WO2014024549A1 - オフセット印刷インキ用樹脂 - Google Patents
オフセット印刷インキ用樹脂 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014024549A1 WO2014024549A1 PCT/JP2013/064937 JP2013064937W WO2014024549A1 WO 2014024549 A1 WO2014024549 A1 WO 2014024549A1 JP 2013064937 W JP2013064937 W JP 2013064937W WO 2014024549 A1 WO2014024549 A1 WO 2014024549A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- resin
- unsaturated carboxylic
- offset printing
- metal compound
- anhydride
- Prior art date
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
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- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl p-hydroxycinnamate Natural products OC(=O)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002762 monocarboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N papa-hydroxy-benzoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000007519 polyprotic acids Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001054 red pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003987 resole Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229960004889 salicylic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000003441 saturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZLGIYFNHBLSMPS-ATJNOEHPSA-N shellac Chemical compound OCCCCCC(O)C(O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O.C1C23[C@H](C(O)=O)CCC2[C@](C)(CO)[C@@H]1C(C(O)=O)=C[C@@H]3O ZLGIYFNHBLSMPS-ATJNOEHPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004208 shellac Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940113147 shellac Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000013874 shellac Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-crotonic acid Natural products CC=CC(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SRPWOOOHEPICQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimellitic anhydride Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1 SRPWOOOHEPICQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000341 volatile oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003752 zinc compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UGZADUVQMDAIAO-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Zn+2] UGZADUVQMDAIAO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229940007718 zinc hydroxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910021511 zinc hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/02—Printing inks
- C09D11/10—Printing inks based on artificial resins
- C09D11/102—Printing inks based on artificial resins containing macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions other than those only involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds
- C09D11/104—Polyesters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/02—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/12—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/52—Polycarboxylic acids or polyhydroxy compounds in which at least one of the two components contains aliphatic unsaturation
- C08G63/54—Polycarboxylic acids or polyhydroxy compounds in which at least one of the two components contains aliphatic unsaturation the acids or hydroxy compounds containing carbocyclic rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/02—Printing inks
- C09D11/03—Printing inks characterised by features other than the chemical nature of the binder
- C09D11/037—Printing inks characterised by features other than the chemical nature of the binder characterised by the pigment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/02—Printing inks
- C09D11/10—Printing inks based on artificial resins
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/02—Printing inks
- C09D11/10—Printing inks based on artificial resins
- C09D11/102—Printing inks based on artificial resins containing macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions other than those only involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds
- C09D11/104—Polyesters
- C09D11/105—Alkyd resins
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a rosin-modified polyester-based resin for offset printing ink that has high solubility in varnishing, gives a good gloss to printed matter, and has excellent drying properties and misting resistance during printing.
- Offset printing is suitable for multicolor printing, gradation expression, and clear printing, and is also suitable for mass printing. Therefore, it is frequently used for printing newspapers, flyers, catalogs, books, and the like.
- rosin-modified phenolic resins are mainly used as binder resins for offset printing. The reason is that the rosin-modified phenolic resin has the following characteristics (A) to (C).
- A) It has high pigment dispersibility and can impart good gloss.
- B It is easy to adjust the viscoelasticity of the ink.
- C It is easy to adjust the balance between the hardness and flexibility of the printed film.
- the rosin-modified phenolic resin is generally obtained by modifying a phenol formaldehyde initial condensate with rosin and, if necessary, esterifying with a polyhydric alcohol or the like.
- rosin-modified phenolic resins use formaldehyde as a raw material, and thus have problems in terms of environment and work hygiene. Furthermore, it has been reported that the alkylphenol component exhibits an environmental hormone action.
- a rosin-modified polyester-based binder resin for offset ink that does not use aldehydes and phenols as a raw material has been developed (Patent Document 1).
- the rosin-modified polyester resin is obtained, for example, by reacting rosin with a polyhydric alcohol, a polybasic acid, a fatty acid, or the like.
- rosin-modified polyester resins are easier to set than the rosin-modified phenolic resin, such as the balance of physical properties such as ink gloss, solubility in ink solvents and drying properties, and the balance between printed film hardness and flexibility. is not.
- offset printing gives the printed matter good gloss and film flexibility, and also requires compatibility with non-aromatic ink solvents (aliphatic hydrocarbon solvents) and fats and oils during varnishing. .
- non-aromatic ink solvents aliphatic hydrocarbon solvents
- the amount of fatty acid, particularly higher fatty acid, in the raw material may be increased, and this formulation is economically advantageous.
- the alkylphenol component achieves a balance of hardness and flexibility, hydrophilicity and lipophilicity.
- the amount of fatty acid used is increased, the hardness and drying properties of the ink are greatly impaired, and the misting resistance during printing is also reduced. This is presumably because long-chain alkyl groups derived from higher fatty acids contribute to lipophilicity and plasticity, but the ink resin lacks sites related to hardness and hydrophilicity.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a resin for offset printing ink, which has high solubility during varnishing, can give a good gloss to printed matter, and has excellent drying properties and misting resistance during printing, and To provide an offset printing ink using a resin for offset printing ink. Still another object of the present invention is to provide a method for easily producing such a resin for offset printing ink.
- Offset printing containing a resin obtained by reacting rosins, a resin raw material containing an ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acid or anhydride thereof, a metal compound, a fatty acid or oil, and a polyhydric alcohol.
- a resin for ink containing 10 to 50% by mass of the fatty acid or fat with respect to the total amount of the resin raw material, and the metal compound with respect to the total amount of the resin raw material in terms of metal amount of the metal compound
- a resin for offset printing ink characterized by containing 0.5 to 5% by mass.
- the resin for offset printing ink according to (1) wherein the fatty acid contains a fatty acid having 12 or more carbon atoms as a main component.
- the fatty acid At least one selected from the group consisting of the rosins, the ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acid or its anhydride, and an adduct consisting of the rosins and the ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acid or its anhydride.
- the crosslinked body includes a carboxyl group present in the fatty acid, At least one selected from the group consisting of the rosins, the ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acid or its anhydride, and an adduct consisting of the rosins and the ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acid or its anhydride.
- the carboxyl group present in the seed The resin for offset printing ink according to (3), which is formed through metal ions derived from the metal compound.
- the resin for offset printing ink according to (1) wherein the fat is triglyceride of a fatty acid and glycerin, and at least one fatty acid has 12 or more carbon atoms.
- the cross-linked product is composed of the rosin, the ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acid or its anhydride, and an adduct comprising the rosin and the ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acid or its anhydride.
- the ratio of the metal compound is 0.5 to 5% by mass in terms of the amount of metal in the metal compound.
- (11) At least selected from the group consisting of rosins, ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acids or anhydrides thereof, and adducts comprising the rosins and the ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acids or anhydrides thereof Step A in which one kind forms a crosslinked body crosslinked through metal ions derived from a metal compound; The rosin, the ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acid or anhydride thereof, the adduct, and at least one selected from the group consisting of the cross-linked product and a polyhydric alcohol are subjected to an esterification reaction, And B step for forming the ester; the ester obtained in the B step and the fat and oil are subjected to a transesterification reaction, and an alkyl group in the fat and oil is introduced into the ester.
- the ratio of the fatty acid is 10 to 50 mass with respect to the total amount of the resin raw materials including the rosin, the ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acid or its anhydride, the metal compound, the oil and fat, and the polyhydric alcohol. %, And the ratio of the metal compound is 0.5 to 5% by mass in terms of the amount of metal in the metal compound.
- An offset printing ink comprising the offset printing ink resin according to any one of (1) to (9), a drying oil or semi-drying oil, a solvent, and a pigment.
- a resin for offset printing ink having high solubility during varnishing can be obtained.
- the ink for offset printing obtained using the said resin can give favorable gloss to printed matter, and is excellent in drying property and the misting resistance at the time of printing.
- the method for producing a resin for offset printing ink of the present invention such a resin for offset printing ink can be easily obtained.
- the resin for offset printing ink according to the present invention is a resin obtained by reacting a resin raw material containing rosins, ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acid or its anhydride, metal compound, fatty acid or oil and fat, and polyhydric alcohol. contains.
- resin raw materials including rosins, fatty acids or oils, ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acids or anhydrides thereof, polyhydric alcohols, and metal compounds, and if necessary, contain aromatic carboxylic acids.
- rosins used as the same include rosin and rosin derivatives.
- rosin refers to a residual resin after a volatile substance such as essential oil is distilled off from a resin oil obtained from a pine family plant.
- This resin is a mixture containing a resin acid mainly composed of abietic acid and its analog and a small amount of a neutral component.
- rosins examples include gum rosin, tall oil rosin, and wood rosin.
- rosin derivatives include polymerized rosin, acrylated rosin, hydrogenated rosin, and disproportionated rosin. These rosins may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the rosins are contained in a proportion of preferably 20 to 60% by mass, more preferably 30 to 50% by mass, based on the total amount of the resin raw material.
- ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acid or its anhydride used as a resin raw material is used for increasing the molecular weight of a resin for offset printing ink. That is, ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acid or its anhydride and rosin undergo an addition reaction (Alder's ene reaction or Diels-Alder reaction), and ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acid or its anhydride and rosin The adduct is generated. Since this adduct has at least two carboxyl groups in the molecule, it forms an ester bond with a polyhydric alcohol described later to increase the molecular weight. Thus, the resin which has desired viscoelasticity is obtained by high molecular weight.
- Examples of the ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acid or anhydride thereof include a chain ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated monocarboxylic acid or anhydride thereof having 3 to 5 carbon atoms and 3 to 5 carbon atoms.
- Examples thereof include linear ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated dicarboxylic acids or anhydrides thereof, aromatic ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acids and the like. Specific examples include acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, maleic anhydride, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, itaconic anhydride, crotonic acid, and cinnamic acid.
- These ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acids or anhydrides thereof may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acid or anhydride thereof is contained in an amount of preferably 1 to 15% by mass, more preferably 3 to 10% by mass, based on the total amount of the resin raw material.
- the ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acid or anhydride thereof is contained in such a range, the molecular weight can be easily controlled, and a resin having a desired viscoelasticity necessary for the ink can be obtained more easily.
- the metal compound used as the resin raw material is used as a crosslinking agent for increasing the molecular weight by crosslinking the carboxyl group (—COOH) present in the compound contained in the resin raw material.
- a fatty acid described later when used as a resin raw material, it comprises a fatty acid and a rosin, an ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof, and a rosin and an ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof.
- a crosslinked body is formed in which at least one selected from the group consisting of adducts is crosslinked via metal ions derived from the metal compound.
- crosslinked bodies shown in the following (i) to (iv) are formed.
- a cross-linked body is formed in which at least one selected from the group consisting of the cross-linked metal ions derived from the metal compound is cross-linked.
- crosslinked bodies shown in the following (i ′) to (x ′) are formed.
- (I ′) A crosslinked product in which adducts are crosslinked via metal ions.
- (Ii ′) A crosslinked product obtained by crosslinking an adduct and an unreacted rosin through a metal ion.
- (Iii ′) A crosslinked product obtained by crosslinking an adduct and an unreacted ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acid or anhydride thereof via a metal ion.
- (Iv ′) A crosslinked product obtained by crosslinking an adduct and an aromatic carboxylic acid, which is an optional component described later, via a metal ion.
- V ′ A crosslinked product in which unreacted rosins are crosslinked via metal ions.
- Vi ′ A crosslinked product in which an unreacted rosin and an unreacted ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acid or anhydride thereof are crosslinked via a metal ion.
- Vii ′ A crosslinked product in which an unreacted rosin and an aromatic carboxylic acid which is an optional component described later are crosslinked via a metal ion.
- Viii ′ A crosslinked product in which unreacted ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acid or its anhydride is crosslinked through a metal ion.
- (Ix ′) A crosslinked product in which an unreacted ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acid or anhydride thereof and an aromatic carboxylic acid, which is an optional component described later, are crosslinked via a metal ion.
- (X ′) A crosslinked product in which aromatic carboxylic acids, which are optional components described later, are crosslinked via metal ions.
- the molecular weight of the cross-linked product formed by cross-linking carboxyl groups present in the resin raw material via metal ions increases, and as a result, the drying property and misting resistance of the ink are improved.
- affinity with a pigment can be improved and dispersibility can be improved.
- the metal compound examples include hydroxides and oxides of divalent or higher metals such as calcium, zinc, magnesium, aluminum, cobalt, copper, lead, and manganese.
- calcium such as calcium hydroxide, calcium oxide, zinc hydroxide, zinc oxide, magnesium hydroxide, magnesium oxide is highly reactive with respect to carboxyl groups present in resin raw materials and has high affinity with pigments.
- Compounds, zinc compounds or magnesium compounds are preferred. These metal compounds may be used independently and may use 2 or more types together.
- the metal compound is contained in an amount of 0.5 to 5% by mass with respect to the total amount of the resin raw material in terms of the metal amount of the metal compound (the ratio of the mass corresponding to the metal portion; By containing the metal compound in such a ratio, a resin having an excellent balance between hydrophilicity and lipophilicity can be obtained.
- the content of the metal compound in terms of the amount of metal is less than 0.5% by mass, the molecular weight becomes small, and the misting resistance at the time of printing and the drying property of the ink are deteriorated.
- the content of the metal compound in terms of metal amount is preferably 1 to 3% by mass.
- the content of the metal compound is set to a ratio of about 2 to 15 parts by mass.
- the amount is preferably about 3 to 10 parts by mass.
- gravure printing metal salts of rosins are generally used as ink resins.
- gravure printing is a printing method that is completely different from offset printing. For this reason, even if a gravure printing ink resin is used as an offset printing ink resin, the solubility in an aliphatic hydrocarbon solvent is inferior, and furthermore, printing with water causes problems such as easy emulsification of the ink. .
- a metal compound may be used as an esterification catalyst in the production of a rosin-modified polyester resin. Since the metal catalyst used for esterification is reused many times in the reaction system, a very small amount is sufficient. On the contrary, if a large amount of metal is added before the addition of alcohol, an insoluble material of metal is deposited, and the performance as an ink resin is deteriorated. In contrast, in the present invention, a relatively large amount of metal compound is used. The reason is that a small part of the metal compound may act as an esterification catalyst, but the main purpose is to crosslink the carboxyl group present in the resin raw material via metal ions derived from the metal compound. It is. For example, when fatty acids are used, the amount of fatty acids used is relatively large, so that even though a large amount of metal is used, the metal compound dissolves quickly and forms a crosslinked structure via metal ions. be able to.
- the fatty acid used as a resin raw material is used to impart lipophilicity to the resin. That is, a crosslinked body as shown in the above (i) to (iv) is formed to impart lipophilicity. Since the lipophilicity of the fatty acid depends on the alkyl group portion of the fatty acid, a higher fatty acid having a large number of carbon atoms is preferred, and a fatty acid having 12 or more carbon atoms is the main component. Examples of the fatty acid include fatty acids derived from animal oils and fats described later, fatty acids derived from vegetable oils, and the like.
- the fatty acid having 12 or more carbon atoms may be either a saturated fatty acid or an unsaturated fatty acid.
- saturated fatty acid include lauric acid (carbon number 12), myristic acid (carbon number 14), palmitic acid (carbon number 16), stearic acid (carbon number 18), and the like.
- unsaturated fatty acids include ⁇ -linolenic acid (carbon number 18), linoleic acid (carbon number 18), oleic acid (carbon number 18), and the like.
- saturated fatty acids such as stearic acid are preferable because they are excellent in various physical properties such as solubility in an ink solvent and drying properties.
- the fatty acid need not be a purified fatty acid and may be a mixed fatty acid.
- the mixed fatty acid include a mixture of two or more fatty acids, a fatty acid derived from animal fats and oils, a fatty acid derived from vegetable fats and oils, and the like.
- fatty acids derived from animal fats and oils mainly composed of fatty acids having 12 or more carbon atoms include beef tallow fatty acids, pork tallow fatty acids, fish oil fatty acids, and fatty acids obtained by hydrogenating (curing) them.
- examples of fatty acids derived from vegetable oils and fats mainly composed of fatty acids having 12 or more carbon atoms include tall oil fatty acids, soybean oil fatty acids, linseed oil fatty acids, tung oil fatty acids, coconut oil fatty acids, castor oil fatty acids and the like. Is mentioned.
- the fats and oils used as a resin raw material are used in order to provide lipophilicity to resin.
- solubility in a solvent or the like used in ink production is enhanced.
- Lipophilic properties include rosins, ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acids or anhydrides thereof, adducts described above, cross-linked products described above, aromatic carboxylic acids described below (used as necessary), and polyhydric alcohols described below. It is provided by introducing an alkyl group derived from fat (triglyceride) into the polyester resin by a transesterification reaction between the polyester resin obtained from the fat and fat.
- the fats and oils are not particularly limited, and examples thereof include animal fats and oils and vegetable fats and oils.
- these oils and fats those containing at least triglyceride composed of fatty acids in which at least one of the three fatty acids has 12 or more carbon atoms are preferable.
- animal fats include beef tallow, pork tallow, and fish oil.
- vegetable oils include soybean oil, linseed oil, tung oil, palm oil, castor oil, palm oil, and rapeseed oil.
- the regeneration treatment method includes removal of precipitates and decolorization by filtration or the like. These fats and oils may be used independently and may use 2 or more types together.
- Fatty acids or fats and oils are contained in a proportion of 10 to 50% by mass with respect to the total amount of resin raw materials. If the fatty acid or fat content is less than 10% by mass, the solubility in the solvent used in the production of the ink will be low, resulting in poor pigment dispersibility and poor gloss on the printed matter. . On the other hand, when the content of the fatty acid or fat exceeds 50% by mass, the resin becomes soft and the misting resistance during printing and the drying property of the ink deteriorate.
- the fatty acid or fat is preferably contained in a proportion of 20 to 40% by mass with respect to the total amount of the resin raw material.
- the fatty acid or fats and oils used as a resin raw material are used in distinction from the solvent used when manufacturing ink, such as resin varnishing.
- the fatty acid and the fat may be used alone, or the fatty acid and the fat may be used in combination.
- the fatty acid and fat are contained in a total amount of 10 to 50% by mass, preferably 20 to 40% by mass, based on the total amount of the resin raw materials.
- the polyhydric alcohol used as a resin raw material includes the above-mentioned adduct, unreacted rosin, unreacted ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acid or anhydride thereof, the above-mentioned crosslinked product, fatty acid, and the following Reacts with an aromatic carboxylic acid to form an ester.
- the ink tends to be easily emulsified in printing with water.
- polyhydric alcohol examples include ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, tripropylene glycol, hexanediol, glycerin, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, D- Examples include sorbitol.
- a trihydric or higher polyhydric alcohol is preferable in that the resin can have a high molecular weight and the viscoelasticity necessary for the ink can be easily obtained.
- a polyhydric alcohol may be used independently and may use 2 or more types together.
- the polyhydric alcohol is preferably contained in an amount of 0.5 to 2 equivalents, more preferably 0.9 to 1.3 equivalents, relative to 1 equivalent of the carboxyl group present in the resin raw material.
- a resin imparting desired viscoelasticity necessary for the ink is more easily obtained.
- the solubility in a solvent used in the production of the ink becomes better, and the ink is less likely to be emulsified even in printing with water.
- the carboxyl group present in the resin raw material includes a carboxyl group derived from rosins, a carboxyl group derived from an ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acid or its anhydride, a carboxyl group derived from a fatty acid, and an aromatic group described later. Examples thereof include a carboxyl group derived from a carboxylic acid.
- the resin raw material may further contain an aromatic carboxylic acid as necessary.
- an aromatic carboxylic acid it is possible to adjust the solubility in a solvent used in the production of the ink, and to adjust the molecular weight of the resin.
- aromatic monocarboxylic acids are used to adjust solubility in solvents used in ink production
- aromatic dicarboxylic acids and aromatic polyvalent carboxylic acids are used to adjust the molecular weight of resins. .
- aromatic carboxylic acid examples include benzoic acid, salicylic acid, naphthoic acid, phthalic acid, phthalic anhydride, trimellitic acid, trimellitic anhydride, and these substituted products in which at least one alkyl group is introduced on the aromatic ring. Can be mentioned. These aromatic carboxylic acids may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the aromatic carboxylic acid is contained in a proportion of preferably 20% by mass or less, more preferably 10% by mass or less, and further preferably 4 to 10% by mass with respect to the total amount of the resin raw material when used as necessary.
- the method for producing the resin for offset printing ink according to the present invention is not particularly limited.
- the resin for offset printing ink according to the present invention is obtained, for example, by the following first step and second step when using a fatty acid.
- First step From the group consisting of fatty acids and rosins, ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acids or anhydrides thereof, and adducts comprising the rosins and the ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acids or anhydrides thereof.
- Second step Estimating at least one selected from the group consisting of the rosins, the ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acid or its anhydride, the adduct, the cross-linked product, and a fatty acid, and a polyhydric alcohol.
- the reaction temperature in the first step and the second step is preferably 100 to 290 ° C., more preferably 200 to 270 ° C., although it varies depending on the composition of the raw material.
- the reaction time is preferably 2 to 20 hours, more preferably 3 to 10 hours. For example, when the raw materials are added sequentially, the reaction time is from the start of the addition of the raw materials until the final product is obtained. Is the total time.
- an ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acid or anhydride thereof and an rosin having an unsaturated bond undergo an addition reaction (Alder ene reaction or Diels-Alder reaction), and ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acid or its anhydride and rosin adduct is formed.
- the first step after completion of the addition reaction or in parallel with the addition reaction, from the adduct, the unreacted rosin, and the unreacted ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acid or anhydride thereof. At least one selected from the group consisting of a fatty acid and a fatty acid forms a crosslinked product via a metal ion derived from the metal compound.
- the fatty acid, the above adduct, the above crosslinked body, the unreacted rosin, and the unreacted ⁇ , ⁇ The polyhydric alcohol reacts with at least one selected from the group consisting of unsaturated carboxylic acids or anhydrides to form esters. Since the adduct has two or more carboxyl groups in the molecule, it reacts with a polyhydric alcohol to form an ester, and a high molecular weight resin (rosin-modified polyester resin) is obtained.
- a crosslinked body what has a carboxyl group in a molecule
- numerator reacts with a polyhydric alcohol, and is esterified.
- the resin for offset printing ink according to the present invention can be obtained, for example, by the following steps A to C.
- Step A at least selected from the group consisting of rosins, ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acids or anhydrides thereof, and adducts comprising the rosins and the ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acids or anhydrides thereof
- Step B consisting of the rosin, the ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acid or its anhydride, an adduct comprising the rosin and the ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acid or its anhydride, and the crosslinked product
- Step C A step of subjecting the ester and fat obtained in Step B to a transesterification reaction and introducing an alkyl group in the fat into the ester.
- the reaction temperature and reaction time in Steps A to C are the same as those in the case of using a fatty acid.
- ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acid or its anhydride and rosins having an unsaturated bond undergo an addition reaction (Alder ene reaction or Diels-Alder reaction), and ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acid or its anhydride and rosins are formed.
- step A after completion of the addition reaction or in parallel with the addition reaction, the adduct, the unreacted rosin, and the unreacted ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acid or anhydride thereof are included. At least one selected from the group forms a crosslinked product via a metal ion derived from a metal compound.
- Step B after completion of the crosslinking reaction in Step A or in parallel with the crosslinking reaction, the adduct, the crosslinked body, the unreacted rosin, and the unreacted ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acid or At least one selected from the group consisting of the anhydrides reacts with the polyhydric alcohol to form an ester.
- the adduct Since the adduct has two or more carboxyl groups in the molecule, it reacts with a polyhydric alcohol to form an ester, and a high molecular weight resin (rosin-modified polyester resin) is obtained. As described above, the cross-linked product having a carboxyl group in the molecule is esterified by reacting with a polyhydric alcohol.
- Step C after completion of the esterification reaction in Step B or in parallel with the esterification reaction, an alkyl group in the fat is introduced into the rosin-modified polyester resin by a transesterification reaction between the produced ester and the fat. .
- the C step at least a part of the ester formed in the B step undergoes transesterification reaction with fats and oils, and alkyl groups derived from the fats and oils (for example, alkyl groups having 12 or more carbon atoms) are introduced.
- a rosin-modified polyester resin is obtained.
- the resin for offset printing ink according to the present invention includes, in addition to the above-mentioned rosin-modified polyester resin, other ink resins such as shellac, gilsonite, alkyd resin, and rosin-modified phenolic resin as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired. It may contain.
- the resin for offset printing ink according to the present invention is generally a drying oil or a semi-drying oil (for example, linseed oil, tung oil, soybean oil, soybean white squeezed oil, etc.) and a solvent (for example, aliphatic Mixed with hydrocarbon solvent).
- a drying oil or a semi-drying oil for example, linseed oil, tung oil, soybean oil, soybean white squeezed oil, etc.
- a solvent for example, aliphatic Mixed with hydrocarbon solvent
- various gelling agents may be added in consideration of viscoelasticity as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
- the gelling agent is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include aluminum compounds such as aluminum alcoholate and aluminum soap; metal soaps such as manganese, cobalt and zirconium; alkanolamine and the like.
- a gelling agent may be used independently and may use 2 or more types together.
- the resin for offset printing ink according to the present invention does not use aldehydes and phenols, synthesis of resole is unnecessary. Furthermore, since the crosslinked body is formed using the metal compound, the resin for offset printing ink according to the present invention can be varnished in a relatively short time as compared with the rosin-modified phenol resin.
- An offset printing ink is prepared by dispersing a pigment of a desired color (black pigment, blue pigment, red pigment, etc.) in the obtained varnish.
- the offset printing ink obtained by using the resin for offset printing ink according to the present invention is excellent in drying property and misting resistance during printing, and can be replaced with a conventional rosin-modified phenol resin. Furthermore, when this offset printing ink is used, a printed matter having a good gloss and a flexible coating film can be obtained.
- Example 1 When the total resin raw material is 100% by mass, the reaction vessel is charged so that the ratio of gum rosin is 38% by mass and soybean oil fatty acid is 36.8% by mass as the rosin. The solution was heated up to dissolve. After dissolution, maleic anhydride as an ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acid or its anhydride is added at a rate of 7.6% by mass, and zinc oxide as a metal compound at a rate of 2.8% by mass, followed by reaction for 1 hour. I let you. Next, pentaerythritol as a polyhydric alcohol was added at a ratio of 14.8% by mass, and the temperature was raised to 270 ° C.
- the obtained resin contains the metal compound at a ratio of about 6.3 parts by mass in terms of metal with respect to 100 parts by mass of the fatty acid.
- polyhydric alcohol penentaerythritol
- penentaerythritol is contained so that it may become 1.1 equivalent with respect to 1 equivalent of carboxyl groups which exist in a resin raw material.
- the obtained resin for offset printing ink is 50% by mass, soy white squeezed oil is 15% by mass, and AF7 (manufactured by Shin Nippon Petrochemical Co., Ltd., aroma-free solvent) is 35% by mass.
- AF7 manufactured by Shin Nippon Petrochemical Co., Ltd., aroma-free solvent
- the obtained varnish was mixed in a proportion of 70% by mass and the indigo pigment in a proportion of 19% by mass, and the indigo pigment was obtained using a three roll mill (manufactured by Inoue Seisakusho, S-4 3/4 ⁇ 11). Dispersed in varnish.
- varnish was added at 4 mass% and AF7 was added at a ratio of 7 mass% to obtain an offset printing ink.
- Examples 2 to 8 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 Resin for offset printing ink was obtained in the same procedure as in Example 1 except that the components shown in Table 1 were used in the proportions shown in Table 1.
- the polyhydric alcohol is contained in an amount of 1.0 to 1.3 equivalents relative to 1 equivalent of the carboxyl group present in the resin raw material.
- Example 2 a varnish was obtained in the same procedure as in Example 1 except that the obtained offset printing ink resin was used.
- the resin obtained in Comparative Example 1 was too low in solubility in AF7, the resin of Comparative Example 1 was clouded and a varnish could not be obtained.
- offset printing inks were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the varnish, AF7 and indigo pigment were used in the proportions shown in Table 2.
- the varnish content in Table 2 describes the total amount, and 70% by mass was used for dispersing the indigo pigment, and the rest was used for adjusting the tack.
- a varnish was prepared in the same procedure as in Example 1 except that a conventional rosin-modified phenolic resin (Harima Kasei Co., Ltd., Hariphenol P-600) was used as the offset printing ink resin. Offset printing inks were obtained using varnish, AF and indigo pigments in proportions.
- Haliphenol P-600 is a resin obtained by reacting rosin pentaerythritol ester with phenol formaldehyde precondensate.
- the offset printing inks of Examples 1 to 8 were prepared by using a conventional offset printing ink using rosin-modified phenolic resin (reference example), (1) gloss value, (2) drying property, (3 It can be seen that both the) resistance to misting and the (4) maximum emulsification amount are equivalent or equivalent.
- the offset printing ink of Comparative Example 2 contained too little fatty acid in the resin, the solubility in the solvent was lowered and the gloss was deteriorated.
- the offset printing ink of Comparative Example 3 had good glossiness due to the high fatty acid content, but had poor drying and misting resistance.
- the offset printing ink of Comparative Example 4 had poor drying properties and misting resistance because the metal compound content was too small relative to the fatty acid content.
- the offset printing ink of Comparative Example 5 had a large maximum emulsification amount because the metal compound content was too much relative to the fatty acid content.
- Example 9 When the total resin raw material is 100% by mass, 41.0% by mass of gum rosin and 38.0% by mass of soybean oil are charged into a reaction vessel and heated to 200 ° C. while blowing nitrogen gas, These were dissolved. After dissolution, maleic anhydride was added at 7.6% by mass and zinc oxide at 2.8% by mass and reacted for 2 hours. Next, pentaerythritol as a polyhydric alcohol was added at a ratio of 10.6% by mass, and the temperature was raised to 270 ° C. and reacted for about 7 hours to obtain a resin for offset printing ink. In the obtained resin, the metal compound is contained at a ratio of about 6.1 parts by mass in terms of metal with respect to 100 parts by mass of the fats and oils. Moreover, polyhydric alcohol (pentaerythritol) is contained so that it may become 1.1 equivalent with respect to 1 equivalent of carboxyl groups which exist in a resin raw material.
- Example 10 to 16 and Comparative Examples 6 to 10 Resins for offset printing inks were obtained in the same procedure as in Example 9, except that the components shown in Table 3 were used in the proportions shown in Table 3.
- Comparative Example 6 is the same as Comparative Example 1 described above.
- the polyhydric alcohol is contained in an amount of 1.0 to 1.2 equivalents relative to 1 equivalent of the carboxyl group present in the resin raw material.
- a varnish was obtained in the same procedure as in Example 9, except that the obtained offset printing ink resin was used.
- the resin of Comparative Example 6 was too low in solubility in AF7, so that the resin of Comparative Example 6 was clouded and a varnish could not be obtained.
- varnishes were obtained in the same manner as in Example 9, except that varnish, AF and indigo pigment were used in the proportions shown in Table 4.
- the varnish content in Table 4 describes the total amount, and 70% by mass was used for dispersing the indigo pigment, and the rest was used for adjusting the tack.
- the offset printing inks of Examples 9 to 16 are the offset printing ink using a conventional rosin-modified phenol resin (reference example), (1) gloss value, (2) drying property, (3 It can be seen that both the) resistance to misting and the (4) maximum emulsification amount are equivalent or equivalent.
- the offset printing ink of Comparative Example 7 contained too little oil and fat in the resin, the solubility in the solvent was lowered and the glossiness was deteriorated.
- the offset printing ink of Comparative Example 8 had good glossiness due to a high content of fats and oils, but had poor drying and misting resistance.
- the offset printing ink of Comparative Example 9 had poor dryability and misting resistance because the metal compound content was too small relative to the fat content.
- the offset printing ink of Comparative Example 10 had a large maximum emulsification amount because the metal compound content was too much relative to the fat content.
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Abstract
Description
(A)高い顔料分散性を有し、良好な光沢を付与することができる。
(B)インキの粘弾性を調整しやすい。
(C)印刷被膜の硬さと柔軟性とのバランスを調整しやすい。
ロジン変性ポリエステル系樹脂は、例えば、ロジンに多価アルコール、多塩基酸、脂肪酸などを反応させて得られる。しかし、ロジン変性ポリエステル系樹脂は、インキの光沢、インキ溶剤への溶解性や乾燥性などの諸物性のバランス、印刷被膜の硬さと柔軟性とのバランスなどの設定が、ロジン変性フェノール樹脂ほど容易ではない。一般に、オフセット印刷では、印刷物に良好な光沢および塗膜の柔軟性を与えるとともに、ワニス化の際に非芳香族系のインキ溶剤(脂肪族炭化水素溶剤)や油脂類との相溶性も求められる。そのためには、原料中の脂肪酸、特に高級脂肪酸の量を多くすればよく、この処方は経済的にも有利である。
本発明のさらに他の課題は、このようなオフセット印刷インキ用樹脂を容易に製造する方法を提供することである。
(1)ロジン類と、α,β-不飽和カルボン酸またはその無水物と、金属化合物と、脂肪酸または油脂と、多価アルコールとを含む樹脂原料を反応させて得られる樹脂を含有するオフセット印刷インキ用樹脂であって、前記脂肪酸または油脂を、前記樹脂原料の総量に対して10~50質量%含有し、かつ前記金属化合物を、該金属化合物の金属量換算で前記樹脂原料の総量に対して0.5~5質量%含有することを特徴とするオフセット印刷インキ用樹脂。
(2)前記脂肪酸は、12個以上の炭素原子を有する脂肪酸を主成分とする、(1)に記載のオフセット印刷インキ用樹脂。
(3)前記脂肪酸と、
前記ロジン類、前記α,β-不飽和カルボン酸またはその無水物、および前記ロジン類と前記α,β-不飽和カルボン酸またはその無水物とからなる付加体からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種とが、
前記金属化合物に由来する金属イオンを介して架橋された架橋体を含む、(1)または(2)に記載のオフセット印刷インキ用樹脂。
(4)前記架橋体は、前記脂肪酸に存在するカルボキシル基と、
前記ロジン類、前記α,β-不飽和カルボン酸またはその無水物、および前記ロジン類と前記α,β-不飽和カルボン酸またはその無水物とからなる付加体からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種に存在するカルボキシル基とが、
前記金属化合物に由来する金属イオンを介して形成されている、(3)に記載のオフセット印刷インキ用樹脂。
(5)前記油脂は、脂肪酸とグリセリンとのトリグリセライドであり、少なくとも1つの脂肪酸が12個以上の炭素原子を有している、(1)に記載のオフセット印刷インキ用樹脂。
(6)前記ロジン類、前記α,β-不飽和カルボン酸またはその無水物、および前記ロジン類と前記α,β-不飽和カルボン酸またはその無水物とからなる付加体からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種が、
前記金属化合物に由来する金属イオンを介して架橋された架橋体を含む、(1)または(5)に記載のオフセット印刷インキ用樹脂。
(7)前記架橋体は、前記ロジン類、前記α,β-不飽和カルボン酸またはその無水物、および前記ロジン類と前記α,β-不飽和カルボン酸またはその無水物とからなる付加体からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種に存在するカルボキシル基が、
前記金属化合物に由来する金属イオンを介して形成されている、(6)に記載のオフセット印刷インキ用樹脂。
(8)前記樹脂原料が、芳香族カルボン酸をさらに含有する、(1)~(7)のいずれかに記載のオフセット印刷インキ用樹脂。
(9)前記金属化合物が、2価以上の金属化合物を含む、(1)~(8)のいずれかに記載のオフセット印刷インキ用樹脂。
(10)脂肪酸と、ロジン類、α,β-不飽和カルボン酸またはその無水物、および前記ロジン類と前記α,β-不飽和カルボン酸またはその無水物とからなる付加体からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種とを、金属化合物に由来する金属イオンを介して架橋させた架橋体を形成させる第1工程;ならびに
前記ロジン類、前記α,β-不飽和カルボン酸またはその無水物、前記付加体、前記架橋体、および前記脂肪酸からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種と、多価アルコールとをエステル化反応に供し、エステルを形成させる第2工程を含み、
前記ロジン類、前記α,β-不飽和カルボン酸またはその無水物、前記金属化合物、前記脂肪酸、および前記多価アルコールを含む樹脂原料の合計量に対して、前記脂肪酸の割合が10~50質量%であり、かつ前記金属化合物の割合が、該金属化合物の金属量換算で0.5~5質量%であることを特徴とする、オフセット印刷インキ用樹脂の製造方法。
(11)ロジン類、α,β-不飽和カルボン酸またはその無水物、および前記ロジン類と前記α,β-不飽和カルボン酸またはその無水物とからなる付加体からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種が、金属化合物に由来する金属イオンを介して架橋させた架橋体を形成させるA工程;
前記ロジン類、前記α,β-不飽和カルボン酸またはその無水物、前記付加体、および前記架橋体からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種と、多価アルコールとをエステル化反応に供し、エステルを形成させるB工程;ならびに
前記B工程で得られたエステルと油脂とをエステル交換反応に供し、前記油脂中のアルキル基を前記エステルに導入するC工程を含み、
前記ロジン類、前記α,β-不飽和カルボン酸またはその無水物、前記金属化合物、前記油脂、および前記多価アルコールを含む樹脂原料の合計量に対して、前記脂肪酸の割合が10~50質量%であり、かつ前記金属化合物の割合が、該金属化合物の金属量換算で0.5~5質量%であることを特徴とする、オフセット印刷インキ用樹脂の製造方法。
(12)上記(1)~(9)のいずれかに記載のオフセット印刷インキ用樹脂、乾性油または半乾性油、溶剤、および顔料を含有する、オフセット印刷用インキ。
本発明において、樹脂原料(ロジン類、脂肪酸または油脂、α,β-不飽和カルボン酸またはその無水物、多価アルコール、および金属化合物からなり、必要に応じて芳香族カルボン酸を含む。以下、同じ。)として用いられるロジン類としては、ロジンおよびロジン誘導体が挙げられる。一般にロジンとは、マツ科植物から得られる樹脂油を原料とし、精油などの揮発性物質を留去した後の残留樹脂のことをいう。この樹脂は、アビエチン酸とその類縁体を主成分とする樹脂酸と少量の中性成分とを含有する混合物である。
本発明において、樹脂原料として用いられるα,β-不飽和カルボン酸またはその無水物は、オフセット印刷インキ用樹脂を高分子量化するために用いられる。すなわち、α,β-不飽和カルボン酸またはその無水物とロジン類とが付加反応(アルダーのエン反応またはディールス-アルダー反応)し、α,β-不飽和カルボン酸またはその無水物とロジン類との付加体が生成される。この付加体は、分子内に少なくとも2個のカルボキシル基を有するため、後述の多価アルコールとエステル結合を形成して高分子量化する。このように、高分子量化することによって、所望の粘弾性を有する樹脂が得られる。
本発明において、樹脂原料として用いられる金属化合物は、樹脂原料に含まれる化合物中に存在するカルボキシル基(-COOH)を架橋させて、分子量を高めるなどの架橋剤として用いられる。例えば、樹脂原料として後述の脂肪酸を用いる場合、脂肪酸と、ロジン類、α,β-不飽和カルボン酸またはその無水物、およびロジン類とα,β-不飽和カルボン酸またはその無水物とからなる付加体からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種とが、金属化合物に由来する金属イオンを介して架橋された架橋体が形成される。
(i)脂肪酸と付加体とが金属イオンを介して架橋した架橋体。
(ii)脂肪酸と未反応のロジン類とが金属イオンを介して架橋した架橋体。
(iii)脂肪酸と未反応のα,β-不飽和カルボン酸またはその無水物とが金属イオンを介して架橋した架橋体。
(iv)脂肪酸と後述の任意成分である芳香族カルボン酸とが金属イオンを介して架橋した架橋体。
(i’)付加体同士が金属イオンを介して架橋した架橋体。
(ii’)付加体と未反応のロジン類とが金属イオンを介して架橋した架橋体。
(iii’)付加体と未反応のα,β-不飽和カルボン酸またはその無水物とが金属イオンを介して架橋した架橋体。
(iv’)付加体と後述の任意成分である芳香族カルボン酸とが金属イオンを介して架橋した架橋体。
(v’)未反応のロジン類同士が金属イオンを介して架橋した架橋体。
(vi’)未反応のロジン類と未反応のα,β-不飽和カルボン酸またはその無水物とが金属イオンを介して架橋した架橋体。
(vii’)未反応のロジン類と後述の任意成分である芳香族カルボン酸とが金属イオンを介して架橋した架橋体。
(viii’)未反応のα,β-不飽和カルボン酸またはその無水物同士が金属イオンを介して架橋した架橋体。
(ix’)未反応のα,β-不飽和カルボン酸またはその無水物と後述の任意成分である芳香族カルボン酸とが金属イオンを介して架橋した架橋体。
(x’)後述の任意成分である芳香族カルボン酸同士が金属イオンを介して架橋した架橋体。
特に、上記範囲内であっても、よりバランスに優れた樹脂を得るために、後述の脂肪酸または油脂を100質量部とした場合、金属化合物の含有量を2~15質量部程度の割合とすることが好ましく、3~10質量部程度とすることがより好ましい。
本発明において、樹脂原料として用いられる脂肪酸は、樹脂に親油性を付与するために使用される。すなわち、上述の(i)~(iv)に示すような架橋体を形成し、親油性を付与している。脂肪酸の親油性は、脂肪酸のアルキル基部分に依存するため、炭素原子を多く有する高級脂肪酸が好ましく、12個以上の炭素原子を有する脂肪酸が主たる成分であることがより好ましい。脂肪酸としては、例えば、後述の動物性油脂由来の脂肪酸、植物性油脂由来の脂肪酸などが挙げられる。
また、12個以上の炭素原子を有する脂肪酸を主成分とする植物性油脂由来の脂肪酸としては、例えば、トール油脂肪酸、大豆油脂肪酸、アマニ油脂肪酸、桐油脂肪酸、やし油脂肪酸、ひまし油脂肪酸などが挙げられる。
本発明において、樹脂原料として用いられる油脂は、樹脂に親油性を付与するために使用される。親油性が付与されると、インキの製造の際に使用される溶剤などへの溶解性が高められる。親油性は、ロジン類、α,β-不飽和カルボン酸またはその無水物、上述の付加体、上述の架橋体、後述の芳香族カルボン酸(必要に応じて使用)、および後述の多価アルコールから得られるポリエステル樹脂と、油脂とのエステル交換反応によって、ポリエステル樹脂に油脂(トリグリセライド)由来のアルキル基を導入することによって付与される。
脂肪酸または油脂は、樹脂原料の総量に対して、好ましくは20~40質量%の割合で含有される。なお、樹脂原料として用いられる脂肪酸または油脂は、樹脂のワニス化などインキを製造する際に用いられる溶剤とは、区別して使用される。
本発明において、樹脂原料として用いられる多価アルコールは、上述の付加体、未反応のロジン類、未反応のα,β-不飽和カルボン酸またはその無水物、上述の架橋体、脂肪酸、および後述の芳香族カルボン酸と反応してエステルを形成する。例えば、樹脂中に多くのカルボキシル基が残存していると、水有りの印刷ではインキが乳化しやすくなる傾向にある。
なお、樹脂原料に存在するカルボキシル基としては、ロジン類に由来するカルボキシル基、α,β-不飽和カルボン酸またはその無水物に由来するカルボキシル基、脂肪酸に由来するカルボキシル基、および後述の芳香族カルボン酸に由来するカルボキシル基が挙げられる。
本発明において、樹脂原料には、必要に応じて芳香族カルボン酸がさらに含まれていてもよい。一般に、オフセット印刷インキ用樹脂は、インキの製造の際に使用される溶剤などへの溶解性が高いと、流動性が良好で、かつ印刷物に良好な光沢を付与する。しかし、印刷時に溶剤離脱が遅く、インキの乾燥性が悪くなる。芳香族カルボン酸を用いることによって、インキの製造の際に使用される溶剤などへの溶解性を調整したり、また樹脂の分子量を調整したりすることができる。
特に、芳香族モノカルボン酸は、インキの製造の際に使用される溶剤などへの溶解性の調整に用いられ、芳香族ジカルボン酸や芳香族多価カルボン酸は、樹脂の分子量調整に用いられる。
本発明に係るオフセット印刷インキ用樹脂の原料には、さらに本発明の効果を阻害しない範囲で他の成分を添加してもよい。他の成分としては、例えば、石油樹脂などが挙げられる。
本発明に係るオフセット印刷インキ用樹脂の製造方法は特に限定されない。本発明に係るオフセット印刷インキ用樹脂は、脂肪酸を用いる場合、例えば、以下の第1工程および第2工程によって得られる。
第1工程:脂肪酸と、ロジン類、α,β-不飽和カルボン酸またはその無水物、および前記ロジン類と前記α,β-不飽和カルボン酸またはその無水物とからなる付加体からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種とを、金属化合物に由来する金属イオンを介して架橋させた架橋体を形成させる工程。
第2工程:前記ロジン類、前記α,β-不飽和カルボン酸またはその無水物、前記付加体、前記架橋体、および脂肪酸からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種と、多価アルコールとをエステル化反応に供し、エステルを形成させる工程。
また、第2工程では、第1工程における架橋反応の完結後、または架橋反応と並行して、脂肪酸、上記の付加体、上記の架橋体、未反応のロジン類、および未反応のα,β-不飽和カルボン酸またはその無水物からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種と多価アルコールとが反応して、エステルが形成される。付加体は、分子内に2以上のカルボキシル基を有するため、多価アルコールと反応してエステルを形成し、高分子量化された樹脂(ロジン変性ポリエステル系樹脂)が得られる。なお、架橋体は、分子内にカルボキシル基を有するものが、多価アルコールと反応してエステル化される。
A工程:ロジン類、α,β-不飽和カルボン酸またはその無水物、および前記ロジン類と前記α,β-不飽和カルボン酸またはその無水物とからなる付加体からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種が、金属化合物に由来する金属イオンを介して架橋させた架橋体を形成させる工程。
B工程:前記ロジン類、前記α,β-不飽和カルボン酸またはその無水物、前記ロジン類と前記α,β-不飽和カルボン酸またはその無水物とからなる付加体、および前記架橋体からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種と、多価アルコールとをエステル化反応に供し、エステルを形成させる工程。
C工程:前記B工程で得られたエステルと油脂とをエステル交換反応に供し、前記油脂中のアルキル基を前記エステルに導入する工程。
B工程では、A工程における架橋反応の完結後、または架橋反応と並行して、上記の付加体、上記の架橋体、未反応のロジン類、および未反応のα,β-不飽和カルボン酸またはその無水物からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種と多価アルコールとが反応して、エステルが形成される。付加体は、分子内に2以上のカルボキシル基を有するため、多価アルコールと反応してエステルを形成し、高分子量化された樹脂(ロジン変性ポリエステル系樹脂)が得られる。上記のように、架橋体は、分子内にカルボキシル基を有するものが、多価アルコールと反応してエステル化される。
次に、本発明に係るオフセット印刷インキ用樹脂を用いたオフセット印刷インキについて説明する。本発明に係るオフセット印刷インキ用樹脂は、ワニスを調製するために、一般に、乾性油または半乾性油(例えば、アマニ油、桐油、大豆油、大豆白絞油など)および溶剤(例えば、脂肪族炭化水素溶剤など)とともに混合される。
得られたワニスに、所望の色の顔料(黒色顔料、青色顔料、赤色顔料など)を分散させて、オフセット印刷インキが調製される。
樹脂原料全体を100質量%とした場合に、ロジンとしてガムロジンを38質量%、脂肪酸として大豆油脂肪酸を36.8質量%の割合となるように、反応容器に仕込み、窒素ガスを吹き込みながら200℃まで昇温して、これらを溶解させた。溶解後、α,β-不飽和カルボン酸またはその無水物として無水マレイン酸を7.6質量%、金属化合物として酸化亜鉛を2.8質量%の割合となるように添加して、1時間反応させた。次に、多価アルコールとしてペンタエリスリトールを14.8質量%の割合で添加し、270℃まで昇温して約7時間反応させ、オフセット印刷インキ用樹脂を得た。
得られた樹脂には、金属化合物が、脂肪酸100質量部に対して金属換算で約6.3質量部の割合で含有されている。また、樹脂原料に存在するカルボキシル基1当量に対して、多価アルコール(ペンタエリスリトール)は1.1当量となるように含有されている。
得られたワニスを70質量%および藍顔料を19質量%の割合となるように混合し、三本ロールミル((株)井上製作所製、S-4 3/4×11)を用いて藍顔料をワニスに分散させた。次に、25℃におけるタックを6~7に調整するために、ワニスを4質量%およびAF7を7質量%の割合で添加して、オフセット印刷インキを得た。
表1に示す成分を表1に示す割合で用いた以外は、実施例1と同様の手順で、それぞれオフセット印刷インキ用樹脂を得た。実施例2~8および比較例1~5において、樹脂原料に存在するカルボキシル基1当量に対して、多価アルコールは、1.0~1.3当量となるように含有されている。
それぞれ得られたワニスを用い、表2に示す割合でワニス、AF7および藍顔料を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様の手順で、それぞれオフセット印刷インキを得た。表2中のワニスの含有量は、合計量を記載しており、藍顔料の分散の際に70質量%用い、残りをタックの調整の際に用いた。
オフセット印刷インキ用樹脂として、従来のロジン変性フェノール樹脂(ハリマ化成(株)製、ハリフェノールP-600)を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様の手順でワニスを調製し、表2に示す割合でワニス、AFおよび藍顔料を用いてオフセット印刷インキを得た。なお、ハリフェノールP-600は、ロジンのペンタエリスリトールエステルとフェノールホルムアルデヒド初期縮合物とを反応させて得られる樹脂である。
0.2mLのオフセット印刷インキをRIテスター(石川島産業機械(株)製、RI-2)2分割ロールでコート紙(三菱製紙(株)製、パールコート)に展色した。展色してから24時間後のインクの光沢を、60°-60°光沢計(太佑機材(株)製、マイクロトリグロス)で測定した。測定した値が50以上の場合、光沢性を有すると評価した。
0.2mLのオフセット印刷インキをRIテスター2分割ロールでコート紙(三菱製紙(株)社製、パールコート)に展色した。ヒートガン((株)石崎電機製作所社製、プラジェットPJ-208A)の吹き出し口の先端を印刷物から30cmの位置に取り付け、熱風を印刷物にあて、印刷面を指で触り粘着性を確認した。指が粘着性を感じなくなるまでの時間を測定し、下記の基準で5段階評価を行った。通常、この評価で3以上の評価であれば使用可能レベルとされる。
5:2分以内で乾燥性が非常に良好な場合
4:3分以内で乾燥性が良好な場合
3:5分以内で乾燥性が一般的な場合
2:7分以内で乾燥性が遅い場合
1:7分以上で乾燥性が著しく遅い場合
2カップ(360mL)のオフセット印刷インキをインコメータ(東洋精機(株)製)に載せて、2000rpmで2分間回転させた。ロール前面と下面とに置いた白紙上へのインキの飛散状態を目視で観察し、以下の5段階で評価した。3以上の場合に優れた耐ミスチング性を有すると評価した。
5:全く飛散していない場合
4:僅かに飛散している場合
3:飛散しているが使用可能な場合
2:飛散が多い場合
1:飛散が著しく激しい場合
リソトロニック乳化試験機(Novocontrol社製)を用い、40℃において25gのオフセット印刷インキに2g/分の割合で水を添加していき、乳化させた。乳化試験機の回転数は1200rpmとした。インキが水を取り込めなくなり(乳化しなくなり)、インキと水とが分離し始めた際の水分量(g)を測定した。得られた水分量を25で除し、百分率で示した値を最大乳化量とした。最大乳化量が50~100%の場合、許容範囲といえる。
樹脂原料全体を100質量%とした場合に、ガムロジンを41.0質量%、大豆油を38.0質量%の割合で、反応容器に仕込み、窒素ガスを吹き込みながら200℃まで昇温して、これらを溶解させた。溶解後、無水マレイン酸を7.6質量%、酸化亜鉛を2.8質量%の割合で添加して、2時間反応させた。次に、多価アルコールとしてペンタエリスリトールを10.6質量%の割合で添加し、270℃まで昇温して約7時間反応させ、オフセット印刷インキ用樹脂を得た。
得られた樹脂には、金属化合物が、油脂100質量部に対して金属換算で約6.1質量部の割合で含有されている。また、樹脂原料に存在するカルボキシル基1当量に対して、多価アルコール(ペンタエリスリトール)は1.1当量となるように含有されている。
得られたワニスを70質量%および藍顔料を19質量%の割合となるように混合し、上記三本ロールミルを用いて藍顔料をワニスに分散させた。次に、25℃におけるタックを6~7に調整するために、ワニスを4質量%およびAF7を7質量%の割合で添加して、オフセット印刷インキを得た。
表3に示す成分を表3に示す割合で用いた以外は、実施例9と同様の手順で、それぞれオフセット印刷インキ用樹脂を得た。なお、比較例6は、上記の比較例1と同じである。実施例10~16および比較例6~10において、樹脂原料に存在するカルボキシル基1当量に対して、多価アルコールは、1.0~1.2当量となるように含有されている。
次に、それぞれ得られたオフセット印刷インキ用樹脂を用いた以外は、実施例9と同様の手順でワニスを得た。比較例6の樹脂は、比較例1と同様に、AF7に対する溶解性が低すぎるため、比較例6の樹脂では白濁してワニスを得ることができなかった。それぞれ得られたワニスを用い、表4に示す割合でワニス、AFおよび藍顔料を用いた以外は、実施例9と同様の手順で、それぞれオフセット印刷インキを得た。表4中のワニスの含有量は、合計量を記載しており、藍顔料の分散の際に70質量%用い、残りをタックの調整の際に用いた。
Claims (12)
- ロジン類と、α,β-不飽和カルボン酸またはその無水物と、金属化合物と、脂肪酸または油脂と、多価アルコールとを含む樹脂原料を反応させて得られる樹脂を含有するオフセット印刷インキ用樹脂であって、
前記脂肪酸または前記油脂を、前記樹脂原料の総量に対して10~50質量%含有し、かつ前記金属化合物を、該金属化合物の金属量換算で前記樹脂原料の総量に対して0.5~5質量%含有する、ことを特徴とするオフセット印刷インキ用樹脂。 - 前記脂肪酸は、12個以上の炭素原子を有する脂肪酸を主成分とする、請求項1に記載のオフセット印刷インキ用樹脂。
- 前記脂肪酸と、
前記ロジン類、前記α,β-不飽和カルボン酸またはその無水物、および前記ロジン類と前記α,β-不飽和カルボン酸またはその無水物とからなる付加体からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種とが、
前記金属化合物に由来する金属イオンを介して架橋された架橋体を含む、請求項1または2に記載のオフセット印刷インキ用樹脂。 - 前記架橋体は、前記脂肪酸に存在するカルボキシル基と、
前記ロジン類、前記α,β-不飽和カルボン酸またはその無水物、および前記ロジン類と前記α,β-不飽和カルボン酸またはその無水物とからなる付加体からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種に存在するカルボキシル基とが、
前記金属化合物に由来する金属イオンを介して形成されている、請求項3に記載のオフセット印刷インキ用樹脂。 - 前記油脂は、脂肪酸とグリセリンとのトリグリセライドであり、少なくとも1つの脂肪酸が12個以上の炭素原子を有している、請求項1に記載のオフセット印刷インキ用樹脂。
- 前記ロジン類、前記α,β-不飽和カルボン酸またはその無水物、および前記ロジン類と前記α,β-不飽和カルボン酸またはその無水物とからなる付加体からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種が、
前記金属化合物に由来する金属イオンを介して架橋された架橋体を含む、請求項1または5に記載のオフセット印刷インキ用樹脂。 - 前記架橋体は、前記ロジン類、前記α,β-不飽和カルボン酸またはその無水物、および前記ロジン類と前記α,β-不飽和カルボン酸またはその無水物とからなる付加体からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種に存在するカルボキシル基が、
前記金属化合物に由来する金属イオンを介して形成されている、請求項6に記載のオフセット印刷インキ用樹脂。 - 前記樹脂原料が、芳香族カルボン酸をさらに含有する、請求項1~7のいずれかに記載のオフセット印刷インキ用樹脂。
- 前記金属化合物が、2価以上の金属化合物を含む、請求項1~8のいずれかに記載のオフセット印刷インキ用樹脂。
- 脂肪酸と、ロジン類、α,β-不飽和カルボン酸またはその無水物、および前記ロジン類と前記α,β-不飽和カルボン酸またはその無水物とからなる付加体からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種とを、金属化合物に由来する金属イオンを介して架橋させた架橋体を形成させる第1工程;ならびに
前記ロジン類、前記α,β-不飽和カルボン酸またはその無水物、前記付加体、前記架橋体、および前記脂肪酸からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種と、多価アルコールとをエステル化反応に供し、エステルを形成させる第2工程を含み、
前記ロジン類、前記α,β-不飽和カルボン酸またはその無水物、前記金属化合物、前記脂肪酸、および前記多価アルコールを含む樹脂原料の合計量に対して、前記脂肪酸の割合が10~50質量%であり、かつ前記金属化合物の割合が、該金属化合物の金属量換算で0.5~5質量%であることを特徴とする、オフセット印刷インキ用樹脂の製造方法。 - ロジン類、α,β-不飽和カルボン酸またはその無水物、および前記ロジン類と前記α,β-不飽和カルボン酸またはその無水物とからなる付加体からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種が、金属化合物に由来する金属イオンを介して架橋させた架橋体を形成させるA工程;
前記ロジン類、前記α,β-不飽和カルボン酸またはその無水物、前記付加体、および前記架橋体からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種と、多価アルコールとをエステル化反応に供し、エステルを形成させるB工程;ならびに
前記B工程で得られたエステルと油脂とをエステル交換反応に供し、前記油脂中のアルキル基を前記エステルに導入するC工程を含み、
前記ロジン類、前記α,β-不飽和カルボン酸またはその無水物、前記金属化合物、前記油脂、および前記多価アルコールを含む樹脂原料の合計量に対して、前記脂肪酸の割合が10~50質量%であり、かつ前記金属化合物の割合が、該金属化合物の金属量換算で0.5~5質量%であることを特徴とする、オフセット印刷インキ用樹脂の製造方法。 - 請求項1~9のいずれかに記載のオフセット印刷インキ用樹脂、乾性油または半乾性油、溶剤、および顔料を含有する、オフセット印刷用インキ。
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