WO2016010036A1 - 感光性組成物及び化合物 - Google Patents
感光性組成物及び化合物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016010036A1 WO2016010036A1 PCT/JP2015/070160 JP2015070160W WO2016010036A1 WO 2016010036 A1 WO2016010036 A1 WO 2016010036A1 JP 2015070160 W JP2015070160 W JP 2015070160W WO 2016010036 A1 WO2016010036 A1 WO 2016010036A1
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- BHXIWUJLHYHGSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 3-ethoxypropanoate Chemical compound CCOCCC(=O)OCC BHXIWUJLHYHGSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IJUHLFUALMUWOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 3-methoxypropanoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CCOC IJUHLFUALMUWOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XYIBRDXRRQCHLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl acetoacetate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC(C)=O XYIBRDXRRQCHLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940117360 ethyl pyruvate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000000031 ethylamino group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])N([H])[*] 0.000 description 1
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- DPKBAXPHAYBPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylazanium;iodide Chemical compound [I-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC DPKBAXPHAYBPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- HWCKGOZZJDHMNC-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetraethylammonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC HWCKGOZZJDHMNC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- QIQITDHWZYEEPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiophene-2-carbonyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C1=CC=CS1 QIQITDHWZYEEPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
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- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- KOZCZZVUFDCZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinyl benzoate Chemical compound C=COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KOZCZZVUFDCZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001052 yellow pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/027—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds
- G03F7/028—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds with photosensitivity-increasing substances, e.g. photoinitiators
- G03F7/031—Organic compounds not covered by group G03F7/029
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C45/00—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds
- C07C45/45—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by condensation
- C07C45/46—Friedel-Crafts reactions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C201/00—Preparation of esters of nitric or nitrous acid or of compounds containing nitro or nitroso groups bound to a carbon skeleton
- C07C201/06—Preparation of nitro compounds
- C07C201/12—Preparation of nitro compounds by reactions not involving the formation of nitro groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C249/00—Preparation of compounds containing nitrogen atoms doubly-bound to a carbon skeleton
- C07C249/04—Preparation of compounds containing nitrogen atoms doubly-bound to a carbon skeleton of oximes
- C07C249/10—Preparation of compounds containing nitrogen atoms doubly-bound to a carbon skeleton of oximes from nitro compounds or salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C249/00—Preparation of compounds containing nitrogen atoms doubly-bound to a carbon skeleton
- C07C249/04—Preparation of compounds containing nitrogen atoms doubly-bound to a carbon skeleton of oximes
- C07C249/12—Preparation of compounds containing nitrogen atoms doubly-bound to a carbon skeleton of oximes by reactions not involving the formation of oxyimino groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C251/00—Compounds containing nitrogen atoms doubly-bound to a carbon skeleton
- C07C251/32—Oximes
- C07C251/34—Oximes with oxygen atoms of oxyimino groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to carbon atoms of unsubstituted hydrocarbon radicals
- C07C251/36—Oximes with oxygen atoms of oxyimino groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to carbon atoms of unsubstituted hydrocarbon radicals with the carbon atoms of the oxyimino groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms
- C07C251/40—Oximes with oxygen atoms of oxyimino groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to carbon atoms of unsubstituted hydrocarbon radicals with the carbon atoms of the oxyimino groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms to carbon atoms of an unsaturated carbon skeleton
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C251/00—Compounds containing nitrogen atoms doubly-bound to a carbon skeleton
- C07C251/32—Oximes
- C07C251/62—Oximes having oxygen atoms of oxyimino groups esterified
- C07C251/64—Oximes having oxygen atoms of oxyimino groups esterified by carboxylic acids
- C07C251/66—Oximes having oxygen atoms of oxyimino groups esterified by carboxylic acids with the esterifying carboxyl groups bound to hydrogen atoms, to acyclic carbon atoms or to carbon atoms of rings other than six-membered aromatic rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C255/00—Carboxylic acid nitriles
- C07C255/01—Carboxylic acid nitriles having cyano groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
- C07C255/32—Carboxylic acid nitriles having cyano groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms having cyano groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of a carbon skeleton containing at least one six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C255/40—Carboxylic acid nitriles having cyano groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms having cyano groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of a carbon skeleton containing at least one six-membered aromatic ring the carbon skeleton being further substituted by doubly-bound oxygen atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D333/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D333/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings
- C07D333/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings not substituted on the ring sulphur atom
- C07D333/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings not substituted on the ring sulphur atom with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to the ring carbon atoms
- C07D333/22—Radicals substituted by doubly bound hetero atoms, or by two hetero atoms other than halogen singly bound to the same carbon atom
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/46—Polymerisation initiated by wave energy or particle radiation
- C08F2/48—Polymerisation initiated by wave energy or particle radiation by ultraviolet or visible light
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/20—Filters
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- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/20—Filters
- G02B5/22—Absorbing filters
- G02B5/223—Absorbing filters containing organic substances, e.g. dyes, inks or pigments
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133509—Filters, e.g. light shielding masks
- G02F1/133514—Colour filters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/0005—Production of optical devices or components in so far as characterised by the lithographic processes or materials used therefor
- G03F7/0007—Filters, e.g. additive colour filters; Components for display devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/027—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/09—Photosensitive materials characterised by structural details, e.g. supports, auxiliary layers
- G03F7/105—Photosensitive materials characterised by structural details, e.g. supports, auxiliary layers having substances, e.g. indicators, for forming visible images
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2601/00—Systems containing only non-condensed rings
- C07C2601/06—Systems containing only non-condensed rings with a five-membered ring
- C07C2601/08—Systems containing only non-condensed rings with a five-membered ring the ring being saturated
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2601/00—Systems containing only non-condensed rings
- C07C2601/12—Systems containing only non-condensed rings with a six-membered ring
- C07C2601/14—The ring being saturated
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2603/00—Systems containing at least three condensed rings
- C07C2603/02—Ortho- or ortho- and peri-condensed systems
- C07C2603/04—Ortho- or ortho- and peri-condensed systems containing three rings
- C07C2603/06—Ortho- or ortho- and peri-condensed systems containing three rings containing at least one ring with less than six ring members
- C07C2603/10—Ortho- or ortho- and peri-condensed systems containing three rings containing at least one ring with less than six ring members containing five-membered rings
- C07C2603/12—Ortho- or ortho- and peri-condensed systems containing three rings containing at least one ring with less than six ring members containing five-membered rings only one five-membered ring
- C07C2603/18—Fluorenes; Hydrogenated fluorenes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a photosensitive composition, an insulating film and a color filter formed using the photosensitive composition, a display device including the insulating film or the color filter, and a photopolymerization initiator in the photosensitive composition.
- the present invention relates to a compound that is suitably blended.
- a display device such as a liquid crystal display has a structure in which a liquid crystal layer is sandwiched between two substrates on which a pair of electrodes are formed facing each other.
- a color filter composed of pixel regions of each color such as red (R), green (G), and blue (B) is formed inside one substrate.
- a black matrix is usually formed so as to partition each pixel region such as red, green, and blue.
- a color filter is manufactured by a lithography method. That is, first, a black photosensitive composition is applied onto a substrate, dried, then exposed to light and developed to form a black matrix. Next, coating, drying, exposure, and development are repeated for each color photosensitive composition such as red, green, and blue, and a color filter is manufactured by forming pixel regions of each color at specific positions.
- a photopolymerization initiator contained as a part of its components generates radicals by exposure.
- the photosensitive composition is cured by polymerizing the polymerizable compound contained in the photosensitive composition with the radicals. Therefore, it is known that the sensitivity of the photosensitive composition is affected by the type of photopolymerization initiator contained therein.
- the production amount of color filters has been increased in accordance with the increase in the number of liquid crystal display displays produced. For this reason, from the viewpoint of further improving productivity, there is a demand for a highly sensitive photosensitive composition that can form a pattern with a low exposure amount.
- Patent Document 1 proposes an oxime ester compound having a cycloalkyl group as a photopolymerization initiator that can improve the sensitivity of the photosensitive composition.
- compounds represented by the following chemical formulas (a) and (b) are specifically disclosed.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and is formed using a photosensitive composition excellent in sensitivity, an insulating film formed using the photosensitive composition, and the photosensitive composition.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a color filter, a display device including the insulating film or the color filter, and a compound that is suitably blended in the photosensitive composition as a photopolymerization initiator.
- the present inventors have a 9,9-disubstituted fluorenyl group in (B) the photopolymerization initiator. It has been found that the above-mentioned problems can be solved by including an oxime ester compound having a specific structure, and the present invention has been completed. Specifically, the present invention provides the following.
- the first aspect of the present invention includes (A) a photopolymerizable compound, and (B) a photopolymerization initiator, (B)
- the photopolymerization initiator is represented by the following formula (1): (R 1 is a hydrogen atom, a nitro group or a monovalent organic group, and R 2 and R 3 are each a chain alkyl group which may have a substituent, or a cyclic which may have a substituent. R 2 and R 3 may be bonded to each other to form a ring, R 4 is a monovalent organic group, and R 5 is a hydrogen atom or a substituent.
- It is a photosensitive composition containing the compound represented by these.
- the second aspect of the present invention is an insulating film formed using the photosensitive composition according to the first aspect.
- the third aspect of the present invention is a color filter formed using a photosensitive composition containing (C) a colorant among the photosensitive composition according to the first aspect.
- a fourth aspect of the present invention is a display device including the insulating film according to the second aspect or the color filter according to the third aspect.
- the fifth aspect of the present invention is a compound represented by the following formula (1).
- R 1 is a hydrogen atom, a nitro group or a monovalent organic group
- R 2 and R 3 are each a chain alkyl group which may have a substituent and a cyclic organic which may have a substituent.
- R 2 and R 3 may be bonded to each other to form a ring
- R 4 is a monovalent organic group
- R 5 has a hydrogen atom or a substituent.
- the sixth aspect of the present invention is a compound represented by the following formula (2).
- R 1 is a hydrogen atom, a nitro group or a monovalent organic group
- R 2 and R 3 are each a chain alkyl group which may have a substituent and a cyclic organic which may have a substituent.
- R 2 and R 3 may be bonded to each other to form a ring
- R 4 is a monovalent organic group
- n is an integer of 0 to 4
- the seventh aspect of the present invention is the following formula (1-1): An acyl group represented by —CO—R 4 is introduced into the compound represented by formula (1-3) by Friedel-Crafts acylation reaction: And a group represented by —CO—R 4 in the compound represented by formula (1-3) is represented by —C ( ⁇ N—OH) —R 4.
- a chain alkyl group which may be substituted, a cyclic organic group which may have a substituent, or a hydrogen atom, R 2 and R 3 may be bonded to each other to form a ring, and Hal is a halogen atom.
- An atom, R 4 is a monovalent organic group, n is an integer of 0 to 4,
- a method for producing a compound represented by formula (1-4), wherein R 4 contained in each of formula (1-3) and formula (1-4) may be the same or different. .
- the eighth aspect of the present invention is the following formula (1-1): An acyl group represented by —CO—CH 2 —R 4 is introduced into the compound represented by formula (2-1) by Friedel-Crafts acylation reaction: A compound represented by formula (2-1); and a methylene group present between R 4 and a carbonyl group in the compound represented by formula (2-1) is oximed to give the following formula (2-3): A step of obtaining a compound represented by: In formulas (1-1), (2-1), and (2-3), R 1 is a hydrogen atom, a nitro group, or a monovalent organic group, and R 2 and R 3 are each a substituent.
- a chain alkyl group that may have, a cyclic organic group that may have a substituent, or a hydrogen atom, R 2 and R 3 may be bonded to each other to form a ring;
- a halogen atom, R 4 is a monovalent organic group, n is an integer of 0 to 4,
- a method for producing a compound represented by formula (2-3), wherein R 4 contained in each of formula (2-1) and formula (2-3) may be the same or different. .
- the ninth aspect of the present invention is the following formula (2): (R 1 is a hydrogen atom, a nitro group or a monovalent organic group, and R 2 and R 3 are each a chain alkyl group which may have a substituent and a cyclic organic which may have a substituent.
- R 2 and R 3 may be bonded to each other to form a ring
- R 4 is a monovalent organic group
- n is an integer of 0 to 4
- a step of converting an oxime group contained in the compound represented by: to an oxime ester group represented by N—O—COR 5 ;
- R 5 is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 11 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, or an aryl group which may have a substituent. is there.
- a photosensitive composition having excellent sensitivity, an insulating film formed using the photosensitive composition, a color filter formed using the photosensitive composition, the insulating film, or the A display device provided with a color filter and a compound suitably blended as a photopolymerization initiator in the photosensitive composition can be provided.
- the photosensitive composition of the present invention contains (A) a photopolymerizable compound and (B) a photopolymerization initiator.
- the photopolymerization initiator includes an oxime ester compound having a specific structure having a 9,9-disubstituted fluorenyl group.
- the photosensitive composition may contain (C) a coloring agent and may contain (D) alkali-soluble resin.
- the (A) photopolymerizable compound (hereinafter also referred to as component (A)) contained in the photosensitive composition according to the present invention is not particularly limited, and a conventionally known photopolymerizable compound can be used. .
- a resin or monomer having an ethylenically unsaturated group is preferable, and it is more preferable to combine these.
- Resin having an ethylenically unsaturated group include (meth) acrylic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, monomethyl fumarate, monoethyl fumarate, 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether (meth) acrylate, ethylene Glycol monoethyl ether (meth) acrylate, glycerol (meth) acrylate, (meth) acrylamide, acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, isobutyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth) Acrylate, benzyl (meth) acrylate, ethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, diethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, triethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, Tra
- a resin obtained by further reacting a reaction product of an epoxy compound and an unsaturated group-containing carboxylic acid compound with a polybasic acid anhydride can be preferably used.
- the compound represented by the following formula (a1) is preferable.
- the compound represented by the formula (a1) itself is preferable in terms of high photocurability.
- X represents a group represented by the following formula (a2).
- R 1a each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a halogen atom
- R 2a each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group
- W represents a single bond or a group represented by the following structural formula (a3).
- “*” means a terminal of a bond of a divalent group.
- Y represents a residue obtained by removing an acid anhydride group (—CO—O—CO—) from a dicarboxylic acid anhydride.
- dicarboxylic acid anhydrides include maleic anhydride, succinic anhydride, itaconic anhydride, phthalic anhydride, tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, hexahydrophthalic anhydride, methylendomethylenetetrahydrophthalic anhydride, chlorendic anhydride, methyltetrahydro Examples thereof include phthalic anhydride and glutaric anhydride.
- Z represents a residue obtained by removing two acid anhydride groups from tetracarboxylic dianhydride.
- tetracarboxylic dianhydrides include pyromellitic anhydride, benzophenone tetracarboxylic dianhydride, biphenyl tetracarboxylic dianhydride, biphenyl ether tetracarboxylic dianhydride, and the like.
- a represents an integer of 0 to 20.
- the acid value of the resin having an ethylenically unsaturated group is preferably 10 to 150 mgKOH / g, more preferably 70 to 110 mgKOH / g in terms of resin solids.
- An acid value of 10 mgKOH / g or more is preferable because sufficient solubility in a developer can be obtained.
- the mass average molecular weight of the resin having an ethylenically unsaturated group is preferably 1000 to 40000, more preferably 2000 to 30000.
- a mass average molecular weight of 1000 or more is preferable because good heat resistance and film strength can be obtained.
- Monomers having an ethylenically unsaturated group include monofunctional monomers and polyfunctional monomers. Hereinafter, the monofunctional monomer and the polyfunctional monomer will be described in order.
- Monofunctional monomers include (meth) acrylamide, methylol (meth) acrylamide, methoxymethyl (meth) acrylamide, ethoxymethyl (meth) acrylamide, propoxymethyl (meth) acrylamide, butoxymethoxymethyl (meth) acrylamide, N-methylol ( (Meth) acrylamide, N-hydroxymethyl (meth) acrylamide, (meth) acrylic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, maleic anhydride, itaconic acid, itaconic anhydride, citraconic acid, citraconic anhydride, crotonic acid, 2-acrylamide- 2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, tert-butylacrylamidesulfonic acid, methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, butyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylic , Cyclohexyl (meth) acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl
- Polyfunctional monomers include ethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, diethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, tetraethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, propylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, polypropylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, butylene glycol di ( (Meth) acrylate, neopentyl glycol di (meth) acrylate, 1,6-hexane glycol di (meth) acrylate, trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate, glycerin di (meth) acrylate, pentaerythritol triacrylate, pentaerythritol tetraacrylate , Dipentaerythritol pentaacrylate, dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate, pentaerythritol di (meth) a Relate, pentaerythritol tri (meth) acrylate
- the content of the photopolymerizable compound as component (A) is preferably 10 to 99.9 parts by mass with respect to a total of 100 parts by mass of the solid content of the photosensitive composition.
- (A) By making content of a component into 10 mass parts or more with respect to 100 mass parts in total of solid content, the film
- the photosensitive composition which concerns on this invention contains the (B) photoinitiator (henceforth (B) component) containing the compound represented by following formula (1). Since the photosensitive composition of this invention contains the compound represented by following formula (1) as (B) photoinitiator, it is very excellent in a sensitivity. For this reason, by using the photosensitive composition of the present invention, a pattern having a desired shape can be formed with a low exposure amount. Moreover, by using the photosensitive composition according to the present invention having excellent sensitivity, pattern peeling at the time of pattern formation can be suppressed, and occurrence of rattling that occurs at the edge of the pattern when forming a line pattern can be suppressed. .
- the bottom of the coating film of the photosensitive composition is hard to be cured due to the influence of the light-shielding agent, so that an undercut tends to occur in the formed pattern. That is a problem.
- the cross section 1 which is a cross section in the width direction of the pattern is larger than the width of the base 1a. It is generally desirable that the top side 1b has a trapezoidal shape with a slightly narrow width. At this time, the angle ⁇ formed between the cross section 1 of the pattern and the color filter substrate (not shown) is an acute angle close to 90 °.
- the undercut 21 may occur at both ends of the base 2a in the cross section 2 which is a cross section in the width direction. At this time, an angle ⁇ between the cross section 2 of the pattern and the substrate (not shown) is an obtuse angle.
- Excellent water resistance is desired for various patterns formed using the photosensitive composition so as not to peel from the substrate due to moisture or the like.
- a photosensitive composition containing a photopolymerization initiator (B) containing a compound represented by the following formula (1) it forms a pattern with excellent water resistance that does not easily peel off from the substrate even when it comes into contact with water. Cheap.
- the pattern formed using the photosensitive composition may contain foreign substances generated due to the aggregation of the initiator and the resin during the pattern formation.
- a photosensitive composition containing (B) a photopolymerization initiator containing a compound represented by the following formula (1) is used, it is easy to form a pattern with a small amount of foreign matter.
- R 1 is a hydrogen atom, a nitro group or a monovalent organic group
- R 2 and R 3 are each a chain alkyl group which may have a substituent and a cyclic organic which may have a substituent.
- R 2 and R 3 may be bonded to each other to form a ring
- R 4 is a monovalent organic group
- R 5 has a hydrogen atom or a substituent.
- R 1 is a hydrogen atom, a nitro group, or a monovalent organic group.
- R 1 is bonded to a 6-membered aromatic ring different from the 6-membered aromatic ring bonded to the group represented by — (CO) m — on the fluorene ring in the formula (1).
- the bonding position of R 1 to the fluorene ring is not particularly limited.
- the compound represented by the formula (1) has one or more R 1 , one of the one or more R 1 is a fluorene ring because the synthesis of the compound represented by the formula (1) is easy. Bonding at the 2-position is preferable.
- R 1 is plural, the plural R 1 may be the same or different.
- R 1 is not particularly limited as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired, and is appropriately selected from various organic groups.
- R 1 is an organic group include an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a cycloalkyl group, a cycloalkoxy group, a saturated aliphatic acyl group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, a saturated aliphatic acyloxy group, and a substituent.
- R 1 is an alkyl group
- the alkyl group preferably has 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and more preferably 1 to 6 carbon atoms. Further, when R 1 is an alkyl group, it may be linear or branched. Specific examples when R 1 is an alkyl group include a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, an isobutyl group, a sec-butyl group, a tert-butyl group, and an n-pentyl group.
- R 1 is an alkyl group
- the alkyl group may contain an ether bond (—O—) in the carbon chain.
- alkyl group having an ether bond in the carbon chain examples include a methoxyethyl group, an ethoxyethyl group, a methoxyethoxyethyl group, an ethoxyethoxyethyl group, a propyloxyethoxyethyl group, and a methoxypropyl group.
- R 1 is an alkoxy group
- the number of carbon atoms of the alkoxy group is preferably 1-20, and more preferably 1-6. Further, when R 1 is an alkoxy group, it may be linear or branched. Specific examples when R 1 is an alkoxy group include methoxy group, ethoxy group, n-propyloxy group, isopropyloxy group, n-butyloxy group, isobutyloxy group, sec-butyloxy group, tert-butyloxy group, n -Pentyloxy group, isopentyloxy group, sec-pentyloxy group, tert-pentyloxy group, n-hexyloxy group, n-heptyloxy group, n-octyloxy group, isooctyloxy group, sec-octoxyl group, Examples thereof include a tert-octyloxy group, an n-nonyloxy group, an isonony
- R 1 is an alkoxy group
- the alkoxy group may contain an ether bond (—O—) in the carbon chain.
- the alkoxy group having an ether bond in the carbon chain include a methoxyethoxy group, an ethoxyethoxy group, a methoxyethoxyethoxy group, an ethoxyethoxyethoxy group, a propyloxyethoxyethoxy group, and a methoxypropyloxy group.
- R 1 is a cycloalkyl group or a cycloalkoxy group
- the cycloalkyl group or cycloalkoxy group preferably has 3 to 10 carbon atoms, and more preferably 3 to 6 carbon atoms.
- Specific examples of when R 1 is a cycloalkyl group include a cyclopropyl group, a cyclobutyl group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, and a cyclooctyl group.
- R 1 is a cycloalkoxy group
- R 1 is a cycloalkoxy group
- R 1 is a cycloalkoxy group
- R 1 is a cycloalkoxy group
- R 1 is a saturated aliphatic acyl group or a saturated aliphatic acyloxy group
- the saturated aliphatic acyl group or the saturated aliphatic acyloxy group preferably has 2 to 21 carbon atoms, more preferably 2 to 7.
- R 1 is a saturated aliphatic acyl group
- R 1 is a saturated aliphatic acyl group
- examples in the case where R 1 is a saturated aliphatic acyl group include acetyl group, propanoyl group, n-butanoyl group, 2-methylpropanoyl group, n-pentanoyl group, 2,2-dimethylpropanoyl group, n -Hexanoyl group, n-heptanoyl group, n-octanoyl group, n-nonanoyl group, n-decanoyl group, n-undecanoyl group, n-dodecanoyl group, n-tridecanoyl group, n-tetradecanoyl group, n-pentadecane group
- R 1 is a saturated aliphatic acyloxy group
- R 1 is a saturated aliphatic acyloxy group
- R 1 is an alkoxycarbonyl group
- the number of carbon atoms of the alkoxycarbonyl group is preferably 2-20, and more preferably 2-7.
- Specific examples when R 1 is an alkoxycarbonyl group include methoxycarbonyl group, ethoxycarbonyl group, n-propyloxycarbonyl group, isopropyloxycarbonyl group, n-butyloxycarbonyl group, isobutyloxycarbonyl group, sec-butyl Oxycarbonyl group, tert-butyloxycarbonyl group, n-pentyloxycarbonyl group, isopentyloxycarbonyl group, sec-pentyloxycarbonyl group, tert-pentyloxycarbonyl group, n-hexyloxycarbonyl group, n-heptyloxycarbonyl Group, n-octyloxycarbonyl group, isooctyloxycarbonyl group, sec-oc
- R 1 is a phenylalkyl group
- the phenylalkyl group preferably has 7 to 20 carbon atoms, and more preferably 7 to 10 carbon atoms.
- R 1 is a naphthylalkyl group
- the number of carbon atoms in the naphthylalkyl group is preferably 11-20, and more preferably 11-14.
- Specific examples when R 1 is a phenylalkyl group include a benzyl group, a 2-phenylethyl group, a 3-phenylpropyl group, and a 4-phenylbutyl group.
- R 1 is a naphthylalkyl group
- R 1 is a naphthylalkyl group
- R 1 may further have a substituent on the phenyl group or naphthyl group.
- R 1 is a heterocyclyl group
- the heterocyclyl group is a 5-membered or 6-membered monocycle containing one or more N, S, and O, such monocycles, or such monocycles and benzene rings are condensed.
- Heterocyclyl group When the heterocyclyl group is a condensed ring, the number of condensed rings is 3 or less.
- the heterocyclyl group may be an aromatic group (heteroaryl group) or a non-aromatic group.
- heterocyclic ring constituting the heterocyclyl group examples include furan, thiophene, pyrrole, oxazole, isoxazole, thiazole, thiadiazole, isothiazole, imidazole, pyrazole, triazole, pyridine, pyrazine, pyrimidine, pyridazine, benzofuran, benzothiophene, indole, Examples include isoindole, indolizine, benzimidazole, benzotriazole, benzoxazole, benzothiazole, carbazole, purine, quinoline, isoquinoline, quinazoline, phthalazine, cinnoline, quinoxaline, piperidine, piperazine, morpholine, piperidine, tetrahydropyran, and tetrahydrofuran. It is done.
- R 1 is a heterocyclyl group
- the heterocyclyl group may further have
- R 1 is a heterocyclylcarbonyl group
- the heterocyclyl group contained in the heterocyclylcarbonyl group is the same as when R 1 is a heterocyclyl group.
- R 1 is an amino group substituted with an organic group having 1 or 2
- suitable examples of the organic group include alkyl groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl groups having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, and carbon atoms.
- Specific examples of these suitable organic groups are the same as those for R 1 .
- Specific examples of the amino group substituted with one or two organic groups include methylamino group, ethylamino group, diethylamino group, n-propylamino group, di-n-propylamino group, isopropylamino group, n- Butylamino group, di-n-butylamino group, n-pentylamino group, n-hexylamino group, n-heptylamino group, n-octylamino group, n-nonylamino group, n-decylamino group, phenylamino group, Naphthylamino group, acetylamino group, propanoylamino group, n-butanoylamino group, n-pentanoylamino group, n-hexanoylamino group, n-h
- phenyl group, naphthyl group, and heterocyclyl group contained in R 1 further have a substituent
- substituents include an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and a carbon atom.
- a dialkylamino group having an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a morpholin-1-yl group, a piperazin-1-yl group, a halogen, a nitro group, and a cyano group are examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a morpholin-1-yl group, a piperazin-1-yl group, a halogen, a nitro group, and a cyano group.
- the number of the substituent is not limited as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired, but 1 to 4 is preferable.
- the phenyl group, naphthyl group, and heterocyclyl group contained in R 1 have a plurality of substituents, the plurality of substituents may be the same or different.
- R 1 is preferably a nitro group or a group represented by R 6 —CO— because the sensitivity tends to be improved.
- R 6 is not particularly limited as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired, and can be selected from various organic groups. Examples of suitable groups as R 6 include an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a phenyl group which may have a substituent, a naphthyl group which may have a substituent, and a substituent. Or a heterocyclyl group that may be used.
- R 6 is particularly preferably a 2-methylphenyl group, a thiophen-2-yl group, or an ⁇ -naphthyl group.
- R 1 a hydrogen atom is preferable because transparency tends to be good. When R 1 is a hydrogen atom and R 4 is a group represented by the following formula (R4-2), the transparency tends to be better.
- R 2 and R 3 are each a chain alkyl group that may have a substituent, a cyclic organic group that may have a substituent, or a hydrogen atom. R 2 and R 3 may be bonded to each other to form a ring. Among these groups, R 2 and R 3 are preferably chain alkyl groups which may have a substituent. When R 2 and R 3 are chain alkyl groups which may have a substituent, the chain alkyl group may be a linear alkyl group or a branched alkyl group.
- R 2 and R 3 are chain alkyl groups having no substituent
- the number of carbon atoms of the chain alkyl group is preferably 1-20, more preferably 1-10, and particularly preferably 1-6.
- Specific examples when R 2 and R 3 are chain alkyl groups include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl groups N-pentyl group, isopentyl group, sec-pentyl group, tert-pentyl group, n-hexyl group, n-heptyl group, n-octyl group, isooctyl group, sec-octyl group, tert-octyl group, n-nonyl Group, isononyl group, n-decyl group, isodecyl group and the like.
- the alkyl group may contain an ether bond (—O—) in the carbon chain.
- the alkyl group having an ether bond in the carbon chain include a methoxyethyl group, an ethoxyethyl group, a methoxyethoxyethyl group, an ethoxyethoxyethyl group, a propyloxyethoxyethyl group, and a methoxypropyl group.
- R 2 and R 3 are a chain alkyl group having a substituent
- the number of carbon atoms of the chain alkyl group is preferably 1-20, more preferably 1-10, and particularly preferably 1-6. In this case, the number of carbon atoms of the substituent is not included in the number of carbon atoms of the chain alkyl group.
- the chain alkyl group having a substituent is preferably linear.
- the substituent that the alkyl group may have is not particularly limited as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired.
- Preferable examples of the substituent include a cyano group, a halogen atom, a cyclic organic group, and an alkoxycarbonyl group.
- halogen atom examples include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom. In these, a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, and a bromine atom are preferable.
- cyclic organic group examples include a cycloalkyl group, an aromatic hydrocarbon group, and a heterocyclyl group. Specific examples of the cycloalkyl group are the same as the preferred examples in the case where R 1 is a cycloalkyl group.
- aromatic hydrocarbon group include a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a biphenylyl group, an anthryl group, and a phenanthryl group.
- heterocyclyl group is the same as the preferred examples when R 1 is a heterocyclyl group.
- R 1 is an alkoxycarbonyl group
- the alkoxy group contained in the alkoxycarbonyl group may be linear or branched, and is preferably linear.
- the number of carbon atoms of the alkoxy group contained in the alkoxycarbonyl group is preferably 1 to 10, and more preferably 1 to 6.
- the number of substituents is not particularly limited.
- the number of preferred substituents varies depending on the number of carbon atoms in the chain alkyl group.
- the number of substituents is typically 1 to 20, preferably 1 to 10, and more preferably 1 to 6.
- the cyclic organic group may be an alicyclic group or an aromatic group.
- the cyclic organic group include an aliphatic cyclic hydrocarbon group, an aromatic hydrocarbon group, and a heterocyclyl group.
- R 2 and R 3 are cyclic organic groups, the substituents that the cyclic organic group may have are the same as when R 2 and R 3 are chain alkyl groups.
- R 2 and R 3 are aromatic hydrocarbon groups
- a group formed by condensation of a plurality of benzene rings is preferred.
- the aromatic hydrocarbon group is a phenyl group or a group formed by combining or condensing a plurality of benzene rings
- the number of benzene rings contained in the aromatic hydrocarbon group is not particularly limited, 3 or less is preferable, 2 or less is more preferable, and 1 is particularly preferable.
- Preferable specific examples of the aromatic hydrocarbon group include a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a biphenylyl group, an anthryl group, and a phenanthryl group.
- the aliphatic cyclic hydrocarbon group may be monocyclic or polycyclic.
- the number of carbon atoms in the aliphatic cyclic hydrocarbon group is not particularly limited, but is preferably 3 to 20, and more preferably 3 to 10.
- monocyclic hydrocarbon groups include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, norbornyl, isobornyl, tricyclononyl, tricyclodecyl, Examples include a tetracyclododecyl group and an adamantyl group.
- the heterocyclyl group is a 5-membered or 6-membered monocycle containing one or more N, S, O, such monocycles, or such monocycles and a benzene ring. And a condensed heterocyclyl group.
- the heterocyclyl group is a condensed ring, the number of condensed rings is 3 or less.
- the heterocyclyl group may be an aromatic group (heteroaryl group) or a non-aromatic group.
- heterocyclic ring constituting the heterocyclyl group examples include furan, thiophene, pyrrole, oxazole, isoxazole, thiazole, thiadiazole, isothiazole, imidazole, pyrazole, triazole, pyridine, pyrazine, pyrimidine, pyridazine, benzofuran, benzothiophene, indole, Examples include isoindole, indolizine, benzimidazole, benzotriazole, benzoxazole, benzothiazole, carbazole, purine, quinoline, isoquinoline, quinazoline, phthalazine, cinnoline, quinoxaline, piperidine, piperazine, morpholine, piperidine, tetrahydropyran, and tetrahydrofuran. It is done.
- R 2 and R 3 may be bonded to each other to form a ring.
- the group consisting of the ring formed by R 2 and R 3 is preferably a cycloalkylidene group.
- the ring constituting the cycloalkylidene group is preferably a 5-membered ring to a 6-membered ring, and more preferably a 5-membered ring.
- the cycloalkylidene group may be condensed with one or more other rings.
- the ring that may be condensed with the cycloalkylidene group include benzene ring, naphthalene ring, cyclobutane ring, cyclopentane ring, cyclohexane ring, cycloheptane ring, cyclooctane ring, furan ring, thiophene ring, pyrrole ring, pyridine A ring, a pyrazine ring, and a pyrimidine ring.
- R 2 and R 3 examples include groups represented by the formula -A 1 -A 2 .
- a 1 is a linear alkylene group
- a 2 is an alkoxy group, a cyano group, a halogen atom, a halogenated alkyl group, a cyclic organic group, or an alkoxycarbonyl group.
- the number of carbon atoms of the linear alkylene group for A 1 is preferably 1 to 10, and more preferably 1 to 6.
- a 2 is an alkoxy group
- the alkoxy group may be linear or branched, and is preferably linear.
- the number of carbon atoms of the alkoxy group is preferably 1 to 10, and more preferably 1 to 6.
- a 2 is a halogen atom, a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom and an iodine atom are preferable, and a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom and a bromine atom are more preferable.
- the halogen atom contained in the halogenated alkyl group is preferably a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, or an iodine atom, and more preferably a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, or a bromine atom.
- the halogenated alkyl group may be linear or branched, and is preferably linear.
- a 2 is a cyclic organic group
- examples of the cyclic organic group are the same as the cyclic organic group that R 2 and R 3 have as a substituent.
- a 2 is an alkoxycarbonyl group
- examples of the alkoxycarbonyl group are the same as the alkoxycarbonyl group that R 2 and R 3 have as a substituent.
- R 2 and R 3 include an alkyl group such as an ethyl group, n-propyl group, n-butyl group, n-hexyl group, n-heptyl group, and n-octyl group; 2-methoxyethyl Group, 3-methoxy-n-propyl group, 4-methoxy-n-butyl group, 5-methoxy-n-pentyl group, 6-methoxy-n-hexyl group, 7-methoxy-n-heptyl group, 8-methoxy -N-octyl group, 2-ethoxyethyl group, 3-ethoxy-n-propyl group, 4-ethoxy-n-butyl group, 5-ethoxy-n-pentyl group, 6-ethoxy-n-hexyl group, 7- Alkoxyalkyl groups such as ethoxy-n-heptyl group and 8-ethoxy-n-oct
- R 2 and R 3 preferred groups among the above are ethyl group, n-propyl group, n-butyl group, n-pentyl group, 2-methoxyethyl group, 2-cyanoethyl group, 2-phenylethyl group, 2-cyclohexylethyl group, 2-methoxycarbonylethyl group, 2-chloroethyl group, 2-bromoethyl group, 3,3,3-trifluoropropyl group, and 3,3,4,4,5,5,5-hepta A fluoro-n-pentyl group;
- Suitable organic groups for R 4 include, as with R 1 , an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a cycloalkyl group, a cycloalkoxy group, a saturated aliphatic acyl group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, a saturated aliphatic acyloxy group, and a substituent.
- R 4 is also preferably a cycloalkylalkyl group, a phenoxyalkyl group optionally having a substituent on the aromatic ring, or a phenylthioalkyl group optionally having a substituent on the aromatic ring.
- the substituent that the phenoxyalkyl group and the phenylthioalkyl group may have is the same as the substituent that the phenyl group contained in R 1 may have.
- Alkyl groups are preferred.
- an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms is preferable, an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms is more preferable, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms is particularly preferable, and a methyl group is most preferable.
- a methylphenyl group is preferable, and a 2-methylphenyl group is more preferable.
- the number of carbon atoms of the cycloalkyl group contained in the cycloalkylalkyl group is preferably 5 to 10, more preferably 5 to 8, and particularly preferably 5 or 6.
- the number of carbon atoms of the alkylene group contained in the cycloalkylalkyl group is preferably 1 to 8, more preferably 1 to 4, and particularly preferably 2.
- a cyclopentylethyl group is preferred.
- the number of carbon atoms of the alkylene group contained in the phenylthioalkyl group which may have a substituent on the aromatic ring is preferably 1 to 8, more preferably 1 to 4, and particularly preferably 2.
- a 2- (4-chlorophenylthio) ethyl group is preferred.
- R 4 a group represented by —A 3 —CO—O—A 4 is also preferable.
- a 3 is a divalent organic group, preferably a divalent hydrocarbon group, and more preferably an alkylene group.
- a 4 is a monovalent organic group, and is preferably a monovalent hydrocarbon group.
- the alkylene group may be linear or branched, and is preferably linear.
- the alkylene group preferably has 1 to 10 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 6, and particularly preferably 1 to 4.
- Preferable examples of A 4 include an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an aralkyl group having 7 to 20 carbon atoms, and an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms.
- Preferred examples of A 4 include methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, isobutyl group, sec-butyl group, tert-butyl group, n-pentyl group, n-hexyl.
- Preferable specific examples of the group represented by —A 3 —CO—O—A 4 include 2-methoxycarbonylethyl group, 2-ethoxycarbonylethyl group, 2-n-propyloxycarbonylethyl group, 2-n -Butyloxycarbonylethyl group, 2-n-pentyloxycarbonylethyl group, 2-n-hexyloxycarbonylethyl group, 2-benzyloxycarbonylethyl group, 2-phenoxycarbonylethyl group, 3-methoxycarbonyl-n-propyl Group, 3-ethoxycarbonyl-n-propyl group, 3-n-propyloxycarbonyl-n-propyl group, 3-n-butyloxycarbonyl-n-propyl group, 3-n-pentyloxycarbonyl-n-propyl group , 3-n-hexyloxycarbonyl-n-propyl group, 3-benzyloxycarbonyl -n- propyl
- R 4 preferably a group represented by the following formula (R4-1) or (R4-2).
- R 7 and R 8 are each an organic group
- p is an integer of 0 to 4
- R 7 and R 8 are adjacent positions on the benzene ring.
- R 7 and R 8 may combine with each other to form a ring
- q is an integer of 1 to 8
- r is an integer of 1 to 5
- s is 0 to (r + 3 )
- R 9 is an organic group.
- R 7 and R 8 in formula (R4-1) are the same as those for R 1 .
- R 7 is preferably an alkyl group or a phenyl group.
- the number of carbon atoms is preferably 1 to 10, more preferably 1 to 5, particularly preferably 1 to 3, and most preferably 1. That is, R 7 is most preferably a methyl group.
- the ring may be an aromatic ring or an aliphatic ring.
- R4-1 Preferable examples of the group represented by the formula (R4-1) in which R 7 and R 8 form a ring include naphthalen-1-yl group, 1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydronaphthalen-5-yl group and the like can be mentioned.
- p is an integer of 0 to 4, preferably 0 or 1, and more preferably 0.
- R 9 is an organic group.
- the organic group include the same groups as those described for R 1 .
- an alkyl group is preferred.
- the alkyl group may be linear or branched.
- the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group is preferably 1 to 10, more preferably 1 to 5, and particularly preferably 1 to 3.
- R 9 is preferably exemplified by a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, a butyl group, and among these, a methyl group is more preferable.
- r is an integer of 1 to 5, preferably an integer of 1 to 3, and more preferably 1 or 2.
- s is 0 to (r + 3), preferably an integer of 0 to 3, more preferably an integer of 0 to 2, and particularly preferably 0.
- q is an integer of 1 to 8, preferably an integer of 1 to 5, more preferably an integer of 1 to 3, and particularly preferably 1 or 2.
- R 5 is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 11 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, or an aryl group which may have a substituent.
- Preferred examples of the substituent that may be present when R 5 is an alkyl group include a phenyl group and a naphthyl group.
- Preferred examples of the substituent that R 1 may have when it is an aryl group include an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group, and a halogen atom.
- R 5 is preferably a hydrogen atom, methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, phenyl group, benzyl group, methylphenyl group, naphthyl group, or the like. Among these, a methyl group or a phenyl group is more preferable.
- the content of the photopolymerization initiator as the component (B) is preferably 0.001 to 30 parts by mass, and 0.1 to 20 parts by mass with respect to a total of 100 parts by mass of the solid content of the photosensitive composition. Is more preferable, and 0.5 to 10 parts by mass is even more preferable.
- the content of the photopolymerization initiator as the component (B) is preferably 0.1 to 50% by mass with respect to the sum of the components (A) and (B), and is preferably 0.5 to 30%. More preferably, it is more preferably 1 to 20% by mass.
- the content of the compound represented by the following formula (1) may be, for example, in the range of 1 to 100% by mass with respect to the total component (B), preferably 50% by mass or more, and 70 to 100% by mass. It is more preferable that
- the compound represented by the formula (1) in the component (B) may be used alone or in combination of two or more. When two or more are used, the following (i) to (iii) are preferable.
- the compounding ratio (mass ratio) of each compound by the combination of (i) to (iii) above may be appropriately adjusted according to the characteristics such as the desired sensitivity. For example, it is preferably 1:99 to 99: 1, more preferably 10:90 to 90:10, and even more preferably 30:70 to 70; 30.
- the manufacturing method of the compound represented by Formula (1) is not specifically limited.
- the compound represented by the formula (1) is preferably an oxime group ( ⁇ N—OH) contained in the compound represented by the following formula (2), represented by ⁇ N—O—COR 5 Manufactured by a method including a step of converting into a group.
- R 5 is the same as R 5 in the formula (1).
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , m and n are the same as in formula (1).
- N is an integer of 0 to 4, and m is 0 or 1.
- the method for converting the oxime group ( ⁇ N—OH) into the oxime ester group represented by ⁇ N—O—COR 5 is not particularly limited. Typically, a method of reacting a hydroxyl group in the oxime group with an acylating agent that gives an acyl group represented by —COR 5 can be mentioned.
- the acylating agent include an acid anhydride represented by (R 5 CO) 2 O and an acid halide represented by R 5 COHal (Hal is a halogen atom).
- the compound represented by the formula (1) can be synthesized according to the following scheme 1, for example.
- a fluorene derivative represented by the following formula (1-1) is used as a raw material.
- R 1 is a nitro group or a monovalent organic group
- the fluorene derivative represented by the formula (1-1) is converted into a fluorene derivative substituted at the 9-position with R 2 and R 3 by a known method. It can be obtained by introducing the substituent R 1 .
- the fluorene derivative substituted at the 9-position with R 2 and R 3 is, for example, an alkali metal hydroxide when R 2 and R 3 are alkyl groups, as described in JP-A-06-234668.
- an alkylating agent such as an alkyl halide, an aqueous solution of an alkali metal hydroxide, and a phase transfer catalyst such as tetrabutylammonium iodide or potassium tert-butoxide are added to an organic solvent solution of fluorene.
- a phase transfer catalyst such as tetrabutylammonium iodide or potassium tert-butoxide
- An acyl group represented by —CO—R 4 is introduced into the fluorene derivative represented by the formula (1-1) by Friedel-Crafts acylation reaction, and the fluorene derivative represented by the formula (1-3) can get.
- the acylating agent for introducing the acyl group represented by —CO—R 4 may be a halocarbonyl compound or an acid anhydride.
- a halocarbonyl compound represented by the formula (1-2) is preferable.
- Hal is a halogen atom.
- the position at which the acyl group is introduced on the fluorene ring can be selected by changing the Friedel-Crafts reaction conditions as appropriate, or by performing protection and deprotection at other positions where acylation is performed. it can.
- the group represented by —CO—R 4 in the obtained fluorene derivative represented by the formula (1-3) is converted into a group represented by —C ( ⁇ N—OH) —R 4 .
- An oxime compound represented by the formula (1-4) is obtained.
- the method for converting the group represented by —CO—R 4 into the group represented by —C ( ⁇ N—OH) —R 4 is not particularly limited, but oximation with hydroxylamine is preferred.
- An oxime compound of the formula (1-4) and an acid anhydride ((R 5 CO) 2 O) represented by the following formula (1-5) or an acid halide represented by the following formula (1-6) ( A compound represented by the following formula (1-7) can be obtained by reacting R 5 COHal, Hal is a halogen atom.
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , and R 5 are the same as those in the formula (1).
- R 4 contained in each of formula (1-2), formula (1-3), and formula (1-4) may be the same or different. That is, R 4 in formula (1-2), formula (1-3), and formula (1-4) may undergo chemical modification in the synthesis process shown as scheme 1. Examples of chemical modification include esterification, etherification, acylation, amidation, halogenation, substitution of a hydrogen atom in an amino group with an organic group, and the like. The chemical modification that R 4 may undergo is not limited thereto.
- the compound represented by the formula (1) can be synthesized, for example, according to the following scheme 2.
- a fluorene derivative represented by the following formula (2-1) is used as a raw material.
- the fluorene derivative represented by the formula (2-1) is converted into a compound represented by the formula (1-1) by the same method as in the scheme 1, and is represented by —CO—CH 2 —R 4 by Friedel-Crafts reaction. It is obtained by introducing an acyl group.
- the acylating agent is preferably a carboxylic acid halide represented by the formula (1-8): Hal—CO—CH 2 —R 4 .
- the methylene group present between R 4 and the carbonyl group in the compound represented by the formula (2-1) is oximed to obtain a ketoxime compound represented by the following formula (2-3).
- the method for oximation of the methylene group is not particularly limited, but a nitrite represented by the following formula (2-2) (RONO, R is an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms) is reacted in the presence of hydrochloric acid. The method is preferred.
- a compound represented by the following formula (2-6) can be obtained by reacting with an acid halide represented by the formula (R 5 COHal, Hal is a halogen atom).
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , and R 5 is the same as equation (1).
- R 4 contained in each of formula (1-8), formula (2-1), and formula (2-3) may be the same or different. That is, R 4 in Formula (1-8), Formula (2-1), and Formula (2-3) may be chemically modified in the synthesis process shown as Scheme 2. Examples of chemical modification include esterification, etherification, acylation, amidation, halogenation, substitution of a hydrogen atom in an amino group with an organic group, and the like. The chemical modification that R 4 may undergo is not limited thereto.
- Preferable specific examples of the compound represented by the formula (1) include the following compounds 1 to 41.
- the photosensitive composition according to the present invention may further contain (C) a colorant.
- the photosensitive composition contains the colorant as component (C), it is preferably used, for example, as a color filter forming application for a liquid crystal display.
- the photosensitive composition which concerns on this invention is preferably used, for example as a black matrix formation use in the color filter of a display apparatus, by including the light shielding agent as a coloring agent.
- the (C) colorant contained in the photosensitive composition according to the present invention is not particularly limited.
- the color index (CI; issued by The Society of Dyers and Colorists) there is a pigment. It is preferable to use a compound classified into the following, specifically, a compound having a color index (CI) number as shown below.
- yellow pigments examples include C.I. I. Pigment Yellow 1 (hereinafter, “CI Pigment Yellow” is the same, and only the number is described) 3, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 20, 24, 31, 53 55, 60, 61, 65, 71, 73, 74, 81, 83, 86, 93, 95, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 104, 106, 108, 109, 110, 113, 114, 116 117, 119, 120, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 137, 138, 139, 147, 148, 150, 151, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 166, 167, 168, 175, 180 , And 185.
- C.I. I. Pigment Yellow 1 hereinafter, “CI Pigment Yellow” is the same, and only the number is described
- C.I. Pigment Yellow 1 hereinafter, “CI Pigment Yellow” is the same, and only the number is described
- orange pigments examples include C.I. I. Pigment Orange 1 (hereinafter, “CI Pigment Orange” is the same, and only the number is described) 5, 13, 14, 16, 17, 24, 34, 36, 38, 40, 43, 46 49, 51, 55, 59, 61, 63, 64, 71, and 73.
- purple pigments examples include C.I. I. Pigment Violet 1 (hereinafter, “CI Pigment Violet” is the same, and only the numbers are described), 19, 23, 29, 30, 32, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, and 50 Can be mentioned.
- red pigments examples include C.I. I. Pigment Red 1 (hereinafter, “CI Pigment Red” is the same, and only the number is described) 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 21, 22, 23, 30, 31, 32, 37, 38, 40, 41, 42, 48: 1, 48: 2, 48: 3, 48: 4, 49: 1, 49: 2, 50: 1, 52: 1, 53: 1, 57: 1, 57: 1, 57: 2, 58: 2, 58: 4, 60: 1, 63: 1, 63: 2, 64: 1, 81: 1, 83, 88, 90: 1, 97, 101, 102, 104, 105, 106, 108, 112, 113, 114, 122, 123, 144, 146, 149, 150, 151, 155, 166, 168, 170, 171, 172, 174, 175, 176, 177, 1 8, 179, 180, 185, 187, 188, 190, 192, 193, 194,
- Suitable blue pigments include C.I. I. Pigment Blue 1 (hereinafter, “CI Pigment Blue” is the same, and only the number is described) 2, 15, 15: 3, 15: 4, 15: 6, 16, 22, 60, 64 , And 66.
- pigments having other hues examples include C.I. I. Pigment green 7, C.I. I. Pigment green 36, C.I. I. Pigment Green 37 and other green pigments, C.I. I. Pigment brown 23, C.I. I. Pigment brown 25, C.I. I. Pigment brown 26, C.I. I. Pigments such as CI Pigment Brown 28, C.I. I. Pigment black 1, C.I. I. And black pigments such as CI Pigment Black 7.
- black pigments include carbon black, titanium black, copper, iron, manganese, cobalt, chromium, nickel, zinc, calcium, silver, and other metal oxides, composite oxides, metal sulfides, metal sulfates, metal carbonates, etc.
- Various pigments can be mentioned regardless of organic matter and inorganic matter. Among these, it is preferable to use carbon black having high light shielding properties.
- carbon black known carbon blacks such as channel black, furnace black, thermal black, and lamp black can be used, but it is preferable to use channel black having excellent light shielding properties. Resin-coated carbon black may also be used.
- Resin-coated carbon black has lower conductivity than carbon black without resin coating. For this reason, when forming a black matrix using a photosensitive composition containing resin-coated carbon black, a liquid crystal display device such as a liquid crystal display device has little current leakage and a highly reliable display with low power consumption. it can.
- the above organic pigment may be added as an auxiliary pigment.
- a dispersant may be further used.
- a dispersant it is preferable to use a polyethyleneimine-based, urethane resin-based, or acrylic resin-based polymer dispersant.
- carbon black it is preferable to use an acrylic resin-based dispersant as the dispersant.
- the inorganic pigment and the organic pigment may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the organic pigment is preferably used in the range of 10 to 80 parts by mass and more preferably in the range of 20 to 40 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total amount of the inorganic pigment and the organic pigment. .
- the amount of the coloring agent in a photosensitive composition suitably according to the use of a photosensitive composition.
- the amount is preferably 5 to 70 parts by weight, and more preferably 25 to 60 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight as the total solid content of the photosensitive composition.
- a black matrix and each colored layer can be formed with the target pattern, and it is preferable.
- the amount of the light-shielding agent in the photosensitive composition it is preferable to adjust the amount of the light-shielding agent in the photosensitive composition so that the OD value per 1 ⁇ m of the coating film of the black matrix is 4 or more. . If the OD value per 1 ⁇ m film in the black matrix is 4 or more, sufficient display contrast can be obtained when used in the black matrix of a liquid crystal display.
- the colorant is preferably added to the photosensitive composition after preparing a dispersion in which the dispersant is dispersed at an appropriate concentration.
- the photosensitive composition which concerns on this invention may contain (D) alkali-soluble resin as resin other than resin used as (A) photopolymerizable compound.
- D) alkali-soluble resin as resin other than resin used as (A) photopolymerizable compound.
- the alkali-soluble resin means that a resin film having a film thickness of 1 ⁇ m is formed on a substrate with a resin solution (solvent: propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate) having a resin concentration of 20% by mass, and KOH having a concentration of 0.05% by mass.
- a resin solution solvent: propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate
- KOH concentration of 0.05% by mass.
- (D) Among alkali-soluble resins, a polymer of a monomer having an ethylenically unsaturated double bond because it is excellent in film-forming properties and the characteristics of the resin can be easily adjusted by selecting a monomer. Is preferred.
- the (D) alkali-soluble resin which is a polymer of monomers having an ethylenically unsaturated double bond, usually contains units derived from an unsaturated carboxylic acid.
- the unsaturated carboxylic acid include (meth) acrylic acid; (meth) acrylic acid amide; crotonic acid; maleic acid, fumaric acid, citraconic acid, mesaconic acid, itaconic acid, and anhydrides of these dicarboxylic acids.
- the amount of the unit derived from the unsaturated carboxylic acid contained in the polymer of the monomer having an ethylenically unsaturated double bond used as the alkali-soluble resin is not particularly limited as long as the resin has the desired alkali solubility. .
- the amount of the unit derived from the unsaturated carboxylic acid in the resin used as the alkali-soluble resin is preferably 5 to 25% by mass, more preferably 8 to 16% by mass with respect to the mass of the resin.
- polymers of monomers having ethylenically unsaturated double bonds which are polymers of one or more monomers selected from the monomers exemplified above, (meth) acrylic acid and (meta )
- (meth) acrylic acid and (meta ) A polymer of one or more monomers selected from acrylic esters is preferred.
- a polymer of one or more monomers selected from (meth) acrylic acid and (meth) acrylic acid ester will be described.
- the (meth) acrylic acid ester used for the preparation of a polymer of one or more monomers selected from (meth) acrylic acid and (meth) acrylic acid ester is particularly within the range not hindering the object of the present invention. It is not limited, It selects suitably from well-known (meth) acrylic acid ester.
- Suitable examples of (meth) acrylic acid esters include linear or methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, propyl (meth) acrylate, amyl (meth) acrylate, t-octyl (meth) acrylate and the like.
- Examples include acrylate, furfuryl (meth) acrylate; (meth) acrylic acid ester having a group having an epoxy group; and (meth) acrylic acid ester having a group having an alicyclic skeleton. Details of the (meth) acrylic acid ester having a group having an epoxy group and the (meth) acrylic acid ester having a group having an alicyclic skeleton will be described later.
- a resin containing a unit derived from a (meth) acrylic acid ester having a group having an epoxy group is preferable.
- the (meth) acrylic ester having a group having an epoxy group is a (meth) acrylic ester having a group having a chain aliphatic epoxy group, a group having an alicyclic epoxy group as described later (Meth) acrylic acid ester having
- the (meth) acrylic acid ester having a group having an epoxy group may contain an aromatic group.
- the aromatic ring constituting the aromatic group include a benzene ring and a naphthalene ring.
- Examples of (meth) acrylic acid ester having an aromatic group and a group having an epoxy group include 4-glycidyloxyphenyl (meth) acrylate, 3-glycidyloxyphenyl (meth) acrylate, 2-glycidyloxy Examples include phenyl (meth) acrylate, 4-glycidyloxyphenylmethyl (meth) acrylate, 3-glycidyloxyphenylmethyl (meth) acrylate, and 2-glycidyloxyphenylmethyl (meth) acrylate.
- (meth) acrylic acid having a group having an epoxy group preferably does not contain an aromatic group.
- Examples of (meth) acrylic acid esters having a group having a chain aliphatic epoxy group include ester groups (—O—CO, such as epoxyalkyl (meth) acrylate, epoxyalkyloxyalkyl (meth) acrylate, and the like.
- Such a chain aliphatic epoxy group possessed by the (meth) acrylate ester may contain one or a plurality of oxy groups (—O—) in the chain.
- the number of carbon atoms of the chain aliphatic epoxy group is not particularly limited, but is preferably 3 to 20, more preferably 3 to 15, and particularly preferably 3 to 10.
- (meth) acrylic acid ester having a group having a chain aliphatic epoxy group examples include glycidyl (meth) acrylate, 2-methylglycidyl (meth) acrylate, 3,4-epoxybutyl (meth) acrylate, 6 , 7-epoxyheptyl (meth) acrylate and other epoxy alkyl (meth) acrylates; 2-glycidyloxyethyl (meth) acrylate, 3-glycidyloxy-n-propyl (meth) acrylate, 4-glycidyloxy-n-butyl ( And epoxyalkyloxyalkyl (meth) acrylates such as (meth) acrylate, 5-glycidyloxy-n-hexyl (meth) acrylate, and 6-glycidyloxy-n-hexyl (meth) acrylate.
- the content of the unit derived from the (meth) acrylic acid ester having a group having is preferably 1 to 95% by mass, more preferably 40 to 80% by mass with respect to the weight of the resin.
- a resin containing a unit derived from a (meth) acrylic acid ester having a group having an alicyclic skeleton is also preferable.
- the group having an alicyclic skeleton is a group having an alicyclic epoxy group, even if the group has an alicyclic hydrocarbon group. May be.
- the alicyclic group constituting the alicyclic skeleton may be monocyclic or polycyclic. Examples of the monocyclic alicyclic group include a cyclopentyl group and a cyclohexyl group. Examples of the polycyclic alicyclic group include a norbornyl group, an isobornyl group, a tricyclononyl group, a tricyclodecyl group, and a tetracyclododecyl group.
- examples of the (meth) acrylic acid ester having a group having an alicyclic hydrocarbon group include the following formulas (d1-1) to (d1- The compound represented by 8) is mentioned. Among these, compounds represented by the following formulas (d1-3) to (d1-8) are preferable, and compounds represented by the following formula (d1-3) or (d1-4) are more preferable.
- R d1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group
- R d2 represents a single bond or a divalent aliphatic saturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms
- R d3 represents a hydrogen atom or 1 carbon atom.
- R d2 is preferably a single bond or a linear or branched alkylene group such as a methylene group, an ethylene group, a propylene group, a tetramethylene group, an ethylethylene group, a pentamethylene group or a hexamethylene group.
- R d3 is preferably a methyl group or an ethyl group.
- (meth) acrylic acid esters having a group having an alicyclic skeleton specific examples of the (meth) acrylic acid ester having a group having an alicyclic epoxy group include, for example, the following formulas (d2-1) to ( and a compound represented by d2-16). Of these, compounds represented by the following formulas (d2-1) to (d2-6) are preferred in order to bring the developability of the photosensitive composition to an appropriate level, and the following formulas (d2-1) to (d2-1) The compound represented by (d2-4) is more preferable.
- R d4 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group
- R d5 represents a divalent aliphatic saturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms
- R d6 represents a divalent hydrocarbon having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
- n represents an integer of 0 to 10.
- R d5 is preferably a linear or branched alkylene group such as a methylene group, an ethylene group, a propylene group, a tetramethylene group, an ethylethylene group, a pentamethylene group, or a hexamethylene group.
- R d6 examples include a methylene group, an ethylene group, a propylene group, a tetramethylene group, an ethylethylene group, a pentamethylene group, a hexamethylene group, a phenylene group, a cyclohexylene group, —CH 2 —Ph—CH 2 — (Ph is A phenylene group) is preferred.
- the amount of the unit derived from the (meth) acrylic acid ester having a group having an alicyclic skeleton in the resin is preferably 5 to 95% by mass, more preferably 10 to 90% by mass, and 30 to 70%. More preferred is mass%.
- the polymer of the 1 or more types of monomer selected from the (meth) acrylic acid and the (meth) acrylic acid ester containing the unit derived from the (meth) acrylic acid ester which has group which has alicyclic skeleton a resin containing a unit derived from (meth) acrylic acid and a unit derived from a (meth) acrylic acid ester having a group having an alicyclic epoxy group is preferable.
- a film formed using such a photosensitive composition containing (D) an alkali-soluble resin is excellent in adhesion to a substrate. When such a resin is used, it is possible to cause a self-reaction between a carboxyl group contained in the resin and an alicyclic epoxy group.
- a photosensitive composition containing such a resin when used, a film formed by causing a self-reaction between a carboxyl group and an alicyclic epoxy group using a method of heating the film or the like. It is possible to improve mechanical properties such as hardness.
- a unit derived from (meth) acrylic acid in the resin Is preferably 1 to 95% by mass, more preferably 10 to 50% by mass.
- a resin including a unit derived from (meth) acrylic acid and a unit derived from a (meth) acrylic acid ester having a group having an alicyclic epoxy group a group having an alicyclic epoxy group in the resin
- the amount of units derived from the (meth) acrylic acid ester is preferably 1 to 95% by mass, more preferably 30 to 70% by mass.
- (meth) acrylic acid and (meth) acrylic acid ester including a unit derived from (meth) acrylic acid and a unit derived from (meth) acrylic acid ester having a group having an alicyclic epoxy group.
- a unit derived from (meth) acrylic acid, a unit derived from a (meth) acrylic acid ester having an alicyclic hydrocarbon group, and an alicyclic epoxy A resin containing a unit derived from a (meth) acrylic acid ester having a group having a group is preferable.
- the amount of the unit derived from (meth) acrylic acid in the resin is preferably 1 to 95% by mass, and more preferably 10 to 50% by mass.
- the amount of the unit derived from the (meth) acrylic acid ester having an alicyclic hydrocarbon group in the resin is preferably 1 to 95% by mass, and more preferably 10 to 70% by mass.
- a unit derived from a (meth) acrylic acid ester having an alicyclic hydrocarbon group, and a group having an alicyclic epoxy group is preferably 1 to 95% by mass, more preferably 30 to 80% by mass. preferable.
- the mass average molecular weight of the alkali-soluble resin (Mw: measured value by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) in terms of polystyrene. The same applies in this specification) is preferably 2000 to 200000, and 2000 to 18000. It is more preferable. By setting it as the above range, there is a tendency that the film forming ability of the photosensitive composition and the developability after exposure are easily balanced.
- the content of the (D) alkali-soluble resin in the photosensitive composition is preferably 15 to 95% by mass in the solid content of the photosensitive composition. Is more preferably from 85 to 85% by weight, particularly preferably from 50 to 70% by weight.
- the photosensitive composition according to the present invention may contain various additives as necessary. Specifically, solvents, sensitizers, curing accelerators, photocrosslinkers, photosensitizers, dispersion aids, fillers, adhesion promoters, antioxidants, UV absorbers, anti-aggregation agents, and thermal polymerization are prohibited Examples include agents, antifoaming agents, surfactants and the like.
- Examples of the solvent used in the photosensitive composition according to the present invention include ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol-n-propyl ether, ethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol.
- propylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, propylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol methyl ethyl ether, cyclohexanone and 3-methoxybutyl acetate are the above-mentioned (A ) Component and (B) component, and excellent dispersibility of the component (C) described above is preferable, and propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate and 3-methoxybutyl acetate are preferably used. It is particularly preferred.
- the solvent may be appropriately determined according to the use of the photosensitive composition. As an example, the solvent may be about 50 to 900 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass in total of the solid content of the photosensitive composition.
- thermal polymerization inhibitor used in the photosensitive composition according to the present invention examples include hydroquinone and hydroquinone monoethyl ether.
- examples of the antifoaming agent include compounds such as silicone and fluorine, and examples of the surfactant include compounds such as anion, cation and nonion.
- the photosensitive composition according to the present invention is prepared by mixing all the above components with a stirrer.
- the prepared photosensitive composition does not contain insoluble components, such as a pigment, you may filter using a filter so that a photosensitive composition may become uniform.
- ⁇ Film formation method ⁇ A method for forming a film used as an insulating film or a color filter using the photosensitive composition described above will be described below.
- the film formed using the photosensitive composition may be patterned as necessary.
- a contact transfer type coating device such as a roll coater, a reverse coater or a bar coater, a non-contact type such as a spinner (rotary coating device) or a curtain flow coater is used.
- a photosensitive composition is apply
- the drying method is not particularly limited. For example, (1) a method of drying on a hot plate at a temperature of 80 to 120 ° C., preferably 90 to 100 ° C. for 60 to 120 seconds, and (2) a room temperature for several hours to Examples include a method of leaving for several days, and (3) a method of removing the solvent by placing it in a warm air heater or an infrared heater for several tens of minutes to several hours.
- the coating film is exposed to irradiation with active energy rays such as ultraviolet rays and excimer laser light.
- the exposure may be performed position-selectively by, for example, a method of performing exposure through a negative mask.
- the energy dose to be irradiated varies depending on the composition of the photosensitive composition, but is preferably about 40 to 200 mJ / cm 2 , for example.
- the productivity of a display device such as a liquid crystal display panel can be improved by using the photosensitive composition of the present invention. .
- the exposed film is patterned into a desired shape by developing with a developer.
- the development method is not particularly limited, and for example, an immersion method, a spray method, or the like can be used.
- the developer is appropriately selected according to the composition of the photosensitive composition.
- the photosensitive composition contains an alkali-soluble component such as an alkali-soluble resin
- examples of the developer include organic developers such as monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, and triethanolamine, sodium hydroxide, and hydroxide.
- An aqueous solution of potassium, sodium carbonate, ammonia, quaternary ammonium salt or the like can be used.
- the pattern formed in this way can be suitably used for applications such as an insulating film, a pixel constituting a color filter, and a black matrix used in a display device such as a liquid crystal display.
- an insulating film, a color filter, and a display device using the color filter are also one aspect of the present invention.
- the mixed solvent containing 9,9-di-n-propylfluorene was stirred for 3 hours to perform a nitration reaction.
- the reaction mixture was poured into a beaker containing ice water.
- the deposited precipitate was collected by filtration, and then washed with water and dried to obtain 10.76 g of 2-nitro-9,9-di-n-propylfluorene (yield 91%).
- the obtained reaction solution was dropped into a beaker containing 300 mL of ice water. After the mixture in the beaker was transferred to a separatory funnel, 200 mL of ethyl acetate was added to the separatory funnel, and the product was extracted into an organic layer. After separating the organic layer, the product in the aqueous layer was further extracted with 100 mL of ethyl acetate. The organic layer obtained by the extraction twice was washed with 300 mL of 10% aqueous sodium carbonate solution and then with 300 mL of water. The washed organic layer was dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and then the solvent was distilled off from the organic layer using a rotary evaporator to obtain an oily substance.
- the ethyl acetate is removed using a rotary evaporator to obtain an oxime (2-methylphenyl (7-nitro-9,9-di-n-propylfluoren-2-yl) ketone oxime).
- an oxime (2-methylphenyl (7-nitro-9,9-di-n-propylfluoren-2-yl) ketone oxime).
- acetyl chloride 3.45 g, 44 mmol
- triethylamine 4.7 g, 46 mmol
- the obtained reaction solution was dropped into a beaker containing 300 mL of ice water. After the mixture in the beaker was transferred to a separatory funnel, 200 mL of ethyl acetate was added to the separatory funnel, and the product was extracted into an organic layer. After separating the organic layer, the product in the aqueous layer was further extracted with 100 mL of ethyl acetate. The organic layer obtained by the extraction twice was washed with 300 mL of 10% aqueous sodium carbonate solution and then with 300 mL of water. The washed organic layer was dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and then the solvent was distilled off from the organic layer using a rotary evaporator to obtain an oily substance.
- the resulting mixture was warmed to room temperature and stirred for 1 hour for reaction. 90% acetic acid was added to the mixture after the reaction, and then saturated brine and hexane were added.
- the obtained mixed liquid was separated into an organic layer and an aqueous layer.
- the obtained organic layer was dehydrated with anhydrous sodium sulfate, and then the solvent was removed from the organic layer using a rotary evaporator to obtain 6.45 g of 9,9-di-3,3,3-trifluoro-n-propylfluorene. (Yield 45%) was obtained.
- Examples 1 to 26 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 40 parts by mass of dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate (manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.), 58.5 parts by mass of an alkali-soluble resin solution, 1.5 parts by mass of a photopolymerization initiator of the type described in Tables 1 and 2 was diluted with a mixed solvent consisting of diethylene glycol methyl ethyl ether and propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate to a solid content concentration of 15% by mass, and then these components were mixed uniformly to give Examples 1-26 and Comparative Examples 1-3. A photosensitive composition was obtained.
- the mass ratio of each solvent in the mixed solvent was 60/40 as diethylene glycol methyl ethyl ether / propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate.
- a photoinitiator consists of two types of compounds, in Table 1 and Table 2, the compound described in the upper stage is used 0.45 mass part, and the compound described in the lower stage is 1.05 mass part.
- Examples 1 to 26 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 resins having the following units I to III were used as alkali-soluble resins.
- the number on the lower right of each unit means the content (% by mass) of each unit in the alkali-soluble resin.
- the mass average molecular weight of the following alkali-soluble resin was 7000.
- the alkali-soluble resin was used as a diethylene glycol methyl ethyl ether solution having a solid concentration of 30% by mass.
- the sensitivity was evaluated according to the following procedure. First, the photosensitive compositions of Examples 1 to 26 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 were applied on a glass substrate (10 cm ⁇ 10 cm) using a spin coater and pre-baked at 90 ° C. for 120 seconds to obtain the surface of the glass substrate. A coating film having a thickness of 1.0 ⁇ m was formed on the substrate. Thereafter, a mirror projection aligner (product name: TME-150 RTO, manufactured by Topcon Corporation) was used, the exposure gap was 50 ⁇ m, and the coating film was irradiated with ultraviolet rays through a negative mask having a pattern with a width of 10 ⁇ m. .
- a mirror projection aligner product name: TME-150 RTO, manufactured by Topcon Corporation
- the exposure amount was set in three stages of 30, 60, and 1200 mJ / cm 2 .
- the exposed coating film was developed with a 0.04 mass% KOH aqueous solution at 26 ° C. for 30 seconds, and then post-baked at 230 ° C. for 30 minutes to obtain a pattern of each exposure amount.
- the line width of the pattern at each exposure dose was measured with an optical microscope, and the exposure dose with which a line width of 10 ⁇ m was obtained from the line width at each exposure dose and the exposure dose was approximated by the least square method.
- Tables 1 and 2 show the calculated data of sensitivity (mJ / cm 2 ) at a development time of 30 seconds.
- the sensitivity data shown in Tables 1 and 2 indicate the exposure amount necessary to form a pattern (10 ⁇ m) having a predetermined line width. The smaller this value, the higher the sensitivity of the photosensitive composition. Means that.
- the coated film after the exposure was developed with a 0.04 mass% KOH aqueous solution at 26 ° C. for 50 seconds and then post-baked at 230 ° C. for 30 minutes to form a line pattern with a thickness of 3.5 ⁇ m.
- Pattern straightness evaluation The formed line pattern was observed with an optical microscope, and pattern straightness was evaluated. The pattern straightness was evaluated as “good” when the edge of the line had no shakiness and “bad” when there was shakiness.
- the taper angle was evaluated for the line pattern formed at an exposure amount of 50 mJ / cm 2 .
- the taper angle was measured as a bonding angle between the pattern and the substrate with a scanning electron microscope. This taper angle corresponds to the angle ⁇ in FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b).
- Tables 1 and 2 show the measured taper angles. The closer the taper angle is to 90 ° C., the closer the pattern cross-sectional shape is to the desired rectangular shape. When the taper angle is an acute angle and is an angle considerably smaller than 90 ° C., the pattern has no undercut, but the pattern cross-sectional shape is not the desired rectangular shape. When the taper angle is an obtuse angle, the pattern is undercut.
- the film reduction was evaluated for the line pattern formed with an exposure amount of 50 mJ / cm 2 . Specifically, after measuring the film thickness of the coating film before development and the height of the cross section of the line pattern after development with a scanning electron microscope, the cross section of the line pattern after development from the film thickness of the coating film before development The film thickness was reduced to reduce the film thickness.
- a line pattern was formed in the same manner as described in the line pattern evaluation except that the exposure amount was 50 mJ / cm 2 and post-baking was performed at 230 ° C. for 60 minutes.
- the transmittance of light having a wavelength of 350 nm and 400 nm was measured for the formed line pattern.
- the evaluation criteria for the transmittance of light having a wavelength of 350 nm are as follows. ⁇ : 95% or more ⁇ : 90% or more and less than 94% ⁇ : 80% or more and less than 90% ⁇ : less than 80%
- the pattern shape is a matrix shape in which vertical and horizontal lines having a width of 6 ⁇ m are formed at intervals of 150 ⁇ m in length and 50 ⁇ m in width.
- the number of foreign matters having a size of 100 ⁇ m or more in the formed pattern was measured using an appearance inspection apparatus manufactured by Takano Co., Ltd., and the foreign matters were evaluated according to the following criteria. Tables 1 and 2 show the evaluation results of the foreign matters.
- ⁇ The number of foreign particles of size 100 ⁇ m or more in the pattern is 1-2.
- the number of foreign materials with a size of 100 ⁇ m or more is 6 or more
- the photosensitive compositions of Examples 1 to 26 comprising a photopolymerizable compound and a photopolymerization initiator containing a compound having a structure represented by the formula (1) as a photopolymerization initiator. It is understood that the sensitivity is excellent. Further, from Tables 1 and 2, by using the photosensitive compositions of Examples 1 to 26, a line pattern having a rectangular shape with excellent straightness, no peeling, and a desired cross-sectional shape, film reduction, It can be seen that the film can be formed with almost no decrease in transparency due to heating.
- the photosensitive compositions of Comparative Examples 1 to 3 containing a photopolymerization initiator having a structure not included in the formula (1) are inferior in sensitivity.
- the edge of the line pattern is loose, the pattern is peeled off, the taper angle is small, and The film is greatly reduced, and it is difficult to form a line pattern with a desired rectangular cross section.
- Example 27 to 52 and Comparative Examples 4 to 6 In Examples 27 to 52 and Comparative Examples 4 to 6, resin A and dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate (manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.) were used as the photopolymerizable compound. Resin A was synthesized according to the following formulation.
- the mass ratio of each solvent in the mixed solvent was 60/20/20 as 3-methoxybutyl acetate / cyclohexanone / propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate.
- a photoinitiator consists of two types of compounds, 2.5 mass parts of 2 types of compounds were used, respectively.
- the sensitivity was evaluated according to the following procedure. First, the photosensitive compositions of Examples 27 to 52 and Comparative Examples 4 to 6 were applied onto a glass substrate (10 cm ⁇ 10 cm) using a spin coater and pre-baked at 90 ° C. for 120 seconds to obtain the surface of the glass substrate. A coating film having a thickness of 1.0 ⁇ m was formed on the substrate. Thereafter, a mirror projection aligner (product name: TME-150 RTO, manufactured by Topcon Corporation) was used, the exposure gap was 50 ⁇ m, and the coating film was irradiated with ultraviolet rays through a negative mask having a pattern with a width of 10 ⁇ m. .
- a mirror projection aligner product name: TME-150 RTO, manufactured by Topcon Corporation
- the exposure amount was set in three stages of 30, 60, and 1200 mJ / cm 2 .
- the exposed coating film was developed with a 0.04 mass% KOH aqueous solution at 26 ° C. for 30 seconds, and then post-baked at 230 ° C. for 30 minutes to obtain a pattern of each exposure amount.
- the line width of the pattern at each exposure dose was measured with an optical microscope, and the exposure dose with which a line width of 10 ⁇ m was obtained from the line width at each exposure dose and the exposure dose was approximated by the least square method.
- Tables 3 and 4 show the calculated sensitivity (mJ / cm 2 ) data at a development time of 30 seconds.
- the sensitivity data shown in Tables 3 and 4 indicate the exposure amount necessary to form a pattern (10 ⁇ m) with a predetermined line width. The smaller this value, the higher the sensitivity of the photosensitive composition. Means that.
- the OD value at each film thickness was measured using D200-II (manufactured by Macbeth), and the OD value per 1 ⁇ m was calculated using an approximate curve.
- the calculated OD values of the light-shielding films formed using the photosensitive compositions of Examples 27 to 52 and Comparative Examples 4 to 6 were all 4.5 / ⁇ m.
- the taper angle of the cross section of the line pattern formed at an exposure amount of 40 mJ / cm 2 was measured in the same manner as in Example 1. Based on the measured taper angle, the cross-sectional shape of the line pattern was determined according to the following criteria. Tables 3 and 4 show the measurement results of the taper angle and the determination of the cross-sectional shape of the line pattern.
- ⁇ The taper angle is greater than 85 ° and less than 90 °.
- X The taper angle is more than 100 °.
- the evaluation criteria for water resistance are as follows. Tables 3 and 4 show the evaluation results of water resistance.
- 5B The cells are not peeled at all.
- 4B The number of peeled cells is less than 5% of the total number of cells.
- 3B The number of peeled cells is 5% or more and less than 15% of the total number of cells.
- 2B The number of peeled cells is 15% or more and less than 35% of the total number of cells.
- 1B The number of peeled cells is 35% or more and less than 65% of the total number of cells.
- 0B The number of peeled cells is 65% or more of the total number of cells.
- the photosensitive composition of Examples 27-52 containing a photopolymerizable compound and a photopolymerization initiator containing a compound having a structure represented by the formula (1) as a photopolymerization initiator Is excellent in sensitivity even when a light-shielding agent is included as a colorant. Also, from Tables 3 and 4, by using the photosensitive compositions of Examples 27 to 52, the straightness is excellent, there is no peeling, the desired cross-sectional shape is a rectangular shape, and the content of foreign matter is small. It can be seen that a line pattern excellent in water resistance can be formed.
- the photosensitive compositions of Comparative Examples 4 to 6 containing a photopolymerization initiator having a structure not included in the formula (1) have poor sensitivity.
- the edge of the line pattern may be rattled or peeled off, and the taper angle may be obtuse.
- the line pattern is undercut.
- a pattern is formed using the photosensitive compositions of Comparative Examples 4 to 6, a foreign matter content is high or a pattern with poor water resistance is likely to be formed.
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Abstract
Description
また、近年、液晶表示ディスプレイの生産台数の増大に合わせてカラーフィルタの生産量も増大している。このため、より一層の生産性向上の観点から、低露光量でパターンを形成することのできる高感度の感光性組成物が要望されている。
このような状況において、感光性組成物の感度を良好にすることのできる光重合開始剤として、特許文献1には、シクロアルキル基を有するオキシムエステル化合物が提案されている。特許文献1に記載された実施例では、下記化学式(a)及び(b)で表される化合物が具体的に開示されている。
(B)光重合開始剤が、下記式(1):
で表される化合物を含む、感光性組成物である。
式(1-3)で表される化合物中の-CO-R4で表される基を、-C(=N-OH)-R4で表される基に変換し、下式(1-4):
式(1-1)、(1-3)、(1-4)中、R1が水素原子、ニトロ基又は1価の有機基であり、R2及びR3が、それぞれ、置換基を有してもよい鎖状アルキル基、置換基を有してもよい環状有機基、又は水素原子であり、R2とR3とが相互に結合して環を形成してもよく、Halがハロゲン原子であり、R4が1価の有機基であり、nは0~4の整数であり、
式(1-3)、及び式(1-4)それぞれに含まれるR4が、同一であっても異なってもいてもよい、式(1-4)で表される化合物の製造方法である。
式(2-1)で表される化合物中の、R4とカルボニル基との間に存在するメチレン基をオキシム化して、下式(2-3):
式(1-1)、(2-1)、及び(2-3)中、R1が水素原子、ニトロ基又は1価の有機基であり、R2及びR3が、それぞれ、置換基を有してもよい鎖状アルキル基、置換基を有してもよい環状有機基、又は水素原子であり、R2とR3とが相互に結合して環を形成してもよく、Halがハロゲン原子であり、R4が1価の有機基であり、nは0~4の整数であり、
式(2-1)、及び式(2-3)それぞれに含まれるR4が、同一であっても異なってもいてもよい、式(2-3)で表される化合物の製造方法である。
本発明の感光性組成物は、(A)光重合性化合物と、(B)光重合開始剤とを含む。(B)光重合開始剤は、9,9-ジ置換フルオレニル基を有する特定構造のオキシムエステル化合物を含む。感光性組成物は、(C)着色剤を含んでいてもよく、(D)アルカリ可溶性樹脂を含んでいてもよい。以下、感光性組成物が含有する成分と、感光性組成物の調製方法とについて順に説明する。
本発明に係る感光性組成物に含有される(A)光重合性化合物(以下、(A)成分ともいう。)としては、特に限定されず、従来公知の光重合性化合物を用いることができる。その中でも、エチレン性不飽和基を有する樹脂又はモノマーが好ましく、これらを組み合わせることがより好ましい。エチレン性不飽和基を有する樹脂とエチレン性不飽和基を有するモノマーとを組み合わせることにより、感光性組成物の硬化性を向上させ、パターン形成を容易にすることができる。
エチレン性不飽和基を有する樹脂としては、(メタ)アクリル酸、フマル酸、マレイン酸、フマル酸モノメチル、フマル酸モノエチル、2-ヒドロキシエチル(メタ)アクリレート、エチレングリコールモノメチルエーテル(メタ)アクリレート、エチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル(メタ)アクリレート、グリセロール(メタ)アクリレート、(メタ)アクリルアミド、アクリロニトリル、メタクリロニトリル、メチル(メタ)アクリレート、エチル(メタ)アクリレート、イソブチル(メタ)アクリレート、2-エチルヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート、ベンジル(メタ)アクリレート、エチレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、ジエチレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、トリエチレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、テトラエチレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、ブチレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、プロピレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、トリメチロールプロパントリ(メタ)アクリレート、テトラメチロールプロパンテトラ(メタ)アクリレート、ペンタエリスリトールトリ(メタ)アクリレート、ペンタエリスリトールテトラ(メタ)アクリレート、ジペンタエリスリトールペンタ(メタ)アクリレート、ジペンタエリスリトールヘキサ(メタ)アクリレート、1,6-ヘキサンジオールジ(メタ)アクリレート、カルドエポキシジアクリレート等が重合したオリゴマー類;多価アルコール類と一塩基酸又は多塩基酸とを縮合して得られるポリエステルプレポリマーに(メタ)アクリル酸を反応させて得られるポリエステル(メタ)アクリレート;ポリオールと2個のイソシアネート基を持つ化合物とを反応させた後、(メタ)アクリル酸を反応させて得られるポリウレタン(メタ)アクリレート;ビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂、ビスフェノールF型エポキシ樹脂、ビスフェノールS型エポキシ樹脂、フェノール又はクレゾールノボラック型エポキシ樹脂、レゾール型エポキシ樹脂、トリフェノールメタン型エポキシ樹脂、ポリカルボン酸ポリグリシジルエステル、ポリオールポリグリシジルエステル、脂肪族又は脂環式エポキシ樹脂、アミンエポキシ樹脂、ジヒドロキシベンゼン型エポキシ樹脂等のエポキシ樹脂と、(メタ)アクリル酸とを反応させて得られるエポキシ(メタ)アクリレート樹脂等が挙げられる。さらに、エポキシ(メタ)アクリレート樹脂に多塩基酸無水物を反応させた樹脂を好適に用いることができる。なお、本明細書において、「(メタ)アクリル」は、「アクリル又はメタクリル」を意味する。
エチレン性不飽和基を有するモノマーには、単官能モノマーと多官能モノマーとがある。以下、単官能モノマー、及び多官能モノマーについて順に説明する。
本発明に係る感光性組成物は、下記式(1)で表される化合物を含む(B)光重合開始剤(以下、(B)成分ともいう。)を含有する。本発明の感光性組成物は、下記式(1)で表される化合物を(B)光重合開始剤として含んでいるため、非常に感度に優れる。このため、本発明の感光性組成物を用いることで、低露光量で所望する形状のパターンを形成することが可能である。また、感度に優れる本発明に係る感光性組成物を用いることで、パターン形成時のパターンはがれを抑制し、ラインパターンを形成する際のパターンのエッジに生じるがたつきの発生を抑制することができる。
また、透明性が良好となる傾向がある点で、R1としては水素原子が好ましい。なお、R1が水素原子であり且つR4が後述の式(R4-2)で表される基であると透明性はより良好となる傾向がある。
アルキル基が有してもよい置換基は、本発明の目的を阻害しない範囲で特に限定されない。置換基の好適な例としては、シアノ基、ハロゲン原子、環状有機基、及びアルコキシカルボニル基が挙げられる。ハロゲン原子としては、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子、ヨウ素原子が挙げられる。これらの中では、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子が好ましい。環状有機基としては、シクロアルキル基、芳香族炭化水素基、ヘテロシクリル基が挙げられる。シクロアルキル基の具体例としては、R1がシクロアルキル基である場合の好適な例と同様である。芳香族炭化水素基の具体例としては、フェニル基、ナフチル基、ビフェニリル基、アントリル基、及びフェナントリル基等が挙げられる。ヘテロシクリル基の具体例としては、R1がヘテロシクリル基である場合の好適な例と同様である。R1がアルコキシカルボニル基である場合、アルコキシカルボニル基に含まれるアルコキシ基は、直鎖状でも分岐鎖状でもよく、直鎖状が好ましい。アルコキシカルボニル基に含まれるアルコキシ基の炭素原子数は、1~10が好ましく、1~6がより好ましい。
また、(B)成分である光重合開始剤の含有量は、(A)成分と(B)成分との総和に対し、0.1~50質量%であることが好ましく、0.5~30質量%であることがより好ましく、1~20質量%であることがさらに好ましい。
下記式(1)で表される化合物の含有量は、例えば(B)成分全体に対して1~100質量%の範囲であればよく、好ましくは50質量%以上であり、70~100質量%であることがより好ましい。
(i)R1が水素原子である化合物とR1がニトロ基である化合物との組み合わせ
(ii)R4が式(R4-1)である化合物とR4が式(R4-2)である化合物との組み合わせ
(iii)R4が式(R4-1)又は式(R4-2)である化合物とR4が炭素原子数1~4のアルキル基である化合物
中でも、感度及び硬化物の透過率等の特性向上の点で、上記(i)の組み合わせが好ましく、上記(i)と、(ii)又は(iii)とを満たす組み合わせがより好ましい。
mが1である場合、式(1)で表される化合物を含有する感光性組成物を用いて形成されるパターン中での異物の発生をより低減できる傾向がある。
本発明に係る感光性組成物は、さらに(C)着色剤を含んでもよい。感光性組成物は(C)成分である着色剤を含むことにより、例えば、液晶表示ディスプレイのカラーフィルタ形成用途として好ましく使用される。また、本発明に係る感光性組成物は、着色剤として遮光剤を含むことにより、例えば、表示装置のカラーフィルタにおけるブラックマトリクス形成用途として好ましく使用される。
本発明に係る感光性組成物は、(A)光重合性化合物として使用される樹脂以外の他の樹脂として、(D)アルカリ可溶性樹脂を含んでいてもよい。感光性組成物に(D)アルカリ可溶性樹脂を配合することで、感光性組成物にアルカリ現像性を付与することができる。
本発明に係る感光性組成物には、必要に応じて、各種の添加剤を含んでいてもよい。具体的には、溶剤、増感剤、硬化促進剤、光架橋剤、光増感剤、分散助剤、充填剤、密着促進剤、酸化防止剤、紫外線吸収剤、凝集防止剤、熱重合禁止剤、消泡剤、界面活性剤等が例示される。
本発明に係る感光性組成物は、上記の各成分を全て撹拌機で混合することにより調製される。なお、調製された感光性組成物が顔料等の不溶性の成分を含まない場合、感光性組成物が均一となるようフィルタを用いて濾過してもよい。
以上説明した感光性組成物を用いて、絶縁膜やカラーフィルタとして使用される膜を形成する方法を以下に説明する。感光性組成物を用いて形成される膜は、必要に応じてパターン化されていてもよい。
(9,9-ジ-n-プロピルフルオレンの合成)
フルオレン6.64g(40mmol)を27mLのTHFに溶解させた。得られた溶液に、カリウムtert-ブトキシド0.12g(1.1mmol)、1-ブロモプロパン12.30g(100mmol)、及び濃度50質量%の水酸化ナトリウム水溶液27mLを、窒素雰囲気下で徐々に添加した。得られた混合物を、80℃で3時間撹拌して反応を行った。反応後の混合物に、酢酸エチル33g及び水33gを加えた後、有機層と水層とに分液した。得られた有機層を無水硫酸ナトリウムで脱水した後、ロータリーエバポレーターを用いて有機層から溶媒を除去して、9,9-ジ-n-プロピルフルオレン8.32g(収率83%)を得た。
(2-ニトロ-9,9-ジ-n-プロピルフルオレンの合成)
酢酸131mLと無水酢酸262mLからなる混合溶媒に、二硝酸銅(II)三水和物9.18g(40mmol)を加えた後、混合溶媒を10分間撹拌した。その後、合成例1の方法で得た、9,9-ジ-n-プロピルフルオレン10.02g(40mmol)を酢酸131mLに溶解させた溶液を、混合溶媒中に数回に分けてゆっくり添加した。次いで、9,9-ジ-n-プロピルフルオレンを含む混合溶媒を3時間撹拌してニトロ化反応を行った。反応後、反応混合物を氷水の入ったビーカーに注いだ。析出した沈殿物をろ過して回収した後、沈殿物を水洗及び乾燥して、2-ニトロ-9,9-ジ-n-プロピルフルオレン10.76g(収率91%)を得た。
(化合物1の合成)
合成例2の方法で得た2-ニトロ-9,9-ジプロピルフルオレン11.82g(40mmol)、及び塩化アルミニウム5.8g(44mmol)を、ジクロロメタン40mLに溶解させた。ジクロロメタン溶液を氷浴で冷却しながら、5℃以下の温度で、o-トルイルクロライド6.80g(44mmol)をジクロロメタン溶液中に滴下した。滴下後、反応液を撹拌しながら、反応液の温度を1時間かけて室温まで上げ、次いで、室温下で3時間反応を継続した。
得られた反応液を氷水300mLが入ったビーカーに滴下した。ビーカー中の混合物を分液ロートに移した後、分液ロートに酢酸エチル200mLを加え、生成物を有機層に抽出した。有機層を分離した後、さらに水層中の生成物を酢酸エチル100mLで抽出した。2回の抽出で得られた有機層を、10%炭酸ナトリウム水溶液300mLで洗浄した後、水300mLで洗浄した。洗浄後の有機層を、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥させた後、ロータリーエバポレーターを用いて有機層から溶媒を溜去してオイル状物質を得た。シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(展開溶媒、酢酸エチル:n-ヘキサン=1:1(質量比))にてオイル状物質を精製して、淡黄色固体(2-(2-メチルベンゾイル)-7-ニトロ-9,9-ジ-n-プロピルフルオレン)16.11g(収率94%)を得た。
1H-NMR(600MHz,CDCl3,ppm):8.26(d,1H),8.21(d,1H),7.78-7.81(m,2H),7.72(d,1H),7.46(d,1H),7.39(t,1H),7.29-7.35(m,2H),7.12(d,1H),2.18(s,3H),2.07(s,3H),2.01(m,4H),0.68(m,10H).
(化合物2の合成)
9,9-ジ-n-プロピルフルオレン10.02g(40mmol)、及び塩化アルミニウム5.87g(44mmol)を、ジクロロメタン40mLに溶解させた。ジクロロメタン溶液を氷浴で冷却しながら、5℃以下の温度で、o-トルイルクロライド6.80g(44mmol)をジクロロメタン溶液中に滴下した。滴下後、反応液を撹拌しながら、反応液の温度を1時間かけて室温まで上げ、次いで、室温下で3時間反応を継続した。
その後、反応液を氷浴で5℃まで冷却した。反応液に塩化アルミニウム5.87g(44mmol)を加えた後、反応液の温度を5℃以下に保ちながら、反応液にアセチルクロライド3.45g(44mmol)を滴下した。滴下後、反応液を撹拌しながら、反応液の温度を1時間かけて室温まで上げ、次いで、室温下で3時間反応を継続した。
1H-NMR(600MHz,CDCl3,ppm):7.91(d,1H),7.77-7.68(m,5H),7.41(t,1H),7.35(d,1H),7.32(d,1H),7.27(t,1H),2.42(s,3H),2.37(s,3H),2.28(s,3H),2.01(m,4H),0.65(m,10H).
(化合物3の合成)
o-トルイルクロライド6.80g(44mmol)に変えて、アセチルクロライド3.45g(44mmol)を用いることの他は、合成例3と同様にして、化合物3、6.63g(16.81mmol、収率84%)を得た。化合物3の1H-NMRの測定結果は以下の通りであった。
1H-NMR(600MHz,CDCl3,ppm):8.2(d,1H),8.23(s,1H),7.79-7.83(m,4H),2.48(s,3H),2.27(s,3H),2.06-2.12(m,4H),0.51-0.68(m,10H).
(化合物4の合成)
合成例3に記載の方法について、9,9-ジ-n-プロピルフルオレンを2段階でアシル化する工程において、o-トルイルクロライド6.80g(44mmol)をチオフェン-2-カルボン酸クロライド6.45g(44mmol)に変えることと、アセチルクロライド3.45g(44mmol)をo-トルイルクロライド6.80g(44mmol)に変えることとの他は、合成例3と同様にして、9,9-ジ-n-プロピルフルオレンから化合物4、7.71g(14.39mmol、収率72%)を得た。化合物4の1H-NMRの測定結果は以下の通りであった。
1H-NMR(600MHz,CDCl3,ppm):8.13(d,1H),8.02(s,1H),7.71-7.81(m,4H),7.46(d,1H),7.23-7.28(m,4H),7.08(t,1H),7.05(d,1H),2.28(s,3H),2.21(s,3H),2.01(m,4H),0.68(m,10H).
(化合物5の合成)
合成例3に記載の方法について、9,9-ジ-n-プロピルフルオレンを2段階でアシル化する工程において、o-トルイルクロライド6.80g(44mmol)を1-ナフトエ酸クロライド8.39g(44mmol)に変えることと、アセチルクロライド3.45g(44mmol)をo-トルイルクロライド6.80g(44mmol)に変えることとの他は、合成例3と同様にして、9,9-ジ-n-プロピルフルオレンから化合物5、8.00g(13.80mmol、収率69%)を得た。化合物5の1H-NMRの測定結果は以下の通りであった。
1H-NMR(600MHz,CDCl3,ppm):8.20(d,1H),8.15(s,1H),7.91(d,1H),7.72-7.85(m,6H),7.50-7.57(m,3H),7.23-7.27(m,4H),7.05(d,1H),2.27(s,3H),2.22(s,3H),2.00(m,4H),0.69(m,10H).
(化合物6の合成)
9,9-ジ-n-プロピルフルオレン4.10g(16.37mmol)と、(2-メチルフェニル)酢酸塩化物3.04g(18.00mmol)とを、塩化アルミニウム2.62gの存在下に、ジクロロメタン溶媒、50ml中で、氷冷下で1時間反応させた。反応混合物を氷水にあけ、有機層を分液した。回収した有機層を無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥後、エバポレートした。残渣を酢酸エチル/ヘキサン=1/2の溶離液でシリカゲルカラム精製して、2-(2-メチルフェニル)アセチル-9,9-ジ-n-プロピルフルオレン5.95g(15.55mmol)を得た。2-(2-メチルフェニル)アセチル-9,9-ジ-n-プロピルフルオレン5.95g(15.55mmol)と、濃塩酸1.60g(15.55mmol)とを、亜硝酸イソブチル2.42g(23.33mmol)の存在下に、ジメチルホルムアミド溶媒25ml中で、氷冷下で3時間反応させた。反応液をエバポレートし、残渣に酢酸エチルを加え、飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥後、エバポレートして、下記構造の2-[2-メチルフェニル(ヒドロキシイミノ)アセチル]-9,9-ジ-n-プロピルフルオレン4.80g(11.67mmol)を得た。
1H-NMR(600MHz,CDCl3,ppm):8.60(bs,1H),8.15(d,1H),8.14(s,1H),7.76-8.00(m,2H),7.26-7.53(m,7H),2.35(s,3H),1.98-2.01(m,4H),0.63-0.67(m,10H)
1H-NMR(600MHz,CDCl3,ppm):8.25(d,1H),8.22(s,1H),7.83(d,1H),7.81(dd,1H),7.33-7.40(m,3H),7.26-7.33(m,4H),2.35(s,3H),2.14(s,3H),1.95-2.07(m,4H),0.63-0.66(m,10H).
(化合物7の合成)
(2-メチルフェニル)酢酸塩化物3.04g(18.00mmol)を、3-シクロヘキシルプロピオン酸塩化物3.14g(18.00mmol)に変えることの他は、合成例8と同様にして、中間体である下記構造の2-[シクロヘキシルメチル(ヒドロキシイミノ)アセチル]-9,9-ジ-n-プロピルフルオレンと、化合物7、4.96g(10.80mmol、収率75%)とを得た。
1H-NMR(600MHz,CDCl3,ppm):8.80(bs,1H),7.90-7.98(m,2H),7.70-7.80(m,2H),7.30-7.40(m,3H),2.72(d,2H),1.88-2.02(m,4H),1.54-1.80(m,6H),0.95-1.28(m,5H),0.67-0.77(m,10H)
1H-NMR(600MHz,CDCl3,ppm):8.08-8.14(m,2H),7.70-7.79(m,2H),7.32-7.40(m,3H),2.78(d,2H),2.28(s,3H),1.88-2.10(m,4H),1.53-1.78(m,6H),1.00-1.30(m,5H),0.60-0.77(m,10H).
(化合物8の合成)
(2-メチルフェニル)酢酸塩化物3.04g(18.00mmol)をプロピオン酸塩化物1.67g(18.00mmol)に変えることの他は、合成例8と同様にして、化合物8、3.94g(10.45mmol、収率69%)を得た。化合物8の1H-NMRの測定結果は以下の通りであった。
1H-NMR(600MHz,CDCl3,ppm):8.14(m,2H),7.75(m,2H),7.32(m,3H),2.26(s,3H),2.23(s,3H),1.99-2.13(m,4H),0.28-0.35(m,10H).
(化合物9の合成)
(2-メチルフェニル)酢酸塩化物3.04g(18.00mmol)を3-シクロペンチルプロピオン酸塩化物2.89g(18.00mmol)に変えることの他は、合成例8と同様にして、化合物9、4.46g(10.02mmol、収率72%)を得た。化合物9の1H-NMRの測定結果は以下の通りであった。
1H-NMR(600MHz,CDCl3,ppm):8.06-8.12(m,2H),7.71-7.78(m,2H),7.31-7.40(m,3H),2.52(d,2H),2.27(s,3H),1.89-2.19(m,5H),1.48-1.80(m,6H),1.19-1.26(m,2H),0.61-0.77(m,10H).
(化合物10の合成)
(2-メチルフェニル)酢酸塩化物3.04g(18.00mmol)を(α-ナフチル)酢酸塩化物3.68g(18.00mmol)に変えることの他は、合成例8と同様にして、化合物10、5.29g(10.80mmol、収率78%)を得た。化合物10の1H-NMRの測定結果は以下の通りであった。
1H-NMR(600MHz,CDCl3,ppm):8.26(d,1H),8.24(s,1H),7.82(d,1H),7.82(dd,1H),7.30-7.70(m,10H),2.14(s,3H),1.94-2.05(m,4H),0.62-0.66(m,10H).
(化合物11の合成)
(2-メチルフェニル)酢酸塩化物3.04g(18.00mmol)を1,1’-ビフェニル-2-酢酸塩化物4.15g(18.00mmol)に変えることの他は、合成例8と同様にして、化合物11、5.36g(10.40mmol、収率73%)を得た。化合物11の1H-NMRの測定結果は以下の通りであった。
1H-NMR(600MHz,CDCl3,ppm):8.22(d,1H),8.19(s,1H),7.84(d,1H),7.83(dd,1H),7.20-7.45(m,12H),2.15(s,3H),1.94-2.07(m,4H),0.63-0.66(m,10H).
(化合物12の合成)
9,9-ジ-n-プロピルフルオレン4.10g(16.37mmol)を、2-(チオフェン-2-イル)-9,9-ジ-n-プロピルフルオレン5.90g(16.37mmol)に変えることの他は、合成例9と同様にして、化合物12、5.78g(10.15mmol、収率69%)を得た。2-(チオフェン-2-イル)-9,9-ジ-n-プロピルフルオレンは、合成例6と同様の方法で得た。化合物12の1H-NMRの測定結果は以下の通りであった。
1H-NMR(600MHz,CDCl3,ppm):8.20(d,1H),8.18(s,1H),7.70-7.88(m,4H),7.33-7.45(m,2H),7.12(t,1H),2.78(d,2H),2.28(s,3H),1.88-2.11(m,4H),1.54-1.77(m,6H),0.99-1.30(m,5H),0.59-0.78(m,10H).
(化合物13の合成)
9,9-ジ-n-プロピルフルオレン4.10g(16.37mmol)を、2-(2-メチルベンゾイル)-9,9-ジ-n-プロピルフルオレン6.03g(16.37mmol)に変えることの他は、合成例9と同様にして、化合物13、5.84g(10.10mmol、収率71%)を得た。2-(2-メチルベンゾイル)-9,9-ジ-n-プロピルフルオレンは、合成例4と同様の方法で得た。化合物13の1H-NMRの測定結果は以下の通りであった。
1H-NMR(600MHz,CDCl3,ppm):8.18(d,1H),8.15(s,1H),7.65-7.80(m,4H),7.30-7.45(m,4H),2.77(d,2H),2.28(s,3H),1.87-2.09(m,4H),1.55-1.78(m,6H),1.00-1.31(m,5H),0.60-0.77(m,10H).
(化合物14の合成)
9,9-ジ-n-プロピルフルオレン4.10g(16.37mmol)を、2-ニトロ-9,9-ジ-n-プロピルフルオレン4.84g(16.37mmol)に変えることの他は、合成例9と同様にして、化合物14、5.50g(10.90mmol、収率79%)を得た。2ニトロ-9,9-ジ-n-プロピルフルオレンは、合成例2と同様の方法で得た。化合物14の1H-NMRの測定結果は以下の通りであった。
1H-NMR(600MHz,CDCl3,ppm):8.31(d,1H),8.26(s,1H),7.99-8.11(m,2H),7.42-7.55(m,2H),2.78(d,2H),2.28(s,3H),1.88-2.10(m,4H),1.54-1.78(m,6H),1.00-1.31(m,5H),0.60-0.77(m,10H).
(化合物15の合成)
9,9-ジ-n-プロピルフルオレン4.10g(16.37mmol)を、2-ニトロ-9,9-ジ-n-プロピルフルオレン4.84g(16.37mmol)に変えることの他は、合成例8と同様にして、化合物15、5.33g(10.70mmol、収率77.6%)を得た。2ニトロ-9,9-ジ-n-プロピルフルオレンは、合成例2と同様の方法で得た。化合物14の1H-NMRの測定結果は以下の通りであった。
1H-NMR(600MHz,CDCl3,ppm):8.41(dd,1H),8.35(d,1H),7.91-8.09(m,2H),7.25-7.41(m,6H),2.34(s,3H),2.15(s,3H),1.91-2.09(m,4H),0.62-0.68(m,10H).
(化合物20の合成)
9,9-ジ-n-プロピルフルオレン4.10g(16.37mmol)と、フェニル酢酸塩化物2.78g(18.00mmol)とを、塩化アルミニウム2.62gの存在下に、ジクロロメタン溶媒、50ml中で、氷冷下で1時間反応させた。反応混合物を氷水にあけ、有機層を分液した。回収した有機層を無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥後、エバポレートした。残渣を酢酸エチル/ヘキサン=1/2の溶離液でシリカゲルカラム精製して、2-フェニルアセチル-9,9-ジ-n-プロピルフルオレンを得た。2-フェニルアセチル-9,9-ジ-n-プロピルフルオレン5.73g(15.55mmol)と、濃塩酸1.60g(15.55mmol)とを、亜硝酸イソブチル2.42g(23.33mmol)の存在下に、ジメチルホルムアミド溶媒25ml中で、氷冷下で3時間反応させた。反応液をエバポレートし、残渣に酢酸エチルを加え、飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥後、エバポレートして、下記構造の2-[フェニル(ヒドロキシイミノ)アセチル]-9,9-ジ-n-プロピルフルオレンを得た。
1H-NMR(600MHz,CDCl3,ppm):8.05(s,1H),7.76-7.92(m,2H),7.75(m,2H),7.61(m,2H),7.30-7.41(m,5H),1.92-2.05(m,4H),0.58-0.70(m,10H).
1H-NMR(600MHz,CDCl3,ppm):7.97(s,1H),7.87(dd,1H),7.74-7.79(m,4H),7.72-7.80(m,1H),7.35-7.52(m,5H),1.95-2.03(m,4H),1.94(s,3H),0.58-0.65(m,10H).
(化合物26の合成)
9,9-ジ-n-プロピルフルオレン4.10g(16.37mmol)と、グルタル酸無水物2.05g(18.00mmol)とを、塩化アルミニウム2.62gの存在下に、ジクロロメタン溶媒、50ml中で、氷冷下で1時間反応させた。反応混合物を氷水にあけ、有機層を分液した。回収した有機層を無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥後、エバポレートした。残渣を酢酸エチル/ヘキサン=1/2の溶離液でシリカゲルカラム精製して、5-オキソ-5-(9,9-ジ-n-プロピルフルオレン-2-イル)ペンタン酸を得た。5-オキソ-5-(9,9-ジ-n-プロピルフルオレン-2-イル)ペンタン酸をメタノール中で硫酸触媒を用いてエステル化して、5-オキソ-5-(9,9-ジ-n-プロピルフルオレン-2-イル)ペンタン酸メチルエステルを得た。
5-オキソ-5-(9,9-ジ-n-プロピルフルオレン-2-イル)ペンタン酸メチルエステル5.89g(15.55mmol)と、濃塩酸1.60g(15.55mmol)とを、亜硝酸イソブチル2.42g(23.33mmol)の存在下に、ジメチルホルムアミド溶媒25ml中で、氷冷下で3時間反応させた。反応液をエバポレートし、残渣に酢酸エチルを加え、飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥後、エバポレートして、下記構造の2-[2-メトキシカルボニルエチル(ヒドロキシイミノ)アセチル]-9,9-ジ-n-プロピルフルオレンを得た。
1H-NMR(600MHz,CDCl3,ppm):7.95-8.01(m,2H),7.75-7.84(m,2H),7.30-7.41(m,3H),3.60(s,3H),2.92(t,2H),2.60(t,2H),1.84-2.10(m,4H),0.59-0.74(m,10H)
1H-NMR(600MHz,CDCl3,ppm):7.91-8.01(m,2H),7.76-7.83(m,2H),7.32-7.40(m,3H),3.61(s,3H),2.93(t,2H),2.63(t,2H),2.19(s,3H),1.85-2.10(m,4H),0.59-0.73(m,10H)
(9,9-ジ-3,3,3-トリフルオロ-n-プロピルフルオレンの合成)
フルオレン6.64g(40mmol)を27mLのTHFに溶解させた。反応容器内を窒素ガスで置換した後、得られた溶液を-20℃まで冷却した。n-ブチルリチウム15.8g(1.6Mヘキサン溶液)を反応容器内に滴下した後、反応液を室温に戻した。次いで、反応液を1時間撹拌した。反応液を―78℃に冷却し、1-ヨード-3,3,3-トリフルオロプロパン8.96g(80mmol)を徐々に添加した。得られた混合物を、室温まで加温後1時間撹拌して反応を行った。反応後の混合物に、90%酢酸を加えた後、飽和食塩水とヘキサンを加えた。得られた混合液を、有機層と水層とに分液した。得られた有機層を無水硫酸ナトリウムで脱水した後、ロータリーエバポレーターを用いて有機層から溶媒を除去して、9,9-ジ-3,3,3-トリフルオロ-n-プロピルフルオレン6.45g(収率45%)を得た。
(化合物27の合成)
9,9-ジ-3,3,3-トリフルオロ-n-プロピルフルオレン5.87g(16.37mmol)と、(2-メチルフェニル)酢酸塩化物3.04g(18.00mmol)とを、塩化アルミニウム2.62gの存在下に、ジクロロメタン溶媒、50ml中で、氷冷下で1時間反応させた。反応混合物を氷水にあけ、有機層を分液した。回収した有機層を無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥後、エバポレートした。残渣を酢酸エチル/ヘキサン=1/2の溶離液でシリカゲルカラム精製して、2-(2-メチルフェニル)アセチル-9,9-ジ-3,3,3-トリフルオロ-n-プロピルフルオレンを得た。2-(2-メチルフェニル)アセチル-9,9-ジ-3,3,3-トリフルオロ-n-プロピルフルオレン7.63g(15.55mmol)と、濃塩酸1.60g(15.55mmol)とを、亜硝酸イソブチル2.42g(23.33mmol)の存在下に、ジメチルホルムアミド溶媒25ml中で、氷冷下で3時間反応させた。反応液をエバポレートし、残渣に酢酸エチルを加え、飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥後、エバポレートして、下記構造の2-[2-メチルフェニル(ヒドロキシイミノ)アセチル]-9,9-ジ-3,3,3-トリフルオロ-n-プロピルフルオレンを得た。
1H-NMR(600MHz,CDCl3,ppm):8.65(bs,1H),8.14(d,1H),8.13(s,1H),7.75-7.80(m,2H),7.25-7.52(m,7H),2.34(s,3H),2.16-2.36(m,4H),1.14-1.40(m,4H)
1H-NMR(600MHz,CDCl3,ppm):7.97(s,1H),7.87(dd,1H),7.74-7.79(m,4H),7.72-7.80(m,1H),7.35-7.52(m,5H),1.95-2.03(m,4H),1.94(s,3H),0.58-0.65(m,10H).
(化合物28の合成)
(2-メチルフェニル)酢酸塩化物3.04g(18.00mmol)をフェニル酢酸塩化物2.78g(18.00mmol)に変えることの他は、合成例21と同様にして、化合物28、5.69g(10.40mmol、収率73%)を得た。化合物28の1H-NMRの測定結果は以下の通りであった。
1H-NMR(600MHz,CDCl3,ppm):7.95(s,1H),7.85(dd,1H),7.72-7.79(m,4H),7.34-7.53(m,6H),2.11-2.34(m,4H),1.96(s,3H),1.16-1.40(m,4H).
(化合物29の合成)
(2-メチルフェニル)酢酸塩化物3.04g(18.00mmol)を3-シクロヘキシルプロピオン酸塩化物3.14g(18.00mmol)に変えることの他は、合成例21と同様にして、化合物29、5.90g(10.40mmol、収率73%)を得た。化合物29の1H-NMRの測定結果は以下の通りであった。
1H-NMR(600MHz,CDCl3,ppm):8.08-8.15(m,2H),7.71-7.77(m,2H),7.32-7.41(m,3H),2.77(d,2H),2.11-2.35(m,7H),1.54-1.78(m,6H),1.00-1.41(m,9H).
ジペンタエリスリトールヘキサアクリレート(日本化薬株式会社製)40質量部と、アルカリ可溶性樹脂の溶液58.5質量部と、表1及び表2に記載の種類の光重合開始剤1.5質量部とを、ジエチレングリコールメチルエチルエーテル及びプロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテートからなる混合溶媒で固形分濃度15質量%に希釈した後、これらの成分を均一に混合して、実施例1~26、及び比較例1~3の感光性組成物を得た。混合溶媒中の各溶媒の質量比は、ジエチレングリコールメチルエチルエーテル/プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテートとして、60/40であった。
なお、光重合開始剤が2種の化合物からなる場合、表1及び表2中、上段に記載されている化合物を0.45質量部用い、下段に記載されている化合物を1.05質量部用いた。
感度の評価は、以下の手順で実施した。まず、実施例1~26、及び比較例1~3の感光性組成物をガラス基板(10cm×10cm)上にスピンコーターを用いて塗布し、90℃で120秒間プリベークを行い、ガラス基板の表面に膜厚1.0μmの塗布膜を形成した。その後、ミラープロジェクションアライナー(製品名:TME-150RTO、株式会社トプコン製)を使用し、露光ギャップを50μmとして、幅10μmのパターンの形成されたネガ型マスクを介して、塗布膜に紫外線を照射した。露光量は、30、60、1200mJ/cm2の3段階とした。露光後の塗布膜を、26℃の0.04質量%KOH水溶液で30秒間現像後、230℃にて30分間ポストベークを行うことにより、各露光量のパターンを得た。各露光量でのパターンの線幅を光学顕微鏡で測定し、各露光量での線幅と露光量とから最小二乗法による近似計算により10μmの線幅が得られる露光量を算出した。算出された、現像時間30秒における感度(mJ/cm2)のデータを表1及び表2に示す。表1及び表2に示した感度のデータは、所定の線幅のパターン(10μm)を形成させるのに必要な露光量を示すものであり、この数値が小さいほど感光性組成物の感度が高いことを意味する。
実施例1~26、及び比較例1~3の感光性組成物を、ガラス基板(100mm×100mm)上にスピンコーターを用いて塗布し、70℃で120秒間プリベークを行い、塗布膜を形成した。次いで、ミラープロジェクションアライナー(製品名:TME-150RTO、株式会社トプコン製)を使用し、露光ギャップを50μmとして、幅10μmのラインパターンの形成されたネガ型マスクを介して、塗布膜に紫外線を照射した。露光量は、50、100、2000mJ/cm2の3段階とした。露光後の塗布膜を、26℃の0.04質量%KOH水溶液で50秒間現像後、230℃にて30分間ポストベークを行うことにより、膜厚3.5μmのラインパターンを形成した。
形成されたラインパターンを光学顕微鏡により観察し、パターン直進性を評価した。パターン直進性は、ラインのエッジにがたつきがない場合を「良好」、がたつきがある場合を「不良」として評価した。
形成されたラインパターンを光学顕微鏡により観察し、パターンはがれの有無を確認した。パターンはがれの有無の確認結果を、表1及び表2に記す。
露光量50mJ/cm2で形成されたラインパターンについて、テーパー角を評価した。テーパー角については、走査電子顕微鏡にてパターンと基板との間の接合角度として測定した。このテーパー角は、図1(a)及び(b)における角θに対応する。測定されたテーパー角を表1及び表2に示す。テーパー角が90℃に近いほど、パターン断面の形状が所望する矩形形状に近いことを意味する。テーパー角が鋭角であって、90℃よりも相当量小さな角である場合、パターンにアンダーカットは生じていないが、パターン断面の形状が所望する矩形形状でない。テーパー角が鈍角である場合、パターンにアンダーカットが生じている。
露光量50mJ/cm2で形成されたラインパターンについて、膜減りを評価した。具体的には、走査電子顕微鏡で現像前の塗布膜の膜厚と、現像後のラインパターンの断面の高さとを測定した後、現像前の塗布膜の膜厚から現像後のラインパターンの断面の高さを減じて膜減りを求めた。
露光量を50mJ/cm2として、ポストベークを230℃にて60分間とした以外はラインパターン評価に記載した方法と同様にしてラインパターンを形成した。形成されたラインパターンについて波長350nm及び400nmの光線の透過率を測定した。
波長350nmの光線の透過率の評価基準は以下の通りである。
◎:95%以上
○:90%以上94%未満
△:80%以上90%未満
×:80%未満
680mm×880mmのガラス基板上に、実施例1~26、及び比較例1~3の感光性組成物を塗布した後、90℃で60秒間乾燥して膜厚1.5μmの塗布膜を形成した。形成された塗布膜をマスクを介して露光量90mJ/cm2で露光した後、26℃の0.04質量%KOH水溶液による30秒間の現像と、230℃での30分間のポストベークとを行うことにより、所定の形状の黒色のパターンを得た。パターンの形状は、幅6μmの直交する縦横のラインが、縦150μm間隔、横50μm間隔で形成されたマトリックス形状である。
形成されたパターン中の100μm以上のサイズの異物数を、タカノ株式会社製の外観検査装置を用いて計測し、以下の基準で異物の評価を行った。異物の評価結果を表1及び表2に示す。
◎:パターン中の100μm以上のサイズ異物数が0個
○:パターン中の100μm以上のサイズ異物数が1~2個
△:パターン中の100μm以上のサイズ異物数が3~5個
×:パターン中の100μm以上のサイズ異物数が6個以上
実施例27~52、及び比較例4~6では、光重合性化合物として、樹脂Aと、ジペンタエリスリトールヘキサアクリレート(日本化薬株式会社製)とを用いた。樹脂Aは、以下の処方に従って合成したものを用いた。
なお、光重合開始剤が2種の化合物からなる場合、2種の化合物をそれぞれ2.5質量部ずつ用いた。
感度の評価は、以下の手順で実施した。まず、実施例27~52、及び比較例4~6の感光性組成物をガラス基板(10cm×10cm)上にスピンコーターを用いて塗布し、90℃で120秒間プリベークを行い、ガラス基板の表面に膜厚1.0μmの塗布膜を形成した。その後、ミラープロジェクションアライナー(製品名:TME-150RTO、株式会社トプコン製)を使用し、露光ギャップを50μmとして、幅10μmのパターンの形成されたネガ型マスクを介して、塗布膜に紫外線を照射した。露光量は、30、60、1200mJ/cm2の3段階とした。露光後の塗布膜を、26℃の0.04質量%KOH水溶液で30秒間現像後、230℃にて30分間ポストベークを行うことにより、各露光量のパターンを得た。各露光量でのパターンの線幅を光学顕微鏡で測定し、各露光量での線幅と露光量とから最小二乗法による近似計算により10μmの線幅が得られる露光量を算出した。算出された、現像時間30秒における感度(mJ/cm2)のデータを表3及び表4に示す。表3及び表4に示した感度のデータは、所定の線幅のパターン(10μm)を形成させるのに必要な露光量を示すものであり、この数値が小さいほど感光性組成物の感度が高いことを意味する。
6インチのガラス基板(ダウ・コーニング製、1737ガラス)上に、実施例27~52、及び比較例4~6の感光性組成物を塗布した後、90℃で60秒間乾燥して塗布膜を形成した。次いで、この塗布膜に60mJ/cm2の露光量でghi線を照射した。そして、230℃で20分間、ホットプレート上でポストベークを行って遮光幕を形成した。形成された遮光膜の膜厚は0.8μm、1.0μm、1.2μmの3水準であった。この遮光膜について、D200-II(Macbeth製)を用いて各膜厚におけるOD値を測定し、近似曲線にて1μmあたりのOD値を算出した。実施例27~52、及び比較例4~6の感光性組成物を用いて形成された遮光膜の算出されたOD値は、いずれも4.5/μmであった。
実施例27~52、及び比較例4~6の感光性組成物を用いて形成されたラインパターンのパターン直進性、及びパターンはがれについて、露光量を、20、40、60、120mJ/cm2の4段階に変えることの他は、実施例1と同様に評価を行った。パターン直進性、及びパターンはがれの評価結果を表3及び表4に示す。
露光量40mJ/cm2で形成されたラインパターンの断面のテーパー角を、実施例1と同様に測定した。測定されたテーパー角に基づいて、ラインパターンの断面形状を以下の基準に従って判定した。テーパー角の測定結果と、ラインパターンの断面形状の判定とを、表3及び表4に示す。
◎:テーパー角が70°以上85°以下である。
○:テーパー角が85°超90°以下である。
△:テーパー角が90°超100°以下である。
×:テーパー角が100°超である。
実施例27~52、及び比較例4~6の感光性組成物を用いて形成されたパターン中の異物の含有量の評価を、実施例1~26、及び比較例1~3の感光性組成物と同様の方法により行った。異物の評価結果を表3及び表4に示す。
100mm×100mmのガラス基板上に、実施例27~52、及び比較例4~6の感光性組成物を膜厚1.2μmで塗布した。次いで、形成された塗布膜を90℃で60秒間プリベークした。プリベークされた塗布膜を露光量100mJ/cm2で全面露光した後、230℃で210分間ポストベークを行い、黒色膜を得た。黒色膜に、縦横それぞれ1mm間隔で形成された直交する切れ目を有するクロスカットを施した後、2気圧、水温120℃、12時間の条件で黒色膜を水中に浸漬した。
浸漬後、黒色膜を備えるガラス基板を乾燥させた後、ASTM D3359-09e2.に従ってテープテストを行い、テープテスト後のクロスカットにより形成された黒色膜の升目の剥離状況から、黒色膜の耐水性を評価した。耐水性の評価基準は以下の通りである。耐水性の評価結果を表3及び表4に示す。
5B:升目が全く剥離していていない。
4B:剥離した升目の数が総升目数の5%未満である。
3B:剥離した升目の数が総升目数の5%以上15%未満である。
2B:剥離した升目の数が総升目数の15%以上35%未満である。
1B:剥離した升目の数が総升目数の35%以上65%未満である。
0B:剥離した升目の数が総升目数の65%以上である。
2 アンダーカットが存在するパターンにおける幅方向の断面
Claims (14)
- さらに、(C)着色剤を含む、請求項1に記載の感光性組成物。
- 前記(C)着色剤が遮光剤である、請求項2に記載の感光性組成物。
- 請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の感光性組成物を用いて形成された絶縁膜。
- 請求項2又は3に記載の感光性組成物を用いて形成されたカラーフィルタ。
- 請求項4に記載の絶縁膜又は請求項5に記載のカラーフィルタを備える表示装置。
- 前記mが1である、請求項7又は8に記載の化合物。
- 前記R1が水素原子である、請求項7~9のいずれか1項に記載の化合物。
- 下式(1-1):
前記式(1-3)で表される化合物中の-CO-R4で表される基を、-C(=N-OH)-R4で表される基に変換し、下式(1-4):
前記式(1-1)、(1-3)、及び(1-4)中、R1が水素原子、ニトロ基又は1価の有機基であり、R2及びR3が、それぞれ、置換基を有してもよい鎖状アルキル基、置換基を有してもよい環状有機基、又は水素原子であり、R2とR3とが相互に結合して環を形成してもよく、Halがハロゲン原子であり、R4が1価の有機基であり、nは0~4の整数であり、
前記式(1-3)、及び前記式(1-4)それぞれに含まれる前記R4が、同一であっても異なってもいてもよい、前記式(1-4)で表される化合物の製造方法。 - 下式(1-1):
前記式(2-1)で表される化合物中の、R4とカルボニル基との間に存在するメチレン基をオキシム化して、下式(2-3):
前記式(1-1)、(2-1)、及び(2-3)中、R1が水素原子、ニトロ基又は1価の有機基であり、R2及びR3が、それぞれ、置換基を有してもよい鎖状アルキル基、置換基を有してもよい環状有機基、又は水素原子であり、R2とR3とが相互に結合して環を形成してもよく、Halがハロゲン原子であり、R4が1価の有機基であり、nは0~4の整数であり、
前記式(2-1)、及び前記式(2-3)それぞれに含まれる前記R4が、同一であっても異なってもいてもよい、前記式(2-3)で表される化合物の製造方法。
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JP2017207778A (ja) | 2017-11-24 |
KR102190911B1 (ko) | 2020-12-14 |
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CN107903156B (zh) | 2019-05-31 |
KR20170129277A (ko) | 2017-11-24 |
EP3165965A1 (en) | 2017-05-10 |
JP2020042282A (ja) | 2020-03-19 |
TWI649618B (zh) | 2019-02-01 |
US10539872B2 (en) | 2020-01-21 |
JP6894960B2 (ja) | 2021-06-30 |
CN106537254A (zh) | 2017-03-22 |
JP6254280B2 (ja) | 2017-12-27 |
KR20170032372A (ko) | 2017-03-22 |
KR101907544B1 (ko) | 2018-10-15 |
JP6250219B2 (ja) | 2017-12-20 |
JP6617132B2 (ja) | 2019-12-11 |
KR20180112879A (ko) | 2018-10-12 |
KR101888799B1 (ko) | 2018-08-14 |
CN107903156A (zh) | 2018-04-13 |
JP2018072849A (ja) | 2018-05-10 |
US20170160636A1 (en) | 2017-06-08 |
EP3165965A4 (en) | 2017-08-02 |
CN106537254B (zh) | 2021-01-08 |
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