WO2013054435A1 - 電気自動車用の充電装置 - Google Patents
電気自動車用の充電装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013054435A1 WO2013054435A1 PCT/JP2011/073643 JP2011073643W WO2013054435A1 WO 2013054435 A1 WO2013054435 A1 WO 2013054435A1 JP 2011073643 W JP2011073643 W JP 2011073643W WO 2013054435 A1 WO2013054435 A1 WO 2013054435A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
- B60L53/62—Monitoring or controlling charging stations in response to charging parameters, e.g. current, voltage or electrical charge
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from AC mains by converters
- H02J7/04—Regulation of charging current or voltage
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/547—Voltage
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/80—Time limits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
- H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
- H02J2310/48—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a technology for charging an in-vehicle battery using an external power source.
- the present invention relates to a device for charging a high-output large-capacity battery for a wheel drive motor.
- the “electric vehicle” in this specification includes a hybrid vehicle including a wheel driving motor and an engine.
- the “electric vehicle” includes a fuel cell vehicle.
- the in-vehicle battery charging device may include a timer.
- the user connects the electric vehicle to an external power source and sets a timer. When the set time arrives, the charging device is activated.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for reducing noise noise of a cooling fan or a water pump during charging, paying attention to the fact that charging may be performed at night.
- This specification provides another improved technique related to a charging device having a timer.
- the user sets the charging end time using a timer.
- the charging device needs to calculate the charging start time from the charging end time.
- the charging start time can be determined from the known suppliable power and the charging end time.
- the sales area of the charging device is wide, and the suppliable power of commercial power (external power source) may vary depending on the area. That is, the charging device may not be able to specify the power that can be supplied in advance. If the suppliable power is unknown, the charging device cannot determine the charging start time.
- the present specification provides a charging device and a charging method that can acquire suppliable power from an external power source, determine a charging start time, and finish charging by a charging end time set by a timer.
- the charging device normally includes an ACDC converter that converts AC power supplied from an external power source into DC power, an AC relay that connects or disconnects the external power source and the ACDC converter, and an ACDC converter and battery that are connected.
- a DC relay to be disconnected (DC relay), a timer, and a controller are provided.
- the “AC relay” and the “DC relay” are not structurally different. In this specification, the terms “AC relay” and “DC relay” are used to distinguish two relays.
- the timer is used for setting the charging end time as described above.
- the controller controls the AC relay and the DC relay based on the timer setting. Both the AC relay and DC relay are initially open. In other words, the external power supply and the ACDC converter are not connected before the start of charging. Neither the ACDC converter nor the battery is connected.
- the controller closes the AC relay and measures the supply voltage of the external power supply, thereby specifying the suppliable power of the external power supply.
- the controller determines the charging start time from the specified suppliable power and the charging end time. If the charging start time is later than the current time, the controller sets a self-timer to restart at the charging start time and shifts to the sleep mode. Then, the controller restarts at the determined charging start time, closes the AC relay and the DC relay, and starts charging.
- the charging device can know the output voltage of the external power supply.
- the current capacity that can be supplied by the external power supply can be known, for example, using a pilot signal defined in J1772 (standard for charging interface of electric vehicle) of SAE (Society of Automotive Engineers).
- J1772 defines a device called EVSE (Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment) connected between an external power source and a charging device (ACDC converter).
- the EVSE is a device that includes a signal output that tells a vehicle a current capacity that can be supplied by an external power source, and an interlock mechanism that stops power supply when the vehicle leaves.
- SAE-J1772 defines a communication protocol between EVSE and an electric vehicle (charging device), and one of communication lines includes a signal called a pilot signal.
- the pilot signal conveys a current capacity that can be supplied from the external power source from the EVSE to the charging device.
- the pilot signal indicates a current capacity that can be supplied by the external power supply.
- the communication line for transmitting the pilot signal is defined such that bidirectional communication is possible, and it is possible to instruct the EVSE to start power supply from the charging device side. In that sense, the pilot signal line is called a control pilot line. Multiplying the output voltage of the external power supply by the suppliable current capacity corresponds to the suppliable power of the external power supply.
- SAE-J1772 defines a device called CCID (Charging Circuit Interrupt Device), and the device includes an AC relay that disconnects an external power source and a charging device (ACDC converter).
- CCID AC relay is a typical AC relay that the charging device disclosed in this specification should have.
- the charging device disclosed in this specification further has the following advantages. As described above, two relays (an AC relay and a DC relay) are connected between the external power supply and the battery. The charging device described above does not close the DC relay until charging is actually started. The charging device disclosed in the present specification does not impair the durability of the DC relay because the number of switching times of the DC relay is small.
- the closed circuit voltage (CCV) of the battery cannot be measured unless the DC relay is closed. Therefore, the controller measures the open circuit voltage (Open Circuit Voltage: OCV) before starting charging (without closing the DC relay), and if the open circuit voltage is higher than a predetermined voltage threshold, that is, the battery When the SOC (State Of Charge) is sufficiently high, the charging process may be completed without closing the DC relay. By reducing the number of times the DC relay is closed, the durability of the DC relay is not reduced.
- OCV Open Circuit Voltage
- This specification also provides a new charging method.
- the method includes the following three steps. (1) a step of specifying the suppliable power of the external AC power supply; (2) a step of determining a charging start time from the charging end time set by the user and the specified suppliable power; (3) at the charging start time; Closing the relay connecting the battery to the AC / DC converter for converting the external AC power source to DC.
- Such a method also makes it possible to end the charging by the charging end time set by the timer.
- the charging device disclosed in this specification or an electric vehicle equipped with a part of the charging device is also one aspect of the novel technology disclosed in this specification.
- FIG. 1 the schematic diagram of the charging system of the electric vehicle 100 is shown.
- FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of the charging system.
- the charging system means a device group that regulates the flow of power from the external power source to the battery.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 show only devices necessary for explaining the present invention, and do not show all devices included in the electric vehicle.
- the electric vehicle 100 is a one-motor electric vehicle that is driven by the motor 3.
- the electric vehicle 100 includes a battery 4 having a high output and a large capacity.
- the inverter 2 converts the DC power of the battery 4 into AC power and supplies the AC power to the motor 3.
- the battery 4 can be charged by regenerative power using the deceleration energy of the vehicle, but can also be charged from an external power source (commercial power source 93).
- the commercial power supply 93 supplies, for example, 100 volt AC power.
- Charging from the external power supply is performed via EVSE8.
- the EVSE 8 obtains electric power from the external power supply 93 by inserting a plug 91 into a power outlet 92 provided in the house.
- a cable 7 extends from the EVSE 8 and a charging plug 6 is attached to the tip.
- Charging plug 6 is inserted into connector 5 of vehicle 100, and electric power is supplied to vehicle 100 from external power supply 93 via EVSE 8.
- the electric vehicle 100 includes a charging device 10 that converts AC power supplied from an external power source 93 into DC power and outputs the DC power to the battery 4.
- a timer 9 console is provided.
- the user can input the charging end time using the console.
- the main circuit of the timer 9 is mounted on the charging device 10.
- the charging device 10 operates so that charging is completed by the set charging end time. The charging process will be described in detail later.
- the EVSE 8 includes a leakage detector 8a, an AC relay 8b, and a control circuit 8c.
- the AC relay 8b is a switch that electrically connects or disconnects the external power supply 93 and the vehicle 100.
- the AC relay 8b is initially opened. That is, the external power supply 93 and the EVSE 8 are initially electrically disconnected.
- the AC relay 8b is controlled by the control circuit 8c.
- leakage detector 8a detects a leakage
- control circuit 8c opens AC relay 8b, that is, disconnects vehicle 100 from external power supply 93.
- the control circuit 8 c sends a pilot signal to the vehicle charging device 10 via the cable 7.
- the EVSE 8 including the AC relay 8b also functions as CCID (Charging Circuit Interrupt Device).
- the remaining two cables 7 are wires for supplying power.
- the charging device 10 that receives power from the EVSE 8 includes an ACDC converter 13 and a rectifier circuit 17.
- the AC power supplied from the EVSE 8 is converted into DC power by the ACDC converter 13.
- the ACDC converter 13 converts the input commercial 100V AC power into a DC 300 [V] that is the rated voltage of the battery 4.
- the output current of the ACDC converter 13 is adjusted by the rectifier circuit 17 and supplied to the battery 4.
- a first voltage sensor 12 that measures AC voltage is provided on the input side of the ACDC converter 13, and a second voltage sensor 15 that measures DC voltage is provided on the output side of the ACDC converter 13.
- Capacitors 14 and 16 for current smoothing are connected to the input side and the output side of the rectifier circuit 17, respectively.
- the sensor data of the voltage sensors 12 and 15 is sent to the charge controller 18.
- the charge controller 18 controls the ACDC converter 13 and the rectifier circuit 17 based on the sensor data of the voltage sensor and the state of the CPLT signal.
- the ACDC converter 13 includes a large number of switching circuits, and the charge controller 18 gives a switching command (PWM signal) to the switching circuits. In other words, the charge controller 18 can switch the operation and stop of the ACDC converter 13.
- the charge controller 18 can also give a command to the EVSE 8 via the CPLT line (described later).
- the charge controller 18 controls the DC relay 31 of the vehicle, and stores the state of charge (SOC: State Of Charge) and the result in the nonvolatile memory 19.
- the DC relay 31 is a switch that connects or disconnects the battery 4 to / from the vehicle drive system.
- the DC relay 31 is sometimes called a system main relay.
- the third voltage sensor 23 is connected to the battery 4.
- the third voltage sensor 23 is connected to the battery 4 regardless of the DC relay 31 and measures the open circuit voltage (OCV: Open Circuit Voltage) of the battery 4.
- OCV Open Circuit Voltage
- the open circuit voltage of the battery 4 measured by the third voltage sensor 23 is transmitted to the charge controller 18.
- the battery 4 is also connected to the inverter 2 via a DC relay 31.
- the inverter 2 includes a booster circuit 2a and an inverter circuit 2b, and the motor controller 2c gives a command (PWM signal) to a switching circuit included in these devices.
- the character string “C-CNLT” in FIG. 2 represents “charge controller”, and the character string “M-CNLT” represents “motor controller”.
- the EVSE 8 (control circuit 8c) raises the potential of the CPLT line to the voltage V3 [V] (typically 12V).
- the charging device 10 (charge controller 18) monitors the potential of the CPLT line, detects that the potential has increased to the voltage V3 [V], and knows that power can be supplied from the EVSE 8.
- the potential of the CPLT line also functions as a message (command) from the charge controller 18 to the EVSE 8.
- the charge controller 18 lowers the potential of the CPLT line to a voltage V2 [V] (typically 9 [V]) in order to know the value of the current capacity that can be received.
- the EVSE 8 (control circuit 8c) detects that the potential of the CPLT line has dropped to the voltage V2 [V]
- the EVSE 8 (control circuit 8c) checks the voltage and current of the external power supply 93 to identify the suppliable current capacity and transmits it to the charge controller 18. .
- the EVSE 8 outputs a pulse signal to the CPLT line.
- the duty ratio of the pulse signal represents the supplyable current capacity.
- the charging device 10 monitors the pulse signal of the CPLT line and knows the current capacity that can be supplied.
- the charging device 10 closes the DC relay 31 (that is, connects the charging device 10 and the battery 4), and sets the potential of the CPLT line to the voltage V1 [V] (typically 6 [V]. ]). Lowering the potential of the CPLT line to the voltage V1 [V] means instructing EVSE 8 to start feeding.
- the EVSE 8 detects that the potential of the CPLT line has dropped to the voltage V3 [V]
- the EVSE 8 closes the AC relay 8b.
- the external power supply 93 and the charging apparatus 10 are electrically connected, and power feeding starts.
- the protocol relating to the pilot signal is defined in SEA-J1772, so refer to that for details.
- FIG. 3 shows a flowchart of the charging process.
- the charge controller 18 starts the process of FIG. 3 when the start switch provided on the console of the timer 9 is pressed.
- the connection of the charging plug 6 of the EVSE 8 to the vehicle-side connector 5 may function as a trigger for starting charging. That is, when the charging plug 6 is connected to the vehicle-side connector 5, the process of FIG.
- the charge controller 18 first checks whether an end time is set (S2). When the end time is set by the timer 9 (S2: YES), the charge controller 18 lowers the potential of the CPLT line to the voltage V2, and acquires the suppliable current capacity of the external power source 93 via the EVSE 8 (S3). . Next, the charge controller 18 drops the potential of the CPTL line to the voltage V3, and instructs the EVSE 8 to close the AC relay 8b (S4). When AC relay 8b is closed, external power supply 93 and charging device 10 are electrically connected. The charge controller 18 measures the output voltage of the external power supply 93 by the first voltage sensor 12 (S5). The charge controller 18 specifies the suppliable power from the suppliable current capacity of the external power supply 93 and the output voltage.
- the charge controller 18 measures the open circuit voltage of the battery 4 using the third voltage sensor 23.
- the charge controller 18 estimates the remaining capacity SOC (State Of Charge) of the battery 4 from the open circuit voltage (S6).
- the charge controller 18 calculates the time (charge time) required to fully charge the battery 4 from the power that can be supplied from the external power supply 93 and the SOC (S7).
- the charging time is calculated by [suppliable power (Wh: watt hour)] / [free capacity of battery 4 (W: watt)].
- [free capacity of battery 4 (W: watt)] is obtained by [full charge capacity of battery 4 (W: watt)] ⁇ (100 ⁇ SOC) ⁇ 0.01.
- the charging controller 18 determines the charging start time from the charging end time and charging time set in the timer (S8). If the charge start time has not passed the current time (S9: NO), the charge controller 18 opens the AC relay 8b (S10), sets a self-timer to restart at the charge start time, and sleeps. The mode is changed (S12).
- the sleep mode is the same as the “sleep mode” of the personal computer, and is a mode in which only the self-timer routine is left and other functions are stopped.
- the charge controller 18 executes the processing after step S22. In addition, the charge controller 18 starts from the process of step S22, when restarting from sleep mode.
- the charge controller 18 acquires the open circuit voltage of the battery 4 using the third voltage sensor 23.
- the charge controller 18 ends the process without closing the DC relay 31 ( SS22: YES, S26, S27).
- the case where the open circuit voltage is higher than a predetermined threshold voltage means that the SOC of the battery 4 is sufficient. That is, when the charge controller 18 determines that the SOC of the battery 4 is high and charging is not necessary, the charging controller 18 ends the charging process without closing the DC relay 31 even once.
- the rated threshold voltage of the battery 4 is typically set as the voltage threshold. Generally, when the battery 4 is fully charged, its output voltage is slightly higher than the rated output voltage.
- the charge controller 18 When the open circuit voltage of the battery 4 is lower than the voltage threshold (S22: NO), the charge controller 18 lowers the potential of the CPLT line to the voltage V3 and closes the AC relay 8b. In addition, the charge controller 18 also closes the DC relay 31 (S23). Next, the charge controller 18 gives a PWM signal to the switching circuit of the ACDC converter 13 and starts charging (S24).
- the charge controller 18 continues charging until the SOC of the battery 4 exceeds a predetermined threshold (S25: NO). In other words, the charge controller 18 charges the battery 4 until full charge is reached.
- a predetermined threshold S25: NO
- the charge controller 18 closes the AC relay 8b and the DC relay 31 (S26), and ends the charging process (S27).
- the charge controller 18 determines the SOC based on the closed circuit voltage (CCV: ClosedVCircuit Voltage) of the battery 4.
- charging device 10 When the end time is set by the timer, charging device 10 specifies the power that can be supplied from external power supply 93 and determines the charging start time. Therefore, even if the charging device 10 is used in an area where the suppliable power of the external power supply 93 is unknown, the charging device 10 can start charging so that the charging is surely ended at the scheduled end time.
- the charging device 10 does not operate the DC relay 31 until charging is started.
- the DC relay 31 is an important part for the electric vehicle 100.
- the charging device 10 has a small number of times of operating the system main relay, and does not impair the durability of the system main relay.
- the charge controller 18 of an Example acquired SOC of the battery 4, and calculated charge time (FIG. 3, step S6, S7).
- the charge controller may determine a charge start time from a predetermined expected charge capacity, power that can be supplied from external power, and a timer setting time.
- the predetermined expected charge capacity typically corresponds to 100% charge capacity.
- the charging time corresponds to the time required to charge the SOC from 0% to 100%.
- the vehicle in the example was an electric vehicle having one motor.
- the technology disclosed in this specification can also be applied to a so-called plug-in hybrid vehicle including both a wheel driving motor and an engine.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (6)
- 外部電源が供給する電力で車載のバッテリを充電する充電装置であり、
外部の電源が供給する交流電力を直流電力に変換するACDCコンバータと、
ACDCコンバータを外部の電源に接続したり切断する交流リレーと、
ACDCコンバータをバッテリに接続したり切断する直流リレーと、
充電終了時刻を設定するためのタイマと、
タイマの設定に基づいて交流リレーと直流リレーを制御するコントローラと、
を備えており、
コントローラは、
充電終了時刻が設定された後、交流リレーを閉じて外部電源の供給可能電力を特定し、
特定された供給可能電力と充電終了時刻とから充電開始時刻を決定し、
決定された充電開始時刻に交流リレーと直流リレーを閉じて充電を開始する、
ことを特徴とする電気自動車用の充電装置。 - コントローラは、
充電開始前にバッテリの開路電圧を計測し、
開路電圧が予め定められた電圧閾値よりも高い場合は、直流リレーを閉じることなく充電処理を終了する、
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の充電装置。 - コントローラは、特定された供給可能電力とタイマの設定時刻とバッテリの残量から充電開始時刻を決定することを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の充電装置。
- コントローラは、特定された供給可能電力と充電終了時刻と予め定められた見込み充電容量から充電開始時刻を決定することを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の充電装置。
- 請求項1から4のいずれか1項の充電装置を備えた電気自動車。
- 外部交流電源の供給可能電力を特定するステップと、
ユーザが設定した充電終了時刻と、特定された供給可能電力から充電開始時刻を決定するステップと、
充電開始時刻に、外部交流電源を直流に変換するACDCコンバータとバッテリを繋ぐリレーを閉じるステップと、
を備えることを特徴とする電気自動車の充電方法。
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EP11873959.8A EP2768113A4 (en) | 2011-10-14 | 2011-10-14 | LOADING DEVICE FOR AN ELECTRIC VEHICLE |
PCT/JP2011/073643 WO2013054435A1 (ja) | 2011-10-14 | 2011-10-14 | 電気自動車用の充電装置 |
US14/346,242 US20140239894A1 (en) | 2011-10-14 | 2011-10-14 | Charging device for electric vehicle |
CN201180073539.4A CN103814498A (zh) | 2011-10-14 | 2011-10-14 | 电动汽车用的充电装置 |
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US (1) | US20140239894A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2768113A4 (ja) |
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WO (1) | WO2013054435A1 (ja) |
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JPWO2017009978A1 (ja) * | 2015-07-15 | 2018-03-22 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | V2gシステム及び充放電制御方法 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP2768113A1 (en) | 2014-08-20 |
CN103814498A (zh) | 2014-05-21 |
US20140239894A1 (en) | 2014-08-28 |
EP2768113A4 (en) | 2015-03-04 |
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