WO2022202571A1 - 空気調和機 - Google Patents
空気調和機 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022202571A1 WO2022202571A1 PCT/JP2022/012063 JP2022012063W WO2022202571A1 WO 2022202571 A1 WO2022202571 A1 WO 2022202571A1 JP 2022012063 W JP2022012063 W JP 2022012063W WO 2022202571 A1 WO2022202571 A1 WO 2022202571A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- refrigerant
- valve
- compressor
- heat exchanger
- indoor
- Prior art date
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
- F24F11/32—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies
- F24F11/36—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies to leakage of heat-exchange fluid
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
- F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
- F24F11/83—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers
- F24F11/84—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers using valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
- F25B41/24—Arrangement of shut-off valves for disconnecting a part of the refrigerant cycle, e.g. an outdoor part
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/005—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices of safety devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/023—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units
- F25B2313/0232—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units with bypasses
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/023—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units
- F25B2313/0233—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units in parallel arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
- F25B2500/22—Preventing, detecting or repairing leaks of refrigeration fluids
- F25B2500/222—Detecting refrigerant leaks
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/02—Compressor control
- F25B2600/025—Compressor control by controlling speed
- F25B2600/0251—Compressor control by controlling speed with on-off operation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/25—Control of valves
- F25B2600/2501—Bypass valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/25—Control of valves
- F25B2600/2519—On-off valves
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an air conditioner that includes an outdoor unit, a plurality of indoor units, and a refrigerant detection sensor.
- Patent Document 1 discloses an air conditioner that includes an outdoor unit and a plurality of indoor units. For each room, an indoor unit, a refrigerant sensor, a refrigerant leakage detection device that determines the presence or absence of refrigerant leakage based on the output of the refrigerant sensor, and when it is determined that refrigerant leakage has occurred by the refrigerant leakage detection device Equipped with an alarm that emits an alarm sound and a safety device that is activated when the refrigerant leak detection device determines that a refrigerant leak has occurred.
- a refrigerant leak detection system is disclosed that, when it is determined that a leak has occurred, closes a shut-off valve as a safety device in a room that has been determined to have a refrigerant leak.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a refrigerating apparatus equipped with a refrigerant circuit having a heat source side unit (outdoor unit) and a load side unit (indoor unit) connected by refrigerant pipes, wherein the heat source side unit includes a compressor and a condenser. and a refrigerant tank that stores the refrigerant condensed in the condenser, and an opening/closing device (shutoff valve) that controls the passage of the refrigerant that has flowed out of the refrigerant tank.
- the heat source side unit includes a compressor and a condenser.
- a refrigerant tank that stores the refrigerant condensed in the condenser
- an opening/closing device shutoff valve
- a refrigerant leakage detection means for detecting the refrigerant is provided, and when the detection result of the refrigerant leakage detection means is acquired and it is determined that the refrigerant is leaking, the switching device is closed and the refrigerant tank is closed.
- a refrigerating device is disclosed in which a refrigerant compressed by a compressor and condensed by a condenser is stored in the refrigeration system.
- the refrigerant leakage detection system disclosed in Patent Document 1 is provided with a shutoff valve as a safety device for each room in which the indoor unit is arranged, so that the refrigerant leaks in all the rooms where the shutoff valve is arranged. This is effective in terms of ensuring safety because the shut-off valve can be closed in any case.
- Patent Document 2 not only simply stops the operation of the compressor when the refrigerant leaks, but also closes the opening/closing device (shutoff valve) and compresses the refrigerant in the refrigerant tank with the compressor. Since the refrigerant condensed by the condenser is accumulated, it is effective in that the amount of leakage of the refrigerant can be suppressed.
- the refrigerant leakage detection system shown in Patent Document 1 is effective in terms of ensuring safety because a shutoff valve is provided as a safety device for each room in which the indoor unit is installed.
- a shutoff valve as a safety device is expensive, providing a shutoff valve as a safety device for each room causes an increase in cost.
- the refrigeration system disclosed in Patent Document 2 is effective in that it is possible to reduce the number of shutoff valves by arranging shutoff valves in the outdoor unit, but the amount of refrigerant remaining on the indoor unit side is large. Therefore, there is a problem that the amount of leakage to the indoor unit side eventually increases.
- the switching device shutoff valve
- the switching device is closed and the refrigerant compressed by the compressor and condensed by the condenser is stored in the refrigerant tank, it is effective in that the amount of refrigerant leakage can be suppressed. .
- the present invention provides an air conditioner in which a refrigerant sensor is installed in a room in which an outdoor unit, a plurality of indoor units, and an indoor unit are installed. It is an object of the present invention to provide an air conditioner capable of reducing the
- One aspect of the present invention provides an outdoor unit having an outdoor unit side refrigerant flow path in which a compressor and an outdoor heat exchanger are connected by refrigerant piping, and a plurality of indoor units each including an indoor unit side expansion valve and an indoor heat exchanger.
- the indoor unit side refrigerant flow path where the compressor is connected in parallel with the refrigerant piping, the outdoor unit side refrigerant flow path and the indoor unit side refrigerant flow path are connected, and the refrigerant flows from the compressor to the outdoor heat exchanger and the indoor unit side.
- An air conditioner that performs air-conditioning operation, comprising a refrigerant circuit that circulates through an expansion valve and an indoor heat exchanger to a compressor, and a refrigerant detection sensor that detects refrigerant leakage into a room where the indoor unit is installed, A liquid side shutoff valve connected between the outdoor heat exchanger and the indoor unit side expansion valve, a gas side shutoff valve connected between the indoor heat exchanger and the compressor, and a liquid side shutoff valve at one end.
- a bypass is connected between the expansion valve on the indoor unit side and the other end is connected between the shutoff valve on the gas side and the compressor. During air conditioning operation, the bypass is closed and a refrigerant detection sensor detects refrigerant leakage.
- the air conditioner includes a bypass electromagnetic valve that opens the bypass passage when the bypass passage is opened.
- the present invention aims to reduce the amount of refrigerant leakage while limiting the installation cost of a shutoff valve in an air conditioner in which a refrigerant sensor is installed in a room in which an outdoor unit, a plurality of indoor units, and an indoor unit are installed.
- FIG. 2 is a refrigerant circuit diagram of the indoor conditioner in the first embodiment
- FIG. 3 is a refrigerant circuit diagram during cooling operation of the indoor conditioner in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a refrigerant circuit diagram during heating operation of the indoor conditioner in the first embodiment.
- It is a refrigerant circuit diagram of the indoor conditioner in the second embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a refrigerant circuit diagram during cooling operation of the indoor conditioner in the second embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a refrigerant circuit diagram during heating operation of the indoor conditioner in the second embodiment.
- FIG. 1 shows a refrigerant circuit diagram of an air conditioner 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the air conditioner 1 is capable of cooling operation and heating operation, and includes one outdoor unit 2 arranged outdoors and four indoor units 3a-3d arranged indoors 50a-50d.
- the outdoor unit 2 includes an outdoor unit side refrigerant flow path 10 connected by a refrigerant pipe 5, and on the indoor units 3a to 3d side, four indoor units 3a to 3d are connected in parallel by the refrigerant pipe 5.
- An indoor-unit-side refrigerant channel 30 is provided.
- the outdoor unit side refrigerant flow path 10 and the indoor unit side refrigerant flow path 30 are connected by a pair of connection valves 26a and 26b to form a refrigerant circuit 25 in which the refrigerant circulates.
- the air conditioner 1 also includes refrigerant detection sensors 38a to 38d arranged in the indoor units 50a to 50d, respectively.
- the refrigerant detection sensors 38a to 38d are sensors for detecting refrigerant leaking from the indoor units 3a to 3d. .
- the refrigerant detection sensor will be described as the refrigerant detection sensor 38, except for special cases.
- the outdoor unit 2 supplies outside air to the compressor 11, the four-way valve 12, the outdoor heat exchanger 13, the outdoor unit side expansion valve 14, the accumulator 15, and the outdoor heat exchanger 13 connected to the outdoor unit side refrigerant flow path 10. It has a blower (not shown) for sending.
- a four-way valve is connected to the discharge side of the compressor 11, and an accumulator 15 is connected to the suction side of the compressor 11. During cooling operation, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 11 passes through the four-way valve 12.
- the outdoor heat exchanger 13 the outdoor unit side expansion valve 14, one connection valve 26a, the refrigerant flowing from the other connection valve 26b, through the four-way valve 12, the accumulator 15, the compressor 11 It is arranged so that it flows to the intake side of the Further, during heating operation, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 11 flows through the four-way valve 12 to the other connection valve 26b, and the refrigerant flowing from the one connection valve 26a flows into the outdoor unit side expansion valve 14 and the outdoor unit. It is arranged so as to flow to the suction side of the accumulator 15 and the compressor 11 via the heat exchanger 13 and the four-way valve 12 .
- the compressor 11 sucks the refrigerant circulating through the refrigerant circuit 25 from the suction side and discharges the compressed refrigerant from the discharge side.
- the four-way valve 12 is a switching valve that changes the flow of the circulating refrigerant between during the cooling operation and during the heating operation, as described above.
- the outdoor heat exchanger 13 exchanges heat between the refrigerant flowing through the four-way valve 12 and passing through the outdoor heat exchanger 13 and the outside air, and radiates heat to the outside air to condense the refrigerant. Exchanger.
- the refrigerant flowing from the outdoor unit side expansion valve 14 and passing through the outdoor heat exchanger 13 is heat-exchanged with the outside air, and the heat exchanger absorbs heat from the outside air to evaporate the refrigerant.
- the outdoor unit side expansion valve 14 has a function of decompressing the flowing refrigerant, but does not have such a function during cooling operation, and functions simply as a passage through which the refrigerant passes. At the time of heating operation, it is decompression means for decompressing the refrigerant flowing from one of the connection valves 26a.
- the accumulator 15 separates the refrigerant flowing from the four-way valve 12 into gas and liquid, stores the liquid-phase refrigerant, and sends the gas-phase refrigerant to the suction side of the compressor 11 .
- the indoor unit 3a includes an indoor unit side expansion valve 36a, an indoor heat exchanger 35a, and a blower (not shown) for sending indoor air to the indoor heat exchanger 35a.
- the indoor unit 3b includes an indoor unit side expansion valve 36b, an indoor heat exchanger 35b, and a blower (not shown), and the other indoor units 3c and 3d are similar.
- the indoor unit 3, the indoor heat exchanger 35, and the indoor unit expansion valve 36 will be referred to as the indoor units, the indoor heat exchangers, and the indoor unit side expansion valves, except for special cases.
- the indoor unit side refrigerant flow path 30 has a pair of connection pipes 31a and 31b, one end of one connection pipe 31a is connected to one connection valve 26a, and the other end is a liquid side branch portion 33, which is a plurality of branched portions.
- a tube 32a is connected.
- One end of the other connection pipe 31b is connected to the other connection valve 26b, and the other end is connected to a plurality of branch pipes 32b as a gas side branch portion 34.
- the liquid side branch portion 33 is divided into two branch pipes 32a, and each of the two branch pipes 32a is further divided into two branch pipes 32a via the liquid side branch portion 33.
- Four branch pipes 32a are arranged on the side.
- the other connecting pipe 31b is also the same.
- branch pipes 32b are arranged on the terminal side.
- An indoor unit side expansion valve 36 and an indoor heat exchanger 35 are arranged between the branch pipe 32a and the branch pipe 32b.
- the branch pipe 32a is connected to the indoor unit side expansion valve 36
- the indoor unit side expansion valve 36 is connected to the indoor heat exchanger 35
- the indoor heat exchanger 35 is connected to the branch pipe 32b.
- the refrigerant in the indoor unit side refrigerant flow path 30 flows from the indoor unit side expansion valve 36 to the indoor heat exchanger 35 via the connection pipe 31a and the branch pipe 32a from one of the connection valves 26a. It flows to the other connection valve 26b via the branch pipe 32b and the connection pipe 31b.
- the air flows from the other connection valve 26b through the connection pipe 31b and the branch pipe 32b from the indoor heat exchanger 35 to the indoor unit side expansion valve 36, and through the branch pipe 32a and the connection pipe 31a. Flow to valve 26a.
- the indoor unit side expansion valve 36 functions as decompression means for decompressing the flowing refrigerant during cooling operation. During heating operation, it does not function as a decompressing means, but simply functions as a passage through which the refrigerant passes.
- the indoor heat exchanger 35 exchanges heat between the refrigerant flowing through the indoor unit side expansion valve 36 and passing through the indoor heat exchanger 35 and indoor air, and absorbs heat from the indoor air. Evaporate the refrigerant.
- the refrigerant flowing from the other connection valve 26b and passing through the indoor heat exchanger 35 is heat-exchanged with indoor air, and the refrigerant is condensed by releasing heat to the indoor air.
- the refrigerant circuit 25 is further provided with a liquid side cutoff valve 16, a gas side cutoff valve 17, a bypass passage 18, and a bypass electromagnetic valve 19.
- the liquid side shutoff valve 16 is connected to the refrigerant pipe 5 between the outdoor unit side expansion valve 14 and one connection valve 26a, and the gas side shutoff valve 17 is connected between the four-way valve 12 and the other connection valve 26b. It is connected to the refrigerant pipe 5 .
- the liquid-side shutoff valve 16 and the gas-side shutoff valve 17 are normally in an open state to allow passage of the refrigerant, and are closed when the refrigerant detection sensor 38 detects a refrigerant leak, which will be described in detail later.
- bypass passage 18 One end of the bypass passage 18 is connected to the refrigerant pipe 5 between the liquid side shutoff valve 16 and one connection valve 26a, and the other end is connected to the refrigerant pipe 5 between the four-way valve 12 and the gas side shutoff valve 17. It is connected.
- the bypass solenoid valve 19 is connected to the bypass passage 18 and is normally in a closed state, and when the refrigerant detection sensor 38 detects refrigerant leakage, the bypass solenoid valve 19 is in an open state in which the refrigerant can pass, although the details will be described later.
- the air conditioner 1 includes a control means 40 that controls the outdoor unit 2 and the indoor unit 3 to perform cooling operation and heating operation. Specifically, the control means 40 sends outside air to the compressor 11, the four-way valve 12, the outdoor unit side expansion valve 14, and the outdoor heat exchanger 13 arranged in the outdoor unit 2 based on various sensors (not shown). A blower (not shown) for sending outside air to the indoor unit side expansion valve 36 and the indoor heat exchanger 35 arranged in the indoor unit 3 is controlled. Further, the control means controls the liquid side cutoff valve 16, the gas side cutoff valve 17, and the bypass solenoid valve 19 based on the refrigerant detection sensor 38. FIG.
- FIG. 2 the flow of the refrigerant during the cooling operation of the refrigerant circuit 25 will be described.
- Arrows in FIG. 2 indicate the direction of flow of the coolant.
- the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 11 passes through the outdoor heat exchanger 13 via the four-way valve 12, and when passing through the outdoor heat exchanger 13, the refrigerant condenses into a high-pressure liquid. It becomes a refrigerant.
- the high-pressure liquid refrigerant passes through the outdoor unit side expansion valve 14, the liquid side cutoff valve 16, one connecting valve 26a, one connecting pipe 31a, branch pipe 32a, indoor unit side expansion valves 36a to 36d, and indoor heat exchangers 35a to Pass 35d.
- the high-pressure liquid refrigerant is decompressed when passing through the indoor unit side expansion valves 36a to 36d, absorbs heat when passing through the indoor heat exchangers 35a to 35d, and becomes gaseous refrigerant, branch pipe 32b, the other connecting pipe 31b, It passes through the other connection valve 26b and the gas-side cutoff valve 17, flows to the accumulator 15 via the four-way valve 12, and is sucked into the compressor 11. That is, during the cooling operation, the refrigerant is a high pressure liquid refrigerant between the outdoor heat exchanger 13 and the indoor unit side expansion valves 36a to 36d, and between the indoor heat exchangers 35a to 35d to the compressor 11. A low-pressure gas refrigerant is used in between.
- one end of the bypass 18 is connected to a refrigerant pipe through which high-pressure liquid refrigerant flows, and the other end of the bypass 18 is connected to a refrigerant pipe through which low-pressure gas refrigerant flows.
- FIG. 3 The flow of the refrigerant during the heating operation of the refrigerant circuit 25 will be described using FIG. Arrows in FIG. 3 indicate the direction of flow of the coolant.
- the high-temperature, high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 11 passes through the four-way valve 12 to the gas side cutoff valve 17, the other connection valve 26b, the other connection pipe 31b, the branch pipe 32b, and the indoor heat exchanger 35a. Pass ⁇ 35d.
- the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant radiates heat and condenses while passing through the indoor heat exchangers 35a to 35d to become a high-pressure liquid refrigerant.
- the high-pressure liquid refrigerant passes through the indoor unit side expansion valves 36a to 36d, the branch pipe 32a, one connecting pipe 31a, one connecting valve 26a, the liquid side cutoff valve 16, the outdoor unit side expansion valve 14, and the outdoor heat exchanger 13. pass.
- the high-pressure refrigerant is decompressed when passing through the outdoor unit side expansion valve 14, absorbs heat when passing through the outdoor heat exchanger 13, and becomes a low-pressure gas refrigerant.
- a low-pressure gas refrigerant is sucked into the compressor 11 via the four-way valve 12 and the accumulator 15 .
- the refrigerant is a high-pressure gas refrigerant between the compressor 11 and the indoor heat exchangers 35a to 35d, and between the indoor heat exchangers 35a to 35d and the liquid side cutoff valve 16.
- the refrigerant is a high-pressure liquid refrigerant and a low-pressure gas refrigerant between the outdoor heat exchanger 13 and the compressor 11 . Therefore, during heating operation, one end of the bypass 18 is connected to a refrigerant pipe through which high-pressure liquid refrigerant flows, and the other end of the bypass 18 is connected to a refrigerant pipe through which high-pressure gas refrigerant flows. .
- the control means 40 stops the compressor 11, and then closes all the indoor unit side expansion valves 36a to 36d. Due to this operation, high-pressure refrigerant is not sent to the indoor unit 3a in which refrigerant leakage has occurred, so that the amount of refrigerant leakage can be reduced.
- the liquid side shutoff valve 16 and the gas side shutoff valve 17 are closed, and then the bypass electromagnetic valve 19 is opened. Due to this operation, during cooling operation, one end of the bypass 18 is connected to the refrigerant pipe through which the high-pressure liquid refrigerant flows, and the other end of the bypass 18 is connected to the refrigerant pipe through which the low-pressure gas refrigerant flows. Therefore, the refrigerant flows through the bypass passage 18 as indicated by the dashed arrows shown in FIG.
- the liquid refrigerant in the refrigerant pipe 5 can be recovered to the outdoor unit 2 side by utilizing the high and low pressure difference of the refrigerant, and the amount of refrigerant leakage can be reduced.
- the control means 40 stops the compressor 11 and then closes the gas side cutoff valve 17 . Due to this operation, high-pressure refrigerant is not sent to the indoor unit 3a in which refrigerant leakage has occurred, so that the amount of refrigerant leakage can be reduced.
- the liquid refrigerant in the refrigerant pipe cannot be recovered to the outdoor unit side by using the high and low pressure difference of the refrigerant, but all the indoor unit side expansion valves 36a to 36d and the liquid side By closing the cut-off valve 16, the high-density, high-pressure liquid refrigerant can be prevented from being sent to the indoor unit 3a in which refrigerant leakage has occurred, so that the amount of refrigerant leakage can be reduced.
- the control means 40 also includes differential pressure calculation means 41 for calculating the high-low pressure difference in the refrigerant circuit 25 .
- the high-low pressure difference in the refrigerant circuit 25 can be detected by providing pressure sensors (not shown) on the inlet side and the outlet side of the indoor heat exchanger 35 . Alternatively, the saturation pressure from the intermediate temperature of the indoor heat exchanger 35 can be calculated.
- the differential pressure calculating means 41 is used when the refrigerant detection sensor 38a detects refrigerant leakage will be described.
- the control means 40 uses the differential pressure calculation means 41 to calculate the high-low pressure difference in the refrigerant circuit 25 .
- a predetermined threshold value predetermined value
- differential pressure ensuring operation for operating the compressor 11 until the calculated high-low pressure difference in the refrigerant circuit 25 becomes equal to or greater than the predetermined threshold. to run.
- the compressor 11 is stopped when the calculated high-low pressure difference in the refrigerant circuit 25 becomes equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value. Subsequent operations perform the operations described above.
- the invention of the present embodiment recovers the liquid refrigerant in the refrigerant pipe to the outdoor unit side by utilizing the high and low pressure difference of the refrigerant when the refrigerant leaks in the room 50.
- the high and low pressure difference in the refrigerant circuit 25 is small, it is not possible to sufficiently recover the liquid refrigerant in the refrigerant pipe to the outdoor unit side by using the high and low pressure difference of the refrigerant.
- the differential pressure calculating means 41 for calculating the high and low pressure difference of the refrigerant circuit 25 can be obtained, and the high and low pressure difference of the refrigerant can be used to adjust the pressure inside the refrigerant pipe.
- the liquid refrigerant can be recovered to the outdoor unit side.
- FIG. 1 The difference between the air conditioner 1 according to the second embodiment and the air conditioner 1 according to the first embodiment is that the other end of the bypass passage 18 is different from that of the air conditioner 1 according to the first embodiment. It is connected to the refrigerant pipe 5 between the valve 12 and the compressor 11, and other configurations are the same as those of the air conditioner 1 according to the first embodiment.
- the same reference numerals will be used for configurations common to the air conditioner 1 according to the first embodiment, and descriptions of configurations common to the air conditioner 1 according to the first embodiment will be omitted.
- FIG. 5 shows the flow of the refrigerant during the cooling operation of the refrigerant circuit 25, and the arrows indicate the direction of the flow of the refrigerant.
- FIG. 6 shows the flow of the refrigerant during the heating operation of the refrigerant circuit 25, and the arrows indicate the direction of the flow of the refrigerant.
- the refrigerant is a high pressure liquid refrigerant between the outdoor heat exchanger 13 and the indoor unit side expansion valves 36a to 36d, and between the indoor heat exchangers 35a to 35d and the compressor 11 It is a low-pressure gas refrigerant.
- one end of the bypass 18 is connected to a refrigerant pipe through which high-pressure liquid refrigerant flows, and the other end of the bypass 18 is connected to a refrigerant pipe through which low-pressure gas refrigerant flows.
- the refrigerant is a high-pressure gas refrigerant between the compressor 11 and the indoor heat exchangers 35a to 35d, and between the indoor heat exchangers 35a to 35d and the liquid side cutoff valve 16,
- the refrigerant is a high-pressure liquid refrigerant and a low-pressure gas refrigerant between the outdoor heat exchanger 13 and the compressor 11 . Therefore, during heating operation, one end of the bypass 18 is connected to a refrigerant pipe through which high-pressure liquid refrigerant flows, and the other end of the bypass 18 is connected to a refrigerant pipe through which low-pressure gas refrigerant flows. .
- one end of the bypass 18 is connected to the refrigerant pipe through which the high-pressure liquid refrigerant flows, and the other end of the bypass 18 is connected.
- the end is connected to a refrigerant line through which a low pressure gaseous refrigerant flows.
- the control means 40 stops the compressor 11, and then closes all the indoor unit side expansion valves 36a to 36d. Due to this operation, high-pressure refrigerant is not sent to the indoor unit 3a in which refrigerant leakage has occurred, so that the amount of refrigerant leakage can be reduced.
- the liquid side shutoff valve 16 and the gas side shutoff valve 17 are closed, and then the bypass electromagnetic valve 19 is opened. Due to this operation, during cooling operation, one end of the bypass 18 is connected to the refrigerant pipe through which the high-pressure liquid refrigerant flows, and the other end of the bypass 18 is connected to the refrigerant pipe through which the low-pressure gas refrigerant flows. Therefore, the refrigerant flows through the bypass passage 18 as indicated by the dashed arrows shown in FIG.
- the liquid refrigerant in the refrigerant pipe can be recovered to the outdoor unit side using the high and low pressure difference of the refrigerant, reducing the amount of refrigerant leakage. can be achieved.
- the control means 40 stops the compressor 11 and then closes the gas side cutoff valve 17 . Due to this operation, high-pressure refrigerant is not sent to the indoor unit 3a in which refrigerant leakage has occurred, so that the amount of refrigerant leakage can be reduced.
- the liquid refrigerant in the refrigerant pipe can be recovered to the outdoor unit side using the high and low pressure difference of the refrigerant, reducing the amount of refrigerant leakage. can be achieved. Therefore, in the second embodiment, unlike the first embodiment, if any of the refrigerant detection sensors 38a to 38d detects refrigerant leakage during cooling operation and heating operation, the high and low pressure difference of the refrigerant is detected. It is possible to recover the liquid refrigerant in the refrigerant pipe to the outdoor unit side.
- the liquid side cutoff valve 16 is on the outdoor unit side refrigerant flow path 10 and is connected to the refrigerant pipe 5 between the outdoor unit side expansion valve 14 and one of the connection valves 26a.
- the shutoff valve 17 is on the outdoor unit side refrigerant flow path 10 and is connected to the refrigerant pipe 5 between the four-way valve 12 and the other connection valve 26b. 17 may be connected to the indoor unit side refrigerant flow path 30 .
- the liquid side cutoff valve 16 is connected to the refrigerant pipe 5 between the connection valve 26a on one side and the liquid side branch portion 33
- the gas side cutoff valve 17 is connected to the connection valve 26b on the other side and the gas side branch portion.
- one end of the bypass line 18 is connected to the refrigerant pipe 5 between the liquid side cutoff valve 16 and the liquid side branch portion 33, and the other end is connected between the four-way valve 12 and the gas side cutoff valve 17. is connected to the refrigerant pipe 5 of the indoor unit side refrigerant flow path 30 .
- the liquid side shutoff valve 16 and the gas side shutoff valve 17 are connected to the outdoor unit side refrigerant flow path 10
- the liquid side shutoff valve 16 and the gas side shutoff valve 16 and the gas side shutoff valve 16 are prevented from the indoor unit 3 where refrigerant leakage occurs. Since the distance of the refrigerant pipe to the valve 17 is shortened, the leakage amount of the refrigerant can be reduced.
- the liquid side shutoff valve 16 connected between the outdoor heat exchanger 13 and the indoor unit side expansion valve 36
- the gas side shutoff valve connected between the indoor heat exchanger 35 and the compressor 11 17 and a bypass passage, one of which is connected between the liquid-side shut-off valve 16 and the indoor unit-side expansion valve 36, and the other is connected between the gas-side shut-off valve 17 and the compressor 11.
- 18 and the bypass electromagnetic valve 19 that closes the bypass 18 during air conditioning operation and opens the bypass 18 when the refrigerant detection sensor 38 detects a refrigerant leak. It is possible to reduce the leakage amount of the refrigerant while limiting the installation cost of the shutoff valve.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (8)
- 圧縮機と室外熱交換器とが冷媒配管で接続された室外機側冷媒流路を有する室外機と、
室内機側膨張弁と室内熱交換器を備えた複数の室内機が前記冷媒配管で並列に接続された室内機側冷媒流路と、
前記室外機側冷媒流路と前記室内機側冷媒流路が接続されて、冷媒が前記圧縮機から、前記室外熱交換器、前記室内機側膨張弁、前記室内熱交換器を経て前記圧縮機へと循環する冷媒回路と、
前記室内機が設置される室内への冷媒漏れを検知する冷媒検知センサと、を備えて空調運転を行う空気調和機において、
前記室外熱交換器と前記室内機側膨張弁との間に接続される液側遮断弁と、
前記室内熱交換器と前記圧縮機との間に接続されるガス側遮断弁と、
一端が前記液側遮断弁と前記室内機側膨張弁との間に接続され、他端が前記ガス側遮断弁と前記圧縮機との間に接続されるバイパス路と、
空調運転時に前記バイパス路を閉とし、前記冷媒検知センサが冷媒漏れを検知した場合は、前記バイパス路を開とするバイパス電磁弁と、
を備えていることを特徴とする空気調和機。 - 複数の前記室内機は、前記室内機側冷媒流路に設けられた分岐部を介して並列に接続する複数の前記冷媒配管に毎に接続され、
前記液側遮断弁は、前記室外熱交換器と前記分岐部との間に接続され、
前記ガス側遮断弁は、前記圧縮機と前記分岐部との間に接続され、
前記バイパス路の一端は、前記液側遮断弁と前記分岐部との間に接続されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の空気調和機。 - 前記室外熱交換器と前記液側遮断弁との間に接続する室外機側膨張弁と、
前記圧縮機と前記室外熱交換器との間に接続され、前記圧縮機の吐出側と前記室外熱交換器との接続または前記圧縮機の吸込側と前記室外熱交換器との接続を切り換える四方弁と、を備えて、冷房運転と暖房運転が可能であって、
冷房運転時には、冷媒が前記圧縮機から、前記四方弁、前記室外熱交換器、前記室外機側膨張弁、前記液側遮断弁、前記室内機側冷媒流路、前記ガス側遮断弁、前記四方弁を経て前記圧縮機へと流れ、
暖房運転時には、冷媒が前記圧縮機から、前記四方弁、前記ガス側遮断弁、前記室内機側冷媒流路、前記液側遮断弁、前記室外機側膨張弁、前記室外熱交換器、前記四方弁を経て前記圧縮機へと流れ、
前記バイパス路の他端は、前記ガス側遮断弁と前記四方弁と間に接続されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の空気調和機。 - 前記室外熱交換器と前記液側遮断弁との間に接続する室外機側膨張弁と、
前記圧縮機と前記室外熱交換器との間に接続され、前記圧縮機の吐出側と前記室外熱交換器との接続または前記圧縮機の吸込側と前記室外熱交換器との接続を切り換える四方弁と、を備えて、冷房運転と暖房運転が可能であって、
冷房運転時には、冷媒が前記圧縮機から、前記四方弁、前記室外熱交換器、前記室外機側膨張弁、前記液側遮断弁、前記室内機側冷媒流路、前記ガス側遮断弁、前記四方弁を経て前記圧縮機へと流れ、
暖房運転時には、冷媒が前記圧縮機から、前記四方弁、前記ガス側遮断弁、前記室内機側冷媒流路、前記液側遮断弁、前記室外機側膨張弁、前記室外熱交換器、前記四方弁を経て前記圧縮機へと流れ、
前記バイパス路の他端は、前記四方弁と前記圧縮機との間に接続されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の空気調和機。 - 前記液側遮断弁は、前記室外熱交換器と前記室内機側冷媒流路との間に接続され、ガス側遮断弁は、前記室内機側冷媒流路と前記圧縮機との間に接続されることを特徴とする請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載の空気調和機。
- 空調運転を制御する制御手段を備え、
冷房運転時に前記冷媒検知センサが前記室内への冷媒漏れを検知した場合、前記制御手段は、前記圧縮機を停止し、その後、全ての前記室内機側膨張弁を閉とし、その後、前記ガス側遮断弁および前記液側遮断弁を閉とし、その後、前記バイパス電磁弁を開とすることを特徴とする請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載の空気調和機。 - 空調運転を制御する制御手段を備え、
暖房運転時に前記冷媒検知センサが前記室内への冷媒漏れを検知した場合、前記制御手段は、前記圧縮機を停止し、その後、前記ガス側遮断弁を閉とし、その後、全ての前記室内機側膨張弁および前記液側遮断弁を閉とし、その後、前記バイパス電磁弁を開とすることを特徴とする請求項3または4に記載の空気調和機。 - 前記制御手段は、前記冷媒回路の高低圧差を算出する差圧算出手段を備え、
前記冷媒検知センサが冷媒漏れを検知した場合における前記差圧算出手段が算出した高低差圧が所定値未満の場合は、前記圧縮機を動作させる差圧確保運転を実行し、
前記差圧確保運転の実行によって、前記高低差圧が所定値以上となった場合に、前記圧縮機を停止させることを特徴とする請求項6または7に記載の空気調和機。
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JP6456487B2 (ja) | 2015-04-23 | 2019-01-23 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 冷凍装置 |
WO2017002215A1 (ja) | 2015-06-30 | 2017-01-05 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 冷媒漏洩検知システム |
WO2017191814A1 (ja) * | 2016-05-02 | 2017-11-09 | 東芝キヤリア株式会社 | 冷凍サイクル装置 |
JP6935720B2 (ja) * | 2017-10-12 | 2021-09-15 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 冷凍装置 |
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JP2013122364A (ja) * | 2011-11-07 | 2013-06-20 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 冷凍空調装置及び冷凍空調システム |
WO2016157519A1 (ja) * | 2015-04-03 | 2016-10-06 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 空気調和装置 |
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