WO2013039212A1 - 精製された活性珪酸液及びシリカゾルの製造方法 - Google Patents
精製された活性珪酸液及びシリカゾルの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013039212A1 WO2013039212A1 PCT/JP2012/073651 JP2012073651W WO2013039212A1 WO 2013039212 A1 WO2013039212 A1 WO 2013039212A1 JP 2012073651 W JP2012073651 W JP 2012073651W WO 2013039212 A1 WO2013039212 A1 WO 2013039212A1
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- silicic acid
- acid solution
- active silicic
- filter
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
- C01B33/113—Silicon oxides; Hydrates thereof
- C01B33/12—Silica; Hydrates thereof, e.g. lepidoic silicic acid
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
- C01B33/113—Silicon oxides; Hydrates thereof
- C01B33/12—Silica; Hydrates thereof, e.g. lepidoic silicic acid
- C01B33/14—Colloidal silica, e.g. dispersions, gels, sols
- C01B33/141—Preparation of hydrosols or aqueous dispersions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/14—Anti-slip materials; Abrasives
- C09K3/1454—Abrasive powders, suspensions and pastes for polishing
- C09K3/1463—Aqueous liquid suspensions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
- C01B33/113—Silicon oxides; Hydrates thereof
- C01B33/12—Silica; Hydrates thereof, e.g. lepidoic silicic acid
- C01B33/14—Colloidal silica, e.g. dispersions, gels, sols
- C01B33/141—Preparation of hydrosols or aqueous dispersions
- C01B33/1412—Preparation of hydrosols or aqueous dispersions by oxidation of silicon in basic medium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
- C01B33/113—Silicon oxides; Hydrates thereof
- C01B33/12—Silica; Hydrates thereof, e.g. lepidoic silicic acid
- C01B33/14—Colloidal silica, e.g. dispersions, gels, sols
- C01B33/141—Preparation of hydrosols or aqueous dispersions
- C01B33/142—Preparation of hydrosols or aqueous dispersions by acidic treatment of silicates
- C01B33/143—Preparation of hydrosols or aqueous dispersions by acidic treatment of silicates of aqueous solutions of silicates
- C01B33/1435—Preparation of hydrosols or aqueous dispersions by acidic treatment of silicates of aqueous solutions of silicates using ion exchangers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
- C01B33/113—Silicon oxides; Hydrates thereof
- C01B33/12—Silica; Hydrates thereof, e.g. lepidoic silicic acid
- C01B33/14—Colloidal silica, e.g. dispersions, gels, sols
- C01B33/146—After-treatment of sols
- C01B33/148—Concentration; Drying; Dehydration; Stabilisation; Purification
- C01B33/1485—Stabilisation, e.g. prevention of gelling; Purification
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K13/00—Etching, surface-brightening or pickling compositions
- C09K13/04—Etching, surface-brightening or pickling compositions containing an inorganic acid
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing an active silicic acid solution in which the amount of foreign matters in flat microparticles is reduced, and to a method for producing a silica sol using an active silicic acid solution in which the foreign matter is reduced.
- a surface polishing step is indispensable in the manufacturing process of a magnetic disk substrate, and surface polishing is performed with an abrasive containing colloidal silica.
- abrasives are required not to cause surface defects such as scratches and pits.
- an alkali silicate aqueous solution used as a raw material for a silica sol used as a raw material for an abrasive is purified by adding a filter aid such as diatomaceous earth to a crude alkaline silicate aqueous solution immediately after the raw material cullet is heated and dissolved. ing.
- the viscosity of the aqueous alkali silicate solution is adjusted in advance to 1 mPa ⁇ s to 50 mPa ⁇ s, and this is limited to a molecular weight cut-off of 15000 or less.
- a method of passing through an outer filtration membrane is disclosed (Patent Document 1).
- the miniaturization of wiring is progressing as the circuit is highly integrated and the operating frequency is increased.
- further smoothing of the pattern forming surface is desired.
- colloidal silica and fine particles which are abrasive grains, are removed by washing following the polishing process using an abrasive containing colloidal silica.
- an aqueous solution of acidic or alkaline chemicals is used.
- acidic chemicals include compounds containing fluorine ions such as hydrofluoric acid, ammonium fluoride, ammonium monohydrogen difluoride, borohydrofluoric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, acetic acid, citric acid, malic acid, Acid, perchloric acid, etc. are used.
- alkaline chemicals that can be used include sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, ammonia, and amines.
- surfactants such as sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfate, dioctyl sulfosuccinate, etc.
- chelates such as sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium pyrophosphate, zeolite, sodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, etc.
- an agent or the like is added as a component.
- Colloidal silica used in the above abrasives is spherical or nearly spherical and can be removed by conventional cleaning methods. Recently, however, there are tabular fine particles that cannot be easily removed by conventional cleaning. I know that
- the present inventor confirmed that the tabular microparticles were tabular grains having a side length of 0.2 ⁇ m to 4.0 ⁇ m and a thickness of 1 nm to 100 nm by observation with a scanning electron microscope, and These flat microparticles are believed to be derived from silica sol used as a raw material for the abrasive.
- the method described in Patent Document 1 in which particles having a size of 1 nm or more are not present by ultrafiltration is extremely slow in filtration rate and is not suitable for mass production.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing such a silica sol in which the abundance of tabular fine particles having a side length of 0.2 to 4.0 ⁇ m and a thickness of 1 to 100 nm is reduced. Therefore, for the active silicic acid solution obtained by removing the alkali component of the alkali silicate aqueous solution that is the raw material of the silica sol by cation exchange, a method for reducing the abundance of tabular microparticles contained therein It is an object of the present invention to provide a method particularly suitable for mass production.
- the present inventors have found a method for solving the problem by filtering an active silicic acid solution obtained by removing an alkali component from an alkali silicate aqueous solution by cation exchange under specific conditions.
- an active silicic acid solution is prepared by removing an alkali component from an alkali silicate aqueous solution having a silica concentration adjusted to 0.5 mass% to 10.0 mass% by cation exchange.
- Measurement method A A membrane type filter (filtration area: 4.90 cm 2 ) having a silica concentration of 4% by mass and an absolute pore size of 0.4 ⁇ m that was passed through 30 ml of a liquid to be observed at 25 ° C. was magnified 5000 times with a scanning electron microscope.
- a rectangular observation area having a length of 15 ⁇ m and a width of 20 ⁇ m is defined as one field of view, and when one or more of the above plate-like microparticles are present within the field of view, one field is counted, and the field areas do not overlap each other.
- the method for producing a purified active silicic acid solution according to the first aspect wherein the removal rate is 80% or more
- the filter is at least selected from the group consisting of a membrane type filter, a pleated type filter, a depth type filter, a thread wound type filter, a surface type filter, a roll type filter, a depth type filter, and a diatomaceous earth containing type filter.
- a method for producing a purified active silicic acid solution according to any one of the first to fifth aspects As a seventh aspect, the method for producing a purified active silicic acid solution according to any one of the first aspect to the fifth aspect, wherein the filter is a membrane type filter having an absolute pore diameter of 0.3 ⁇ m to 3.0 ⁇ m, As an eighth aspect, any one of the first to seventh aspects, wherein the alkali component of the alkali silicate aqueous solution is at least one selected from the group consisting of sodium ions, potassium ions, lithium ions, rubidium ions, and cesium ions.
- the method for producing a silica sol according to the ninth aspect wherein the alkaline component of the alkaline aqueous solution is at least one selected from the group consisting of alkali metal ions, ammonium ions, amines and quaternary ammonium ions, It is.
- the length of the one side remaining by the filtration of an aqueous alkali silicate solution and the passing of a cation exchange resin, which has been conventionally performed is 0.2 to 4. It is possible to efficiently remove tabular fine particles having a thickness of 0.0 ⁇ m and a thickness of 1 to 100 nm. For this reason, in the silica sol manufactured using the active silicic acid solution obtained by the present invention, the particles are reduced as compared with the conventional silica sol.
- the method of the present invention not only effectively removes the tabular grains, but also has the same shape as the tabular grains, for example, plate-like grains whose peripheral edges do not have straight sides (the peripheral edges are rounded). Plate-like particles) and plate-like particles that form protrusions on part of the particle surface are also effectively removed.
- the particles effectively removed by the present invention are tabular fine particles having a side length of 0.2 to 4.0 ⁇ m and a thickness of 1 to 100 nm.
- the SiO 2 / M 2 O molar ratio (M represents.
- An alkali metal element) is not limited to, it may be a commercially available alkali silicate solution, typically SiO 2
- the molar ratio of / M 2 O is 2-4.
- the alkali component of the alkali silicate aqueous solution is an alkali metal ion, and is at least one selected from the group consisting of sodium ion, potassium ion, lithium ion, rubidium ion, and cesium ion.
- alkali silicate aqueous solutions of sodium ions, potassium ions, and lithium ions are commercially available and can be obtained at low cost.
- Sodium silicate aqueous solution is the most versatile and can be preferably used.
- the commercially available sodium silicate aqueous solution has a silica concentration of 19% by mass to 38% by mass.
- the active silicic acid in which the abundance of tabular microparticles having a side length of 0.2 to 4.0 ⁇ m and a thickness of 1 to 100 nm measured according to the measuring method A of the present invention is 0% to 30%
- an alkali silicate aqueous solution is adjusted to a silica concentration of 0.5 mass% to 10.0 mass% using water.
- an alkali component of the alkali silicate aqueous solution whose concentration is adjusted is removed by cation exchange to prepare an active silicate solution, and this active silicate solution is a filter having a removal rate of particles having a primary particle diameter of 1.0 ⁇ m of 50% or more. It filters by.
- the active silicic acid solution is an aqueous solution in which silicic acid and a polymer of silicic acid having a particle diameter of less than 3 nm coexist.
- a conventional general method can be adopted.
- a hydrogen cation exchange resin for example, Amberlite (registered trademark) 120B
- an alkali silicate aqueous solution having a silica concentration of 0.5 mass% to 10.0 mass%, preferably 2.0 mass% to 5.0 mass%.
- the silica concentration of the alkali silicate aqueous solution to be ion-exchanged may be selected from the range of 0.1% by mass to 10.0% by mass, but the range in which the stability of the obtained active silicic acid solution is good is the silica concentration of 0.1 It is at least mass%, preferably at least 2.0 mass%, more preferably at least 3.0 mass%, preferably at most 5.0 mass%.
- the removal rate of particles having a primary particle diameter of 1.0 ⁇ m is 50% or more.
- the removal rate is preferably 60% or more, more preferably 70% or more, still more preferably 80% or more, and most preferably 90% or more.
- the removal rate of particles having a primary particle diameter of 1.0 ⁇ m or more is calculated from the number of latex particles before and after filtration when an aqueous dispersion of monodisperse polystyrene latex particles having a diameter of 1.0 ⁇ m is filtered.
- monodisperse polystyrene latex particles having a diameter of 1.0 ⁇ m for example, STANDEX-SC-103-S manufactured by JSR Corporation, standard particles 4009A manufactured by Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc. can be used.
- the material of the filter used in the present invention is polyester, polyethylene, polypropylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, cellulose acetate, cellulose / epoxy resin, glass fiber / acrylic resin, cotton, polysulfone, nylon, polyethersulfone, and At least one selected from the group consisting of polycarbonates is used alone, in combination or in combination.
- a filter when a filter is manufactured using these materials, a filter that is woven with a filter aid such as diatomaceous earth, silica / alumina, or a mixture of zeolite and silica / alumina can be used.
- the filter in which the filter aid is woven is effective for removing colloidal suspended substances, has an effect of adsorbing organic fatty acids and polyphenols which are the cause substances of starch, Fine particles can also be captured efficiently.
- the filter used in the present invention captures solid particles not only on the surface of the filter medium but also inside the filter medium, depending on the manufacturing method, a membrane filter (porous membrane filter), a pleated filter (pleated filter), and a depth filter (not only on the filter medium surface) Filter), roll type filter (roll wound filter), spool type filter (pincushion), surface type filter (type of filter that captures particulate matter mainly on the primary side of the filter, not inside the filter), They are classified into diatomite-containing filters (filters using filter media containing diatomaceous earth), depths filters (pleated filters that capture solid particles not only on the filter media surface but also inside the filter media).
- the production method of the filter used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and any of the above methods can be adopted.
- the membrane type filter is effective for microfiltration, and particularly has an absolute pore size of 0.3 ⁇ m to 3 ⁇ m.
- a membrane filter of 0 ⁇ m can very effectively remove tabular fine particles having a side length of 0.2 to 4.0 ⁇ m and a thickness of 1 to 100 nm.
- these filters use a filter with a removal rate of particles having a primary particle size of 1.0 ⁇ m less than 50% as a pretreatment filter, and then a removal rate of particles having a primary particle size of 1.0 ⁇ m. It is also possible to filter with a filter having a ratio of 50% or more.
- the temperature when the active silicic acid solution is filtered using a filter having a removal rate of particles having a primary particle diameter of 1.0 ⁇ m of 50% or more may be room temperature, and is usually 0 ° C. or more and 50 ° C. or less.
- the filtration rate when the active silicic acid solution is filtered using a filter having a primary particle diameter 1.0 ⁇ m removal rate of 50% or more varies depending on the silica concentration and viscosity of the active silicic acid solution and the filter used. is 13 liters / min to 400 l / min filtration area 1 m 2 per filter used.
- the length of one side contained in the purified active silicic acid solution filtered by a filter having a removal rate of particles having a primary particle size of 1.0 ⁇ m of 50% or more is 0.2 to 4.0 ⁇ m, and the thickness is
- the measuring method A for tabular fine particles of 1 to 100 nm is as follows. [Measurement method A] When a membrane type filter (filtration area: 4.90 cm 2 ) having a silica concentration of 4% by mass and an absolute pore size of 0.4 ⁇ m that has been passed through 30 mL of a liquid to be observed at 25 ° C. is observed with a scanning electron microscope at a magnification of 5000 times.
- a rectangular observation area having a length of 15 ⁇ m and a width of 20 ⁇ m is defined as one field of view, and when one or more of the above-mentioned tabular microparticles are present in the field of view, one field is counted. Whether the count is present or not is determined, and the total number of counts obtained is defined as the abundance (%) of the tabular fine particles.
- a polycarbonate filter can be used.
- a filter having a filtration area of 4.90 cm 2 and a diameter of 25 mm can be used.
- Isopore HTTP-02500 manufactured by Nihon Millipore Corporation can be used.
- the observed liquid is an active silicic acid liquid filtered by a filter having a removal rate of particles having a primary particle diameter of 1.0 ⁇ m of 50% or more.
- the abundance of tabular microparticles having a side length of 0.2 to 4.0 ⁇ m and a thickness of 1 to 100 nm is 0%.
- a purified active silicic acid solution of up to 30% is obtained.
- the present invention also provides a measurement method A obtained by filtration through a filter having a removal rate of particles having a primary particle diameter of 1.0 ⁇ m of 50% or more, and the length of one side is 0.2 to 4.
- the following conditions (2) are characterized in that a purified active silicic acid solution having 0 ⁇ m and a thickness of 1 to 100 nm of tabular fine particles in an amount of 0% to 30% is polymerized in an alkaline aqueous solution:
- Method for producing silica sol satisfying: (2)
- the abundance of particles, which are tabular microparticles having a side length of 0.2 to 4.0 ⁇ m and a thickness of 1 to 100 nm, measured according to measurement method A above, is 0% to 30%. It is.
- the liquid to be observed is the silica sol.
- the active silicic acid solution obtained by the method of the present invention is added to an alkaline aqueous solution and heated to polymerize the active silicic acid. Colloidal silica particles are produced by the polymerization of the active silicic acid to obtain a silica sol.
- the silica concentration of the active silicic acid solution added to the alkaline aqueous solution is in the range of 0.1% by mass to 10.0% by mass, 0.1% by mass or more, preferably 2.0% by mass or more, more preferably 3. It is 0 mass% or more, preferably 5.0 mass% or less.
- the alkaline component of the alkaline aqueous solution is at least one selected from the group consisting of alkali metal ions, ammonium ions, amines and quaternary ammonium ions.
- alkali metal ion examples include sodium ion, potassium ion, lithium ion, rubidium ion, cesium ion and the like, and sodium ion and potassium ion are preferable.
- the amine is preferably a water-soluble amine such as monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, N, N-dimethylethanolamine, N- ( ⁇ -aminomethyl) ethanolamine, N-methylethanolamine, monopropanol.
- water-soluble amine such as monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, N, N-dimethylethanolamine, N- ( ⁇ -aminomethyl) ethanolamine, N-methylethanolamine, monopropanol.
- Examples thereof include amines and morpholines.
- Examples of the quaternary ammonium ion include tetraethanolammonium ion, monomethyltriethanolammonium ion, and tetramethylammonium ion.
- the appropriate amount ratio between the added active silicic acid solution and the alkaline aqueous solution can be described by the ratio between the number of moles of silica in the total amount of the added active silicic acid solution and the number of moles of the alkaline component in the aqueous alkaline solution.
- the ratio of the number / number of moles of alkali component is preferably in the range of 25 to 100.
- the temperature of the alkaline aqueous solution when the active silicic acid is polymerized can be selected in the range of 20 ° C to 300 ° C. If the temperature at the time of polymerization is low, the particle diameter of the resulting colloidal silica particles will be small, and if it is high, the particle diameter of the resulting colloidal silica will be large.
- the particle diameter of the resulting colloidal silica particles varies depending on the polymerization conditions of the active silicic acid, but is in the range of 3 nm to 1000 nm as the primary particle diameter observed with a transmission electron microscope.
- the diluted silica sol containing colloidal silica particles obtained by polymerization of active silicic acid can be concentrated by a conventionally known method such as an evaporation concentration method or an ultrafiltration method.
- the concentration of the silica sol can be usually performed to a silica concentration of about 50% by mass.
- the removal rate of particles having a primary particle size of 1.0 ⁇ m was measured by the following method.
- An aqueous dispersion in which 0.5 ml of monodisperse polystyrene latex particles having a diameter of 1.0 ⁇ m (manufactured by JSR, STADEX SC-103-S) is dispersed in 5000 ml of pure water is prepared, and the particle sensor KS-42C in the liquid (Rion stock)
- the number of particles (a) having a primary particle diameter of 1.0 ⁇ m was measured using In addition, the number of pure water particles (b) used in the aqueous dispersion was measured to obtain a blank 1.
- the aqueous dispersion was filtered with a filter to be used, and the number (c) of particles having a primary particle diameter of 1.0 ⁇ m in the aqueous dispersion after filtration was measured. Moreover, the filter to be used was preliminarily filtered only with pure water, and the number of particles (d) in the filtered pure water was measured to obtain a blank 2.
- Example 1 Commercially available aqueous solution of sodium silicate (No. JIS3, SiO 2 29.3 wt%, Na 2 O9.5% by weight) of pure water was added to dilute 6325g to 1000 g.
- the diluted sodium silicate aqueous solution had physical properties of SiO 2 4.0 mass%, Na 2 O 1.3 mass% and specific gravity 1.038.
- This sodium silicate aqueous solution was passed through an ion exchange column packed with 500 mL of a cation exchange resin (Amberlite (registered trademark) 120B: manufactured by Dow Chemical Co., Ltd.) at a rate of 2500 g / hr to obtain about 7200 g of an active silicic acid solution. .
- a cation exchange resin Amberlite (registered trademark) 120B: manufactured by Dow Chemical Co., Ltd.
- Example 2 As a filter used for filtration, a depth-type filter of polypropylene nonwoven fabric having a nominal pore size of 0.5 ⁇ m (SL-005 manufactured by Loki Techno Co., Ltd .: removal rate of particles having a primary particle size of 1.0 ⁇ m is 90%, filtration area is 0.3 m 2 , filter A total of about 7200 g of an active silicic acid solution containing 4.0% by mass of SiO 2 was filtered in the same manner as in Example 1 except that one was used and the flow rate was 3 liters / minute. As a result of measuring the active silicic acid solution after filtration by the measuring method A, the abundance of the tabular fine particles was 17%.
- Example 3 Commercially available aqueous solution of sodium silicate (No. JIS3, SiO 2 29.3 wt%, Na 2 O9.5% by weight) of pure water was added to dilute 6325g to 1000 g.
- the diluted sodium silicate aqueous solution had physical properties of SiO 2 4.0 mass%, Na 2 O 1.3 mass% and specific gravity 1.038.
- This sodium silicate aqueous solution was passed through an ion exchange column packed with 500 mL of a cation exchange resin (Amberlite (registered trademark) 120B: manufactured by Dow Chemical Co., Ltd.) at a rate of 2500 g / hr to obtain about 7200 g of an active silicic acid solution. .
- a cation exchange resin Amberlite (registered trademark) 120B: manufactured by Dow Chemical Co., Ltd.
- Example 4 To a glass separable flask having a volume of 3 L, 4.55 g of a 32 mass% NaOH aqueous solution and 379 g of pure water were added and heated to 85 ° C. with stirring. After adding 723 g of the filtered active silicic acid solution obtained in Example 1 to the heated aqueous NaOH solution at a rate of 430 g / min, the temperature of the solution was raised to 100 ° C., and the filtration obtained in Example 1 was further performed. The later active silicic acid solution 1879 was added at a rate of 430 g / min. After completion of the addition, stirring was continued for 6 hours while maintaining the liquid temperature at 100 ° C.
- silica sol After heating, the mixture was cooled and concentrated with an ultrafiltration membrane having a molecular weight cut off of 50000 to obtain a silica sol.
- the physical properties of this silica sol were a specific gravity of 1.212, a pH of 10.0, a viscosity of 3.0, a silica concentration of 30.6% by weight, and a primary particle diameter of 10 nm to 40 nm as observed with a transmission electron microscope.
- the obtained silica sol was measured by the measuring method A, the abundance of the tabular fine particles was 1%.
- Comparative Example 1 Commercially available aqueous solution of sodium silicate (No. JIS3, SiO 2 29.3 wt%, Na 2 O9.5% by weight) of pure water was added to dilute 6325g to 1000 g.
- the diluted sodium silicate had physical properties of SiO 2 4.0 mass%, Na 2 O 1.3 mass% and specific gravity 1.038.
- 4000 g of the obtained sodium silicate aqueous solution was passed through an ion exchange tower filled with 500 mL of a cation exchange resin (Amberlite (registered trademark) 120B, manufactured by Dow Chemical Co., Ltd.) at a rate of 2500 g / hr to obtain an active silicic acid solution. It was.
- a cation exchange resin Amberlite (registered trademark) 120B, manufactured by Dow Chemical Co., Ltd.
- the obtained active silicic acid solution was a colorless and transparent liquid having a specific gravity of 1.020, pH of 2.88, and SiO 2 of 3.55% by mass.
- the amount of the tabular microparticles contained in the active silicic acid solution as measured by the measuring method A was 78%.
- a silica sol was produced by the method described in Example 4 except that this active silicic acid solution was used.
- the physical properties of this silica sol were a specific gravity of 1.212, a pH of 9.9, a viscosity of 4.6, a silica concentration of 30.5% by weight, and a primary particle diameter of 10 nm to 40 nm as observed with a transmission electron microscope.
- the obtained silica sol was measured by the measuring method A, the abundance of the tabular fine particles was 80%.
- Comparative Example 2 As a filter used for the filtration of the active silicic acid solution, a depth-type filter of polypropylene nonwoven fabric having a nominal pore size of 20 ⁇ m (SL-200 manufactured by Loki Techno Co., Ltd .: the removal rate of particles having a primary particle size of 1.0 ⁇ m is 20%, and the filtration area is 0.3 m 2. This was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that one filter was used. As a result of measuring the active silicic acid solution after filtration by the measuring method A, the abundance of the tabular fine particles was 70%. A silica sol was produced by the method described in Example 4 except that this active silicic acid solution was used.
- the physical properties of this silica sol were a specific gravity of 1.211, pH of 10.0, a viscosity of 4.0, a silica concentration of 30.4% by weight, and a primary particle diameter of 10 nm to 40 nm as observed with a transmission electron microscope.
- the abundance of the tabular fine particles was 75%.
- Comparative Example 3 The active silicic acid solution obtained by the same method as in Example 1 was filtered using a polysulfone ultrafiltration membrane (filtration area: 45 cm 2 , diameter: 76 mm) having a molecular weight cut off of 10,000. The first average flow of 5 minutes of filtration was 0.5 l / min per filtering area 1 m 2. Further, the filtration rate after 100 minutes from the start of filtration decreased to 0.2 liter / minute per 1 m 2 .
- Silica sol produced using the active silicic acid solution obtained in the present invention as a raw material has few flat microparticles, so in the surface processing of a substrate such as metal, alloy, glass, etc. It can prevent defects such as wiring defects and surface roughness due to foreign matter, and can be used for manufacturing a substrate with high surface accuracy.
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Abstract
Description
研磨剤の原料として用いられるシリカゾルの原料となる珪酸アルカリ水溶液は、従来、原料カレットを加熱溶解した直後の粗珪酸アルカリ水溶液に珪藻土等の濾過助剤を加えて濾過して精製することが行われている。また、1nm以上の大きさの粒子が実質的に存在しない珪酸アルカリ水溶液を得る方法として、珪酸アルカリ水溶液の粘度を予め1mPa・s乃至50mPa・sに調節し、これを分画分子量15000以下の限外濾過膜を通過させる方法が開示されている(特許文献1)。
限外濾過により1nm以上の大きさの粒子が存在しないようにする特許文献1記載の方法は濾過速度が著しく遅く、大量生産には不向きであった。
(1)下記測定方法Aに従い計測された、一辺の長さが0.2乃至4.0μm、厚さが1乃至100nmの平板状の微小粒子の存在量が0%乃至30%。
測定方法A:シリカ濃度4質量%で且つ25℃の被観察液30mlを通過させた絶対孔径0.4μmのメンブレン型フィルター(濾過面積4.90cm2)を走査型電子顕微鏡で5000倍に拡大して観察したとき、縦15μm、横20μmの長方形の観察域を1視野とし、該1視野内において上記平板状の微小粒子が1個以上存在したときを1カウントとし、そして視野域が互いに重ならない100視野の総てについて該カウントの有無を決定し、得られたカウント総数を該平板状の微小粒子の存在量(%)とする方法、
第2観点として、前記除去率が60%以上である第1観点に記載の精製された活性珪酸液の製造方法、
第3観点として、前記除去率が70%以上である第1観点に記載の精製された活性珪酸液の製造方法。
第4観点として、前記除去率が80%以上である第1観点に記載の精製された活性珪酸液の製造方法、
第5観点として、前記除去率が90%以上である第1観点に記載の精製された活性珪酸液の製造方法、
第6観点として、前記フィルターが、メンブレン型フィルター、プリーツ型フィルター、デプス型フィルター、糸巻き型フィルター、サーフェース型フィルター、ロール型フィルター、デプスプリーツ型フィルター、珪藻土含有型フィルターからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種である第1観点乃至第5観点のいずれか一つに記載の精製された活性珪酸液の製造方法、
第7観点として、前記フィルターが、絶対孔径0.3μm乃至3.0μmのメンブレン型フィルターである1観点乃至第5観点のいずれか一つに記載の精製された活性珪酸液の製造方法、
第8観点として、前記珪酸アルカリ水溶液のアルカリ成分が、ナトリウムイオン、カリウムイオン、リチウムイオン、ルビジウムイオン及びセシウムイオンからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種である第1観点乃至第7観点のいずれか一つに記載の精製された活性珪酸液の製造方法、
第9観点として、第1観点乃至第8観点のいずれか一項に記載の精製された活性珪酸液をアルカリ性水溶液中に添加し、加熱して、活性珪酸を重合することを特徴とする、以下の条件(2)を満たすシリカゾルの製造方法:
(2)第1観点に記載の測定方法Aに従い計測された、一辺の長さが0.2乃至4.0μm、厚さが1乃至100nmの平板状の微小粒子の存在量が0%乃至30%、
第10観点として、前記アルカリ性水溶液のアルカリ成分が、アルカリ金属イオン、アンモニウムイオン、アミン及び第4級アンモニウムイオンからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種である第9観点に記載のシリカゾルの製造方法、
である。
本発明により有効に除去される粒子は、一辺の長さが0.2乃至4.0μm、厚さが1乃至100nmの平板状の微小粒子である。
〔測定方法A〕
シリカ濃度4質量%で且つ25℃の被観察液30mLを通過させた絶対孔径0.4μmのメンブレン型フィルター(濾過面積4.90cm2)を走査型電子顕微鏡で5000倍に拡大して観察したとき、縦15μm、横20μmの長方形の観察域を1視野とし、該1視野内において上記平板状の微小粒子が1個以上存在したときを1カウントとし、そして視野域が互いに重ならない100視野の総てについて該カウントの有無を決定し、得られたカウント総数を該平板状の微小粒子の存在量(%)とする。前記メンブレン型フィルターとしては例えばポリカーボネート製のものを使用することができ、例えば濾過面積4.90cm2、直径25mmのものを使用することができる。例えば日本ミリポア(株)社製アイソポアHTTP-02500を使用することができる。
(2)上記の測定方法Aに従い計測された、一辺の長さが0.2乃至4.0μm、厚さが1乃至100nmの平板状の微小粒子である粒子の存在量が0%乃至30%である。この場合、被観察液は前記シリカゾルである。
用いるフィルターについて、1次粒子径1.0μmの粒子の除去率は以降の方法により測定した。直径1.0μmの単分散ポリスチレンラテックス粒子(JSR社製、STADEX SC-103-S)0.5mlを純水5000mlに分散させた水分散液を準備し、液中パーティクルセンサKS-42C(リオン株式会社製)を用いて1次粒子径1.0μmの粒子数(a)を測定した。また、前記水分散液に使用した純水の粒子数(b)を測定し、ブランク1とした。用いるフィルターで前記水分散液を濾過し、濾過後の水分散液中の1次粒子径1.0μmの粒子数(c)を測定した。また、用いるフィルターは純水のみを予め濾過し、濾過した純水中の粒子数(d)を測定し、ブランク2とした。用いるフィルターの1次粒子径1.0μmの除去率は、下記の式(I)から算出した。
式(I)・・・除去率(%)=[1-[(c-d)/(a-b)]]×100
シリカ濃度4質量%で且つ25℃の被観察液30mlを通過させた絶対孔径0.4μmのポリカーボネート製メンブレン型フィルター(日本ミリポア(株)社製アイソポアHTTP-02500、濾過面積4.90cm2、直径25mm)を走査型電子顕微鏡を用いて5000倍に拡大して観察したとき、縦15μm、横20μmの長方形の観察域を1視野とし、該1視野内において一辺の長さが0.2乃至4.0μm、厚さが1乃至100nmの平板状の微小粒子が1個以上存在したときを1カウントとし、そして視野域が互いに重ならない100視野の総てについて該カウントの有無を決定し、得られたカウント総数を該平板状の微小粒子の存在量(%)とした。
市販の珪酸ナトリウム水溶液(JIS3号、SiO229.3質量%、Na2O9.5質量%)1000gに純水6325gを添加して希釈した。希釈した珪酸ナトリウム水溶液はSiO24.0質量%、Na2O1.3質量%、比重1.038の物性であった。この珪酸ナトリウム水溶液を陽イオン交換樹脂(アンバーライト(登録商標)120B:ダウ・ケミカル社製)500mLを充填したイオン交換塔に2500g/時の速度で通液し、活性珪酸液を約7200g得た。得られた活性珪酸液の測定条件Aで測定したときの走査型電子顕微鏡で観察される一辺の長さが0.2μm乃至4.0μm、厚さが1nm乃至100nmの平板状の微小粒子の存在量は73%であった。この活性珪酸液について、グラスファイバーと珪藻土を混抄させたポリプロピレン不織布の公称孔径0.5μmのプリーツ型フィルター(ロキテクノ社製PEH-005:1次粒子径1.0μmの粒子の除去率は99.9%、濾過面積0.2m2、フィルター全長250mm)1本を用いて、流量3リットル/分で濾過を行った。濾過後の活性珪酸液を測定方法Aで測定した結果、前記平板状の微小粒子の存在量は1%であった。
濾過に用いるフィルターとして、ポリプロピレン不織布の公称孔径0.5μmのデプス型フィルター(ロキテクノ社製SL-005:1次粒子径1.0μmの粒子の除去率は90%、濾過面積0.3m2、フィルター全長250mm)1本を用いて、流量3リットル/分とした他は、実施例1と同様にしてSiO24.0質量%の活性珪酸液約7200gの濾過を行った。濾過後の活性珪酸液を測定方法Aで測定した結果、前記平板状の微小粒子の存在量は17%であった。
市販の珪酸ナトリウム水溶液(JIS3号、SiO229.3質量%、Na2O9.5質量%)1000gに純水6325gを添加して希釈した。希釈した珪酸ナトリウム水溶液はSiO24.0質量%、Na2O1.3質量%、比重1.038の物性であった。この珪酸ナトリウム水溶液を陽イオン交換樹脂(アンバーライト(登録商標)120B:ダウ・ケミカル社製)500mLを充填したイオン交換塔に2500g/時の速度で通液し、活性珪酸液を約7200g得た。得られた活性珪酸液の測定条件Aで測定したときの走査型電子顕微鏡で観察される一辺の長さが0.2μm乃至4.0μm、厚さが1nm乃至100nmの平板状の微小粒子の存在量は75%であった。この活性珪酸液について、ポリエーテルスルフォン製の絶対孔径0.45μmのメンブレン型フィルター(ロキテクノ社製CES-005:1次粒子径1.0μmの粒子の除去率は100%、濾過面積0.75m2、フィルター全長250mm)1本を用いて、流量3リットル/分で濾過を行った。濾過後の活性珪酸液を測定方法Aで測定した結果、前記平板状の微小粒子の存在量は4%であった。
容積3Lのガラス製セパラブルフラスコに32質量%NaOH水溶液を4.55gと純水379gを添加し、攪拌しながら85℃に加熱した。この加熱されたNaOH水溶液に実施例1で得られた濾過後の活性珪酸液723gを430g/分の速度で添加した後、液温を100℃まで上げ、更に前記実施例1で得られた濾過後の活性珪酸液1879を430g/分の速度で添加した。添加終了後、液温を100℃に保ちながら6時間攪拌を続けた。加熱終了後、冷却し、分画分子量50000の限外濾過膜にて濃縮してシリカゾルを得た。このシリカゾルの物性は比重1.212、pH10.0、粘度3.0、シリカ濃度30.6重量%、透過型電子顕微鏡観察による一次粒子径は10nm乃至40nmであった。得られたシリカゾルを測定方法Aで測定したところ、前記平板状の微小粒子の存在量は1%であった。
市販の珪酸ナトリウム水溶液(JIS3号、SiO229.3質量%、Na2O9.5質量%)1000gに純水6325gを添加して希釈した。希釈した珪酸ナトリウムはSiO24.0質量%、Na2O1.3質量%、比重1.038の物性であった。得られた珪酸ナトリウム水溶液4000gを陽イオン交換樹脂(アンバーライト(登録商標)120B、ダウ・ケミカル社製)500mLを充填したイオン交換塔に2500g/時の速度で通液し、活性珪酸液を得た。得られた活性珪酸液は比重1.020、pH2.88、SiO23.55質量%で無色透明の液体であった。この活性珪酸液中に含まれる、測定方法Aで測定したときの前記平板状の微小粒子の存在量は78%であった。この活性珪酸液を用いた以外は実施例4に記載の方法でシリカゾルを製造した。このシリカゾルの物性は比重1.212、pH9.9、粘度4.6、シリカ濃度30.5重量%、透過型電子顕微鏡観察による一次粒子径は10nm乃至40nmであった。得られたシリカゾルを測定方法Aで測定したときの前記平板状の微小粒子の存在量は80%であった。
活性珪酸液の濾過に用いるフィルターとして、ポリプロピレン不織布の公称孔径20μmのデプス型フィルター(ロキテクノ社製SL-200:1次粒子径1.0μmの粒子の除去率は20%、濾過面積0.3m2、フィルター全長250mm)1本を用いた以外は実施例1と同様にして行った。濾過後の活性珪酸液を測定方法Aで測定した結果、前記平板状の微小粒子の存在量は70%であった。この活性珪酸液を用いた以外は実施例4に記載の方法でシリカゾルを製造した。このシリカゾルの物性は比重1.211、pH10.0、粘度4.0、シリカ濃度30.4重量%、透過型電子顕微鏡観察による一次粒子径は10nm乃至40nmであった。得られたシリカゾルを測定方法Aで測定したときの前記平板状の微小粒子の存在量は75%であった。
実施例1と同様の方法により得られた活性珪酸液を分画分子量10000のポリスルフォン製限外濾過膜(濾過面積45cm2、直径76mm)を用いて濾過を行った。濾過の最初の5分間の平均流量は濾過面積1m2あたり0.5リットル/分であった。また、濾過開始から100分後の濾過速度は1m2あたり0.2リットル/分に低下した。
Claims (10)
- シリカ濃度を0.5質量%乃至10.0質量%に調整した珪酸アルカリ水溶液を陽イオン交換によってアルカリ成分を除去して活性珪酸液を調製し、この活性珪酸液を1次粒子径1.0μmの粒子の除去率が50%以上であるフィルターで濾過することを特徴とする、次の条件(1)を満たす精製された活性珪酸液の製造方法:
(1)下記測定方法Aに従い計測された、一辺の長さが0.2乃至4.0μm、厚さが1乃至100nmの平板状の微小粒子の存在量が0%乃至30%。
測定方法A:シリカ濃度4質量%で且つ25℃の被観察液30mlを通過させた絶対孔径0.4μmのメンブレン型フィルター(濾過面積4.90cm2)を走査型電子顕微鏡で5000倍に拡大して観察したとき、縦15μm、横20μmの長方形の観察域を1視野とし、該1視野内において上記平板状の微小粒子が1個以上存在したときを1カウントとし、そして視野域が互いに重ならない100視野の総てについて該カウントの有無を決定し、得られたカウント総数を該平板状の微小粒子の存在量(%)とする方法。 - 前記除去率が60%以上である請求項1に記載の精製された活性珪酸液の製造方法。
- 前記除去率が70%以上である請求項1に記載の精製された活性珪酸液の製造方法。
- 前記除去率が80%以上である請求項1に記載の精製された活性珪酸液の製造方法。
- 前記除去率が90%以上である請求項1に記載の精製された活性珪酸液の製造方法。
- 前記フィルターが、メンブレン型フィルター、プリーツ型フィルター、デプス型フィルター、糸巻き型フィルター、サーフェース型フィルター、ロール型フィルター、デプスプリーツ型フィルター、及び珪藻土含有型フィルターからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種である請求項1乃至請求項5のいずれか一項に記載の精製された活性珪酸液の製造方法。
- 前記フィルターが、絶対孔径0.3μm乃至3.0μmのメンブレン型フィルターである請求項1乃至請求項5のいずれか一項に記載の精製された活性珪酸液の製造方法。
- 前記珪酸アルカリ水溶液のアルカリ成分が、ナトリウムイオン、カリウムイオン、リチウムイオン、ルビジウムイオン及びセシウムイオンからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種である請求項1乃至請求項7のいずれか一項に記載の精製された活性珪酸液の製造方法。
- 請求項1乃至請求項8のいずれか一項に記載の精製された活性珪酸液をアルカリ性水溶液に添加し、加熱して、活性珪酸を重合することを特徴とする、以下の条件(2)を満たすシリカゾルの製造方法:
(2)請求項1に記載の測定方法Aに従い計測された、一辺の長さが0.2乃至4.0μm、厚さが1乃至100nmの平板状の微小粒子の存在量が0%乃至30%。 - 前記アルカリ性水溶液のアルカリ成分が、アルカリ金属イオン、アンモニウムイオン、アミン及び第4級アンモニウムイオンからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種である請求項9に記載のシリカゾルの製造方法。
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US20130075651A1 (en) | 2013-03-28 |
TW201704151A (zh) | 2017-02-01 |
TWI579237B (zh) | 2017-04-21 |
US20160319173A1 (en) | 2016-11-03 |
KR20190097307A (ko) | 2019-08-20 |
JP2016216344A (ja) | 2016-12-22 |
JPWO2013039212A1 (ja) | 2015-03-26 |
JP6150087B2 (ja) | 2017-06-21 |
JP5920604B2 (ja) | 2016-05-18 |
US10400147B2 (en) | 2019-09-03 |
EP3168191A1 (en) | 2017-05-17 |
KR20140071356A (ko) | 2014-06-11 |
TW201325702A (zh) | 2013-07-01 |
KR102150400B1 (ko) | 2020-09-01 |
EP2757070A1 (en) | 2014-07-23 |
EP2757070B1 (en) | 2018-07-04 |
CN105800622B (zh) | 2019-07-05 |
CN105800622A (zh) | 2016-07-27 |
EP2757070A4 (en) | 2015-06-03 |
CN103748037A (zh) | 2014-04-23 |
EP3168191B1 (en) | 2018-06-20 |
US10550300B2 (en) | 2020-02-04 |
TWI576146B (zh) | 2017-04-01 |
CN103748037B (zh) | 2016-09-28 |
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