WO2022131293A1 - 酸化スズ結晶子連珠または酸化スズと酸化チタンの複合酸化物結晶子連珠 - Google Patents
酸化スズ結晶子連珠または酸化スズと酸化チタンの複合酸化物結晶子連珠 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022131293A1 WO2022131293A1 PCT/JP2021/046284 JP2021046284W WO2022131293A1 WO 2022131293 A1 WO2022131293 A1 WO 2022131293A1 JP 2021046284 W JP2021046284 W JP 2021046284W WO 2022131293 A1 WO2022131293 A1 WO 2022131293A1
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- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 title abstract description 30
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 88
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011049 pearl Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 32
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 25
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 21
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)-N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C(=O)NCCC(N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 105
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 72
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 49
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 31
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 29
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 24
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 22
- 229910006404 SnO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 21
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- AYOHIQLKSOJJQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyltin Chemical compound CCCC[Sn]CCCC AYOHIQLKSOJJQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(O)=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 8
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- FPCJKVGGYOAWIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-ol;titanium Chemical compound [Ti].CCCCO.CCCCO.CCCCO.CCCCO FPCJKVGGYOAWIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CCNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 7
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- -1 organic acid tin salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- OSXGKVOYAKRLCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropan-2-olate;tin(4+) Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O[Sn](OC(C)(C)C)(OC(C)(C)C)OC(C)(C)C OSXGKVOYAKRLCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003606 tin compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000003609 titanium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- OHVLMTFVQDZYHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)-2-[4-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]ethanone Chemical compound N1N=NC=2CN(CCC=21)C(CN1CCN(CC1)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)=O OHVLMTFVQDZYHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HMUNWXXNJPVALC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]-2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)C(CN1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O HMUNWXXNJPVALC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LDXJRKWFNNFDSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)-1-[4-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]ethanone Chemical compound C1CN(CC2=NNN=C21)CC(=O)N3CCN(CC3)C4=CN=C(N=C4)NCC5=CC(=CC=C5)OC(F)(F)F LDXJRKWFNNFDSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WZFUQSJFWNHZHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)CC(=O)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 WZFUQSJFWNHZHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JQMFQLVAJGZSQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]-N-(2-oxo-3H-1,3-benzoxazol-6-yl)acetamide Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)CC(=O)NC1=CC2=C(NC(O2)=O)C=C1 JQMFQLVAJGZSQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YLZOPXRUQYQQID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)-1-[4-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]propan-1-one Chemical compound N1N=NC=2CN(CCC=21)CCC(=O)N1CCN(CC1)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F YLZOPXRUQYQQID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CONKBQPVFMXDOV-QHCPKHFHSA-N 6-[(5S)-5-[[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]methyl]-2-oxo-1,3-oxazolidin-3-yl]-3H-1,3-benzoxazol-2-one Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)C[C@H]1CN(C(O1)=O)C1=CC2=C(NC(O2)=O)C=C1 CONKBQPVFMXDOV-QHCPKHFHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NDGSBJSAXJUQTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;phosphorous acid Chemical compound N.OP(O)O NDGSBJSAXJUQTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QORWLRPWMJEJKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-olate;tantalum(5+) Chemical compound [Ta+5].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-] QORWLRPWMJEJKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012050 conventional carrier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 2
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 2
- 238000002847 impedance measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- QASMZJKUEABJNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanolate;tantalum(5+) Chemical compound [Ta+5].[O-]C.[O-]C.[O-]C.[O-]C.[O-]C QASMZJKUEABJNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003482 tantalum compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- NGCRLFIYVFOUMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dichloroquinoxaline-6-carbonyl chloride Chemical compound N1=C(Cl)C(Cl)=NC2=CC(C(=O)Cl)=CC=C21 NGCRLFIYVFOUMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SXAMGRAIZSSWIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[3-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl]-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C1=NOC(=N1)CC(=O)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 SXAMGRAIZSSWIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZRPAUEVGEGEPFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]pyrazol-1-yl]-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C=1C=NN(C=1)CC(=O)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 ZRPAUEVGEGEPFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JVKRKMWZYMKVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]pyrazol-1-yl]-N-(2-oxo-3H-1,3-benzoxazol-6-yl)acetamide Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C=1C=NN(C=1)CC(=O)NC1=CC2=C(NC(O2)=O)C=C1 JVKRKMWZYMKVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001293 FEMA 3089 Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000779819 Syncarpia glomulifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002848 electrochemical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);tantalum(5+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ta+5].[Ta+5] BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001739 pinus spp. Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001936 tantalum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940036248 turpentine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G35/00—Compounds of tantalum
- C01G35/006—Compounds containing tantalum, with or without oxygen or hydrogen, and containing two or more other elements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G19/00—Compounds of tin
- C01G19/02—Oxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G35/00—Compounds of tantalum
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/88—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/8817—Treatment of supports before application of the catalytic active composition
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
- H01M4/9075—Catalytic material supported on carriers, e.g. powder carriers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/20—Two-dimensional structures
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/50—Solid solutions
- C01P2002/52—Solid solutions containing elements as dopants
- C01P2002/54—Solid solutions containing elements as dopants one element only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/60—Compounds characterised by their crystallite size
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/50—Agglomerated particles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/60—Optical properties, e.g. expressed in CIELAB-values
- C01P2006/62—L* (lightness axis)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/60—Optical properties, e.g. expressed in CIELAB-values
- C01P2006/63—Optical properties, e.g. expressed in CIELAB-values a* (red-green axis)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/60—Optical properties, e.g. expressed in CIELAB-values
- C01P2006/64—Optical properties, e.g. expressed in CIELAB-values b* (yellow-blue axis)
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a tin oxide crystallite bead or a composite oxide crystallite bead of tin oxide and titanium oxide, and to a tin oxide crystallite bead having a nano-sized crystallite diameter but containing tantalum and having a specific color.
- Tin oxide is known as a material used for electrodes of fuel cells and the like.
- the electrode of a fuel cell has a structure in which a metal as a catalyst is supported on a carrier having conductivity, and conventionally (1) carbon particles on which noble metal alloy particles are supported (Patent Documents 1, 6). 7) Alternatively, there are those in which perobskite-type oxide fine particles and base metal oxides are supported (Patent Documents 2 to 5), and (2) those in which a noble metal is supported on a metal oxide (Patent Document 5), but (1).
- the one using the carbon particles of (2) as a carrier has no oxidation resistance, and the one using the metal oxide of (2) as a carrier has a problem of low dissolution resistance.
- Nb-doped tin oxide is used as a carrier (Patent Document 8), and (4) Nb or Ta-doped tin oxide nano-particle structure is used as a carrier (Patent Document 9).
- the Nb-doped product of (3) has not only poor air permeability but also high interfacial resistance of particles and low conductivity, and the nano-ream structure of (4) has good poreability. Although the interfacial resistance is reduced and the catalytic activity is good, the reduction of the internal resistance of the battery is still insufficient.
- the present inventors have repeatedly studied the nano-renju structure of tin oxide containing Ta in the above-mentioned prior proposal (Patent Document 8).
- the hue and conductivity of the previously proposed structure and the structure of the present application (hereinafter, also referred to as “the structure of the present application”) were evaluated.
- the structure of the present application has a specific hue, that is, a lightness L * value, and the chromaticity a * value and the chromaticity b * value have a specific numerical range as compared with the previously proposed structure, the conductivity is 10. It was found that the performance is more than double (internal resistance is 1/10).
- both the previously proposed structure and the structure of the present application had the same color a * value in the range of -7 to -4. It has also been confirmed that this high conductivity performance lasts for a long period of time.
- the tin oxide crystallite renju or the composite oxide crystallite renju of tin oxide and titanium oxide of the present invention was made based on the above-mentioned confirmation items.
- the crystal particle mass is made into a thickness of 1 cm at a pressure of 0.1 MPa, and is represented in the Lab color space by a normal reflected light removing optical system using a spectrocolorimeter (manufactured by Konica Minolta, model CM-5). The hue of the crystal particle mass was measured.
- the brightness L * value representing the color of the particle mass in the Lab color space is 80 or less, the chromaticity a * value is -4 or less, and the chromaticity b * is -3 or less. It is characterized by being a tin oxide crystal particle mass containing at least one particle having a crystallite diameter of 5 to 50 nm or a continuous bead composed of a composite oxide crystal grain mass of tin oxide and titanium oxide.
- the tin oxide crystallite bead of the present invention or the composite oxide crystallite bead of tin oxide and titanium oxide has excellent conductivity, can be used as various conductive materials, and has a high porosity. Therefore, it is more effective than a conventional carrier as a carrier for a catalyst for an electrode of a fuel cell.
- a conventional carrier as a carrier for a catalyst for an electrode of a fuel cell.
- the activity of the catalyst component can be improved, it can be effectively used not only as a catalyst for an electrode of a fuel cell but also as a carrier for various other catalysts. It does not oxidize and dissolve not only by strong acid but also by high potential, and has high durability.
- tin oxide crystal or the composite oxide crystal of tin oxide and titanium oxide in the present invention (hereinafter, these two types of crystals may be collectively abbreviated as "tin oxide crystal") is a crystal.
- the inclusion of tantalum changes the electronic state in the tin oxide crystal and not only exhibits a specific hue but also improves conductivity.
- the content of Ta is Ta (mnchl) / (Ta + Sn) (mnchl) ⁇ 100 ⁇ 0.1 to 30 (m beginnerl%), or Ta (mnchl) / (Ta + Sn + Ti) (mnchl) ⁇ 100 ⁇ 0.1 to 30 (m beginnerl%) With such a content, it has a specific hue and is suitable for forming a renju structure satisfactorily.
- the tin oxide crystallite bead of the present invention is the above-mentioned tin oxide crystal particles, and is composed of a particle mass containing at least one particle having a diameter of 5 to 50 nm.
- the tin oxide crystal particles 1 have a chain-like or tuft-like structure (this structure is referred to as “ream beads”) in which tin oxide crystal particles 1 are fused in a part thereof.
- at least one of the tin oxide crystal particles 1 in the continuous beads contains tantalum in the above-mentioned tin oxide crystal and has the above-mentioned particle size.
- the continuous beads in the present invention press the tin oxide crystal particle mass with a pressure of 0.1 MPa, stop pressing when the thickness reaches 1 cm, and measure the hue of the pressed mass with a spectrocolorimeter (Konica Minolta). It was measured by a specular light removal optical system manufactured by the company, model CM-5). This hue is represented by the Lab color space, and the lightness L * value is 80 or less, the chromaticity a * value is -4 or less, and the chromaticity b * value is -3 or less. Renju having such lightness and chromaticity has a high specific surface area, and has excellent conductivity, porosity, catalytic activity, and durability.
- the above-mentioned renju of the present invention is produced, for example, as follows.
- a mineral tarpen solution containing metal ions (tin and tantalum and / or titanium) as a raw material is prepared in advance, and this solution is made into a mist by a sprayer using oxygen and / or nitrogen, and a chemical flame (propane, methane) is used.
- the temperature at this time is preferably 600 to 2000 ° C., preferably 1200 to 1800 ° C. in order to improve the yield of the beads.
- the above mineral tarpen solution includes an organic tin compound (one or more of organic acid tin salts such as tin alkoxide and acetylacetonatotin) and an organic tantalum compound (one or more of organic acid tantalum salts such as tantalumoxide). And / or prepared by dissolving an organic titanium compound (one or more of an organic acid titanium salt such as titanium alkoxide) in an organic solvent (one or more of turpentine oil, heptane, methanol, ethanol and the like).
- the concentration of the tin compound in the raw material solution is preferably 1 to 50% by mass, preferably 3 to 14% by mass in terms of tin, and the concentration of the tantalum compound and / or the titanium compound is the tin compound and tantalum in the raw material solution.
- the ratio with the compound and / or the titanium compound may be adjusted so that the Ta content in the final product, that is, the structure of the present application, matches the above ratio.
- the raw material solution (mineral turpentine solution) thus obtained is supplied into a chemical flame with a fuel gas such as propane, methane, acetylene, hydrogen, or nitrogen phosphite and burned to form a chain and / or chain of the present invention.
- a fuel gas such as propane, methane, acetylene, hydrogen, or nitrogen phosphite
- a tin oxide crystallite bead having a tufted structure is obtained. That is, when the raw material liquid is supplied into the chemical flame, the reaction and cooling are instantaneously performed to produce the primary particles, and at the same time, the primary particles are partially fused and bonded to each other to have a high specific surface area.
- the chained and / or tufted structure of the present invention having the above is produced.
- the particles having a crystallite diameter in the range of 5 to 30 nm had a chain structure site in which five or more particles were connected in a bead shape.
- the hue was measured.
- the lightness L * value, chromaticity a * value, and b * value represented in the Lab color space are as shown in Table 1.
- This prepared solution is sprayed and burned on a pilot flame generated in the same manner as in Example 1-1 in the same manner as in Example 1-1, and particles (that is, tin oxide crystallite renju of the present invention) are burned from the recovered gas.
- the recovered particles as a result of observation with a transmission electron microscope as in Example 1-1, as in Example 1-1, five or more particles having a crystallite diameter in the range of 7 to 35 nm were formed into beads. It has a continuous chain structure site, and when the recovered particle mass was made to a thickness of 1 cm at a pressure of 0.1 MPa and the hue was measured with a spectrocolorimeter, the brightness L * expressed in the Lab color space.
- the values, chromaticity a * value, and b * value are as shown in Table 1.
- Ta-doped SnO 2 having a Ta content of 3 mol% represented by Ta (mol) / (Sn ⁇ mol >> + Ta ⁇ mol >>) was synthesized by the following method.
- 0.78 g tarpen oil 90 g was mixed to prepare a solution.
- This prepared solution is sprayed and burned on a pilot flame generated in the same manner as in Example 1-1 in the same manner as in Example 1-1, and particles (that is, tin oxide crystallite renju of the present invention) are burned from the recovered gas.
- particles that is, tin oxide crystallite renju of the present invention
- the recovered particles were observed with a transmission electron microscope in the same manner as in Example 1-1, substantially the same results as in Example 1-1 were obtained.
- the hue was measured with a spectrocolorimeter in the same manner as in Example 1-1, the brightness L * value, the chromaticity a * value, and the b * value represented in the Lab color space are shown in Table 1. It was a street.
- Ta-doped SnO 2 having a Ta content of 10 mol% represented by Ta (mol) / (Sn ⁇ mol >> + Ta ⁇ mol >>) was synthesized by the following method.
- 2.81 g tarpen oil 90 g was mixed to prepare a solution.
- This prepared solution is sprayed and burned on a pilot flame generated in the same manner as in Example 1-1 in the same manner as in Example 1-1, and particles (that is, tin oxide crystallite renju of the present invention) are burned from the recovered gas.
- particles that is, tin oxide crystallite renju of the present invention
- the recovered particles were observed with a transmission electron microscope in the same manner as in Example 1-1, substantially the same results as in Example 1-1 were obtained.
- the hue was measured with a spectrocolorimeter in the same manner as in Example 1-1, the brightness L * value, the chromaticity a * value, and the b * value represented in the Lab color space are shown in Table 1. It was a street.
- Ta-doped SnO 2 having a Ta content of 3 mol% represented by Ta (mol) / (Sn ⁇ mol >> + Ta ⁇ mol >>) was synthesized by the following method.
- 0.59 g and 60 g of tarpen oil were mixed to prepare a solution.
- This preparation solution is sprayed and burned on a pilot flame generated in the same manner as in Example 1-1 in the same manner as in Example 1, and particles (that is, tin oxide crystallite renju of the present invention) are separated from the recovered gas. Collected.
- particles that is, tin oxide crystallite renju of the present invention
- Collected When the recovered particles were observed with a transmission electron microscope in the same manner as in Example 1-1, substantially the same results as in Example 1-1 were obtained.
- the hue was measured with a spectrocolorimeter in the same manner as in Example 1-1, the brightness L * value, the chromaticity a * value, and the b * value represented in the Lab color space are shown in Table 1. It was a street.
- Ta-doped SnO 2 having a Ta content of 10 mol% represented by Ta (mol) / (Sn ⁇ mol >> + Ta ⁇ mol >>) was synthesized by the following method.
- tantalum ethoxide trade name "Tantalum ethoxydo” manufactured by Hokuko Chemical Industries, Ltd.
- Ta 44.5% by mass
- This preparation solution is sprayed and burned on a pilot flame generated in the same manner as in Example 1-1 in the same manner as in Example 1, and particles (that is, tin oxide crystallite renju of the present invention) are separated from the recovered gas. Collected.
- particles that is, tin oxide crystallite renju of the present invention
- Collected When the recovered particles were observed with a transmission electron microscope in the same manner as in Example 1-1, substantially the same results as in Example 1-1 were obtained.
- the hue was measured with a spectrocolorimeter in the same manner as in Example 1-1, the brightness L * value, the chromaticity a * value, and the b * value represented in the Lab color space are shown in Table 1. It was a street.
- Ta-doped SnO 2 having a Ta content of 3 mol% represented by Ta (mol) / (Sn ⁇ mol >> + Ta ⁇ mol >>) was synthesized by the following method.
- This preparation solution is sprayed and burned on a pilot flame generated in the same manner as in Example 1-1 in the same manner as in Example 1, and particles (that is, tin oxide crystallite renju of the present invention) are separated from the recovered gas. Collected.
- particles that is, tin oxide crystallite renju of the present invention
- Collected When the recovered particles were observed with a transmission electron microscope in the same manner as in Example 1-1, substantially the same results as in Example 1-1 were obtained.
- the hue was measured with a spectrocolorimeter in the same manner as in Example 1-1, the brightness L * value, the chromaticity a * value, and the b * value represented in the Lab color space are shown in Table 1. It was a street.
- Ta-doped SnO 2 having a Ta content of 10 mol% represented by Ta (mol) / (Sn ⁇ mol >> + Ta ⁇ mol >>) was synthesized by the following method.
- 87 g and 70 g of tantalum oil were mixed to prepare a solution.
- This preparation solution is sprayed and burned on a pilot flame generated in the same manner as in Example 1-1 in the same manner as in Example 1, and particles (that is, tin oxide crystallite renju of the present invention) are separated from the recovered gas. Collected.
- particles that is, tin oxide crystallite renju of the present invention
- Collected When the recovered particles were observed with a transmission electron microscope in the same manner as in Example 1-1, substantially the same results as in Example 1-1 were obtained.
- the hue was measured with a spectrocolorimeter in the same manner as in Example 1-1, the brightness L * value, the chromaticity a * value, and the b * value represented in the Lab color space are shown in Table 1. It was a street.
- Ta-doped SnO 2 having a Ta content of 3 mol% represented by Ta (mol) / (Sn ⁇ mol >> + Ta ⁇ mol >>) was synthesized by the following method.
- 49 g and 60 g of tantalum oil were mixed to prepare a solution.
- This preparation solution is sprayed and burned on a pilot flame generated in the same manner as in Example 1-1 in the same manner as in Example 1, and particles (that is, tin oxide crystallite renju of the present invention) are separated from the recovered gas. Collected.
- particles that is, tin oxide crystallite renju of the present invention
- Collected When the recovered particles were observed with a transmission electron microscope in the same manner as in Example 1-1, substantially the same results as in Example 1-1 were obtained.
- the hue was measured with a spectrocolorimeter in the same manner as in Example 1-1, the brightness L * value, the chromaticity a * value, and the b * value represented in the Lab color space are shown in Table 1. It was a street.
- Ta-doped SnO 2 having a Ta content of 10 mol% represented by Ta (mol) / (Sn ⁇ mol >> + Ta ⁇ mol >>) was synthesized by the following method.
- This preparation solution is sprayed and burned on a pilot flame generated in the same manner as in Example 1-1 in the same manner as in Example 1, and particles (that is, tin oxide crystallite renju of the present invention) are separated from the recovered gas. Collected.
- particles that is, tin oxide crystallite renju of the present invention
- Collected When the recovered particles were observed with a transmission electron microscope in the same manner as in Example 1-1, substantially the same results as in Example 1-1 were obtained.
- the hue was measured with a spectrocolorimeter in the same manner as in Example 1-1, the brightness L * value, the chromaticity a * value, and the b * value represented in the Lab color space are shown in Table 1. It was a street.
- Ta-doped SnO 2 having a Ta content of 30 mol% represented by Ta (mol) / (Sn ⁇ mol >> + Ta ⁇ mol >>) was synthesized by the following method.
- This preparation solution is sprayed and burned on a pilot flame generated in the same manner as in Example 1-1 in the same manner as in Example 1, and particles (that is, tin oxide crystallite renju of the present invention) are separated from the recovered gas. Collected.
- particles that is, tin oxide crystallite renju of the present invention
- Collected When the recovered particles were observed with a transmission electron microscope in the same manner as in Example 1-1, substantially the same results as in Example 1-2 were obtained.
- the hue was measured by the spectrocolorimeter in the same manner as in Example 1-1, the brightness L * value, the chromaticity a * value, and the b * value represented in the Lab color space are as shown in Table 1.
- Example 7-1 The Ta content represented by Ta (mol) / (Sn ⁇ mol >> + Ta ⁇ mol >> + Ti ⁇ mol >>) is 3 mol%, and Ti (mol) / (Ti ⁇ mol >> + Sn ⁇ mol >>).
- Example 1-1 the pilot flame generated in the same manner as in Example 1-1 is sprayed and burned in the same manner as in Example 1-1, and the particles (that is, the tin oxide crystallite beads of the present invention) are separated and recovered from the recovered gas. did.
- the recovered particles were observed with a transmission electron microscope in the same manner as in Example 1-1, substantially the same results as in Example 1-2 were obtained.
- the hue was measured by the spectrocolorimeter in the same manner as in Example 1-1, the brightness L * value, the chromaticity a * value, and the b * value represented in the Lab color space are as shown in Table 1. Met.
- Example 7-2 The Ta content represented by Ta (mol) / (Sn ⁇ mol >> + Ta ⁇ mol >> + Ti ⁇ mol >>) is 3 mol%, and Ti (mol) / (Ti ⁇ mol >> + Sn ⁇ mol >>).
- Example 1-1 the pilot flame generated in the same manner as in Example 1-1 is sprayed and burned in the same manner as in Example 1-1, and the particles (that is, the tin oxide crystallite beads of the present invention) are separated and recovered from the recovered gas. did.
- the recovered particles were observed with a transmission electron microscope in the same manner as in Example 1-1, substantially the same results as in Example 1-2 were obtained.
- the hue was measured by the spectrocolorimeter in the same manner as in Example 1-1, the brightness L * value, the chromaticity a * value, and the b * value represented in the Lab color space are as shown in Table 1. Met.
- Example 8-1 The Ta content represented by Ta (mol) + Ti (mol) / (Sn ⁇ mol >> + Ta ⁇ mol >> + Ti ⁇ mol >>) is 10 mol%, and Ti (mol) / (Ti ⁇ mol >> + Sn ⁇ mol >>).
- Ta + Ti-doped SnO2 having a Ti content of 10 mol% and Ta: Ti 9: 1 (mol ratio) was synthesized by the following method.
- Example 8-2 The Ta content represented by Ta (mol) + Ti (mol) / (Sn ⁇ mol >> + Ta ⁇ mol >> + Ti ⁇ mol >>) is 10 mol%, and Ti (mol) / (Ti ⁇ mol >> + Sn ⁇ mol >>).
- Example 1-1 the pilot flame generated in the same manner as in Example 1-1 is sprayed and burned in the same manner as in Example 1-1, and the particles (that is, the tin oxide crystallite beads of the present invention) are separated and recovered from the recovered gas. did.
- the recovered particles were observed with a transmission electron microscope in the same manner as in Example 1-1, substantially the same results as in Example 1-2 were obtained.
- the hue was measured by the spectrocolorimeter in the same manner as in Example 1-1, the brightness L * value, the chromaticity a * value, and the b * value represented in the Lab color space are as shown in Table 1. Met.
- the particles having a crystallite diameter in the range of 5 to 50 nm had a chain structure site in which five or more particles were connected in a bead shape. However, it was confirmed that there are many grains that do not exist in FIG. 1 (model diagram is omitted). Further, with respect to the recovered particles, the recovered particle mass was made into a thickness of 1 cm at a pressure of 0.1 MPa with a pressure of 0.1 MPa, and a spectrocolorimeter (manufactured by Konica Minolta, model CM-5, normal reflected light removal). When the hue was measured by the optical system), the brightness L * value, the chromaticity a * value, and the b * value expressed in the Lab color space were as shown in Table 2.
- Ta-doped SnO 2 having a Ta content of 10 mol% represented by Ta (mol) / (Sn ⁇ mol >> + Ta ⁇ mol >>) was synthesized by the following method.
- tantalum octylate trade name "Nikka Octic Stantal 10% (T)” manufactured by Nippon Kagaku Sangyo Co., Ltd.
- Ta 10% by mass
- 16.1 g and 150 g of tantalum oil were mixed to prepare a solution.
- This prepared solution is sprayed and burned on a pilot flame generated in the same manner as in Example 1-1 in the same manner as in Example 1-1, and particles (that is, comparative tin oxide crystallite renju) are obtained from the recovered gas. Separated and recovered.
- the recovered particles were observed with a transmission electron microscope in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1-1, it was confirmed that they had a continuous bead structure, but a spectrocolorimeter was observed in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1-1.
- the hue was measured according to the above, the lightness L * value, the chromaticity a * value, and the b * value expressed in the Lab color space were as shown in Table 2.
- Ta-doped SnO 2 having a Ta content of 3% (3 atm%) represented by Ta (mol) / (Sn ⁇ mol >> + Ta ⁇ mol >>) was synthesized by the following method.
- 159 g of tarpen oil were mixed to prepare a solution.
- This prepared solution is sprayed and burned on a pilot flame generated in the same manner as in Example 1-1 in the same manner as in Example 1-1, and particles (that is, comparative tin oxide crystallite renju) are obtained from the recovered gas. Separated and recovered. When the recovered particles were observed with a transmission electron microscope in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1-1, substantially the same results as in Comparative Example 1-1 were obtained. Further, when the hue was measured by a spectrocolorimeter in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1-1, the brightness L * value, chromaticity a * value, and b * value represented in the Lab color space are as shown in Table 2. rice field.
- Ta-doped SnO 2 having a Ta content of 10 mol% represented by Ta (mol) / (Sn ⁇ mol >> + Ta ⁇ mol >>) was synthesized by the following method.
- 4.8 g 159 g of turpen oil were mixed to prepare a solution.
- This prepared solution is sprayed and burned on a pilot flame generated in the same manner as in Example 1-1 in the same manner as in Example 1-1, and particles (that is, comparative tin oxide crystallite renju) are discharged from the recovered gas. Separated and recovered.
- the recovered particles were observed with a transmission electron microscope in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1-1, substantially the same results as in Comparative Example 1-1 were obtained.
- the hue was measured by a spectrocolorimeter in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1-1, the brightness L * value, chromaticity a * value, and b * value represented in the Lab color space are as shown in Table 2. rice field.
- Ta-doped SnO 2 having a Ta content of 3 mol% represented by Ta (mol) / (Sn ⁇ mol >> + Ta ⁇ mol >>) was synthesized by the following method.
- tantalum octylate trade name "Nikka Octic Stantal 10% (T)” manufactured by Nihon Kagaku Sangyo Co., Ltd.”
- Ta 10% by mass
- 4.5 g and 150 g of tantalum oil were mixed to prepare a solution.
- This prepared solution is sprayed and burned on a pilot flame generated in the same manner as in Example 1-1 in the same manner as in Example 1-1, and particles (that is, comparative tin oxide crystallite renju) are obtained from the recovered gas. Separated and recovered. When the recovered particles were observed with a transmission electron microscope in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1-1, substantially the same results as in Comparative Example 1-1 were obtained. Further, when the hue was measured by a spectrocolorimeter in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1-1, the brightness L * value, chromaticity a * value, and b * value represented in the Lab color space are as shown in Table 2. rice field.
- Ta-doped SnO 2 having a Ta content of 10 mol% represented by Ta (mol) / (Sn ⁇ mol >> + Ta ⁇ mol >>) was synthesized by the following method.
- tantalum octylate trade name "Nikka Octic Stantal 10% (T)” manufactured by Nihon Kagaku Sangyo Co., Ltd.”
- Ta 10% by mass
- 16.81 g and 150 g of tantalum oil were mixed to prepare a solution.
- This prepared solution is sprayed and burned on a pilot flame generated in the same manner as in Example 1-1 in the same manner as in Example 1-1, and particles (that is, comparative tin oxide crystallite renju) are obtained from the recovered gas. Separated and recovered. When the recovered particles were observed with a transmission electron microscope in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1-1, substantially the same results as in Comparative Example 1-1 were obtained. Further, when the hue was measured by a spectrocolorimeter in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1-1, the brightness L * value, chromaticity a * value, and b * value represented in the Lab color space are as shown in Table 2. rice field.
- This prepared solution is sprayed and burned on a pilot flame generated in the same manner as in Example 1-1 in the same manner as in Example 1-1, and particles (that is, comparative tin oxide crystallite renju) are discharged from the recovered gas. Separated and recovered.
- the recovered particles were observed with a transmission electron microscope in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1-1, substantially the same results as in Comparative Example 1-1 were obtained.
- the hue was measured by a spectrocolorimeter in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1-1, the brightness L * value, chromaticity a * value, and b * value represented in the Lab color space are as shown in Table 2. rice field.
- This prepared solution is sprayed and burned on a pilot flame generated in the same manner as in Example 1-1 in the same manner as in Example 1-1, and particles (that is, comparative tin oxide crystallite renju) are discharged from the recovered gas. Separated and recovered.
- the recovered particles were observed with a transmission electron microscope in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1-1, substantially the same results as in Comparative Example 1-1 were obtained.
- the hue was measured by a spectrocolorimeter in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1-1, the brightness L * value, chromaticity a * value, and b * value represented in the Lab color space are as shown in Table 2. rice field.
- This prepared solution is sprayed and burned on a pilot flame generated in the same manner as in Example 1-1 in the same manner as in Example 1-1, and particles (that is, comparative tin oxide crystallite renju) are discharged from the recovered gas. Separated and recovered.
- the recovered particles were observed with a transmission electron microscope in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1-1, substantially the same results as in Comparative Example 1-1 were obtained.
- the hue was measured by a spectrocolorimeter in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1-1, the brightness L * value, chromaticity a * value, and b * value represented in the Lab color space are as shown in Table 2. rice field.
- This prepared solution is sprayed and burned on a pilot flame generated in the same manner as in Example 1-1 in the same manner as in Example 1-1, and particles (that is, comparative tin oxide crystallite renju) are discharged from the recovered gas. Separated and recovered.
- the recovered particles were observed with a transmission electron microscope in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1-1, substantially the same results as in Comparative Example 1-1 were obtained.
- the hue was measured by a spectrocolorimeter in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1-1, the brightness L * value, chromaticity a * value, and b * value represented in the Lab color space are as shown in Table 2. rice field.
- the tin oxide crystallite bead of the present invention has various excellent properties as compared with a bead containing a metal oxide containing the same dopant by exhibiting a specific hue but not exhibiting a characteristic hue, for example. It can be used extremely advantageously as an electrode material for a fuel cell or the like.
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Abstract
Description
一方、燃料電池の電極に使用される触媒の担体には、高耐久性(強酸や高電位による酸化溶解耐性)、高導電性(電池内部抵抗や担体導電性《=粒子間界面抵抗+粒子内抵抗》の低減)、良気孔性(原料ガスや生成水の良通過性能)、高触媒活性(触媒金属の活性をできるだけ高くする)等の性能が要求される。
この先提案の構造体と、本出願の構造体(以下、“本願構造体”と言うこともある)とについて、色相と導電性能を評価した。
この結果、本願構造体が先提案構造体に比べて特定の色相すなわち明度L*値と、色度a*値、色度b*値が特定の数値範囲を有しているものの導電率は10倍(内部抵抗が1/10)以上もの高い性能を示しているとの知見を得た。ただし先提案構造体と本願構造体共に色a*値は-7から-4の範囲で同じであった。また、この高い導電性能が長期間持続することも確認している。
タンタルを含む酸化スズの結晶粒子塊または酸化スズと酸化チタンの複合酸化物結晶粒子塊であって、
該結晶粒子塊を、0.1MPaの圧力で1cmの厚みにし、分光測色計(コニカミノルタ社製、型式CM-5)を用い、正反射光除去光学系にてLab色空間で表される該結晶粒子塊の色相測定を行った。該粒子塊の色をLab色空間で表した明度L*値が80以下、色度a*値が-4以下、色度b*が-3以下であり、
結晶子径5~50nmの粒子を少なくとも1個含む酸化スズ結晶粒子塊または酸化スズと酸化チタンの複合酸化物結晶粒塊からなる連珠であることを特徴とする。
もちろん、触媒成分の活性を良好にすることができるため、燃料電池の電極用触媒に限らず、他の各種触媒の担体としても有効に使用することができる。強酸によってはもとより、高電位によっても、酸化溶解することはなく、高い耐久性を有している。
本発明において、Taの含有率は、
Ta(mоl)/(Ta+Sn)(mоl)×100≒0.1~30(mоl%)、または
Ta(mоl)/(Ta+Sn+Ti)(mоl)×100≒0.1~30(mоl%)
であり、このような含有率であれば、特定の色相を有し、しかも連珠構造を良好に形成する上で適している。
この連珠は、図1のモデル図に示すように、酸化スズ結晶粒子1が、その一部において融着し、連鎖状あるいは房状の構造(この構造を“連珠”と言う)を有しており、本発明では、この連珠における酸化スズ結晶粒子1の少なくとも1個が、上記した酸化スズ結晶体にタンタルを含有しており、上記の粒子径を有している。
これにより、酸化スズ結晶粒子の少なくとも80%が5個以上相互に融着結合して、連鎖状および/または房状構造の連珠となる。
このときの温度は、連珠の収率を向上させる上で、600~2000℃、好ましくは1200~1800℃とすることが適している。
原料液におけるスズ化合物の濃度は、スズに換算して1~50質量%、好ましくは3~14質量%が適しており、タンタル化合物および/またはチタン化合物の濃度は、原料液におけるスズ化合物とタンタル化合物および/またはチタン化合物との比率は、最終製品すなわち本願構造体中のTa含有率が、前記の比率に一致するように調整すればよい。
すなわち、原料液が化学炎中に供給されると、瞬時に反応および冷却が行われて、一次粒子が製造されると同時に、この一次粒子同士が部分的に融着結合して、高い比表面積を有する本発明の連鎖状および/または房状構造が生成する。
Ta/(Sn《mol》+Ta《mol》)で表されるTa含量が3mol%のTaドープSnO2を次のようにして合成した。
ジブチルスズビスアセチルアセトナート(日本化学産業社製商品名“ナーセム錫”、Sn=28《質量%》)20g、タンタリウムエトキシド(北興化学工業社製品名“タンタリウムエトキシド”、Ta=44.5《質量%》)0.59g、ターペンオイル60gを混合し、原料溶液を調製した。
また、上記の回収粒子塊を0.1MPaの圧力で1cmの厚みにして分光測色計(コニカミノルタ社製、型式CM-5、正反射光除去光学系による)にて色相を計測したところ、Lab色空間で表した明度L*値、色度a*値、b*値は表1に示す通りであった。
Ta/(Sn《mol》+Ta《mol》)で表されるTa含量が10mol%のTaドープSnO2を次のようにして合成した。
ジブチルスズビスアセチルアセトナート(日本化学産業社製商品名“ナーセム錫”、Sn=28《質量%》)20g、タンタリウムエトキシド(北興化学工業株式会社製品名“タンタリウムエトキシド”、Ta=44.5《質量%》)2.1g、ターペンオイル70gを混合し、原料溶液を調製した。
この調製溶液を、実施例1-1と同様にして生成したパイロット火炎に実施例1-1と同様にして噴霧して燃焼させ、回収ガスから粒子(すなわち、本発明の酸化スズ結晶子連珠)を分離回収した。
回収した粒子について、実施例1-1と同様に、透過型電子顕微鏡での観察の結果、実施例1-1と同様、結晶子径7~35nmの範囲にある粒子が5個以上数珠状に連なった鎖状構造部位を有しており、またこの回収粒子塊を0.1MPaの圧力で1cmの厚みにして分光測色計にて色相を計測したところ、Lab色空間で表した明度L*値、色度a*値、b*値は表1に示す通りであった。
Ta(mol)/(Sn《mol》+Ta《mol》)で表されるTa含量が3mol%のTaドープSnO2を下記方法で合成した。
アセチルアセトナトスズ(II)(Sigma-Aldrich社製、Sn=36.9質量%)20g、タンタリウムエトキシド(北興化学工業社製、Ta=44.5質量%)0.78g、ターペンオイル90gを混合し、溶液を調製した。
この調製溶液を、実施例1-1と同様にして生成したパイロット火炎に実施例1-1と同様にして噴霧して燃焼させ、回収ガスから粒子(すなわち、本発明の酸化スズ結晶子連珠)を分離回収した。
回収した粒子について、実施例1-1と同様にして、透過型電子顕微鏡での観察を行ったところ、実施例1-1と略同様の結果を得た。また、実施例1-1と同様にして、分光測色計での色相測定を行ったところ、Lab色空間で表した明度L*値、色度a*値、b*値は表1に示す通りであった。
Ta(mol)/(Sn《mol》+Ta《mol》)で表されるTa含量が10mol%のTaドープSnO2を下記方法で合成した。
アセチルアセトナトスズ(II)(Sigma-Aldrich社製、Sn=36.9質量%)20g、タンタリウムエトキシド(北興化学工業社製、Ta=44.5質量%)2.81g、ターペンオイル90gを混合し、溶液を調製した。
この調製溶液を、実施例1-1と同様にして生成したパイロット火炎に実施例1-1と同様にして噴霧して燃焼させ、回収ガスから粒子(すなわち、本発明の酸化スズ結晶子連珠)を分離回収した。
回収した粒子について、実施例1-1と同様にして、透過型電子顕微鏡での観察を行ったところ、実施例1-1と略同様の結果を得た。また、実施例1-1と同様にして、分光測色計での色相測定を行ったところ、Lab色空間で表した明度L*値、色度a*値、b*値は表1に示す通りであった。
Ta(mol)/(Sn《mol》+Ta《mol》)で表されるTa含量が3mol%のTaドープSnO2を下記方法で合成した。
スズt-ブトキシド(富士フイルム和光純薬社製商品名“すず(IV)t-ブトキシド”、Sn=28質量%)20g、タンタリウムエトキシド(北興化学工業社製商品名“タンタリウムエトキシド”、Ta=44.5質量%)0.59g、ターペンオイル60gを混合し、溶液を調製した。
この調製溶液を、実施例1-1と同様にして生成したパイロット火炎に実施例1と同様にして噴霧して燃焼させ、回収ガスから粒子(すなわち、本発明の酸化スズ結晶子連珠)を分離回収した。
回収した粒子について、実施例1-1と同様にして、透過型電子顕微鏡での観察を行ったところ、実施例1-1と略同様の結果を得た。また、実施例1-1と同様にして、分光測色計での色相測定を行ったところ、Lab色空間で表した明度L*値、色度a*値、b*値は表1に示す通りであった。
Ta(mol)/(Sn《mol》+Ta《mol》)で表されるTa含量が10mol%のTaドープSnO2を下記方法で合成した。
スズt-ブトキシド(富士フイルム和光純薬社製商品名“すず(IV)t-ブトキシド”、Sn=28質量%)20g、タンタリウムエトキシド(北興化学工業社製商品名“タンタリウムエトキシド”、Ta=44.5質量%)2.13g、ターペンオイル70gを混合し、溶液を調製した。
この調製溶液を、実施例1-1と同様にして生成したパイロット火炎に実施例1と同様にして噴霧して燃焼させ、回収ガスから粒子(すなわち、本発明の酸化スズ結晶子連珠)を分離回収した。
回収した粒子について、実施例1-1と同様にして、透過型電子顕微鏡での観察を行ったところ、実施例1-1と略同様の結果を得た。また、実施例1-1と同様にして、分光測色計での色相測定を行ったところ、Lab色空間で表した明度L*値、色度a*値、b*値は表1に示す通りであった。
Ta(mol)/(Sn《mol》+Ta《mol》)で表されるTa含量が3mol%のTaドープSnO2を下記方法で合成した。
ジブチルスズビスアセチルアセトナート(日本化学産業社製商品名“ナーセム錫”、Sn=28《質量%》)20g、タンタル(V)ブトキシド(Sigma-Aldrich社製、Sn=36.9質量%)0.80g、ターペンオイル60gを混合し、溶液を調製した。
この調製溶液を、実施例1-1と同様にして生成したパイロット火炎に実施例1と同様にして噴霧して燃焼させ、回収ガスから粒子(すなわち、本発明の酸化スズ結晶子連珠)を分離回収した。
回収した粒子について、実施例1-1と同様にして、透過型電子顕微鏡での観察を行ったところ、実施例1-1と略同様の結果を得た。また、実施例1-1と同様にして、分光測色計での色相測定を行ったところ、Lab色空間で表した明度L*値、色度a*値、b*値は表1に示す通りであった。
Ta(mol)/(Sn《mol》+Ta《mol》)で表されるTa含量が10mol%のTaドープSnO2を下記方法で合成した。
ジブチルスズビスアセチルアセトナート(日本化学産業社製商品名“ナーセム錫”、Sn=28《質量%》)20g、タンタル(V)ブトキシド(Sigma-Aldrich社製、Ta=33.1質量%)2.87g、ターペンオイル70gを混合し、溶液を調製した。
この調製溶液を、実施例1-1と同様にして生成したパイロット火炎に実施例1と同様にして噴霧して燃焼させ、回収ガスから粒子(すなわち、本発明の酸化スズ結晶子連珠)を分離回収した。
回収した粒子について、実施例1-1と同様にして、透過型電子顕微鏡での観察を行ったところ、実施例1-1と略同様の結果を得た。また、実施例1-1と同様にして、分光測色計での色相測定を行ったところ、Lab色空間で表した明度L*値、色度a*値、b*値は表1に示す通りであった。
Ta(mol)/(Sn《mol》+Ta《mol》)で表されるTa含量が3mol%のTaドープSnO2を下記方法で合成した。
ジブチルスズビスアセチルアセトナート(日本化学産業社製商品名“ナーセム錫”、Sn=28《質量%》)20g、タンタル(V)メトキシド(Sigma-Aldrich社製、Ta=33.1質量%)0.49g、ターペンオイル60gを混合し、溶液を調製した。
この調製溶液を、実施例1-1と同様にして生成したパイロット火炎に実施例1と同様にして噴霧して燃焼させ、回収ガスから粒子(すなわち、本発明の酸化スズ結晶子連珠)を分離回収した。
回収した粒子について、実施例1-1と同様にして、透過型電子顕微鏡での観察を行ったところ、実施例1-1と略同様の結果を得た。また、実施例1-1と同様にして、分光測色計での色相測定を行ったところ、Lab色空間で表した明度L*値、色度a*値、b*値は表1に示す通りであった。
Ta(mol)/(Sn《mol》+Ta《mol》)で表されるTa含量が10mol%のTaドープSnO2を下記方法で合成した。
ジブチルスズビスアセチルアセトナート(日本化学産業社製商品名“ナーセム錫”、Sn=28《質量%》)20g、タンタル(V)メトキシド(Sigma-Aldrich社製、Ta=33.1質量%)1.76g、ターペンオイル70gを混合し、溶液を調製した。
この調製溶液を、実施例1-1と同様にして生成したパイロット火炎に実施例1と同様にして噴霧して燃焼させ、回収ガスから粒子(すなわち、本発明の酸化スズ結晶子連珠)を分離回収した。
回収した粒子について、実施例1-1と同様にして、透過型電子顕微鏡での観察を行ったところ、実施例1-1と略同様の結果を得た。また、実施例1-1と同様にして、分光測色計での色相測定を行ったところ、Lab色空間で表した明度L*値、色度a*値、b*値は表1に示す通りであった。
Ta(mol)/(Sn《mol》+Ta《mol》)で表されるTa含量が30mol%のTaドープSnO2を下記方法で合成した。
ジブチルスズビスアセチルアセトナート(日本化学産業社製商品名“ナーセム錫”、Sn=28《質量%》)20g、タンタリウムエトキシド(北興化学工業社製品名“タンタリウムエトキシド”、Ta=44.5《質量%》)8.22g、ターペンオイル90gを混合し、原料溶液を調製した。
この調製溶液を、実施例1-1と同様にして生成したパイロット火炎に実施例1と同様にして噴霧して燃焼させ、回収ガスから粒子(すなわち、本発明の酸化スズ結晶子連珠)を分離回収した。
回収した粒子について、実施例1-1と同様にして、透過型電子顕微鏡での観察を行ったところ、実施例1-2と略同様の結果を得た。また、実施例1-1と同様にして、分光測色計による色相測定を行ったところ、Lab色空間で表した明度L*値、色度a*値、b*値は表1に示す通りであった。
Ta(mol)/(Sn《mol》+Ta《mol》+Ti《mol》)で表されるTa含量が3mol%で、Ti(mol)/(Ti《mol》+Sn《mol》)で表されるTi含量が10mol%で、Ta:Ti(mol)=9:1のTa+TiドープSnO2を下記方法で合成した。
ジブチルスズビスアセチルアセトナート(日本化学産業社製商品名“ナーセム錫”、Sn=28《質量%》)20g、Ti源としてテトラ-n-ブトキシチタン(日本曹達社製商品名“B-1”、Ti=14.1質量%)を1.78g、タンタリウムエトキシド(北興化学工業社製品名“タンタリウムエトキシド”、Ta=44.5《質量%》)0.66g、ターペンオイル70gを混合し、実施例1-1と同様にして生成したパイロット火炎に実施例1-1と同様にして噴霧して燃焼させ、回収ガスから粒子(すなわち、本発明の酸化スズ結晶子連珠)を分離回収した。
回収した粒子について、実施例1-1と同様にして、透過型電子顕微鏡での観察を行ったところ、実施例1-2と略同様の結果を得た。また、実施例1-1と同様にして、分光測色計による色相測定を行ったところ、Lab色空間で表した明度L*値、色度a*値、b*値は表1に示す通りであった。
Ta(mol)/(Sn《mol》+Ta《mol》+Ti《mol》)で表されるTa含量が3mol%で、Ti(mol)/(Ti《mol》+Sn《mol》)で表されるTi含量が50mol%で、Ta:Ti=5:5(mol比)のTa+TiドープSnO2を下記方法で合成した。
ジブチルスズビスアセチルアセトナート(日本化学産業社製商品名“ナーセム錫”、Sn=28《質量%》)10g、Ti源としてテトラ-n-ブトキシチタン(日本曹達社製商品名“B-1”、Ti=14.1質量%)を8.03g、タンタリウムエトキシド(北興化学工業社製品名“タンタリウムエトキシド”、Ta=44.5《質量%》)0.59g、ターペンオイル70gを混合し、実施例1-1と同様にして生成したパイロット火炎に実施例1-1と同様にして噴霧して燃焼させ、回収ガスから粒子(すなわち、本発明の酸化スズ結晶子連珠)を分離回収した。
回収した粒子について、実施例1-1と同様にして、透過型電子顕微鏡での観察を行ったところ、実施例1-2と略同様の結果を得た。また、実施例1-1と同様にして、分光測色計による色相測定を行ったところ、Lab色空間で表した明度L*値、色度a*値、b*値は表1に示す通りであった。
Ta(mol)+Ti(mol)/(Sn《mol》+Ta《mol》+Ti《mol》)で表されるTa含量が10mol%で、Ti(mol)/(Ti《mol》+Sn《mol》)で表されるTi含量が10mol%で、Ta:Ti=9:1(mol比)のTa+TiドープSnO2を下記方法で合成した。
ジブチルスズビスアセチルアセトナート(日本化学産業社製商品名“ナーセム錫”、Sn=28《質量%》)20g、Ti源としてテトラ-n-ブトキシチタン(日本曹達社製商品名“B-1”、Ti=14.1質量%)をを1.78g、タンタリウムエトキシド(北興化学工業社製品名“タンタリウムエトキシド”、Ta=44.5《質量%》)9.13g、ターペンオイル90gを混合し、実施例1-1と同様にして生成したパイロット火炎に実施例1-1と同様にして噴霧して燃焼させ、回収ガスから粒子(すなわち、本発明の酸化スズ結晶子連珠)を分離回収した。
回収した粒子について、実施例1-1と同様にして、透過型電子顕微鏡での観察を行ったところ、実施例1-2と略同様の結果を得た。また、実施例1-1と同様にして、分光測色計による色相測定を行ったところ、Lab色空間で表した明度L*値、色度a*値、b*値は表1に示す通りであった。
Ta(mol)+Ti(mol)/(Sn《mol》+Ta《mol》+Ti《mol》)で表されるTa含量が10mol%で、Ti(mol)/(Ti《mol》+Sn《mol》)で表されるTi含量が50mol%で、Ta:Ti=5:5(mol比)のTa+TiドープSnO2を下記方法で合成した。
ジブチルスズビスアセチルアセトナート(日本化学産業社製商品名“ナーセム錫”、Sn=28《質量%》)10g、Ti源としてテトラ-n-ブトキシチタン(日本曹達社製商品名“B-1”、Ti=14.1質量%)を8.03g、タンタリウムエトキシド(北興化学工業社製品名“タンタリウムエトキシド”、Ta=44.5《質量%》)8.22g、ターペンオイル90gを混合し、実施例1-1と同様にして生成したパイロット火炎に実施例1-1と同様にして噴霧して燃焼させ、回収ガスから粒子(すなわち、本発明の酸化スズ結晶子連珠)を分離回収した。
回収した粒子について、実施例1-1と同様にして、透過型電子顕微鏡での観察を行ったところ、実施例1-2と略同様の結果を得た。また、実施例1-1と同様にして、分光測色計による色相測定を行ったところ、Lab色空間で表した明度L*値、色度a*値、b*値は表1に示す通りであった。
Ta(mol)/(Sn《mol》+Ta《mol》)で表されるTa含量が3mol%のTaドープSnO2を下記方法で合成した。
オクチル酸スズ(日本化学産業社製商品名“ニッカオクチックス錫”、Sn=28質量%)38g、オクチル酸タンタル(日本化学産業社製商品名“ニッカオクチックスタンタル10%(T)”、Ta=10質量%)5g、ターペンオイル150gを混合して、溶液を調製した。
この調製溶液を、実施例1-1と同様にして生成したパイロット火炎に実施例1-1と同様にして噴霧して燃焼させ、回収ガスから粒子(すなわち、比較の酸化スズ結晶子連珠)を分離回収した。
この回収粒子を透過型電子顕微鏡で観察したところ、図1に示すように、結晶子径5~50nmの範囲にある粒子が5個以上数珠状に連なった鎖状構造部位を有していることが確認されたされたものの、図1には存在しない粒が多数存在することが確認された(モデル図は省略する)。
また、回収した粒子について、実施例1-1と同様に、回収粒子塊を0.1MPaの圧力で1cmの厚みにして分光測色計(コニカミノルタ社製、型式CM-5、正反射光除去光学系による)にて色相を計測したところ、Lab色空間で表した明度L*値、色度a*値、b*値は表2に示す通りであった。
Ta(mol)/(Sn《mol》+Ta《mol》)で表されるTa含量が10mol%のTaドープSnO2を下記方法で合成した。
オクチル酸スズ(日本化学産業社製商品名“ニッカオクチックス錫”、Sn=28質量%)33.9g、オクチル酸タンタル(日本化学産業社製商品名“ニッカオクチックスタンタル10%(T)”、Ta=10質量%)16.1g、ターペンオイル150gを混合して、溶液を調製した。
この調製溶液を、実施例1-1と同様にして生成したパイロット火炎に実施例1-1と同様にして噴霧して燃焼させ、回収ガスから粒子(すなわち、比較の酸化スズ結晶子連珠)を分離回収した。
回収した粒子について、比較例1-1と同様に透過型電子顕微鏡で観察したところ、連珠構造を有していることを確認しているものの、比較例1-1と同様にして分光測色計による色相測定を行ったところ、Lab色空間で表した明度L*値、色度a*値、b*値は表2に示す通りであった。
Ta(mol)/(Sn《mol》+Ta《mol》)で表されるTa含量が3%(3atm%)のTaドープSnO2を下記方法で合成した。
オクチル酸スズ(日本化学産業社製商品名“ニッカオクチックス錫”、Sn=28質量%)40g、タンタリウムエトキシド(北興化学工業社製商品名“タンタリウムエトキシド”、Ta=44.5質量%)1.2g、ターペンオイル159gを混合し、溶液を調製した。
この調製溶液を、実施例1-1と同様にして生成したパイロット火炎に実施例1-1と同様にして噴霧して燃焼させ、回収ガスから粒子(すなわち、比較の酸化スズ結晶子連珠)を分離回収した。
回収した粒子について、比較例1-1と同様に透過型電子顕微鏡で観察したところ、比較例1-1と略同様の結果を得た。また、比較例1-1と同様にして分光測色計による色相を測定したところ、Lab色空間で表した明度L*値、色度a*値、b*値は表2に示す通りであった。
Ta(mol)/(Sn《mol》+Ta《mol》)で表されるTa含量が10mol%のTaドープSnO2を下記方法で合成した。
オクチル酸スズ(日本化学産業社製商品名“ニッカオクチックス錫”、Sn=28質量%)45.2g、タンタリウムエトキシド(北興化学工業社製商品名“タンタリウムエトキシド”、Ta=44.5質量%)4.8g、ターペンオイル159gを混合し、溶液を調製した。
この調製溶液を、実施例1-1と同様にして生成したパイロット火炎に実施例1-1と同様にして噴霧して燃焼させ、回収ガスから粒子(すなわち、比較の酸化スズ結晶子連珠)を分離回収した。
回収した粒子について、比較例1-1と同様に透過型電子顕微鏡で観察したところ、比較例1-1と略同様の結果を得た。また、比較例1-1と同様にして分光測色計による色相を測定したところ、Lab色空間で表した明度L*値、色度a*値、b*値は表2に示す通りであった。
Ta(mol)/(Sn《mol》+Ta《mol》)で表されるTa含量が3mol%のTaドープSnO2を下記方法で合成した。
ジブチルスズビスアセチルアセトナート(日本化学産業社製商品名“ナーセム錫”、Sn=28質量%)33.9g、オクチル酸タンタル(日本化学産業社製商品名“ニッカオクチックスタンタル10%(T)”、Ta=10質量%)4.5g、ターペンオイル150gを混合し、溶液を調製した。
この調製溶液を、実施例1-1と同様にして生成したパイロット火炎に実施例1-1と同様にして噴霧して燃焼させ、回収ガスから粒子(すなわち、比較の酸化スズ結晶子連珠)を分離回収した。
回収した粒子について、比較例1-1と同様に透過型電子顕微鏡で観察したところ、比較例1-1と略同様の結果を得た。また、比較例1-1と同様にして分光測色計による色相を測定したところ、Lab色空間で表した明度L*値、色度a*値、b*値は表2に示す通りであった。
Ta(mol)/(Sn《mol》+Ta《mol》)で表されるTa含量が10mol%のTaドープSnO2を下記方法で合成した。
ジブチルスズビスアセチルアセトナート(日本化学産業社製商品名“ナーセム錫”、Sn=28質量%)33.9g、オクチル酸タンタル(日本化学産業社製商品名“ニッカオクチックスタンタル10%(T)”、Ta=10質量%)16.81g、ターペンオイル150gを混合し、溶液を調製した。
この調製溶液を、実施例1-1と同様にして生成したパイロット火炎に実施例1-1と同様にして噴霧して燃焼させ、回収ガスから粒子(すなわち、比較の酸化スズ結晶子連珠)を分離回収した。
回収した粒子について、比較例1-1と同様に透過型電子顕微鏡で観察したところ、比較例1-1と略同様の結果を得た。また、比較例1-1と同様にして分光測色計による色相を測定したところ、Lab色空間で表した明度L*値、色度a*値、b*値は表2に示す通りであった。
Ta(mol)/(Sn《mol》+Ta《mol》+Ti《mol》)で表されるTa含量が3mol%で、Ti(mol)/(Ti《mol》+Sn《mol》)で表されるTi含量が10mol%のTaドープSnO2を下記方法で合成した。
オクチル酸スズ(日本化学産業社製商品名“ニッカオクチックス錫”、Sn=28質量%)20g、タンタリウムエトキシド(北興化学工業社製商品名“タンタリウムエトキシド”、Ta=44.5質量%)0.66g、Ti源としてテトラ-n-ブトキシチタン(日本曹達社製商品名“B-1”、Ti=14,1質量%)を1.78g、ターペンオイル70gを混合して溶液を調製した。この調整した溶液を実施例1-1と同様にして生成したパイロット火炎に実施例1-1と同様にして噴霧して燃焼させ、回収ガスから粒子(すなわち、比較の酸化スズ結晶子連珠)を分離回収した。
回収した粒子について、比較例1-1と同様に透過型電子顕微鏡で観察したところ、比較例1-1と略同様の結果を得た。また、比較例1-1と同様にして分光測色計による色相を測定したところ、Lab色空間で表した明度L*値、色度a*値、b*値は表2に示す通りであった。
Ta(mol)+Ti(mol)/(Sn《mol》+Ta《mol》+Ti《mol》)で表されるTa含量が3mol%で、Ti(mol)/(Ti《mol》+Sn《mol》)で表されるTi含量が50mol%で、Ta:Ti=5:5(mol比)のTa+TiドープSnO2を下記方法で合成した。
オクチル酸スズ(日本化学産業社製商品名“ニッカオクチックス錫”、Sn=28質量%)10g、タンタリウムエトキシド(北興化学工業社製商品名“タンタリウムエトキシド”、Ta=44.5質量%)0.59g、Ti源としてテトラ-n-ブトキシチタン(日本曹達社製商品名“B-1”、Ti=14.1質量%)を8.03g、ターペンオイル70gを混合して溶液を調製した。この調整した溶液を実施例1-1と同様にして生成したパイロット火炎に実施例1-1と同様にして噴霧して燃焼させ、回収ガスから粒子(すなわち、比較の酸化スズ結晶子連珠)を分離回収した。
回収した粒子について、比較例1-1と同様に透過型電子顕微鏡で観察したところ、比較例1-1と略同様の結果を得た。また、比較例1-1と同様にして分光測色計による色相を測定したところ、Lab色空間で表した明度L*値、色度a*値、b*値は表2に示す通りであった。
Ta(mol)+Ti(mol)/(Sn《mol》+Ta《mol》+Ti《mol》)で表されるTa含量が10mol%で、Ti(mol)/(Ti《mol》+Sn《mol》)で表されるTi含量が10mol%で、Ta:Ti=9:1(mol比)のTa+TiドープSnO2を下記方法で合成した。
オクチル酸スズ(日本化学産業社製商品名“ニッカオクチックス錫”、Sn=28質量%)20g、タンタリウムエトキシド(北興化学工業社製商品名“タンタリウムエトキシド”、Ta=44.5質量%)9.13g、Ti源としてテトラ-n-ブトキシチタン(日本曹達社製商品名“B-1”、Ti=14.1質量%)を1.78g、ターペンオイル90gを混合して溶液を調製した。この調整した溶液を実施例1-1と同様にして生成したパイロット火炎に実施例1-1と同様にして噴霧して燃焼させ、回収ガスから粒子(すなわち、比較の酸化スズ結晶子連珠)を分離回収した。
回収した粒子について、比較例1-1と同様に透過型電子顕微鏡で観察したところ、比較例1-1と略同様の結果を得た。また、比較例1-1と同様にして分光測色計による色相を測定したところ、Lab色空間で表した明度L*値、色度a*値、b*値は表2に示す通りであった。
Ta(mol)+Ti(mol)/(Sn《mol》+Ta《mol》+Ti《mol》)で表されるTa含量が10mol%で、Ti(mol)/(Ti《mol》+Sn《mol》)で表されるTi含量が50mol%で、Ta:Ti=5:5(mol比)のTa+TiドープSnO2を下記方法で合成した。
オクチル酸スズ(日本化学産業社製商品名“ニッカオクチックス錫”、Sn=28質量%)10g、タンタリウムエトキシド(北興化学工業社製商品名“タンタリウムエトキシド”、Ta=44.5質量%)8.22g、Ti源としてテトラ-n-ブトキシチタン(日本曹達社製商品名“B-1”、Ti=14.1質量%)を8.03g、ターペンオイル90gを混合して溶液を調製した。この調整した溶液を実施例1-1と同様にして生成したパイロット火炎に実施例1-1と同様にして噴霧して燃焼させ、回収ガスから粒子(すなわち、比較の酸化スズ結晶子連珠)を分離回収した。
回収した粒子について、比較例1-1と同様に透過型電子顕微鏡で観察したところ、比較例1-1と略同様の結果を得た。また、比較例1-1と同様にして分光測色計による色相を測定したところ、Lab色空間で表した明度L*値、色度a*値、b*値は表2に示す通りであった。
[導電性(電池内部抵抗や担体導電性《=粒子間界面抵抗+粒子内抵抗》の低減)];
以上の実施例、比較例で得た酸化スズ結晶子連珠粉末の導電性(電池内部抵抗や担体導電性《=粒子間界面抵抗+粒子内抵抗》の低減)を、交流インピーダンス法により評価した。具体的には、東陽テクニカ社製電気化学計測システムSP-200及び試料ホルダーSH2-Zを用い、20~30℃、相対湿度30~70%の雰囲気温湿度で、試料ホルダーの平行電極間に試料を約0.1g充填し、電極外より1メガパスカルの荷重をかけた。この状態で7メガヘルツから10ミリヘルツの間で交流周波数を変えながらインピーダンス計測を行った。計測により得られるナイキストプロットに対し抵抗とコンデンサー成分からなる等価回路によるフィッティングに基づいて試料の抵抗値を求めた。求めた抵抗値とインピーダンス計測時の平行電極に挟まれる試料の厚み、および試料に接する平行電極の面積から試料の導電率を見積もった。結果は、表1,表2に示す通りであった。
Claims (1)
- 酸化スズ結晶粒子塊または酸化スズと酸化チタンの複合酸化物結晶粒塊からなる連珠であって、
前記結晶粒子塊は、結晶子径5~50nmの粒子を少なくとも1個含み、かつ
該結晶粒子塊を、0.1MPaの圧力で1cmの厚みにした時の該粒子塊の色をLab色空間で表した明度L*値が80以下、色度a*値が-4以下、色度b*が-3以下であることを特徴とする酸化スズ結晶子連珠または酸化スズと酸化チタンの複合酸化物結晶子連珠。
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SENOO YUICHI; TANIGUCHI KOJI; KAKINUMA KATSUYOSHI; UCHIDA MAKOTO; UCHIDA HIROYUKI; DEKI SHIGEHITO; WATANABE MASAHIRO: "Cathodic performance and high potential durability of Ta-SnO2−δ-supported Pt catalysts for PEFC ", ELECTROCHEMISTRY COMMUNICATIONS, ELSEVIER AMSTERDAM, NL, vol. 51, 9 December 2014 (2014-12-09), NL , pages 37 - 40, XP029191246, ISSN: 1388-2481, DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2014.12.005 * |
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