WO2022004529A1 - 環状オレフィン共重合体の製造方法、及びノルボルネン単量体とエチレンとの共重合用の触媒組成物 - Google Patents
環状オレフィン共重合体の製造方法、及びノルボルネン単量体とエチレンとの共重合用の触媒組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022004529A1 WO2022004529A1 PCT/JP2021/023826 JP2021023826W WO2022004529A1 WO 2022004529 A1 WO2022004529 A1 WO 2022004529A1 JP 2021023826 W JP2021023826 W JP 2021023826W WO 2022004529 A1 WO2022004529 A1 WO 2022004529A1
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- metal
- atom
- cyclic olefin
- catalyst
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
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- 239000004713 Cyclic olefin copolymer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
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- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- JFNLZVQOOSMTJK-KNVOCYPGSA-N norbornene Chemical compound C1[C@@H]2CC[C@H]1C=C2 JFNLZVQOOSMTJK-KNVOCYPGSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 55
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 49
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 47
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- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 28
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- 238000001938 differential scanning calorimetry curve Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004437 phosphorous atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 5
- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 4
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
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- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylaluminium Chemical compound C[Al](C)C JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
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- WMWDGZLDLRCDRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-hexylbicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene Chemical compound C1C2C(CCCCCC)CC1C=C2 WMWDGZLDLRCDRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YWOQUYASJOJVPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-methyl-10h-indeno[1,2-b]indole Chemical compound C12=CC=CC=C2N(C)C2=C1CC1=CC=CC=C12 YWOQUYASJOJVPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GQVCNPBYKZHECH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-methyl-6h-indeno[2,1-b]indole Chemical compound C12=CC=CC=C2N(C)C2=C1C1=CC=CC=C1C2 GQVCNPBYKZHECH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PCBPVYHMZBWMAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-methylbicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene Chemical compound C1C2C(C)CC1C=C2 PCBPVYHMZBWMAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WTQBISBWKRKLIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-methylidenebicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene Chemical compound C1C2C(=C)CC1C=C2 WTQBISBWKRKLIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GOLQZWYZZWIBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-octylbicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene Chemical compound C1C2C(CCCCCCCC)CC1C=C2 GOLQZWYZZWIBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GPPQBEUFCHAZTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-phenyl-10h-indeno[1,2-b]indole Chemical compound C1C2=CC=CC=C2C2=C1C1=CC=CC=C1N2C1=CC=CC=C1 GPPQBEUFCHAZTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BLASBYANUGPACC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-phenyl-6h-indeno[2,1-b]indole Chemical compound C1C2=CC=CC=C2C(C2=CC=CC=C22)=C1N2C1=CC=CC=C1 BLASBYANUGPACC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PGNNHYNYFLXKDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-phenylbicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene Chemical compound C1=CC2CC1CC2C1=CC=CC=C1 PGNNHYNYFLXKDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KGCRXHYTNRMHCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-methyl-2-(2-methylpropyl)oxaluminane Chemical compound CC(C)C[Al]1CCCC(C)O1 KGCRXHYTNRMHCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- XOTWUAIEJHFDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(CCC)C1(C=CC=C1)CCCC Chemical compound C(CCC)C1(C=CC=C1)CCCC XOTWUAIEJHFDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JLTDJTHDQAWBAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-dimethylaniline Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 JLTDJTHDQAWBAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical group [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical group [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000004703 alkoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005234 alkyl aluminium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005428 anthryl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C2C([H])=C3C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C3=C([H])C2=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- HQMRIBYCTLBDAK-UHFFFAOYSA-M bis(2-methylpropyl)alumanylium;chloride Chemical compound CC(C)C[Al](Cl)CC(C)C HQMRIBYCTLBDAK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- SIPUZPBQZHNSDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-methylpropyl)aluminum Chemical compound CC(C)C[Al]CC(C)C SIPUZPBQZHNSDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000004063 butyryl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- GVRWIAHBVAYKIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dec-3-ene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=CCC GVRWIAHBVAYKIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000113 differential scanning calorimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- JLTDJTHDQAWBAV-UHFFFAOYSA-O dimethyl(phenyl)azanium Chemical compound C[NH+](C)C1=CC=CC=C1 JLTDJTHDQAWBAV-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- JGHYBJVUQGTEEB-UHFFFAOYSA-M dimethylalumanylium;chloride Chemical compound C[Al](C)Cl JGHYBJVUQGTEEB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940069096 dodecene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001301 ethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000219 ethylidene group Chemical group [H]C(=[*])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- RMBPEFMHABBEKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=C[CH]C=CC3=CC2=C1 RMBPEFMHABBEKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000004678 hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000654 isopropylidene group Chemical group C(C)(C)=* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- BQBCXNQILNPAPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxy(dimethyl)alumane Chemical compound [O-]C.C[Al+]C BQBCXNQILNPAPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NFWSQSCIDYBUOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylcyclopentadiene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC1 NFWSQSCIDYBUOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002950 monocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 1
- JFNLZVQOOSMTJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N norbornene Chemical group C1C2CCC1C=C2 JFNLZVQOOSMTJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-biphenylenemethane Natural products C1=CC=C2CC3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 description 1
- MNBIQZQDQOPSKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentadeca-1,3,5,10-tetraene Chemical compound CCCCC=CCCCC=CC=CC=C MNBIQZQDQOPSKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQIQNKQYEUMPBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentamethylcyclopentadiene Chemical compound CC1C(C)=C(C)C(C)=C1C WQIQNKQYEUMPBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005672 polyolefin resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000001501 propionyl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000547 substituted alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- PMTPAGVGEXGVNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetracyclo[10.2.1.02,11.04,9]pentadeca-2,4,6,13-tetraene Chemical compound C12=CC3=CC=CCC3CC2C2CC1C=C2 PMTPAGVGEXGVNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XBFJAVXCNXDMBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetracyclo[6.2.1.1(3,6).0(2,7)]dodec-4-ene Chemical compound C1C(C23)C=CC1C3C1CC2CC1 XBFJAVXCNXDMBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OUZWXMBUAMCJMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradeca-1,3,5,10-tetraene Chemical compound CCCC=CCCCC=CC=CC=C OUZWXMBUAMCJMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002076 thermal analysis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- NDUUEFPGQBSFPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tri(butan-2-yl)alumane Chemical compound CCC(C)[Al](C(C)CC)C(C)CC NDUUEFPGQBSFPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylaluminium Chemical compound CC[Al](CC)CC VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SDTYFWAQLSIEBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N undec-3-ene Chemical compound CCCCCCCC=CCC SDTYFWAQLSIEBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LMISWUPDWKMCIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N undeca-3,7-diene Chemical compound CCCC=CCCC=CCC LMISWUPDWKMCIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AZGPUOZQDCSPRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N undeca-3,8-diene Chemical compound CCC=CCCCC=CCC AZGPUOZQDCSPRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F232/00—Copolymers of cyclic compounds containing no unsaturated aliphatic radicals in a side chain, and having one or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds in a carbocyclic ring system
- C08F232/02—Copolymers of cyclic compounds containing no unsaturated aliphatic radicals in a side chain, and having one or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds in a carbocyclic ring system having no condensed rings
- C08F232/04—Copolymers of cyclic compounds containing no unsaturated aliphatic radicals in a side chain, and having one or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds in a carbocyclic ring system having no condensed rings having one carbon-to-carbon double bond
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/04—Polymerisation in solution
- C08F2/06—Organic solvent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F210/00—Copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
- C08F210/02—Ethene
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F4/00—Polymerisation catalysts
- C08F4/06—Metallic compounds other than hydrides and other than metallo-organic compounds; Boron halide or aluminium halide complexes with organic compounds containing oxygen
- C08F4/08—Metallic compounds other than hydrides and other than metallo-organic compounds; Boron halide or aluminium halide complexes with organic compounds containing oxygen of alkali metals
- C08F4/083—Metallic compounds other than hydrides and other than metallo-organic compounds; Boron halide or aluminium halide complexes with organic compounds containing oxygen of alkali metals an alkali metal bound to oxygen
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- C08F4/00—Polymerisation catalysts
- C08F4/28—Oxygen or compounds releasing free oxygen
- C08F4/30—Inorganic compounds
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
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- C08F4/42—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors
- C08F4/44—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides
- C08F4/60—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with refractory metals, iron group metals, platinum group metals, manganese, rhenium technetium or compounds thereof
- C08F4/62—Refractory metals or compounds thereof
- C08F4/64—Titanium, zirconium, hafnium or compounds thereof
- C08F4/659—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond
- C08F4/65904—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond in combination with another component of C08F4/64
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- C08F4/44—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides
- C08F4/60—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with refractory metals, iron group metals, platinum group metals, manganese, rhenium technetium or compounds thereof
- C08F4/62—Refractory metals or compounds thereof
- C08F4/64—Titanium, zirconium, hafnium or compounds thereof
- C08F4/659—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond
- C08F4/6592—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond containing at least one cyclopentadienyl ring, condensed or not, e.g. an indenyl or a fluorenyl ring
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- C08F4/42—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors
- C08F4/72—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from metals not provided for in group C08F4/44
- C08F4/74—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from metals not provided for in group C08F4/44 selected from refractory metals
- C08F4/76—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from metals not provided for in group C08F4/44 selected from refractory metals selected from titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium or tantalum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F232/00—Copolymers of cyclic compounds containing no unsaturated aliphatic radicals in a side chain, and having one or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds in a carbocyclic ring system
- C08F232/02—Copolymers of cyclic compounds containing no unsaturated aliphatic radicals in a side chain, and having one or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds in a carbocyclic ring system having no condensed rings
- C08F232/06—Copolymers of cyclic compounds containing no unsaturated aliphatic radicals in a side chain, and having one or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds in a carbocyclic ring system having no condensed rings having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2410/00—Features related to the catalyst preparation, the catalyst use or to the deactivation of the catalyst
- C08F2410/04—Dual catalyst, i.e. use of two different catalysts, where none of the catalysts is a metallocene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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- C08F2420/00—Metallocene catalysts
- C08F2420/04—Cp or analog not bridged to a non-Cp X ancillary anionic donor
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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- C08F4/00—Polymerisation catalysts
- C08F4/42—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors
- C08F4/44—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides
- C08F4/60—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with refractory metals, iron group metals, platinum group metals, manganese, rhenium technetium or compounds thereof
- C08F4/62—Refractory metals or compounds thereof
- C08F4/64—Titanium, zirconium, hafnium or compounds thereof
- C08F4/659—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond
- C08F4/65908—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond in combination with an ionising compound other than alumoxane, e.g. (C6F5)4B-X+
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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- C08F4/42—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors
- C08F4/44—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides
- C08F4/60—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with refractory metals, iron group metals, platinum group metals, manganese, rhenium technetium or compounds thereof
- C08F4/62—Refractory metals or compounds thereof
- C08F4/64—Titanium, zirconium, hafnium or compounds thereof
- C08F4/659—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond
- C08F4/65912—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond in combination with an organoaluminium compound
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- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K2003/026—Phosphorus
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a cyclic olefin copolymer containing a structural unit derived from a norbornene monomer and a structural unit derived from ethylene, and a catalyst composition for copolymerization of the norbornene monomer and ethylene.
- Cyclic olefin homopolymers and cyclic olefin copolymers have low hygroscopicity and high transparency, and are used in various applications including the field of optical materials such as optical disk substrates, optical films, and optical fibers.
- As a typical cyclic olefin copolymer there is a copolymer of cyclic olefin and ethylene, which is widely used as a transparent resin. Since the glass transition temperature of the copolymer of cyclic olefin and ethylene can be changed according to the copolymer composition of cyclic olefin and ethylene, the coweight in which the glass transition temperature (Tg) is adjusted in a wide temperature range. Coagulation can be produced (see, eg, Non-Patent Document 1).
- Non-Patent Document 1 there is a problem that a copolymer of cyclic olefin and ethylene cannot be produced in high yield.
- a highly active catalyst As a countermeasure against this problem, it is conceivable to carry out polymerization using a highly active catalyst.
- polymerization is carried out using a highly active catalyst for the purpose of increasing the production efficiency of the cyclic olefin copolymer, polyethylene-like impurities may be easily generated.
- the cyclic olefin copolymer contains polyethylene-like impurities, turbidity occurs when the cyclic olefin copolymer is dissolved in a solvent.
- the cyclic olefin copolymer contains polyethylene-like impurities, there is a concern that the transparency of the cyclic olefin copolymer may decrease. Further, when polyethylene-like impurities are generated, in a general production process for producing a cyclic olefin copolymer, a process of filtering and removing insoluble polyethylene-like impurities is required, which increases the production cost.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and the cyclic olefin copolymer is made efficient by copolymerizing a norbornene monomer and a monomer containing ethylene while suppressing the formation of polyethylene-like impurities. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing a cyclic olefin copolymer that can be well produced, and a catalyst composition for copolymerizing a norbornene monomer and ethylene, which is preferably used in the above-mentioned production method.
- the nitrogen atom is classified into the transition metal of Group 4 of the Periodic Table and the 15th genus of the Periodic Table.
- a method for producing a cyclic olefin copolymer containing a structural unit derived from a norbornene monomer and a structural unit derived from ethylene At least, the norbornene monomer and ethylene are charged into the polymerization vessel as monomers, and Including polymerizing the monomer in the polymerization vessel in the presence of a metal-containing catalyst, A production method in which a metal-containing catalyst has a structure in which a nitrogen atom is bonded to a transition metal of Group 4 of the Periodic Table and an atom of the Group 15 of the Periodic Table.
- the metal-containing catalyst has the following formula (a1): (In the formula (a1), M is Ti, Zr, or Hf, X is an organic substituent having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may contain a hetero atom, or a halogen atom, and L 1 is.
- R a1 ⁇ R a5 each independently may be the same or different, a hydrogen atom, an organic substituent contain a heteroatom have carbon atoms which may 1 to 20, or inorganic substituent a group, two adjacent groups on the 5-membered ring of R a1 ⁇ R a5 may form a ring with each other,
- R a6 to R a8 may be independently the same or different, and may contain a hydrogen atom, a hetero atom, an organic substituent having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or an inorganic substituent.
- L 2 is a group represented by the above formula (a1b).
- the DSC curve obtained by measuring the cyclic olefin copolymer sample with a differential scanning calorimeter under the conditions of a nitrogen atmosphere and a heating rate of 20 ° C./min according to the method described in JIS K7121 is obtained.
- Catalyst composition for copolymerization of norbornene monomer and ethylene which comprises a metal-containing catalyst having a structure in which a nitrogen atom is bonded to a transition metal of Group 4 of the Periodic Table and an atom of the Group 15 of the Periodic Table. thing.
- the metal-containing catalyst has the following formula (a1): (In the formula (a1), M is Ti, Zr, or Hf, X is an organic substituent having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may contain a hetero atom, or a halogen atom, and L 1 is.
- R a1 ⁇ R a5 each independently may be the same or different, a hydrogen atom, an organic substituent contain a heteroatom have carbon atoms which may 1 to 20, or inorganic substituent a group, two adjacent groups on the 5-membered ring of R a1 ⁇ R a5 may form a ring with each other,
- R a6 to R a8 may be independently the same or different, and may contain a hydrogen atom, a hetero atom, an organic substituent having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or an inorganic substituent.
- L 2 is a group represented by the above formula (a1b).
- a cyclic olefin copolymer capable of efficiently producing a cyclic olefin copolymer by copolymerizing a norbornene monomer and a monomer containing ethylene while suppressing the formation of polyethylene-like impurities. It is possible to provide a production method and a catalyst composition for copolymerization of a norbornene monomer and ethylene, which is preferably used in the above-mentioned production method.
- a cyclic olefin copolymer containing a structural unit derived from a norbornene monomer and a structural unit derived from ethylene is produced.
- the manufacturing method is At least, the norbornene monomer and ethylene are charged into the polymerization vessel as monomers, and It comprises polymerizing the monomers in the polymerization vessel in the presence of a metal-containing catalyst.
- charging the norbornene monomer and ethylene as monomers into the polymerization vessel is also referred to as a charging step.
- polymerizing the monomer in the polymerization vessel in the presence of a metal-containing catalyst is also referred to as a polymerization step.
- the monomer in the polymerization vessel is polymerized in the presence of a metal-containing catalyst.
- the metal-containing catalyst used for the polymerization has a structure in which a nitrogen atom is bonded to a transition metal of Group 4 of the Periodic Table and an atom of the Group 15 of the Periodic Table.
- the norbornene monomer and ethylene are charged into the polymerization vessel as monomers.
- the polymerization vessel may be charged with a norbornene monomer and a monomer other than ethylene as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired.
- the total of the ratio of the constituent units derived from the norbornene monomer and the ratio of the constituent units derived from ethylene in the cyclic olefin copolymer is typically 80% by mass or more with respect to all the constituent units. It is preferably 95% by mass or more, more preferably 95% by mass or more. 98% by mass or more is more preferable.
- the norbornene monomer and other monomers other than ethylene are not particularly limited as long as they can be copolymerized with the norbornene monomer and ethylene.
- Typical examples of such other monomers include ⁇ -olefins.
- the ⁇ -olefin may be substituted with at least one substituent such as a halogen atom.
- C3 to C12 ⁇ -olefins are preferable.
- the ⁇ -olefins of C3 to C12 are not particularly limited, and are, for example, propylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 3-methyl-1-butene, 3-methyl-1-pentene, 3-ethyl-1.
- 1-hexene, 1-octene, and 1-decene are preferable.
- the method of charging ethylene into the polymerization solution is not particularly limited as long as a desired amount of ethylene can be charged in the polymerization container.
- ethylene is charged into the polymerization vessel so that the charging pressure of ethylene in the polymerization vessel is 0.5 MPa or more.
- the ethylene charging pressure is preferably 0.55 MPa or more, more preferably 0.6 MPa or more.
- Increasing the ethylene charging pressure can reduce the amount of catalyst used per produced polymer.
- the ethylene charging pressure is, for example, preferably 10 MPa or less, more preferably 5 MPa or less, still more preferably 3 MPa or less.
- a solvent may be charged in the polymerization vessel together with the norbornene monomer and ethylene.
- the solvent is not particularly limited as long as it does not inhibit the polymerization reaction.
- Preferred solvents include, for example, a hydrocarbon solvent and a halogenated hydrocarbon solvent, and a hydrocarbon solvent is preferable because it is excellent in handleability, thermal stability, and chemical stability.
- preferable solvents include hydrocarbon solvents such as pentane, hexane, heptane, octane, isooctane, isododecane, mineral oil, cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, decahydronaphthalene (decalin), benzene, toluene, and xylene, and chloroform.
- hydrocarbon solvents such as pentane, hexane, heptane, octane, isooctane, isododecane, mineral oil, cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, decahydronaphthalene (decalin), benzene, toluene, and xylene, and chloroform.
- halogenated hydrocarbon solvents such as methylene chloride, dichloromethane, dichloroethane, and chlorobenzene.
- the lower limit of the concentration of the norbornene monomer is preferably, for example, 0.5% by mass or more, and more preferably 10% by mass or more.
- the upper limit for example, 50% by mass or less is preferable, and 35% by mass or less is more preferable.
- norbornene monomer examples include norbornene and substituted norbornene, and norbornene is preferable.
- the norbornene monomer can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the substituted norbornene is not particularly limited, and examples of the substituent contained in the substituted norbornene include a halogen atom and a monovalent or divalent hydrocarbon group. Specific examples of the substituted norbornene include compounds represented by the following general formula (I).
- R 1 to R 12 may be the same or different from each other, and are selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, and a hydrocarbon group.
- R 9 and R 10 and R 11 and R 12 may be integrated to form a divalent hydrocarbon group.
- R 9 or R 10 and R 11 or R 12 may form a ring with each other.
- n indicates 0 or a positive integer.
- R 1 to R 12 in the general formula (I) may be the same or different from each other, and are selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, and a hydrocarbon group.
- R 1 to R 8 include hydrogen atoms; halogen atoms such as fluorine, chlorine, and bromine; alkyl groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and the like, which may be different from each other. , Partially different, or all may be the same.
- R 9 to R 12 include, for example, a hydrogen atom; a halogen atom such as fluorine, chlorine and bromine; an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms; a cycloalkyl group such as a cyclohexyl group; a phenyl group and a trill.
- Substituent or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon groups such as groups, ethylphenyl groups, isopropylphenyl groups, naphthyl groups and anthryl groups; benzyl groups, phenethyl groups and other alkyl groups substituted with aryl groups such as aralkyl groups. They can be different, partially different, or all identical.
- R 9 and R 10 or R 11 and R 12 are integrated to form a divalent hydrocarbon group
- a divalent hydrocarbon group include, for example, an alkylidene group such as an ethylidene group, a propyridene group, and an isopropylidene group. Can be mentioned.
- the formed ring may be a monocyclic ring, a polycyclic ring, or a polycyclic ring having a crosslink. , It may be a ring having a double bond, or it may be a ring composed of a combination of these rings. Further, these rings may have a substituent such as a methyl group.
- substituted norbornene represented by the general formula (I) include 5-methyl-bicyclo [2.2.1] hepta-2-ene and 5,5-dimethyl-bicyclo [2.2.1] hepta-. 2-ene, 5-ethyl-bicyclo [2.2.1] hepta-2-ene, 5-butyl-bicyclo [2.2.1] hepta-2-ene, 5-ethylidene-bicyclo [2.2.
- Cyclic olefin of the ring Tetracyclo [4.4.0.1 2,5 . 17 and 10 ]
- Dodeca-3-ene also simply referred to as tetracyclododecene
- 8-methyltetracyclo 4.4.0.1 2,5 . 17 and 10
- Dodeca-3-ene, 8-ethyltetracyclo 4.4.0.1 2,5 . 1 7, 10
- 4-ring cyclic olefins such as dodeca-3-ene; 8-Cyclopentyl-tetracyclo [4.4.0.1 2,5 . 17 and 10 ]
- Tetradeca-4,9,11,13-tetraene also referred to as 1,4-methano-1,4,4a, 9a-tetrahydrofluorene
- tetracyclo 8.4.1, 4,7 . 0 1,10 1 .
- Pentadeca-5,10,12,14-tetraene also referred to as 1,4-methano-1,4,4a, 5,10,10a-hexahydroanthracene
- pentacyclo [6.6.1. 1 3, 6 . 0 2,7 . 09,14 ] -4-hexadecene
- pentacyclo [6.5.1.1 3,6 . 0 2,7 . 0 9,13] -4-pentadecene
- alkyl-substituted norbornene eg, bicyclo [2.2.1] hepta-2-ene substituted with one or more alkyl groups
- alkylidene-substituted norbornene eg, bicyclo substituted with one or more alkylidene groups
- [2.2.1] hepta-2-ene) is preferred, 5-ethylidene-bicyclo [2.2.1] hepta-2-ene (common name: 5-ethylidene-2-norbornene, or simply ethylidene norbornene). ) Is particularly preferable.
- the monomers in the polymerization vessel are polymerized in the presence of a metal-containing catalyst that meets predetermined requirements.
- the temperature at the time of polymerization is not particularly limited. Since the yield of the cyclic olefin copolymer is good, the temperature at the time of polymerization is preferably 20 ° C. or higher, more preferably 30 ° C. or higher, further preferably 50 ° C. or higher, still more preferably 60 ° C. or higher. 70 ° C. or higher is particularly preferable.
- the temperature at the time of polymerization may be 80 ° C. or higher.
- the upper limit of the temperature at the time of polymerization is not particularly limited, and the upper limit of the temperature at the time of polymerization may be, for example, 200 ° C. or lower, 140 ° C. or lower, or 120 ° C. or lower.
- the metal-containing catalyst As the metal-containing catalyst, a metal-containing compound having a structure in which a nitrogen atom is bonded to a transition metal of Group 4 of the Periodic Table and an atom of the Group 15 of the Periodic Table is used. By using such a catalyst, it is possible to satisfactorily produce a cyclic olefin copolymer while suppressing the formation of polyethylene-like impurities.
- Group 4 transition metal of the periodic table in the metal-containing catalyst Ti, Zr, or Hf is preferable, and Ti is more preferable.
- atom of the 15th group of the periodic table in the metal-containing catalyst P, As and Sb are preferable, and P is more preferable.
- the metal-containing catalyst preferably has a ligand that coordinates with the transition metal of Group 4 of the Periodic Table.
- a ligand containing a cyclopentadiene ring is preferable because the activity of the metal-containing catalyst is high.
- Suitable examples of a cyclopentadiene-containing ligand contained in a metal-containing catalyst include cyclopentadiene, methylcyclopentadiene, dimethylcyclopentadiene, trimethylcyclopentadiene, tetramethylcyclopentadiene, pentamethylcyclopentadiene, and n-butylcyclopentadiene.
- a metal-containing catalyst examples include a metal-containing compound represented by the following formula (a1).
- M is Ti, Zr, or Hf, and Ti is particularly preferable from the viewpoint of easy acquisition and production of a metal-containing catalyst, the activity of the catalyst, and the like.
- X is an organic substituent having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or a halogen atom which may contain a hetero atom.
- L 1 is a group represented by the following formula (a1a) or formula (a1b), and a group represented by the following formula (a1a) is more preferable from the viewpoint of catalytic activity.
- L 2 is a group represented by the following formula (a1b). Wherein (a1), when L 1 and L 2 is a group both represented by formula (a1b), L 1 and L 2 may be a group different in the same group, preferably the same group ..
- R a1 ⁇ R a5 each independently may be the same or different, a hydrogen atom, an organic substituent contain a heteroatom have carbon atoms which may 1 to 20, or inorganic substituent It is the basis. Two groups adjacent to each other on the 5-membered ring of R a1 to R a5 may be bonded to each other to form a ring.
- R a6 to R a8 may be independently the same or different, and may contain a hydrogen atom, a hetero atom, an organic substituent having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or an inorganic substituent. It is the basis. Two groups selected from R a6 to R a8 may be bonded to each other to form a ring.
- X is an organic substituent or a halogen atom having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may contain a heteroatom.
- the type of the hetero atom is not particularly limited as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired when the organic substituent contains a hetero atom.
- Specific examples of the hetero atom include an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom, a sulfur atom, a phosphorus atom, a silicon atom, a selenium atom, a halogen atom and the like.
- the organic substituent is not particularly limited as long as it is a group that does not inhibit the formation reaction of the metal-containing compound represented by the above formula (a1).
- an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms an alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, an aliphatic acyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, a benzoyl group, and ⁇ -.
- Examples thereof include a mono-substituted amino group substituted with 20 hydrocarbon groups and a di-substituted amino group substituted with a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, and an aliphatic acyl having 2 to 6 carbon atoms.
- a group, a benzoyl group, a phenyl group, a benzyl group, a phenethyl group, and a trialkylsilyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms are preferable.
- Isobutyloxy group, n-butyloxy group, isobutyloxy group, sec-butyloxy group, tert-butyloxy group, acetyl group, propionyl group, butanoyl group, phenyl group, trimethylsilyl group, and tert-butyldimethylsilyl group are more preferable.
- a halogen atom is preferable, a chlorine atom and a bromine atom are more preferable, and a chlorine atom is particularly preferable.
- R a1 ⁇ R a5 each independently may be the same or different, a hydrogen atom, an organic substituent contain a heteroatom have carbon atoms which may 1 to 20, or inorganic substituent It is the basis. Further, two groups adjacent to each other on the 5-membered ring of R a1 to R a5 may be bonded to each other to form a ring. Specific examples and preferred examples of the organic substituents having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may contain a heteroatom as R a1 to Ra5 are carbon atoms which may contain a heteroatom as X, respectively. It is the same as the specific example and preferable example of the organic substituent of the number 1-20.
- the inorganic substituent is not particularly limited as long as it is a group that does not inhibit the formation reaction of the metal-containing compound represented by the above formula (a1).
- Specific examples of the inorganic substituent include a halogen atom, a nitro group, an unsubstituted amino group, a cyano group and the like.
- R a6 to R a8 may be independently the same or different, and may contain a hydrogen atom, a hetero atom, an organic substituent having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or an inorganic substituent. It is the basis. Further, two groups selected from R a6 to R a8 may be bonded to each other to form a ring. Specific examples and preferred examples of the organic substituents having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may contain a heteroatom as R a6 to Ra8 are carbon atoms which may contain a heteroatom as X, respectively. It is the same as the specific example and preferable example of the organic substituent of the number 1-20.
- the organic substituent having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may contain a heteroatom is a group represented by the formula (a1b) and is R a6 to R a8.
- a group which is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms independently is also preferable.
- Me is a methyl group
- Et is an ethyl group
- n-Pr is an n-propyl group
- iso-Pr is an iso-propyl group
- n-Bu is an n-butyl group
- -Bu is an isobutyl group
- sec-Bu is a sec-butyl group
- tert-Bu is a tert-butyl group
- Ph is a phenyl group.
- the specific examples of the inorganic substituents as R a6 to R a8 are the same as the specific examples of the inorganic substituents as R a1 to R a5.
- Preferred specific examples of the metal-containing compound represented by the above-described formula (a1) include the following metal-containing compounds.
- M in the following formula is the same as M in the formula (a1).
- Si (Me) 3 is a trimethylsilyl group
- Si (Me) 2 tert-butyl is a tert-butyldimethylsilyl group.
- the polymerization of the monomer is preferably carried out in the presence of the above-mentioned metal-containing catalyst and co-catalyst.
- a compound generally used as a co-catalyst in the polymerization of olefins can be used without particular limitation.
- the co-catalyst include aluminoxane and ionic compounds. From the viewpoint that the polymerization reaction easily proceeds, the polymerization of the monomer is particularly preferably carried out using at least one of aluminoxane and a borate compound as an ionic compound as a co-catalyst.
- the metal-containing catalyst is preferably mixed with aluminoxane and / or an ionic compound to form a catalyst composition.
- the ionic compound is a compound that produces a cationic transition metal compound by reaction with a metal-containing catalyst.
- the catalyst composition is preferably prepared using a solution of a metal-containing catalyst.
- the solvent contained in the solution of the metal-containing catalyst is not particularly limited.
- Preferred solvents include hydrocarbon solvents such as pentane, hexane, heptane, octane, isooctane, isododecane, mineral oil, cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, decahydronaphthalene (decalin), mineral oil, benzene, toluene, and xylene, and chloroform.
- Examples thereof include halogenated hydrocarbon solvents such as methylene chloride, dichloromethane, dichloroethane, and chlorobenzene.
- the amount of the solvent used is not particularly limited as long as the catalyst composition having the desired performance can be produced.
- the concentrations of the metal-containing catalyst, aluminoxane, and the ionic compound are preferably 0.00000001 to 100 mol / L, more preferably 0.00000005 to 50 mol / L, and particularly preferably 0.0000001 to 20 mol / L.
- a certain amount of solvent is used.
- the number of moles of transition metal elements of the metal-containing catalyst and M a, the number of moles of aluminum in the aluminoxane and M b1, the number of moles of ionic compound M b2 in the case of, the value of (M b1 + M b2) / M a is preferably 1 to 200000 and more preferably 5 to 100,000, as particularly preferably from 10 to 80,000, a liquid containing raw materials of the catalyst composition It is preferable to mix.
- the temperature at which the liquid containing the raw material of the catalyst composition is mixed is not particularly limited, but is preferably -100 to 100 ° C, more preferably -50 to 50 ° C.
- Mixing of the metal-containing catalyst solution for preparing the catalyst composition with the aluminoxane and / or the ionic compound may be carried out in a device separate from the polymerization vessel before the polymerization, and in the polymerization vessel, It may be carried out before or during the polymerization.
- aluminoxan As the alkynexane, various aluminoxanes conventionally used as co-catalysts and the like in the polymerization of various olefins can be used without particular limitation.
- the aluminoxane is an organic aluminoxane.
- one type of aluminoxane may be used alone, or two or more types may be used in combination.
- an alkylaluminoxane is preferably used as the aluminoxane.
- the alkylaluminoxane include compounds represented by the following formulas (b1-1) or (b1-2).
- the alkylaluminoxane represented by the following formula (b1-1) or (b1-2) is a product obtained by reacting trialkylaluminum with water.
- R represents an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms
- n represents an integer of 0 to 40, preferably 2 to 30).
- alkylaluminoxane examples include methylaluminoxane and modified methylaluminoxane in which a part of the methyl group of the methylaluminoxane is replaced with another alkyl group.
- modified methylaluminoxane for example, as the substituted alkyl group, a modified methylaluminoxane having an alkyl group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms such as an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, a butyl group and an isobutyl group is preferable, and in particular, a modified methylaluminoxane is preferable.
- a modified methylaluminoxane in which a part of the methyl group is replaced with an isobutyl group is more preferable.
- the alkylaluminoxane include methylaluminoxane, ethylaluminoxane, propylaluminoxan, butylaluminoxane, isobutylaluminoxan, methylethylaluminoxan, methylbutylaluminoxane, methylisobutylaluminoxan and the like, and among them, methylaluminoxane and methylisobutylaluminoxan are preferable.
- Alkyl aluminoxane can be prepared by a known method. Further, as the alkylaluminoxane, a commercially available product may be used. Examples of commercially available products of alkylaluminoxane include MMAO-3A, TMAO-200 series, TMAO-340 series, solid MAO (all manufactured by Tosoh Finechem Co., Ltd.) and methylaluminoxane solution (manufactured by Albemarle Corporation). .. It is more preferable to use an alkylaluminoxane other than solid MAO because it is easy to suppress the formation of polyethylene-like impurities.
- the ionic compound is a compound that produces a cationic transition metal compound by reacting with a metal-containing catalyst.
- ionic compounds include tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate anions, amine cations having active protons such as dimethylphenylammonium cations ((CH 3 ) 2 N (C 6 H 5 ) H + ), (C 6 H). 5) 3 C + trisubstituted carbonium cation such as, carborane cation, can be used an ionic compound containing ions such as ferrocenium cation having metal carborane cation, a transition metal.
- a suitable example of an ionic compound is borate.
- Preferred specific examples of borate are tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) trityl borate, dimethylphenylammonium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate, and N, N-dimethylanilinium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate, N-methyldinormaldecyl.
- Examples thereof include N-methyldialkylammonium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate such as ammonium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate.
- a metal-containing catalyst or a catalyst composition containing a metal-containing catalyst is selected from aluminoxane and an alkylaluminum compound in the polymerization vessel before adding the catalyst composition. It is preferable to have one or more kinds of catalysts.
- Alminoxane is as described in the method for producing a catalyst composition.
- the alkylaluminum compound a compound conventionally used for polymerization of olefins and the like can be used without particular limitation.
- the alkylaluminum compound include compounds represented by the following general formula (II). (R 10 ) z AlX 3-z (II) (In the formula (II), R 10 is an alkyl group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 8 carbon atoms, X is a halogen atom or a hydrogen atom, and z is an integer of 1 to 3).
- alkyl group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms examples include a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, an isobutyl group, an n-octyl group and the like.
- alkylaluminum compound examples include trialkylaluminum such as trimethylaluminum, triethylaluminum, triisopropylaluminum, trin-butylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum, trisec-butylaluminum and trin-octylaluminum; dimethylaluminum chloride, Examples thereof include dialkylaluminum halides such as diisobutylaluminum chloride; dialkylaluminum hydrides such as diisobutylaluminum hydride; and dialkylaluminum alkoxides such as dimethylaluminum methoxide.
- dialkylaluminum halides such as diisobutylaluminum chloride
- dialkylaluminum hydrides such as diisobutylaluminum hydride
- dialkylaluminum alkoxides such as dimethylaluminum methoxide.
- the amount used is 1 to 1,000,000 mol as the number of moles of aluminum in the aluminoxane with respect to 1 mol of the metal-containing catalyst. Is preferable, and 10 to 100,000 mol is more preferable.
- the alkylaluminum compound is added into the polymerization vessel before adding the metal-containing catalyst or the catalyst composition containing the metal-containing catalyst, the amount used is 1 to 500,000 mol as the number of moles of aluminum per 1 mol of the metal-containing catalyst. Preferably, 10 to 50,000 mol is more preferable.
- the polymerization is preferably carried out in the presence of a metal-containing catalyst and aluminoxane, or in the presence of a metal-containing catalyst, an ionic compound and alkylaluminum.
- the polymerization conditions are not particularly limited as long as the cyclic olefin copolymer having desired physical properties can be obtained, and known conditions can be used.
- the amount of the catalyst composition used is derived from the amount of the metal-containing compound used in its preparation.
- the amount of the catalyst composition used is preferably 0.000000001 to 0.005 mol, preferably 0.00000001 to 0.0005 mol, based on 1 mol of the norbornene monomer, as the mass of the metal-containing compound used for the preparation thereof. More preferred.
- the polymerization time is not particularly limited, and the polymerization is carried out until a desired yield is reached or the molecular weight of the polymer is increased to a desired degree.
- the polymerization time varies depending on the temperature, the composition of the catalyst, and the composition of the monomer, but is typically 0.01 hours to 120 hours, preferably 0.1 hours to 80 hours, and 0.2 hours to 0.2 hours. 10 hours is more preferred.
- the catalyst composition is continuously added to the polymerization vessel.
- the cyclic olefin copolymer can be continuously produced, and the production cost of the cyclic olefin copolymer can be reduced.
- a cyclic olefin copolymer can be efficiently produced by copolymerizing a norbornene monomer and a monomer containing ethylene to suppress the formation of polyethylene-like impurities.
- the glass transition temperature of the obtained cyclic olefin copolymer is not particularly limited, but is preferably 185 ° C. or lower, more preferably 160 ° C. or lower, further preferably 130 ° C. or lower, even more preferably 120 ° C. or lower, and 100 ° C. or lower. Especially preferable.
- a sample of the cyclic olefin copolymer produced by the above method was measured by a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) under a nitrogen atmosphere and a heating rate of 20 ° C./min according to the method described in JIS K7121.
- DSC differential scanning calorimeter
- the obtained DSC curve does not have a peak of melting point (melting enthalpy) derived from polyethylene-like impurities. This means that polyethylene-like impurities in the cyclic olefin copolymer are absent or very few.
- the peak of the melting point derived from the polyethylene-like impurities on the DSC curve is generally detected in the range of 100 ° C to 140 ° C. Ru.
- the cyclic olefin copolymer produced by the above method has a low content of polyethylene-like impurities and is excellent in transparency. Therefore, the cyclic olefin copolymer produced by the above method is required to have a high degree of transparency in terms of optical function and aesthetics, and is an optical film or an optical sheet, or a film or sheet for a packaging material. It is particularly preferably used as a material for the above.
- Examples 1 to 17 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 In the production of the cyclic olefin resin composition, the following C1 was used as the metal-containing catalyst in Examples 1 to 15.
- CC1 6.5% by mass (as Al atom content) MMAO-3A toluene solution ([ (CH 3) 0.7 (iso- C 4 H 9) 0.3 AlO] methyl isobutyl aluminoxane solution represented by n, Tosoh Finechem Co., Note 6 mol% of trimethyl aluminum to the total Al Contains)
- CC2 9.0% by mass (as Al atom content) TMAO-211 toluene solution (solution of methylaluminoxane, manufactured by Tosoh Finechem Co., Ltd., still containing 26 mol% of trimethylaluminum with respect to total Al)
- CC3 N-Methyldialkylammonium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate (alkyl: C14 to C18 (average: C17.5) (manufactured by Tosoh Finechem Co.,
- the polymerization solvent shown in Table 2 and the amount (30 to 160 mmol) of 2-norbornene shown in Table 2 were added to a well-dried 150 mL stainless steel autoclave containing a stir bar.
- the co-catalysts listed in Table 1 were then added as described below.
- CC1 or CC2 was added.
- CC4 was added, a metal-containing catalyst solution was added, and then CC3 was added.
- the metal-containing catalyst solution was prepared using toluene.
- the autoclave was heated to the polymerization temperature shown in Table 2, and then the metal-containing catalyst solution was added so that the amount of the metal-containing catalyst was the amount shown in Table 1. .. Next, after applying an ethylene pressure with a gauge pressure of 0.9 MPa, 30 seconds later was set as the polymerization start point. However, in the example in which CC3 was used in combination, the metal-containing catalyst solution was added so that the amount of the metal-containing catalyst was the amount shown in Table 1, and then the solution of CC3 prepared using the polymerization solvent shown in Table 2 was used. After the addition, an ethylene pressure with a gauge pressure of 0.9 MPa was applied.
- the total volume of the monomer solution immediately before applying ethylene pressure was 80 mL. After 15 minutes from the start of the polymerization, the ethylene supply was stopped, the pressure was carefully returned to normal pressure, and then isopropyl alcohol was added to the reaction solution to stop the reaction. Then, the polymerization solution was put into a mixed solvent of 300 mL of acetone, 200 mL of methanol or isopropyl alcohol, and 5 mL of hydrochloric acid to precipitate the copolymer. The copolymer was recovered by suction filtration, washed with acetone and methanol, and vacuum dried at 110 ° C. for 12 hours to obtain a copolymer of norbornene and ethylene. Table 2 shows the copolymer yield (kg) per 1 g of the catalyst, which is calculated from the amount of the catalyst used and the amount of the copolymer obtained.
- Tg ⁇ Glass transition temperature (Tg)> The Tg of the cyclic olefin copolymer was measured by the DSC method (method described in JIS K7121).
- DSC device Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC-Q1000 manufactured by TA Instrument) Measurement atmosphere: Nitrogen temperature rise condition: 20 ° C / min
- the calorific value (mJ / mg) was calculated from the peak area of the melting point derived from the polyethylene-like impurities observed in the range of 100 ° C to 140 ° C. The larger the calculated calorific value, the higher the content of polyethylene-like impurities.
- ND in Table 2 indicates that the peak of the melting point derived from the polyethylene-like impurity is not detected on the DSC curve.
- Comparative Example 1 in which a metal-containing compound having no structure bonded to the periodic table Group 4 transition metal (Ti) and the periodic table Group V transition metal (P) was used as a catalyst, a 1 g catalyst was used. Not only was the yield of the cyclic olefin copolymer per unit well below 10 kg, but the formation of polyethylene-like impurities could not be suppressed.
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Abstract
Description
代表的な環状オレフィン共重合体として、透明樹脂として広く使用される、環状オレフィンとエチレンとの共重合体がある。環状オレフィンとエチレンとの共重合体は、そのガラス転移温度を環状オレフィンとエチレンとの共重合組成に応じて変えることが可能なため、広い温度領域でガラス転移温度(Tg)を調整した共重合体を製造することができる(例えば、非特許文献1を参照)。
しかしながら、環状オレフィン共重合体の製造効率を高める目的で、活性の高い触媒を用いて重合を行うと、ポリエチレン様の不純物が生成しやすい場合がある。環状オレフィン共重合体にポリエチレン様の不純物が含まれると、環状オレフィン共重合体を溶媒に溶解させた場合に濁りが生じる。このような現象からも理解できる通り、環状オレフィン共重合体にポリエチレン様の不純物が含まれると、環状オレフィン共重合体の透明性の低下が懸念される。さらに、ポリエチレン様の不純物が生成すると、環状オレフィン共重合体を製造する一般的な製造プロセスにおいて、不溶なポリエチレン様の不純物をろ過・除去するという製造コストの増大を招くプロセスが必要である。
少なくとも、ノルボルネン単量体と、エチレンとをモノマーとして重合容器内に仕込むことと、
重合容器内のモノマーを含金属触媒の存在下に重合させることと、を含み、
含金属触媒が、窒素原子が周期律表第4族遷移金属と周期律表第15属の原子とに結合した構造を有している、製造方法。
式(a1a)中、Ra1~Ra5は、それぞれ独立に、同一でも異なっていてもよく、水素原子、ヘテロ原子を含んでいてもよい炭素原子数1~20の有機置換基、又は無機置換基であり、Ra1~Ra5のうちの5員環上で隣接する2つの基は相互に結合して環を形成してもよく、
式(a1b)中、Ra6~Ra8は、それぞれ独立に、同一でも異なっていてもよく、水素原子、ヘテロ原子を含んでいてもよい炭素原子数1~20の有機置換基、又は無機置換基であり、Ra6~Ra8から選択される2つの基が相互に結合して環を形成してもよく、
L2は上記式(a1b)で表される基である。)
で表される含金属化合物である、(1)又は(2)に記載の環状オレフィン共重合体の製造方法。
式(a1a)中、Ra1~Ra5は、それぞれ独立に、同一でも異なっていてもよく、水素原子、ヘテロ原子を含んでいてもよい炭素原子数1~20の有機置換基、又は無機置換基であり、Ra1~Ra5のうちの5員環上で隣接する2つの基は相互に結合して環を形成してもよく、
式(a1b)中、Ra6~Ra8は、それぞれ独立に、同一でも異なっていてもよく、水素原子、ヘテロ原子を含んでいてもよい炭素原子数1~20の有機置換基、又は無機置換基であり、Ra6~Ra8から選択される2つの基が相互に結合して環を形成してもよく、
L2は上記式(a1b)で表される基である。)
で表される含金属化合物である、(9)又は(10)に記載のノルボルネン単量体とエチレンとの共重合用の触媒組成物。
環状オレフィン共重合体の製造方法では、ノルボルネン単量体由来の構成単位とエチレン由来の構成単位とを含む環状オレフィン共重合体を製造する。
当該製造方法は、
少なくとも、ノルボルネン単量体と、エチレンとをモノマーとして重合容器内に仕込むことと、
重合容器内のモノマーを含金属触媒の存在下に重合させることと、を含む。
以下、ノルボルネン単量体と、エチレンとをモノマーとして重合容器内に仕込むことを仕込み工程とも称する。また、重合容器内のモノマーを含金属触媒の存在下に重合させることを重合工程とも称する。
重合に使用される含金属触媒は、窒素原子が周期律表第4族遷移金属と周期律表第15属の原子とに結合した構造を有する。
仕込み工程では、ノルボルネン単量体と、エチレンとをモノマーとして重合容器内に仕込む。重合容器には、本発明の目的を阻害しない範囲で、ノルボルネン単量体、及びエチレン以外の他の単量体が仕込まれてもよい。環状オレフィン共重合体における、ノルボルネン単量体に由来する構成単位の比率と、エチレンに由来する構成単位の比率との合計は、典型的には、全構成単位に対して、80質量%以上が好ましく、95質量%以上がより好ましく。98質量%以上がさらに好ましい。
ノルボルネン単量体としては、例えば、ノルボルネン及び置換ノルボルネンが挙げられ、ノルボルネンが好ましい。ノルボルネン単量体は、1種単独で又は2種以上組み合わせて使用することができる。
R9とR10、R11とR12は、一体化して2価の炭化水素基を形成してもよく、
R9又はR10と、R11又はR12とは、互いに環を形成していてもよい。
また、nは、0又は正の整数を示し、
nが2以上の場合には、R5~R8は、それぞれの繰り返し単位の中で、それぞれ同一でも異なっていてもよい。
ただし、n=0の場合、R1~R4及びR9~R12の少なくとも1個は、水素原子ではない。)
トリシクロ[4.3.0.12,5]デカ-3,7-ジエン(慣用名:ジシクロペンタジエン)、トリシクロ[4.3.0.12,5]デカ-3-エン;トリシクロ[4.4.0.12,5]ウンデカ-3,7-ジエン若しくはトリシクロ[4.4.0.12,5]ウンデカ-3,8-ジエン又はこれらの部分水素添加物(又はシクロペンタジエンとシクロヘキセンの付加物)であるトリシクロ[4.4.0.12,5]ウンデカ-3-エン;5-シクロペンチル-ビシクロ[2.2.1]ヘプタ-2-エン、5-シクロヘキシル-ビシクロ[2.2.1]ヘプタ-2-エン、5-シクロヘキセニルビシクロ[2.2.1]ヘプタ-2-エン、5-フェニル-ビシクロ[2.2.1]ヘプタ-2-エンといった3環の環状オレフィン;
テトラシクロ[4.4.0.12,5.17,10]ドデカ-3-エン(単にテトラシクロドデセンともいう)、8-メチルテトラシクロ[4.4.0.12,5.17,10]ドデカ-3-エン、8-エチルテトラシクロ[4.4.0.12,5.17,10]ドデカ-3-エン、8-メチリデンテトラシクロ[4.4.0.12,5.17,10]ドデカ-3-エン、8-エチリデンテトラシクロ[4.4.0.12,5.17,10]ドデカ-3-エン、8-ビニルテトラシクロ[4,4.0.12,5.17,10]ドデカ-3-エン、8-プロペニル-テトラシクロ[4.4.0.12,5.17,10]ドデカ-3-エンといった4環の環状オレフィン;
8-シクロペンチル-テトラシクロ[4.4.0.12,5.17,10]ドデカ-3-エン、8-シクロヘキシル-テトラシクロ[4.4.0.12,5.17,10]ドデカ-3-エン、8-シクロヘキセニル-テトラシクロ[4.4.0.12,5.17,10]ドデカ-3-エン、8-フェニル-シクロペンチル-テトラシクロ[4.4.0.12,5.17,10]ドデカ-3-エン;テトラシクロ[7.4.13,6.01,9.02,7]テトラデカ-4,9,11,13-テトラエン(1,4-メタノ-1,4,4a,9a-テトラヒドロフルオレンともいう)、テトラシクロ[8.4.14,7.01,10.03,8]ペンタデカ-5,10,12,14-テトラエン(1,4-メタノ-1,4,4a,5,10,10a-ヘキサヒドロアントラセンともいう);ペンタシクロ[6.6.1.13,6.02,7.09,14]-4-ヘキサデセン、ペンタシクロ[6.5.1.13,6.02,7.09,13]-4-ペンタデセン、ペンタシクロ[7.4.0.02,7.13,6.110,13]-4-ペンタデセン;ヘプタシクロ[8.7.0.12,9.14,7.111,17.03,8.012,16]-5-エイコセン、ヘプタシクロ[8.7.0.12,9.03,8.14,7.012,17.113,l6]-14-エイコセン;シクロペンタジエンの4量体等の多環の環状オレフィンを挙げることができる。
重合工程では、重合容器内のモノマーを所定の要件を満たす含金属触媒の存在下に重合させる。
重合時の温度は特に限定されない。環状オレフィン共重合体の収率が良好であること等から、重合時の温度は、20℃以上が好ましく、30℃以上がより好ましく、50℃以上がさらに好ましく、60℃以上がさらにより好ましく、70℃以上が特に好ましい。重合時の温度は80℃以上であってもよい。
重合時の温度の上限は特に限定されない、重合時の温度の上限は、例えば200℃以下であってよく、140℃以下であってもよく、120℃以下であってもよい。
かかる触媒を用いることにより、ポリエチレン様の不純物の生成を抑制しつつ、良好に環状オレフィン共重合体を製造することができる。
また、含金属触媒における周期律表第15属の原子としては、P、As、Sbが好ましく、Pがより好ましい。
Xは、ヘテロ原子を含んでいてもよい炭素原子数1~20の有機置換基、又はハロゲン原子である。
L1は、下記式(a1a)又は式(a1b)で表される基であり、触媒活性の点から下記式(a1a)で表される基がより好ましい。また、L2は、下記式(a1b)で表される基である。式(a1)中、L1及びL2がともに式(a1b)で表される基である場合、L1及びL2は同一の基でも異なった基でもよく、同一の基であるのが好ましい。
式(a1b)中、Ra6~Ra8は、それぞれ独立に、同一でも異なっていてもよく、水素原子、ヘテロ原子を含んでいてもよい炭素原子数1~20の有機置換基、又は無機置換基である。Ra6~Ra8から選択される2つの基が相互に結合して環を形成してもよい。
ヘテロ原子を含んでいてもよい炭素原子数1~20の有機置換基については、有機置換基がヘテロ原子を含む場合、ヘテロ原子の種類は本発明の目的を阻害しない範囲で特に限定されない。ヘテロ原子の具体例としては、酸素原子、窒素原子、硫黄原子、リン原子、ケイ素原子、セレン原子、及びハロゲン原子等が挙げられる。
Ra1~Ra5としての、ヘテロ原子を含んでいてもよい炭素原子数1~20の有機置換基の具体例及び好ましい例は、それぞれ、Xとしての、ヘテロ原子を含んでいてもよい炭素原子数1~20の有機置換基の具体例及び好ましい例と同様である。
無機置換基の具体例としては、ハロゲン原子、ニトロ基、無置換のアミノ基、及びシアノ基等が挙げられる。
Ra6~Ra8としての、ヘテロ原子を含んでいてもよい炭素原子数1~20の有機置換基の具体例及び好ましい例は、それぞれ、Xとしての、ヘテロ原子を含んでいてもよい炭素原子数1~20の有機置換基の具体例及び好ましい例と同様である。
加えて、Ra6~Ra8としての、ヘテロ原子を含んでいてもよい炭素原子数1~20の有機置換基としては、式(a1b)で表される基であって、Ra6~Ra8が、それぞれ独立に炭素原子数1~20の炭化水素基である基も好ましい。
Ra6~Ra8としての、ヘテロ原子を含んでいてもよい炭素原子数1~20の有機置換基が、式(a1b)で表される基である場合の好ましい例としては、-N=P(Me)3、-N=P(Et)3、-N=P(n-Pr)3、-N=P(iso-Pr)3、-N=P(n-Bu)3、-N=P(iso-Bu)3、-N=P(sec-Bu)3、-N=P(tert-Bu)3、及び-N=P(Ph)3が挙げられる。これらの中では、-N=P(tert-Bu)3、及び-N=P(iso-Pr)3が好ましく、-N=P(tert-Bu)3がより好ましい。なお、Meはメチル基であり、Etはエチル基であり、n-Prはn-プロピル基であり、iso-Prはiso-プロピル基であり、n-Buはn-ブチル基であり、iso-Buはイソブチル基であり、sec-Buはsec-ブチル基であり、tert-Buはtert-ブチル基であり、Phはフェニル基である。
また、Ra6~Ra8としての、無機置換基の具体例は、Ra1~Ra5としての、無機置換基の具体例と同様である。
ここで、イオン化合物は、含金属触媒との反応によりカチオン性遷移金属化合物を生成させる化合物である。
アルミノキサンとしては、従来より種々のオレフィンの重合において助触媒等として使用されている種々のアルミノキサンを特に制限なく用いることができる。典型的には、アルミノキサンは有機アルミノキサンである。
触媒組成物の製造に際して、アルミノキサンは1種を単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
イオン化合物は、含金属触媒との反応によりカチオン性遷移金属化合物を生成する化合物である。
かかるイオン化合物としては、テトラキス(ペンタフルオロフェニル)ボレートのアニオン、ジメチルフェニルアンモニウムカチオン((CH3)2N(C6H5)H+)のような活性プロトンを有するアミンカチオン、(C6H5)3C+のような三置換カルボニウムカチオン、カルボランカチオン、メタルカルボランカチオン、遷移金属を有するフェロセニウムカチオン等のイオンを含むイオン性化合物を用いることができる。
アルキルアルミニウム化合物としては、オレフィン類の重合等に従来より用いられている化合物を特に限定なく使用できる。アルキルアルミニウム化合物としては、例えば、下記一般式(II)で示される化合物が挙げられる。
(R10)zAlX3-z (II)
(式(II)中、R10は炭素原子数が1~15、好ましくは1~8のアルキル基であり、Xはハロゲン原子又は水素原子であり、zは1~3の整数である。)
含金属触媒、又は含金属触媒を含む触媒組成物を加える前に、重合容器内にアルキルアルミニウム化合物を加える場合の使用量は、含金属触媒1モルに対するアルミニウムのモル数として、1~500000モルが好ましく、10~50000モルがより好ましい。
触媒組成物の使用量は、その調製に用いられる含金属化合物の使用量から導出される。触媒組成物の使用量は、その調製に用いられた含金属化合物の質量として、ノルボルネン単量体1モルに対し、0.000000001~0.005モルが好ましく、0.00000001~0.0005モルがより好ましい。
重合時間は、温度や、触媒の組成や、単量体組成によっても異なるが、典型的には0.01時間~120時間であり、0.1時間~80時間が好ましく、0.2時間~10時間がより好ましい。
触媒組成物を連続的に添加することにより、環状オレフィン共重合体の連続製造が可能になり、環状オレフィン共重合体の製造コストを低減させることが可能になる。
得られる環状オレフィン共重合体のガラス転移温度は特に限定されないが、例えば185℃以下が好ましく、160℃以下がより好ましく、130℃以下がさらに好ましく、120℃以下がさらにより好ましく、100℃以下が特に好ましい。
また、上記の方法により製造される環状オレフィン共重合体の試料を、JIS K7121に記載の方法に従って、窒素雰囲気下、昇温速度20℃/分の条件で示差走査熱量計(DSC)により測定した場合、得られたDSC曲線が、ポリエチレン様の不純物に由来する融点(融解エンタルピー)のピークを有さないことが好ましい。このことは、環状オレフィン共重合体中のポリエチレン様の不純物が存在しないか極めて少ないことを意味する。なお、環状オレフィン共重合体中にポリエチレン様の不純物が含まれている場合、DSC曲線上のポリエチレン様の不純物に由来する融点のピークは、一般的に100℃~140℃の範囲内に検出される。
環状オレフィン樹脂組成物を製造するに際し、実施例1~15では、含金属触媒として下記のC1を用いた。
CC1:6.5質量%(Al原子の含有量として)MMAO-3Aトルエン溶液([
(CH3)0.7(iso-C4H9)0.3AlO]nで表されるメチルイソブチルアルミノキサンの溶液、東ソー・ファインケム(株)製、なお全Alに対して6mol%のトリメチルアルミニウムを含有する)
CC2:9.0質量%(Al原子の含有量として)TMAO-211トルエン溶液(メチルアルミノキサンの溶液、東ソー・ファインケム(株)製、なお全Alに対して26mol%のトリメチルアルミニウムを含有する)
CC3:N-メチルジアルキルアンモニウムテトラキス(ペンタフルオロフェニル)ボレート(アルキル:C14~C18(平均:C17.5)(東ソー・ファインケム(株)製)
CC4:トリイソブチルアルミニウム(東ソー・ファインケム(株)製)
実施例1~7及び比較例1~3では、CC1、又はCC2を加えた。
実施例8~17では、CC4を加え、含金属触媒溶液を添加した後にCC3を加えた。含金属触媒溶液はトルエンを用いて調製された。
上記のように助触媒を添加した後、表2に記載した重合温度になるまでオートクレーブを加熱した後、含金属触媒溶液を、含金属触媒量が表1に記載した量となるように添加した。次いでゲージ圧0.9MPaのエチレン圧をかけた後、30秒後を重合開始点とした。ただし、CC3を併用した実施例では、含金属触媒溶液を含金属触媒量が表1に記載した量となるように添加した後、表2に記載の重合溶媒を用いて調製したCC3の溶液を加えてから、ゲージ圧0.9MPaのエチレン圧をかけた。
なお、エチレン圧をかける直前のモノマー溶液の全量は、80mLとした。
重合開始から15分後、エチレン供給を停止し、注意深く圧力を常圧に戻した後、反応溶液中にイソプロピルアルコールを加えて反応を停止させた。その後、アセトン300mL、メタノールあるいはイソプロピルアルコール200mL、塩酸5mLの混合溶媒に重合溶液を投入して共重合体を沈殿化させた。共重合体を吸引濾過にて回収し、アセトン、メタノールで洗浄後、共重合体を110℃で12時間真空乾燥を行い、ノルボルネンとエチレンとの共重合体を得た。
触媒の使用量と、共重合体の取得量とから算出される、触媒1g当たりの共重合体収量(kg)を、表2に記す。
DSC法(JIS K7121記載の方法)によって、環状オレフィン共重合体のTgを測定した。
DSC装置:示差走査熱量計(TA Instrument社製 DSC-Q1000)
測定雰囲気:窒素
昇温条件:20℃/分
ガラス転移温度の測定により得られたDSC曲線において、100℃~140℃の範囲内に観察されるポリエチレン様の不純物に由来する融点のピーク面積から発熱量(mJ/mg)を算出した。算出された発熱量が大きいほど、ポリエチレン様の不純物の含有量が多い。
なお、表2中のNDは、DSC曲線上においてポリエチレン様の不純物に由来する融点のピークが検出されないことを示す。
得られた環状オレフィン共重合体0.1gを、トルエン10gに溶解させた後、溶液における濁りの有無を観察した。濁りが認められた場合を×と判定し、濁りが認められなかった場合を○と判定した。
他方、周期律表第4族遷移金属(Ti)と周期律表第V族遷移金属(P)とに結合している構造を有しない含金属化合物を触媒として用いた比較例1では、1g触媒あたりの環状オレフィン共重合体収量が10kgを大きく下回るだけでなく、ポリエチレン様の不純物の生成を抑制することができなかった。
Claims (14)
- ノルボルネン単量体由来の構成単位とエチレン由来の構成単位とを含む環状オレフィン共重合体の製造方法であって、
少なくとも、前記ノルボルネン単量体と、前記エチレンとをモノマーとして重合容器内に仕込むことと、
前記重合容器内の前記モノマーを含金属触媒の存在下に重合させることと、を含み、
前記含金属触媒が、窒素原子が周期律表第4族遷移金属と周期律表第15属の原子とに結合した構造を有している、製造方法。 - 前記周期律表第15属の原子がリン原子である、請求項1に記載の環状オレフィン共重合体の製造方法。
- 前記含金属触媒が、下記式(a1):
式(a1a)中、Ra1~Ra5は、それぞれ独立に、同一でも異なっていてもよく、水素原子、ヘテロ原子を含んでいてもよい炭素原子数1~20の有機置換基、又は無機置換基であり、Ra1~Ra5のうちの5員環上で隣接する2つの基は相互に結合して環を形成してもよく、
式(a1b)中、Ra6~Ra8は、それぞれ独立に、同一でも異なっていてもよく、水素原子、ヘテロ原子を含んでいてもよい炭素原子数1~20の有機置換基、又は無機置換基であり、Ra6~Ra8から選択される2つの基が相互に結合して環を形成してもよく、
L2は上記式(a1b)で表される基である。)
で表される含金属化合物である、請求項1又は2に記載の環状オレフィン共重合体の製造方法。 - 前記周期律表第4族遷移金属がTiである、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の環状オレフィン共重合体の製造方法。
- 前記モノマーの重合を、前記含金属触媒、及び助触媒の存在下で行う、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の環状オレフィン共重合体の製造方法。
- 前記助触媒が、アルミノキサン及びボレート化合物の少なくとも一方を含む、請求項5に記載の環状オレフィン共重合体の製造方法。
- 前記モノマーの重合を、炭化水素溶媒の存在下で行う、請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の環状オレフィン共重合体の製造方法。
- 前記環状オレフィン共重合体の試料を、JIS K7121に記載の方法に従って、窒素雰囲気下、昇温速度20℃/分の条件で示差走査熱量計による測定を行って得られたDSC曲線が、100℃~140℃の範囲内にポリエチレン様の不純物に由来する融点のピークを有さない、請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の環状オレフィン共重合体の製造方法。
- 窒素原子が周期律表第4族遷移金属と周期律表第15属の原子とに結合した構造を有する含金属触媒を含む、ノルボルネン単量体とエチレンとの共重合用の触媒組成物。
- 前記周期律表第15属の原子がリン原子である、請求項9に記載のノルボルネン単量体とエチレンとの共重合用の触媒組成物。
- 前記含金属触媒が、下記式(a1):
式(a1a)中、Ra1~Ra5は、それぞれ独立に、同一でも異なっていてもよく、水素原子、ヘテロ原子を含んでいてもよい炭素原子数1~20の有機置換基、又は無機置換基であり、Ra1~Ra5のうちの5員環上で隣接する2つの基は相互に結合して環を形成してもよく、
式(a1b)中、Ra6~Ra8は、それぞれ独立に、同一でも異なっていてもよく、水素原子、ヘテロ原子を含んでいてもよい炭素原子数1~20の有機置換基、又は無機置換基であり、Ra6~Ra8から選択される2つの基が相互に結合して環を形成してもよく、
L2は上記式(a1b)で表される基である。)
で表される含金属化合物である、請求項9又は10に記載のノルボルネン単量体とエチレンとの共重合用の触媒組成物。 - 前記周期律表第4族遷移金属がTiである、請求項9~11のいずれか1項に記載のノルボルネン単量体とエチレンとの共重合用の触媒組成物。
- さらに助触媒を含む、請求項9~12のいずれか1項に記載のノルボルネン単量体とエチレンとの共重合用の触媒組成物。
- 前記助触媒が、アルミノキサン及びボレート化合物の少なくとも一方を含む、請求項13に記載のノルボルネン単量体とエチレンとの共重合用の触媒組成物。
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