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WO2011121608A2 - Composition d'huile de brochage ou de coupe de précision à usage industriel - Google Patents

Composition d'huile de brochage ou de coupe de précision à usage industriel Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011121608A2
WO2011121608A2 PCT/IN2011/000215 IN2011000215W WO2011121608A2 WO 2011121608 A2 WO2011121608 A2 WO 2011121608A2 IN 2011000215 W IN2011000215 W IN 2011000215W WO 2011121608 A2 WO2011121608 A2 WO 2011121608A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
oil
composition
cutting
broaching
additive
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IN2011/000215
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English (en)
Other versions
WO2011121608A3 (fr
Inventor
S. Paul
A. G. Samy
Deepak Saxena
J. N. Pandey
R. T. Mookken
M. B. Patel
S. Bhadhavath
K. P. Naithani
R. K. Malhotra
Anand Kumar
Original Assignee
Indian Oil Corporation Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Indian Oil Corporation Ltd. filed Critical Indian Oil Corporation Ltd.
Publication of WO2011121608A2 publication Critical patent/WO2011121608A2/fr
Publication of WO2011121608A3 publication Critical patent/WO2011121608A3/fr

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/04—Elements
    • C10M2201/043—Sulfur; Selenenium; Tellurium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/102—Aliphatic fractions
    • C10M2203/1025—Aliphatic fractions used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/104—Aromatic fractions
    • C10M2203/1045—Aromatic fractions used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
    • C10M2205/028—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms
    • C10M2205/0285—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2207/026—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings with tertiary alkyl groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/281—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic monocarboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/283—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/40—Fatty vegetable or animal oils
    • C10M2207/401—Fatty vegetable or animal oils used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
    • C10M2209/104—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing two carbon atoms only
    • C10M2209/1045—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing two carbon atoms only used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2211/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2211/08—Halogenated waxes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
    • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2215/064—Di- and triaryl amines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/02—Sulfur-containing compounds obtained by sulfurisation with sulfur or sulfur-containing compounds
    • C10M2219/024—Sulfur-containing compounds obtained by sulfurisation with sulfur or sulfur-containing compounds of esters, e.g. fats
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
    • C10M2219/044—Sulfonic acids, Derivatives thereof, e.g. neutral salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M2223/043—Ammonium or amine salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M2223/045—Metal containing thio derivatives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/02—Pour-point; Viscosity index
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/22—Metal working with essential removal of material, e.g. cutting, grinding or drilling

Definitions

  • the present invention generally relates to broaching oil or cutting oil compositions, and in particular to an oil based neat broaching oil or heavy duty neat cutting oil composition comprising of natural fats/oils, synthetic ester, antiwear, extreme pressure additives, antioxidant and mineral oil.
  • the composition according to the present invention can also be used for other heavy duty metal cutting applications e.g., tapping, boring, drilling, gear cutting etc as per the requirement of the application.
  • Cooling down obviously increases the tool life and reduces thermal distortion. A reduction in the coefficient of friction lowers the machining force and power consumption. This also improves the surface finish greatly.
  • Cutting oil acts by cooling down the chip-tool-work zone by carrying away some of the generated heat and reducing the coefficient of friction at the chip-tool interface due to the formation of a weaker compound at the interface. Washing away of the chips is very important.
  • An ideal cutting fluid should have following characteristics:
  • the cutting fluids are mainly two types; namely, a) water based cutting fluid and b) neat cutting fluid.
  • Neat cutting oils are fluids usually based on mineral oils and used for cutting without further dilution i.e. in the condition as supplied by the manufacturer. Fluids vary in suitability for metal working operations. For example, petroleum-based cutting oils are frequently used for drilling and tapping operations due to their excellent lubricity while water miscible fluids provide the cooling properties required for most turning and grinding operations.
  • Neat cutting oils generally are blends of mineral oils and other additives.
  • Neat oils can be used for applications from light machining to heavy-duty operations such as gear hobbing, broaching, turning, honing, drilling, tapping, gear cutting etc primarily to provide cooling and lubrication which lead to good tool life and appropriate surface finish of the components being machined.
  • Neat cutting oils as opposed to soluble or synthetic cutting fluids provide high levels of lubrication to help reduce frictional heat as the cutting tool penetrates the metal or rubs against the swarf. Neat oils also save energy by reducing cutting forces.
  • the metal cutting operations are of several types starting from heavy duty operations e.g., broaching, tapping, reaming ⁇ gear cutting etc to light duty operations e.g., honing, lapping and other related metal super finishing operations etc.
  • Broaching is one of the most severe metal cutting operations among the neat cutting operations. Broaching is a metal removal process that is performed on flat, round, or contoured substrates.
  • the multi-toothed cutting tools used in broaching have teeth those are generally higher than the preceding tooth, each removing more material as it passes over the substrate.
  • cutting fluids were simple oils applied with brushes to lubricate the machine tool. Occasionally, lard, animal fat or whale oil was added to improve the lubricity of the oil. As the cutting operations became more severe, cutting fluid formulations became more complex. Today's cutting fluids are special blends of chemical additives, lubricants and base stock formulated to meet the performance demands of the metalworking industry.
  • the neat cutting oil generally consists of base oil and additives.
  • the additives are of several types e.g., extreme pressure (EP), lubricity, antioxidants, antifoam etc.
  • the EP additives also are of several types. It may be chlorinated, sulfur, phosphorous containing additives.
  • the sulfur additive performs an anti-wear function in cutting oils by forming a chemical bond between the cutting tool and work piece thereby keeping the tool from coming in direct contact with the metal being cut.
  • the inactive compound is used for cutting the mild (low-carbon) steels and will not stain the softer materials.
  • the active sulfur forms a stronger bond than the inactive but will stain soft metals.
  • So oil containing active sulfur is recommended for cutting and broaching the harder varieties of steel only.
  • the object of this chemical bond is to promote longer tool life and to keep the tool from welding itself to the work piece under the severe temperatures created in many metal cutting operations.
  • the chlorine additive also works in the same fashion as the sulfur additive and tends to complement the sulfur by strengthening the chemical bond (film) around the tool.
  • the lubricity additives may be fatty oils and esters.
  • the fatty oils may be natural or animal fats.
  • the fatty oil additive adds lubricity and makes oil "wetter” thereby lubricating and cooling the metal better than oil without this additive. This also allows better, cleaner cuts and promotes longer tool life.
  • Synthetic metal wetting agents are also available which perform the same function as the fatty oil wetting agent, however they have two distinct advantages. It will not turn rancid with age and it leaves the metal coated with a rust and corrosion inhibitor. Sometimes antioxidants are also used in the formulation to avoid the rancidity problem of the cutting oil during use. The foaming is another problem in the metal working oil which may cause problem during application. This is because the starvation problem in the site of the application which may arise due to the foaming problem.
  • the usefulness of the lubricant can be increased if the same lubricant is used in multipurpose applications, in addition to its aimed specific application.
  • the lubricant is used as broaching oil as well as a concentrated product of other multiple heavy duty cutting applications.
  • the application range can also be increased by diluting the concentrated product with suitable base oil/s as per requirement of the application. This improves the storage as well as inventory cost of the product and/or manpower saving.
  • Formulations of cutting oils need specialization. Several phenomena e.g., metal cutting, lubrication, extreme pressure properties, cooling properties of the machined metals and cutting tools are associated and dependent on the cutting oil.
  • the metals to be machined are also of various types e.g., stainless steel, ferrous metal, and yellow metals.
  • the metal cutting operations start from heavy duty cutting operations e.g., broaching, tapping, reaming, drilling, gear cutting to light duty cutting operations e.g., honing, lapping and other related super- finishing operations. So it is not possible to use same type of oil for all metal cutting operations. Some of the additives may be corrosive to yellow metal, e.g., copper.
  • the same additive is required for the cutting operations of other metals and it is not corrosive to those metals. But the additive may be required for both type of cutting operations. So the techniques require to find out the quantity and the threshold concentrations at which the additive will work for the required cutting operations that will not stain the metal. The process requires proper dilution of the concentrated product for the required cutting operations. Removal of chips (flushing) after cutting operations is also an important requirement of cutting operations which enhance the cooling and surface property of the cutting surface and tool.
  • US patent 5792728 describes a stable non-toxic coolant/lubricant suspension which is specifically designed for use in extremely high-load, high-stress machine operations, such as broaching.
  • the composition of this coolant/lubricant includes about 1 to 15 wt% of molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2 ) powder; about 1 to 7 wt% of soap flakes; about 6 to 12 wt% of a liquid polytetrafluoroethylene suspension; and about 66 to 92 wt% water.
  • MoS 2 molybdenum disulfide
  • US patent 6562766 describes a metal working oil composition without a chlorine compound.
  • the formulation can be used for low-speed cutting or heavy cutting operations such as broaching or gun-drilling operations and comparable to or better than those of chlorine compound-containing lubricant oil.
  • the composition comprises 100 parts by weight of a lubricant base oil that constitutes from 0 to 30% by weight of (a) a mineral base oil and from 70% to 100%) by weight of (b) a pi electron-containing synthetic base oil, from 0.1 to 25 parts by weight of (c) a sulfur-containing extreme-pressure agent, and from 0.1 to 7 parts by weight of (d) an alkali metal and/or alkaline earth metal sulfonate.
  • Chinese patent 1548507 discloses a water insoluble cutting oil which consists of base oil, grease, sulfide extreme pressure additive, lubricant agent, antioxidant and mist inhibitor mixed together.
  • the product shows excellent extreme pressure lubricating performance, machining surface which enhances service life of cutting tool. It is used as common cutting oil for broaching and forming gear.
  • JP patent application JP2008013682A discloses an improved composition of metal working fluid which contains phosphorus as extreme pressure agent. It further discloses that the kinematic viscosity of the base paraffinic mineral oil is 49.7 mm 2 /S at 40°C, saturated content is 91.5% by mass, and content of the cyclic saturated component in the saturated content is 49.8%) by mass. JP2008013682A claimed that the sulfur containing compound is about 0.05%>.
  • US patent 4210544 describes dual-purpose cutting oils which serve as heavy duty cutting oils and machine lubricants in automatic screw machines.
  • the oils contain a base oil, a combination of extreme pressure agents comprising primarily a di-tertiary alkyl polysulfide, a chlorinated paraffin, and a copper corrosion inhibitor comprising a sulfur scavenger such as a 2, 5-bis(n-alkyldithio) thiadiazole.
  • the patent claims increase in working efficiency, suppressed wear of working tools and superior precision of a finished surface.
  • US application US 2004116309 discloses an oil composition for cutting and grinding by minimal quantity lubrication system and for sliding surface and comprises an ester and a sulfur compound and/or a phosphorus compound.
  • the PCT application WO0242397 describes a metal working fluid composition which comprises a base oil for a lubricating oil and, compounded therein, (a) an extreme- pressure additive, (b) at least one of an organic zinc compound and an organic molybdemum compound, and (c) an imide additive.
  • the metal working fluid composition is free of a chlorine- containing additive, allows the heavy cutting of stainless steel, a titanium alloy etc.
  • Chinese patent 101255376(A) discloses a water-based broaching liquor which comprises raw materials of specialized water-based broaching liquor and corresponding weight percentage are phytic acid 1.2-1.8%, sodium benzoate 3-5%, triethanolamine 5.5-6.5%, sodium carbonate 1,8-2.2%, hyposulfite of soda 0.8-1.2%, polyethyleneglycol 7-9%, glycyl alcohol 9- 1 1%, sulfonated castor oil 2.5-3.5%, oleic acid 1.5-2.5%, alkyl phenol polyethenoxy ether 1.5- 2.5%, 2-methyl-3(2H)-isothiazolone 0.4-0.6%, de-ionized water 56-62% for automobile clutch disk hub.
  • US patent 4416788 describes a lubricating composition useful for heavy duty cutting oil which comprises a major lubricating oil and a minor at least one sulfur-containing compound and effective amount of elemental sulfur.
  • the sulfur containing compound and elemental sulfur present in such an amount which is soluble in oil and effective to improve the extreme pressure properties of the composition.
  • US patent 5792728 describes a stable non-toxic coolant/lubricant suspension, which is specifically designed for use in extremely high-load, high-stress machine operations, such as broaching.
  • the composition of this coolant/lubricant includes about 1 to 15 wt% of molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2 ) powder; about 1 to 7 wt% of soap flakes; about 6 to 12 wt% of a liquid polytetrafiuoroethylene suspension; and about 66 to 92 wt% water.
  • MoS 2 molybdenum disulfide
  • An oil based neat broaching oil or heavy duty neat cutting oil composition disclosed in the present invention is an optimized composition of natural fats/oils, synthetic esters, extreme pressure additives, antiwear additive, antioxidants, mineral oil/s etc having the kinematic viscosity 10-20 cSt at 40°C and minimum 0.2% elemental sulfur.
  • the oil may contain other sulfur, chlorine, phosphorus, zinc and calcium based extreme pressure and/or antiwear additive/s.
  • the oil shows excellent metal cutting (tapping efficiency), load properties (weld load) and cooling efficiency.
  • the oil can also be used for other heavy duty metal cutting operations (tapping, reaming, gear cutting, drilling etc) with or without any dilution.
  • a broaching oil or heavy duty cutting oil composition which comprises a blend of natural fat(s)/oil(s), synthetic ester(s), extreme pressure and/or antiwear additive(s), antioxidant(s) and elemental sulfur optionally in the presence of mineral/synthetic oil(s).
  • the composition additionally has a kinematic viscosity in the range of 10-20 cSt at 40°C.
  • the concentration of natural fats/oils and synthetic esters in the composition should be in the range of 5-80% by wt, extreme pressure and/or antiwear additive(s) 5 to 50% by wt, antioxidant(s) 0.01 to 5% by wt, elemental sulfur at least 0.2% by wt and mineral/synthetic oil(s) 0 to 85% by wt.
  • the extreme pressure additive is selected from elemental sulfur, active or inactive sulfurized fat and/or ester.
  • the extreme pressure additive is a chlorine-containing additive such as chlorinated paraffin or wax.
  • the extreme pressure and/or antiwear additive is selected from sulfur, phosphorus, chlorine, calcium ' and zinc based additives such as herein described either as a single component or a mixture thereof.
  • the phosphorous containing additive is selected from phosphate ester and/or amine phosphate
  • the zinc-containing additive is ZDDP
  • calcium-containing additive is calcium petroleum sulphonate.
  • the fat(s) are selected from all types of vegetable fats e.g. coconut, palm, rapeseed etc., animal fats from lard, tallow etc, synthetic esters from TMP ester, pentaerithritol ester, butyl stearate and butyl oleate etc and/or their possible mixtures.
  • the mineral oil is selected from paraffinic or aromatic oils or their mixtures including all isomers thereof and the synthetic oil is selected from PAO and PEG/s etc.
  • the minimum weld load of the composition is 600 kg and is suitable for use in heavy duty operations such as broaching, tapping, reaming, boring, gear cutting etc or light duty operations such as honing, lapping and other related metal super finishing operations etc on dilution.
  • the invented composition also includes a multipurpose cutting oil package composition for different machining operations which comprises a composition diluted with a base oil.
  • the invention further provides a method of heavy or light duty machining operations as applicable using the invented composition.
  • the oil based neat broaching oil or heavy duty neat cutting oil composition is an optimized composition of natural fats/oils, synthetic esters, extreme pressure additives, antiwear additive, antioxidants, mineral oil/s etc having the kinematic viscosity 10-20 cSt and minimum 0.2% elemental sulfur.
  • the oil may contain sulfur, chlorine, phosphorus, zinc and/or calcium based extreme pressure and/or antiwear additive/s.
  • the oil shows excellent metal cutting (tapping efficiency), load properties (weld load) and cooling efficiency. Superior cooling efficiency has been observed due to optimum kinematic viscosity of the oil composition as stated above during broaching or multipurpose cutting applications .
  • the neat broaching oil or multipurpose neat cutting oil composition comprises natural fat(s)/oils and/or synthetic esters 5 to 80% by weight, extreme pressure and/or antiwear additives 5 to 50% by weight, minimum 0.2% elemental sulfur, antioxidant or mixtures of antioxidants 0.01 to 5% by weight and mineral oil or mixture of mineral oils 0 to 85% by weight.
  • the fats/oils and esters are used as a lubricant and oiliness material in the oil base neat cutting oil.
  • the above materials help to increase cutting operations and better surface finish.
  • the natural fat used in the present invention is based on the vegetable fat/oil or animal fat/oil or synthetic ester/s or the mixture of any two or three.
  • the vegetable fat includes palm, coconut, soybean, karanja, rapeseed etc having the fatty acid distribution of C-8 to C-22 with all possible isomers and/or its mixtures.
  • the animal fats/oils include lard oil, tallow etc and/or the mixture of all possible combinations.
  • the synthetic esters include butyl stearate, butyl oleate, methyl oleate, propylene glycol dioleate, trimethylol trioleate, etc individually or all the possible combinations.
  • the animal and fats/oils synthetic esters include all the possible fatty acid distribution of C-8 to C-22 including its possible isomers, its mixtures including complex and self emulsifying esters.
  • the kinematic viscosity of the fats/oils varies between 25 to 250 cSt at 40°C whereas the values for synthetic esters are generally 7 to 50 cSt.
  • additives are used to enhance the tool life of the cutting machine, better cutting and surface finish.
  • the additives selected and used in the present invention are based on sulphur, phosphorus, chlorine and zinc as single component or mixture of components of above.
  • extreme-pressure and anti-wear agents are elemental sulfur, dilauryl phosphate, didodecyl phosphite, trialkylphosphate such as tri(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate, tricresylphosphate (TCP), zinc dialkyl(or diaryl) dithiophosphates (ZDDP), phospho-sulphurized fatty oils, zinc dialkyldithiocarbamate), mercaptobenzothiazole, sulphurized fatty oils, sulphurized terpenes, sulphurized oleic acid, alkyl and aryl polysulphides, sulphurized sperm oil, sulphurized mineral oil, sulphur chloride treated fatty oils,
  • the natural fats and esters have a tendency to decompose to fatty acid with time, heating and hydrolyze during operation.
  • Antioxidant is used to prevent the conversion of ester to the fatty acid.
  • the antioxidants used in the present invention are amine and/or hindered phenolic based, their mixtures and isomers thereof.
  • the base stock in the present formulation is used as a matrix and diluting the concentrated cutting/broaching oil.
  • the base oil used is as single component or the mixture of more than one component.
  • the base stock oil can be paraffinic or naphthenic, hydrocracked or mixture of these.
  • the base oil typically has a viscosity from 2.2 to 58 cSt at 40°C. Viscosity of the formulation can be adjusted by mixing adequate quantity of the required different base oils.
  • the flash point of the base oil should be greater than 120°C.
  • the required quantity of base oil is to be taken in the glass beaker and heated upto 40-45°C on the hot plate.
  • the base oil is continued to be stirred with Remi stirrer for sometime till the base oil mixture is homogeneous and clear.
  • the final broaching oil blend is prepared by adding the appropriate quantity of fats, EP additives and the antioxidants to the base oil one by one and stirring. Sufficient time is required to be given to mix the additive to the base oil before addition of the next additive.
  • the temperature is to be maintained between 40-45 °C.
  • the blend is to be removed from the stirrer and hot plate and allowed to reduce the temperature from 45°C to room temperature. Then the blend is to be stored in the glass bottle.
  • the cutting oil blend is then subjected to various physicochemical and tribological performance tests.
  • the physicochemical tests e.g., kinematic viscosity, TAN, pour point, flash point, copper corrosion etc are performed as per standard ASTM methods.
  • Tapping efficiency and weld load are two suitable tribological tests correlating with the actual metal cutting operations and are selected for the evaluation of the candidate blends. All the tests are carried out on the neat oil system.
  • the load carrying capacity of the lubricants can be measured by the weld load property.
  • the value is an absolute one.
  • the weld load of the formulations is evaluated by the IP- 239 method.
  • the tapping efficiency is a measure of cutting efficiency of the formulations and primary importance of the heavy duty cutting operations e.g., broaching, tapping, drilling, reaming etc.
  • the tapping efficiency is always measured against a. reference sample (assuming it as 100%) and the experimental sample is reported against this reference.
  • the reference used is one market established reputed commercial sample CASTROL ILOBROACH 1 1. Any sample having 100% tapping efficiency against this sample can also be used as a reference.
  • Tapping efficiency was conducted as per ASTM D5619.
  • the cooling properties measured with a standard industrial broaching machine in standard applications. The details of the broaching machine are as follows.
  • Example- 10
  • Example- 12

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une composition d'huile de brochage ou de coupe à usage industriel, présentant d'excellentes propriétés de refroidissement appropriées à des opérations de coupe effectuées à des pressions extrêmes. Cette composition d'huile présente une viscosité cinématique comprise entre 10 et 20 cSt à 40°C et une quantité minimum de soufre actif de 0,2% : deux facteurs cruciaux pour les propriétés de refroidissement et de coupe. Cette huile permet ainsi d'obtenir d'excellentes propriétés de coupe de métaux (efficacité de taraudage), de charge (charge de soudure) et de refroidissement. La composition proposée, ou une dilution appropriée de celle-ci, peut être utilisée pour d'autres opérations de coupe, par exemple, le perçage de trous profonds, le taraudage, le brochage, etc.
PCT/IN2011/000215 2010-03-30 2011-03-30 Composition d'huile de brochage ou de coupe de précision à usage industriel WO2011121608A2 (fr)

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CN105849241A (zh) * 2014-01-20 2016-08-10 出光兴产株式会社 金属加工油组合物
CN107629845A (zh) * 2016-07-18 2018-01-26 天津市澳路浦润滑科技股份有限公司 一种金属挤压攻丝油
WO2018057519A1 (fr) * 2016-09-20 2018-03-29 Ethox Chemicals, Llc Phosphate d'alcool alcoxylé non chloré pour travail des métaux
CN108048187A (zh) * 2017-12-28 2018-05-18 东莞太平洋博高润滑油有限公司 一种攻牙油及其制备方法
CN109652187A (zh) * 2019-01-10 2019-04-19 湖南金泰检测检验有限公司 一种水基切削液及其制备方法
CN110564486A (zh) * 2019-10-16 2019-12-13 武汉胜七机电设备有限公司 一种攻丝油及其制备方法
CN112646639A (zh) * 2020-12-23 2021-04-13 北京市政建设集团有限责任公司 一种低气味润滑脂及其制备方法
CN113462448A (zh) * 2021-06-08 2021-10-01 青岛华瑞泰格工贸有限公司 一种可生物降解的低发烟型金属挤压攻丝油
CN113736551A (zh) * 2021-09-08 2021-12-03 长沙艾森设备维护技术有限公司 一种金属挤压攻丝液
CN115678650A (zh) * 2022-10-20 2023-02-03 富兰克润滑科技（太仓）有限公司 一种低粘度多功能切削油及其制备方法
CN116285893A (zh) * 2023-01-13 2023-06-23 湖州学院 用于涡流式研磨机的研磨液及制备方法

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US4210544A (en) 1976-08-18 1980-07-01 Texaco Inc. Dual purpose cutting oil composition
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US5792728A (en) 1994-09-30 1998-08-11 Hughes Electronics Corporation Coolant/lubricant for machine operations
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105849241A (zh) * 2014-01-20 2016-08-10 出光兴产株式会社 金属加工油组合物
US20160326450A1 (en) * 2014-01-20 2016-11-10 Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd Metalworking oil composition
CN107629845A (zh) * 2016-07-18 2018-01-26 天津市澳路浦润滑科技股份有限公司 一种金属挤压攻丝油
CN109790321A (zh) * 2016-09-20 2019-05-21 埃瑟克斯化学有限责任公司 金属加工用非氯化的烷氧基化醇磷酸酯
WO2018057519A1 (fr) * 2016-09-20 2018-03-29 Ethox Chemicals, Llc Phosphate d'alcool alcoxylé non chloré pour travail des métaux
CN108048187A (zh) * 2017-12-28 2018-05-18 东莞太平洋博高润滑油有限公司 一种攻牙油及其制备方法
CN109652187A (zh) * 2019-01-10 2019-04-19 湖南金泰检测检验有限公司 一种水基切削液及其制备方法
CN110564486A (zh) * 2019-10-16 2019-12-13 武汉胜七机电设备有限公司 一种攻丝油及其制备方法
CN112646639A (zh) * 2020-12-23 2021-04-13 北京市政建设集团有限责任公司 一种低气味润滑脂及其制备方法
CN113462448A (zh) * 2021-06-08 2021-10-01 青岛华瑞泰格工贸有限公司 一种可生物降解的低发烟型金属挤压攻丝油
CN113736551A (zh) * 2021-09-08 2021-12-03 长沙艾森设备维护技术有限公司 一种金属挤压攻丝液
CN115678650A (zh) * 2022-10-20 2023-02-03 富兰克润滑科技（太仓）有限公司 一种低粘度多功能切削油及其制备方法
CN116285893A (zh) * 2023-01-13 2023-06-23 湖州学院 用于涡流式研磨机的研磨液及制备方法

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