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WO2016074391A1 - 电源适配器和终端 - Google Patents

电源适配器和终端 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016074391A1
WO2016074391A1 PCT/CN2015/074050 CN2015074050W WO2016074391A1 WO 2016074391 A1 WO2016074391 A1 WO 2016074391A1 CN 2015074050 W CN2015074050 W CN 2015074050W WO 2016074391 A1 WO2016074391 A1 WO 2016074391A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
charging
charging mode
terminal
power adapter
fast
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2015/074050
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张加亮
Original Assignee
广东欧珀移动通信有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from PCT/CN2014/090846 external-priority patent/WO2016074159A1/zh
Priority claimed from PCT/CN2014/090845 external-priority patent/WO2016074158A1/zh
Priority claimed from PCT/CN2014/090847 external-priority patent/WO2016074160A1/zh
Priority to KR1020167037047A priority Critical patent/KR101976251B1/ko
Priority to AU2015345857A priority patent/AU2015345857B2/en
Priority to EP15858575.2A priority patent/EP3131170B1/en
Priority to MA39552A priority patent/MA39552B1/fr
Priority to BR112016028206-0A priority patent/BR112016028206B1/pt
Priority to CN201810502572.8A priority patent/CN108736539B/zh
Priority to EP22182583.9A priority patent/EP4096054A1/en
Priority to MX2016017129A priority patent/MX364215B/es
Priority to CA2951176A priority patent/CA2951176C/en
Priority to US15/311,154 priority patent/US20170098944A1/en
Priority to JP2016573759A priority patent/JP6395871B2/ja
Application filed by 广东欧珀移动通信有限公司 filed Critical 广东欧珀移动通信有限公司
Priority to CN201580004896.3A priority patent/CN106030974B/zh
Priority to SG11201609425SA priority patent/SG11201609425SA/en
Priority to JP2017518081A priority patent/JP6475826B2/ja
Priority to KR1020197027788A priority patent/KR102135606B1/ko
Priority to KR1020177003394A priority patent/KR20170020536A/ko
Priority to EP15859023.2A priority patent/EP3148039A4/en
Priority to CN201580004522.1A priority patent/CN106030962B/zh
Priority to CN201810716984.1A priority patent/CN108988415A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2015/078905 priority patent/WO2016074459A1/zh
Publication of WO2016074391A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016074391A1/zh
Priority to PH12016502550A priority patent/PH12016502550B1/en
Priority to US15/405,771 priority patent/US10454288B2/en
Priority to US16/198,662 priority patent/US10326291B2/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0068—Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/72—Mobile telephones; Cordless telephones, i.e. devices for establishing wireless links to base stations without route selection
    • H04M1/724—User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones
    • H04M1/72448—User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones with means for adapting the functionality of the device according to specific conditions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/46—Accumulators structurally combined with charging apparatus
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00308—Overvoltage protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00309—Overheat or overtemperature protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0031—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using battery or load disconnect circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0042—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the mechanical construction
    • H02J7/0045—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the mechanical construction concerning the insertion or the connection of the batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from AC mains by converters
    • H02J7/04—Regulation of charging current or voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/02—Constructional features of telephone sets
    • H04M1/0202—Portable telephone sets, e.g. cordless phones, mobile phones or bar type handsets
    • H04M1/026—Details of the structure or mounting of specific components
    • H04M1/0262—Details of the structure or mounting of specific components for a battery compartment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4278—Systems for data transfer from batteries, e.g. transfer of battery parameters to a controller, data transferred between battery controller and main controller
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2200/00—Safety devices for primary or secondary batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/30—Batteries in portable systems, e.g. mobile phone, laptop
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/574—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/00032—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange
    • H02J7/00034—Charger exchanging data with an electronic device, i.e. telephone, whose internal battery is under charge
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00302—Overcharge protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M2250/00—Details of telephonic subscriber devices
    • H04M2250/06—Details of telephonic subscriber devices including a wireless LAN interface
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of charging, and more particularly, to a power adapter and a terminal.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a power adapter and a terminal, which can effectively avoid the phenomenon of overheating of the smart phone caused by blindly increasing the output current or output voltage of the power adapter.
  • a terminal including a battery and a charging interface, wherein the terminal introduces a charging current from the power adapter through the charging interface to charge the battery, and the terminal further includes: a communication unit, through the charging interface Two-way communication with the power adapter to determine a charging mode of the terminal.
  • the charging mode includes: a normal charging mode and a first fast charging mode, wherein a charging current of the power adapter in the first fast charging mode Higher than the charging current in the normal charging mode.
  • the charging current in the first fast charging mode is greater than 2.5A.
  • the charging mode includes: a normal charging mode and a second fast charging mode, wherein the second fast charging The charging voltage in the mode is higher than the charging voltage in the normal charging mode.
  • the charging voltage in the second fast charging mode is 9V or 12V.
  • the charging mode includes a normal charging mode, a first fast charging mode, and a second fast charging mode, where The charging current in the first fast charging mode is higher than the charging current in the normal charging mode, and the charging voltage in the second fast charging mode is higher than the charging voltage in the normal charging mode.
  • the method further includes: an identifying unit, configured to identify a charging cable supported charging between the power adapter and the terminal
  • the communication unit is further configured to determine a charging mode of the terminal according to a charging mode supported by the charging cable identified by the identifying unit.
  • the identifying unit is configured to send an identifier to a control chip in the charging cable, and receive the Controlling the feedback code returned by the chip, determining whether the feedback code is correct.
  • the feedback code is correct, determining that the charging cable supports a fast charging mode, and when the feedback code is incorrect, determining that the charging cable is not Fast charging mode is supported.
  • the charging mode includes a normal charging mode and a fast charging mode, and the charging current is high in the fast charging mode
  • the charging unit is configured to: when the charging mode determined by the communication unit and the terminal is the fast charging mode, and the charging cable supports the fast charging mode.
  • the final charging mode is determined to be the fast charging mode, otherwise, the final charging mode is determined to be the normal charging mode.
  • the battery in another implementation of the first aspect, includes: a detecting unit, configured to detect a voltage value/current value of the battery cell, and to The terminal transmits the detected voltage value/current value.
  • the battery further includes: a first overvoltage protection unit and a second overvoltage protection unit, the second The overvoltage protection unit cuts off the voltage across the cell when the first overvoltage protection unit fails and the cells in the battery are above a rated voltage.
  • a power adapter including a power conversion unit and a charging interface, wherein the power conversion unit charges a terminal through the charging interface, the power adapter further includes: a communication unit, configured to use the charging interface The terminal performs two-way communication, so that the terminal determines a charging mode; a voltage control unit and/or a current control unit, configured to perform charging according to the terminal An electrical mode that controls an output voltage and/or an output current of the power conversion unit.
  • the charging mode includes: a normal charging mode and a first fast charging mode, wherein a charging current of the power adapter in the first fast charging mode Higher than the charging current in the normal charging mode.
  • the power adapter in another implementation manner of the second aspect, is configured to have a charging current greater than 2.5A in the first fast charging mode; or The power adapter's rated output current is greater than 2.5A.
  • the charging mode includes: a normal charging mode and a second fast charging mode, wherein the power adapter is in the The charging voltage in the second fast charging mode is higher than the charging voltage in the normal charging mode.
  • the charging voltage of the power adapter in the second fast charging mode is 9V or 12V; or
  • the rated output voltage of the power adapter is 5V, 9V and / or 12V.
  • the charging mode includes a normal charging mode, a first fast charging mode, and a second fast charging mode, where The charging current of the power adapter in the first fast charging mode is higher than the charging current in the normal charging mode, and the charging voltage of the power adapter in the second fast charging mode is higher than that in the normal a charging voltage in a charging mode, the voltage control unit configured to adjust an output voltage of the power conversion unit to the first fast charging when a charging mode determined by the terminal is the first fast charging mode a charging current corresponding to the mode; the current control unit is configured to adjust an output current of the power conversion unit to the second fast charging mode when the charging mode determined by the terminal is the second fast charging mode Corresponding charging current.
  • the charging interface of the power adapter and the charging cable connecting the power adapter and the terminal are separated design.
  • the charging interface and the charging cable are connected by using a USB A-type interface.
  • the power adapter negotiates the charging mode with the terminal through the communication unit, and controls the output voltage/output current of the power adapter according to the charging mode determined by the communication unit. Effectively avoid blindly increasing the voltage or current of the power adapter to cause the phone to heat up or even burn out.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a power adapter of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the structure of a fast charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a cable structure.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the terminal 100 of FIG. 1 includes a battery 110 and a charging interface 120.
  • the terminal 100 introduces a charging current from the power adapter through the charging interface 120 to charge the battery 110.
  • the terminal 100 further includes:
  • the communication unit 130 performs bidirectional communication with the power adapter through the charging interface 120 to determine a charging mode of the terminal 100.
  • the power adapter negotiates the charging mode with the terminal through the communication unit, and controls the output voltage/output current of the power adapter according to the charging mode determined by the communication unit, thereby effectively avoiding blindly increasing the voltage or current of the power adapter.
  • the charging interface 120 of the terminal 100 can be compatible with the Micro-USB Type B or Type-C interface specifications.
  • the charging interface and the charging control circuit should be able to perform normal safe charging according to their own needs.
  • the maximum temperature of the terminal should not be greater than 55 ° C during the entire charging process, and fire, explosion and circuit damage cannot occur. The phenomenon.
  • the charging control circuit in the terminal may have an overvoltage protection device, and when the charging voltage is higher than 12V (to be determined), the overvoltage protection device can be activated.
  • the overvoltage protection device can be activated.
  • its sink current is no more than 20mA.
  • the maximum temperature of the terminal should not exceed 55 °C during the whole process, and fire, explosion and circuit damage cannot occur. The terminal should be able to work normally after recovery.
  • the terminal with fast charge function should be able to identify whether the adapter meets the fast charge requirement, monitor the entire charging process in real time, and adopt the corresponding charging mode.
  • the charging mode includes: a normal charging mode and a first fast charging mode, wherein a charging current of the power adapter in the first fast charging mode is higher than that in the normal charging Charging current in mode.
  • the first fast charging mode may be a charging mode that increases the charging power and rate of the terminal by increasing the output current of the power adapter (eg, greater than 2.5 A).
  • the voltage adapter can be rated at 5V in normal charging mode and the rated output current can be less than or equal to 2.5A.
  • the charging current in the first fast charging mode is greater than 2.5A, for example, 5A, and the tolerance may be ⁇ 5%.
  • the charging mode includes: a normal charging mode and a second fast charging mode, wherein a charging voltage in the second fast charging mode is higher than a charging voltage in the normal charging mode.
  • the second fast charging mode may be a charging mode that increases the charging power and rate of the terminal by increasing the output voltage of the power adapter (eg, 9V or 12V).
  • the charging voltage in the second fast charging mode is 9V or 12V; or the rated output voltage of the power adapter is 5V, 9V, and/or 12V, and the tolerance may be ⁇ 5%.
  • the charging voltage in the second fast charging mode is 9V or 12V.
  • the charging mode includes a normal charging mode, a first fast charging mode, and a second fast charging mode, wherein a charging current in the first fast charging mode is higher than the normal charging mode.
  • the charging current is lower, and the charging voltage in the second fast charging mode is higher than the charging voltage in the normal charging mode.
  • the method further includes: an identifying unit, configured to identify a charging mode supported by the charging cable between the power adapter and the terminal 100; the communication unit is further configured to identify, according to the identifying unit The charging mode supported by the charging cable determines the charging of the terminal 100 Electrical mode.
  • the identifying unit is specifically configured to send an identifier to a control chip in the charging cable, receive a feedback code returned by the control chip, and determine whether the feedback code is correct.
  • the feedback code is correct, it is determined that the charging cable supports a fast charging mode, and when the feedback code is incorrect, it is determined that the charging cable does not support the fast charging mode.
  • the charging mode includes a normal charging mode and a fast charging mode, and a charging current in the fast charging mode is higher than a charging current in the normal charging mode, and the communication unit is specifically used.
  • the charging mode determined by the communication unit and the terminal 100 is the fast charging mode, and the charging cable supports the fast charging mode, determining that the final charging mode is the fast charging mode, otherwise, determining the final The charging mode is the normal charging mode.
  • the battery 110 includes: a detecting unit, configured to detect a voltage value/current value of the battery cell, and send the detected voltage value/current value to the terminal 100.
  • a detecting unit configured to detect a voltage value/current value of the battery cell, and send the detected voltage value/current value to the terminal 100.
  • the battery 110 further includes: a first overvoltage protection unit and a second overvoltage protection unit, wherein the second overvoltage protection unit fails in the first overvoltage protection unit When the cell in the battery is higher than the rated voltage, the voltage across the cell is cut off.
  • the battery in the terminal can meet the following functions and requirements:
  • the battery can have the function of reading the cell voltage value and current value in real time (the voltage and current deviations are not allowed to exceed the allowable charging limit of the cell) and can accurately transmit the read value to the terminal.
  • the temperature rise of each device during the charging process should not exceed 15 °C.
  • the cycle life of the battery is under the upper and lower temperature conditions, and the fast charge life test should meet the requirement that the capacity retention rate reaches 80% or more after 500 cycles.
  • the actual capacity is greater than or equal to the rated capacity.
  • the battery should have a secondary protection overvoltage protection function to prevent the battery from charging overvoltage.
  • the battery voltage of the battery is higher than the rated voltage (rated voltage value +0.1V, currently 4.4V, subsequent uncertain, to be determined)
  • the charging path of the battery protection board should be automatically cut off, and the overvoltage protection mechanism is activated.
  • the power adapter 200 of FIG. 2 includes a power conversion unit 210 and a charging interface 220.
  • the power conversion unit 210 charges the terminal through the charging interface 220.
  • the power adapter 200 further includes:
  • the communication unit 230 is configured to perform bidirectional communication with the terminal through the charging interface 220, so that the terminal determines a charging mode
  • the voltage control unit and/or the current control unit 240 is configured to control an output voltage and/or an output current of the power conversion unit 210 according to the charging mode determined by the terminal.
  • the power adapter negotiates the charging mode with the terminal through the communication unit, and controls the output voltage/output current of the power adapter according to the charging mode determined by the communication unit, thereby effectively avoiding blindly increasing the voltage or current of the power adapter.
  • the charging mode includes: a normal charging mode and a first fast charging mode, wherein a charging current of the power adapter 200 in the first fast charging mode is higher than that in the normal Charging current in charging mode.
  • the power adapter 200 has a charging current greater than 2.5A in the first fast charging mode; or the power adapter 200 has a rated output current greater than 2.5A.
  • the charging mode includes: a normal charging mode and a second fast charging mode, wherein a charging voltage of the power adapter 200 in the second fast charging mode is higher than that in the normal Charging voltage in charging mode.
  • the power adapter 200 has a charging voltage of 9V or 12V in the second fast charging mode; or the power adapter 200 has a rated output voltage of 5V, 9V, and/or 12V. .
  • the charging mode includes a normal charging mode, a first fast charging mode, and a second fast charging mode, wherein the power adapter 200 has a high charging current in the first fast charging mode.
  • the charging current in the normal charging mode the charging voltage of the power adapter 200 in the second fast charging mode is higher than the charging voltage in the normal charging mode, and the voltage control unit is used to When the charging mode determined by the terminal is the first fast charging mode, adjusting an output voltage of the power conversion unit 210 to a charging current corresponding to the first fast charging mode; the current control unit is configured to be used when When the charging mode determined by the terminal is the second fast charging mode, the output current of the power conversion unit 210 is adjusted to a charging current corresponding to the second fast charging mode.
  • the charging interface 220 of the power adapter 200 and the charging cable connecting the power adapter 200 and the terminal adopt a separate design.
  • the charging interface 220 and the charging cable are connected by using a USB A-type interface.
  • the power adapter can be designed to meet the following electrical performance requirements:
  • the current flowing from the terminal to the power adapter should be no more than 5 mA, regardless of whether the power adapter is plugged into the power supply.
  • the contact current of the power adapter from the AC power source through the power adapter to the output port should not exceed 20uA.
  • the fast charge source adapter can have the function of identifying the fast charge data line and detecting the interface plug error.
  • the fast charge source adapter should have short-circuit automatic protection. When the fault is removed, the adapter should be able to resume work automatically.
  • the actual average efficiency of the power adapter should not be less than the value calculated by the following formula:
  • Pno The rated output power of the power adapter, that is, the rated output voltage multiplied by the rated output current.
  • the plugging force and plugging life of the charging interface can be required to satisfy:
  • the force required to fully insert the connecting plug into the connecting socket should not exceed 35N, and the connecting plug is completely pulled out from the connecting socket.
  • the required force should be no less than 10N.
  • the mechanical structure should be free from damage after the insertion and removal, and the force required to completely remove the connector plug from the connection socket should be no less than 8N.
  • the fast charging system frame is shown in Figure 3. It includes a mobile terminal (with battery), a fast charging cable, and a fast charging adapter.
  • the mobile terminal mainly comprises a battery core and a protection circuit thereof, a fast charge flow control circuit module, a communication control mode and a charging interface.
  • the fast charge adapter includes a charging interface and a charging voltage control, a current control, a communication module, and a data line identification module.
  • the adapter After the terminal and the adapter perform handshake communication, it is judged whether the two parties satisfy the fast charge function requirement and the suitable fast charge mode, and then the adapter supplies the corresponding voltage and current to charge the terminal.
  • the adapter and cable should be of separate design and connected using a USB Type A interface.
  • the design of the charging adapter can consider the vertical compatibility and lateral compatibility of the product.
  • the horizontal compatibility means that the fast charging adapter should be able to identify whether the cable and the terminal meet the fast charging requirement and adopt the corresponding charging mode;
  • the terminal should be able to identify whether the adapter meets the fast charge requirement and take the appropriate charging mode.
  • Horizontal compatibility means that the adapter with fast charging function should be able to provide the corresponding fast charging for all terminals with fast charging function; the terminal with fast charging function should be able to identify all fast charging function adapters and perform fast charging.
  • the structure, materials, etc. of the cable between the power adapter and the terminal may be required to satisfy the following requirements or indicators:
  • the cable input end should adopt USB A type structure, and the cable output end should be compatible with Micro-USB B type or Type-C interface specifications.
  • connection cable When the connection cable is used for data transmission and power supply functions, its structure should meet the requirements shown in Figure 4 (same as USB A series connection cable).
  • the connecting cable consists of four wires, two of which are power wires (VBUS is the positive pole of the power supply; GND is the negative pole of the power supply), and the other two (D+, D-) are signal conductors.
  • the content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the material is preferably less than 200 mg/kg, and the benzodiazepine is less than 20 mg/kg.
  • the material may be polyethylene (PE) or better.
  • the length of the connection cable is no more than 200cm.
  • the jacket should enclose a fully shielded power and signal pair and should be connected directly to the outer shield of the tinned copper conductor.
  • the maximum resistance should be no more than 0.232 ⁇ /m.
  • the maximum resistance should be no more than 0.1 ⁇ /m.
  • the insulation resistance of the USB A type and Micro-USB B type connection interface should be not less than 1000M ⁇ .
  • the insulation material of the USB Type A connection interface shall have an ac voltage of 500V.
  • the insulation material of the Micro-USB Type B connection interface shall withstand an ac voltage of 100V. In the withstand voltage test with a duration of 1 min, there shall be no breakdown, fire or arcing. Leakage should not exceed 0.5mA.
  • the insulation of the cable should have a flame retardancy of class V-1 or better.
  • the force required to fully insert the connecting plug into the connecting socket should not exceed 35N, and the connecting plug is completely pulled out from the connecting socket.
  • the required force should be no less than 10N.
  • the mechanical structure should be free from damage after the insertion and removal, and the force required to completely remove the connector plug from the connection socket should be no less than 8N.
  • the disclosed systems, devices, and methods may be implemented in other manners.
  • the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative.
  • the division of the unit is only a logical function division.
  • there may be another division manner for example, multiple units or components may be combined or Can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed.
  • the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be indirect coupling through some interface, device or unit.
  • a communication connection which may be in electrical, mechanical or other form.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the functions may be stored in a computer readable storage medium if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a standalone product.
  • the technical solution of the present invention which is essential or contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium, including
  • the instructions are used to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention.
  • the foregoing storage medium includes: a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, and the like. .

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Abstract

一种电源适配器（200）和终端（100），该终端（100）包括电池（110）和充电接口（120），所述终端（100）通过所述充电接口（120）从电源适配器（200）引入充电电流，为所述电池（110）充电，所述终端（100）还包括：通信单元（130），通过所述充电接口（120）与所述电源适配器（200）进行双向通信，确定所述终端（100）的充电模式。电源适配器（200）通过通信单元（130）与终端（100）协商充电模式，并根据通信单元（130）确定出的充电模式来控制电源适配器（200）的输出电压/输出电流，能够有效避免盲目增大电源适配器（200）的电压或电流所带来的手机发热甚至烧坏的现象。

Description

电源适配器和终端 技术领域
本发明实施例涉及充电领域，并且更具体地，涉及一种电源适配器和终端。
背景技术
目前，智能手机越来越受到消费者的青睐，但是智能手机耗电量大，通常需要经常充电。随着智能手机的电池容量越来越高，充电时间相应变长。如何实现快速充电亟待解决。
现有技术中，为了达到快速充电的目的，通常不考虑智能手机的承受能力，直接增大电源适配器的输出电流或输出电压，这样会导致智能手机过热甚至烧坏等现象，降低了智能手机的使用寿命。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种电源适配器和终端，能够有效避免盲目增大电源适配器输出电流或输出电压所带来的智能手机过热现象。
第一方面，提供一种终端，包括电池和充电接口，所述终端通过所述充电接口从电源适配器引入充电电流，为所述电池充电，所述终端还包括：通信单元，通过所述充电接口与所述电源适配器进行双向通信，确定所述终端的充电模式。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的一种实现方式中，所述充电模式包括：普通充电模式和第一快速充电模式，其中，所述电源适配器在所述第一快速充电模式下的充电电流高于在所述普通充电模式下的充电电流。
结合第一方面或其上述实现方式的任一种，在第一方面的另一种实现方式中，所述第一快速充电模式下的充电电流大于2.5A。
结合第一方面或其上述实现方式的任一种，在第一方面的另一种实现方式中，所述充电模式包括：普通充电模式和第二快速充电模式，其中，所述第二快速充电模式下的充电电压高于所述普通充电模式下的充电电压。
结合第一方面或其上述实现方式的任一种，在第一方面的另一种实现方式中，所述第二快速充电模式下的充电电压为9V或12V。
结合第一方面或其上述实现方式的任一种，在第一方面的另一种实现方式中，所述充电模式包括普通充电模式，第一快速充电模式和第二快速充电模式，其中，所述第一快速充电模式下的充电电流高于所述普通充电模式下的充电电流，所述第二快速充电模式下的充电电压高于所述普通充电模式下的充电电压。
结合第一方面或其上述实现方式的任一种，在第一方面的另一种实现方式中，还包括：识别单元，用于识别所述电源适配器和终端之间的充电线缆支持的充电模式；所述通信单元还用于根据所述识别单元识别出的所述充电线缆支持的充电模式，确定所述终端的充电模式。
结合第一方面或其上述实现方式的任一种，在第一方面的另一种实现方式中，所述识别单元具体用于向所述充电线缆中的控制芯片发送识别码，接收所述控制芯片返回的反馈码，判断所述反馈码是否正确，当所述反馈码正确时，确定所述充电线缆支持快速充电模式，当所述反馈码不正确时，确定所述充电线缆不支持快速充电模式。
结合第一方面或其上述实现方式的任一种，在第一方面的另一种实现方式中，所述充电模式包括普通充电模式和快速充电模式，且所述快速充电模式下的充电电流高于所述普通充电模式下的充电电流，所述通信单元具体用于当所述通信单元与所述终端确定的充电模式为所述快速充电模式，且所述充电线缆支持所述快速充电模式时，确定最终的充电模式为快速充电模式，否则，确定最终的充电模式为普通充电模式。
结合第一方面或其上述实现方式的任一种，在第一方面的另一种实现方式中，所述电池包括：检测单元，用于检测电芯的电压值/电流值，并向所述终端发送检测到的所述电压值/电流值。
结合第一方面或其上述实现方式的任一种，在第一方面的另一种实现方式中，所述电池还包括：第一过压保护单元和第二过压保护单元，所述第二过压保护单元在所述第一过压保护单元失效且所述电池内的电芯高于额定电压时切断所述电芯两端电压。
第二方面，提供一种电源适配器，包括功率转换单元和充电接口，所述功率转换单元通过所述充电接口为终端充电，所述电源适配器还包括：通信单元，用于通过所述充电接口与所述终端进行双向通信，以便所述终端确定充电模式；电压控制单元和/或电流控制单元，用于根据所述终端确定出的充 电模式，控制所述功率转换单元的输出电压和/或输出电流。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的一种实现方式中，所述充电模式包括：普通充电模式和第一快速充电模式，其中，所述电源适配器在所述第一快速充电模式下的充电电流高于在所述普通充电模式下的充电电流。
结合第二方面或其上述实现方式的任一种，在第二方面的另一种实现方式中，所述电源适配器在所述第一快速充电模式下的充电电流大于2.5A；或者，所述电源适配器的额定输出电流大于2.5A。
结合第二方面或其上述实现方式的任一种，在第二方面的另一种实现方式中，所述充电模式包括：普通充电模式和第二快速充电模式，其中，所述电源适配器在所述第二快速充电模式下的充电电压高于在所述普通充电模式下的充电电压。
结合第二方面或其上述实现方式的任一种，在第二方面的另一种实现方式中，所述电源适配器在所述第二快速充电模式下的充电电压为9V或12V；或者，所述电源适配器的额定输出电压为5V、9V和/或12V。
结合第二方面或其上述实现方式的任一种，在第二方面的另一种实现方式中，所述充电模式包括普通充电模式，第一快速充电模式和第二快速充电模式，其中，所述电源适配器在所述第一快速充电模式下的充电电流高于在所述普通充电模式下的充电电流，所述电源适配器在所述第二快速充电模式下的充电电压高于在所述普通充电模式下的充电电压，所述电压控制单元用于当所述终端确定出的充电模式为所述第一快速充电模式时，将所述功率转换单元的输出电压调节至所述第一快速充电模式对应的充电电流；所述电流控制单元用于当所述终端确定出的充电模式为所述第二快速充电模式时，将所述功率转换单元的输出电流调节至所述第二快速充电模式对应的充电电流。
结合第二方面或其上述实现方式的任一种，在第二方面的另一种实现方式中，所述电源适配器的充电接口与连接所述电源适配器和所述终端的充电线缆采用分离式设计。
结合第二方面或其上述实现方式的任一种，在第二方面的另一种实现方式中，所述充电接口与所述充电线缆之间使用USB A型接口进行连接。
本发明实施例中，电源适配器通过通信单元与终端协商充电模式，并根据通信单元确定出的充电模式为控制电源适配器的输出电压/输出电流，能够 有效避免盲目增大电源适配器的电压或电流所带来的手机发热甚至烧坏的现象。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案，下面将对本发明实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面所描述的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本发明实施例的终端的示意性框图。
图2是本发明实施例的电源适配器的示意性框图。
图3是本发明实施例的快充系统结构的示例图。
图4是线缆结构的示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都应属于本发明保护的范围。
图1是本发明实施例的终端的示意性框图。图1中的终端100包括电池110和充电接口120，所述终端100通过所述充电接口120从电源适配器引入充电电流，为所述电池110充电，所述终端100还包括：
通信单元130，通过所述充电接口120与所述电源适配器进行双向通信，确定所述终端100的充电模式。
本发明实施例中，电源适配器通过通信单元与终端协商充电模式，并根据通信单元确定出的充电模式为控制电源适配器的输出电压/输出电流，能够有效避免盲目增大电源适配器的电压或电流所带来的手机发热甚至烧坏的现象。
终端100的充电接口120可以兼容Micro-USB B型或Type-C接口规格。
对终端还可以提出以下电器性能要求：充电接口及充电控制电路应能根据自身需求进行正常安全充电，在整个充电过程中终端的最高温度不应大于55℃，且不能发生起火、爆炸及电路损坏的现象。
此外，终端内的充电控制电路可以有过压保护装置，当充电电压高于12V时(待定)过压保护装置可以启动。过压保护电路启动期间，其吸收电流不大于20mA。在整个过程中终端的最高温度不应大于55℃，且不能发生起火、爆炸及电路损坏的现象。恢复后终端应能正常工作。
此外，具有快充功能的终端应可以识别适配器是否满足快充要求，能够实时监控整个充电过程，并采取相应的充电模式。
可选地，作为一个实施例，所述充电模式包括：普通充电模式和第一快速充电模式，其中，所述电源适配器在所述第一快速充电模式下的充电电流高于在所述普通充电模式下的充电电流。
具体地，第一快速充电模式可以是通过提高电源适配器的输出电流(如大于2.5A)来提高终端充电功率和速率的充电方式。电压适配器在普通充电模式下，额定输出电压可以是5V，额定输出电流可以小于或等于2.5A。
可选地，作为一个实施例，所述第一快速充电模式下的充电电流大于2.5A，例如5A，容差可以为±5％。
可选地，作为一个实施例，所述充电模式包括：普通充电模式和第二快速充电模式，其中，所述第二快速充电模式下的充电电压高于所述普通充电模式下的充电电压。
具体地，第二快速充电模式可以是通过提高电源适配器的输出电压(如9V或12V)来提高终端充电功率和速率的充电方式。
可选地，作为一个实施例，所述第二快速充电模式下的充电电压为9V或12V；或者，电源适配器的额定输出电压为5V、9V和/或12V，容差可以为±5％。
可选地，作为一个实施例，所述第二快速充电模式下的充电电压为9V或12V。
可选地，作为一个实施例，所述充电模式包括普通充电模式，第一快速充电模式和第二快速充电模式，其中，所述第一快速充电模式下的充电电流高于所述普通充电模式下的充电电流，所述第二快速充电模式下的充电电压高于所述普通充电模式下的充电电压。
可选地，作为一个实施例，还包括：识别单元，用于识别所述电源适配器和终端100之间的充电线缆支持的充电模式；所述通信单元还用于根据所述识别单元识别出的所述充电线缆支持的充电模式，确定所述终端100的充 电模式。
可选地，作为一个实施例，所述识别单元具体用于向所述充电线缆中的控制芯片发送识别码，接收所述控制芯片返回的反馈码，判断所述反馈码是否正确，当所述反馈码正确时，确定所述充电线缆支持快速充电模式，当所述反馈码不正确时，确定所述充电线缆不支持快速充电模式。
可选地，作为一个实施例，所述充电模式包括普通充电模式和快速充电模式，且所述快速充电模式下的充电电流高于所述普通充电模式下的充电电流，所述通信单元具体用于当所述通信单元与所述终端100确定的充电模式为所述快速充电模式，且所述充电线缆支持所述快速充电模式时，确定最终的充电模式为快速充电模式，否则，确定最终的充电模式为普通充电模式。
可选地，作为一个实施例，所述电池110包括：检测单元，用于检测电芯的电压值/电流值，并向所述终端100发送检测到的所述电压值/电流值。
可选地，作为一个实施例，所述电池110还包括：第一过压保护单元和第二过压保护单元，所述第二过压保护单元在所述第一过压保护单元失效且所述电池内的电芯高于额定电压时切断所述电芯两端电压。
终端内的电池可以满足具有如下功能和要求：
首先，电池可以具有实时读取电芯电压值和电流值(电压与电流偏差不允许超过电芯允许的充电限值)并能够将该读取值精准发送给终端的功能。
其次，电池在充电的过程中各个器件的温升应不超过15℃。
其次，电池的循环寿命在温度上限和下限条件下，进行快速充电寿命试验应符合循环500次之后容量保持率达到80％以上的要求。
其次，实际容量大于等于额定容量。
其次，满足GB 31241要求。
其次，电池应具有二级防护的过压保护功能以防止电芯充电过压。当电池的电芯电压高于额定电压值时(额定电压值+0.1V，目前是4.4V，后续不确定，待定)，电池保护板的充电通路应能自动切断，启动过电压保护机制。
图2是本发明实施例的电源适配器的示意性框图。图2的电源适配器200包括功率转换单元210和充电接口220，所述功率转换单元210通过所述充电接口220为终端充电，所述电源适配器200还包括：
通信单元230，用于通过所述充电接口220与所述终端进行双向通信，以便所述终端确定充电模式；
电压控制单元和/或电流控制单元240，用于根据所述终端确定出的充电模式，控制所述功率转换单元210的输出电压和/或输出电流。
本发明实施例中，电源适配器通过通信单元与终端协商充电模式，并根据通信单元确定出的充电模式为控制电源适配器的输出电压/输出电流，能够有效避免盲目增大电源适配器的电压或电流所带来的手机发热甚至烧坏的现象。
可选地，作为一个实施例，所述充电模式包括：普通充电模式和第一快速充电模式，其中，所述电源适配器200在所述第一快速充电模式下的充电电流高于在所述普通充电模式下的充电电流。
可选地，作为一个实施例，所述电源适配器200在所述第一快速充电模式下的充电电流大于2.5A；或者，所述电源适配器200的额定输出电流大于2.5A。
可选地，作为一个实施例，所述充电模式包括：普通充电模式和第二快速充电模式，其中，所述电源适配器200在所述第二快速充电模式下的充电电压高于在所述普通充电模式下的充电电压。
可选地，作为一个实施例，所述电源适配器200在所述第二快速充电模式下的充电电压为9V或12V；或者，所述电源适配器200的额定输出电压为5V、9V和/或12V。
可选地，作为一个实施例，所述充电模式包括普通充电模式，第一快速充电模式和第二快速充电模式，其中，所述电源适配器200在所述第一快速充电模式下的充电电流高于在所述普通充电模式下的充电电流，所述电源适配器200在所述第二快速充电模式下的充电电压高于在所述普通充电模式下的充电电压，所述电压控制单元用于当所述终端确定出的充电模式为所述第一快速充电模式时，将所述功率转换单元210的输出电压调节至所述第一快速充电模式对应的充电电流；所述电流控制单元用于当所述终端确定出的充电模式为所述第二快速充电模式时，将所述功率转换单元210的输出电流调节至所述第二快速充电模式对应的充电电流。
可选地，作为一个实施例，所述电源适配器200的充电接口220与连接所述电源适配器200和所述终端的充电线缆采用分离式设计。
可选地，作为一个实施例，所述充电接口220与所述充电线缆之间使用USB A型接口进行连接。
此外，还可以要求电源适配器的设计满足以下电器性能要求：
输出电压波纹：
输入电压 模拟负载测试条件 输出纹波限值
100-240Vac/50-60Hz 0-参考输出电流 小于等于200mV峰峰值
短路电流
Figure PCTCN2015074050-appb-000001
在任何情况下，不论电源适配器是否插在电源上，由终端流向电源适配器的电流应不大于5mA。
电源适配器从交流电源通过电源适配器到达输出端口的接触电流应不超过20uA。
安全性能符合GB 4943.1的要求。
此外，快充电源适配器可以具备识别快充数据线和检测接口插接异常的功能。快充电源适配器应具有短路的自动保护功能。当故障排除后，适配器应能自动恢复工作。
此外，还可以对电源适配器的能效提出一定指标要求，如电源适配器实际的平均效率应不小于如下公式计算出来的数值:
平均效率≥0.0750*Ln(Pno)+0.561
式中:Pno—电源适配器额定输出功率，即额定输出电压乘以额定输出电流。
无负载能耗满足：
输入电压 模拟负载测试条件 功率消耗限值
220V/50Hz 开路 小于150mW
此外，可以要求充电接口的插拔力和插拔寿命满足：
连接插头与连接插座之间进行插拔,当插拔的速率不超过12.5mm/min时，将连接插头完全插入连接插座所需的力不应大于35N，将连接插头从连接插座中完全拔出所需的力应不小于10N。
在每小时200个周期的最大速率下插入/拔出3000个周期，插拔结束后机械结构应无损坏，将连接插头从连接插座中完全拔出所需的力应不小于8N。
下面结合具体例子，更加详细地描述本发明实施例。应注意，图3至图4的例子仅仅是为了帮助本领域技术人员理解本发明实施例，而非要将本发明实施例限于所例示的具体数值或具体场景。本领域技术人员根据所给出的图3至图4的例子，显然可以进行各种等价的修改或变化，这样的修改或变化也落入本发明实施例的范围内。
快充系统框架如图3所示，它包括移动终端(含电池)、快充线缆和快充适配器。移动终端主要包括电芯及其保护电路、快充电流控制电路模块、通信控制模以及充电接口。同时要求在线缆中设置供电源适配器和终端进行识别的加密电路模块，具体实现方式可以由厂家规定。快充适配器包括充电接口以及充电电压控制、电流控制、通信模块以及数据线识别模块。终端与适配器进行握手通信后，判断双方是否满足快充功能要求以及适合的快充模式，然后由适配器提供相应的电压和电流，对终端进行充电。适配器和线缆应采用分离式设计，采用USB A型接口进行连接。
充电适配器的设计可以考虑产品的纵向兼容性和横向兼容性，其中，横向兼容性是指快速充电适配器应能识别线缆和终端是否满足快充要求，并采取相应的充电模式；具有快充功能的终端应能识别适配器是否满足快充要求，并采取相应的充电模式。横向兼容性是指具有快速充电功能的适配器应能够为所有具有快充功能的终端提供相应的快充；具有快充功能的终端应能识别所有快充功能的适配器，并进行快速充电。
此外，可以要求电源适配器与终端之间的线缆的结构、材料等满足如下要求或指标：
1、线缆输入端应采用USB A型结构，线缆输出端应兼容Micro-USB B型或Type-C接口规格。
连接线缆用于数据传输和供电兼用功能时其结构应符合图4所示(与USB A系列连接线缆相同)要求。连接线缆由四根导线组成，其中两根为电源导线(VBUS为电源正极；GND为电源负极)，另外两根(D+、D-)为信号导线。
材料应满足GB/T 22727.1的要求。材料中多环芳烃(PAHs)的含量宜小于200mg/kg，苯并芘宜小于20mg/kg。
材料可采用聚乙烯(PE)或更优材料。
连接线缆长度不大于200cm。
外套应包围完全屏蔽的电源和信号线对，且应与镀锡铜导线的外部屏蔽直接连接。
用于支持升压快充的线缆，其最大电阻应不大于0.232Ω/m。
用于支持升流快充的线缆，其最大电阻应不大于0.1Ω/m。
USB A型和Micro-USB B型连接接口的绝缘电阻应不小于1000MΩ。
USB A型连接接口的绝缘材料应有承受交流电压有效值为500V，Micro-USB B型连接接口的绝缘材料应能承受交流电压有效值为100V。在持续时间为1min的耐压试验中，应无击穿、打火或飞弧现象。漏电不应超过0.5mA。
线缆(不包含连接器部分)的绝缘材料的阻燃性应达到V-1级或更优等级。
连接插头与连接插座之间进行插拔,当插拔的速率不超过12.5mm/min时，将连接插头完全插入连接插座所需的力不应大于35N，将连接插头从连接插座中完全拔出所需的力应不小于10N。
在每小时200个周期的最大速率下插入/拔出3000个周期，插拔结束后机械结构应无损坏，将连接插头从连接插座中完全拔出所需的力应不小于8N。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本发明的范围。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统、装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合 或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本发明各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。
所述功能如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本发明的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本发明各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(ROM，Read-Only Memory)、随机存取存储器(RAM，Random Access Memory)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述，仅为本发明的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应所述以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (19)

  1. 一种终端，包括电池和充电接口，所述终端通过所述充电接口从电源适配器引入充电电流，为所述电池充电，其特征在于，所述终端还包括：
    通信单元，通过所述充电接口与所述电源适配器进行双向通信，确定所述终端的充电模式。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的终端，其特征在于，所述充电模式包括：普通充电模式和第一快速充电模式，其中，所述电源适配器在所述第一快速充电模式下的充电电流高于在所述普通充电模式下的充电电流。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的终端，其特征在于，所述第一快速充电模式下的充电电流大于2.5A。
  4. 如权利要求1-3所述的终端，其特征在于，所述充电模式包括：普通充电模式和第二快速充电模式，其中，所述第二快速充电模式下的充电电压高于所述普通充电模式下的充电电压。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的终端，其特征在于，所述第二快速充电模式下的充电电压为9V或12V。
  6. 如权利要求1-5中任一项所述的终端，其特征在于，所述充电模式包括普通充电模式，第一快速充电模式和第二快速充电模式，其中，所述第一快速充电模式下的充电电流高于所述普通充电模式下的充电电流，所述第二快速充电模式下的充电电压高于所述普通充电模式下的充电电压。
  7. 如权利要求1-6中任一项所述的终端，其特征在于，还包括：
    识别单元，用于识别所述电源适配器和终端之间的充电线缆支持的充电模式；
    所述通信单元还用于根据所述识别单元识别出的所述充电线缆支持的充电模式，确定所述终端的充电模式。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的终端，其特征在于，所述识别单元具体用于向所述充电线缆中的控制芯片发送识别码，接收所述控制芯片返回的反馈码，判断所述反馈码是否正确，当所述反馈码正确时，确定所述充电线缆支持快速充电模式，当所述反馈码不正确时，确定所述充电线缆不支持快速充电模式。
  9. 如权利要求7或8所述的终端，其特征在于，所述充电模式包括普通充电模式和快速充电模式，且所述快速充电模式下的充电电流高于所述普 通充电模式下的充电电流，
    所述通信单元具体用于当所述通信单元与所述终端确定的充电模式为所述快速充电模式，且所述充电线缆支持所述快速充电模式时，确定最终的充电模式为快速充电模式，否则，确定最终的充电模式为普通充电模式。
  10. 如权利要求1-9中任一项所述的终端，其特征在于，所述电池包括：检测单元，用于检测电芯的电压值/电流值，并向所述终端发送检测到的所述电压值/电流值。
  11. 如权利要求1-10中任一项所述的终端，其特征在于，所述电池还包括：
    第一过压保护单元和第二过压保护单元，所述第二过压保护单元在所述第一过压保护单元失效且所述电池内的电芯高于额定电压时切断所述电芯两端电压。
  12. 一种电源适配器，包括功率转换单元和充电接口，所述功率转换单元通过所述充电接口为终端充电，其特征在于，所述电源适配器还包括：
    通信单元，用于通过所述充电接口与所述终端进行双向通信，以便所述终端确定充电模式；
    电压控制单元和/或电流控制单元，用于根据所述终端确定出的充电模式，控制所述功率转换单元的输出电压和/或输出电流。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的电源适配器，其特征在于，所述充电模式包括：普通充电模式和第一快速充电模式，其中，所述电源适配器在所述第一快速充电模式下的充电电流高于在所述普通充电模式下的充电电流。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的电源适配器，其特征在于，
    所述电源适配器在所述第一快速充电模式下的充电电流大于2.5A；或者，
    所述电源适配器的额定输出电流大于2.5A。
  15. 如权利要求12-14所述的电源适配器，其特征在于，所述充电模式包括：普通充电模式和第二快速充电模式，其中，所述电源适配器在所述第二快速充电模式下的充电电压高于在所述普通充电模式下的充电电压。
  16. 如权利要求15所述的电源适配器，其特征在于，
    所述电源适配器在所述第二快速充电模式下的充电电压为9V或12V；或者，
    所述电源适配器的额定输出电压为5V、9V和/或12V。
  17. 如权利要求12-16中任一项所述的电源适配器，其特征在于，所述充电模式包括普通充电模式，第一快速充电模式和第二快速充电模式，其中，所述电源适配器在所述第一快速充电模式下的充电电流高于在所述普通充电模式下的充电电流，所述电源适配器在所述第二快速充电模式下的充电电压高于在所述普通充电模式下的充电电压，
    所述电压控制单元用于当所述终端确定出的充电模式为所述第一快速充电模式时，将所述功率转换单元的输出电压调节至所述第一快速充电模式对应的充电电流；
    所述电流控制单元用于当所述终端确定出的充电模式为所述第二快速充电模式时，将所述功率转换单元的输出电流调节至所述第二快速充电模式对应的充电电流。
  18. 如权利要去12-17中任一项所述的电源适配器，其特征在于，所述电源适配器的充电接口与连接所述电源适配器和所述终端的充电线缆采用分离式设计。
  19. 如权利要求18所述的电源适配器，其特征在于，所述充电接口与所述充电线缆之间使用USB A型接口进行连接。
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EP3309924A1 (en) * 2016-10-12 2018-04-18 Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp., Ltd. Terminal and device
EP3340425A4 (en) * 2016-10-12 2019-09-25 Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp., Ltd. CHARGING DEVICE AND LOADING PROCEDURES
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US10916951B2 (en) 2016-10-12 2021-02-09 Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp., Ltd. Device to be charged and charging method
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US11056896B2 (en) 2016-10-12 2021-07-06 Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp., Ltd. Terminal and device
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EP4117141A3 (en) * 2016-10-12 2023-01-18 Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp., Ltd. Device to be charged and charging method
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US11515736B2 (en) 2017-04-07 2022-11-29 Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp., Ltd. Wireless charging system, wireless charging device and wireless charging method
US11171499B2 (en) 2017-04-13 2021-11-09 Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp., Ltd. Device to be charged with multiple charging channels, charging method, and charging control circuit with multiple charging channels
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BR112016028206B1 (pt) 2022-03-29
ES2742895T3 (es) 2020-02-17
CN106030970A (zh) 2016-10-12
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AU2015345857A1 (en) 2016-12-08
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CN108736539A (zh) 2018-11-02
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MX2016017129A (es) 2017-08-10
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US20170085109A1 (en) 2017-03-23
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PH12016502550B1 (en) 2020-02-28
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MY176505A (en) 2020-08-12
CN109768601A (zh) 2019-05-17
CN106030974A (zh) 2016-10-12
JP2017518727A (ja) 2017-07-06
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BR112016028206A2 (pt) 2017-08-22
WO2016074390A1 (zh) 2016-05-19
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