WO2016084374A1 - デスミア処理方法および多層プリント配線板の製造方法 - Google Patents
デスミア処理方法および多層プリント配線板の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016084374A1 WO2016084374A1 PCT/JP2015/005867 JP2015005867W WO2016084374A1 WO 2016084374 A1 WO2016084374 A1 WO 2016084374A1 JP 2015005867 W JP2015005867 W JP 2015005867W WO 2016084374 A1 WO2016084374 A1 WO 2016084374A1
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- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PVJHFVMRMWVWAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradeca-2,7,9,11-tetraene Chemical compound CCC=CC=CC=CCCCC=CC PVJHFVMRMWVWAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012745 toughening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002525 ultrasonication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006097 ultraviolet radiation absorber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010356 wave oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/0011—Working of insulating substrates or insulating layers
- H05K3/0055—After-treatment, e.g. cleaning or desmearing of holes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/16—Removal of by-products, e.g. particles or vapours produced during treatment of a workpiece
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/36—Removing material
- B23K26/38—Removing material by boring or cutting
- B23K26/382—Removing material by boring or cutting by boring
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/0011—Working of insulating substrates or insulating layers
- H05K3/0017—Etching of the substrate by chemical or physical means
- H05K3/0026—Etching of the substrate by chemical or physical means by laser ablation
- H05K3/0032—Etching of the substrate by chemical or physical means by laser ablation of organic insulating material
- H05K3/0038—Etching of the substrate by chemical or physical means by laser ablation of organic insulating material combined with laser drilling through a metal layer
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/007—Manufacture or processing of a substrate for a printed circuit board supported by a temporary or sacrificial carrier
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits covered by H05K3/00
- H05K2203/02—Details related to mechanical or acoustic processing, e.g. drilling, punching, cutting, using ultrasound
- H05K2203/0285—Using ultrasound, e.g. for cleaning, soldering or wet treatment
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits covered by H05K3/00
- H05K2203/10—Using electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields; Using laser light
- H05K2203/107—Using laser light
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/0011—Working of insulating substrates or insulating layers
- H05K3/0017—Etching of the substrate by chemical or physical means
- H05K3/0026—Etching of the substrate by chemical or physical means by laser ablation
- H05K3/0032—Etching of the substrate by chemical or physical means by laser ablation of organic insulating material
- H05K3/0035—Etching of the substrate by chemical or physical means by laser ablation of organic insulating material of blind holes, i.e. having a metal layer at the bottom
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a desmear treatment method and a multilayer printed wiring board manufacturing method, and in particular, a desmear treatment method for removing a residue (smear) of a substrate material from a substrate, and a multilayer printed wiring board using the desmear treatment method It relates to a manufacturing method.
- multilayer printed wiring boards in which electrical insulating layers and conductor layers (wiring layers) are alternately laminated on a substrate have been used as printed wiring boards used in the manufacture of electronic devices and the like.
- a multilayer printed wiring board is formed with various vias (for example, blind vias, buried vias, through-hole vias, etc.) that electrically connect conductor layers separated from each other in the stacking direction.
- the multilayer printed wiring board having vias is formed by laminating an electrical insulating layer, laser processing or drilling on an inner substrate having an electrical insulating layer and a conductor layer formed on the surface of the electrical insulating layer, for example.
- Formation of via holes by means of, removal of smear such as resin residue generated by the formation of holes (desmear), formation of a conductor layer on the surface of the electrical insulating layer in which the hole is formed, and formation of a conductor in the hole It is formed by repeatedly performing connection between conductor layers (formation of vias).
- a desmear treatment method used when removing smear from a substrate in which holes are formed in the manufacture of a multilayer printed wiring board a smear is dissolved or decomposed using a desmear solution such as a potassium permanganate solution, ultraviolet light or plasma. Is used.
- a desmear treatment method capable of increasing smear removal efficiency by further performing ultrasonic treatment after performing treatment using a desmear liquid or ultraviolet rays for example, Patent Documents). 1 and 2).
- the present inventor has intensively studied for the purpose of improving the desmear property, but it is not possible to sufficiently increase the desmear property by simply extending the ultrasonic treatment time in the conventional desmear treatment method. It has been clarified that desmearability can be improved by increasing the desmear treatment time using ultraviolet rays or plasma.
- the present inventor has intensively studied to achieve the above object. Then, the present inventor has found that smear can be sufficiently removed while suppressing surface roughness of the substrate by performing ultrasonic treatment under predetermined conditions after the process of dissolving or decomposing smear. The present invention has been completed.
- the present invention aims to advantageously solve the above-described problems, and the desmear treatment method of the present invention is a desmear treatment method for removing smear from a substrate in which holes are formed.
- a first desmear treatment step for dissolving or decomposing a part; and a second desmear treatment step for ultrasonically treating the substrate after the first desmear treatment step.
- the second desmear treatment step During the ultrasonic treatment, at least one of changing an ultrasonic frequency and relatively moving an ultrasonic oscillation source and the substrate in two or more directions is performed. .
- the frequency of the ultrasonic wave irradiated during the ultrasonic treatment is in a range of 15 kHz to 200 kHz. This is because the desmear property can be further enhanced if the frequency of the ultrasonic wave is within a range of 15 kHz to 200 kHz.
- the distance D for relatively moving the oscillation source and the substrate has a relational expression: ⁇ sonic velocity / (ultrasonic frequency ⁇ 2) ⁇ / 4 ⁇ D ⁇ 150 ⁇ ⁇ It is preferable to satisfy the speed of sound / (frequency of ultrasonic waves ⁇ 2) ⁇ . This is because if the oscillation source and the substrate are relatively moved so as to satisfy the above relational expression, the desmear property can be further enhanced while the oscillation source and the substrate are easily relatively moved.
- “sound speed” refers to the speed of sound under a condition in which ultrasonic waves are applied to the substrate.
- the substrate when the substrate is irradiated with ultrasonic waves in water, it refers to the speed of sound in water.
- the ultrasonic oscillation source and the substrate when the ultrasonic oscillation source and the substrate are relatively moved in two or more directions, the distance by which the oscillation source and the substrate are relatively moved in one or more directions is expressed by the above relational expression. Just fill it.
- the first desmear treatment step it is preferable to dissolve or decompose the smear using at least one selected from the group consisting of desmear liquid, plasma, and light. This is because smear can be easily and efficiently removed by using at least one selected from the group consisting of desmear liquid, plasma, and light.
- the substrate has an electrical insulating layer in which the hole is formed, and the electrical insulating layer is made of a cured product having a dielectric loss tangent of 0.005 or less at a frequency of 5 GHz.
- the electrical insulating layer is made of a cured product having a dielectric loss tangent of 0.005 or less at a frequency of 5 GHz.
- a high-performance multilayer printed wiring board capable of suppressing transmission loss of electric signals can be manufactured by forming an electrical insulating layer using a cured product having a dielectric loss tangent at a frequency of 5 GHz of 0.005 or less.
- dielectric loss tangent at a frequency of 5 GHz can be measured by using a cavity resonator perturbation method.
- the electric insulation layer in which the hole was formed is formed using the curable resin composition containing an epoxy resin and an active ester compound. Is preferred. And it is more preferable that the said curable resin composition used for formation of an electrical insulating layer further contains a polyphenylene ether compound. Furthermore, it is preferable that the said electrical insulation layer has a layer containing 50 mass% or more of inorganic fillers.
- the substrate has an electrical insulating layer and a support in which the holes are formed, and the support is provided on a surface of the electrical insulating layer to cover the surface of the substrate. It is preferable to configure. This is because when the substrate has a support, it is possible to further prevent the surface of the electrical insulating layer from becoming rough when removing smear in the first desmear treatment step.
- the support has ultraviolet absorptivity. This is because when the support has ultraviolet absorptivity, formation of holes using an excimer laser, a UV laser, a UV-YAG laser or the like is facilitated.
- “having ultraviolet absorptivity” means that the light transmittance at a wavelength of 355 nm measured by an ultraviolet visible absorptiometer is 20% or less.
- the manufacturing method of the multilayer printed wiring board of this invention is a manufacturing method of the multilayer printed wiring board which has a via
- a step of forming a via hole in the substrate having the laminated electrical insulating layer and conductor layer and a step of removing smear generated when the hole is formed by using any one of the above desmear treatment methods; It is characterized by including.
- the desmear processing method which can fully remove a smear can be provided, suppressing the roughness of the surface of a board
- the manufacturing method of the multilayer printed wiring board which can manufacture a high performance multilayer printed wiring board can be provided, removing a smear enough.
- the desmear treatment method of the present invention can be used, for example, when removing smear generated when holes are formed in a substrate made of a laminate having alternately laminated electrical insulating layers and conductor layers.
- the desmear processing method of this invention can be used suitably when manufacturing the multilayer printed wiring board which has a via
- the formation of the electrical insulating layer on the inner layer substrate obtained by sequentially laminating the electrical insulating layer and the conductor layer on the base material A multilayer printed wiring board in which a desired number of electrical insulation layers and conductor layers are alternately laminated is manufactured by repeatedly forming a conductor layer on the substrate.
- a step of forming a via hole, a step of removing smear generated when forming the hole, and a step of forming a conductor in the hole is performed at least once to provide vias such as blind vias, buried vias, and through-hole vias on the multilayer printed wiring board.
- An example of the method for producing a multilayer printed wiring board according to the present invention is characterized by using the desmear treatment method according to the present invention, which will be described in detail later, when smear is removed in the via formation step.
- the base material on which the electrical insulating layer and the conductor layer are laminated is not particularly limited, and a known base material used in the production of multilayer printed wiring boards can be used.
- the base material include an electrically insulating substrate, a printed wiring board, and a printed circuit board.
- the electrically insulating substrate is, for example, alicyclic olefin polymer, epoxy compound, maleimide resin, acrylic resin, methacrylic resin, diallyl phthalate resin, triazine resin, polyphenylene ether resin, polyimide resin, wholly aromatic polyester resin, glass. It can be formed by curing a resin composition containing an electrically insulating material such as.
- curing curable resin composition is mentioned, for example.
- the electrical insulating layer include an insulating resin layer having a single-layer structure or a multilayer structure obtained by curing a single-layer or multilayer curable resin composition layer formed using a curable resin composition. It is done.
- the electrical insulating layer is preferably formed using a cured product having a dielectric loss tangent of 0.005 or less at a frequency of 5 GHz.
- the dielectric loss tangent of the cured product can be adjusted, for example, by changing the composition of the curable resin composition. For example, the number of polar groups contained in the resin contained in the curable resin composition can be reduced. In this case, the dielectric loss tangent of the cured product can be lowered.
- an electrical insulation layer on a layered product such as a laminate formed by alternately laminating an electrical insulation layer and a conductor layer on the inner layer substrate or the inner layer substrate
- a method of forming an electrical insulation layer on a layered product such as a laminate formed by alternately laminating an electrical insulation layer and a conductor layer on the inner layer substrate or the inner layer substrate
- the curable resin composition layer on the support After forming the curable resin composition layer on the support, the obtained curable resin composition layer with a support is laminated on the laminate so that the curable resin composition layer is located on the laminate side.
- a method of curing the laminated curable resin composition layer using a means such as heating can be used.
- the support can be peeled off at any timing after the curable resin composition layer with the support is laminated on the laminate, but a via hole is formed in the formed electrical insulating layer.
- the via hole is formed and then peeled off at an appropriate timing according to the smear removing method.
- the support is preferably peeled at an arbitrary timing after the first desmear treatment step.
- the support is preferably peeled off before the first desmear treatment step.
- the surface of the electrical insulating layer may be roughened by the desmear treatment at the time of removing the smear if peeling is performed after forming the via hole and removing the smear. This is because it can be sufficiently suppressed. That is, the support can function as a protective film for the electrical insulating layer during the desmear treatment.
- the support is not particularly limited, and a member such as a film or a plate can be used.
- a film or plate made of a polymer compound such as polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene, polyethylene, polycarbonate, polyethylene naphthalate, polyarylate, nylon, polytetrafluoroethylene, glass substrate, etc. Is mentioned.
- a polyethylene terephthalate film it is preferable to use a polyethylene terephthalate film as the support.
- the support is preferably subjected to a release treatment such as formation of a release layer on the surface.
- the support when the via hole is formed before the support is peeled off and laser processing is used for forming the hole, the support preferably has ultraviolet absorptivity. This is because if the support has ultraviolet absorptivity, laser processing using an excimer laser, a UV laser, a UV-YAG laser or the like becomes easy. Furthermore, if the support has ultraviolet absorptivity, when the desmear treatment is performed using ultraviolet rays after forming the holes, the support absorbs the ultraviolet rays and the surface of the electrical insulating layer is roughened. This is because it can be sufficiently suppressed.
- the curable resin composition for forming the curable resin composition layer is not particularly limited, and a known thermosetting resin composition used in the production of multilayer printed wiring boards is used. Can do.
- a curable resin composition containing a curable resin and a curing agent and optionally further containing a filler or a polyphenylene ether compound can be used.
- the curable resin is not particularly limited as long as it shows thermosetting by combining with a curing agent and has electrical insulation, but for example, epoxy resin, maleimide resin, acrylic resin, methacrylic resin , Diallyl phthalate resin, triazine resin, alicyclic olefin polymer, aromatic polyether polymer, benzocyclobutene polymer, cyanate ester polymer, polyimide and the like.
- epoxy resin maleimide resin
- acrylic resin methacrylic resin
- Diallyl phthalate resin diallyl phthalate resin
- triazine resin alicyclic olefin polymer
- aromatic polyether polymer aromatic polyether polymer
- benzocyclobutene polymer cyanate ester polymer
- polyimide polyimide and the like.
- curable resin an alicyclic olefin polymer which has an epoxy resin and a polar group is preferable. These resins are used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the epoxy resin preferably includes a polyphenyl epoxy compound having a biphenyl structure and / or a condensed polycyclic structure, and a polyvalent epoxy compound having a biphenyl structure and / or a condensed polycyclic structure and a polyvalent epoxy compound having a valence of 3 or more.
- a mixture of a valent glycidyl group-containing epoxy compound (excluding those corresponding to a polyvalent epoxy compound having a biphenyl structure and / or a condensed polycyclic structure) and a triazine structure-containing phenol resin is more preferred.
- the alicyclic olefin polymer having a polar group has a cycloalkane structure, and the polar group includes alcoholic hydroxyl group, phenolic hydroxyl group, carboxyl group, alkoxyl group, epoxy group, glycidyl group, oxycarbonyl group.
- a polymer having at least one functional group selected from the group consisting of carbonyl group, amino group, carboxylic acid anhydride group, sulfonic acid group and phosphoric acid group is preferred.
- an electrically insulating layer comprising an insulating resin layer having a multilayer structure by curing a multilayer curable resin composition layer formed on a support, an alicyclic olefin polymer having a polar group is cured.
- an electric insulating layer is formed by disposing a curable resin composition layer formed using a curable resin composition containing an alicyclic olefin polymer having a polar group as a curable resin on the support side, the electric insulating layer This is because the adhesiveness with the conductor layer formed thereon can be enhanced.
- the curing agent a known compound that can react with the curable resin by heating to cure the curable resin composition can be used.
- the curable resin is, for example, an epoxy resin
- the curing agent is not particularly limited, and an active ester compound, preferably an active ester compound having at least two active ester groups in the molecule. Can be used.
- the curable resin is an alicyclic olefin polymer having a polar group
- the curing agent is not particularly limited and reacts with the polar group of the alicyclic olefin polymer having a polar group.
- a compound having two or more functional groups capable of forming a bond can be used.
- the active ester compound is preferably an active ester compound obtained by reacting a carboxylic acid compound and / or a thiocarboxylic acid compound with a hydroxy compound and / or a thiol compound.
- the carboxylic acid compound, the phenol compound, and the naphthol are preferable. More preferred is an active ester compound obtained by reacting one or more selected from the group consisting of a compound and a thiol compound, and reacting a carboxylic acid compound with an aromatic compound having a phenolic hydroxyl group. More preferred are aromatic compounds obtained from those having at least two active ester groups in the molecule.
- Examples of the compound having two or more functional groups capable of reacting with a polar group to form a bond include, for example, a polyvalent epoxy compound, a polyvalent isocyanate compound, a polyvalent amine compound, a polyvalent hydrazide compound, and aziridine.
- Examples thereof include compounds, basic metal oxides, and organic metal halides. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Moreover, you may use as a hardening
- any of known inorganic fillers and organic fillers capable of reducing the linear expansion coefficient of the electrical insulating layer can be used, but inorganic fillers are preferably used.
- specific examples of inorganic fillers include calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, barium carbonate, zinc oxide, titanium oxide, magnesium oxide, magnesium silicate, calcium silicate, zirconium silicate, hydrated alumina, magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide , Barium sulfate, silica, talc, clay and the like.
- the filler to be used may have been surface-treated with a silane coupling agent or the like in advance.
- content of the filler in curable resin composition is 50 mass% or more in conversion of solid content.
- the multilayer curable resin composition layer When the multilayer curable resin composition layer is cured to form an electrical insulating layer comprising an insulating resin layer having a multilayer structure, at least one of the multilayer curable resin composition layers contains a filler as a solid component. It is preferably formed using a curable resin composition containing 50% by mass or more in terms of conversion.
- a polyphenylene ether compound may be further blended in the curable resin composition. If a polyphenylene ether compound is blended, the heat resistance of the electrical insulating layer formed using the curable resin composition can be increased and the dielectric loss tangent can be reduced.
- the curable resin composition includes a curing accelerator, a flame retardant, a flame retardant aid, a heat stabilizer, a weather stabilizer, an anti-aging agent, an ultraviolet absorber (laser processability improver), a leveling agent, and an antistatic agent.
- Known compounding agents such as an agent, slip agent, anti-blocking agent, anti-fogging agent, lubricant, dye, natural oil, synthetic oil, wax, emulsion, magnetic substance, dielectric property modifier, and toughening agent may be contained.
- a method for forming a curable resin composition layer comprising a curable resin composition on a support is not particularly limited, but a curable resin composition to which an organic solvent is added is applied to the support as desired. A method of spraying or casting and then drying is preferred.
- the curable resin composition layer the curable resin composition may be uncured or semi-cured.
- uncured means that substantially all of the curable resin is dissolved when the curable resin composition layer is immersed in a solvent capable of dissolving the curable resin used in the preparation of the curable resin composition. State.
- Semi-cured is a state in which the resin is cured halfway to the extent that it can be cured by further heating, and is preferably a curable resin in a solvent capable of dissolving the curable resin used in the preparation of the curable resin composition. Part (specifically, an amount of 7% by mass or more and an amount such that a part remains) is dissolved, or the curable resin composition layer is placed in a solvent for 24 hours. A state in which the volume after immersion is 200% or more of the volume before immersion.
- the layer containing the wiring formed with conductors such as copper and gold
- the conductor layer may include various circuits, and the configuration and thickness of wiring and circuits are not particularly limited.
- the conductor layer on an electrical insulating layer can be performed using known methods, such as a plating method.
- the conductor layer can be formed on the electrical insulation layer using, for example, a full additive method or a semi-additive method after peeling the support on the electrical insulation layer as necessary.
- via holes are formed in the stacked body on which the conductor layers are laminated, conductors are formed in the via holes simultaneously with the formation of the conductor layers, and the conductor layers are connected to each other via the vias. Are preferably electrically connected.
- the step of forming a hole for via and the step of removing smear among the via formation steps include, for example, the formation of the electrical insulating layer and the conductor layer described above. Can be carried out during the formation. Specifically, the step of forming a via hole and the step of removing smear are performed a total of n times (where n is an integer of 1 or more) on the inner layer substrate, and a total of n ⁇ It can be carried out on a substrate obtained by alternately repeating the formation of one conductor layer. In addition, the step of forming a conductor in the hole in the via formation step can be performed simultaneously with the formation of the nth conductor layer as described above.
- the formation of the via hole can be performed using a known method such as laser processing, drilling, or plasma etching.
- laser processing using a laser such as a carbon dioxide laser, excimer laser, UV laser, or UV-YAG laser is preferable. This is because if laser processing is used, fine holes can be formed without degrading the characteristics of the electrical insulating layer.
- the via hole is formed before the support is peeled from the electrical insulating layer (that is, with the support positioned on the electrical insulating layer in which the hole is formed). Also good.
- a hole having a small diameter and a high opening ratio (bottom diameter / opening diameter) is formed by forming a hole for a via before peeling the support. be able to.
- the depth of the hole to be formed can be set to a depth at which desired conductor layers can be connected to each other.
- the size of the hole to be formed can also be set to an arbitrary size.
- the smear generated when the via hole is formed is removed by using the desmear processing method of the present invention described in detail below.
- the smear may be removed before the support is peeled from the electrical insulating layer (that is, in a state where the support is positioned on the electrical insulating layer in which holes are formed).
- the desmear processing method of the present invention for example, after the first desmear processing step for dissolving or disassembling a part of the smear on the substrate in which the via hole is formed as described above, and after the first desmear processing step A smear is removed by performing a second desmear treatment step of ultrasonically treating the substrate.
- the ultrasonic frequency is changed during the ultrasonic treatment of the second desmear treatment step, and the ultrasonic oscillation source and the substrate are relatively moved in two or more directions. At least one of moving is performed.
- substrate with which the hole was formed is carried out. Smear is removed sufficiently while suppressing roughening.
- the smear can be sufficiently removed while suppressing the surface roughness of the electrical insulating layer by carrying out the first desmear treatment step and the second desmear treatment step. That is, if only a part of the smear is removed in the first desmear treatment step, it is possible to suppress the surface of the substrate subjected to the desmear treatment from being rough, as compared with a case where all of the smear is dissolved or decomposed.
- the remaining portion of the smear cannot be removed only by normal ultrasonic treatment, but if the relative movement in two or more directions between the ultrasonic frequency fluctuation and / or the ultrasonic oscillation source and the substrate is performed, Compared with the case where the substrate is sonicated under a single sonication condition, the entire substrate can be effectively sonicated, and the remaining smear can be sufficiently removed.
- first desmear treatment step a part of the smear is removed using a known treatment method capable of removing the smear from the substrate by dissolving or decomposing the smear.
- the substrate is brought into contact with a solution of an oxidizing compound such as permanganate (desmear solution), the substrate is irradiated with plasma, and the substrate is irradiated with light such as ultraviolet rays.
- a portion of the smear can be removed from the substrate using at least one method selected from the group consisting of irradiation methods.
- the substrate is brought into contact with the desmear liquid, and more preferably to use a method in which the substrate is brought into contact with the desmear liquid containing permanganate.
- the contact between the substrate and the desmear liquid is not particularly limited, such as immersion of the substrate in the desmear liquid, application of the desmear liquid to the substrate and filling of the desmear liquid in the hole formed in the substrate. This can be done using known techniques. And when immersing a board
- the plasma irradiation to the substrate is not particularly limited and can be performed using a vacuum plasma apparatus, an atmospheric pressure plasma apparatus, or the like.
- a known plasma such as a plasma using a reactive gas such as oxygen plasma, a plasma using an inert gas such as argon plasma or helium plasma, or a plasma of a mixed gas thereof is used. Can do.
- the light irradiation to the substrate is not particularly limited, and can be performed using an ultraviolet irradiation device or the like. From the viewpoint of suppressing the surface of the substrate from being roughened by the first desmear treatment, it is preferable to irradiate the substrate with ultraviolet rays before, for example, peeling the support from the electrical insulating layer.
- the desmear liquid adhering to the substrate may be removed by a known method such as water washing before the second desmear process, You may remove when a board
- the frequency of the ultrasonic wave irradiated during the ultrasonic treatment in the second desmear treatment step is preferably within a range of 15 kHz to 200 kHz, and more preferably within a range of 20 kHz to 100 kHz. This is because if the frequency of the ultrasonic wave is within the above range, smear can be effectively removed and desmearability can be enhanced.
- the time for ultrasonic treatment of the substrate in the second desmear treatment step is preferably 15 seconds or longer, more preferably 30 seconds or longer, and preferably 30 minutes or shorter. This is because if the ultrasonic treatment time is set to 15 seconds or longer, smear can be effectively removed and desmearability can be improved. In addition, if the ultrasonic treatment time is set to 30 minutes or less, the first desmear treatment step and the second desmear treatment step can be continuously performed to efficiently advance the desmear treatment.
- the second desmear processing step is performed after part of the smear is removed in the first desmear processing step, and the frequency variation of the ultrasonic wave is performed in the second desmear processing step. And / or because the relative movement of the ultrasonic oscillation source and the substrate in two or more directions is performed, the second desmear treatment process is sufficient even if a plurality of substrates are subjected to ultrasonic treatment simultaneously. Can be removed.
- the fluctuation of the frequency of the ultrasonic wave may be performed by changing the frequency stepwise (stepwise) as shown in FIG.
- the frequency may be changed continuously as shown in 1 (b).
- the frequency is increased from f 1 to f 2 at time t 1 after the start of ultrasonic processing, and further the frequency is increased from f 2 to f 3 at time t 2 .
- the frequency may be decreased stepwise, or may be increased and decreased repeatedly.
- count which changes a frequency can also be made into arbitrary frequency
- the frequency of the ultrasonic wave is changed in a sine wave shape between the frequency f 4 and the frequency f 5 , but the frequency is changed in an arbitrary shape such as a linear shape or a zigzag shape. Can do.
- the width for changing the frequency of the ultrasonic wave in the second desmear treatment step is 2 kHz or more and 80 kHz or less.
- the relative movement of the ultrasonic oscillation source and the substrate in two or more directions can be performed by moving at least one of the oscillation source and the substrate.
- the oscillation source and the substrate are relatively moved by fixing the position of the oscillation source and moving the substrate using a device equipped with a robot arm or an impact swing mechanism. It is preferable to make it.
- the direction in which the oscillation source and the substrate are relatively moved can be any direction as long as it is two or more directions. Specifically, for example, as shown in FIG. 2, relative movement between the oscillation source and the substrate is caused by the bottom surface of the ultrasonic treatment tank 1 and the substrate 3 in the ultrasonic treatment tank 1 having the ultrasonic oscillation source 2 at the bottom.
- Direction X parallel to the short side (left-right direction in FIG. 2)
- direction parallel to the bottom surface of the ultrasonic processing tank 1 and the thickness direction of the substrate 3 (direction orthogonal to the paper surface in FIG. 1)
- ultrasonic processing tank 1 Can be performed in any direction such as a direction Y (vertical direction in FIG. 2) perpendicular to the bottom surface, a direction Z inclined with respect to the direction X and direction Y, or a combination of these directions.
- the relative movement is preferably performed by moving the substrate a plurality of times (two or more reciprocations) in different directions by 180 ° (ie, swinging the substrate). From the standpoint of enhancing, it is more preferable that the substrate is swung in a direction (vertical direction in FIG. 2) close to and away from the oscillation source.
- the distance D for moving the oscillation source and the substrate relative to each other is expressed by the following relational expression (1): ⁇ Sonic velocity / (Ultrasonic frequency ⁇ 2) ⁇ / 4 ⁇ D ⁇ 150 ⁇ ⁇ Sonic velocity / (Ultrasonic frequency ⁇ 2) ⁇ (1)
- the following relational expression (2) is preferably satisfied: ⁇ Sonic velocity / (Ultrasonic frequency ⁇ 2) ⁇ / 3 ⁇ D ⁇ 100 ⁇ ⁇ Sonic velocity / (Ultrasonic frequency ⁇ 2) ⁇ (2) It is more preferable to satisfy.
- the distance D is set to 1/4 or more times of ⁇ sound speed / (ultrasonic frequency ⁇ 2) ⁇ , the entire substrate can be subjected to ultrasonic treatment more effectively and desmearability can be further enhanced. Moreover, if the distance D is more than 150 times ⁇ sound speed / (ultrasonic frequency ⁇ 2) ⁇ , the operation becomes complicated and the ultrasonic processing tank needs to be enlarged.
- ⁇ Dielectric loss tangent> A small piece having a width of 2.0 mm, a length of 80 mm, and a thickness of 40 ⁇ m is cut out from the film-like cured product of the curable resin composition used for forming the electrical insulating layer, and is measured at 5 GHz using a cavity resonator perturbation method dielectric constant measurement apparatus. The dielectric loss tangent was measured.
- ⁇ Desmear property> After forming the holes for vias, observe the holes located at the center and the top, bottom, left, and right of the top and bottom of the board from which the smear has been removed (10 places in total, top and bottom) with an electron microscope (magnification: 1000 times).
- A There is no resin residue in both the periphery and the center of the bottom of all observed holes.
- B Resin residue in the periphery and / or the center of 1 to 3 of the observed holes. There is no resin residue in the remaining holes.
- Arithmetic mean roughness Ra is less than 100 nm
- B Arithmetic mean roughness Ra is not less than 100 nm and less than 200 nm
- C Arithmetic mean roughness Ra is not less than 200 nm
- Example 1 Synthesis of alicyclic olefin polymer> As the first stage of polymerization, 35 mole parts of 5-ethylidene-bicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-ene, 0.9 mole part of 1-hexene, 340 mole parts of anisole and 4-acetoxybenzylidene (ruthenium-based polymerization catalyst) Dichloro) (4,5-dibromo-1,3-dimesityl-4-imidazoline-2-ylidene) (tricyclohexylphosphine) ruthenium (C1063, manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) 0.005 mol part of nitrogen-substituted pressure-resistant glass reaction The solution was charged into a vessel and subjected to a polymerization reaction at 80 ° C.
- the weight average molecular weight of the alicyclic olefin polymer was 60000, the number average molecular weight was 30000, and the molecular weight distribution was 2.
- the hydrogenation rate was 95%, and the content of repeating units having a carboxylic anhydride group was 20 mol%.
- the solid content concentration of the alicyclic olefin polymer solution was 22%.
- thermosetting resin composition 15 parts of a biphenyl dimethylene skeleton novolac type epoxy resin (trade name “NC-3000L”, manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd., epoxy equivalent 269) as a polyvalent epoxy compound having a biphenyl structure, an active ester compound (trade name “Epicron HPC-”) 8000-65T ", toluene solution with a nonvolatile content of 65%, manufactured by DIC, active ester group equivalent 223) 20 parts (13 parts in terms of active ester compound), silica as an inorganic filler (trade name” SC2500-SXJ ", 87 parts of Admatechs), 0.2 part of a hindered phenolic antioxidant (trade name “Irganox (registered trademark) 3114”, manufactured by BASF) as an anti-aging agent, and 24 parts of anisole are mixed.
- a biphenyl dimethylene skeleton novolac type epoxy resin trade name “NC-3000L”, manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd
- the mixture was stirred for 3 minutes with a planetary stirrer. Further, 2 parts of a solution of 20% 2-phenylimidazole in ethanol as a curing accelerator (0.4 parts in terms of 2-phenylimidazole) was mixed, and stirred for 10 minutes with a planetary stirrer. A varnish of a curable resin composition was obtained. In the varnish, the content of the filler was 75% in terms of solid content.
- thermosetting resin composition 454 parts of the alicyclic olefin polymer solution (100 parts in terms of alicyclic olefin polymer), a polyvalent epoxy compound having a dicyclopentadiene skeleton as a curing agent (trade name “Epicron HP7200L”, manufactured by DIC Corporation, “Epiclon” is a registered trademark) 36 parts, silica as an inorganic filler (trade name “Admafine SO-C1”, manufactured by Admatechs, average particle size 0.25 ⁇ m, “Admafine” is a registered trademark) 24.5 Part, tris (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) -isocyanurate (trade name “Irganox (registered trademark) 3114”, manufactured by BASF) as an anti-aging agent, UV absorber 2- [2-hydroxy-3,5-bis ( ⁇ , ⁇ -dimethylbenzyl) phenyl] -2H-
- the varnish was obtained.
- the filler content was 15% in terms of solid content.
- the varnish of the second thermosetting resin composition obtained above was applied using a wire bar on a polyethylene terephthalate film (support, thickness 38 ⁇ m) having a release layer on the surface, and then a nitrogen atmosphere Then, it was dried at 80 ° C. for 5 minutes, and a second resin layer (layer to be plated) having a thickness of 3 ⁇ m made of an uncured second thermosetting resin composition was formed on the support.
- a varnish of the first thermosetting resin composition is applied onto the second resin layer using a doctor blade and an auto film applicator, and then dried at 80 ° C.
- the curable resin composition layer with a support is a curable resin comprising a support, a second resin layer made of a second thermosetting resin composition, and a first resin layer made of a first thermosetting resin composition. It has a composition layer.
- ⁇ Preparation of inner layer substrate> Glass core and a core material obtained by impregnating glass fiber with a varnish containing a halogen-free epoxy compound, copper having a thickness of 18 ⁇ m was affixed to a thickness of 0.8 mm, 450 mm square (450 mm long, 450 mm wide) A conductor layer having a wiring width and distance between wirings of 50 ⁇ m, a thickness of 18 ⁇ m, and a microetched surface by contact with an organic acid was formed on the surface of the double-sided copper-clad substrate.
- the curable resin composition layer with a support obtained above is cut into 430 mm square, and the surface on the side of the curable resin composition layer is the inside with the support attached. They were pasted together. Thereafter, using a vacuum laminator equipped with heat-resistant rubber press plates at the top and bottom, the pressure is reduced to 200 Pa, thermocompression bonded at a temperature of 110 ° C. and a pressure of 0.1 MPa for 60 seconds, and a curable resin composition with a support on the inner layer substrate. Material layers were laminated. Next, after standing at room temperature for 30 minutes, the curable resin composition layer is cured by heating in air at 180 ° C.
- the curable resin composition layer with a support was laminated
- the pressure is reduced to 0.8 hPa, the temperature is 110 ° C., Thermocompression bonding was performed at a pressure of 0.1 MPa for 60 seconds.
- a 60 ° C. aqueous solution prepared to have a sodium concentration of 3 g / L) was subjected to a swelling treatment by rocking for 10 minutes and then washed with water.
- sodium hydroxide was added to 640 mL / L of an aqueous solution of sodium permanganate (trade name “Concentrate Compact CP”, manufactured by Atotech Co., Ltd.) to a concentration of 40 g / L to prepare a desmear solution.
- the substrate was rocked and immersed in an 80 ° C. desmear solution for 20 minutes to remove a part of the smear (resin residue) and further washed with water.
- an aqueous hydroxylamine sulfate solution (“Reduction Securigant P500”, manufactured by Atotech, “Securigant” is a registered trademark) was prepared at a concentration of 100 mL / L and sulfuric acid at a concentration of 35 mL / L.
- the substrate was immersed in an aqueous solution for 5 minutes, neutralized and reduced, and then washed with water.
- the substrate subjected to the first desmear treatment is immersed in an ultrasonic treatment tank filled with pure water, and an ultrasonic wave having a frequency of 28 kHz is applied, and the substrate is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the ultrasonic treatment tank.
- the swung vertical swung. Specifically, the substrate is sonicated for 15 minutes while swinging up and down at a distance of 8 cm (sound velocity / (three times the frequency of ultrasonic waves ⁇ 2)) at a cycle of 0.15 minutes / cycle.
- the smear was further removed. And the desmear property and surface roughness were evaluated about the board
- Example 2 Example except that the substrate was swung horizontally (distance: 10 cm, period: 0.15 minutes / cycle, ultrasonic treatment time: 15 minutes) with respect to the bottom surface of the ultrasonic treatment tank during the second desmear treatment.
- preparation of the substrate and film-like cured product, formation of via holes, first desmear treatment, and second desmear treatment were performed.
- evaluation was performed in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 3 During the second desmear treatment, the substrate is reciprocated in the vertical direction (distance: 8 cm, cycle: 0.15 minutes / cycle) with respect to the bottom surface of the ultrasonic treatment tank, and then reciprocated in the horizontal direction (distance: 10 cm, cycle) : 0.15 min / cycle)
- the substrate and the cured film were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the operation was repeated (that is, the vertical swing and the horizontal swing were alternately repeated).
- Example 4 Example in which the frequency of the ultrasonic wave to be irradiated is changed stepwise without swinging the substrate immersed in the ultrasonic treatment tank (that is, with the position of the substrate being fixed) during the second desmear treatment.
- preparation of the substrate and film-like cured product, formation of via holes, first desmear treatment, and second desmear treatment were performed.
- the frequency variation was continued for 28 minutes until the ultrasonic treatment was completed, with 28 kHz (10 seconds), 50 kHz (10 seconds), and 100 kHz (10 seconds) as one cycle.
- evaluation was performed in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 5 During the second desmear treatment, the frequency of the ultrasonic wave to be irradiated is continuously varied between 27 kHz and 29 kHz without shaking the substrate immersed in the ultrasonic treatment tank (that is, the position of the substrate is fixed). Except having been made, it carried out similarly to Example 1, and prepared the board
- Example 6 In the first desmear treatment, the substrate and the film were formed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a part of the smear was removed by irradiating plasma into the hole of the substrate before peeling the support without using a desmear liquid. Preparation of the cured product, formation of holes for vias, first desmear treatment, and second desmear treatment were performed. Plasma irradiation is performed using a plasma generator (product name “NM-FP1A”, manufactured by Panasonic Factory Solutions) under conditions of an O 2 gas atmosphere, a processing time of 20 minutes, an output of 500 W, a gas pressure of 20 Pa, and a room temperature. Below, it was carried out from the support side. Then, evaluation was performed in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 7 In the first desmear treatment, a substrate and a film were formed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a part of the smear was removed by irradiating ultraviolet rays into the hole of the substrate before peeling the support without using a desmear liquid. Preparation of the cured product, formation of holes for vias, first desmear treatment, and second desmear treatment were performed.
- the ultraviolet irradiation was performed from the support side using an ultraviolet irradiation apparatus equipped with a xenon excimer lamp under the conditions of an ultraviolet illuminance of 40 W / cm 2 , a distance between the light source and the substrate of 3 mm, a treatment time of 60 minutes, and room temperature. . Then, evaluation was performed in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 8 Preparation of substrate and film-like cured product in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the varnish of the third thermosetting resin composition prepared as follows was used instead of the varnish of the first thermosetting resin composition. The formation of holes for vias, the first desmear process, and the second desmear process were performed. Then, evaluation was performed in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1. In addition, the dielectric loss tangent of the hardened
- thermosetting resin composition 15 parts of biphenyldimethylene skeleton novolak type epoxy resin (trade name “NC-3000L”, Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd., epoxy equivalent 269) as a polyvalent epoxy compound having a biphenyl structure, styryl group modification at both ends as a polyphenylene ether compound
- Example 9 Preparation of substrate and film-like cured product, formation of via holes, first desmear treatment, and first desmear treatment, except that the frequency of ultrasonic waves to be irradiated was changed to 430 kHz during the second desmear treatment. 2 desmear treatment was performed. Then, evaluation was performed in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 3 (Comparative Example 3) During the first desmear treatment, the substrate was rock-immersed in the desmear solution for 60 minutes, and the second desmear treatment was not carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the substrate and film-like cured product were prepared. Hole formation and first desmear treatment were performed. Then, evaluation was performed in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
- the desmear processing method which can fully remove a smear can be provided, suppressing the roughness of the surface of a board
- the manufacturing method of the multilayer printed wiring board which can manufacture a high performance multilayer printed wiring board can be provided, removing a smear enough.
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- Manufacturing Of Printed Wiring (AREA)
Abstract
Description
また、本発明は、スミアを十分に除去しつつ高性能な多層プリント配線板を製造することが可能な多層プリント配線板の製造方法を提供することを目的とする。
なお、本発明において、「音速」とは、超音波が基板に照射される条件下での音速を指し、例えば水中で超音波を基板に照射する場合には、水中における音速を指す。また、本発明において超音波の発振源と基板とを2以上の方向に相対的に移動させる場合には、1以上の方向において発振源と基板とを相対的に移動させる距離が上記関係式を満たせばよい。
ここで、前記第1のデスミア処理工程では、過マンガン酸塩を含むデスミア液を用いて前記スミアを溶解または分解することがより好ましい。過マンガン酸塩を含むデスミア液を使用すれば、スミアを低コストで効率的に除去することができるからである。
なお、本発明において、「周波数5GHzにおける誘電正接」は、空洞共振器摂動法を用いて測定することができる。
更に、前記電気絶縁層は、無機充填剤を50質量%以上含む層を有することが好ましい。
ここで、前記支持体は紫外線吸収性を有することが更に好ましい。支持体が紫外線吸収性を有する場合、エキシマレーザー、UVレーザー、UV-YAGレーザー等を用いた穴の形成が容易になるからである。
なお、本発明において、「紫外線吸収性を有する」とは、紫外可視吸光光度計により測定した波長355nmにおける光透過率が20%以下であることを指す。
また、本発明によれば、スミアを十分に除去しつつ高性能な多層プリント配線板を製造することが可能な多層プリント配線板の製造方法を提供することができる。
ここで、本発明のデスミア処理方法は、例えば交互に積層された電気絶縁層および導体層を有する積層体よりなる基板に穴を形成した際に生じるスミアを除去する際に用いることができる。そして、本発明のデスミア処理方法は、本発明の多層プリント配線板の製造方法に従ってビアを有する多層プリント配線板を製造する際に好適に用いることができる。
本発明の多層プリント配線板の製造方法では、例えば、基材上に電気絶縁層と導体層とが交互に積層されており、且つ、積層方向に互いに離隔した導体層同士を電気的に接続するビアを有する多層プリント配線板を製造する。
電気絶縁層および導体層を積層する基材としては、特に限定されることなく、多層プリント配線板の製造において用いられている既知の基材を使用することができる。具体的には、基材としては、例えば、電気絶縁性基板、プリント配線板、プリント回路板などが挙げられる。なお、電気絶縁性基板は、例えば、脂環式オレフィン重合体、エポキシ化合物、マレイミド樹脂、アクリル樹脂、メタクリル樹脂、ジアリルフタレート樹脂、トリアジン樹脂、ポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂、ポリイミド樹脂、全芳香族ポリエステル樹脂、ガラス等の電気絶縁材料を含有する樹脂組成物を硬化させて形成することができる。
電気絶縁層としては、例えば、硬化性樹脂組成物を硬化させて得られる硬化物よりなる層(絶縁樹脂層)が挙げられる。具体的には、電気絶縁層としては、硬化性樹脂組成物を用いて形成した単層または多層の硬化性樹脂組成物層を硬化させて得られる単層構造または多層構造の絶縁樹脂層が挙げられる。
なお、支持体の剥離操作を容易なものとする観点からは、支持体は離型層の形成などの離型処理が表面に施されていることが好ましい。また、支持体を剥離する前にビア用の穴を形成する場合であって穴の形成にレーザー加工を用いる場合には、支持体は紫外線吸収性を有していることが好ましい。支持体が紫外線吸収性を有していれば、エキシマレーザー、UVレーザー、UV-YAGレーザーなどを用いたレーザー加工が容易になるからである。更に、支持体が紫外線吸収性を有していれば、穴の形成後に紫外線を利用してデスミア処理を実施する場合等に、支持体で紫外線を吸収し、電気絶縁層の表面が荒れるのを十分に抑制することもできるからである。
なお、エポキシ樹脂としては、ビフェニル構造および/または縮合多環構造を有する多価エポキシ化合物を含むものが好ましく、ビフェニル構造および/または縮合多環構造を有する多価エポキシ化合物と、3価以上の多価グリシジル基含有エポキシ化合物(但し、ビフェニル構造および/または縮合多環構造を有する多価エポキシ化合物に該当するものを除く)と、トリアジン構造含有フェノール樹脂との混合物がより好ましい。
また、極性基を有する脂環式オレフィン重合体としては、シクロアルカン構造を有し、且つ、極性基としてアルコール性水酸基、フェノール性水酸基、カルボキシル基、アルコキシル基、エポキシ基、グリシジル基、オキシカルボニル基、カルボニル基、アミノ基、カルボン酸無水物基、スルホン酸基およびリン酸基からなる群より選択される少なくとも一種の官能基を有する重合体が好ましい。
なお、活性エステル化合物としては、カルボン酸化合物および/またはチオカルボン酸化合物と、ヒドロキシ化合物および/またはチオール化合物とを反応させたものから得られる活性エステル化合物が好ましく、カルボン酸化合物と、フェノール化合物、ナフトール化合物およびチオール化合物からなる群から選択される1種または2種以上とを反応させたものから得られる活性エステル化合物がより好ましく、カルボン酸化合物とフェノール性水酸基を有する芳香族化合物とを反応させたものから得られ、かつ、分子内に少なくとも2つの活性エステル基を有する芳香族化合物が更に好ましい。
また、極性基と反応して結合を形成することができる官能基を2個以上有する化合物としては、例えば、多価エポキシ化合物、多価イソシアナート化合物、多価アミン化合物、多価ヒドラジド化合物、アジリジン化合物、塩基性金属酸化物、有機金属ハロゲン化物などが挙げられる。これらは1種を単独で用いてもよいし2種以上を併用してもよい。また、これらの化合物と、過酸化物とを併用することで硬化剤として用いてもよい。
なお、硬化性樹脂組成物層では、硬化性樹脂組成物が未硬化であってもよいし、半硬化の状態であってもよい。ここで、未硬化とは、硬化性樹脂組成物の調製に用いた硬化性樹脂を溶解可能な溶剤に硬化性樹脂組成物層を浸けたときに、実質的に硬化性樹脂の全部が溶解する状態をいう。また、半硬化とは、さらに加熱すれば硬化しうる程度に途中まで硬化された状態であり、好ましくは、硬化性樹脂組成物の調製に用いた硬化性樹脂を溶解可能な溶剤に硬化性樹脂の一部(具体的には7質量%以上の量であり、かつ、一部が残存するような量)が溶解する状態であるか、または、溶剤中に硬化性樹脂組成物層を24時間浸漬した後の体積が、浸漬前の体積の200%以上になる状態をいう。
導体層としては、例えば、銅や金などの導電体により形成された配線を含む層が挙げられる。なお、導体層は、各種の回路を含んでいてもよく、また、配線や回路の構成、厚み等は特に限定されない。
なお、導体層が積層される被積層体にビア用の穴が形成されている場合には、導体層の形成と同時にビア用の穴内への導体の形成を行い、ビアを介して導体層同士を電気的に接続することが好ましい。また、導体層の形成は、導体層と電気絶縁層との密着性を向上させるための既知の表面処理を電気絶縁層に施した後に実施してもよい。
本発明の多層プリント配線板の製造方法の一例では、ビア形成工程のうち、ビア用の穴を形成する工程と、スミアを除去する工程とは、例えば上述した電気絶縁層の形成と導体層の形成との間に実施することができる。具体的には、ビア用の穴を形成する工程およびスミアを除去する工程は、内層基板に対して合計n回(但し、nは1以上の整数)の電気絶縁層の形成と、合計n-1回の導体層の形成とを交互に繰り返して得られる基板に対して実施することができる。また、ビア形成工程のうち穴内に導体を形成する工程は、上述したようにn回目の導体層の形成と同時に実施することができる。
ここで、ビア用の穴の形成は、レーザー加工、ドリル加工、プラズマエッチングなどの既知の手法を用いて実施することができる。これらの中でも、炭酸ガスレーザー、エキシマレーザー、UVレーザー、UV-YAGレーザーなどのレーザーを用いたレーザー加工が好ましい。レーザー加工を使用すれば、電気絶縁層の特性を低下させずに微細な穴を形成することができるからである。
本発明の多層プリント配線板の製造方法の一例では、ビア用の穴を形成した際に発生したスミアを以下に詳細に説明する本発明のデスミア処理方法を用いて除去する。なお、前述したように、スミアの除去は、電気絶縁層から支持体を剥離する前に(即ち、穴が形成された電気絶縁層上に支持体が位置する状態で)実施してもよい。
本発明のデスミア処理方法では、例えば上述したようにしてビア用の穴を形成した基板に対し、スミアの一部を溶解または分解する第1のデスミア処理工程と、第1のデスミア処理工程の後に基板を超音波処理する第2のデスミア処理工程とを実施してスミアを除去する。また、本発明のデスミア処理方法では、第2のデスミア処理工程の超音波処理中に、超音波の周波数を変動させることと、超音波の発振源と基板とを2以上の方向に相対的に移動させることとの少なくとも一方を実施する。そして、本発明のデスミア処理方法では、第1のデスミア処理工程および第2のデスミア処理工程を実施してスミアを除去することにより、穴が形成された基板の表面(電気絶縁層の表面)の荒れを抑制しつつ、スミアを十分に除去する。
ここで、第1のデスミア処理工程では、スミアの溶解または分解により基板からスミアを除去することが可能な既知の処理方法を用いてスミアの一部を除去する。具体的には、第1のデスミア処理工程では、基板を過マンガン酸塩などの酸化性化合物の溶液(デスミア液)に接触させる方法、基板にプラズマを照射する方法および基板に紫外線などの光を照射する方法よりなる群から選択される少なくとも一つの方法を用いて基板からスミアの一部を除去することができる。中でも、スミアを低コストで効率的に除去する観点からは、基板をデスミア液に接触させる方法を用いることが好ましく、過マンガン酸塩を含むデスミア液に基板を接触させる方法を用いることがより好ましい。
また、基板へのプラズマの照射は、特に限定されることなく、真空プラズマ装置や、常圧プラズマ装置などを用いて行うことができる。そして、プラズマとしては、酸素プラズマなどの反応性のガスを用いたプラズマや、アルゴンプラズマ、ヘリウムプラズマなどの不活性ガスを用いたプラズマや、これらの混合ガスのプラズマなど、公知のプラズマを用いることができる。なお、第1のデスミア処理により基板の表面が荒れるのを抑制する観点からは、基板に対するプラズマの照射は、例えば電気絶縁層から支持体を剥離する前に行うことが好ましい。
更に、基板への光を照射は、特に限定されることなく、紫外線照射装置などを用いて行うことができる。そして、第1のデスミア処理により基板の表面が荒れるのを抑制する観点からは、基板に対する紫外線の照射は、例えば電気絶縁層から支持体を剥離する前に行うことが好ましい。
また、第1のデスミア処理工程の後に実施する第2のデスミア処理工程では、例えば超音波処理槽内に貯留した水などの洗浄液中に基板を浸漬した状態で基板に超音波を照射し、第1のデスミア処理工程で除去されなかったスミアの残部を除去する。具体的には、第2のデスミア処理工程では、洗浄液中に浸漬した基板に対して超音波を照射しつつ、照射する超音波の周波数の変動および/または超音波の発振源と基板との2以上の方向への相対移動を実施して、スミアの残部を十分に除去する。なお、第1のデスミア処理工程においてデスミア液を使用した場合には、基板に付着したデスミア液は、第2のデスミア処理工程の前に水洗浄などの既知の方法で除去してもよいし、第2のデスミア処理工程において洗浄液に基板を浸漬した際に除去してもよい。
また、第2のデスミア処理工程において基板を超音波処理する時間は、15秒以上とすることが好ましく、30秒以上とすることがより好ましく、30分以下とすることが好ましい。超音波処理時間を15秒以上とすれば、スミアを効果的に除去し、デスミア性を高めることができるからである。また、超音波処理時間を30分以下とすれば、第1のデスミア処理工程と第2のデスミア処理工程とを連続的に実施して、デスミア処理を効率的に進めることができるからである。
ここで、第2のデスミア処理工程において、超音波の周波数の変動は、例えば図1(a)に示すように段階的に(ステップ状に)周波数を変更することにより行ってもよいし、図1(b)に示すように連続的に周波数を変更することにより行ってもよい。
なお、図1(a)では、超音波処理の開始後、時間t1で周波数をf1からf2に増加させ、更に時間t2で周波数をf2からf3へと増加させているが、周波数は、段階的に減少させてもよいし、増加と減少とを繰り返してもよい。また、周波数を変更する回数も任意の回数とすることができる。
また、図1(b)では超音波の周波数を周波数f4と周波数f5との間で正弦波状に変化させているが、周波数は、直線状やジグザグ状などの任意の形状で変化させることができる。
また、第2のデスミア処理工程において、超音波の発振源と基板との2以上の方向への相対移動は、発振源と基板との少なくとも一方を動かすことにより行うことができる。なお、操作の容易性の観点からは、発振源の位置を固定し、ロボットアームや衝撃揺動機構を備えた装置などを用いて基板を移動させることで発振源と基板とを相対的に移動させることが好ましい。
{音速/(超音波の周波数×2)}/4≦D≦150×{音速/(超音波の周波数×2)} ・・・(1)
を満たすことが好ましく、下記の関係式(2):
{音速/(超音波の周波数×2)}/3≦D≦100×{音速/(超音波の周波数×2)} ・・・(2)
を満たすことがより好ましい。距離Dを{音速/(超音波の周波数×2)}の1/4倍以上とすれば、基板全体をより効果的に超音波処理し、デスミア性を更に高めることができるからである。また、距離Dを{音速/(超音波の周波数×2)}の150倍超とすると、操作が煩雑になると共に超音波処理槽を大型化する必要があるからである。
実施例および比較例において、硬化物の誘電正接、並びに、基板のデスミア性および表面荒れは、それぞれ以下の方法を使用して評価した。
電気絶縁層の形成に用いた硬化性樹脂組成物のフィルム状硬化物から幅2.0mm、長さ80mm、厚さ40μmの小片を切り出し、空洞共振器摂動法誘電率測定装置を用いて5GHzにおける誘電正接を測定した。
<デスミア性>
ビア用の穴の形成後、スミアの除去を行った基板の表裏それぞれについて、中心および上下左右の5箇所(表裏合計で10箇所)に位置する穴を電子顕微鏡(倍率:1000倍)で観察し、穴内の樹脂残渣の有無について以下の基準で評価した。
A:観察した全ての穴の穴底周辺および穴底中心のいずれにも樹脂残渣無し
B:観察した穴のうち、1~3箇所の穴の穴底周辺および/または穴底中心には樹脂残渣が存在するが、残りの穴には樹脂残渣無し
C:観察した穴の内、4~7箇所の穴の穴底周辺および/または穴底中心には樹脂残渣が存在するが、残りの穴には樹脂残渣無し
D:8箇所以上の穴の穴底周辺および/または穴底中心に樹脂残渣が存在
<表面荒れ>
ビア用の穴の形成後、スミアの除去を行った基板について、電気絶縁層が露出した部分の表面の表面粗さ(算術平均粗さRa)を、表面形状測定装置(ビーコインスツルメンツ社製、WYKO NT1100)を用いて5箇所測定した(各測定範囲:91μm×120μm)。そして、測定の結果得られた表面粗さの最大値を以下の基準で評価した。表面粗さの最大値が小さいほど、基板の表面が荒れていないことを示す。
A:算術平均粗さRaが100nm未満
B:算術平均粗さRaが100nm以上200nm未満
C:算術平均粗さRaが200nm以上
<脂環式オレフィン重合体の合成>
重合1段目として5-エチリデン-ビシクロ[2.2.1]ヘプト-2-エン35モル部、1-ヘキセン0.9モル部、アニソール340モル部およびルテニウム系重合触媒として4-アセトキシベンジリデン(ジクロロ)(4,5-ジブロモ-1,3-ジメシチル-4-イミダゾリン-2-イリデン)(トリシクロヘキシルホスフィン)ルテニウム(C1063、和光純薬社製)0.005モル部を窒素置換した耐圧ガラス反応器に仕込み、攪拌下に80℃で30分間の重合反応を行ってノルボルネン系開環重合体の溶液を得た。
次いで、重合2段目として重合1段目で得た溶液中にテトラシクロ[9.2.1.02,10.03,8]テトラデカ-3,5,7,12-テトラエンを45モル部、ビシクロ[2.2.1]ヘプト-2-エン-5,6-ジカルボン酸無水物を20モル部、アニソールを250モル部およびC1063を0.01モル部追加し、攪拌下に80℃で1.5時間の重合反応を行ってノルボルネン系開環重合体の溶液を得た。この溶液について、ガスクロマトグラフィーを用いて測定したところ、実質的に単量体が残留していないことが確認され、重合転化率は99%以上であった。
その後、窒素置換した攪拌機付きオートクレーブに、得られた開環重合体の溶液を仕込み、C1063を0.03モル部追加し、150℃、水素圧7MPaで、5時間攪拌して水素添加反応を行って、ノルボルネン系開環重合体の水素添加物である脂環式オレフィン重合体の溶液を得た。脂環式オレフィン重合体の重量平均分子量は60000、数平均分子量は30000、分子量分布は2であった。また、水素添加率は95%であり、カルボン酸無水物基を有する繰り返し単位の含有率は20モル%であった。脂環式オレフィン重合体の溶液の固形分濃度は22%であった。
<第1熱硬化性樹脂組成物の調製>
ビフェニル構造を有する多価エポキシ化合物としてのビフェニルジメチレン骨格ノボラック型エポキシ樹脂(商品名「NC-3000L」、日本化薬社製、エポキシ当量269)15部、活性エステル化合物(商品名「エピクロン HPC-8000-65T」、不揮発分65%のトルエン溶液、DIC社製、活性エステル基当量223)20部(活性エステル化合物換算で13部)、無機充填剤としてのシリカ(商品名「SC2500-SXJ」、アドマテックス社製)87部、老化防止剤としてのヒンダードフェノール系酸化防止剤(商品名「イルガノックス(登録商標)3114」、BASF社製)0.2部、および、アニソール24部を混合し、遊星式攪拌機で3分間攪拌した。さらにこれに、硬化促進剤として2-フェニルイミダゾールをエタノールに20%溶解した溶液2部(2-フェニルイミダゾール換算で0.4部)を混合し、遊星式攪拌機で10分間攪拌して第1熱硬化性樹脂組成物のワニスを得た。なお、ワニス中、充填剤の含有量は、固形分換算で75%であった。
<第2熱硬化性樹脂組成物の調製>
上記脂環式オレフィン重合体の溶液454部(脂環式オレフィン重合体換算で100部)、硬化剤としてのジシクロペンタジエン骨格を有する多価エポキシ化合物(商品名「エピクロン HP7200L」、DIC社製、「エピクロン」は登録商標)36部、無機充填剤としてのシリカ(商品名「アドマファイン SO-C1」、アドマテックス社製、平均粒子径0.25μm、「アドマファイン」は登録商標)24.5部、老化防止剤としてのトリス(3,5-ジ-t-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシベンジル)-イソシアヌレート(商品名「イルガノックス(登録商標)3114」、BASF社製)1部、紫外線吸収剤としての2-[2-ヒドロキシ-3,5-ビス(α,α-ジメチルベンジル)フェニル]-2H-ベンゾトリアゾール0.5部、および、硬化促進剤としての1-ベンジル-2-フェニルイミダゾール0.5部を、アニソールに混合して、固形分濃度が16%になるように混合することで、第2熱硬化性樹脂組成物のワニスを得た。なお、ワニス中、充填剤の含有量は、固形分換算で15%であった。
<支持体付き硬化性樹脂組成物層の作製>
上記にて得られた第2熱硬化性樹脂組成物のワニスを、表面に離型層を備えるポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム(支持体、厚さ38μm)上にワイヤーバーを用いて塗布し、次いで、窒素雰囲気下、80℃で5分間乾燥させて、未硬化の第2熱硬化性樹脂組成物からなる、厚み3μmの第2樹脂層(被めっき層)を支持体上に形成した。
次に、第2樹脂層上に、第1熱硬化性樹脂組成物のワニスを、ドクターブレードとオートフィルムアプリケーターを用いて塗布し、次いで、窒素雰囲気下、80℃で5分間乾燥させて、総厚みが40μmである第2樹脂層および第1樹脂層(接着層)が形成された支持体付き硬化性樹脂組成物層を得た。当該支持体付き硬化性樹脂組成物層は、支持体と、第2熱硬化性樹脂組成物からなる第2樹脂層および第1熱硬化性樹脂組成物からなる第1樹脂層よりなる硬化性樹脂組成物層を有している。
<内層基板の調製>
ガラスフィラーおよびハロゲン不含エポキシ化合物を含有するワニスをガラス繊維に含浸させて得られたコア材の表面に厚みが18μmの銅が貼られた、厚み0.8mm、450mm角(縦450mm、横450mm)の両面銅張り基板の表面に、配線幅および配線間距離が50μm、厚みが18μmで、表面が有機酸との接触によってマイクロエッチング処理された導体層を形成して内層基板を得た。
<基板およびフィルム状硬化物の調製>
内層基板の両面に、上記にて得られた支持体付き硬化性樹脂組成物層を430mm角に切断したものを、支持体が付いた状態で、硬化性樹脂組成物層側の面が内側となるようにして貼り合わせた。その後、耐熱性ゴム製プレス板を上下に備えた真空ラミネータを用い、200Paに減圧して、温度110℃、圧力0.1MPaで60秒間加熱圧着し、内層基板上に支持体付き硬化性樹脂組成物層を積層した。次いで、室温で30分間静置した後、空気中において180℃で30分間加熱することにより、硬化性樹脂組成物層を硬化させ、内層基板上に硬化樹脂層(電気絶縁層)を形成してなる基板を得た。
また、厚さ10μmの銅箔に、支持体が付いた状態で、硬化性樹脂組成物層が内側(銅箔側)になるようにして支持体付き硬化性樹脂組成物層を積層した。そして、支持体付き硬化性樹脂組成物層と銅箔との未硬化積層体について、耐熱性ゴム製プレス板を上下に備えた真空ラミネータを用い、0.8hPaに減圧して、温度110℃、圧力0.1MPaで60秒間加熱圧着した。次に、室温で30分間静置した後、空気中において温度180℃で30分間加熱し、更に支持体を剥離して温度190℃で90分間加熱することにより、硬化性樹脂組成物層を硬化させた。その後、銅箔付き硬化樹脂層を切り出し、銅箔を1mol/Lの過硫酸アンモニウム水溶液にて溶解し、フィルム状の硬化物を得た。得られたフィルム状硬化物を用いて、上記方法に従い、硬化物の誘電正接を評価したところ、誘電正接は0.004であった。
<ビア用の穴の形成>
内層基板の両面に形成した硬化樹脂層(電気絶縁層)に対し、CO2レーザー加工機を用いて、支持体が付いた状態のまま、マスク径2.5mm、出力1.1W、バースト2ショットの条件にて、支持体側からCO2レーザーを照射した。そして、電気絶縁層に、開口径70μmの穴を形成した。
<第1のデスミア処理>
上記穴を形成した基板を、基板から支持体を剥離した後、膨潤液(「スウェリングディップセキュリガントP」(アトテック社製、「セキュリガント」は登録商標)の濃度が500mL/L、水酸化ナトリウムの濃度が3g/Lとなるように調製した60℃の水溶液)に10分間揺動浸漬して膨潤処理を施した後、水洗した。
次に、過マンガン酸ナトリウムの水溶液(商品名「コンセントレート コンパクト CP」、アトテック社製)640mL/Lに、水酸化ナトリウムを濃度40g/Lになるように添加してデスミア液を調製した。そして、基板を80℃のデスミア液に20分間揺動浸漬してスミア(樹脂残渣)の一部を除去し、更に水洗した。
続いて、硫酸ヒドロキシルアミン水溶液(「リダクションセキュリガントP500」、アトテック社製、「セキュリガント」は登録商標)の濃度が100mL/L、硫酸の濃度が35mL/Lとなるように調製した40℃の水溶液に、基板を5分間浸漬し、中和還元処理をした後、水洗した。
<第2のデスミア処理>
下部に超音波発振器(出力:600W)を有する超音波処理槽を準備した。そして、第1のデスミア処理を行った基板を純水で満たされた超音波処理槽に浸漬し、周波数28kHzの超音波を印加した状態で、基板を超音波処理槽の底面に対して垂直方向に揺動(縦揺動)させた。具体的には、8cmの距離(音速/(超音波の周波数×2)の3倍の距離)を0.15分/サイクルの周期で上下方向に揺動させながら、基板を15分間超音波処理し、スミアを更に除去した。
そして、超音波処理後の基板について、デスミア性および表面荒れを評価した。結果を表1に示す。
第2のデスミア処理時に基板を超音波処理槽の底面に対して水平方向に揺動(距離:10cm、周期:0.15分/サイクル、超音波処理時間:15分)させた以外は実施例1と同様にして、基板およびフィルム状硬化物の調製、ビア用の穴の形成、第1のデスミア処理および第2のデスミア処理を行った。そして、実施例1と同様にして評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
第2のデスミア処理時に基板を超音波処理槽の底面に対して垂直方向に往復移動(距離:8cm、周期:0.15分/サイクル)させた後に水平方向に往復移動(距離:10cm、周期:0.15分/サイクル)させる操作を繰り返した(即ち、垂直方向の揺動と水平方向の揺動とを交互に繰り返した)以外は実施例1と同様にして、基板およびフィルム状硬化物の調製、ビア用の穴の形成、第1のデスミア処理および第2のデスミア処理を行った。そして、実施例1と同様にして評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
第2のデスミア処理時に、超音波処理槽に浸漬した基板を揺動させることなく(即ち、基板の位置を固定したまま)、照射する超音波の周波数を段階的に変動させた以外は実施例1と同様にして、基板およびフィルム状硬化物の調製、ビア用の穴の形成、第1のデスミア処理および第2のデスミア処理を行った。なお、周波数の変動は、28kHz(10秒間)、50kHz(10秒間)、100kHz(10秒間)を1サイクルとして、15分間超音波処理が終了するまで続けた。そして、実施例1と同様にして評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
第2のデスミア処理時に、超音波処理槽に浸漬した基板を揺動させることなく(即ち、基板の位置を固定したまま)、照射する超音波の周波数を27kHz~29kHzの間で連続的に変動させた以外は実施例1と同様にして、基板およびフィルム状硬化物の調製、ビア用の穴の形成、第1のデスミア処理および第2のデスミア処理を行った。そして、実施例1と同様にして評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
第1のデスミア処理時に、デスミア液を使用することなく、支持体剥離前の基板の穴内にプラズマを照射してスミアの一部を除去した以外は実施例1と同様にして、基板およびフィルム状硬化物の調製、ビア用の穴の形成、第1のデスミア処理および第2のデスミア処理を行った。なお、プラズマの照射は、プラズマ発生装置(製品名「NM-FP1A」、パナソニックファクトリーソリューションズ社製)を用いて、O2ガス雰囲気下、処理時間20分、出力500W、ガス圧20Pa、室温の条件下で支持体側から行った。そして、実施例1と同様にして評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
第1のデスミア処理時に、デスミア液を使用することなく、支持体剥離前の基板の穴内に紫外線を照射してスミアの一部を除去した以外は実施例1と同様にして、基板およびフィルム状硬化物の調製、ビア用の穴の形成、第1のデスミア処理および第2のデスミア処理を行った。なお、紫外線の照射は、キセノンエキシマランプを備えた紫外線照射装置を用いて、紫外線照度40W/cm2、光源と基板との距離3mm、処理時間60分、室温の条件下で支持体側から行った。そして、実施例1と同様にして評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
第1熱硬化性樹脂組成物のワニスに替えて下記のようにして調製した第3熱硬化樹脂組成物のワニスを使用した以外は実施例1と同様にして、基板およびフィルム状硬化物の調製、ビア用の穴の形成、第1のデスミア処理および第2のデスミア処理を行った。そして、実施例1と同様にして評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。なお、第3熱硬化樹脂組成物を用いて調製した硬化物の誘電正接は、0.003であった。
<第3熱硬化性樹脂組成物の調製>
ビフェニル構造を有する多価エポキシ化合物としてのビフェニルジメチレン骨格ノボラック型エポキシ樹脂(商品名「NC-3000L」、日本化薬社製、エポキシ当量269)15部、ポリフェニレンエーテル化合物としての両末端スチリル基変性ポリフェニレンエーテル化合物(商品名「OPE-2St1200」、三菱瓦斯化学社製、2,2’,3,3’,5,5’-ヘキサメチルビフェニル-4,4’-ジオール・2,6-ジメチルフェノール重縮合物とクロロメチルスチレンとの反応生成物、数平均分子量(Mn)=1200、60%トルエン溶液)20部(ポリフェニレンエーテル化合物換算で12部)、活性エステル化合物(商品名「エピクロン HPC-8000-65T」、不揮発分65%のトルエン溶液、DIC社製、活性エステル基当量223)23部(活性エステル化合物換算で15部)、無機充填剤としてのシリカ(商品名「SC2500-SXJ」、アドマテックス社製)130部、老化防止剤としてのヒンダードフェノール系酸化防止剤(商品名「イルガノックス(登録商標)3114」、BASF社製)0.1部、および、アニソール25部を混合し、遊星式攪拌機で3分間攪拌した。さらにこれに、硬化促進剤として2-フェニルイミダゾールをエタノールに20%溶解した溶液2部(2-フェニルイミダゾール換算で0.4部)、および、硬化剤としてのジクミルパーオキサイド(商品名「パーカドックスBC-FF」、化薬アクゾ社製)をトルエンに50%溶解した溶液0.24部(ジクミルパーオキサイド換算で0.12部)を混合し、遊星式攪拌機で5分間攪拌して第3熱硬化性樹脂組成物のワニスを得た。なお、ワニス中、充填剤の含有量は、固形分換算で75%であった。
第2のデスミア処理時に、照射する超音波の周波数を430kHzとした以外は実施例1と同様にして、基板およびフィルム状硬化物の調製、ビア用の穴の形成、第1のデスミア処理および第2のデスミア処理を行った。そして、実施例1と同様にして評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
第2のデスミア処理時に超音波処理槽に浸漬した基板を揺動させなかった以外は実施例1と同様にして、基板およびフィルム状硬化物の調製、ビア用の穴の形成、第1のデスミア処理および第2のデスミア処理を行った。そして、実施例1と同様にして評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
第2のデスミア処理を実施しなかった以外は実施例1と同様にして、基板およびフィルム状硬化物の調製、ビア用の穴の形成、第1のデスミア処理を行った。そして、実施例1と同様にして評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
第1のデスミア処理時に基板をデスミア液に60分間揺動浸漬し、第2のデスミア処理を実施しなかった以外は実施例1と同様にして、基板およびフィルム状硬化物の調製、ビア用の穴の形成、第1のデスミア処理を行った。そして、実施例1と同様にして評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
また、本発明によれば、スミアを十分に除去しつつ高性能な多層プリント配線板を製造することが可能な多層プリント配線板の製造方法を提供することができる。
2 超音波発振源
3 基板
Claims (12)
- 穴を形成した基板からスミアを除去するデスミア処理方法であって、
前記スミアの一部を溶解または分解する第1のデスミア処理工程と、
前記第1のデスミア処理工程の後に前記基板を超音波処理する第2のデスミア処理工程と、
を含み、
前記第2のデスミア処理工程では、前記超音波処理中に、超音波の周波数を変動させることと、超音波の発振源と前記基板とを2以上の方向に相対的に移動させることとの少なくとも一方を実施する、デスミア処理方法。 - 前記超音波処理中に照射する前記超音波の周波数が15kHz以上200kHz以下の範囲内である、請求項1に記載のデスミア処理方法。
- 前記発振源と前記基板とを相対的に移動させる距離Dが、下記の関係式:
{音速/(超音波の周波数×2)}/4≦D≦150×{音速/(超音波の周波数×2)} ・・・(1)
を満たす、請求項1または2に記載のデスミア処理方法。 - 前記第1のデスミア処理工程では、デスミア液、プラズマおよび光からなる群から選択される少なくとも一つを用いて前記スミアを溶解または分解する、請求項1~3の何れかに記載のデスミア処理方法。
- 前記第1のデスミア処理工程では、前記デスミア液を用いて前記スミアを溶解または分解し、
前記デスミア液が過マンガン酸塩を含む、請求項4に記載のデスミア処理方法。 - 前記基板は、前記穴が形成された電気絶縁層を有し、
前記電気絶縁層は、周波数5GHzにおける誘電正接が0.005以下の硬化物よりなる、請求項1~5の何れかに記載のデスミア処理方法。 - 前記基板は、前記穴が形成された電気絶縁層を有し、
前記電気絶縁層は、エポキシ樹脂と活性エステル化合物とを含む硬化性樹脂組成物を用いて形成されている、請求項1~6の何れかに記載のデスミア処理方法。 - 前記硬化性樹脂組成物がポリフェニレンエーテル化合物を更に含む、請求項7に記載のデスミア処理方法。
- 前記基板は、前記穴が形成された電気絶縁層を有し、
前記電気絶縁層は、無機充填剤を50質量%以上含む層を有する、請求項1~8の何れかに記載のデスミア処理方法。 - 前記基板は、前記穴が形成された電気絶縁層および支持体を有し、
前記支持体は、前記電気絶縁層の表面に設けられて前記基板の表面を構成する、請求項1~9の何れかに記載のデスミア処理方法。 - 前記支持体が紫外線吸収性を有する、請求項10に記載のデスミア処理方法。
- ビアを有する多層プリント配線板の製造方法であって、
交互に積層された電気絶縁層および導体層を有する基板にビア用の穴を形成する工程と、
前記穴を形成する際に発生したスミアを、請求項1~11の何れかに記載のデスミア処理方法を用いて除去する工程と、
を含む、多層プリント配線板の製造方法。
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US20180020551A1 (en) | 2018-01-18 |
EP3236720A1 (en) | 2017-10-25 |
TW201625817A (zh) | 2016-07-16 |
CN107211542A (zh) | 2017-09-26 |
JP6682449B2 (ja) | 2020-04-15 |
TWI691617B (zh) | 2020-04-21 |
JPWO2016084374A1 (ja) | 2017-08-31 |
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CN107211542B (zh) | 2020-11-24 |
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