0 or less or 2.8 or less.
- the cured product of the resin composition according to the present embodiment can usually exhibit a low dielectric constant (Dk) at room temperature.
- Dk dielectric constant
- the relative permittivity of the cured product of the resin composition according to the present embodiment is (Dk) may preferably be 3.3 or less, 3.2 or less, 3.1 or less, 3.0 or less, or 2.8 or less.
- the cured product of the resin composition according to the present embodiment can usually exhibit excellent smear removability.
- holes such as via holes and through holes may be formed in the insulating layer.
- smear as resin residue may be formed in the hole.
- the ability to easily remove this smear is called "smear removability.”
- smear removability The ability to easily remove this smear.
- the cured product of the resin composition according to this embodiment was The maximum length of the extended smear (maximum smear length) can be less than 5 ⁇ m. Generally, the shorter the maximum smear length, the better the smear removability.
- the cured product of the resin composition according to the present embodiment can usually have a property that harrowing defects after via hole formation are unlikely to occur.
- an insulating layer may be formed on an inner layer substrate using a cured product of a resin composition.
- peeling may occur between the insulating layer and the inner layer substrate around the via hole, and a gap may be formed.
- Haziering refers to peeling between the insulating layer and the inner layer substrate.
- the cured product of the resin composition according to the present embodiment can usually suppress the degree of haloing described above.
- the haloing ratio measured by the method described in the section ⁇ Evaluation of haloing> in Examples described later can be preferably 50% or less.
- the harrowing ratio indicates the size of the gap formed by the harrowing, based on the bottom dimension of the via hole on the inner layer substrate side, and the smaller the harrowing ratio Hb, the more effectively the haloing is suppressed. Shows what has been done.
- the resin composition according to the present embodiment can be suitably used as a resin composition for forming an insulating layer of a printed wiring board (resin composition for forming an insulating layer of a printed wiring board), and can be used as a resin composition for forming an insulating layer of a printed wiring board. It can be more suitably used as a resin composition for forming an interlayer insulating layer (resin composition for forming an insulating interlayer of a printed wiring board).
- the resin composition according to this embodiment can also be suitably used when the printed wiring board is a circuit board with built-in components.
- the resin composition according to the present embodiment can also be suitably used as a resin composition for encapsulating a semiconductor chip (resin composition for semiconductor chip encapsulation), and can also be used to form a rewiring layer. It can be suitably used as a resin composition for a rewiring formation layer (resin composition for a rewiring formation layer) as an insulating layer for. Further, the resin composition according to the present embodiment is used for resin sheets, sheet-like laminated materials such as prepregs, solder resists, underfill materials, die bonding materials, hole filling resins, component embedding resins, etc. Can be used in a wide range of applications.
- the resin composition according to this embodiment can be used as it is, but it may also be used in the form of a sheet-like laminate material containing the resin composition.
- the following resin sheets and prepregs are preferred.
- the resin sheet includes a support and a resin composition layer (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as a "resin composition layer") formed on the support.
- the resin composition layer contains the above-mentioned resin composition, and preferably contains only the above-mentioned resin composition.
- the preferred thickness of the resin composition layer varies depending on the use, and may be determined as appropriate depending on the use.
- the thickness of the resin composition layer is preferably 200 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 150 ⁇ m or less, 120 ⁇ m or less, 100 ⁇ m or less, 80 ⁇ m or less, 60 ⁇ m or less, or 50 ⁇ m or less, from the viewpoint of making printed wiring boards and semiconductor chip packages thinner. It is.
- the lower limit of the thickness of the resin composition layer is not particularly limited, but may usually be 1 ⁇ m or more, 5 ⁇ m or more, etc.
- the support examples include thermoplastic resin films, metal foils, and release paper, with thermoplastic resin films and metal foils being preferred. Therefore, in one preferred embodiment, the support is a thermoplastic resin film or a metal foil.
- thermoplastic resin film When using a thermoplastic resin film as a support, examples of the thermoplastic resin include polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), and acrylics such as polycarbonate (PC) and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). , cyclic polyolefin, triacetyl cellulose (TAC), polyether sulfide (PES), polyether ketone, polyimide, and the like. Among these, polyethylene terephthalate and polyethylene naphthalate are preferred, and inexpensive polyethylene terephthalate is particularly preferred.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- PEN polyethylene naphthalate
- acrylics such as polycarbonate (PC) and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA).
- cyclic polyolefin triacetyl cellulose (TAC), polyether sulfide (PES), polyether ketone, polyimide, and the like.
- TAC triacetyl
- the metal foil When using metal foil as a support, examples of the metal foil include copper foil, aluminum foil, etc., with copper foil being preferred.
- a foil made of a single metal such as copper may be used, or a foil made of an alloy of copper and other metals (for example, tin, chromium, silver, magnesium, nickel, zirconium, silicon, titanium, etc.) may be used. May be used.
- the support may be subjected to surface treatment such as matte treatment, corona treatment, antistatic treatment, etc. on the surface to be bonded to the resin composition layer.
- a support with a release layer having a release layer on the surface to be bonded to the resin composition layer may be used.
- the release agent used in the release layer of the support with a release layer include one or more release agents selected from the group consisting of alkyd resins, polyolefin resins, urethane resins, and silicone resins.
- the support with a release layer may be a commercially available product, such as "SK-1" manufactured by Lintec, which is a PET film having a release layer containing an alkyd resin mold release agent as a main component. Examples include “AL-5", “AL-7", “Lumirror T60” manufactured by Toray Industries, “Purex” manufactured by Teijin, and "Unipeel” manufactured by Unitika.
- the thickness of the support is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 5 ⁇ m to 75 ⁇ m, more preferably in the range of 10 ⁇ m to 60 ⁇ m.
- a metal foil with a support base material which is a thin metal foil laminated with a removable support base material
- the metal foil with a support base material includes a support base material, a release layer provided on the support base material, and a metal foil provided on the release layer.
- the resin composition layer is provided on the metal foil.
- the material of the supporting base material is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include copper foil, aluminum foil, stainless steel foil, titanium foil, copper alloy foil, and the like.
- copper foil When copper foil is used as the supporting base material, it may be electrolytic copper foil or rolled copper foil.
- the peeling layer is not particularly limited as long as the metal foil can be peeled off from the supporting base material, and examples thereof include an alloy layer of an element selected from the group consisting of Cr, Ni, Co, Fe, Mo, Ti, W, and P; Examples include coatings and the like.
- the material of the metal foil is preferably, for example, copper foil or copper alloy foil.
- the thickness of the supporting base material is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 10 ⁇ m to 150 ⁇ m, more preferably in the range of 10 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m. Further, the thickness of the metal foil may be, for example, in the range of 0.1 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m.
- the resin sheet may further include an arbitrary layer as necessary.
- an arbitrary layer include a protective film provided on the surface of the resin composition layer that is not bonded to the support (ie, the surface opposite to the support).
- the thickness of the protective film is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 1 ⁇ m to 40 ⁇ m.
- the resin sheet can be made, for example, by using a liquid resin composition as it is, or by preparing a resin varnish by dissolving the resin composition in an organic solvent, applying this onto a support using a die coater, and then drying it. It can be manufactured by forming a resin composition layer.
- organic solvent examples include those similar to the organic solvents described as components of the resin composition.
- One type of organic solvent may be used alone, or two or more types may be used in combination.
- Drying may be carried out by a drying method such as heating or blowing hot air. Drying conditions are not particularly limited, but drying is performed so that the content of organic solvent in the resin composition layer is usually 10% by mass or less, preferably 5% by mass or less. Although it varies depending on the boiling point of the organic solvent in the resin composition or resin varnish, for example, when using a resin composition or resin varnish containing 30% by mass to 60% by mass of organic solvent, the temperature is 50°C to 150°C for 3 minutes to 10 minutes. By drying for minutes, a resin composition layer can be formed.
- a drying method such as heating or blowing hot air. Drying conditions are not particularly limited, but drying is performed so that the content of organic solvent in the resin composition layer is usually 10% by mass or less, preferably 5% by mass or less. Although it varies depending on the boiling point of the organic solvent in the resin composition or resin varnish, for example, when using a resin composition or resin varnish containing 30% by mass to 60% by mass of organic solvent, the temperature is 50°C to 150°C for 3 minutes to
- the resin sheet can be stored by winding it up into a roll.
- the resin sheet has a protective film, it can be used by peeling off the protective film.
- the prepreg is formed by impregnating a sheet-like fiber base material with a resin composition.
- the sheet-like fiber base material used for the prepreg is not particularly limited, and those commonly used as base materials for prepregs, such as glass cloth, aramid nonwoven fabric, and liquid crystal polymer nonwoven fabric, can be used. From the viewpoint of reducing the thickness of printed wiring boards and semiconductor chip packages, the thickness of the sheet-like fiber base material is preferably 50 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 40 ⁇ m or less, still more preferably 30 ⁇ m or less, particularly preferably 20 ⁇ m or less.
- the lower limit of the thickness of the sheet-like fiber base material is not particularly limited. Usually, it is 10 ⁇ m or more.
- Prepreg can be manufactured by a known method such as a hot melt method or a solvent method.
- the thickness of the prepreg may be in the same range as the resin composition layer in the resin sheet described above.
- the sheet-like laminated material can be suitably used for forming an insulating layer of a printed wiring board (for an insulating layer of a printed wiring board), and for forming an interlayer insulating layer of a printed wiring board (for an insulating layer of a printed wiring board). It can be used more suitably for insulation interlayers).
- the sheet-like laminated material can also be suitably used for encapsulating a semiconductor chip (semiconductor chip encapsulation), and is suitable for a rewiring formation layer as an insulating layer for forming a rewiring layer. It can be used for.
- a printed wiring board according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an insulating layer formed of a cured product of the resin composition described above.
- the insulating layer includes a cured product of the resin composition described above, and preferably contains only a cured product of the resin composition described above.
- printed wiring boards are It can be manufactured by a method including (i) a step of forming a resin composition layer on the inner layer substrate; and (ii) a step of curing (for example, thermosetting) the resin composition layer to form an insulating layer.
- the resin composition layer may be formed by coating the resin composition on the inner layer substrate, but the resin composition layer of the resin sheet may be bonded to the inner layer substrate by placing a resin sheet on the inner layer substrate. It is preferable to form them by laminating them in such a manner.
- the “inner layer substrate” used in step (i) is a member that becomes the substrate of a printed wiring board, and includes, for example, a glass epoxy substrate, a metal substrate, a polyester substrate, a polyimide substrate, a BT resin substrate, and a thermosetting polyphenylene ether substrate. etc. Further, the substrate may have a conductor layer on one or both sides, and this conductor layer may be patterned.
- an inner layer board in which a conductor layer (circuit) is formed on one or both sides of the board is sometimes referred to as an "inner layer circuit board.”
- an intermediate product on which an insulating layer and/or a conductive layer is further formed is also included in the "inner layer substrate" as referred to in this specification. If the printed wiring board is a circuit board with built-in components, an inner layer board with built-in components may be used.
- Lamination of the inner layer substrate and the resin sheet can be performed, for example, by heat-pressing the resin sheet to the inner layer substrate from the support side.
- the member for heat-pressing the resin sheet to the inner layer substrate include a heated metal plate (SUS mirror plate, etc.) or a metal roll (SUS roll, etc.).
- the thermocompression bonding member may be directly pressed onto the resin sheet, or may be pressed through an elastic material such as heat-resistant rubber so that the resin sheet sufficiently follows the surface irregularities of the inner layer substrate.
- the inner layer substrate and the resin sheet may be laminated by a vacuum lamination method.
- the heat-pressing temperature is preferably in the range of 60°C to 160°C, more preferably 80°C to 140°C
- the heat-pressing pressure is preferably in the range of 0.098 MPa to 1.77 MPa, more preferably 0.
- the pressure is in the range of .29 MPa to 1.47 MPa
- the heat-pressing time is preferably in the range of 20 seconds to 400 seconds, more preferably 30 seconds to 300 seconds.
- Lamination may be carried out under reduced pressure conditions, preferably at a pressure of 26.7 hPa or less.
- Lamination can be performed using a commercially available vacuum laminator.
- commercially available vacuum laminators include a vacuum pressure laminator manufactured by Meiki Seisakusho, a vacuum applicator manufactured by Nikko Materials, and a batch vacuum pressure laminator.
- the laminated resin sheets may be smoothed under normal pressure (atmospheric pressure), for example, by pressing a thermocompression bonding member from the support side.
- the pressing conditions for the smoothing treatment may be the same as the heat-pressing conditions for the lamination described above.
- the smoothing process can be performed using a commercially available laminator. Note that the lamination and smoothing treatment may be performed continuously using the above-mentioned commercially available vacuum laminator.
- the support may be removed between step (i) and step (ii) or after step (ii).
- the conductor layer may be formed using the metal foil without peeling off the support.
- the support base material and release layer
- the conductor layer can be formed using metal foil.
- the resin composition layer is cured (for example, thermally cured) to form an insulating layer made of a cured product of the resin composition.
- the curing conditions for the resin composition layer are not particularly limited, and conditions commonly employed for forming an insulating layer of a printed wiring board may be used.
- the thermal curing conditions for the resin composition layer vary depending on the type of resin composition, but in one embodiment, the curing temperature is preferably 120°C to 250°C, more preferably 150°C to 240°C, and even more preferably The temperature is 180°C to 230°C.
- the curing time can be preferably 5 minutes to 240 minutes, more preferably 10 minutes to 150 minutes, even more preferably 15 minutes to 120 minutes.
- the resin composition layer Before thermally curing the resin composition layer, the resin composition layer may be preheated at a temperature lower than the curing temperature. For example, before thermosetting the resin composition layer, the resin composition layer is cured for usually 5 minutes at a temperature of usually 50°C to 120°C, preferably 60°C to 115°C, more preferably 70°C to 110°C. Preheating may be performed for preferably 5 minutes to 150 minutes, more preferably 15 minutes to 120 minutes, and even more preferably 15 minutes to 100 minutes.
- steps of (iii) drilling holes in the insulating layer, (iv) roughening the insulating layer, and (v) forming a conductor layer may be further carried out.
- These steps (iii) to (v) may be performed according to various methods used in the manufacture of printed wiring boards and known to those skilled in the art. Note that when the support is removed after step (ii), the support may be removed between step (ii) and step (iii), between step (iii) and step (iv), or during step (iv). It may be carried out between iv) and step (v). Further, if necessary, the steps (i) to (v) for forming the insulating layer and the conductor layer may be repeated to form a multilayer wiring board.
- printed wiring boards can be manufactured using the prepreg described above.
- the manufacturing method is basically the same as when using a resin sheet.
- Step (iii) is a step of drilling a hole in the insulating layer, whereby holes such as via holes and through holes can be formed in the insulating layer.
- Step (iii) may be carried out using, for example, a drill, laser, plasma, etc., depending on the composition of the resin composition used to form the insulating layer. The size and shape of the hole may be determined as appropriate depending on the design of the printed wiring board.
- Step (iv) is a step of roughening the insulating layer.
- smear removal is also performed.
- the procedure and conditions for the roughening treatment are not particularly limited, and known procedures and conditions commonly used in forming an insulating layer of a printed wiring board can be adopted.
- the insulating layer can be roughened by performing a swelling treatment using a swelling liquid, a roughening treatment using an oxidizing agent, and a neutralization treatment using a neutralizing liquid in this order.
- the swelling liquid used in the roughening treatment is not particularly limited, but includes, for example, an alkaline solution, a surfactant solution, etc., and preferably an alkaline solution.
- an alkaline solution sodium hydroxide solution and potassium hydroxide solution are more preferable.
- commercially available swelling liquids include "Swelling Dip Securigance P" and "Swelling Dip Securigance SBU” manufactured by Atotech Japan.
- Swelling treatment with a swelling liquid is not particularly limited, but can be carried out, for example, by immersing the insulating layer in a swelling liquid at 30° C. to 90° C. for 1 minute to 20 minutes. From the viewpoint of suppressing the swelling of the resin in the insulating layer to an appropriate level, it is preferable to immerse the insulating layer in a swelling liquid at 40° C. to 80° C. for 5 minutes to 15 minutes.
- the oxidizing agent used in the roughening treatment is not particularly limited, but includes, for example, an alkaline permanganate solution in which potassium permanganate or sodium permanganate is dissolved in an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide.
- the roughening treatment with an oxidizing agent such as an alkaline permanganic acid solution is preferably performed by immersing the insulating layer in an oxidizing agent solution heated to 60° C. to 100° C. for 10 minutes to 30 minutes.
- the concentration of permanganate in the alkaline permanganic acid solution is preferably 5% by mass to 10% by mass.
- Examples of commercially available oxidizing agents include alkaline permanganate solutions such as "Concentrate Compact CP" and "Dosing Solution Securigance P" manufactured by Atotech Japan.
- an acidic aqueous solution is preferable, and a commercially available product includes, for example, "Reduction Solution Securigant P" manufactured by Atotech Japan.
- the treatment with the neutralizing liquid can be carried out by immersing the treated surface, which has been roughened with an oxidizing agent, in the neutralizing liquid at 30° C. to 80° C. for 5 minutes to 30 minutes. From the viewpoint of workability, it is preferable to immerse the object that has been roughened with an oxidizing agent in a neutralizing solution at 40° C. to 70° C. for 5 minutes to 20 minutes.
- Step (v) is a step of forming a conductor layer, and the conductor layer is formed on the insulating layer.
- the conductor material used for the conductor layer is not particularly limited.
- the conductor layer includes one or more selected from the group consisting of gold, platinum, palladium, silver, copper, aluminum, cobalt, chromium, zinc, nickel, titanium, tungsten, iron, tin, and indium. Contains metal.
- the conductor layer may be a single metal layer or an alloy layer, and the alloy layer may be, for example, an alloy of two or more metals selected from the above group (for example, a nickel-chromium alloy, a copper-chromium alloy, a copper-chromium alloy, etc.).
- nickel alloys and copper-titanium alloys are monometallic layers of chromium, nickel, titanium, aluminum, zinc, gold, palladium, silver, or copper, nickel-chromium alloys, copper, etc.
- An alloy layer of nickel alloy or copper/titanium alloy is preferable, a single metal layer of chromium, nickel, titanium, aluminum, zinc, gold, palladium, silver or copper, or an alloy layer of nickel/chromium alloy is more preferable, and a single metal layer of chromium, nickel, titanium, aluminum, zinc, gold, palladium, silver or copper is more preferable. More preferred is a metal layer.
- the conductor layer may have a single layer structure or a multilayer structure in which two or more single metal layers or alloy layers made of different types of metals or alloys are laminated.
- the layer in contact with the insulating layer is preferably a single metal layer of chromium, zinc, or titanium, or an alloy layer of nickel-chromium alloy.
- the thickness of the conductor layer depends on the desired design of the printed wiring board, but is generally 3 ⁇ m to 35 ⁇ m, preferably 5 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m.
- the conductor layer may be formed by plating.
- a conductive layer having a desired wiring pattern can be formed by plating the surface of the insulating layer using a conventionally known technique such as a semi-additive method or a fully additive method. From the viewpoint of manufacturing simplicity, it is preferable to form by a semi-additive method.
- a semi-additive method An example of forming a conductor layer by a semi-additive method will be shown below.
- a plating seed layer is formed on the surface of the insulating layer by electroless plating.
- a mask pattern is formed on the formed plating seed layer to expose a portion of the plating seed layer corresponding to a desired wiring pattern.
- the mask pattern is removed. Thereafter, unnecessary plating seed layers can be removed by etching or the like to form a conductor layer having a desired wiring pattern.
- the conductor layer may be formed using metal foil.
- step (v) is preferably carried out between step (i) and step (ii).
- the support is removed and a metal foil is laminated on the exposed surface of the resin composition layer.
- the resin composition layer and the metal foil may be laminated by vacuum lamination.
- the lamination conditions may be the same as those described for step (i).
- step (ii) is performed to form an insulating layer.
- a conductor layer having a desired wiring pattern can be formed using the metal foil on the insulating layer by a conventional known technique such as a subtractive method or a modified semi-additive method.
- the metal foil can be manufactured by a known method such as an electrolytic method or a rolling method.
- Commercially available metal foils include, for example, HLP foil and JXUT-III foil manufactured by JX Nippon Mining Co., Ltd., 3EC-III foil and TP-III foil manufactured by Mitsui Kinzoku Mining Co., Ltd.
- the conductor layer may be formed using the metal foil.
- the semiconductor chip package may include a sealing layer formed of a cured product of the resin composition described above.
- the sealing layer contains a cured product of the resin composition described above, and preferably contains only a cured product of the resin composition described above.
- the semiconductor chip package may include an insulating layer (rewiring formation layer) for forming a rewiring layer, which is made of a cured product of the resin composition described above.
- a semiconductor chip package can be manufactured, for example, using the resin composition or resin sheet described above by a method including the steps (1) to (6) below.
- the resin composition and resin sheet described above can be used to form the sealing layer in step (3) or the rewiring forming layer in step (5).
- An example of forming a sealing layer and a rewiring formation layer using a resin composition and a resin sheet will be shown below, but techniques for forming a sealing layer and a rewiring formation layer of a semiconductor chip package are well known and can be understood by those skilled in the art. If so, a semiconductor package can be manufactured using a resin composition and a resin sheet according to a known technique.
- Base materials include silicon wafers; glass wafers; glass substrates; metal substrates such as copper, titanium, stainless steel, and cold-rolled steel sheets (SPCC); substrates made by impregnating glass fibers with epoxy resin and heat-curing them (for example, FR- 4 Substrate): A substrate made of bismaleimide triazine resin (BT resin), etc. may be mentioned.
- BT resin bismaleimide triazine resin
- the material of the temporary fixing film is not particularly limited as long as it can be peeled off from the semiconductor chip in step (4) and can temporarily fix the semiconductor chip.
- a commercially available product can be used as the temporary fixing film.
- Commercially available products include Riva Alpha manufactured by Nitto Denko Corporation.
- the semiconductor chip can be temporarily fixed using a known device such as a flip chip bonder or a die bonder.
- the layout and number of semiconductor chips can be set as appropriate depending on the shape and size of the temporary fixing film, the number of semiconductor packages to be produced, etc. For example, a matrix with multiple rows and multiple columns. They can be temporarily fixed by arranging them in a shape.
- a resin composition layer is formed on a semiconductor chip and cured (eg, thermally cured) to form a sealing layer.
- the resin composition layer can be formed, for example, by a method of laminating a resin composition layer of a resin sheet on a semiconductor chip, or a method of applying a resin composition on a semiconductor chip.
- the semiconductor chip and the resin sheet can be laminated by removing the protective film of the resin sheet and then heat-pressing the resin sheet onto the semiconductor chip from the support side.
- the thermocompression bonding member for thermocompression bonding the resin sheet to the semiconductor chip include a heated metal plate (SUS mirror plate, etc.) or a metal roll (SUS roll, etc.).
- the resin sheet instead of pressing the thermocompression bonding member directly onto the resin sheet, it is preferable to press the resin sheet through an elastic material such as heat-resistant rubber so that the resin sheet sufficiently follows the surface irregularities of the semiconductor chip.
- Lamination of the semiconductor chip and the resin sheet may be performed by a vacuum lamination method, and the lamination conditions may be similar to the lamination conditions described in connection with the method for manufacturing a printed wiring board, and the preferred range may also be the same. .
- the resin composition is thermally cured to form a sealing layer.
- the conditions for heat curing may be similar to those described in connection with the method for manufacturing printed wiring boards.
- the support of the resin sheet may be peeled off after the resin sheet is laminated on the semiconductor chip and thermally cured, or the support may be peeled off before the resin sheet is laminated on the semiconductor chip.
- the application conditions may be the same as those for forming the resin composition layer described in relation to the resin sheet, and the preferred range is also the same. It's possible.
- the method of peeling the base material and the temporary fixing film can be changed as appropriate depending on the material of the temporary fixing film.
- a method of peeling the temporary fixing film by heating and foaming (or expanding) and Examples include a method of irradiating ultraviolet rays to reduce the adhesive strength of the temporary fixing film and peeling it off.
- the heating conditions are usually 100° C. to 250° C. for 1 second to 90 seconds or 5 minutes to 15 minutes.
- the amount of ultraviolet ray irradiation is usually 10 mJ/cm 2 to 1000 mJ/cm 2 .
- the material for forming the rewiring formation layer is not particularly limited as long as the rewiring formation layer (insulating layer) has insulating properties. From the viewpoint of ease of manufacturing semiconductor chip packages, ultraviolet curable resins and thermosetting resins are preferred.
- the rewiring formation layer may be formed using the resin composition or resin sheet described above.
- via holes may be formed in the rewiring formation layer in order to connect the semiconductor chip and the conductor layer described later.
- the via hole may be formed by a known method depending on the material of the rewiring formation layer.
- steps (5) and (6) may be repeated to stack up conductor layers (rewiring layers) and rewiring formation layers (insulating layers) alternately (build-up).
- the semiconductor package may be a fan-in type package or a fan-out type package. Regardless of whether or not it exists, it is possible to realize a semiconductor chip package with extremely low transmission loss. Furthermore, this semiconductor chip package can achieve low transmission loss, especially in high-temperature environments.
- the semiconductor chip package is a fan-out package.
- the resin composition and resin sheet according to the embodiments described above can be applied to both fan-out panel level packages (FO-PLP) and fan-out wafer level packages (FO-WLP).
- the semiconductor package is a fan-out panel level package (FOPLP).
- the semiconductor package is a fan-out wafer level package (FOWLP).
- a semiconductor device includes a layer containing a cured product of the resin composition according to the embodiment described above.
- This semiconductor device usually includes the above-described printed wiring board or semiconductor chip package.
- semiconductor devices include various semiconductor devices used in electrical products (eg, computers, mobile phones, digital cameras, televisions, etc.), vehicles (eg, motorcycles, automobiles, trains, ships, aircraft, etc.), and the like.
- the hydroxyl equivalent of this solid was measured according to the measurement method described above and found to be 187 g/eq. (Theoretical value 184 g/eq.) was obtained.
- n value is 1.0
- active ester group equivalent is 229 g/ eq.
- a composition ratio such that (2.4 mol), isophthalic acid chloride (reagent) 487.2 g (2.4 mol), tetra-n-butylammonium bromide (reagent) 1.3 g, and toluene 1100 g, and stirred while blowing nitrogen gas. and completely dissolved.
- the mass spectrum (positive ion mode) of the obtained solid was measured according to the measurement method described above.
- the obtained solid material has the desired molecular structure, that is, the structure of the polyester resin (1a) containing an ⁇ -methylbenzyl group according to the theoretical structure shown by the above formula (1a). It was confirmed that there is.
- a solid was prepared in the same manner as in step (1-1) of Example 1, except that 2,7-dihydroxynaphthalene (reagent) was changed to 224.0 g (1.4 mol) of 1,6-dihydroxynaphthalene (reagent). 485 g of product was obtained.
- the hydroxyl equivalent of this solid was measured according to the measurement method described above and found to be 186 g/eq. (Theoretical value 184 g/eq.) was obtained.
- Step (1-2) of Example 1 except that ⁇ -methylbenzyl modified aromatic dihydroxy compound (1x) was changed to ⁇ -methylbenzyl modified aromatic dihydroxy compound (2x) 441.6 g (2.4 mol of hydroxyl group) In the same manner as above, 930 g of solid material was obtained.
- the mass spectrum (positive ion mode) of the obtained solid was measured according to the measurement method described above.
- the obtained solid material has the desired molecular structure, that is, the structure of the polyester resin (2a) containing an ⁇ -methylbenzyl group according to the theoretical structure shown by the above formula (2a). It was confirmed that there is.
- a solid was prepared in the same manner as in step (1-1) of Example 1, except that 2,7-dihydroxynaphthalene (reagent) was changed to 224.0 g (1.4 mol) of 1,5-dihydroxynaphthalene (reagent). 480g was obtained.
- the hydroxyl equivalent of this solid was measured according to the measurement method described above, and was found to be 182 g/eq. (Theoretical value 184 g/eq.) was obtained.
- the mass spectrum (positive ion mode) of the obtained solid was measured according to the measurement method described above.
- the obtained solid material has the desired molecular structure, that is, the structure of the polyester resin (3a) containing an ⁇ -methylbenzyl group according to the theoretical structure shown by the above formula (3a). It was confirmed that there is.
- n value is 3.0
- active ester group equivalent is 246 g/ eq.
- a composition ratio such that 136.0 g (0.8 mol) of phenol (reagent), 324.8 g (1.6 mol) of isophthalic acid chloride, 0.9 g of tetra-n-butylammonium bromide, and 1000 g of toluene were charged, and while blowing nitrogen gas. Stir to completely dissolve.
- the mass spectrum (positive ion mode) of the obtained solid was measured according to the measurement method described above.
- the obtained solid material has the desired molecular structure, that is, the structure of the polyester resin (4a) containing an ⁇ -methylbenzyl group according to the theoretical structure shown by the above formula (4a). It was confirmed that there is.
- the mass spectrum (positive ion mode) of the obtained solid was measured according to the measurement method described above.
- Ta the obtained solid material has the desired molecular structure, that is, the structure of the polyester resin (5a) containing an ⁇ -methylbenzyl group according to the theoretical structure shown by the above formula (5a). It was confirmed that there is.
- n value is 1.0 and the active ester group equivalent is 256 g/eq.
- the mass spectrum (positive ion mode) of the obtained solid was measured according to the measurement method described above.
- the obtained solid material has the desired molecular structure, that is, the structure of the polyester resin (6a) containing an ⁇ -methylbenzyl group according to the theoretical structure shown by the above formula (6a). It was confirmed that there is.
- the hydroxyl equivalent of this solid was measured according to the measurement method described above and found to be 214 g/eq. (Theoretical value 212 g/eq.) was obtained.
- the mass spectrum (positive ion mode) of the obtained solid was measured according to the measurement method described above.
- Ta the obtained solid material has the desired molecular structure, that is, the structure of the polyester resin (7a) containing an ⁇ -methylbenzyl group according to the theoretical structure shown by the above formula (7a). It was confirmed that there is.
- n value is 2.0
- active ester group equivalent is 279 g/ eq.
- a composition ratio such that (2.4 mol), isophthalic acid chloride (reagent) 487.2 g (2.4 mol), tetra-n-butylammonium bromide (reagent) 1.5 g, and toluene 1300 g, and stirred while blowing nitrogen gas. and completely dissolved.
- the mass spectrum (positive ion mode) of the obtained solid was measured according to the measurement method described above.
- the total value of m 3.
- the obtained solid material has the desired molecular structure, that is, the structure of the polyester resin (8a) containing an ⁇ -methylbenzyl group according to the theoretical structure shown by the above formula (8a). It was confirmed that there is.
- m/z 535, which corresponds to a structure in which one benzyl group is added to a trimer of 2,7-dihydroxynaphthalene generated by intermolecular dehydration of 2,7-dihydroxynaphthalene, and two benzyl groups are added.
- Ta From these analytical data, it was confirmed that the obtained solid had benzyl-modified dihydroxynaphthalene and benzyl-modified dihydroxy polynaphthylene ether structures, as shown by formula (9x).
- the mass spectrum (positive ion mode) of the obtained solid was measured according to the measurement method described above.
- the obtained solid material has the desired molecular structure, that is, the structure of the polyester resin (9a) having a benzyl-modified polynaphthylene ether structure according to the theoretical structure shown by the above formula (9a). It was confirmed that there is.
- the sheet-like cured product was cut into test pieces of a predetermined size, and a split cylinder resonator ("CR-710" manufactured by EM Lab) and a PNA microwave network analyzer ("N5227B” manufactured by Keysight) were used.
- the dielectric constant and dielectric loss tangent were measured at a measurement frequency of 10 GHz and a temperature of 90°C.
- Table 1 shows the measurement results of Examples 9 to 16 and Comparative Example 2.
- the unit of amount of each component represents parts by mass.
- Dk relative dielectric constant.
- Df dielectric loss tangent.
- ⁇ Evaluation of smear removal performance> (Boil treatment of interior board)
- a glass cloth-based epoxy resin double-sided copper-clad laminate having copper foil on the surface (copper foil thickness 18 ⁇ m, substrate thickness 0.8 mm, “R1515A” manufactured by Panasonic Corporation) was prepared.
- the copper foil on the surface of this inner layer substrate was roughened by etching with a copper etching amount of 1 ⁇ m using a micro-etching agent (“CZ8101” manufactured by MEC Corporation). Thereafter, drying was performed at 190° C. for 30 minutes.
- the laminated resin sheet was smoothed by hot pressing under atmospheric pressure at 100° C. and a pressure of 0.5 MPa for 60 seconds. Further, this was placed in an oven at 130°C and heated for 30 minutes, and then transferred to an oven at 170°C and heated for 30 minutes.
- the resin composition layer was cured by the heating, and an insulating layer containing a cured product of the resin composition was obtained. Therefore, by the above operation, an intermediate substrate having the layer structure of PET film/insulating layer/inner layer substrate/insulating layer/PET film was obtained.
- the insulating layer was processed using a CO 2 laser processing machine manufactured by Via Mechanics (LK-2K212/2C) to form a via hole in the insulating layer.
- the processing described above was performed under the conditions of a frequency of 2000 Hz, a pulse width of 3 ⁇ sec, an output of 0.95 W, and the number of shots of 3.
- the formed via hole had a top diameter (diameter) of 50 ⁇ m at the surface of the insulating layer and a diameter of 40 ⁇ m at the bottom surface of the insulating layer.
- the top diameter represents the diameter of the opening of the via hole.
- the PET film was peeled off.
- the intermediate substrate was immersed in a swelling liquid, Swelling Dip Securigant P manufactured by Atotech Japan, at 60° C. for 10 minutes.
- the intermediate substrate was immersed in Concentrate Compact P (aqueous solution of KMnO 4 : 60 g/L, NaOH: 40 g/L) manufactured by Atotech Japan Co., Ltd., which is a roughening liquid, at 80° C. for 20 minutes.
- the intermediate substrate was immersed in a neutralizing solution, Reduction Solution Securigant P manufactured by Atotech Japan, at 40° C. for 5 minutes.
- the obtained intermediate board is called evaluation board A.
- the maximum smear length from the wall surface of the bottom of the via hole was measured and evaluated based on the following criteria.
- the maximum smear length represents the length of the longest smear among the smears formed at the bottom of the via hole. " ⁇ " Maximum smear length is less than 5 ⁇ m. " ⁇ ” Maximum smear length is 5 ⁇ m or more.
- the above measurements were performed in five randomly selected via holes. Then, the average of the top diameters of the five measured via holes was adopted as the top diameter Lt of the sample after the roughening treatment. Further, the average of the bottom diameters of the five measured via holes was adopted as the bottom diameter Lb of the sample after the roughening treatment. Furthermore, the average of the measured harrowing distances of the five via holes was adopted as the harrowing distance Wb from the edge of the via bottom of the sample.
- the harrowing ratio Hb (the ratio of the harrowing distance Wb from the edge of the via bottom after the roughening process to the radius of the via bottom of the via hole after the roughening process (Lb/2) ⁇ Wb/(Lb/ 2)) was calculated. If the haloing ratio Hb was 50% or less, it was determined to be " ⁇ ", and if the haloing ratio Ht was greater than 50%, it was determined to be "x”.
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Abstract
Description
すなわち、本発明は、下記のものを含む。
[2] 下記式(I)で表される部分構造を含む、[1]に記載の活性エステル樹脂。
基ArBは、それぞれ独立に、少なくとも1個の芳香環を含有する2価の有機基を表し、
基ArCは、それぞれ独立に、少なくとも1個の芳香環を含有する2価の有機基を表し、
*は、結合手を表す。)
[3] 下記式(II)で表される、[1]又は[2]に記載の活性エステル樹脂。
基ArAは、それぞれ独立に、少なくとも1個の芳香環を含有する1価の有機基を表し、
基ArBは、それぞれ独立に、少なくとも1個の芳香環を含有する2価の有機基を表し、
基ArCは、それぞれ独立に、少なくとも1個の芳香環を含有する2価の有機基を表し、
有機基ArA、有機基ArB及び有機基ArCのうち少なくも1個の有機基は、α-メチルベンジル基を含有し、
nは、0より大きい数を表す。)
[4] 有機基ArCが、少なくとも1個の芳香環を含有する2価の炭化水素基を表す、[2]又は[3]に記載の活性エステル樹脂。
[5] 有機基ArCが、α-メチルベンジル基を含有する、[2]~[4]のいずれか一項に記載の活性エステル樹脂。
[6] α-メチルベンジル基が結合した芳香環を含有する、[1]~[5]のいずれか1項に記載の活性エステル樹脂。
[7] α-メチルベンジル基が結合した芳香環1個に対し、α-メチルベンジル基が、平均して1個~6個結合している、[6]に記載の活性エステル樹脂。
[8] α-メチルベンジル基の含有量が、1質量%~60質量%の範囲にある、[1]~[7]のいずれか1項に記載の活性エステル樹脂。
[9] α-メチルベンジル基を含有する(X1-1)変性芳香族多価ヒドロキシ化合物を含む(X1)芳香族多価ヒドロキシ化合物と、(X2)芳香族カルボン酸化合物又は芳香族カルボン酸ハライド化合物と、(X3)芳香族モノヒドロキシ化合物と、の縮合反応物である、[1]~[8]のいずれか1項に記載の活性エステル樹脂。
[10] [1]~[9]のいずれか1項に記載の活性エステル樹脂の製造方法であって、
α-メチルベンジル基を含有する(X1-1)変性芳香族多価ヒドロキシ化合物を含む(X1)芳香族多価ヒドロキシ化合物と、(X2)芳香族カルボン酸化合物又は芳香族カルボン酸ハライド化合物と、(X3)芳香族モノヒドロキシ化合物と、を反応させる工程を含む、活性エステル樹脂の製造方法。
[11] [1]~[9]のいずれか1項に記載の活性エステル樹脂を含む、樹脂架橋剤。
[12] [1]~[9]のいずれか1項に記載の活性エステル樹脂と、架橋性樹脂と、を含む、樹脂組成物。
[13] 架橋性樹脂が、熱硬化性樹脂及びラジカル重合性樹脂からなる群から選択される1種以上を含む、[12]に記載の樹脂組成物。
[14] プリント配線板の絶縁層形成用の[12]又は[13]に記載の樹脂組成物。
[15] 半導体チップ封止用の[12]又は[13]に記載の樹脂組成物。
[16] [12]~[15]のいずれか1項に記載の樹脂組成物の硬化物。
[17] [12]~[15]のいずれか1項に記載の樹脂組成物を含む、シート状積層材料。
[18] 支持体と、当該支持体上に形成された樹脂組成物層とを備え、
樹脂組成物層が、[12]~[15]のいずれか一項に記載の樹脂組成物を含む、樹脂シート。
[19] [12]~[15]のいずれか1項に記載の樹脂組成物の硬化物を含む絶縁層を備える、プリント配線板。
[20] [12]~[15]のいずれか1項に記載の樹脂組成物の硬化物を含む封止層を備える、半導体チップパッケージ。
[21] ファンアウト(Fan-Out)型パッケージである、[20]に記載の半導体チップパッケージ。
[22] [19]に記載のプリント配線板を備える、半導体装置。
[23] [20]若しくは[21]に記載の半導体チップパッケージを備える、半導体装置。
本明細書において、化合物又は基についていう「置換基を有していてもよい」という用語は、該化合物又は基の水素原子が置換基で置換されていない場合、及び、該化合物又は基の水素原子の一部又は全部が置換基で置換されている場合の双方を意味する。
本発明の一実施形態に係る活性エステル樹脂は、1分子中に1個以上のα-メチルベンジル基を含有する。活性エステル樹脂が1分子中に含むα-メチルベンジル基の数は、通常1以上であり、2以上、4以上、6以上などであってもよい。また、活性エステル樹脂が1分子中に含むα-メチルベンジル基の数の上限は、好ましくは20以下、より好ましくは12以下、特に好ましくは8以下である。活性エステル樹脂が、1分子中のα-メチルベンジル基の数が異なる分子を組み合わせて含む場合、当該活性エステル樹脂が一分子中に含むα-メチルベンジル基の数の平均が、前記の範囲にあることが好ましい。
基ArBは、それぞれ独立に、少なくとも1個の芳香環を含有する2価の有機基を表し、
基ArCは、それぞれ独立に、少なくとも1個の芳香環を含有する2価の有機基を表し、
*は、結合手を表す。)
式(I)において、基ArBは、それぞれ独立に、少なくとも1個の芳香環を含有する2価の有機基を表す。ただし、有機基ArBが含有する芳香環には、α-メチルベンジル基が含有するベンゼン環は含めない。有機基ArBが含有する芳香環は、先述のとおり、単環式芳香環、及び、2個以上の単環式芳香環が縮合した縮合多環式芳香環の何れであってもよい。また、芳香環は、芳香族炭素環、及び、芳香族複素環の何れであってもよい。
式(I)において、基ArCは、それぞれ独立に、少なくとも1個の芳香環を含有する2価の有機基を表す。ただし、有機基ArCが含有する芳香環には、α-メチルベンジル基が含有するベンゼン環は含めない。有機基ArCが含有する芳香環は、先述のとおり、単環式芳香環、及び、2個以上の単環式芳香環が縮合した縮合多環式芳香環の何れであってもよい。また、芳香環は、芳香族炭素環、及び、芳香族複素環の何れであってもよい。
Rc1及びRc4は、それぞれ独立に、単結合、又は、置換基を有していてもよい炭素原子数1~10の2価の炭化水素基、酸素原子、スルホニル基、カルボニル基、カーボネート基、及びこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される2価の連結基を示し、
Rc2、Rc3及びRc5は、それぞれ独立に、置換基を示し、
mc1、mc2及びmc3は、それぞれ独立に、0~4の数を示し、
nc1、nc2及びnc3は、それぞれ独立に、0~4の数を示し、
*は、結合手を示す。
ただし、mc1+nc1は、0以上4以下であり、mc2+nc2は、0以上4以下であり、mc3+nc3は、0以上4以下である。)
式(C-1)中、nc1は、それぞれ独立に、0~4の数を示し、好ましくは0~3、より好ましくは0~2、さらに好ましくは0又は1である。
ただし、mc1+nc1は、0以上4以下である。
Rc1は、単結合、又は、置換基を有していてもよい炭素原子数1~6のアルキレン基、置換基を有していてもよい炭素原子数6~10のシクロアルキレン基、置換基を有していてもよい炭素原子数6~10のアリーレン基、又はそれらの組み合わせからなる2価の基を示し、
Rc2は、それぞれ独立に、炭素原子数1~6のアルキル基、炭素原子数6~10のアリール基、炭素原子数7~10のアリールアルキル基、炭素原子数2~6の不飽和脂肪族炭化水素基又は炭素原子数1~6のアルコキシ基を示し、
mc1は、それぞれ独立に、1又は2であり、
nc1は、それぞれ独立に、0又は1である。
Rc1は、単結合、置換基を有していてもよい炭素原子数1~3のアルキレン基、置換基を有していてもよい炭素原子数6~10のシクロアルキレン基、置換基を有していてもよい(C1~C3アルキレン-C6~C10アリーレン-C1~C3アルキレン)基、又は、置換基を有していてもよい(C1~C3アルキレン-C6~C10アリーレン-C6~C10アリーレン-C1~C3アルキレン)基を示し、
Rc2は、それぞれ独立に、炭素原子数1~3のアルキル基、炭素原子数6~10のアリール基、炭素原子数7~10のアリールアルキル基、アリル基又は炭素原子数1~3のアルコキシ基を示し、
mc1は、それぞれ独立に、1又は2であり、
nc1は、それぞれ独立に、0又は1である。
Rc1は、単結合、置換基を有していてもよい炭素原子数1~3のアルキレン基、置換基を有していてもよい(C1~C3アルキレン-C6~C10アリーレン-C1~C3アルキレン)基、又は、置換基を有していてもよい(C1~C3アルキレン-C6~C10アリーレン-C6~C10アリーレン-C1~C3アルキレン)基を示し、
Rc2は、それぞれ独立に、炭素原子数1~3のアルキル基、炭素原子数6~10のアリール基、炭素原子数7~10のアリールアルキル基、アリル基又は炭素原子数1~3のアルコキシ基を示し、
mc1は、それぞれ独立に、1又は2であり、
nc1は、それぞれ独立に、0又は1である。
式(C-2)中、nc2は、それぞれ独立に、0~4の数を示し、好ましくは0~3、より好ましくは0~2、さらに好ましくは0又は1である。
ただし、mc2+nc2は、0以上4以下である。
Rc3は、それぞれ独立に、炭素原子数1~6のアルキル基、炭素原子数6~10のアリール基、炭素原子数7~10のアリールアルキル基、炭素原子数2~6の不飽和脂肪族炭化水素基又は炭素原子数1~6のアルコキシ基を示し、
mc2は、それぞれ独立に、1又は2であり、
nc2は、それぞれ独立に、0又は1である。
Rc3は、それぞれ独立に、炭素原子数1~3のアルキル基、炭素原子数6~10のアリール基、炭素原子数7~10のアリールアルキル基、アリル基又は炭素原子数1~3のアルコキシ基を示し、
mc2は、それぞれ独立に、1又は2であり、
nc2は、それぞれ独立に、0又は1である。
式(C-3)中、nc3は、それぞれ独立に、0~4の数を示し、好ましくは0~3、より好ましくは0~2、さらに好ましくは0又は1である。
ただし、mc3+nc3は、0以上4以下である。
Rc4は、単結合、置換基を有していてもよい炭素原子数1~6のアルキレン基、又は、置換基を有していてもよい炭素原子数6~10のシクロアルキレン基を示し、
Rc5は、それぞれ独立に、炭素原子数1~6のアルキル基、炭素原子数6~10のアリール基、炭素原子数7~10のアリールアルキル基、炭素原子数2~6の不飽和脂肪族炭化水素基又は炭素原子数1~6のアルコキシ基を示し、
mc3は、それぞれ独立に、1又は2であり、
nc3は、それぞれ独立に、0又は1である。
Rc4は、単結合、又は、置換基を有していてもよい炭素原子数1~3のアルキレン基を示し、
Rc5は、それぞれ独立に、炭素原子数1~3のアルキル基、炭素原子数6~10のアリール基、炭素原子数7~10のアリールアルキル基、アリル基又は炭素原子数1~3のアルコキシ基を示し、
mc3は、それぞれ独立に、1又は2であり、
nc3は、それぞれ独立に、0又は1である。
基ArAは、それぞれ独立に、少なくとも1個の芳香環を含有する1価の有機基を表し、
基ArBは、それぞれ独立に、少なくとも1個の芳香環を含有する2価の有機基を表し、
基ArCは、それぞれ独立に、少なくとも1個の芳香環を含有する2価の有機基を表し、
有機基ArA、有機基ArB及び有機基ArCのうち少なくも1個の有機基は、α-メチルベンジル基を含有し、
nは、0より大きい数を表す。)
式(II)において、基ArAは、それぞれ独立に、少なくとも1個の芳香環を含有する1価の有機基を表す。ただし、有機基ArAが含有する芳香環には、α-メチルベンジル基が含有するベンゼン環は含めない。有機基ArAが含有する芳香環は、先述のとおり、単環式芳香環、及び、2個以上の単環式芳香環が縮合した縮合多環式芳香環のいずれであってもよい。また、芳香環は、芳香族炭素環、及び、芳香族複素環の何れであってもよい。
式(II)において、nは、0より大きい数を表す。nは、通常、式(II)において繰り返し数の平均値を示す。nの具体的な範囲は、通常0より大きく、好ましくは0.2以上、より好ましくは0.3以上、0.5以上又は0.7以上、さらに好ましくは0.8以上、0.9以上、1.0以上である。nの上限は、好ましくは10以下であり、より好ましくは8以下、6以下、5以下、4以下又は3以下である。好適な一実施形態において、式(II)中のnは、0<n≦3を満たす数である。nは、整数であってもよく、例えば、1、2又は3であってもよい。
以下、本発明の一実施形態に係る活性エステル樹脂の製造方法の例を示す。
上述した活性エステル樹脂を用いて樹脂組成物を製造することができる。本発明の一実施形態に係る樹脂組成物は、上述した活性エステル樹脂と、架橋性樹脂とを含む。
本実施形態に係る樹脂組成物は、そのまま使用することもできるが、該樹脂組成物を含むシート状積層材料の形態で用いてもよい。
本発明の一実施形態に係るプリント配線板は、上述した樹脂組成物の硬化物で形成された絶縁層を備える。前記の絶縁層は、上述した樹脂組成物の硬化物を含み、好ましくは上述した樹脂組成物の硬化物のみを含む。
(i)内層基板上に樹脂組成物層を形成する工程
(ii)樹脂組成物層を硬化(例えば熱硬化)して絶縁層を形成する工程
を含む方法によって製造できる。
半導体チップパッケージは、上述した樹脂組成物の硬化物で形成された封止層を備えうる。封止層は、上述した樹脂組成物の硬化物を含み、好ましくは上述した樹脂組成物の硬化物のみを含む。また、半導体チップパッケージは、上述した樹脂組成物の硬化物からなる、再配線層を形成するための絶縁層(再配線形成層)を備えていてもよい。
(1)基材に仮固定フィルムを積層する工程、
(2)半導体チップを、仮固定フィルム上に仮固定する工程、
(3)半導体チップ上に封止層を形成する工程、
(4)基材及び仮固定フィルムを半導体チップから剥離する工程、
(5)半導体チップの基材及び仮固定フィルムを剥離した面に、絶縁層としての再配線形成層を形成する工程、及び
(6)再配線形成層上に、導体層としての再配線層を形成する工程
基材に使用する材料は特に限定されない。基材としては、シリコンウェハ;ガラスウェハ;ガラス基板;銅、チタン、ステンレス、冷間圧延鋼板(SPCC)等の金属基板;ガラス繊維にエポキシ樹脂等をしみこませ熱硬化処理した基板(例えばFR-4基板);ビスマレイミドトリアジン樹脂(BT樹脂)からなる基板などが挙げられる。
半導体チップの仮固定は、フリップチップボンダー、ダイボンダー等の公知の装置を用いて行うことができる。半導体チップの配置のレイアウト及び配置数は、仮固定フィルムの形状、大きさ、目的とする半導体パッケージの生産数等に応じて適宜設定することができ、例えば、複数行で、かつ複数列のマトリックス状に整列させて仮固定することができる。
半導体チップ上に樹脂組成物層を形成し、硬化(例えば熱硬化)させて封止層を形成する。樹脂組成物層は、例えば、樹脂シートの樹脂組成物層を半導体チップ上に積層する方法、又は、樹脂組成物を半導体チップ上に塗布する方法により、形成できる。
基材及び仮固定フィルムを剥離する方法は、仮固定フィルムの材質に応じて適宜変更することができ、例えば、仮固定フィルムを加熱、発泡(又は膨張)させて剥離する方法、及び基材側から紫外線を照射させ、仮固定フィルムの粘着力を低下させ剥離する方法等が挙げられる。
再配線形成層(絶縁層)を形成する材料は、その再配線形成層(絶縁層)が絶縁性を有していれば特に限定されない。半導体チップパッケージの製造のしやすさの観点から、紫外線硬化性樹脂、熱硬化性樹脂が好ましい。上述した樹脂組成物又は樹脂シートを用いて再配線形成層を形成してもよい。
再配線形成層上への導体層の形成は、プリント配線板の製造方法に関連して説明した工程(v)と同様に実施してよい。なお、工程(5)及び工程(6)を繰り返し行い、導体層(再配線層)及び再配線形成層(絶縁層)を交互に積み上げて(ビルドアップ)もよい。
本発明の一実施形態に係る半導体装置は、上述した実施形態に係る樹脂組成物の硬化物を含む層を備える。この半導体装置は、通常、上述したプリント配線板又は半導体チップパッケージを備える。半導体装置としては、電気製品(例えば、コンピューター、携帯電話、デジタルカメラ及びテレビ等)及び乗物(例えば、自動二輪車、自動車、電車、船舶及び航空機等)等に供される各種半導体装置が挙げられる。
後述する実施例及び比較例では、試料をテトラヒドロフラン(THF)で1mg/mLに希釈し、下記条件で液体クロマトグラフィー質量分析(LC/MS)を測定した。
HPLC:ACQUITY UPLC(日本ウォーターズ社製)
MS:SQ Detector2(日本ウォーターズ社製)
カラム:ACQUITY UPLC BEH C8 1.7μm、2.1mm×50mm(日本ウォーターズ社製)
移動相A:2mmol酢酸アンモニウム水溶液
移動相B:2-プロパノール/THF(80:20)
移動相混合時間及び混合比率(A%):0分(50%)→5分(5%)→12分(5%)→12.1分(50%)→14分(50%)
流速:0.25mL/分
分析時間:14分
カラム温度:40℃
イオンモード:ESI(電子スプレーイオン化法)ポジティブまたはネガティブ
イオン極性:Positive検出モードまたはNegative検出モード
脱溶媒ガス流量:700L/hr、250℃
コーンガス:70L/hr
イオン源ヒーター:150℃
後述する実施例及び比較例では、JIS-K0070に従い、無水酢酸-ピリジンで試料中の水酸基をアセチル化した後、加水分解を行い、残った酢酸を逆滴定することで水酸基当量を定量した。
また、前記の測定方法に従って、この固形物のマススペクトル(ネガティブイオンモード)を測定した。マススペクトルでは、m=1体に相当するm/z=263、m=2体に相当するm/z=367、m=3体に相当するm/z=471の各スペクトルピークが検出された。また、ジヒドロキシ化合物同士がエーテル化したポリナフチレンエーテル構造のピークは検出されなかった。
これらの分析データから、得られた固形物は、目的の分子構造、すなわち上記式(1x)で示される理論構造に係るα-メチルベンジル変性芳香族ジヒドロキシ化合物(1x)の構造を有していることが確認された。
また、前記の測定方法に従って、この固形物のマススペクトル(ネガティブイオンモード)を測定した。マススペクトルでは、m=1体に相当するm/z=263、m=2体に相当するm/z=367、m=3体に相当するm/z=471の各スペクトルピークが検出された。
これらの分析データから、得られた固形物は、目的の分子構造、すなわち上記式(2x)で示される理論構造に係るα-メチルベンジル変性芳香族ジヒドロキシ化合物(2x)の構造を有していることが確認された。
また、前記の測定方法に従って、この固形物のマススペクトル(ネガティブイオンモード)を測定した。マススペクトルでは、m=1体に相当するm/z=263、m=2体に相当するm/z=367、m=3体に相当するm/z=471の各スペクトルピークが検出された。
これらの分析データから、得られた固形物は、目的の分子構造、すなわち上記式(3x)で示される理論構造に係るα-メチルベンジル変性芳香族ジヒドロキシ化合物(3x)の構造を有していることが確認された。
また、前記の測定方法に従って、この固形分のマススペクトル(ネガティブイオンモード)を測定した。マススペクトルでは、mの合計値=1体に相当するm/z=304、mの合計値=2体に相当するm/z=409、mの合計値=3体に相当するm/z=513の各スペクトルピークが検出された。また、ジヒドロキシ化合物同士がエーテル化したポリエーテル構造のピークは検出されなかった。
これらの分析データから、得られた固形物は、目的の分子構造、すなわち上記式(5x)で示される理論構造に係るα-メチルベンジル変性芳香族ジヒドロキシ化合物(5x)の構造を有していることが確認された。
また、前記の測定方法に従って、この固形物のマススペクトル(ネガティブイオンモード)を測定した。マススペクトルでは、mの合計値=1体に相当するm/z=425、mの合計値=2体に相当するm/z=529、mの合計値=3体に相当するm/z=633の各スペクトルピークが検出された。また、ジヒドロキシ化合物同士がエーテル化したポリエーテル構造のピークは検出されなかった。
これらの分析データから、得られた固形物は、目的の分子構造、すなわち上記式(7x)で示される理論構造に係るα-メチルベンジル変性芳香族ジヒドロキシ化合物(7x)の構造を有していることが確認された。
また、前記の測定方法に従って、この固形分のマススペクトル(ネガティブイオンモード)を測定した。マススペクトルでは、mの合計値=1体に相当するm/z=290、mの合計値=2体に相当するm/z=395、mの合計値=3体に相当するm/z=499の各スペクトルピークが検出された。また、ジヒドロキシ化合物同士がエーテル化したポリエーテル構造のピークは検出されなかった。
これらの分析データから、得られた固形物は、目的の分子構造、すなわち上記式(8x)で示される理論構造に係るα-メチルベンジル変性芳香族ジヒドロキシ化合物(8x)の構造を有していることが確認された。
また、前記の測定方法に従って、この固形分のマススペクトル(ネガティブイオンモード)を測定した。マススペクトルでは、2,7-ジヒドロキシナフタレンにベンジル基が1個付加した構造に相当するm/z=250、ベンジル基が2個付加した構造に相当するm/z=340、ベンジル基が3個付加した構造に相当するm/z=430のスペクトルピークが確認された。また、2,7-ジヒドロキシナフタレンの2分子間脱水により生成した2,7-ジヒドロキシナフタレンの2量体にベンジル基が1個付加した構造に相当するm/z=392、ベンジル基が2個付加した構造に相当するm/z=483、ベンジル基が3個付加した構造に相当するm/z=573、ベンジル基が4個付加した構造に相当するm/z=663のスペクトルピークが確認された。さらに、2,7-ジヒドロキシナフタレンの3分子間脱水により生成した2,7-ジヒドロキシナフタレンの3量体にベンジル基が1個付加した構造に相当するm/z=535、ベンジル基が2個付加した構造に相当するm/z=625、ベンジル基が3個付加した構造に相当するm/z=715、ベンジル基が4個付加した構造に相当するm/z=805のスペクトルピークが確認された。
これらの分析データから、得られた固形物は、式(9x)で示すように、ベンジル変性ジヒドロキシナフタレンおよびベンジル変性ジヒドロキシポリナフチレンエーテル構造を有していることが確認された。
(1)樹脂組成物の調製
表1に示す組成で、合成したポリエステル樹脂(1a)~(9a)、ビスフェノールA型液状エポキシ樹脂(DIC社製「850S」、エポキシ当量183g/eq.)、ビフェニルアラルキル型エポキシ樹脂(日本化薬社製「NC3000」、エポキシ当量275g/eq.)を150℃で溶融混合した。次いで4-ジメチルアミノピリジン(広栄化学工業社製「DMAP」)を混合して樹脂組成物を調製した。
調製した樹脂組成物を、離型剤を塗布した金型(100mm×100mm×0.5mm)内に充填して、150℃で10分間の条件で加熱硬化して、硬化物を得た。金型から硬化物を取り出し、該硬化物を200℃で3時間さらに加熱硬化して、シート状の硬化物を作製した。
シート状の硬化物について、下記要領で評価試験を行った。
シート状の硬化物を、所定のサイズの試験片に切断し、スプリットシリンダ共振器(EMラボ社製「CR-710」)及びPNAマイクロ波ネットワーク・アナライザ(Keysight社性「N5227B」)を使用して、測定周波数5.8GHz、23℃にて比誘電率と誘電正接の測定を行った。各硬化物について、5個の試験片について測定を行い(n=5)、平均値を算出した。
シート状の硬化物を、所定のサイズの試験片に切断し、スプリットシリンダ共振器(EMラボ社製「CR-710」)及びPNAマイクロ波ネットワーク・アナライザ(Keysight社性「N5227B」)を使用して、測定周波数10GHz、90℃にて比誘電率と誘電正接の測定を行った。各硬化物について、5個の試験片について測定を行い(n=5)、平均値を算出した。
実施例9~16及び比較例2における測定結果を、表1に示す。表1において、各成分の量の単位は質量部を表す。また、表1において、略称の意味は、下記の通りである。
Dk:比誘電率。
Df:誘電正接。
(1)樹脂組成物ワニスの調製
表2に示す組成で、合成したポリエステル樹脂(1a)~(9a)、ビスフェノールA型液状エポキシ樹脂(DIC社製「850S」、エポキシ当量183g/eq.)、ビフェニルアラルキル型エポキシ樹脂(日本化薬社製「NC3000H」、エポキシ当量291g/eq.)、4-ジメチルアミノピリジン(広栄化学工業社製「DMAP」)、フェノキシ樹脂(三菱ケミカル社製「YL6954BH30」)、球形シリカ(アドマテックス社製「SO-C2」、平均粒径0.50μm)、メチルエチルケトン(MEK)、及びシクロヘキサノンを混合して、樹脂組成物ワニスを調製した。
調製した樹脂組成物ワニスをポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム(厚さ38μm、以下「PETフィルム」と略称する。)上に、乾燥後の樹脂組成物層の厚さが40μmとなるようにダイコーターにて塗布し、80℃~120℃(平均100℃)で6分間乾燥させて、樹脂シートを作製した。
作製した樹脂シートを190℃で120分間加熱して樹脂組成物層を熱硬化させた。次いでPETフィルムを剥離して、シート状の硬化物を得た。
シート状の硬化物について、下記要領で評価試験を行った。
<誘電特性(高温)の測定>
実施例17~24及び比較例3で製造したシート状の硬化物について、実施例9~16及び比較例2と同じ要領で誘電特性の評価試験を行った。
(内装基板の下地処理)
内層基板として、表面に銅箔を有するガラス布基材エポキシ樹脂両面銅張積層板(銅箔の厚さ18μm、基板の厚さ0.8mm、パナソニック社製「R1515A」)を用意した。この内層基板の表面の銅箔を、マイクロエッチング剤(メック社製「CZ8101」)を用いて、銅エッチング量1μmにてエッチングして、粗化処理を行った。その後、190℃にて30分乾燥を行った。
上述した実施例及び比較例で得た樹脂シートを、バッチ式真空加圧ラミネーター(ニッコー・マテリアルズ社製2ステージビルドアップラミネーター「CVP700」)を用いて、樹脂組成物層が前記の内層基板と接合するように、内層基板の両面にラミネートした。このラミネートは、30秒間減圧して気圧を13hPa以下とした後、温度100℃、圧力0.74MPaにて30秒間圧着することにより、実施した。
ビアメカニクス社製CO2レーザー加工機(LK-2K212/2C)を使用して絶縁層を加工して、絶縁層にビアホールを形成した。前記の加工は、周波数2000Hz、パルス幅3μ秒、出力0.95W、ショット数3の条件で行った。また、形成されたビアホールは、絶縁層表面におけるトップ径(直径)が50μm、絶縁層底面における直径が40μmであった。トップ径とは、ビアホールの開口部の径を表す。さらにその後、PETフィルムを剥離した。
中間基板を、膨潤液であるアトテックジャパン社製のスエリングディップ・セキュリガントPに60℃で10分間浸漬した。次に、中間基板を、粗化液であるアトテックジャパン社製のコンセントレート・コンパクトP(KMnO4:60g/L、NaOH:40g/Lの水溶液)に80℃で20分間浸漬した。その後、中間基板を、中和液であるアトテックジャパン社製のリダクションソリューション・セキュリガントPに40℃で5分間浸漬した。得られた中間基板を、評価基板Aと呼ぶ。
評価基板Aのビアホールの底部(ビアボトム)の周囲を走査電子顕微鏡(SEM)にて観察した。この観察で得られた画像から、ビアホール底部の壁面からの最大スミア長を測定し、以下の基準で評価した。最大スミア長は、ビアホールの底部に形成されるスミアのうち、最も長いスミアの長さを表す。
「○」最大スミア長が5μm未満。
「×」最大スミア長が5μm以上。
評価基板Aについて、FIB-SEM複合装置(SIIナノテクノロジー社製「SMI3050SE」)を用いて、断面観察を行った。詳細には、FIB(集束イオンビーム)を用いて、絶縁層を、当該絶縁層の厚み方向に平行で且つビアホールのビアボトムの中心を通る断面が現れるように削り出した。この断面をSEMによって観察した。観察された画像から、ビアホールのボトム径、及びトップ径を測定した。ボトム径とはビアホールの底部の直径を表し、トップ径とはビアホールの開口の直径を表す。
実施例17~24及び比較例3における測定結果を、表2に示す。表2において、各成分の量の単位は質量部を表す。さらに、表2において、略称の意味は、下記の通りである。
Dk:比誘電率。
Df:誘電正接。
表1及び表2に示すとおり、樹脂組成物が本発明の活性エステル樹脂を含む場合、高温での誘電特性に優れる硬化物が得られることを確認した。また、本発明の活性エステル樹脂を樹脂架橋剤として用いる場合であっても、高温で良好な誘電特性を呈する硬化物をもたらすことができることを確認した。さらに、本発明の活性エステル樹脂を含む樹脂組成物によれば、通常、スミア除去性が良好で、ハローイングが小さい硬化物が得られることを確認した。
Claims (23)
- 1分子中に1個以上のα-メチルベンジル基を含有する活性エステル樹脂。
- 有機基ArCが、少なくとも1個の芳香環を含有する2価の炭化水素基を表す、請求項2に記載の活性エステル樹脂。
- 有機基ArCが、α-メチルベンジル基を含有する、請求項2に記載の活性エステル樹脂。
- α-メチルベンジル基が結合した芳香環を含有する、請求項1に記載の活性エステル樹脂。
- α-メチルベンジル基が結合した芳香環1個に対し、α-メチルベンジル基が、平均して1個~6個結合している、請求項6に記載の活性エステル樹脂。
- α-メチルベンジル基の含有量が、1質量%~60質量%の範囲にある、請求項1に記載の活性エステル樹脂。
- α-メチルベンジル基を含有する(X1-1)変性芳香族多価ヒドロキシ化合物を含む(X1)芳香族多価ヒドロキシ化合物と、(X2)芳香族カルボン酸化合物又は芳香族カルボン酸ハライド化合物と、(X3)芳香族モノヒドロキシ化合物と、の縮合反応物である、請求項1に記載の活性エステル樹脂。
- 請求項1~9のいずれか1項に記載の活性エステル樹脂の製造方法であって、
α-メチルベンジル基を含有する(X1-1)変性芳香族多価ヒドロキシ化合物を含む(X1)芳香族多価ヒドロキシ化合物と、(X2)芳香族カルボン酸化合物又は芳香族カルボン酸ハライド化合物と、(X3)芳香族モノヒドロキシ化合物と、を反応させる工程を含む、活性エステル樹脂の製造方法。 - 請求項1~9のいずれか1項に記載の活性エステル樹脂を含む、樹脂架橋剤。
- 請求項1~9のいずれか1項に記載の活性エステル樹脂と、架橋性樹脂と、を含む、樹脂組成物。
- 架橋性樹脂が、熱硬化性樹脂及びラジカル重合性樹脂からなる群から選択される1種以上を含む、請求項12に記載の樹脂組成物。
- プリント配線板の絶縁層形成用の請求項12に記載の樹脂組成物。
- 半導体チップ封止用の請求項12に記載の樹脂組成物。
- 請求項12に記載の樹脂組成物の硬化物。
- 請求項12に記載の樹脂組成物を含む、シート状積層材料。
- 支持体と、当該支持体上に形成された樹脂組成物層とを備え、
樹脂組成物層が、請求項12に記載の樹脂組成物を含む、樹脂シート。 - 請求項12に記載の樹脂組成物の硬化物を含む絶縁層を備える、プリント配線板。
- 請求項12に記載の樹脂組成物の硬化物を含む封止層を備える、半導体チップパッケージ。
- ファンアウト(Fan-Out)型パッケージである、請求項20に記載の半導体チップパッケージ。
- 請求項19に記載のプリント配線板を備える、半導体装置。
- 請求項20に記載の半導体チップパッケージを備える、半導体装置。
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2023
- 2023-03-23 CN CN202380029953.8A patent/CN118922468A/zh active Pending
- 2023-03-23 KR KR1020247032154A patent/KR20240164902A/ko active Pending
- 2023-03-23 JP JP2024512263A patent/JPWO2023190020A1/ja active Pending
- 2023-03-23 WO PCT/JP2023/011468 patent/WO2023190020A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2023-03-23 EP EP23780031.3A patent/EP4502002A1/en active Pending
- 2023-03-27 TW TW112111447A patent/TW202406974A/zh unknown
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