WO2021193743A1 - 摺動部品 - Google Patents
摺動部品 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2021193743A1 WO2021193743A1 PCT/JP2021/012316 JP2021012316W WO2021193743A1 WO 2021193743 A1 WO2021193743 A1 WO 2021193743A1 JP 2021012316 W JP2021012316 W JP 2021012316W WO 2021193743 A1 WO2021193743 A1 WO 2021193743A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- dynamic pressure
- pressure generating
- generating groove
- sliding
- groove
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C17/00—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C17/04—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement for axial load only
- F16C17/045—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement for axial load only with grooves in the bearing surface to generate hydrodynamic pressure, e.g. spiral groove thrust bearings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C17/00—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C17/04—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement for axial load only
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/06—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings
- F16C32/0629—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings supported by a liquid cushion, e.g. oil cushion
- F16C32/0633—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings supported by a liquid cushion, e.g. oil cushion the liquid being retained in a gap
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/72—Sealings
- F16C33/74—Sealings of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/741—Sealings of sliding-contact bearings by means of a fluid
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
- F16J15/34—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
- F16J15/34—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member
- F16J15/3404—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member and characterised by parts or details relating to lubrication, cooling or venting of the seal
- F16J15/3408—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member and characterised by parts or details relating to lubrication, cooling or venting of the seal at least one ring having an uneven slipping surface
- F16J15/3412—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member and characterised by parts or details relating to lubrication, cooling or venting of the seal at least one ring having an uneven slipping surface with cavities
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
- F16J15/34—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member
- F16J15/3404—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member and characterised by parts or details relating to lubrication, cooling or venting of the seal
- F16J15/3408—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member and characterised by parts or details relating to lubrication, cooling or venting of the seal at least one ring having an uneven slipping surface
- F16J15/3424—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member and characterised by parts or details relating to lubrication, cooling or venting of the seal at least one ring having an uneven slipping surface with microcavities
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C17/00—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C17/04—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement for axial load only
- F16C17/047—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement for axial load only with fixed wedges to generate hydrodynamic pressure
Definitions
- the present invention relates to sliding parts that rotate relative to each other, for example, sliding parts used in a shaft sealing device for shaft-sealing the rotating shaft of a rotating machine in an automobile, a general industrial machine, or other sealing fields, or an automobile or a general industrial machine. Or other sliding parts used for bearings of machines in the bearing field.
- a mechanical seal is provided with a pair of annular sliding parts that rotate relative to each other and slide between sliding surfaces.
- it has been desired to reduce the energy lost due to sliding for environmental measures and the like.
- a pair of annular sliding parts are configured to be relatively rotatable, a sealed fluid exists in the outer space, and a low-pressure fluid exists in the inner space.
- One of the sliding parts communicates with the inner space where the low-pressure fluid exists, extends in an arc shape while inclining in the circumferential direction from the inner diameter end toward the outer diameter side, and the end is closed downstream in the relative rotation direction.
- a spiral groove is provided. According to this, when the pair of sliding parts rotate relative to each other, a low-pressure fluid is introduced into the spiral groove of one of the sliding parts, so that a positive pressure is generated at the end and in the vicinity thereof, and the pair of sliding parts slide.
- Low friction is achieved by slightly separating the sliding surfaces of the parts. Further, since the spiral groove generates a negative pressure at the starting end and its vicinity and sucks the sealed fluid flowing from the outer space between the sliding surfaces, the sealed fluid leaks from between the pair of sliding parts to the low pressure inner space. Can be prevented.
- the spiral groove is arranged on the leak side of one of the sliding components, and extends from the inner diameter end to the outer diameter side so that a low-pressure fluid can be introduced. Therefore, although it is possible to reduce wear and suppress leakage, sufficient dynamic pressure is not generated in the spiral groove until the sliding parts reach a certain high-speed rotation state, and the sliding surfaces are separated from each other. It took a long time, and there was a risk that the sliding surfaces would wear out.
- the present invention has been made by paying attention to such a problem, and it is possible to suppress wear between sliding surfaces from the start of relative rotation of a pair of sliding parts to the time of high-speed rotation, and to prevent leakage of the sealed fluid.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a sliding component that can be suppressed.
- the sliding parts of the present invention are An annular sliding component that is placed at a location where the rotating machine rotates relative to another and slides relative to other sliding components.
- On the sliding surface of the sliding component there are a plurality of first dynamic pressure generating grooves arranged on the leak side and having a terminal to generate positive pressure, and a plurality of first dynamic pressure generating grooves arranged on the sealed fluid side and having a terminal to generate positive pressure. It is equipped with a plurality of second dynamic pressure generating grooves and The depth of the second dynamic pressure generating groove is shallower than the depth of the first dynamic pressure generating groove.
- the depth of the second dynamic pressure generating groove is shallower than the depth of the first dynamic pressure generating groove, it is generated by the sealed fluid in the second dynamic pressure generating groove when the relative rotation speed of the sliding component is low.
- the sliding surfaces are separated from each other mainly by the second force due to the positive pressure generated, and as the relative rotation speed of the sliding parts increases, the positive generated by the leak-side fluid in the first dynamic pressure generation groove.
- the first force due to pressure increases rapidly and the relative rotation speed of the sliding parts becomes sufficiently high, the first force becomes larger than the second force, so that the sliding surfaces are separated from each other mainly by the first force.
- the gap formed between the sliding surfaces becomes large, so that the positive pressure is less likely to be generated in the second dynamic pressure generating groove, and the positive pressure generated in the first dynamic pressure generating groove is not generated.
- the first force due to the pressure is the main component, and the sliding surfaces can be stably separated from each other. Therefore, the sliding surfaces can be separated from each other from the start of relative rotation of the pair of sliding parts to the time of high-speed rotation to suppress wear.
- the second dynamic pressure generation sucks the sealed fluid that has flowed from the space on the sealed fluid side between the sliding surfaces, it prevents the sealed fluid from leaking into the space on the leak side from between the pair of sliding parts. can.
- the second dynamic pressure generating groove may communicate with the space on the sealed fluid side. According to this, it is easy to introduce the sealed fluid into the second dynamic pressure generation groove, and the positive pressure can be generated at an early stage.
- An annular land portion that is continuous in the circumferential direction and has a width equal to or larger than a predetermined value in the radial direction may be provided between the end of the first dynamic pressure generation groove and the end of the second dynamic pressure generation groove. According to this, when the sliding surfaces are separated from each other by the second force generated by the positive pressure generated in the second dynamic pressure generation groove, the sealed fluid between the sliding surfaces flows into the space on the leak side by the land portion. Can be suppressed. In addition, it is possible to suppress leakage of the sealed fluid into the space on the leak side when the pair of sliding parts are not rotated relative to each other.
- the radial center of the land portion may be arranged closer to the sealed fluid side than the radial center of the sliding surface. According to this, since the land portion is arranged closer to the sealed fluid side in the radial direction on the sliding surface, a plurality of first dynamic pressure generations that can secure a long extension distance of the first dynamic pressure generation groove can be secured. Since the first dynamic pressure generating groove is the main dynamic pressure generating groove rather than the second dynamic pressure generating groove, such that many grooves can be arranged side by side, it is possible to suppress leakage of the sealed fluid into the space on the leakage side.
- a wall portion extending from the bottom surface toward the sliding surface may be formed. According to this, since the sealed fluid is concentrated on the wall portion at the end of the second dynamic pressure generating groove during the relative rotation of the sliding component, positive pressure can be reliably generated near the end.
- the second dynamic pressure generating groove may have a shorter extension distance than the first dynamic pressure generating groove. According to this, a high positive pressure can be generated in the first dynamic pressure generating groove when the pair of sliding parts rotate at a relative high speed, and a positive pressure is generated early in the second dynamic pressure generating groove when the pair of sliding parts rotate at a relatively low speed. Can be made to.
- the second dynamic pressure generating groove may extend from the sealed fluid side toward the leak side in a circumferential direction. According to this, it is easy to introduce the sealed fluid into the second dynamic pressure generating groove at the time of relative rotation of the pair of sliding parts, and the positive pressure can be generated at an early stage.
- the first dynamic pressure generating groove extends in a circumferential direction from the leak side toward the sealed fluid side, and the second dynamic pressure generating groove is along the circumferential direction with respect to the first dynamic pressure generating groove. It may be inclined to. According to this, when the relative rotation of the sliding component is started, the sealed fluid can be easily introduced into the second dynamic pressure generating groove, so that the positive pressure can be generated at an early stage in the second dynamic pressure generating groove.
- the second dynamic pressure generating groove may be arranged on the outer diameter side of the sliding surface. According to this, since the second dynamic pressure generating groove is arranged at a position where the peripheral speed of the relative rotation of the sliding component is high, the sealed fluid is applied to the second dynamic pressure generating groove at the start of the relative rotation of the sliding component. Easy to introduce.
- the sealed fluid may be a gas or a liquid, or may be a mist in which a liquid and a gas are mixed.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows typically the 1st dynamic pressure generation groove and the 2nd dynamic pressure generation groove. It is explanatory drawing which saw the movement of the fluid of the 1st dynamic pressure generation groove and the 2nd dynamic pressure generation groove from the axial direction.
- (A) to (c) are cross-sectional views schematically showing the distance between the sliding surfaces at each relative rotation speed of the pair of sliding parts.
- the sliding parts according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7.
- a mode in which the sliding component is a mechanical seal will be described as an example.
- the sealed fluid exists in the outer space of the mechanical seal, and the atmosphere exists in the inner space.
- the outer diameter side of the sliding parts constituting the mechanical seal is the sealed fluid side (high pressure side), and the inner diameter side is the inner diameter side. This will be described as the leak side (low pressure side).
- dots may be added to the grooves and the like formed on the sliding surface in the drawings.
- the mechanical seal for general industrial machinery shown in FIG. 1 is an inside type that seals the sealed fluid F that tends to leak from the outer diameter side to the inner diameter side of the sliding surface and allows the inner space S1 to communicate with the atmosphere A.
- the sealed fluid F is a high-pressure liquid and the atmosphere A is a gas having a lower pressure than the sealed fluid F is illustrated.
- the mechanical seal includes a rotary seal ring 20 as another annular sliding component provided on the rotary shaft 1 so as to be integrally rotatable with the rotary shaft 1 via a sleeve 2, and a housing 4 of the attached device.
- the seal cover 5 fixed to the seal cover 5 is mainly composed of an annular static sealing ring 10 as a sliding component provided in a non-rotating state and in a state of being movable in the axial direction, and the static sealing ring 10 is formed by a bellows 7.
- the sliding surface 21 of the rotary sealing ring 20 is a flat surface, and the flat surface is not provided with a recess such as a groove.
- the static sealing ring 10 and the rotary sealing ring 20 are typically formed of SiC (hard material) or a combination of SiC (hard material) and carbon (soft material), but the sliding material is not limited to this. It can be applied as long as it is used as a sliding material for mechanical seals.
- the SiC includes a sintered body using boron, aluminum, carbon and the like as a sintering aid, and materials composed of two or more types of phases having different components and compositions, for example, SiC and SiC in which graphite particles are dispersed.
- carbon in which carbon and graphite are mixed.
- metal materials, resin materials, surface modification materials (coating materials), composite materials and the like can also be applied.
- the rotary sealing ring 20 slides relative to the static sealing ring 10 counterclockwise as shown by an arrow, and the sliding surface of the static sealing ring 10 In 11, a plurality of (20 in Example 1) first dynamic pressure generating grooves 14 are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction on the inner diameter side, and a plurality of (20 in Example 1) second dynamic pressure grooves 14 are arranged on the outer diameter side.
- the dynamic pressure generating grooves 9 are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction.
- the portion of the sliding surface 11 other than the first dynamic pressure generating groove 14 and the second dynamic pressure generating groove 9 is a land 12 forming a flat surface.
- the land 12 has a first radial distance from a portion between the first dynamic pressure generating grooves 14 adjacent in the circumferential direction and a portion between the second dynamic pressure generating grooves 9 adjacent in the circumferential direction. It has an annular land portion 12a between the dynamic pressure generating groove 14 and the second dynamic pressure generating groove 9, and each of these portions is a surface of the land 12 on the sliding surface 11 side (hereinafter, a flat surface of the land 12). It is also called) and is arranged in the same plane.
- the annular land portion 12a will be described in detail later.
- the first dynamic pressure generating groove 14 is a circle with an inner diameter side end, that is, a relative rotation start end 14A communicating with the inner space S1 and inclining from the start end 14A toward the outer diameter side toward the rotation end side of the rotary sealing ring 20. It extends in an arc shape, and the end portion on the outer diameter side, that is, the relative rotation end 14B is closed by the wall portion 14b so as not to communicate with the outer space S2.
- the first dynamic pressure generating groove 14 has an arc shape having a protrusion toward the outer diameter side.
- the first dynamic pressure generating groove 14 is flat from the start end 14A to the end 14B and parallel to the flat surface of the land 12, and from the edge of the end 14B of the bottom surface 14a to the sliding surface 11. It is composed of a wall portion 14b extending vertically toward the wall and side wall portions 14c and 14d extending vertically from both side edges of the bottom surface 14a toward the sliding surface 11.
- the angle formed by the wall portion 14b and the side wall portion 14c is an obtuse angle
- the angle formed by the wall portion 14b and the side wall portion 14d is an acute angle
- the acute angle portion 14f on the side wall portion 14d side of the wall portion 14b is the wall. It is located on the rotation end side of the rotary sealing ring 20 with respect to the obtuse angle portion 14e on the side wall portion 14c side of the portion 14b.
- the first dynamic pressure generating grooves 14 are arranged so that a plurality of (six in the first embodiment) first dynamic pressure generating grooves 14 are superposed in the radial direction when viewed from the axial direction.
- the end portion on the outer diameter side that is, the relative rotation start end 9A communicates with the outer space S2, and is inclined from the start end 9A toward the inner diameter side toward the rotation end side of the rotary sealing ring 20.
- it extends in an arc shape, and the end portion on the inner diameter side, that is, the relative rotation end 9B is closed by the wall portion 9b so as not to communicate with the inner space S1.
- the second dynamic pressure generating groove 9 has an arc shape having a protrusion toward the outer diameter side.
- the second dynamic pressure generating groove 9 is flat from the start end 9A to the end 9B and parallel to the flat surface of the land 12, and from the edge of the end 9B of the bottom surface 9a to the sliding surface 11. It is composed of a wall portion 9b extending vertically toward the wall and side wall portions 9c and 9d extending vertically from both side edges of the bottom surface 9a toward the sliding surface 11.
- the angle formed by the wall portion 9b and the side wall portion 9c is an obtuse angle
- the angle formed by the wall portion 9b and the side wall portion 9d is an acute angle
- the acute angle portion 9f on the side wall portion 9d side of the wall portion 9b is the wall. It is located on the rotation end side of the rotary sealing ring 20 with respect to the obtuse angle portion 9e on the side wall portion 9c side of the portion 9b.
- These second dynamic pressure generating grooves 9 are arranged so that adjacent second dynamic pressure generating grooves 9 overlap in the radial direction when viewed from the axial direction.
- the end 9B of the second dynamic pressure generating groove 9 is arranged so as to be separated from the end 14B of the first dynamic pressure generating groove 14 on the outer diameter side. That is, between the end 14B of the first dynamic pressure generation groove 14 and the end 9B of the second dynamic pressure generation groove 9, an annular land portion 12a as a land portion that is continuous in the circumferential direction and has a constant width in the radial direction is provided. It is provided.
- the length from the start end 9A to the end 9B of the second dynamic pressure generation groove 9, that is, the extending distance of the second dynamic pressure generation groove 9, is the length from the start end 9A to the end 9B of the first dynamic pressure generation groove 14. That is, it is shorter than the extending distance of the first dynamic pressure generating groove 14.
- the second dynamic pressure generating groove 9 is inclined along the circumferential direction as compared with the first dynamic pressure generating groove 14.
- the radial center of the annular land portion 12a is provided closer to the outer diameter side than the radial center of the sliding surface 11.
- the first dynamic pressure generating groove 14 has a constant depth D1 from the start end 14A to the end end 14B.
- the depth D1 of this example is 10 ⁇ m.
- the second dynamic pressure generation groove 9 has a constant depth D2 from the start end 9A to the end 9B.
- the depth D2 of this example is 0.5 ⁇ m.
- the depth D2 of the second dynamic pressure generating groove 9 is shallower than the depth D1 of the first dynamic pressure generating groove 14 (D2 ⁇ D1), preferably the depth D2 is 1/2 to 1/20 of the depth D1. It should be doubled.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view assuming a state in which the first dynamic pressure generating groove 14 of Article 1 and the second dynamic pressure generating groove 9 of Article 1 are cut in the longitudinal direction, respectively.
- the sealed fluid F in the second dynamic pressure generating groove 9 is shown in FIGS. 6 and 7A.
- the sealed fluid F in the outer space S2 is drawn into the second dynamic pressure generating groove 9. That is, in the second dynamic pressure generation groove 9, the sealed fluid F moves from the start end 9A toward the end 9B as shown by an arrow H1.
- the flow of the sealed fluid F and the atmosphere A in FIG. 6 is shown schematically without specifying the relative rotational speed of the rotary sealing ring 20.
- the pressure of the sealed fluid F that has moved toward the end 9B is increased at the acute angle portion 9f of the wall portion 9b of the second dynamic pressure generating groove 9 and its vicinity. That is, a positive pressure is generated at the acute angle portion 9f and its vicinity.
- the depth D2 of the second dynamic pressure generating groove 9 is shallow, the rotational speed of the rotary sealing ring 20 is low, and even if the amount of movement of the sealed fluid F is small, the sharp angle portion of the wall portion 9b of the second dynamic pressure generating groove 9 Positive pressure is generated at 9f and its vicinity.
- the sliding surfaces 11 and 21 are slightly separated by the second force F2 due to the positive pressure generated at the acute angle portion 9f and its vicinity.
- the sealed fluid F in the second dynamic pressure generating groove 9 shown by the arrow H2 mainly flows between the sliding surfaces 11 and 21.
- the atmosphere A is the first at the relative rotation low speed between the rotary sealing ring 20 and the static sealing ring 10. 2
- the dynamic pressure generating groove 9 is not sufficiently dense and a high positive pressure is not generated, and the first force F1 due to the positive pressure generated by the first dynamic pressure generating groove 14 (not shown in FIG. 7A). ) Is relatively smaller than the second force F2. Therefore, when the rotary sealing ring 20 is rotated at a low speed, the second force F2 is the main component to separate the sliding surfaces 11 and 21 from each other.
- the pressure of the atmosphere A that has moved toward the end 14B is increased at the acute angle portion 14f of the wall portion 14b of the first dynamic pressure generation groove 14 and its vicinity. That is, a positive pressure is generated at the acute angle portion 14f and its vicinity.
- the first force F1 due to the positive pressure generated at the acute angle portion 14f and its vicinity is applied, and the sliding surfaces 11 and 21 are further separated from each other as compared with FIG. 7A.
- the atmosphere A in the first dynamic pressure generation groove 14 shown by the arrow L2 mainly flows in between the sliding surfaces 11 and 21.
- the atmosphere A in the first dynamic pressure generating groove 14 shown by the arrow L2 acts to push the sealed fluid F near the end 14B of the first dynamic pressure generating groove 14 back to the outer space S2 side, so that the first dynamic pressure is generated.
- the amount of the sealed fluid F that leaks into the generation groove 14 or the inner space S1 is small.
- the sealed fluid F in the second dynamic pressure generating groove 9 can easily escape between the sliding surfaces 11 and 21. Therefore, the second force F2'is smaller than that in FIG. 7A.
- the sealed fluid F around the portion other than the acute-angled portion 14f of the first dynamic pressure generating groove 14 generates the first dynamic pressure as shown by the arrow H3 due to the negative pressure generated in the first dynamic pressure generating groove 14. It is sucked into the groove 14, and the tendency is remarkable near the starting end 14A.
- the sealed fluid F sucked into the first dynamic pressure generating groove 14 is returned between the sliding surfaces 11 and 21 from the end 14B of the first dynamic pressure generating groove 14.
- the sealed fluid F in the vicinity of the acute-angled portion 14f of the first dynamic pressure generating groove 14 has a high pressure as described above, as shown by the arrow H4, the first dynamic pressure stays at the land 12. It hardly enters the pressure generating groove 14.
- the rotary sealing ring 20 is provided with respect to a certain first dynamic pressure generating groove 14.
- the sealed fluid F moved from the sharp corner portion 14f of another first dynamic pressure generating groove 14 adjacent to the rotation start end side to the land 12 is sucked by the negative pressure generated in the first dynamic pressure generating groove 14, and the sealed fluid F is sucked. Can be prevented from leaking into the inner space S1.
- the amount of the sealed fluid F that leaks into the pressure generating groove 14 or the inner space S1 is small.
- the sealed fluid F in the second dynamic pressure generating groove 9 easily escapes between the sliding surfaces 11 and 21, and the second dynamic pressure is generated.
- the positive pressure generated in the generation groove 9 becomes negligibly small. Therefore, when the rotary sealing ring 20 is rotated at high speed, the first force F1 is the main force to separate the sliding surfaces 11 and 21 from each other.
- the second dynamic pressure generating groove 9 since the depth D2 of the second dynamic pressure generating groove 9 is shallower than the depth D1 of the first dynamic pressure generating groove 14, when the relative rotation speed of the rotary sealing ring 20 is low, the second dynamic pressure generating groove In 9, the second force F2 due to the positive pressure generated by the sealed fluid F is the main component, and the sliding surfaces 11 and 21 are separated from each other, and as the relative rotational speed of the rotary sealing ring 20 increases, the first When the first force F1 due to the positive pressure generated by the atmosphere A rapidly increases in the dynamic pressure generation groove 14 and the relative rotation speed of the rotary sealing ring 20 becomes sufficiently high, the first force F1 becomes larger than the second force F2. Therefore, the sliding surfaces 11 and 21 are separated from each other mainly by the first force F1, and the sliding surfaces of the static sealing ring 10 and the rotating sealing ring 20 are relatively rotated from low speed to high speed. It is possible to suppress wear between 11 and 21.
- the gap formed between the sliding surfaces 11 and 21 becomes large, so that positive pressure is less likely to be generated in the second dynamic pressure generation groove 9, and the first dynamic pressure is generated.
- the first force F1 due to the positive pressure generated in the groove 14 is the main component, and the sliding surfaces 11 and 21 can be stably separated from each other. Therefore, the sliding surfaces 11 and 21 can be separated from each other from the start of relative rotation of the static sealing ring 10 and the rotary sealing ring 20 to the time of high-speed rotation to suppress wear.
- the second dynamic pressure generating groove 9 communicates with the outer space S2, it is easy to introduce the sealed fluid F into the second dynamic pressure generating groove 9, and the positive pressure can be generated at an early stage.
- annular land portion 12a which is continuous in the circumferential direction and has a constant width in the radial direction is provided. Therefore, when the sliding surfaces 11 and 21 are separated from each other by the second force F2 generated by the positive pressure generated in the second dynamic pressure generation groove 9, the sealed fluid between the sliding surfaces 11 and 21 is provided by the annular land portion 12a. It is possible to suppress the flow of F into the inner space S1. Further, it is possible to suppress leakage of the sealed fluid F into the inner space S1 when the static sealing ring 10 and the rotary sealing ring 20 are not rotated relative to each other.
- the extension distance of the first dynamic pressure generating groove 14 is secured long. Since the first dynamic pressure generating groove 14 becomes the main dynamic pressure generating source more than the second dynamic pressure generating groove 9, such that a large number of the plurality of first dynamic pressure generating grooves 14 can be arranged side by side, the inner space of the sealed fluid F Leakage to S1 can be suppressed.
- the radial center of the annular land portion 12a is the radial position obtained by adding the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the annular land portion 12a and dividing by 2, and the radial center of the sliding surface 11 is the sliding surface 11. This is the radial position obtained by adding the outer diameter and the inner diameter and dividing by 2.
- the depth of the second dynamic pressure generating groove 9 is set to such a dimension that the influence of the positive pressure generated in the second dynamic pressure generating groove 9 at the time of high-speed rotation of the rotary sealing ring 20 can be surely reduced.
- the first force F1 due to the positive pressure generated in the first dynamic pressure generation groove 14 can surely separate the sliding surfaces 11 and 21.
- the wall portion 9b extending from the bottom surface 9a toward the sliding surface 11 is formed at the end 9B of the second dynamic pressure generating groove 9, the relative rotation of the static sealing ring 10 and the rotary sealing ring 20 Since the sealed fluid F is sometimes concentrated on the acute-angled portion 9f of the wall portion 9b of the end 9B of the second dynamic pressure generation groove 9, it is possible to reliably generate a positive pressure in the vicinity of the end 9B.
- the second dynamic pressure generation groove 9 has a shorter extension distance than the first dynamic pressure generation groove 14, the first dynamic pressure generation groove 14 is rotated at a relative high speed between the static sealing ring 10 and the rotary sealing ring 20. It is possible to generate a high positive pressure in the second dynamic pressure generating groove 9 at a relatively low rotation speed, and it is possible to generate a positive pressure at an early stage.
- the second dynamic pressure generating groove 9 extends from the start end 9A toward the inner diameter side so as to be inclined toward the rotation end side of the rotary sealing ring 20, when the static sealing ring 10 and the rotary sealing ring 20 rotate relative to each other, the second dynamic pressure generating groove 9 extends.
- the sealed fluid F can be easily introduced into the second dynamic pressure generation groove 9, and positive pressure can be generated at an early stage.
- first dynamic pressure generation groove 14 extends from the start end 14A toward the outer diameter toward the rotation end side of the rotary sealing ring 20, and the second dynamic pressure generation groove 9 extends from the first dynamic pressure generation groove 14. Since it is inclined along the circumferential direction, it becomes easy to introduce the sealed fluid F into the second dynamic pressure generating groove 9 at the start of relative rotation between the static sealing ring 10 and the rotary sealing ring 20, so that the second motion Positive pressure can be generated at an early stage in the pressure generation groove 9.
- the second dynamic pressure generating groove 9 is arranged on the outer diameter side of the sliding surface 11, the second dynamic pressure generating groove 9 is arranged at a position where the peripheral speed of relative rotation of the rotary sealing ring 20 is high. Therefore, it is easy to introduce the sealed fluid F into the second dynamic pressure generating groove 9 at the start of relative rotation between the static sealing ring 10 and the rotary sealing ring 20.
- the end 14B of the first dynamic pressure generating groove 14 and the end 9B of the second dynamic pressure generating groove 9 are arranged so as not to overlap in the radial direction, and the ends 14B and the end 9B are separated from each other. Therefore, it becomes difficult for the sealed fluid F, which generates positive pressure near the end 9B of the second dynamic pressure generating groove 9 and moves between the sliding surfaces 11 and 21, to flow into the second dynamic pressure generating groove 9. Therefore, the sealed fluid F is less likely to leak into the inner space S1. Further, the first force F1 of the first dynamic pressure generating groove 14 and the second force F2 of the second dynamic pressure generating groove 9 are generated at positions where they do not overlap in the radial direction, so that the sliding surfaces 11 and 21 are balanced. It can be separated by applying force well.
- depth D1 and the depth D2 are not limited to the embodiment of the first embodiment, and may be freely changed as long as the depth D2 is formed shallower than the depth D1.
- the bottom surface 140a of the first dynamic pressure generating groove 140 in the static sealing ring 100 of the second embodiment is inclined so that the axial dimension gradually decreases from the starting end 140A toward the ending 140B. There is.
- the depth D2 of the second dynamic pressure generating groove 9 is deeper than the depth near the end 140B of the first dynamic pressure generating groove 140, but the deepest part (deepest part) of the first dynamic pressure generating groove 140. Depth is shallower than D3 (D2 ⁇ D3).
- the second dynamic pressure is generated when the relative rotation speed of the rotary sealing ring 20 is low.
- the sliding surfaces 11 and 21 can be separated from each other mainly by the second force generated by the positive pressure generated by the sealed fluid F in the generation groove 9. Further, a positive pressure is likely to be generated near the end 140B of the first dynamic pressure generation groove 140.
- the bottom surface 240a of the first dynamic pressure generation groove 240 in the static sealing ring 101 of the third embodiment is formed in a stepped manner from the start end 240A to the end end 240B.
- a deep bottom surface 240c having a large axial dimension is provided on the start end 240A side of the bottom surface 240a, and a shaft is provided on the end 240B side of the bottom surface 240a.
- a shallow bottom surface 240d having a small directional dimension is provided.
- an intermediate wall portion 240e extending vertically from the edge of the deep bottom surface 240c toward the shallow bottom surface 240d is provided, and a wall portion 240b extending vertically from the edge of the shallow bottom surface 240d toward the sliding surface 11 is provided.
- the depth D2 of the second dynamic pressure generating groove 9 is the depth D4 of the first dynamic pressure generating groove 240 (specifically, the depth of the deepest part (deepest part) of the first dynamic pressure generating groove 240). Shallower than.
- the structure in which the bottom surface 240a of the first dynamic pressure generating groove 240 has two steps is described, the present invention is not limited to this, and three or more steps may be used.
- the second dynamic pressure generating groove 9 has a constant depth D2 from the start end 9A to the end point 9B, but the depth is not limited to this, and for example, from the start end to the end.
- the bottom surface may be inclined so that the depth gradually becomes shallower, or may be formed in a stepped shape or the like. That is, the depth of the deepest portion of the second dynamic pressure generating groove may be formed shallower than the depth of the deepest portion of the first dynamic pressure generating groove.
- the end 340B of the first dynamic pressure generation groove 340 in the static sealing ring 102 of the fourth embodiment overlaps the end 9B of the second dynamic pressure generation groove 9 in the radial direction.
- the first force of the first dynamic pressure generating groove 340 and the second force of the second dynamic pressure generating groove 9 are generated at a position where they overlap in the radial direction, so that the sliding surfaces 11 and 21 are overlapped with each other. Since it can be separated greatly in a short time, high lubricity between the sliding surfaces 11 and 21 can be quickly exhibited.
- the first dynamic pressure generating groove 440 in the static sealing ring 103 of the fifth embodiment extends so that the side wall portions 440c and 440d approach each other toward the end 440B, and the end 440B is tapered. doing. Further, in the second dynamic pressure generation groove 190, the side wall portions 190c and 190d extend toward the end 190B so as to approach each other, and the end 190B is tapered.
- the mechanical seal for general industrial machines has been described as an example as the sliding component, but other mechanical seals for automobiles, water pumps, etc. may be used.
- the present invention is not limited to the mechanical seal, and may be a sliding component other than the mechanical seal such as a slide bearing.
- first dynamic pressure generating groove and the second dynamic pressure generating groove are provided in the static sealing ring, but the first dynamic pressure generating groove and the second dynamic pressure generating groove are formed in the rotary sealing ring. It may be provided.
- the sealed fluid side has been described as the high pressure side and the leak side as the low pressure side, the sealed fluid side may be the low pressure side and the leak side may be the high pressure side, and the sealed fluid side and the leak side are abbreviated.
- the pressure may be the same.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and sliding is not limited to this. It may be an outside type that seals the sealed fluid F that leaks from the inner diameter side to the outer diameter side of the surface.
- first dynamic pressure generating grooves and second dynamic pressure generating grooves are provided on the sliding surface 11 of the static sealing ring 10, but the number is not limited to the same. good.
- the second dynamic pressure generating groove has a shorter extending distance than the first dynamic pressure generating groove, is inclined along the circumferential direction, and the radial center of the annular land portion 12a is from the radial center of the sliding surface 11. It was explained that the first dynamic pressure generating groove is provided closer to the outer diameter side, but the extension distance of the first dynamic pressure generating groove is shorter than that of the second dynamic pressure generating groove, or it is along the circumferential direction. It may be inclined to.
- the first dynamic pressure generating groove communicates with the inner space, it is not limited to this, and if the dynamic pressure can be generated, it does not have to communicate.
- the second dynamic pressure generating groove communicates with the outer space, it is not limited to this, and if the dynamic pressure can be generated, it does not have to communicate.
- annular land portion 12a is provided between the first dynamic pressure generating groove and the second dynamic pressure generating groove, and the first dynamic pressure generating groove and the second dynamic pressure generating groove are arranged apart in the radial direction.
- the present invention is not limited to this, for example, the end of the second dynamic pressure generating groove is arranged on the inner diameter side of the end of the first dynamic pressure generating groove, and the end of the first dynamic pressure generating groove and the second The end of the dynamic pressure generating groove may overlap in the circumferential direction.
- the sealed fluid F has been described as a high-pressure liquid, but the sealed fluid F is not limited to this, and may be a gas or a low-pressure liquid, or may be a mist in which a liquid and a gas are mixed.
- the fluid on the leak side is atmosphere A, which is a low-pressure gas, but the present invention is not limited to this, and it may be a liquid or a high-pressure gas, or a mist-like mixture of a liquid and a gas. It may be.
- the depth of the dynamic pressure generating groove is set to the depth of the deepest part, but the depth of the dynamic pressure generating groove is the depth of the portion that substantially contributes to the generation of positive pressure. good.
- Second dynamic pressure generation groove 10 Static sealing ring (sliding part) 11 Sliding surface 12a Circular land portion (land portion) 14 1st dynamic pressure generating groove 14a Bottom surface 14b Wall part 20 Rotating sealing ring (other sliding parts) 21 Sliding surface A Atmosphere D1, D2 Depth F Sealed fluid F1 First force F2 Second force S1 Inner space S2 Outer space Y Ascent distance
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Abstract
Description
回転機械の相対回転する箇所に配置され他の摺動部品と相対摺動する環状の摺動部品であって、
前記摺動部品の摺動面には、漏れ側に配置され終端を有し正圧を発生させる複数の第1動圧発生溝と、被密封流体側に配置され終端を有し正圧を発生させる複数の第2動圧発生溝と、が備えられており、
前記第2動圧発生溝の深さは、第1動圧発生溝の深さよりも浅い。
これによれば、第2動圧発生溝の深さは第1動圧発生溝の深さよりも浅いため、摺動部品の相対回転低速時には、第2動圧発生溝内で被密封流体により発生される正圧による第2力が主体となって摺動面同士が離間され、さらに摺動部品の相対回転速度が高くなるにつれ、第1動圧発生溝内で漏れ側流体により発生される正圧による第1力が急速に高まり、摺動部品の相対回転速度が充分に高くなると第1力は第2力よりも大きくなるため、第1力が主体となって摺動面同士が離間されるようになり、一対の摺動部品の相対回転低速時から高速時に亘って摺動面同士の摩耗を抑制することができる。また、摺動部品の相対回転高速時には、摺動面間に形成された隙間が大きくなることによって第2動圧発生溝内で正圧が生じにくくなり、第1動圧発生溝で発生する正圧による第1力が主体となって摺動面同士を安定して離間させることができる。よって、一対の摺動部品の相対回転開始時から高速回転時にかけて摺動面同士を離間させて摩耗を抑制することができる。また、第2動圧発生は、被密封流体側の空間から摺動面間に流入した被密封流体を吸い込むため、一対の摺動部品間から被密封流体が漏れ側の空間に漏れることを防止できる。
これによれば、第2動圧発生溝に被密封流体を導入しやすく、早期に正圧を発生させることができる。
これによれば、第2動圧発生溝で発生する正圧による第2力により摺動面同士が離間されたときに、ランド部により摺動面間の被密封流体が漏れ側の空間に流れることを抑制できる。また、一対の摺動部品が相対回転されない静止時の被密封流体の漏れ側の空間への漏れを抑えることができる。
これによれば、ランド部は摺動面において径方向被密封流体側に寄って配置されていることから、第1動圧発生溝の延在距離を長く確保できる、複数の第1動圧発生溝を多く並べて配置できる等第1動圧発生溝が第2動圧発生溝よりも主たる動圧発生源となるので、被密封流体の漏れ側の空間への漏れを抑えることができる。
これによれば、摺動部品の相対回転時に第2動圧発生溝の終端の壁部に被密封流体が集中するため、終端近傍で確実に正圧を発生させることができる。
これによれば、一対の摺動部品の相対高速回転時に第1動圧発生溝で高い正圧を発生させることができるとともに、相対低回転時に第2動圧発生溝で正圧を早期に発生させることができる。
これによれば、一対の摺動部品の相対回転時に第2動圧発生溝に被密封流体を導入しやすく、早期に正圧を発生させることができる。
これによれば、摺動部品の相対回転開始時では第2動圧発生溝に被密封流体を導入しやすくなるため第2動圧発生溝で早期に正圧を発生させることができる。
これによれば、第2動圧発生溝が摺動部品の相対回転の周速度の速い位置に配置されているため、摺動部品の相対回転開始時に第2動圧発生溝に被密封流体を導入しやすい。
10 静止密封環(摺動部品)
11 摺動面
12a 環状ランド部(ランド部)
14 第1動圧発生溝
14a 底面
14b 壁部
20 回転密封環(他の摺動部品)
21 摺動面
A 大気
D1,D2 深さ
F 被密封流体
F1 第1力
F2 第2力
S1 内空間
S2 外空間
Y 浮上距離
Claims (9)
- 回転機械の相対回転する箇所に配置され他の摺動部品と相対摺動する環状の摺動部品であって、
前記摺動部品の摺動面には、漏れ側に配置され終端を有し正圧を発生させる複数の第1動圧発生溝と、被密封流体側に配置され終端を有し正圧を発生させる複数の第2動圧発生溝と、が備えられており、
前記第2動圧発生溝の深さは、第1動圧発生溝の深さよりも浅い摺動部品。 - 前記第2動圧発生溝は、被密封流体側の空間に連通している請求項1に記載の摺動部品。
- 前記第1動圧発生溝の終端と前記第2動圧発生溝の終端との間には、周方向に連続し径方向所定以上の幅を有する環状のランド部が設けられている請求項1または2に記載の摺動部品。
- 前記ランド部の径方向中心は、前記摺動面の径方向中心よりも被密封流体側に寄って配置されている請求項3に記載の摺動部品。
- 前記第2動圧発生溝の終端には、底面から摺動面に向けて延びる壁部が形成されている請求項1ないし4のいずれかに記載の摺動部品。
- 前記第2動圧発生溝は、前記第1動圧発生溝と比べて延在距離が短い請求項1ないし5のいずれかに記載の摺動部品。
- 前記第2動圧発生溝は、被密封流体側から漏れ側に向けて周方向に傾斜して延びている請求項1ないし6のいずれかに記載の摺動部品。
- 前記第1動圧発生溝は、漏れ側から被密封流体側に向けて周方向に傾斜して延び、前記第2動圧発生溝は、前記第1動圧発生溝よりも周方向に沿うように傾斜している請求項7に記載の摺動部品。
- 前記第2動圧発生溝は、前記摺動面の外径側に配置されている請求項1ないし8のいずれかに記載の摺動部品。
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EP21777089.0A EP4130499A4 (en) | 2020-03-26 | 2021-03-24 | SLIDING ELEMENT |
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JP2022510612A JP7520470B2 (ja) | 2020-03-26 | 2021-03-24 | 摺動部品 |
KR1020227032878A KR102777185B1 (ko) | 2020-03-26 | 2021-03-24 | 슬라이딩 부품 |
US17/913,154 US12140179B2 (en) | 2020-03-26 | 2021-03-24 | Sliding component |
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US12140179B2 (en) | 2024-11-12 |
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