WO2018221026A1 - 光学装置、画像表示装置及び表示装置 - Google Patents
光学装置、画像表示装置及び表示装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018221026A1 WO2018221026A1 PCT/JP2018/015247 JP2018015247W WO2018221026A1 WO 2018221026 A1 WO2018221026 A1 WO 2018221026A1 JP 2018015247 W JP2018015247 W JP 2018015247W WO 2018221026 A1 WO2018221026 A1 WO 2018221026A1
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Classifications
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- G02B26/08—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
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- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0013—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide
- G02B6/0023—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed between the light guide and the light source, or around the light source
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Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to an optical device, an image display device provided with such an optical device, and a display device provided with such an image display device, more specifically, a head-mounted display (HMD, Head Mounted Display).
- the present invention relates to a display device used.
- HMD head-mounted display
- Various types of head-mounted displays have been studied, but a wide angle of display image is strongly demanded for providing more realistic images to the head-mounted display.
- a head-mounted display in which two deflecting means are arranged on a light guide plate constituting an optical device is known from, for example, FIG. 16 of JP-T-2005-521099.
- an input wave is coupled into the first LOE 20a by the first reflecting surface 16a and propagated along the ⁇ axis.
- the Selective reflective surface 22a couples light out of 20a, which is then coupled into second LOE 20b by second reflective surface 16b. This light is propagated along the ⁇ -axis and then coupled out of 20b by the selective reflection surface 22b.
- the technique disclosed in the above-mentioned patent publication has a problem that stray light is included in the light emitted from the first LOE 20a toward the second LOE 20b and only a low-quality image can be obtained.
- an object of the present disclosure is to provide an optical device that can provide a high-quality image, an image display device including the optical device, and a display device including the image display device.
- an optical device of the present disclosure is provided.
- a first light guide member comprising one deflection means, and A seventh surface, an eighth surface, a ninth surface facing the seventh surface, a tenth surface facing the eighth surface, an eleventh surface, and a twelfth surface facing the eleventh surface;
- a second light guide member comprising two deflection means, With The first surface and the third surface are parallel, The second surface and the fourth surface are parallel and orthogonal to the first surface and the third surface, The seventh surface and the ninth surface are parallel to the XY plane in the XYZ orthogonal coordinate system, The light incident from the fifth surface is totally reflected inside the first light guide member, is deflected by the first deflecting means, is emitted from the third surface, and is incident on the eighth surface disposed away from the third surface.
- the first deflecting means includes a plurality of first semi-transmissive layers spaced apart and arranged in parallel,
- the value of ⁇ is a value exceeding 0 degrees.
- the value of ⁇ is a value exceeding 0 degree.
- an image display apparatus includes an image forming apparatus and an optical apparatus, and the optical apparatus includes the optical apparatus of the present disclosure.
- the image display apparatus includes the image forming apparatus and the optical apparatus according to the present disclosure.
- a display device according to the first aspect or the second aspect of the present disclosure.
- the image display device includes an image forming device and an optical device,
- the optical device is composed of the above-described optical device of the present disclosure, or alternatively, the display device is A frame attached to the observer's head; and
- the image display apparatus includes an image forming apparatus and the above-described optical device of the present disclosure.
- optical device of the present disclosure an optical device constituting the image display device according to the first aspect to the second aspect of the present disclosure, or a display device according to the first aspect to the second aspect of the present disclosure
- the value of ⁇ is greater than 0 degrees
- the value of ⁇ is also 0 degrees.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically illustrating the arrangement of the first light guide member and the second light guide member in the optical device of Example 1 together with the behavior of light.
- 2A is a diagram schematically illustrating the arrangement of the first light guide member and the second light guide member in the optical device according to the first embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1, and FIG. 2B is a direction of a white arrow in FIG. 2A.
- 2C is a side view of the first light guide member and the second light guide member when the first light guide member and the second light guide member are viewed from FIG. 2C, and FIG. 2C is the first light guide from the direction of the black arrow in FIG. 2A.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing the arrangement of the first light guide member and the second light guide member when the optical device of Example 1 shown in FIG. 1 is applied to a binocular display device.
- 4A and 4B are diagrams schematically illustrating an arrangement state of the first light guide member and the second light guide member in the display devices according to the first and second embodiments.
- 5A, 5B, and 5C are diagrams for explaining how the formation of an image by stray light changes depending on the angle ⁇ .
- FIGS. 7A and 7B show the diagonal field value (unit: degree) of the effective visual field range emitted from the first light guide member when the angle ⁇ and the angle ⁇ are changed in the optical apparatus of the first embodiment. It is a figure which shows the result.
- FIGS. 7A and 7B show the diagonal field value (unit: degree) of the effective visual field range emitted from the first light guide member when the angle ⁇ and the angle ⁇ are changed in the optical apparatus of the first embodiment. It is a figure which shows the result.
- (A), (B), (C), (D), (E), and (F) of FIG. 8 show the refractive index n of the material constituting the first light guide member in the optical device of Example 1.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the display device of Example 1 as viewed from above.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the display device of Example 1 as viewed from the front.
- FIGS. 11A and 11D are schematic views of the display device of the first embodiment and a modified example viewed from the side, and
- FIGS. 11B and 11C are schematic cross-sectional views of the first light guide member and the like.
- 12A, 12B, and 12C are diagrams schematically illustrating a display device of the present disclosure or an image forming apparatus in the image display device.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the display device of Example 1 as viewed from above.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the display device of Example 1 as viewed from the front.
- FIGS. 11A and 11D are schematic views of the display device of the first embodiment and a modified example viewed from the side
- FIGS. 11B and 11C are schematic cross-sectional views of the first light guide member and the like.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram schematically showing the arrangement of the first light guide member and the second light guide member in the optical device of Example 2 together with the behavior of light, the image forming apparatus, and the observer.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram schematically illustrating the arrangement of the first light guide member and the second light guide member in the optical device according to the second embodiment illustrated in FIG. 13.
- FIG. 15A and FIG. 15B are diagrams for explaining the relationship between the first light guide member and the image unevenness constituting the optical devices of the third and first embodiments.
- FIG. 16 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light incident portion of a second light guide member that constitutes the optical device according to the third embodiment.
- 17A, 17B, and 17C are schematic perspective views of the first light guide member that constitutes the optical device of Example 3.
- FIG. 18A and 18B are a schematic diagram of a light incident surface of a first light guide member and a schematic diagram of image unevenness constituting the optical device of Example 1 and the optical device of Example 3, respectively.
- FIG. 19A and FIG. 19B are a schematic diagram of a light incident surface of a first light guide member and a schematic diagram of image unevenness constituting a modification of the optical device of Example 3.
- FIG. 20 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the light incident portion of the first light guide member that constitutes the optical device according to the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 21 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the light incident portion of the first light guide member that constitutes the optical device of Example 1.
- FIGS. 22A and 22B are diagrams illustrating the light emission state in each area in the first light guide member of the optical device of Example 5, and the relationship between the reflection angle and the light reflectance. .
- Example 1 Optical Device of Present Disclosure, Image Display Device According to First to Second Aspects of Present Disclosure, Display Device According to First to Second Aspects of Present Disclosure
- Example 2 Modification of Example 1 4).
- Example 3 Modification of Examples 1 and 2) 5).
- Example 4 Modification of Examples 1 to 3) 6).
- Example 5 Modification of Examples 1 to 4) 7).
- the first light guide member includes A semi-transmissive mirror film disposed parallel to the first surface and the third surface is disposed, or A semi-transmissive mirror film disposed parallel to the second surface and the fourth surface is disposed, or A semi-transparent mirror film disposed in parallel with the first surface and the third surface and a semi-transparent mirror film disposed in parallel with the second surface and the fourth surface may be disposed.
- the semi-transmissive mirror film disposed parallel to the first surface and the third surface inside the first light guide member is a part of a region located at the same distance from the first surface and the third surface. It can be set as the structure arrange
- the semi-transmissive mirror film disposed on the first light guide member in parallel with the first surface and the third surface is disposed in a partial region on the first surface or a partial region on the third surface. It can be set as the installed structure.
- the semi-transmissive mirror film disposed in the first light guide member in parallel with the second surface and the fourth surface is disposed in a part of the region located at the same distance from the second surface and the fourth surface. It can be set as the installed structure.
- the semi-transmissive mirror film disposed on the first light guide member in parallel with the second surface and the fourth surface is arranged in a partial region on the second surface or a partial region on the fourth surface. It can be set as the installed structure.
- the semi-transmissive mirror film By arranging the semi-transmissive mirror film on the first light guide member, it is possible to prevent unevenness (brightness or darkness) from occurring in the image emitted from the third surface of the first light guide member. be able to.
- the semi-transmissive mirror film is disposed in a part of the region on the first surface or a part of the region on the third surface, or alternatively, a part of the region on the second surface or the one on the fourth surface.
- the protective member is disposed in the region, it is preferable that a protective member is disposed on the surface of the semi-transmissive mirror film that is not in contact with the first light guide member. What is necessary is just to select a protection member suitably from the material which comprises the light guide member mentioned later.
- first surface, the second surface, the third surface, and the fourth surface of the first light guide member regardless of whether the semi-transmissive mirror film is disposed or not disposed. It is preferable that at least one surface of the entire surface is covered with a protective member.
- the second light guide member has a configuration in which a semi-transmissive mirror film disposed in parallel with the seventh surface and the ninth surface is disposed. can do.
- the semi-transmissive mirror film disposed parallel to the seventh surface and the ninth surface inside the second light guide member is a part of the region located at the same distance from the seventh surface and the ninth surface.
- the semi-transparent mirror film disposed on the second light guide member in parallel with the seventh surface and the ninth surface is a part of the seventh surface. It can be set as the structure arrange
- the semi-transmissive mirror film is disposed in a partial area on the seventh surface or a partial area on the ninth surface, the semi-transmissive mirror film is protected on the surface of the semi-transmissive mirror film that is not in contact with the second light guide member. It is preferable that a member is provided. What is necessary is just to select a protection member suitably from the material which comprises the light guide member mentioned later. Even if the semi-transparent mirror film is provided or not provided, at least one of the seventh surface and the ninth surface of the second light guide member, the entire surface It is preferable that it is covered with a protective member.
- the cross-sectional area of the light incident on the fifth surface is enlarged near the fifth surface.
- the second light guide is provided.
- the member may have a configuration in which a second cross-sectional area / enlargement portion for enlarging a cross-sectional area of light incident on the eighth surface is disposed in the vicinity of the eighth surface.
- the width of the light beam incident on the first light guide member can be increased, and the width of the light beam incident on the second light guide member can be increased.
- the cross-sectional area / enlarged portion is configured by incorporating a prism member in the vicinity of the light incident portion (fifth surface) of the first light guide member and the light incident portion (eighth surface) of the second light guide member.
- it can be formed by processing the light incident portion (fifth surface) of the first light guide member and the light incident portion (eighth surface) of the second light guide member into a prism shape.
- the cross-sectional area / enlarged portion is composed of the fifth surface of the prism-shaped first light guide member
- the second cross-sectional area / enlarged portion is composed of the eighth surface of the prism-shaped second light guide member. It can be.
- the value of the tilt angle of the light incident surface of the cross-sectional area / enlarged portion is the tilt angle (YZ of the fifth surface of the first light guide member).
- the angle formed by the plane and the fifth surface may be smaller (or different from the value of the inclination angle of the fifth surface of the first light guide member), and the second cross-sectional area / enlarged portion
- the angle of inclination of the light incident surface is the angle of inclination of the eighth surface of the second light guide member (the XZ plane and the eighth surface).
- the angle can be different (or smaller than the value of the inclination angle of the eighth surface of the second light guide member).
- the light emitted from the central portion of the image forming apparatus is perpendicular to the fifth surface of the first light guide member (if the cross-sectional area / enlarged portion is provided, the light incident surface of the cross-sectional area / enlarged portion) (Perpendicular to).
- light emitted from the central portion of the image forming apparatus is guided in the first light guide member, emitted from the third surface of the first light guide member, and perpendicular to the eighth surface of the second light guide member.
- the second cross-sectional area / enlarged portion it is preferable that the light be incident perpendicularly to the light incident surface of the second cross-sectional area / enlarged portion).
- the second deflection unit has a configuration in which a plurality of second semi-transmissive layers are spaced apart and arranged in parallel.
- the first semi-transmissive layer may be made of a dielectric multilayer film
- the second semi-transmissive layer may be made of a dielectric multilayer film.
- the plurality of first semi-transmissive layers constituting the first deflecting unit are located far from the fifth surface.
- the first semi-transmissive layer that has a higher light reflectance (lower light transmittance) than the first semi-transmissive layer located near the fifth surface can be used. And by setting it as such a form, the uniformity of the brightness of the image radiate
- the second semi-transmissive layer located far from the eighth surface is the second semi-transmissive layer located near the eighth surface.
- the first semi-transmissive layer has an angle (reflection angle) formed between the normal line of the first semi-transmissive layer and the light beam reflected by the first semi-transmissive layer, depending on the distance from the fifth surface.
- the relationship with the light reflectance can be defined, and the second deflecting unit is formed by arranging a plurality of second semi-transmissive layers apart from each other in parallel.
- the relationship between the normal line of the second semi-transmissive layer and the angle (reflection angle) between the light beam reflected by the second semi-transmissive layer and the light reflectance is defined. It can be set as a form.
- the invention is not limited. 20 (degrees) ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 30 (degrees) 55 (degrees) ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 65 (degrees) Is preferably satisfied.
- the third surface and the eighth surface can be configured to be parallel.
- An air layer may be present between the third surface and the eighth surface, or the third surface and the eighth surface may be bonded using an adhesive.
- the first light guide member is arranged such that light propagating in the first light guide member is totally reflected at the interface between the third surface and the adhesive.
- the refractive index value of the material constituting the adhesive is required to be smaller than the refractive index value of the constituting material.
- the first and third surfaces of the first light guide member may intersect with the XZ plane at an angle of 0 degrees, and the second and fourth surfaces may intersect with the XY plane at an angle of 0 degrees.
- the third surface and the XZ plane may intersect at an angle ( ⁇ ) other than 0 degrees, and the second and fourth surfaces and the XY plane may intersect at an angle ( ⁇ ) other than 0 degrees.
- the parallel light propagated through the first light guide member by total reflection is reflected (or diffracted) a plurality of times, and the first light guide member is reflected.
- the light is emitted from the optical member in a parallel light state.
- the parallel light propagated through the second light guide member by total reflection is reflected (or diffracted) a plurality of times and emitted from the second light guide member in the state of parallel light.
- the first light guide member and the second light guide member are fixed to the support member with a gap therebetween. That is, a space is provided between the light guide member and the support member 31.
- the outer shape of the first light guide member include a rod shape (specifically, a cross-sectional shape when the first light guide member is cut in a virtual plane orthogonal to the axis of the first light guide member is rectangular).
- the outer shape of the second light guide member may be a flat plate (the normal direction of the total reflection surface is the thickness direction).
- the refractive index of the material constituting the first light guide member and the second light guide member is 1.5 or more, preferably 1.6 or more.
- the material having a refractive index of 1.5 or more include BK7, polycarbonate resin, amorphous polypropylene resin, and styrene resin including AS resin, and acrylic as a material having a refractive index of 1.6 or more. Examples of such resins are listed below. An acrylic resin having a refractive index of 1.6 or less is also available.
- the first semi-transmissive layer and the second semi-transmissive layer can be composed of a dielectric multilayer film, a half mirror, a polarization beam splitter, and a hologram diffraction grating film.
- a dielectric multilayer film for example, Si, Mg, Al, Hf, Nb, Zr, Sc, Ta can be used as the dielectric material constituting the dielectric multilayer film.
- Ga, Zn, Y, B, Ti and other oxides, nitrides (for example, AlN, AlGaN, GaN, BN, etc.), fluorides, and the like can be given.
- a dielectric multilayer film can be obtained by alternately laminating two or more kinds of dielectric films made of dielectric materials having different refractive indexes among these dielectric materials.
- SiO 2 / SiN is SiO 2 / Nb 2 O 5, SiO 2 / TiO 2, SiO 2 / ZrO 2, SiO 2 / AlN , etc. multilayer preferred.
- each dielectric film In order to obtain a desired light transmittance (light reflectance), the material constituting each dielectric film, the film thickness, the number of stacked layers, the number of layers of the multilayer film, and the like may be appropriately selected.
- the thickness of each dielectric film can be adjusted as appropriate depending on the material used, and is determined by the wavelength ⁇ of the incident light and the refractive index n 0 at the wavelength ⁇ of the material used. Specifically, an odd multiple of ⁇ / (4n 0 ) is preferable.
- the number of stacked layers is 2 or more, preferably about 5 to 20.
- the semi-transmissive mirror film may also be composed of the dielectric multilayer film described above.
- the optical device is a transflective type (see-through type). Specifically, at least a portion of the optical device (second light guide member) facing the observer's eyeball (pupil) is made semi-transmissive (see-through), and an outside scene can be viewed through this portion of the optical device.
- the term “semi-transmissive” does not mean that half (50%) of the incident light is transmitted or reflected, but a part of the incident light is transmitted and the rest is reflected. Used to mean. “Semi-transmissive” in the semi-transmissive layer and the semi-transmissive mirror film is also used in the same meaning.
- the image display device or the display device of the present disclosure can perform single color (for example, green) image display or color image display.
- the image forming device may have a plurality of pixels arranged in a two-dimensional matrix. . Note that such a configuration of the image forming apparatus is referred to as a “first image forming apparatus” for convenience.
- an image forming apparatus having the first configuration for example, an image forming apparatus including a reflective spatial light modulator and a light source; an image forming apparatus including a transmissive spatial light modulator and a light source; an organic EL (Electro-Luminescence) element And an image forming apparatus composed of a light emitting element such as an inorganic EL element, a light emitting diode (LED), a semiconductor laser element, etc., among others, an image forming apparatus composed of a reflective spatial light modulator and a light source, Or it is preferable to set it as the image forming apparatus comprised from the organic EL element.
- the spatial light modulator examples include a light valve, for example, a transmissive or reflective liquid crystal display device such as LCOS (Liquid Crystal On On Silicon), a digital micromirror device (DMD), and a light emitting element as a light source. be able to.
- the reflective spatial light modulator reflects a part of light from the liquid crystal display device and the light source to the liquid crystal display device, and passes a part of the light reflected by the liquid crystal display device.
- a polarization beam splitter that leads to the optical system can be used.
- Examples of the light emitting element that constitutes the light source include a red light emitting element, a green light emitting element, a blue light emitting element, and a white light emitting element, or red light emitted from the red light emitting element, the green light emitting element, and the blue light emitting element.
- white light may be obtained by mixing green light and blue light with a light pipe and performing luminance uniformity.
- Examples of the light emitting element include a semiconductor laser element, a solid state laser, and an LED.
- the number of pixels may be determined based on specifications required for the image display device. Specific values of the number of pixels are 320 ⁇ 240, 432 ⁇ 240, 640 ⁇ 480, 1024 ⁇ 768, 1920 ⁇ 1080, and the like. Can be illustrated.
- the image forming device includes a light source and a scanning unit that scans the parallel light emitted from the light source. It can be set as the provided form. Note that such a configuration of the image forming apparatus is referred to as a “second configuration image forming apparatus” for convenience.
- Examples of the light source in the image forming apparatus having the second configuration include a light emitting element, and specifically include a red light emitting element, a green light emitting element, a blue light emitting element, and a white light emitting element, or a red light emitting element.
- White light may be obtained by mixing red light, green light, and blue light emitted from the element, the green light emitting element, and the blue light emitting element by using a light pipe and performing luminance equalization.
- Examples of the light emitting element include a semiconductor laser element, a solid state laser, and an LED.
- the number of pixels (virtual pixels) in the image forming apparatus having the second configuration may be determined based on specifications required for the image display apparatus.
- the number of pixels 320 ⁇ 240, 432 ⁇ 240, 640 ⁇ 480, 1024 ⁇ 768, 1920 ⁇ 1080 and the like can be exemplified.
- the scanning unit include a MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical Systems) or a galvano mirror that performs micro scanning that can rotate in a two-dimensional direction.
- an optical system which is an optical system that converts the emitted light from the image forming apparatus into parallel light, may be referred to as a “parallel light emitting optical system”, Specifically, for example, a plurality of parallel light beams are incident on the first light guide member by a collimating optical system or a relay optical system). This is based on the fact that the light wavefront information when the light enters the first light guide member needs to be preserved even after being emitted from the second light guide member via the first deflecting means and the second deflecting means. .
- the light emitting part of the image forming apparatus may be positioned at the position (position) of the focal length in the parallel light emitting optical system, for example. .
- the parallel light emission optical system has a function of converting pixel position information into angle information in the optical system of the optical device.
- an optical system having a positive optical power as a whole which is a single lens or a combination of a convex lens, a concave lens, a free-form surface prism, and a hologram lens, can be exemplified.
- a light blocking portion having an opening is disposed between the parallel light emitting optical system and the first light guide member so that undesired light is emitted from the parallel light emitting optical system and does not enter the first light guide member. May be. Also, an opening is provided between the first light guide member and the second light guide member so that undesired light from the light emitted from the first light guide member does not enter the second light guide member.
- the frame may include a front portion disposed in front of the observer and two temple portions that are rotatably attached to both ends of the front portion via hinges. it can. A modern portion is attached to the tip of each temple portion.
- the image display device is attached to the frame, specifically, for example, the image forming device may be attached to the temple portion.
- the front part and the two temple parts can be integrated. That is, when the entire display device of the present disclosure is viewed, the frame has substantially the same structure as normal glasses.
- the material constituting the frame including the pad portion can be made of the same material as that constituting normal glasses such as metal, alloy, plastic, and a combination thereof.
- the nose pad can be set as the structure by which the nose pad is attached to the front part. That is, when the entire display device of the present disclosure is viewed, the assembly of the frame (including the rim) and the nose pad has substantially the same structure as normal glasses.
- the nose pad can also have a known configuration and structure.
- each image forming apparatus includes a headphone section, and the headphone section wiring from each image forming apparatus is routed from the tip of the modern section to the headphone section via the temple section and the interior of the modern section. It can also be made into the extended form.
- the headphone unit include an inner ear type headphone unit and a canal type headphone unit.
- the headphone part wiring preferably has a form extending from the tip part of the modern part to the headphone part so as to wrap around the back side of the auricle (ear shell). Moreover, it can also be set as the form by which the imaging device was attached to the center part of the front part.
- the imaging apparatus is configured by a solid-state imaging device and a lens, for example, which are a CCD or a CMOS sensor.
- the wiring from the imaging device may be connected to, for example, one image display device (or image forming device) via the front portion, and is further included in the wiring extending from the image display device (or image forming device). That's fine.
- the image display device may include a light control device. That is, the second light guide member may overlap at least a part of the light control device.
- the light control device A first substrate, A second substrate facing the first substrate; A first transparent electrode provided on the facing surface of the first substrate facing the second substrate; A second transparent electrode provided on the facing surface of the second substrate facing the first substrate, and A light control layer sandwiched between the first transparent electrode and the second transparent electrode, It can be set as the form which consists of. Note that a higher voltage than that of the second transparent electrode is applied to the first transparent electrode, for example, during the operation of the dimmer.
- the light control layer may be formed of an optical shutter that applies a color change of a substance generated by a redox reaction of an inorganic or organic electrochromic material.
- the light control layer can be in a form containing an inorganic or organic electrochromic material.
- the light control layer can be formed from the first transparent electrode side by a WO 3 layer / Ta 2 O 5 layer /
- a laminated structure of an inorganic electrochromic material layer such as an Ir x Sn 1-x O layer or a laminated structure of an inorganic electrochromic material layer such as a WO 3 layer / Ta 2 O 5 layer / IrO x layer is adopted. it can.
- a MoO 3 layer or a V 2 O 5 layer can be used instead of the WO 3 layer.
- a ZrO 2 layer and a zirconium phosphate layer can be used, or a Prussian blue complex / nickel-substituted Prussian blue complex or the like can also be used.
- the organic electrochromic material for example, the electrochromic material disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 2014-111710 and 2014-159385 can be used.
- the light control layer can be configured to contain an electrophoretic dispersion, and the light control device can apply an electrodeposition / dissociation phenomenon generated by a reversible oxidation-reduction reaction of a metal (for example, silver particles).
- the light shutter by the electrodeposition method electroposition / field deposition
- the light control layer can also be configured to include an electrolyte containing metal ions.
- the electrophoretic dispersion liquid is composed of a large number of charged electrophoretic particles and a dispersion medium having a color different from that of the electrophoretic particles.
- the electrophoretic particles are negatively charged, relative to the first transparent electrode
- the negatively charged electrophoretic particles migrate so as to cover the second transparent electrode. Therefore, the light shielding rate in the light control device is a high value.
- the electrophoretic particles cover the first transparent electrode. Run. Therefore, the light shielding rate in the light control device is a low value.
- the voltage may be a direct current or an alternating current.
- the shape of the patterned first transparent electrode is such that when the electrophoretic particles migrate so as to cover the first transparent electrode and the light shielding rate in the light control device becomes a low value, the value of the light shielding rate in the light control device is optimum. It is sufficient to make it a shape that can be realized, and it may be determined by performing various tests.
- an insulating layer may be formed on the transparent electrode.
- the material constituting the insulating layer include a colorless and transparent insulating resin.
- an acrylic resin, an epoxy resin, a fluorine resin, a silicone resin, a polyimide resin examples thereof include polystyrene resins.
- a transparent glass substrate such as soda lime glass and white plate glass
- a plastic substrate such as soda lime glass and white plate glass
- a plastic substrate such as soda lime glass and white plate glass
- a plastic substrate such as soda lime glass and white plate glass
- a plastic substrate such as soda lime glass and white plate glass
- a plastic substrate such as soda lime glass and white plate glass
- a plastic substrate such as soda lime glass and white plate glass
- a plastic substrate such as soda lime glass and white plate glass
- plastic substrate such as soda lime glass and white plate glass
- plastic substrate such as soda lime glass and white plate glass
- plastic substrate such as soda lime glass and white plate glass
- plastic substrate such as soda lime glass and white plate glass
- plastic substrate such as soda lime glass and white plate glass
- plastic substrate such as soda lime glass and white plate glass
- plastic substrate such as soda lime glass and white plate glass
- plastic substrate such as soda lime glass and white plate glass
- plastic substrate such as soda lime glass and white plate glass
- plastic substrate such as soda lime glass and white plate glass
- plastic substrate such
- Polyethers such as polyether, polyacetal, polystyrene, polyethylene, polypropylene, methylpentene polymer, polyimides such as polyamideimide or polyetherimide, polyamide, polyethersulfone, polyphenylene sulfide, polyvinylidene fluoride, tetraacetylcellulose, brominated phenoxy, Examples include polyarylate and polysulfone.
- the plastic sheet and the plastic film may have a rigidity that does not easily bend, or may have flexibility.
- a barrier layer made of an inorganic material or an organic material may be formed on the inner surface of the substrate.
- sealing members also called sealing agents, epoxy resins, urethane resins, acrylic resins, vinyl acetate resins, ene-thiol resins, silicone resins, modified polymer resins, etc.
- sealing agents also called sealing agents, epoxy resins, urethane resins, acrylic resins, vinyl acetate resins, ene-thiol resins, silicone resins, modified polymer resins, etc.
- Various resins such as a moisture curable type and an anaerobic curable type can be used.
- the weight of the entire display device can be reduced, and there is no possibility of making the user of the display device feel uncomfortable.
- the first transparent electrode may be patterned or may not be patterned.
- the second transparent electrode may also be patterned or may not be patterned.
- indium-tin composite oxide including ITO, Indium Tin Oxide, Sn-doped In 2 O 3 , crystalline ITO, and amorphous ITO is used as a material constituting the first transparent electrode and the second transparent electrode.
- Fluorine-doped SnO 2 FTO
- IFO F-doped In 2 O 3
- antimony-doped SnO 2 ATO
- SnO 2 ZnO (including Al-doped ZnO and B-doped ZnO), indium-zinc composite
- oxides IZO, Indium Zinc Oxide
- spinel oxides oxides having a YbFe 2 O 4 structure
- conductive polymers such as polyaniline, polypyrrole, and polythiophene.
- two or more of these can be used in combination.
- the first transparent electrode and the second transparent electrode are formed based on a physical vapor deposition method (PVD method) such as a vacuum vapor deposition method or a sputtering method, various chemical vapor deposition methods (CVD method), various coating methods, and the like.
- PVD method physical vapor deposition method
- CVD method chemical vapor deposition methods
- Patterning can be performed by an arbitrary method such as an etching method, a lift-off method, or a method using various masks.
- the light control device may be arranged in the front part. And in this case, the front part has a rim; the light control device can be configured to be fitted into the rim. Moreover, in the display device of the present disclosure including the various preferable embodiments described above, the second light guide member and the light control device may be arranged in this order from the observer side, or the light control device and the second light guide device. You may arrange in order of a member.
- An illuminance sensor that measures the illuminance of the environment where the display device is placed is further provided; a mode for controlling the light shielding rate of the light control device based on the measurement result of the illuminance sensor (environmental illuminance measurement sensor) It can be.
- it further includes an illuminance sensor (environmental illuminance measurement sensor) for measuring the illuminance of the environment where the display device is placed; formed by the image forming apparatus based on the measurement result of the illuminance sensor (environmental illuminance measurement sensor). It is possible to control the luminance of the image.
- the apparatus further includes a second illuminance sensor (sometimes referred to as “transmitted light illuminance measurement sensor” for convenience) that measures illuminance based on light transmitted through the light control device from the external environment; Based on the measurement result of the (transmitted light illuminance measurement sensor), the light shielding rate of the light control device can be controlled.
- the apparatus further includes a second illuminance sensor (transmitted light illuminance measurement sensor) that measures illuminance based on light transmitted through the light control device from the external environment; measurement result of the second illuminance sensor (transmitted light illuminance measurement sensor) Based on the above, it is possible to control the luminance of the image formed by the image forming apparatus.
- the second illuminance sensor (transmitted light illuminance measurement sensor) is arranged closer to the viewer than the optical device.
- At least two second illuminance sensors (transmitted light illuminance measurement sensors) are arranged to measure illuminance based on light that has passed through a portion with a high light shielding rate, and to measure illuminance based on light that has passed through a portion with a low light shielding rate. You may go. These forms may be combined. Furthermore, you may combine these forms and the form which controls based on the measurement result of said illuminance sensor (environmental illuminance measurement sensor).
- the illuminance sensor (environmental illuminance measurement sensor, transmitted light illuminance measurement sensor) may be configured from a known illuminance sensor, and the illuminance sensor may be controlled based on a known control circuit.
- the maximum light transmittance of the light control device can be 50% or more, and the minimum light transmittance of the light control device can be 30% or less.
- the upper limit value of the maximum light transmittance of the light control device can be 99%, and the lower limit value of the minimum light transmittance of the light control device can be 1%.
- a control circuit (a light control device / control circuit for controlling the light shielding rate of the light control device) by attaching a connector to the light control device (specifically, a connector attached to the first transparent electrode or the second transparent electrode)
- the light control device may be electrically connected to the control device for controlling the image forming apparatus via the connector and the wiring.
- the light passing through the light control device may be colored to a desired color by the light control device.
- the color colored by the light control device can be variable, or the color colored by the light control device can be fixed.
- a light control device colored in red, a light control device colored in green, and a light control device colored in blue may be stacked.
- the color to be colored by the light control device is not limited, but can be exemplified by brown.
- the observer observes the brightness of the light that has passed through the light control device and the optical device, and the observer manually controls and adjusts the light blocking rate by operating switches, buttons, dials, sliders, knobs, etc.
- the light shielding rate is controlled and adjusted based on the measurement result of the second illuminance sensor (transmitted light illuminance measurement sensor) that measures the illuminance based on the light transmitted through the light control device from the external environment. be able to.
- the control and adjustment of the light shielding rate may be performed by controlling the voltage applied to the first transparent electrode and the second transparent electrode.
- At least two second illuminance sensors are arranged to measure illuminance based on light that has passed through a portion with a high light shielding rate, and to measure illuminance based on light that has passed through a portion with a low light shielding rate. You may go.
- the display device may include one image display device or two image display devices. When two image display devices are provided, the voltage applied to the first transparent electrode and the second transparent electrode is adjusted in each of the one light control device and the other light control device, so that one of the light control devices And the light shielding rate of the other light control device can be equalized.
- the light blocking rate in one light control device and the light blocking rate in the other light control device are, for example, a second illuminance sensor (transmitted light illuminance measurement sensor) that measures illuminance based on the light transmitted through the light control device from the external environment described above. Or the brightness of the light passing through one light control device and the optical device and the light brightness passing through the other light control device and the optical device.
- the observer can also control and adjust manually by operating switches, buttons, dials, sliders, knobs, and the like.
- a test pattern may be displayed on the optical device.
- a head-mounted display can be configured by the display device of the present disclosure. This makes it possible to reduce the weight and size of the display device, significantly reduce discomfort when the display device is mounted, and further reduce the manufacturing cost.
- the image display device of the present disclosure can be applied to a head-up display (HUD) provided in a cockpit of a vehicle or an aircraft.
- HUD head-up display
- the virtual image formation region where a virtual image is formed based on the light emitted from the image forming apparatus can be a HUD disposed on a windshield of a cockpit of a vehicle or an aircraft, or image formation
- a combiner having a virtual image forming area in which a virtual image is formed based on light emitted from the apparatus may be a HUD arranged on a windshield of a vehicle or an aircraft cockpit.
- Example 1 relates to an optical device of the present disclosure, an image display device according to the first to second aspects of the present disclosure, and a display device according to the first to second aspects of the present disclosure.
- the arrangement of the first light guide member and the second light guide member in the optical device of Example 1 is schematically shown in FIG. 1 together with the behavior of light, the image forming device, and the pupil of the observer.
- the arrangement of the two light guide members is schematically shown in FIG. 2A.
- 2A is a side view of the first light guide member and the second light guide member when the first light guide member and the second light guide member are viewed from the direction of the white arrow B in FIG. 2A and the black arrow C in FIG. 2A. Is shown in FIGS. 2B and 2C. Further, FIG.
- FIG. 3 schematically shows the arrangement of the first light guide member and the second light guide member when the optical device of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is applied to a binocular display device.
- the arrangement state of the first light guide member and the second light guide member in the display device is schematically shown in FIG. 4A.
- FIG. 9 the schematic diagram which looked at the display apparatus of Example 1 from the top is shown in FIG. 9, the schematic diagram seen from the front is shown in FIG. 10, and the schematic diagram which looked at the display apparatus of Example 1 from the side is shown in FIG.
- FIG. 11B shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the first light guide member and the like.
- “R” is added to the reference number for the optical device for the right eye
- “L” is added to the reference number for the optical device for the left eye.
- the optical device 30 of Example 1 is The first surface 40A, the second surface 40B, the third surface 40C facing the first surface 40A, the fourth surface 40D facing the second surface 40B, the fifth surface 40E, and the sixth surface facing the fifth surface 40E.
- a first light guide member 40 having a surface 40F and having first deflection means 41 therein;
- a second light guide member 50 having a surface 50F and having second deflecting means 51 therein; It has.
- the first surface 40A and the third surface 40C are parallel
- the second surface 40B and the fourth surface 40D are parallel and orthogonal to the first surface 40A and the third surface 40C
- the seventh surface 50A and the ninth surface 50C are parallel to the XY plane in the XYZ orthogonal coordinate system
- Light incident from the fifth surface 40E (may be indicated by white arrows R and black arrows L) is totally reflected inside the first light guide member 40, deflected by the first deflecting means 41, and third.
- the light is emitted from the surface 40C, is incident on the eighth surface 50B arranged away from the third surface 40C, is totally reflected between the seventh surface 50A and the ninth surface 50C, and is deflected by the second deflecting means 51.
- the first deflecting means 41 includes a plurality of first semi-transmissive layers 42 that are spaced apart and arranged in parallel.
- the value of ⁇ is a value exceeding 0 degrees.
- the value of ⁇ is a value exceeding 0 degree.
- the image display apparatus includes an image forming apparatus 60 and an optical apparatus, and the optical apparatus includes the optical apparatus 30 according to the first embodiment.
- the display device of Example 1 is a head-mounted display (HMD), A frame 10 (for example, a glasses-type frame 10) attached to the head of the observer 20, and An image display device attached to the frame 10, With
- the image display device includes an image forming device 60 and an optical device,
- the optical device includes the optical device 30 of the first embodiment.
- the image forming apparatus 60 displays a color image (virtual image) composed of, for example, three primary colors of red, green, and blue.
- the system composed of the first light guide member 40, the second light guide member 50, and the support member 31 for fixing these light guide members is a semi-transmissive type (see-through type).
- a space is provided between the light guide member and the support member 31.
- a binocular type including two image display devices is used, but a single-eye type including one image display device may be used.
- the image forming apparatus 60 may be fixedly attached to the frame 10 or may be detachably attached.
- the second deflecting unit 51 includes a plurality of second semi-transmissive layers 52 that are spaced apart and arranged in parallel.
- the first semi-transmissive layer 42 and the second semi-transmissive layer are made of a dielectric multilayer film.
- the dielectric multilayer film has, for example, a structure in which SiO 2 films (refractive index 1.462) and Nb 2 O 5 films (refractive index 2.378) are alternately laminated, or For example, it has a structure in which SiO 2 films and TiO 2 films (refractive index: 2.493) are alternately stacked.
- the normal line of the second semi-transmissive layer 52 is included in the YZ plane.
- the third surface 40C and the eighth surface 50B are parallel.
- the light emitted from the central portion of the image forming apparatus 60 is preferably incident on the fifth surface 40E of the first light guide member 40 perpendicularly. Further, the light emitted from the central portion of the image forming apparatus 60 is guided in the first light guide member 40, emitted from the third surface 40 ⁇ / b> C of the first light guide member 40, and the second light guide member 50. It is preferable to enter the eighth surface 50B perpendicularly.
- the image emitted from the image forming apparatus 60 enters the fifth surface 40 ⁇ / b> E of the first light guide member 40 at a certain angle.
- a light beam emitted from the image forming apparatus 60 and incident on the fifth surface 40E of the first light guide member 40 is denoted by “R 0 ”.
- Light that penetrates into the first light guide member 40 and travels (propagates) as a whole in the X direction is transmitted through the first surface 40A, the second surface 40B, the third surface 40C, and the first surface of the first light guide member 40. It collides with the four surfaces 40D, repeats total reflection on these surfaces 40A, 40B, 40C, and 40D, and proceeds toward the sixth surface 40F.
- a part of the light impinging on the first semi-transparent layer 42 is transmitted through the first semitransparent layer 42, a portion is reflected by the first semitransparent layer 42 is deflected, light R 1 from the third surface 40C Is emitted.
- Light emitted from the central portion of the image forming apparatus 60 is guided in the first light guide member 40, emitted from the third surface 40C of the first light guide member 40, and from the eighth surface 50B to the second light guide member. When entering 50, this light is included in the YZ plane.
- the parallel light flux that has entered the first light guide member 40 is emitted from the third surface 40C, and the light beam width is expanded (expanded) in the X direction by the first light guide member 40.
- FIG. 1 FIG. 1
- the light incident surface (fifth surface 40E) of the first light guide member 40 is guided in the light guide direction for simplification of the drawings.
- the display device it is illustrated as a plane perpendicular to a certain X axis, it is preferable to design the display device appropriately tilted according to the arrangement of the entire display device and the tilt of the first semi-transmissive layer 42. That is, in FIGS.
- first surface 40A and the third surface 40C of the light guide member 40 are included in the XZ plane
- second surface 40B and the fourth surface 40D are included in the XY plane
- first surface 40A and the third surface 40C are illustrated.
- the three surfaces 40C and the XZ plane may intersect at an angle ( ⁇ ) other than 0 degrees
- the second surface 40B and the fourth surface 40D and the XY plane may intersect at an angle ( ⁇ ) other than 0 degrees.
- a light-shielding portion having an opening is disposed between the image forming device 60 and the first light guide member 40 so that undesired light is emitted from the image forming device 60 and does not enter the first light guide member 40. May be.
- the light beam R 1 emitted from the third surface 40 ⁇ / b> C of the first light guide member 40 is incident on the eighth surface 50 ⁇ / b> B of the second light guide member 50.
- the light entering the inside of the second light guide member 50 and traveling in the Y direction as a whole collides with the seventh surface 50A and the ninth surface 50C of the second light guide member 50, and all of these surfaces 50A, 50C
- the reflection is repeated and proceeds toward the tenth surface 50D.
- a part of the light colliding with the second semi-transmissive layer 52 is transmitted through the second semi-transmissive layer 52, and a part is reflected and deflected by the second semi-transmissive layer 52, and the light ray R 2 from the seventh surface 50A.
- the optical device 30 can take out the incident light flux in a two-dimensional manner. Between the first light guide member 40 and the second light guide member 50, so that undesired light of the light emitted from the first light guide member 40 does not enter the second light guide member 50, You may arrange
- the light incident surface is illustrated as a surface perpendicular to the Y axis that is the light guide direction
- the light incident surface (eighth surface 50B) is appropriately inclined according to the arrangement of the entire display device and the inclination of the second semi-transmissive layer 52. It is preferable to design.
- the first light guide member 40 is a material having a desired thickness constituting the first light guide member 40 (hereinafter referred to as “light guide material” for convenience, for example, a glass material BK7 having a refractive index of 1.517 or a refractive material).
- a first semi-transmissive layer 42 is formed on the first light-transmitting layer 42, and a light-guiding material having a desired thickness is bonded to the first semi-transmissive layer 42.
- the process of forming the first semi-transmissive layer 42 is repeated a desired number of times to obtain a block in which the first semi-transmissive layer 42 having the desired thickness and the desired number of layers is formed. Can be obtained by cutting out the angles ⁇ and ⁇ so as to have desired values.
- the 2nd light guide member 50 can also be manufactured by the same method.
- the first light guide member 40 has a structure in which a first semi-transmissive layer 42 and a light guide material are laminated
- the second light guide member 50 has a structure in which a second semi-transmissive layer 52 and a light guide material are laminated.
- FIG. 5A, FIG. 5B, and FIG. 5C schematically show light rays that propagate (propagate) inside the first light guide member 40 when the first light guide member 40 is viewed from above.
- ⁇ 0 degrees.
- the angle ⁇ is 0 degree, and light rays at the upper end of the image (indicated by solid lines R U1 and R U2 ) propagating in the ⁇ X axis direction and light rays at the lower end of the image (indicated by broken lines R D and R U2) .
- the angle ⁇ is set to a value exceeding 0 degree.
- the angle ⁇ is a value exceeding 0 degree (however, an angle larger than that shown in FIG. 5B).
- the emission direction of the light beam R U1 and the stray light beam R D2 corresponding to the signal light beam can be more reliably separated, and the emission direction of the light beam R D1 and the stray light beam R U2 corresponding to the signal light beam.
- an output image by the signal light beam (indicated by a white upward arrow in the right hand side view of FIG. 5B) and an output image by the stray light (indicated by a gray right downward arrow in the right hand side diagram of FIG. 5B). ) are displayed in a completely separated manner, so that the quality of the display image can be further improved.
- FIGS. 6A, 6B, 7A and 7B show the results of FIGS. 6A, 6B, 7A and 7B.
- the vertical axis indicates the effective visual field range by the field diagonal value (unit: degree)
- the horizontal axis indicates the angle ⁇ (unit: degree). ⁇ is changed every 5 degrees.
- “A” indicates the field diagonal value of the effective field region
- “B” indicates the field diagonal value where stray light is generated
- “C”. Indicates a field diagonal value in which the effective field region is limited because it exceeds the total reflection limit of the first light guide member. The wider the area of “A”, the larger the viewing diagonal value of the effective viewing area, which is preferable.
- the optical device of Example 1 is not limited, 20 (degrees) ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 30 (degrees) 55 (degrees) ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 65 (degrees) It is understood that it is preferable to satisfy
- FIG. 8 shows a result of simulating the effective visual field range emitted from the first light guide member 40 when the refractive index n of the material constituting the first light guide member 40 is changed.
- the relationship between each figure in FIG. 8 and the refractive index is as follows. Note that image light (light for image display) having a diagonal angle of 65 degrees was incident on the first light guide member 40.
- the first light guide is formed when the inclination ( ⁇ , ⁇ ) of the first semi-transmissive layer 42 is (25 degrees, 60 degrees).
- the stray light output image (indicated by “A”) escapes from the effective visual field range to the outside as the value of the refractive index n of the material constituting the member increases. This is because when the stray light generated inside the first light guide member 40 is emitted from the first light guide member 40, the greater the difference in refractive index between the first light guide member 40 and the air, the stronger the light is refracted. is there. Further, in FIGS.
- the first semi-transmissive layer 42 has a slope ( ⁇ , ⁇ ) that is (25 degrees, 65 degrees). It can be confirmed that the vignetting due to the total reflection limit (indicated by “B”) decreases as the value of the refractive index n of the material constituting the light guide member 40 increases.
- the image forming apparatus 60 includes an image forming apparatus having a first configuration. Specifically, as illustrated in a conceptual diagram in FIG. 12A, the image forming apparatus 60A includes a spatial light including an organic EL display device. A modulation device 62 is included. The image emitted from the spatial light modulation device 62 passes through a lens system (optical system) 61 composed of, for example, a convex lens, becomes parallel light, and travels toward the fifth surface 40E of the first light guide member 40.
- the entire image forming apparatus 60A is housed in a housing (not shown). The housing is attached to the temple portion 13 by the attachment member 19.
- the spatial light modulator 62 includes a plurality of (for example, 640 ⁇ 480) pixels (organic EL elements) arranged in a two-dimensional matrix.
- the image forming apparatus 60B includes the image forming apparatus having the first configuration. Specifically, the reflective spatial light modulator and the light emitting diode that emits white light. It is comprised from the light source 63 which consists of.
- Each image forming apparatus 60B as a whole is housed in a housing (not shown).
- the housing is provided with an opening (not shown), and an optical system (parallel light) is provided through the opening. Light is emitted from an emission optical system (collimating optical system) 61.
- the housing is attached to the temple portion 13 by the attachment member 19.
- the reflective spatial light modulator comprises a liquid crystal display (LCD) 64 made of LCOS as a light valve.
- LCD liquid crystal display
- a polarizing beam splitter 65 for guiding is provided.
- the liquid crystal display device 64 includes a plurality of (for example, 640 ⁇ 480) pixels (liquid crystal cells) arranged in a two-dimensional matrix.
- the polarization beam splitter 65 has a known configuration and structure. The unpolarized light emitted from the light source 63 collides with the polarization beam splitter 65. In the polarization beam splitter 65, the P-polarized light component passes and is emitted out of the system.
- the S-polarized component is reflected by the polarization beam splitter 65, enters the liquid crystal display device 64, is reflected inside the liquid crystal display device 64, and is emitted from the liquid crystal display device 64.
- the light emitted from the liquid crystal display device 64 contains a lot of P-polarized light components, and the light emitted from the pixel displaying “black” is S-polarized light. Contains many ingredients.
- the P-polarized component passes through the polarization beam splitter 65 and travels toward the fifth surface 40 ⁇ / b> E of the first light guide member 40.
- the S polarization component is reflected by the polarization beam splitter 65 and returned to the light source 63.
- the optical system 61 is composed of, for example, a convex lens, and an image forming device 60B (more specifically, a liquid crystal display device 64) is disposed at a focal position (position) in the optical system 61 in order to generate parallel light. Has been.
- the image forming apparatus 60C includes the image forming apparatus having the second configuration, and specifically scans the light source 66 and the light emitted from the light source 66.
- a scanning unit 69 for forming an image is provided.
- the image forming apparatus 60 ⁇ / b> C includes a laser light source 66 and a MEMS mirror 69. The light emitted from the MEMS mirror 69 passes through the lens system 61 and enters the fifth surface 40E of the first light guide member 40.
- the laser light source 66 is composed of a light emitting element that emits green light.
- the light emitted from the light source 66 is converted into parallel light by the lens 67, the optical path is changed by the reflecting mirror 68, the micromirror can be rotated in two dimensions, and the incident parallel light is scanned two-dimensionally.
- Horizontal scanning and vertical scanning are performed by the scanning means 69 composed of a MEMS mirror that can be converted into a kind of two-dimensional image, and virtual pixels (number of pixels, for example, 640 ⁇ 480) are generated.
- the light from the virtual pixel (scanning means 69 corresponding to the image emitting unit) passes through the lens system (optical system) 61 having a positive optical power, and the collimated light beam is the first light guide.
- the light enters the fifth surface 40E of the member 40.
- the entire image forming apparatus 60C is housed in a housing (not shown).
- luminance unevenness may occur in the effective visual field region due to the uneven density of the outgoing light bundle emitted from the light guide member.
- a parallel light beam is incident on the first light guide member 40 with a wide light beam width. is there. Therefore, the exit pupil diameter of the first light guide member 40 corresponds to the position of the exit pupil of the optical system 61 (the fifth surface 40E), and the exit pupil diameter is that of the light entrance surface (the fifth surface 40E). It is preferable to design to cover the entire area.
- the frame 10 includes a front portion 11 disposed in front of the observer 20, two temple portions 13 rotatably attached to both ends of the front portion 11 via hinges 12, and tip portions of the temple portions 13.
- a nose pad 10 ' is attached. That is, the assembly of the frame 10 and the nose pad 10 'basically has substantially the same structure as normal glasses.
- each housing is attached to the temple portion 13 by an attachment member 19.
- the frame 10 is made of metal or plastic. Each housing may be detachably attached to the temple portion 13 by the attachment member 19.
- each housing may be detachably attached to the temple portion 13 of the frame 10 of the glasses owned by the observer by the attachment member 19.
- Each housing may be attached to the outside of the temple portion 13 or may be attached to the inside of the temple portion 13.
- the support member 31 may be fitted into the rim 11 ′′ (shown only in FIGS. 11B and 11C) provided in the front portion 11.
- a wiring (a signal line, a power supply line, etc.) 15 extending from one image forming apparatus 60 extends from the distal end portion of the modern portion 14 to the outside via the temple portion 13 and the interior of the modern portion 14 and is controlled. It is connected to a device (control circuit, control means) 18.
- each image forming apparatus 60 includes a headphone unit 16, and a headphone unit wiring 16 ′ extending from each image forming device 60 is connected to the modern unit 14 via the temple unit 13 and the modern unit 14. Extends from the front end of the headphone unit 16 to the headphone unit 16.
- the headphone unit wiring 16 ′ extends from the tip of the modern unit 14 to the headphone unit 16 so as to wrap around the back side of the auricle (ear shell).
- the wiring (signal line, power supply line, etc.) 15 is connected to the control device (control circuit) 18 as described above, and the control device 18 performs processing for image display.
- the control device 18 can be composed of a known circuit.
- a signal from the imaging device 17 is sent to a control device (control circuit) 18 via a wiring (not shown) extending from the imaging device 17.
- the value of ⁇ is greater than 0 degrees, and the value of ⁇ is also greater than 0 degrees, so that the light is emitted from the first light guide member.
- the first light guide member has an action of expanding the beam bundle width in the X direction
- the exit pupil of the observation system is expanded in the X direction
- the second light guide member expands the beam bundle width in the Y direction. Therefore, the exit pupil of the observation system is enlarged in the Y direction. Therefore, since the exit pupil of the observation system can be enlarged two-dimensionally by the optical device, the optical system can be reduced in size, which is extremely advantageous in designing a display device with a wide field of view.
- Example 2 is a modification of Example 1.
- the arrangement of the first light guide member and the second light guide member in the optical device of Example 2 is schematically shown in FIG. 13 together with the behavior of light, the image forming device, and the pupil of the observer.
- the arrangement of the two light guide members is schematically shown in FIG. 14 is a side view of the first light guide member and the second light guide member when the first light guide member and the second light guide member are viewed from the direction of the white arrow B in FIG. 14 and the black arrow C in FIG. Is the same as shown in FIGS. 2B and 2C.
- Example 1 the rod-shaped first light guide member 40 extends in the horizontal direction.
- Example 2 the rod-shaped first light guide member 40 extends in the vertical direction.
- the optical device, the image display device, and the display device of the second embodiment can be the same as the optical device, the image display device, and the display device described in the first embodiment, and thus detailed description thereof is omitted. .
- the third embodiment is a modification of the first and second embodiments.
- the width of the light beam propagating through the light guide member is not sufficiently wide, the density of the light beam emitted from the light guide member may be biased.
- the width of the light beam propagating through the light guide member is widened by disposing the semi-transmissive mirror film on the light guide member. That is, in the example of the optical device of Example 1 shown in FIG. 15B, the light flux width R ′ 0 limited by the width of the light incident surface (eighth surface 50B) may be insufficient. There may be a case where the light beam emitted from the seventh surface 50A of the optical member 50 is missing (shown by hatching in FIG. 15B).
- the semi-transmission parallel to the seventh surface 50A and the ninth surface 50C (total reflection surfaces 50A and 50C) of the second light guide member 50 is formed in the vicinity of the light incident surface (eighth surface 50B), and the light beam width can be widened by branching the light beam colliding with the semi-transmissive mirror film 71 in the transmission direction and the reflection direction. is there. As a result, the density of the light beam emitted from the second light guide member 50 can be made uniform. This state is illustrated on the right hand side of FIG. 15A.
- the arrow “A” indicates the light bundle width that defines the light bundle width for guiding the second light guide member 50 (the maximum width of the light bundle width emitted from the semi-transmissive mirror film 71). ).
- FIG. 16 shows an enlarged view of the state where the semi-transmissive mirror film 71 is formed in the vicinity of the light incident surface (eighth surface 50B).
- the maximum value L max of the length of the semi-transmissive mirror film 71 in the Y direction is It is preferable to satisfy the following values.
- the parallel light beam is propagated in the most shallow angle of the second light guide member 50, the light rays corresponding to the one end of the incident surface R 3, when a light beam corresponding to the other end was R 4, half-mirror
- the maximum length L max of the film 71 is desirably a value at which the light ray R 4 collides with the semi-transmissive mirror film 71 at least once.
- the thickness (Z-direction thickness) of the second light guide member 50 is T
- the inclination angle (angle formed with the XZ plane) of the light incident surface (eighth surface 50B) of the second light guide member 50 is ⁇
- the total reflection angle of the light beam propagating through the second light guide member 50 at the shallowest angle is ⁇ s
- the distance from the semi-transmissive mirror film 71 to the ninth surface 50C of the second light guide member 50 is T ⁇ r
- the first light guide member 40 has a cross section with a close aspect ratio, and the parallel light flux of the image light has two sets of parallel opposing side surfaces (the first surface 40A and the third surface).
- the light is guided while repeating the total reflection surface between the surface 40C and the second surface 40B and the fourth surface 40D). Therefore, when the thickness (width) of the light bundle limited by the area of the light incident surface (the fifth surface 40E) is not sufficient, the two light beams are emitted toward the second light guide member 50 in two total reflection directions. There may be a deviation in the density of the resulting outgoing light bundle.
- the first light guide member 40 includes: A semi-transmissive mirror film 72 disposed in parallel with the first surface 40A and the third surface 40C is disposed (see FIG. 17C), or A semi-transmissive mirror film 71 disposed in parallel with the second surface 40B and the fourth surface 40D is disposed (see FIG. 17B), or A semi-transmissive mirror film 72 disposed parallel to the first surface 40A and the third surface 40C and a semi-transmissive mirror film 71 disposed parallel to the second surface 40B and the fourth surface 40D are disposed ( FIG. 17A).
- the semi-transmissive mirror film 72 disposed parallel to the first surface 40A and the third surface 40C, and the semi-transmissive mirror disposed parallel to the second surface 40B and the fourth surface 40D.
- membrane 71 is arrange
- a semi-transmissive mirror film 71 is disposed in parallel with the second surface 40B and the fourth surface 40D, and is totally reflected by the second surface 40B and the fourth surface 40D.
- the density of the outgoing light bundle corresponding to the direction is made uniform.
- FIG. 17A the semi-transmissive mirror film 72 disposed parallel to the first surface 40A and the third surface 40C, and the semi-transmissive mirror disposed parallel to the second surface 40B and the fourth surface 40D.
- membrane 71 is arrange
- a semi-transmissive mirror film 71 is disposed
- the semi-transmissive mirror film 72 is provided in parallel with the first surface 40A and the third surface 40C, and is in the direction of total reflection on the first surface 40A and the third surface 40C.
- the density of the corresponding outgoing light bundle is made uniform.
- the semi-transmissive mirror film 72 disposed in the first light guide member 40 in parallel with the first surface 40A and the third surface 40C is an area located at the same distance from the first surface 40A and the third surface 40C. (See FIG. 17C).
- the semi-transmissive mirror film 75 disposed on the first light guide member 40 in parallel with the first surface 40A and the third surface 40C may be a partial region on the first surface 40A or the third surface 40C. It can be set as the structure arrange
- the semi-transmissive mirror film 71 disposed in the first light guide member 40 in parallel with the second surface 40B and the fourth surface 40D is located at the same distance from the second surface 40B and the fourth surface 40D. It can be set as the structure arrange
- the semi-transmissive mirror film 73 disposed on the first light guide member 40 in parallel with the second surface 40B and the fourth surface 40D may be a partial region on the second surface 40B or the fourth surface 40D.
- a configuration may be employed in which a part of the region is disposed (see FIGS. 18B and 19B).
- FIG. 18A, FIG. 18B, FIG. 19A, and FIG. 19B schematically show a state where unevenness (brightness or darkness) occurs in the image on the right hand side.
- unevenness unevenness or darkness
- the strip-shaped luminance unevenness caused by the two total reflection directions intersect each other.
- a grid-like brightness non-uniformity is generated overlapping the pattern.
- the transflective mirror film 73 is formed, and the width of the light bundle that is totally reflected by the second surface 40B and the fourth surface 40D is widened.
- Unevenness is suppressed, and only brightness unevenness corresponding to the Z direction occurs.
- the semi-transmissive mirror film 75 is formed, and the width of the light beam totally reflected by the first surface 40A and the third surface 40C is widened. The luminance unevenness is suppressed, and only the luminance unevenness corresponding to the Y direction occurs.
- semi-transmissive mirror films 73 and 75 are formed, and the light flux width totally reflected by the second surface 40B and the fourth surface 40D and the first surface 40A and the third surface 40C are all reflected. Since the width of the reflected light bundle is widened, the band-like luminance unevenness corresponding to the total reflection direction is suppressed, and a state without luminance unevenness is achieved.
- the semi-transmissive mirror film When the semi-transmissive mirror film is disposed in a partial region on the first surface 40A or a partial region on the third surface 40C, or alternatively, a partial region or the fourth surface on the second surface 40B.
- protective members 74 and 76 When disposed in a partial region on 40D, it is preferable that protective members 74 and 76 are disposed on the surface of the semi-transmissive mirror film that is not in contact with the first light guide member 40.
- the protection members 74 and 76 may be appropriately selected from materials constituting the light guide member.
- the second light guide member 50 may have a configuration in which the semi-transmissive mirror film disposed in parallel with the seventh surface 50A and the ninth surface 50C is disposed.
- the semi-transmissive mirror film disposed parallel to the seventh surface 50A and the ninth surface 50C inside the second light guide member 50 is located at the same distance from the seventh surface 50A and the ninth surface 50C.
- the semi-transmissive mirror film As described above, by disposing the semi-transmissive mirror film on the second light guide member 50, it is possible to prevent the image emitted from the seventh surface 50A of the second light guide member 50 from becoming uneven (brightness or darkness). can do.
- the semi-transmissive mirror film is disposed in a partial region on the seventh surface 50A or a partial region on the ninth surface 50C, the surface of the semi-transmissive mirror film that is not in contact with the second light guide member 50 It is preferable that a protective member is disposed on the. What is necessary is just to select a protective member suitably from the material which comprises a light guide member.
- the light guide member provided with the semi-transmissive mirror films 73 and 75 shown in FIGS. 18B, 19A, and 19B is the light guide member provided with the semi-transmissive mirror films 71 and 72 shown in FIGS. 17A, 17B, and 17C. It is very useful because it can be expected to produce a sufficient effect while being much easier to manufacture.
- the first light guide member 40 and the second light guide member 50 include the first semi-transmissive layer 42 and the second semi-transmissive layer 52 which are discontinuous boundaries inside the light guide member.
- a protective member that has the same refractive index as that of the light guide material and is thinner than the light guide member on one or more side surfaces of the light guide member, regardless of whether or not the semi-transmissive mirror film is provided.
- 74 and 76 are preferably pasted.
- the fourth embodiment is a modification of the first to third embodiments.
- a schematic cross-sectional view of the light incident portion of the first light guide member is located near the fifth surface 40 ⁇ / b> E in the first light guide member 40.
- a cross-sectional area / expansion portion 80 that increases the cross-sectional area of the light incident on the fifth surface 40E is provided.
- a second cross-sectional area / enlargement portion that enlarges the cross-sectional area of the light incident on the eighth surface 50B is disposed.
- the thickness of the first light guide member 40 can be reduced, and the thickness of the second light guide member in the Z direction is reduced. It becomes possible. It shows the thickness T 0 of the light flux width W 0 and the first light guide member 40 entering the fifth surface 40E of the first light guide member 40 when the cross-sectional area and expanding part 80 are arranged in FIG. 20
- FIG. 20 also shows the beam bundle width W 1 incident on the fifth surface 40E of the first light guide member 40 when the cross-sectional area / enlarged portion 80 is not provided.
- a schematic cross-sectional view of the light incident portion of the optical device in which the cross-sectional area / enlargement portion 80 is not provided is shown in FIG. 21, and the light flux width W incident on the fifth surface 40 E of the first light guide member 40. 1 and the thickness T 0 of the first light guide member 40 are also shown in FIG.
- the cross-sectional area / enlarged portion 80 is formed in the vicinity of the light incident portion (fifth surface 40E) of the first light guide member 40 and the light incident portion (eighth surface 50B) of the second light guide member. It can be configured by incorporating a prism member having the same refractive index, or alternatively, the light incident part (fifth surface 40E) of the first light guide member 40 or the light incident part (eighth of the second light guide member). It can be formed by processing the surface 50B) into a prism shape.
- the value of the inclination angle of the light incident surface of the cross-sectional area / enlargement portion 80 may be smaller than the value of the inclination angle of the fifth surface 40E of the first light guide member 40, or the second section
- the inclination angle value of the light incident surface of the area / enlarged portion may be smaller than the inclination angle value of the eighth surface 50B of the second light guide member 50 (see also FIG. 16).
- the light emitted from the central portion of the image forming apparatus 60 is preferably incident on the light incident surface of the cross-sectional area / enlarged portion 80 perpendicularly. Further, when the light emitted from the central portion of the image forming apparatus 60 is guided in the first light guide member 40 and emitted from the third surface 40C of the first light guide member 40, the second cross-sectional area / enlargement is performed. It is preferable to enter perpendicularly to the light incident surface of the part.
- a light shielding unit having an opening between the image forming apparatus 60 and the first light guide member 40 so that undesired light is emitted from the image forming apparatus 60 and does not enter the first light guide member 40.
- a light shielding unit having an opening between the image forming apparatus 60 and the first light guide member 40 so that undesired light is emitted from the image forming apparatus 60 and does not enter the first light guide member 40.
- 81 is arranged.
- the first light guide member 40 and the second light guide member 50 so that undesired light does not enter the second light guide member 50 among the light emitted from the first light guide member 40.
- Example 5 is a modification of Example 1 to Example 4.
- the intensity of the light beam guided while repeating total reflection is increased every time the first semi-transmissive layer 42 is transmitted. It attenuates according to the transmittance.
- the light reflectance of the first semi-transmissive layer 42 is corrected so as to correct the intensity attenuation. Should be designed with a higher level. This design is effective for both the first light guide member 40 and the second light guide member 50.
- the first semi-transmissive layer 42 located far from the fifth surface 40E is It has a higher light reflectance (lower light transmittance) than the first semi-transmissive layer 42 located near the fifth surface 40E.
- the second semi-transmissive layer 52 located far from the eighth surface 50B is located near the eighth surface 50B.
- the second semi-transmissive layer 52 has a higher light reflectance (lower light transmittance).
- the observer 20 when the geometrical arrangement of the first semi-transmissive layer 42 is determined, among the light rays reflected by a certain first semi-transmissive layer 42 and emitted from the first light guide member 40, the observer 20 The angle component of the light ray incident on the pupil 21 is determined according to the distance from the light incident surface (fifth surface 40E) of the first light guide member 40 to the first semi-transmissive layer 42.
- the angle characteristic of the light reflectance of each first semi-transmissive layer 42 may be appropriately designed.
- the first semi-transmissive layer 42 depends on the distance from the fifth surface, and the angle (reflection angle) between the normal line of the first semi-transmissive layer 42 and the light beam reflected by the first semi-transmissive layer 42.
- the light reflectance are preferably defined.
- the second semi-transmissive layer 52 has an angle (reflection) between the normal line of the second semi-transmissive layer 52 and the light beam reflected by the second semi-transmissive layer 52. It is preferable that the relationship between the angle and the light reflectance is defined.
- the inclination ( ⁇ , ⁇ ) of the plurality of first semi-transmissive layers 42 was set to (25 degrees, 60 degrees), and the effective visual field area of the output image was set to 78 degrees diagonally.
- BK7 reffractive index: 1.517
- the light guide material of the first light guide member 40 is used as the light guide material of the first light guide member 40.
- the light emission state in each area in the first light guide member of the optical device of Example 5 is shown in FIG. 22A, and the relationship between the reflection angle and the light reflectance is shown in FIG.
- the first light guide member 40 is divided into a plurality of areas [specifically, three areas 43, 44, 45 (first area 43, second area) from the light incident surface side. 44, the third area 45)], and shows the result of designing the first semi-transmissive layer 42 included in each area with different light reflectance.
- the exit cone R 6 is output from the entire area of the light exit surface (third surface 40C) of the first light guide member 40.
- the angular ranges reaching the pupil 21 of the observer 20 are I 1 , I 2 , respectively. , I 3 .
- outgoing light rays in the angle ranges of I 1 , I 2 , and I 3 are reflected at a predetermined angle in the first semi-transmissive layer 42 and emitted from the first light guide member 40. That is, the reflection angle formed by the outgoing light beam in the angle range I 1 is 39 to 55 degrees with the normal line of the first semi-transmissive layer 42, and the outgoing light beam in the angle range I 2 is the normal line of the first semi-transmissive layer 42.
- the reflection angle formed is 23 ° to 45 °
- the reflection angle of outgoing light angle range I 3 makes with the normal line of the first semi-transparent layer 42 is 10 degrees to 32 degrees.
- the light reflectance of the first semi-transmissive layer 42 existing in the three areas 43, 44, and 45 is converted into only the angle component incident on the pupil 21 of the observer 20. It was designed based on the angle dependence so that it was reflected and taken out, and other angle components were transmitted.
- the first semi-transmissive layer 42 of the area 43 with the light reflectance 43 ′ having angle dependency, the light beam corresponding to the angle range I 1 can be efficiently extracted and correspond to the angle ranges I 2 and I 3 .
- loss can be reduced and high light guide efficiency can be obtained.
- the first semi-transmissive layer 42 in the area 44 with the light reflectivity 44 ′ having angle dependency by providing the first semi-transmissive layer 42 in the area 44 with the light reflectivity 44 ′ having angle dependency, light rays corresponding to the angle range I 2 can be efficiently extracted, and corresponding to the angle range I 3 .
- the light beam corresponding to the angle range I 3 can be efficiently extracted.
- the light reflectivity 43 ', 44', 45 'of the first semi-transmissive layer 42 located in the areas 43, 44, 45 has an angle dependency, and the rear area has a higher light reflectivity. Design to be. This is to correct the intensity attenuation that occurs every time the signal light beam propagating through the first light guide member 40 passes through the first semi-transmissive layer 42. As a result, the signal light beam is uniform over the entire effective visual field region. Luminance can be realized and light guide efficiency can be increased.
- the optical device, the image display device, and the display device of the present disclosure have been described based on the preferred embodiments. However, the optical device, the image display device, and the display device of the present disclosure are not limited to these embodiments.
- the enlargement direction of the exit pupil is not limited to the direction shown in FIGS. 1 and 13, and may be any direction in which the image enlargement directions by the first light guide member and the second light guide member are orthogonal to each other.
- the optical device 30 may further include a diopter correction lens. That is, even if the diopter correction lens 22 corresponding to the diopter of the observer 20 is arranged in the optical path from the optical device 30 to the pupil 21 of the observer 20 as shown in a schematic cross-sectional view in FIG. 11C. Good.
- the output image from the optical device is projected at infinity in principle. Therefore, in order to observe the output image with high resolution, the diopter correction lens 22 corresponding to the diopter of the observer 20 may be inserted into the optical path from the second light guide member 50 to the pupil 21 of the observer 20.
- FIG. 11D a schematic diagram of a modification of the display device of Example 1 viewed from the side, the light control device 23 described above is provided on the viewer side or the viewer side of the optical device 30. May be provided.
- this indication can also take the following structures.
- ⁇ Optical device >> A first surface, a second surface, a third surface facing the first surface, a fourth surface facing the second surface, a fifth surface, and a sixth surface facing the fifth surface;
- a first light guide member comprising one deflection means, and A seventh surface, an eighth surface, a ninth surface facing the seventh surface, a tenth surface facing the eighth surface, an eleventh surface, and a twelfth surface facing the eleventh surface;
- a second light guide member comprising two deflection means,
- An optical device comprising: The first surface and the third surface are parallel, The second surface and the fourth surface are parallel and orthogonal to the first surface and the third surface, The seventh surface and the ninth surface are parallel to the XY plane in the XYZ orthogonal coordinate system, The light incident from the fifth surface is totally reflected inside the first light guide member, is deflected by the first deflecting means, is emitted from the third surface, and is incident on the eighth surface
- the first deflecting means includes a plurality of first semi-transmissive layers spaced apart and arranged in parallel, When the angle formed with the X axis when the normal line of the first semi-transmissive layer is projected onto the XZ plane is ⁇ , the value of ⁇ is a value exceeding 0 degrees.
- the first light guide member is provided with a semi-transmissive mirror film disposed in parallel with the first surface and the third surface, or disposed in parallel with the second surface and the fourth surface. Or a semi-transparent mirror film disposed parallel to the first and third surfaces and a semi-transparent film disposed parallel to the second and fourth surfaces.
- the optical device according to [A01] in which a mirror film is provided.
- the semi-transmissive mirror film disposed in the first light guide member in parallel with the first surface and the third surface is disposed in a part of a region located at the same distance from the first surface and the third surface.
- the semi-transmissive mirror film disposed on the first light guide member in parallel with the first surface and the third surface is disposed in a partial region on the first surface or a partial region on the third surface.
- the semi-transmissive mirror film disposed in the first light guide member in parallel with the second surface and the fourth surface is disposed in a part of the region located at the same distance from the second surface and the fourth surface.
- the semi-transmissive mirror film disposed on the first light guide member in parallel with the second surface and the fourth surface is disposed in a partial region on the second surface or a partial region on the fourth surface.
- the second light guide member includes a semi-transmissive mirror film disposed in parallel with the seventh surface and the ninth surface, according to any one of [A01] to [A06].
- Optical device. [A08] The semi-transmissive mirror film disposed in the second light guide member in parallel with the seventh surface and the ninth surface is disposed in a part of the region located at the same distance from the seventh surface and the ninth surface. The optical device according to [A07].
- the semi-transmissive mirror film disposed on the second light guide member in parallel with the seventh surface and the ninth surface is arranged in a partial region on the seventh surface or a partial region on the ninth surface.
- a cross-sectional area / enlarged portion for enlarging the cross-sectional area of light incident on the fifth surface is arranged.
- [A12] The optical device according to [A10], in which the cross-sectional area / enlargement portion includes the fifth surface of the prism-shaped first light guide member.
- the first semi-transmissive layer is made of a dielectric multilayer film
- the first semi-transmissive layer located far from the fifth surface is the first semi-transmissive layer located near the fifth surface.
- the first semi-transmissive layer has an angle (reflection angle) formed between the normal line of the first semi-transmissive layer and the light beam reflected by the first semi-transmissive layer, depending on the distance from the fifth surface.
- the optical device according to any one of [A01] to [A20], wherein a relationship with light reflectance is defined.
- the second deflecting means includes a plurality of second semi-transmissive layers spaced apart in parallel, Depending on the distance from the eighth surface, the second semi-transmissive layer has an angle (reflection angle) between the normal line of the second semi-transmissive layer and the light beam reflected by the second semi-transmissive layer and the light reflectance.
- [A23] 20 (degrees) ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 30 (degrees) 55 (degrees) ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 65 (degrees) The optical device according to any one of [A01] to [A22], wherein: [A24] The optical device according to any one of [A01] to [A23], wherein the third surface and the eighth surface are parallel.
- [A25] The optical device according to any one of [A01] to [A24], in which an air layer exists between the third surface and the eighth surface.
- [A28] The optical device according to any one of [A01] to [A27], wherein at least one of the seventh surface and the ninth surface of the second light guide member is entirely covered with a protective member.
- [A30] Light enters the fifth surface of the first light guide member via the optical system; Any one of [A01] to [A29] at the position of the fifth surface of the first light guide member corresponding to the position of the exit pupil of the optical system and the exit pupil diameter covering the entire area of the fifth surface.
- Image display device comprising an image forming device and an optical device, The optical device A first surface, a second surface, a third surface facing the first surface, a fourth surface facing the second surface, a fifth surface, and a sixth surface facing the fifth surface; A first light guide member comprising one deflection means, and A seventh surface, an eighth surface, a ninth surface facing the seventh surface, a tenth surface facing the eighth surface, an eleventh surface, and a twelfth surface facing the eleventh surface; A second light guide member comprising two deflection means, An optical device comprising: The first surface and the third surface are parallel, The second surface and the fourth surface are parallel and orthogonal to the first surface and the third surface, The seventh surface and the ninth surface are parallel to the XY plane in the XYZ orthogonal coordinate system, The light incident from the fifth surface is totally reflected inside the first light guide member, is deflected by the first deflecting means, is emitted from the third surface, and
- the first deflecting means includes a plurality of first semi-transmissive layers spaced apart and arranged in parallel, When the angle formed with the X axis when the normal line of the first semi-transmissive layer is projected onto the XZ plane is ⁇ , the value of ⁇ is a value exceeding 0 degrees.
- An image display device in which ⁇ is a value exceeding 0 degree, where ⁇ is an angle formed with the X axis when the normal line of the first semi-transmissive layer is projected onto the XY plane.
- Image display device second aspect >> An image display apparatus comprising an image forming apparatus and the optical apparatus according to any one of [A01] to [A31].
- a display device comprising: The image display device includes an image forming device and an optical device, The optical device A first surface, a second surface, a third surface facing the first surface, a fourth surface facing the second surface, a fifth surface, and a sixth surface facing the fifth surface; A first light guide member comprising one deflection means, and A seventh surface, an eighth surface, a ninth surface facing the seventh surface, a tenth surface facing the eighth surface, an eleventh surface, and a twelfth surface facing the eleventh surface; A second light guide member comprising two deflection means, An optical device comprising: The first surface and the third surface are parallel, The second surface and the fourth surface are parallel and orthogonal to the first surface and the third surface, The
- the first deflecting means includes a plurality of first semi-transmissive layers spaced apart and arranged in parallel, When the angle formed with the X axis when the normal line of the first semi-transmissive layer is projected onto the XZ plane is ⁇ , the value of ⁇ is a value exceeding 0 degrees.
- Display device second aspect >> A frame attached to the observer's head; and An image display device attached to the frame, A display device comprising: The image display device includes an image forming device and the optical device according to any one of [A01] to [A31].
- first light guide member 3rd surface, 40D ... 4th surface of 1st light guide member, 40E ... 5th surface of 1st light guide member, 40F ... 1st light guide member
- 2nd deflection means, 52 ... 2nd semi-transmissive 60, 60A, 60B, 60C ... image forming apparatus, 61 ... lens system (optical system, parallel light emitting optical system, collimating optical system), 62 ... spatial light modulator, 63 ... Light source, 64 ... Liquid crystal display (LCD), 65 ... Polarizing beam splitter, 66 ... Light source, 67 ... Lens, 68 ... Reflector, 69.
- - scanning means 71,72,73,75 ... semi-transparent mirror film, 74, 76 ... protective member, 80 ... cross-sectional area and expansion unit, 81 ... light shielding unit, R 0 ...
- R '0 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ light is limited by the width of the entrance surface the light beam width is emitted from the third surface of the R 1 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ first light guide member rays, light rays emitted from the seventh surface of R 2 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ second light guide member, R U1, R U2, R D, R U2, R 3, R 4, ⁇ light, R 5 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ Incident cone, R 6 , R 6-43 , R 6-44 , R 6-45 ... Exit cone
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Abstract
Description
第1面、第2面、第1面と対向した第3面、第2面と対向した第4面、第5面、及び、第5面と対向した第6面を有し、内部に第1偏向手段を備えた第1導光部材、並びに、
第7面、第8面、第7面と対向した第9面、第8面と対向した第10面、第11面、及び、第11面と対向した第12面を有し、内部に第2偏向手段を備えた第2導光部材、
を備えており、
第1面及び第3面は平行であり、
第2面及び第4面は平行であり、且つ、第1面及び第3面と直交しており、
第7面及び第9面は、XYZ直交座標系におけるXY平面と平行であり、
第5面から入射した光は、第1導光部材の内部を全反射し、第1偏向手段によって偏向され、第3面から出射され、第3面と離間して配置された第8面に入射し、第7面と第9面との間で全反射され、第2偏向手段によって偏向され、第7面から出射され、
第1偏向手段は、複数の第1半透過層が離間して平行に配設されて成り、
第1半透過層の法線をXZ平面に射影したときのX軸と成す角度をαとしたとき、αの値は0度を超える値であり、
第1半透過層の法線をXY平面に射影したときのX軸と成す角度をβとしたとき、βの値は0度を超える値である。
観察者の頭部に装着されるフレーム、及び、
フレームに取り付けられた画像表示装置、
を備えており、
画像表示装置は、画像形成装置及び光学装置を備えており、
光学装置は、上記の本開示の光学装置から成り、あるいは又、表示装置は、
観察者の頭部に装着されるフレーム、及び、
フレームに取り付けられた画像表示装置、
を備えており、
画像表示装置は、画像形成装置及び上記の本開示の光学装置を備えている。
1.本開示の光学装置、本開示の第1の態様~第2の態様に係る画像表示装置、本開示の第1の態様~第2の態様に係る表示装置、全般に関する説明
2.実施例1(本開示の光学装置、本開示の第1の態様~第2の態様に係る画像表示装置、本開示の第1の態様~第2の態様に係る表示装置)
3.実施例2(実施例1の変形)
4.実施例3(実施例1~実施例2の変形)
5.実施例4(実施例1~実施例3の変形)
6.実施例5(実施例1~実施例4の変形)
7.その他
第1面及び第3面と平行に配設された半透過ミラー膜が配設されており、又は、
第2面及び第4面と平行に配設された半透過ミラー膜が配設されており、又は、
第1面及び第3面と平行に配設された半透過ミラー膜及び第2面及び第4面と平行に配設された半透過ミラー膜が配設されている構成とすることができる。そして、この場合、第1導光部材の内部に第1面及び第3面と平行に配設された半透過ミラー膜は、第1面及び第3面と等距離に位置する領域の一部に配設されている構成とすることができる。あるいは又、第1導光部材に第1面及び第3面と平行に配設された半透過ミラー膜は、第1面上の一部の領域又は第3面上の一部の領域に配設されている構成とすることができる。あるいは又、第1導光部材の内部に第2面及び第4面と平行に配設された半透過ミラー膜は、第2面及び第4面と等距離に位置する領域の一部に配設されている構成とすることができる。あるいは又、第1導光部材に第2面及び第4面と平行に配設された半透過ミラー膜は、第2面上の一部の領域又は第4面上の一部の領域に配設されている構成とすることができる。そして、このように、第1導光部材に半透過ミラー膜を配設することで、第1導光部材の第3面から出射される画像にムラ(明暗あるいは濃淡)が生じることを防止することができる。半透過ミラー膜を、第1面上の一部の領域又は第3面上の一部の領域に配設する場合、あるいは又、第2面上の一部の領域又は第4面上の一部の領域に配設する場合、第1導光部材と接していない半透過ミラー膜の面上には保護部材が配設されていることが好ましい。保護部材は、後述する導光部材を構成する材料から、適宜、選択すればよい。尚、半透過ミラー膜を配設する場合であっても、半透過ミラー膜を配設しない場合であっても、第1導光部材の第1面、第2面、第3面及び第4面の少なくとも1面、全体は、保護部材によって被覆されていることが好ましい。
20(度)≦α≦30(度)
55(度)≦β≦65(度)
を満足することが好ましい。
第1基板、
第1基板と対向する第2基板、
第2基板と対向する第1基板の対向面に設けられた第1透明電極、
第1基板と対向する第2基板の対向面に設けられた第2透明電極、及び、
第1透明電極と第2透明電極とによって挟まれた調光層、
から成る形態とすることができる。尚、調光装置の動作時、調光装置の動作時、例えば、第1透明電極には第2透明電極よりも高い電圧が印加される。
(光透過率)=1-(遮光率)
の関係にある。
第1面40A、第2面40B、第1面40Aと対向した第3面40C、第2面40Bと対向した第4面40D、第5面40E、及び、第5面40Eと対向した第6面40Fを有し、内部に第1偏向手段41を備えた第1導光部材40、並びに、
第7面50A、第8面50B、第7面50Aと対向した第9面50C、第8面50Bと対向した第10面50D、第11面50E、及び、第11面50Eと対向した第12面50Fを有し、内部に第2偏向手段51を備えた第2導光部材50、
を備えている。そして、
第1面40A及び第3面40Cは平行であり、
第2面40B及び第4面40Dは平行であり、且つ、第1面40A及び第3面40Cと直交しており、
第7面50A及び第9面50Cは、XYZ直交座標系におけるXY平面と平行であり、
第5面40Eから入射した光(白抜きの矢印R及び黒矢印Lで示す場合がある)は、第1導光部材40の内部を全反射し、第1偏向手段41によって偏向され、第3面40Cから出射され、第3面40Cと離間して配置された第8面50Bに入射し、第7面50Aと第9面50Cとの間で全反射され、第2偏向手段51によって偏向され、第7面50Aから出射され、
第1偏向手段41は、複数の第1半透過層42が離間して平行に配設されて成り、
第1半透過層42の法線をXZ平面に射影したときのX軸と成す角度をαとしたとき、αの値は0度を超える値であり、
第1半透過層42の法線をXY平面に射影したときのX軸と成す角度をβとしたとき、βの値は0度を超える値である。
観察者20の頭部に装着されるフレーム10(例えば、眼鏡型のフレーム10)、及び、
フレーム10に取り付けられた画像表示装置、
を備えており、
画像表示装置は、画像形成装置60及び光学装置を備えており、
光学装置は、実施例1の光学装置30から成る。
20(度)≦α≦30(度)
55(度)≦β≦65(度)
を満足することが好ましいことが判る。
図8の(A) 1.487 25度 60度
図8の(B) 1.487 25度 65度
図8の(C) 1.517 25度 60度
図8の(D) 1.517 25度 65度
図8の(E) 1.607 25度 60度
図8の(F) 1.607 25度 65度
L1=(1-r)・T・tan(γ)
L2=(1-r)・T・tan・(θs)
となる。従って、
Lmax=L1+L2=(1-r)・T・{tan(γ)+tan・(θs)}
となる。
第1面40A及び第3面40Cと平行に配設された半透過ミラー膜72が配設されており(図17C参照)、又は、
第2面40B及び第4面40Dと平行に配設された半透過ミラー膜71が配設されており(図17B参照)、又は、
第1面40A及び第3面40Cと平行に配設された半透過ミラー膜72及び第2面40B及び第4面40Dと平行に配設された半透過ミラー膜71が配設されている(図17A参照)。
[A01]《光学装置》
第1面、第2面、第1面と対向した第3面、第2面と対向した第4面、第5面、及び、第5面と対向した第6面を有し、内部に第1偏向手段を備えた第1導光部材、並びに、
第7面、第8面、第7面と対向した第9面、第8面と対向した第10面、第11面、及び、第11面と対向した第12面を有し、内部に第2偏向手段を備えた第2導光部材、
を備えた光学装置であって、
第1面及び第3面は平行であり、
第2面及び第4面は平行であり、且つ、第1面及び第3面と直交しており、
第7面及び第9面は、XYZ直交座標系におけるXY平面と平行であり、
第5面から入射した光は、第1導光部材の内部を全反射し、第1偏向手段によって偏向され、第3面から出射され、第3面と離間して配置された第8面に入射し、第7面と第9面との間で全反射され、第2偏向手段によって偏向され、第7面から出射され、
第1偏向手段は、複数の第1半透過層が離間して平行に配設されて成り、
第1半透過層の法線をXZ平面に射影したときのX軸と成す角度をαとしたとき、αの値は0度を超える値であり、
第1半透過層の法線をXY平面に射影したときのX軸と成す角度をβとしたとき、βの値は0度を超える値である光学装置。
[A02]第1導光部材には、第1面及び第3面と平行に配設された半透過ミラー膜が配設されており、又は、第2面及び第4面と平行に配設された半透過ミラー膜が配設されており、又は、第1面及び第3面と平行に配設された半透過ミラー膜及び第2面及び第4面と平行に配設された半透過ミラー膜が配設されている[A01]に記載の光学装置。
[A03]第1導光部材の内部に第1面及び第3面と平行に配設された半透過ミラー膜は、第1面及び第3面と等距離に位置する領域の一部に配設されている[A02]に記載の光学装置。
[A04]第1導光部材に第1面及び第3面と平行に配設された半透過ミラー膜は、第1面上の一部の領域又は第3面上の一部の領域に配設されている[A02]に記載の光学装置。
[A05]第1導光部材の内部に第2面及び第4面と平行に配設された半透過ミラー膜は、第2面及び第4面と等距離に位置する領域の一部に配設されている[A02]に記載の光学装置。
[A06]第1導光部材に第2面及び第4面と平行に配設された半透過ミラー膜は、第2面上の一部の領域又は第4面上の一部の領域に配設されている[A02]に記載の光学装置。
[A07]第2導光部材には、第7面及び第9面と平行に配設された半透過ミラー膜が配設されている[A01]乃至[A06]のいずれか1項に記載の光学装置。
[A08]第2導光部材の内部に第7面及び第9面と平行に配設された半透過ミラー膜は、第7面及び第9面と等距離に位置する領域の一部に配設されている[A07]に記載の光学装置。
[A09]第2導光部材に第7面及び第9面と平行に配設された半透過ミラー膜は、第7面上の一部の領域又は第9面上の一部の領域に配設されている[A07]に記載の光学装置。
[A10]第1導光部材において、第5面の近傍には、第5面に入射する光の断面積を拡大させる断面積・拡大部が配設されている[A01]乃至[A09]のいずれか1項に記載の光学装置。
[A11]断面積・拡大部は、第1導光部材の第5面の近傍にプリズム部材を組み込むことで構成されている[A10]に記載の光学装置。
[A12]断面積・拡大部は、プリズム状の第1導光部材の第5面から成る[A10]に記載の光学装置。
[A13]断面積・拡大部の光入射面の傾斜角の値は、第1導光部材の第5面の傾斜角の値よりも小さい[A10]に記載の光学装置。
[A14]第2導光部材において、第8面の近傍には、第8面に入射する光の断面積を拡大させる第2断面積・拡大部が配設されている[A01]乃至[A10]のいずれか1項に記載の光学装置。
[A15]第2断面積・拡大部は、第2導光部材の第9面の近傍にプリズム部材を組み込むことで構成されている[A14]に記載の光学装置。
[A16]第2断面積・拡大部は、プリズム状の第2導光部材の第8面から成る[A14]に記載の光学装置。
[A17]第2断面積・拡大部の光入射面の傾斜角の値は、第2導光部材の第8面の傾斜角の値よりも小さい[A14]に記載の光学装置。
[A18]第2偏向手段は、複数の第2半透過層が離間して平行に配設されて成る[A01]乃至[A17]のいずれか1項に記載の光学装置。
[A19]第1半透過層は誘電体多層膜から成り、
第2半透過層は誘電体多層膜から成る[A18]に記載の光学装置。
[A20]第1偏向手段を構成する複数の第1半透過層にあっては、第5面から遠い所に位置する第1半透過層は、第5面から近い所に位置する第1半透過層よりも高い光反射率を有する[A01]乃至[A19]のいずれか1項に記載の光学装置。
[A21]第1半透過層は、第5面からの距離に依存して、第1半透過層の法線と、第1半透過層によって反射される光線との成す角度(反射角)と光反射率との関係が規定されている[A01]乃至[A20]のいずれか1項に記載の光学装置。
[A22]第2偏向手段は、複数の第2半透過層が離間して平行に配設されて成り、
第2半透過層は、第8面からの距離に依存して、第2半透過層の法線と、第2半透過層によって反射される光線との成す角度(反射角)と光反射率との関係が規定されている[A01]乃至[A21]のいずれか1項に記載の光学装置。
[A23]20(度)≦α≦30(度)
55(度)≦β≦65(度)
を満足する[A01]乃至[A22]のいずれか1項に記載の光学装置。
[A24]第3面と第8面とは平行である[A01]乃至[A23]のいずれか1項に記載の光学装置。
[A25]第3面と第8面との間には空気層が存在する[A01]乃至[A24]のいずれか1項に記載の光学装置。
[A26]第3面と第8面とは接着剤を用いて接着されている[A01]乃至[A24]のいずれか1項に記載の光学装置。
[A27]第1導光部材の第1面、第2面、第3面及び第4面の少なくとも1面、全体は、保護部材によって被覆されている[A01]乃至[A26]のいずれか1項に記載の光学装置。
[A28]第2導光部材の第7面及び第9面の少なくとも1面、全体は、保護部材によって被覆されている[A01]乃至[A27]のいずれか1項に記載の光学装置。
[A29]保護部材は、導光部材を構成する材料から成る[A27]又は[A28]に記載の光学装置。
[A30]第1導光部材の第5面には光学系を介して光が入射し、
光学系の有する射出瞳の位置に相当する第1導光部材の第5面の位置にあって、射出瞳径が第5面の全域を覆っている[A01]乃至[A29]のいずれか1項に記載の光学装置。
[A31]視度補正レンズを更に備えている[A01]乃至[A30]のいずれか1項に記載の光学装置。
[B01]《画像表示装置:第1の態様》
画像形成装置及び光学装置を備えた画像表示装置であって、
光学装置は、
第1面、第2面、第1面と対向した第3面、第2面と対向した第4面、第5面、及び、第5面と対向した第6面を有し、内部に第1偏向手段を備えた第1導光部材、並びに、
第7面、第8面、第7面と対向した第9面、第8面と対向した第10面、第11面、及び、第11面と対向した第12面を有し、内部に第2偏向手段を備えた第2導光部材、
を備えた光学装置であって、
第1面及び第3面は平行であり、
第2面及び第4面は平行であり、且つ、第1面及び第3面と直交しており、
第7面及び第9面は、XYZ直交座標系におけるXY平面と平行であり、
第5面から入射した光は、第1導光部材の内部を全反射し、第1偏向手段によって偏向され、第3面から出射され、第3面と離間して配置された第8面に入射し、第7面と第9面との間で全反射され、第2偏向手段によって偏向され、第7面から出射され、
第1偏向手段は、複数の第1半透過層が離間して平行に配設されて成り、
第1半透過層の法線をXZ平面に射影したときのX軸と成す角度をαとしたとき、αの値は0度を超える値であり、
第1半透過層の法線をXY平面に射影したときのX軸と成す角度をβとしたとき、βの値は0度を超える値である画像表示装置。
[B02]《画像表示装置:第2の態様》
画像形成装置、及び、[A01]乃至[A31]のいずれか1項に記載の光学装置を備えている画像表示装置。
[C01]《表示装置:第1の態様》
観察者の頭部に装着されるフレーム、及び、
フレームに取り付けられた画像表示装置、
を備えた表示装置であって、
画像表示装置は、画像形成装置及び光学装置を備えており、
光学装置は、
第1面、第2面、第1面と対向した第3面、第2面と対向した第4面、第5面、及び、第5面と対向した第6面を有し、内部に第1偏向手段を備えた第1導光部材、並びに、
第7面、第8面、第7面と対向した第9面、第8面と対向した第10面、第11面、及び、第11面と対向した第12面を有し、内部に第2偏向手段を備えた第2導光部材、
を備えた光学装置であって、
第1面及び第3面は平行であり、
第2面及び第4面は平行であり、且つ、第1面及び第3面と直交しており、
第7面及び第9面は、XYZ直交座標系におけるXY平面と平行であり、
第5面から入射した光は、第1導光部材の内部を全反射し、第1偏向手段によって偏向され、第3面から出射され、第3面と離間して配置された第8面に入射し、第7面と第9面との間で全反射され、第2偏向手段によって偏向され、第7面から出射され、
第1偏向手段は、複数の第1半透過層が離間して平行に配設されて成り、
第1半透過層の法線をXZ平面に射影したときのX軸と成す角度をαとしたとき、αの値は0度を超える値であり、
第1半透過層の法線をXY平面に射影したときのX軸と成す角度をβとしたとき、βの値は0度を超える値である表示装置。
[C02]《表示装置:第2の態様》
観察者の頭部に装着されるフレーム、及び、
フレームに取り付けられた画像表示装置、
を備えた表示装置であって、
画像表示装置は、画像形成装置、及び、[A01]乃至[A31]のいずれか1項に記載の光学装置を備えている表示装置。
Claims (20)
- 第1面、第2面、第1面と対向した第3面、第2面と対向した第4面、第5面、及び、第5面と対向した第6面を有し、内部に第1偏向手段を備えた第1導光部材、並びに、
第7面、第8面、第7面と対向した第9面、第8面と対向した第10面、第11面、及び、第11面と対向した第12面を有し、内部に第2偏向手段を備えた第2導光部材、
を備えた光学装置であって、
第1面及び第3面は平行であり、
第2面及び第4面は平行であり、且つ、第1面及び第3面と直交しており、
第7面及び第9面は、XYZ直交座標系におけるXY平面と平行であり、
第5面から入射した光は、第1導光部材の内部を全反射し、第1偏向手段によって偏向され、第3面から出射され、第3面と離間して配置された第8面に入射し、第7面と第9面との間で全反射され、第2偏向手段によって偏向され、第7面から出射され、
第1偏向手段は、複数の第1半透過層が離間して平行に配設されて成り、
第1半透過層の法線をXZ平面に射影したときのX軸と成す角度をαとしたとき、αの値は0度を超える値であり、
第1半透過層の法線をXY平面に射影したときのX軸と成す角度をβとしたとき、βの値は0度を超える値である光学装置。 - 第1導光部材には、第1面及び第3面と平行に配設された半透過ミラー膜が配設されており、又は、第2面及び第4面と平行に配設された半透過ミラー膜が配設されており、又は、第1面及び第3面と平行に配設された半透過ミラー膜及び第2面及び第4面と平行に配設された半透過ミラー膜が配設されている請求項1に記載の光学装置。
- 第1導光部材の内部に第1面及び第3面と平行に配設された半透過ミラー膜は、第1面及び第3面と等距離に位置する領域の一部に配設されている請求項2に記載の光学装置。
- 第1導光部材に第1面及び第3面と平行に配設された半透過ミラー膜は、第1面上の一部の領域又は第3面上の一部の領域に配設されている請求項2に記載の光学装置。
- 第1導光部材の内部に第2面及び第4面と平行に配設された半透過ミラー膜は、第2面及び第4面と等距離に位置する領域の一部に配設されている請求項2に記載の光学装置。
- 第1導光部材に第2面及び第4面と平行に配設された半透過ミラー膜は、第2面上の一部の領域又は第4面上の一部の領域に配設されている請求項2に記載の光学装置。
- 第2導光部材には、第7面及び第9面と平行に配設された半透過ミラー膜が配設されている請求項1に記載の光学装置。
- 第2導光部材の内部に第7面及び第9面と平行に配設された半透過ミラー膜は、第7面及び第9面と等距離に位置する領域の一部に配設されている請求項7に記載の光学装置。
- 第2導光部材に第7面及び第9面と平行に配設された半透過ミラー膜は、第7面上の一部の領域又は第9面上の一部の領域に配設されている請求項7に記載の光学装置。
- 第1導光部材において、第5面の近傍には、第5面に入射する光の断面積を拡大させる断面積・拡大部が配設されている請求項1に記載の光学装置。
- 第2導光部材において、第8面の近傍には、第8面に入射する光の断面積を拡大させる断面積・拡大部が配設されている請求項1に記載の光学装置。
- 第2偏向手段は、複数の第2半透過層が離間して平行に配設されて成る請求項1に記載の光学装置。
- 第1半透過層は誘電体多層膜から成り、
第2半透過層は誘電体多層膜から成る請求項12に記載の光学装置。 - 第1偏向手段を構成する複数の第1半透過層にあっては、第5面から遠い所に位置する第1半透過層は、第5面から近い所に位置する第1半透過層よりも高い光反射率を有する請求項1に記載の光学装置。
- 20(度)≦α≦30(度)
55(度)≦β≦65(度)
を満足する請求項1に記載の光学装置。 - 第3面と第8面とは平行である請求項1に記載の光学装置。
- 画像形成装置及び光学装置を備えた画像表示装置であって、
光学装置は、
第1面、第2面、第1面と対向した第3面、第2面と対向した第4面、第5面、及び、第5面と対向した第6面を有し、内部に第1偏向手段を備えた第1導光部材、並びに、
第7面、第8面、第7面と対向した第9面、第8面と対向した第10面、第11面、及び、第11面と対向した第12面を有し、内部に第2偏向手段を備えた第2導光部材、
を備えた光学装置であって、
第1面及び第3面は平行であり、
第2面及び第4面は平行であり、且つ、第1面及び第3面と直交しており、
第7面及び第9面は、XYZ直交座標系におけるXY平面と平行であり、
第5面から入射した光は、第1導光部材の内部を全反射し、第1偏向手段によって偏向され、第3面から出射され、第3面と離間して配置された第8面に入射し、第7面と第9面との間で全反射され、第2偏向手段によって偏向され、第7面から出射され、
第1偏向手段は、複数の第1半透過層が離間して平行に配設されて成り、
第1半透過層の法線をXZ平面に射影したときのX軸と成す角度をαとしたとき、αの値は0度を超える値であり、
第1半透過層の法線をXY平面に射影したときのX軸と成す角度をβとしたとき、βの値は0度を超える値である画像表示装置。 - 画像形成装置、及び、請求項1乃至請求項16のいずれか1項に記載の光学装置を備えている画像表示装置。
- 観察者の頭部に装着されるフレーム、及び、
フレームに取り付けられた画像表示装置、
を備えた表示装置であって、
画像表示装置は、画像形成装置及び光学装置を備えており、
光学装置は、
第1面、第2面、第1面と対向した第3面、第2面と対向した第4面、第5面、及び、第5面と対向した第6面を有し、内部に第1偏向手段を備えた第1導光部材、並びに、
第7面、第8面、第7面と対向した第9面、第8面と対向した第10面、第11面、及び、第11面と対向した第12面を有し、内部に第2偏向手段を備えた第2導光部材、
を備えた光学装置であって、
第1面及び第3面は平行であり、
第2面及び第4面は平行であり、且つ、第1面及び第3面と直交しており、
第7面及び第9面は、XYZ直交座標系におけるXY平面と平行であり、
第5面から入射した光は、第1導光部材の内部を全反射し、第1偏向手段によって偏向され、第3面から出射され、第3面と離間して配置された第8面に入射し、第7面と第9面との間で全反射され、第2偏向手段によって偏向され、第7面から出射され、
第1偏向手段は、複数の第1半透過層が離間して平行に配設されて成り、
第1半透過層の法線をXZ平面に射影したときのX軸と成す角度をαとしたとき、αの値は0度を超える値であり、
第1半透過層の法線をXY平面に射影したときのX軸と成す角度をβとしたとき、βの値は0度を超える値である表示装置。 - 観察者の頭部に装着されるフレーム、及び、
フレームに取り付けられた画像表示装置、
を備えた表示装置であって、
画像表示装置は、画像形成装置、及び、請求項1乃至請求項16のいずれか1項に記載の光学装置を備えている表示装置。
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JP (1) | JPWO2018221026A1 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR102606084B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN110612470B (ja) |
DE (1) | DE112018002804B4 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2018221026A1 (ja) |
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KR20200014739A (ko) | 2020-02-11 |
JPWO2018221026A1 (ja) | 2020-04-02 |
CN110612470A (zh) | 2019-12-24 |
DE112018002804B4 (de) | 2022-10-20 |
CN110612470B (zh) | 2022-10-28 |
US20200150332A1 (en) | 2020-05-14 |
DE112018002804T5 (de) | 2020-03-05 |
KR102606084B1 (ko) | 2023-11-23 |
US11249237B2 (en) | 2022-02-15 |
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