WO2010131707A1 - 耐久性改善剤及びセメント組成物 - Google Patents
耐久性改善剤及びセメント組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010131707A1 WO2010131707A1 PCT/JP2010/058106 JP2010058106W WO2010131707A1 WO 2010131707 A1 WO2010131707 A1 WO 2010131707A1 JP 2010058106 W JP2010058106 W JP 2010058106W WO 2010131707 A1 WO2010131707 A1 WO 2010131707A1
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- Prior art keywords
- cement composition
- cement
- durability
- improving agent
- freeze
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
- C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B24/36—Bituminous materials, e.g. tar, pitch
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/29—Frost-thaw resistance
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/34—Non-shrinking or non-cracking materials
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a durability improving agent and a cement composition. Specifically, it contains a durability improver for cement composition that does not induce a decrease in freeze-thaw resistance (freeze damage resistance), can form a good cement composition, and can drastically inhibit drying shrinkage.
- the present invention relates to a cement composition.
- the freeze-thaw resistance of the cement composition is one of the important items of the durability of the cement composition along with the shrinkage reducing effect. It is an essential requirement that the cement composition has freeze-thaw resistance, particularly in cold regions.
- a frost-resistant cement admixture characterized by containing a high-performance water reducing agent and an AE agent mainly composed of a natural resinate (JP 2000-95551 A) )
- JP 2000-95551 A JP 2000-95551 A
- freeze-thaw resistance of the cement composition is significantly impaired.
- the only means to ensure freeze-thaw resistance is to take measures in the strengthening process of the cement composition and the curing process after manufacturing the cement composition, and the effect is insufficient.
- the development of a new durability improving agent to be improved has been awaited.
- Entraining fine air bubbles in cement hydrate is very effective in improving freeze-thaw resistance. For this reason, an air-entraining component is generally added to the cement composition, but cannot necessarily be a means for preventing frost damage due to the following reasons.
- frost damage cannot be prevented by adding air-entraining components is that defoaming occurs in the process of cement hydrate hardening, but since air-entraining components are added before the cement hydrate hardens, It is mentioned that air bubbles may not be sufficiently entrained after curing.
- frost damage cannot be prevented by the addition of air-entraining components is that ice crystal nuclei are necessary for the formation of ice in cement hydrate.
- the contribution to suppression may be low. Ice formation is a probabilistic accidental phenomenon.
- frost damage cannot be prevented by adding air-entraining components is that the degree of frost damage varies greatly depending on the material used in the cement composition. For example, when the cement hydrate material is an aggregate with a high water content, an aggregate with a low strength, or a cement with a low strength expression, the amount of frozen water in the cement hydrate is large, Because it does not have enough strength to withstand freezing and expansion, it is susceptible to frost damage.
- frost damage cannot be prevented by adding air-entraining components is that specific components contained in the cement hydrate become highly concentrated when the cement hydrate freezes, and secondary deterioration is promoted. To do. As such components, for example, chlorine ions and hydrogen ions have been reported. Increasing the concentration of chloride ions induces supercooling due to an increase in molar concentration, generating ice lenses in the cement hydrate. The high concentration of hydrogen ions causes an alkali aggregate reaction.
- frost damage cannot be prevented by adding air-entraining components. Freezing of the cement composition proceeds depending on the pore size. In other words, the water in the coarse voids is less supercooled and freezes at a higher temperature. Even when the continuity of the voids of cement hydrate is high, the amount of frozen water increases due to the continuous capture of antifreeze water by ice, and frost damage becomes obvious. Thus, since the cause of frost damage is various, it cannot always be improved by introducing air into the cement composition.
- the shrinkage reducing agent increases the diameter of the entrained air bubbles.
- the bubble diameter and bubble spacing coefficient are increased, and the freeze-thaw resistance is significantly lowered.
- the cell spacing coefficient is 250 ⁇ m or less, it is considered that the freeze-thaw resistance is excellent.
- a shrinkage reducing agent that is not adsorbed to the cement particles is contained in the cement composition. It has been reported that the freezing and thawing resistance of the cement composition is significantly impaired by being contained in the moisture in the pores (Concrete Engineering Annual Papers, July 2007, Vol. 30, 1188 (non-patent Reference 1))).
- shrinkage reducing agents for cement compositions are generally used for the purpose of reducing the amount of drying shrinkage that adversely affects the durability of the resulting cement composition.
- the shrinkage reducing agent include compounds that maintain water solubility (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-163653 (Patent Document 2)) and water-insoluble compounds (for example, see Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-124750 (Patent Document 3)).
- the present invention sufficiently improves the freeze-thaw resistance of the cement composition as described above, and further includes a durability improver for cement composition that exhibits sufficient shrinkage reduction performance and substance barrier properties, and the same.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a cement composition.
- hydrocarbon compounds having an average molecular weight of 150 to 600 and a pour point of 20 ° C. or lower.
- the inventors of the present invention used the above-mentioned hydrocarbon compounds as a cement composition. It was confirmed that, when added to a product, the freeze-thaw resistance and substance barrier properties of the cement composition were improved, and the target shrinkage reduction effect was sufficiently exhibited. Furthermore, it has been found that when a hydrocarbon compound is added together with the compound represented by the general formula (I), the freeze-thaw resistance, the substance blocking property and the shrinkage reducing effect are all remarkably improved. The present invention is based on such knowledge.
- the present invention provides the following inventions.
- a compound represented by the following general formula (I) is included, and the ratio of the hydrocarbon compound to the compound represented by the general formula (I) is 5/95 to 99/1 by weight (1 )
- R—O— (AO) n —H Formula (I) (Wherein R is hydrogen or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, AO is an oxyalkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and n is an integer of 1 to 20) (3) A cement composition containing the durability improving agent for cement composition according to (1) or (2). (4) The cement composition according to (3), wherein the content of the durability improving agent for cement composition is 0.02 wt% to 2 wt% per composition weight ratio of the cement composition.
- the durability improving agent for cement composition of the present invention can be improved in durability, that is, freeze-thaw resistance, shrinkage reduction effect and substance blocking property by being added to the cement composition. Such an effect can be exhibited without being affected by the original durability of the cement composition. That is, when durability is originally good, it can be maintained or improved, and when durability is inherently poor, it can be remarkably improved.
- the durability improving agent for cement composition of the present invention is effective for preventing cracking of the cement composition, and is particularly effective as a countermeasure for suppressing cracking of the cement composition in cold regions, which has been difficult in the past. . That is, by adding the durability improving agent for a cement composition of the present invention to the cement composition, the shrinkage of the cement can be sufficiently suppressed and the freeze-thaw resistance can be improved. Reduction of cracking can be expected.
- the durability improving agent for cement composition of the present invention can sufficiently exhibit the effect as a shrinkage reducing agent.
- shrinkage reducing agents for cement compositions the effect on air entrainment is a problem, but in the shrinkage reducing agents for cement compositions of the present invention, such problems are eliminated and good for cement compositions. Simple air bubbles can be taken along easily. Therefore, the durability improver for cement composition of the present invention dramatically improves the freeze-thaw resistance of the cement composition, secures good workability, and affects the unit water amount of the cement composition. In addition, durability can be improved in a balanced manner.
- the hydrocarbon compound which is an active ingredient of the durability improving agent for cement composition of the present invention can be present at the gas-liquid interface in the void path in the cement composition, it blocks harmful substances from the outside. It also plays a role and can exert the effect of improving the substance barrier property of the cement composition.
- the durability improving agent for cement composition of the present invention When the durability improving agent for cement composition of the present invention is added to concrete, it can maintain good freeze-thaw resistance regardless of the amount of shrinkage suppression. Therefore, the problem of restraining the addition amount to a small amount due to concerns about the effect on freeze-thaw resistance as in the case of conventional shrinkage reducing agents is solved, and the addition amount necessary to obtain the target shrinkage reduction effect is appropriately determined. The degree of freedom in selecting the addition amount can be increased.
- the durability improvement in the present invention means imparting, improving, improving, or maintaining excellent durability of the added substance.
- it means imparting freeze-thaw resistance, imparting an effect of reducing shrinkage, and imparting substance blocking properties to the composition. Therefore, the durability improving agent for cement composition of the present invention can be rephrased as a freeze / thaw resistance improving agent, shrinkage reducing agent or substance barrier improving agent for cement composition.
- Freezing and thawing resistance in the present invention is also referred to as frost damage resistance, resistance to a phenomenon (freezing damage) that causes deterioration of the composition due to repeated freezing and thawing of moisture present in the cement composition, Tolerance.
- the durability improving agent refers to an additive for a cement composition for improving or improving the freeze-thaw resistance, maintaining excellent freeze-thaw resistance, or preventing a decrease in freeze-thaw resistance.
- the substance barrier property in the present invention refers to resistance and resistance to a phenomenon that a harmful substance enters from the surface of the cement composition and deteriorates.
- a typical harmful substance is carbon dioxide gas, and the carbon ion enters the alkaline cement composition from the outside, so that the hydrogen ion index of the cement composition is lowered.
- This phenomenon causes rusting and corrosion of steel materials such as reinforcing bars in the cement composition.
- the intrusion of chlorine ions also rusts the steel material and induces deterioration due to expansion of the steel material.
- the intrusion of water also increases the water content in the cement composition, and causes an increase in the amount of frozen water when subjected to a freeze-thaw action.
- the durability improver of the present invention can improve freeze-thaw resistance when added to a cement composition. In addition, it can reduce drying shrinkage, reduce hydration shrinkage and self-shrinkage that occur during the hydration reaction and hardening process of cement composition, and it is effective as a hydration shrinkage and self-shrinkage reducing agent and substance blocking property Can also be demonstrated.
- the active ingredient of the durability improving agent for cement composition of the present invention is a hydrocarbon compound having an average molecular weight of 150 to 600 and a pour point of 20 ° C. or less.
- the hydrocarbon-based compound is a compound mainly composed of paraffin, olefin, alkyne, cycloparaffin, cycloolefin, aromatic and the like.
- the hydrocarbon-based compound is mainly composed of hydrocarbon, but may contain a hetero compound containing nitrogen, sulfur, oxygen or the like as an impurity like mineral oil.
- the hydrocarbon compound constituting the durability improving agent for cement composition of the present invention has an average molecular weight of 150 to 600 and a pour point of 20 ° C. or less.
- Such hydrocarbon compounds include kerosene fractions (boiling point 170-250 ° C.), light oil fractions, heavy gas oil fractions, lube oil fractions (boiling point 350-550 ° C.) in petroleum distillation, Further, mineral oil hydrocarbons obtained by purification such as precision distillation or extraction or chemical treatment are exemplified.
- Mineral oil hydrocarbons are hydrocarbons derived from mineral oil. It is usually a very complex mixture of hydrocarbons, and often contains oil molecules with different types of structures such as paraffin, naphthene, and aroma in one oil molecule.
- mineral oil-based hydrocarbons examples include paraffinic, naphthenic, and aromatic hydrocarbons, and any of them can be used in the present invention.
- Paraffin-based mineral oil-based hydrocarbons are generally hydrocarbons having a carbon ratio by ring analysis (ndM method) and a paraffin carbon number (% CP) of 50 or more.
- Naphthenic mineral oil-based hydrocarbons are generally hydrocarbons having a naphthene carbon number (% CN) of 30 to 45.
- the aromatic mineral oil-based hydrocarbon is generally an aromatic system having an aromatic carbon number (% CA) of 35 or more.
- Some mineral oil-based hydrocarbons are referred to by classification names such as spindle oil, cylinder oil, liquid paraffin oil, machine oil, and turbine oil, and any of these can be used in the present invention.
- hydrocarbon compounds obtained by other origins and production methods
- hydrocarbon compounds include hydrocarbons artificially synthesized by chemical means, hydrocarbons extracted and purified from natural products, and the like.
- poly- ⁇ -olefin polyisobutylene ( Polybutene) and the like.
- poly- ⁇ -olefins include those obtained by polymerizing or oligomerizing 1-hexene, 1-octene, 1-nonene, 1-decene, 1-dodecene, 1-tetradecene, etc. or hydrogenating them. Is done.
- the hydrocarbon compound used in the present invention preferably has a kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. of 50 mm 2 / S or less, and more preferably 20 mm 2 / S or less. Although a minimum is not specifically limited, Usually, it is 1 mm ⁇ 2 > / S or more, Preferably it is 3 mm ⁇ 2 > / S or more.
- the kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. can be measured with a viscometer such as Canon Fensuke or Ubbelohde, and the kinematic viscosity of the hydrocarbon compounds used in the examples described later (see Table 1) is also measured under these conditions. ing.
- the hydrocarbon compound constituting the durability improving agent for cement composition of the present invention has an average molecular weight of 150 to 600 and a pour point of 20 ° C. or less.
- the hydrocarbon compound used in the present invention may have a pour point of 20 ° C. or lower, but from the viewpoint of handling, the pour point is preferably 0 ° C. or lower, more preferably ⁇ 10 ° C. or lower.
- the average molecular weight of the hydrocarbon compound may be 150 to 600. Similarly, from the viewpoint of handling, it is preferably 200 to 400, more preferably 250 to 350.
- the average molecular weight means a weight average molecular weight (Mw) or a number average molecular weight (Mn).
- the average molecular weight can be measured by, for example, GPC (gel permeation chromatography), GC-MS (gas chromatograph mass spectrometer) or the like.
- the pour point refers to a temperature at which the fluid does not flow under a certain condition, and can be measured by, for example, a method defined in Japanese Industrial Standard K2269 or ASTM 5949. That is, a 45 ml sample taken in a test tube is heated to 45 ° C., and the test tube is taken out of the cooling bath every time the temperature drops to 2.5 ° C., and the temperature at which the sample has stopped moving for 5 seconds is read. It can be measured by adding 2.5 ° C. The pour point of the examples was also measured under these conditions.
- hydrocarbon compounds having a pour point higher than 20 ° C. are solid at normal temperature, the fluidity of the cement composition before curing is significantly reduced, which is not preferable. Further, hydrocarbon compounds having a pour point higher than 20 ° C. are difficult to uniformly disperse in the cement composition because they are solid at ordinary temperature, and when present in the cement composition in a relatively large lump, There is a problem that the durability of the cement composition is greatly reduced.
- hydrocarbon compounds having an average molecular weight of less than 150 have high volatility, and not only the desired effects cannot be obtained due to volatilization during the production of the cement composition, but also the working environment is poor such as high odor and flammability. Become. Further, when a hydrocarbon compound having an average molecular weight larger than 600 is used, not only the viscosity at low temperature increases and handling becomes worse, but also the desired performance cannot be obtained because it is difficult to uniformly disperse in the cement composition.
- the durability improver for cement composition of the present invention may contain one type of hydrocarbon compound having an average molecular weight of 150 to 600 and a pour point of 20 ° C. or less. You may use it in combination.
- the content of the hydrocarbon compound in the durability improving agent for cement composition of the present invention is preferably 5% by weight or more. If it is less than 5% by weight, the intended durability, particularly freeze-thaw resistance, may not be maintained. More preferably, it is 10 to 80% by weight, more preferably 20 to 60% by weight, and most preferably 25 to 40% by weight.
- the durability improving agent for cement compositions of the present invention may contain a compound represented by the following general formula (I).
- R is hydrogen or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms
- AO is an oxyalkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms
- n is an integer of 1 to 20.
- R represents hydrogen (hydrogen atom) or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
- R is preferably a hydrocarbon group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, and most preferably a hydrocarbon group having 4 carbon atoms.
- the number of carbon atoms is larger than 8, it becomes difficult to control the amount of air and the air diameter introduced into the cement composition, which adversely affects the fluidity, freeze-thaw resistance, and durability of compressive strength of the cement composition.
- R represents, for example, a hydrogen atom, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, isopentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl or the like linear or branched alkyl group; And cyclic alkyl groups such as cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, and cyclooctyl; and aryl groups such as phenyl, benzyl, and phenethyl.
- AO represents an oxyalkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms.
- Examples of the oxyalkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms include oxyethylene, oxypropylene, oxybutylene and the like.
- (AO) AO constituting n may be the same kind of oxyalkylene group or two or more kinds of oxyalkylene groups. That is, when n is 2 or more, (AO) n may be either a polyoxyalkylene group composed of a single oxyalkylene group or a polyoxyalkylene group composed of two or more oxyalkylene groups.
- the addition form of the oxyalkylene group constituting (AO) n may be either a block form or a random form.
- (AO) n is preferably a polyoxyalkylene group comprising an oxyethylene group and / or an oxypropylene group.
- N represents the average added mole number of the oxyalkylene group, and is an integer of 1 to 20, preferably an integer of 15 or less, more preferably an integer of 2 to 10.
- Examples of the compound represented by the general formula (I) when R is hydrogen include ethylene glycol; polyethylene glycol such as diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, and polyethylene glycol; propylene glycol; polypropylene glycol such as dipropylene glycol; Examples thereof include propanediol, 1,2-butanediol, butylene glycol, polybutylene glycol, and polyalkylene glycol obtained by adding two or more kinds of alkylene oxides in a block or random manner. Of these, polypropylene glycol is preferred. In the case of polypropylene glycol, the number of oxypropylene repeats (general formula n) is preferably 15 or less, and more preferably 2 to 10.
- preferable examples of the compound represented by the general formula (I) when R is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms include diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monopropyl ether, Ethylene oxide and propylene oxide in a total of 2 to 1 mol of 1 to 8 carbon atoms such as pentaethylene glycol monoisooctyl ether, polyoxyethylene isooctyl ether, methanol, ethanol, butyl alcohol and 2-ethylhexanol Examples include those added in a 10-mol block shape or a random shape.
- the above hydrocarbon compound may be contained, and the compound represented by the general formula (I) is not necessarily contained.
- the compound represented by formula (I) By containing the compound represented by formula (I), the shrinkage reduction effect can be remarkably improved.
- the ratio of the hydrocarbon compound to the compound represented by the general formula (I) is 5 / weight ratio. It is 95 to 99/1, preferably 10/90 to 70/30, more preferably 20/80 to 40/60. By setting it within this range, freeze-thaw resistance suitable for the environment to which the cement composition is exposed is exhibited, and an excellent shrinkage reduction effect can be obtained.
- the durability improving agent for cement composition of the present invention can contain an emulsifier in addition to the above-mentioned active ingredients.
- emulsifiers include ester-based emulsifiers such as polyoxyalkylene alkyl esters, polyhydric alcohol fatty acid esters, polyhydric alcohol fatty acid ester alkylene oxide adducts (eg, polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil); polyoxyalkylene alkylamines, fatty acid alkanolamides, Nitrogen-containing emulsifiers such as fatty acid alkanolamide alkylene oxide adducts; solubilizers such as 3-methoxy-3-methyl-1-butanol; polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether types other than the compounds represented by formula (I) Examples thereof include, but are not limited to, an emulsifier (for example, an alkylene oxide adduct to
- polyhydric alcohol fatty acid ester alkylene oxide adducts and polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether emulsifiers other than the compounds represented by formula (I) are preferred, and polyhydric alcohol fatty acid ester alkylene oxide adducts are more preferred.
- the content of the emulsifier in the durability improving agent for cement composition is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.01 to 20 parts by weight, more preferably 100 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the durability improving agent for cement composition. 0.5 to 15 parts by weight.
- the content of the emulsifier in the durability improving agent for cement composition is not particularly limited and can be appropriately determined.
- the durability improving agent for cement composition of the present invention may contain water. Thereby, work environment and safety can be improved. When the durability improving agent for cement composition of the present invention contains water, the form becomes an emulsion or a solubilized product.
- the water content in the durability improving agent for cement composition can be appropriately determined and is not particularly limited.
- the durability improving agent for cement composition of the present invention can be used in combination with or mixed with other admixtures (admixtures) as necessary.
- admixtures for example, air entraining agent (air entraining component), antifoaming agent (antifoaming component, antifoaming component), water reducing agent (standard type, delayed type, accelerated type), high-performance AE water reducing agent (standard type) , Delay type), high-performance water reducing agent, curing accelerator, fluidizing agent (standard type, delayed type), shrinkage reduction type (high performance) AE water reducing agent, setting retarder, accelerator, quick setting agent, foaming agent , Antirust agent, cold resistance promoter, adhesion mortar stabilizer, darkening inhibitor, thickener, separation reducing agent, flocculant, self-leveling agent, antifungal agent, blast furnace slag, fly ash, cinder ash, clinker ash, Examples include husk ash, silica fume, silica powder, gypsum,
- the other admixtures may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the durability improver for cement composition when used in combination with or mixed with the other admixture (admixture), the durability improver for cement composition and the method for adding the other admixture to the cement are particularly preferred.
- the durability improving agent for cement composition of the present invention can be added to other materials constituting the cement composition when producing the cement composition. Thereby, the cement composition excellent in durability can be obtained.
- a cement composition is a hydraulic material that is a cement paste (mixed with water and cement), mortar (a mixture of cement and fine aggregate, water), or concrete (a mixture of mortar and coarse aggregate). , Materials other than these (admixture (admixture)) may be included.
- the cement composition may be a hydrated product containing calcium, silica, aluminum and the like.
- the cement is not particularly limited as long as it is a hydraulic cement.
- the cement include normal, low heat, moderately hot, early strength, super early strength, sulfate resistant portland cement, low alkali type of portland cement, blast furnace cement (type A, type B, type C), silica cement ( A type, B type, C type), fly ash cement (A type, B type, C type), eco cement (ordinary, fast setting), silica fume cement, white Portland cement, alumina cement, super fast setting cement, for grout
- the powder that can be contained in the cement composition include silica fume, fly ash, fine coal stone powder, fine blast furnace slag powder, expansion material, and other mineral fine powder.
- fine aggregate examples include river sand, mountain sand, sea sand, crushed sand, heavy aggregate, lightweight aggregate, slag aggregate, recycled aggregate, and the like.
- coarse aggregate examples include river gravel, crushed stone, heavy aggregate, lightweight aggregate, slag aggregate, recycled aggregate, and the like.
- Water that can be used for the cement composition is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include water supply water, water other than water supply water (river water, lake water, well water, etc.), recovered water, and the like.
- materials (admixtures) other than cement paste, mortar and concrete can be used in combination.
- Such a material can be used without any limitation as long as it does not impair the effects of the present invention and is used.
- the admixture those mentioned as examples of the admixture that can be added to the durability improving agent for cement composition can be used as they are.
- the amount of the durability improving agent for cement composition according to the present invention added to the cement composition is not particularly limited.
- the addition amount of the durability improver for cement composition to the cement composition is preferably 0.02% by weight to 2% by weight, more preferably 0.05% by weight or more, based on the weight ratio of the cement composition. 1.5% by weight.
- the composition weight ratio of the cement composition is the weight ratio with respect to the total weight of each constituent material (water, cement, (admixture), fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, etc.) in the cement composition. .
- the method for preparing a cement composition containing the durability improver for cement composition of the present invention is not particularly limited.
- a method of adding the durability improver for cement composition of the present invention to the ready-mixed concrete production or the fresh concrete after production is exemplified.
- the durability improving agent for cement compositions of this invention does not contain water, you may add this durability improving agent to the other component which comprises a cement composition, after previously melt
- each component of the durability improving agent for cement compositions of the present invention can be added separately to produce a cement composition.
- the active ingredient is two or more hydrocarbon compounds, and / or when one or more compounds represented by general formula (I) are also included as active ingredients, Can also be added separately to the cement over time to produce a cement composition.
- the durability improving agent for cement composition of the present invention When the durability improving agent for cement composition of the present invention is added to the cement composition, the above-mentioned hydrocarbon compound as an active ingredient is mixed into the cement composition. As a result, since no water-soluble compound remains in the moisture in the pores of the cement composition, a cement composition that exhibits good hydration reaction and strength development can be obtained without adversely affecting the formation process of the cement composition. . For this reason, the durability improver for cement composition of the present invention has little effect on freeze-thaw resistance even if the addition amount is larger than that of the conventional shrinkage reducing agent. It can be added to the product.
- the product of the present invention contained in the cement composition suppresses the movement of water and the phase change behavior in the cement composition, the freeze-thaw resistance of the cement composition can be sufficiently improved. Also, it plays a role of blocking the entry path of substances from the outside, and has excellent substance blocking properties. For this reason, the durability improving agent for cement compositions exhibits an effect of improving durability by being added to the cement composition.
- Table 1 shows the properties of the hydrocarbon compounds used in the following examples.
- the durability improving agent (Example) or comparative product (Comparative Example) shown in Table 2 is mixed in the concrete in the mixer in the amount shown in Table 4 or Table 5, and the mixture is stirred in the mixer to obtain the concrete composition.
- a product was prepared.
- the properties of the hydrocarbon compound in the durability improver are as shown in Table 1.
- the numerical value in the parenthesis of polypropylene glycol (600) shown in Table 2 indicates the average molecular weight
- the numerical value in the parenthesis of polyoxyethylene (6) isooctyl ether indicates the number of repetitions of oxyethylene.
- Tables 4 and 5 show slump value (SL), slump flow, air volume (Air) and C.I. T. T. (Concrete kneading temperature).
- the slump value was measured according to JIS A 1101: 2005, and the air amount was measured according to JIS A 1128: 2005. That is, the slump value was measured as follows. Place a metal slump cone with an upper end inner diameter of 100 mm, a lower end inner diameter of 200 mm, a height of 300 mm, and a thickness of 5 mm or more on a rigid, watertight and smooth flat plate and press it down to make the sample into three equal layers. Packed separately.
- the tip with a diameter of 16 mm and a length of 500 to 600 mm was leveled with a metal ball with a hemispherical shape, then hit uniformly 25 times, and the top surface was leveled together with the upper end of the slump cone.
- Gently pull it vertically for 2 to 3 seconds measure the drop at the center of the sample in 0.5 cm increments, the slump value, the diameter that seems to be the largest after the concrete stops moving, and this
- the diameter in the direction perpendicular to the surface was measured, and the average value thereof was taken as the slump flow.
- the amount of air was measured by the air chamber pressure method based on Boyle's law.
- the lid is also watertight and sufficiently strong, with a water inlet and drainage (air). It was supposed to have a mouth.
- At the top of the lid is an air chamber with an internal volume of about 5% of the container, which is equipped with a pressure regulating valve, an air hand pump, a pressure gauge and an actuating valve. Put the sample up to about 1/3 of the container, and the tip of 500-600mm in length is evenly struck with a hemispherical metal round bar 25 times so that the bottom of the container does not pierce. The side of the container was tapped 10-15 times so that no large bubbles were visible.
- Test 1-2 Drying Shrinkage Test and Neutralization Test The dry shrinkage test was performed as follows in accordance with JIS A 1129: 2001.
- a concrete composition was prepared in the same manner as in Test 1-1.
- a 10 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 40 cm specimen was prepared, demolded 24 hours later, drawn, and then cured in water at 20 ° C. for 1 week. Thereafter, 20 ° C., R.V. H. It was stored in a 60% constant temperature and humidity chamber, and the drying shrinkage rate was measured.
- Tables 6 and 7 show the results of the drying shrinkage ratios of the dry material ages 1 week, 4 weeks, 8 weeks and 13 weeks of each Example and Comparative Example.
- Tables 6 and 7 show the drying shrinkage ratios of each Example and Comparative Example with respect to Comparative Example 1 at a dry material age of 13 weeks.
- the neutralization test was performed as follows in accordance with JIS A 1153-2003. Immediately after placing each concrete composition prepared in the test 1-1, a 10 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 40 cm specimen was prepared, demolded after 24 hours, and cured in water at 20 ° C. for 4 weeks. , 20 ° C., R.V. H. After storage for 4 weeks in a 60% constant temperature and humidity chamber, H. It was stored in an accelerated constant temperature and humidity room of 60% and carbon dioxide concentration of 5%, the neutralization depth was measured, and the substance blocking performance was evaluated. Tables 6 and 7 show the neutralization depth of the promoting material age of 13 weeks in Examples and Comparative Examples. The shallower the neutralization depth, the better the material blocking performance.
- Test 1-3 Freeze-thaw test The freeze-thaw test was conducted as follows according to JIS A 1148: 2001 (Method A). A concrete composition was prepared in the same manner as in Test 1-1. Immediately after placing each concrete composition, a 10 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 40 cm specimen was prepared, demolded 24 hours later, cured in water at 20 ° C. for 4 weeks, and subjected to a 300 cycle (c) freeze-thaw test. The durability index was obtained. The durability index of each example and comparative example is shown in Table 8 and Table 9. In general, the durability index of the concrete composition is 60% or more, and the freeze-thaw resistance is good.
- hydrocarbon compound A (see Table 1).
- Tables 12 and 13 show slump value (SL), slump flow, air volume (Air) and C.I. T.A. (Concrete kneading temperature). All are values obtained by measuring under the same conditions as in Test 1-1.
- Test 2-2 Drying Shrinkage Test and Neutralization Test The dry shrinkage test was performed as follows in accordance with JIS A 1129: 2001.
- a concrete composition was prepared in the same manner as in Test 2-1.
- a 10 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 40 cm specimen was prepared, and after 24 hours, demolding was performed, and after marking, it was cured in water at 20 ° C. for 1 week, 20 ° C., R.V. H. It was stored in a 60% constant temperature and humidity chamber, and the drying shrinkage rate was measured.
- Tables 14 and 15 show the results of the drying shrinkage ratios of the dry material ages 1 week, 4 weeks, 8 weeks, 13 weeks and 26 weeks of each example and comparative example.
- Tables 14 and 15 show the drying shrinkage ratios of each Example and Comparative Example to Comparative Example 13 at a dry material age of 13 weeks.
- the neutralization test was performed as follows in accordance with JIS A 1153-2003 in the same manner as in Test 2-1. Immediately after placing each concrete composition prepared in the test 2-1, a 10 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 40 cm specimen was prepared, demolded after 24 hours, and cured in water at 20 ° C. for 4 weeks, and thereafter , 20 ° C., R.V. H. After 4 weeks storage in a 60% constant temperature and humidity chamber, 20 ° C., R.V. H. It was stored in an accelerated constant temperature and humidity room of 60% and carbon dioxide concentration of 5%, the neutralization depth was measured, and the substance blocking performance was evaluated. Tables 14 and 15 show the neutralization depth of the promoting material age of 13 weeks in Examples and Comparative Examples.
- Test 2-3 Freeze-thaw test The freeze-thaw test was performed as follows in accordance with JIS A 1148: 2001 (Method A).
- a concrete composition was prepared in the same manner as in Test 2-1.
- a 10 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 40 cm specimen was prepared, demolded 24 hours later, cured in water at 20 ° C. for 4 weeks, and subjected to a 300 cycle (c) freeze-thaw test.
- the durability index was obtained.
- the durability index of each example and comparative example is shown in Table 16 and Table 17. In general, the durability index of the concrete composition is 60% or more, and the freeze-thaw resistance is good.
- Tests 2-1, 2-2, 2-3 show the following.
- the composition of the base concrete is designed to have poor freeze-thaw resistance. Since Examples 17 to 19 show remarkable freeze-thaw resistance as compared with Comparative Example 13, the durability improver for cement composition of the present invention is resistant to freeze-thaw resistance with respect to concrete which is originally inferior in freeze-thaw resistance. It turns out that it has the improvement effect of.
- Examples 17 to 19 compared with Comparative Examples 14 to 16, Examples 17 to 19 not only have good freeze-thaw resistance, but also have the same shrinkage reducing effect and substance blocking property. Therefore, the composition of the present invention has a freeze-thaw resistance. It can be seen that not only the shrinkage reduction effect and the substance blocking property are excellent.
- the durability improver for cement compositions of the present invention is significantly freeze-thawed for compositions containing a wide variety of concrete, cement, etc., regardless of the type of target cement composition. It is obvious that it has a resistance improving effect, can be imparted with a shrinkage reducing effect and a substance blocking property, and is extremely useful as an additive to a cement composition.
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Abstract
Description
(1)平均分子量150~600であり流動点20℃以下である炭化水素系化合物を、有効成分として含有するセメント組成物用耐久性改善剤。
(2)さらに下記一般式(I)で示される化合物を含み、前記炭化水素系化合物と前記一般式(I)で示される化合物の比率が重量比で5/95~99/1である(1)に記載のセメント組成物用耐久性改善剤。
R-O-(AO)n-H ・・・一般式(I)
(式中、Rは水素又は炭素数1~8の炭化水素基であり、AOは炭素数2~4のオキシアルキレン基であり、nは1以上20以下の整数である)
(3)(1)または(2)に記載のセメント組成物用耐久性改善剤を含有するセメント組成物。
(4)前記セメント組成物用耐久性改善剤の含有量が、前記セメント組成物の組成重量比率あたり0.02重量%~2重量%である(3)に記載のセメント組成物。
R-O-(AO)n-H ・・・(I)
式中、Rは水素又は炭素数1~8の炭化水素基であり、AOは炭素数2~4のオキシアルキレン基であり、nは1以上20以下の整数である。
以下のようにしてコンクリート組成物を調製し、コンクリート試験のフレッシュ試験、乾燥収縮試験および中性化試験、ならびに凍結融解試験を行った。
表3に示すコンクリート調合条件で、普通ポルトランドセメント3種等量混合(密度=3.16g/cm3)、細骨材(掛川産山砂、密度=2.58g/cm3)及び粗骨材(青梅産硬質砂岩砕石、密度=2.67g/cm3)を使用して環境温度20℃の室内でコンクリートを混練した。全区分で、(株)フローリック社製のAE減水剤標準形フローリックSをセメント重量に対して1重量%添加した。目標スランプを18±2.5cmとし、空気量に関しては目標空気量を4.5±1.5%に設定し、目標空気量となるよう(株)フローリック社製のAE-4(主成分ロジン酸カリウム塩型界面活性剤)を使用し調整した。コンクリート製造後、ミキサ内のコンクリートに、表2に示す耐久性改善剤(実施例)または比較品(比較例)を表4または表5に示す量を混入した上、ミキサで攪拌し、コンクリート組成物を調製した。耐久性改善剤中の炭化水素系化合物の性状は表1に示すとおりである。なお、表2中に示すポリプロピレングリコール(600)の括弧内の数値は平均分子量を示し、ポリオキシエチレン(6)イソオクチルエーテルの括弧内の数値はオキシエチレンの繰り返し数を示す。また表2中の、各成分の組成比率の数値は全て、重量での組成比率の数値である。さらに表3中のW/C、s/a、W、C、S及びGはそれぞれ、水セメント比、細骨材率、単位水量、単位セメント量、単位細骨材量及び単位粗骨材量を示す。
すなわち、スランプ値は以下のようにして測定した。上端内径100mm、下端内径200mm、高さ300mm、厚さ5mm以上の金属製スランプコーンを水平に設置した剛で水密性があり平滑な平板上に置いて押えて、試料を等しい量の3層に分けて詰めた。1層ごとに直径16mm、長さ500~600mmの先端が半球状の金属製丸棒で均した後、25回一様に突き、上面をスランプコーンの上端に併せて均した後、スランプコーンを静かに2~3秒掛けて鉛直に引き上げ、試料の中央部において下がりを0.5cm単位で測定したものをスランプ値、コンクリートの動きが止まった後の、広がりが最大と思われる直径と、これに直行する方向の直径とを測定し、それらの平均値をスランプフローとした。
空気量は、ボイルの法則に基づき、空気室圧力法にて測定した。水密で強固な円筒状容器であり、フランジ付きでふたと高圧化で密封される構造となっているものを使用し,ふたも同様に水密で充分強固なもので、注水口及び排水(気)口を備えたものとした。ふたの上部には、容器の約5%の内容量をもつ空気室があり、空気室は圧力調整弁、空気ハンドポンプ、圧力計及び作動弁を備えている。試料を容器の約1/3まで入れ、容器の底を突かないように、長さ500~600mmの先端が半球状の金属製丸棒で25回均等に突き、突き穴がなくなり、試料の表面に大きな泡が見えなくなるように、容器の側面を10~15回たたいた。さらに容器の約2/3まで試料を入れ、前回と同様の操作を繰り返し、最後に容器から少しあふれる程度に試料を入れ、同様の操作を繰り返した後、定規で余分な試料を掻きとって均し、試料表面と容器上面とを正しく一致させた。ふたを容器に取り付け、空気が漏れないように締め付けた後、注水口から注水し、ふたの裏面と水面との間の空気を追い出した。その後、全ての弁を閉じて空気室の圧力を上げ、指針を初圧力の目盛りに一致させ、作動弁を十分に開き、指針の空気量を確認することで空気量を測定した。
乾燥収縮試験はJIS A 1129:2001に準拠して以下のように行った。前記試験1-1と同様にコンクリート組成物を調製した。各コンクリート組成物の打設後、直ちに10×10×40cmの供試体を作製し、24時間後に脱型を行い、刻線を引いた後、20℃の水中で1週間養生を行った。その後、20℃、R.H.60%の恒温恒湿室で保存し乾燥収縮率の測定を行った。各実施例及び比較例の、乾燥材齢1週、4週、8週および13週の乾燥収縮率の結果を表6および表7に示す。また、各実施例及び比較例の、乾燥材齢13週における比較例1に対する乾燥収縮比を表6および表7に示す。中性化試験は、JIS A 1153-2003に準拠して以下のように行った。前記試験1-1で調製した各コンクリート組成物の打設後、直ちに10×10×40cmの供試体を作製し、24時間後に脱型を行い、20℃の水中で4週間養生を行い、その後、20℃、R.H.60%の恒温恒湿室で4週間保管した後、20℃、R.H.60%,炭酸ガス濃度5%の促進恒温恒湿室内で保存し、中性化深さを測定し、物質遮断性能を評価した。実施例及び比較例の、促進材齢13週の中性化深さを表6及び表7に示す。中性化深さが浅いほど物質遮断性能に優れるとされる。
凍結融解試験はJIS A 1148:2001(A法)に準拠して以下のように行った。前記試験1-1と同様にコンクリート組成物を調製した。各コンクリート組成物の打設後直ちに10×10×40cmの供試体を作製し、24時間後に脱型を行い、20℃の水中で4週間養生を行い、300サイクル(c)凍結融解試験を行い、耐久性指数を求めた。各実施例及び比較例の耐久性指数を表8および表9に示す。なお、一般に、コンクリート組成物の耐久性指数は60%以上であると、凍結融解抵抗性が良好とされている。
以下のようにしてコンクリート組成物を調製し、コンクリート試験のフレッシュ試験、乾燥収縮試験および中性化試験、ならびに凍結融解試験を行った。
表11に示すコンクリート調合条件で、普通ポルトランドセメント(密度=3.15g/cm3)、細骨材(陸砂、密度=2.58g/cm3)及び粗骨材(砕石20~05mm、密度=2.69g/cm3)を使用した。全区分で、(株)フローリック社製の高性能AE減水剤標準形フローリックSF500Sをセメント重量に対して1重量%添加した。目標スランプを18±2.5cmとし、空気量に関しては目標空気量を4.5±1.5%に設定し、目標空気量となるよう(株)フローリック社製のAE-4(主成分ロジン酸カリウム塩型界面活性剤)を使用し調整した。コンクリート製造後、表10に示す耐久性改善剤(実施例)または比較品(比較例)を表12および表13に示す量を混入した上、ミキサで攪拌し、コンクリート組成物を調製した。なお、表10中の、各成分の組成比率の数値は全て、重量での組成比率の数値である。また表11中のW/C、s/a、W、C、S及びGはそれぞれ、水セメント比、細骨材率、単位水量、単位セメント量、単位細骨材量及び単位粗骨材量を示す。
乾燥収縮試験はJIS A 1129:2001に準拠して以下のように行った。前記試験2-1と同様にコンクリート組成物を調製した。各コンクリート組成物の打設後、直ちに10×10×40cmの供試体を作製し、24時間後に脱型を行い、刻線を引いた後、20℃の水中で1週間養生を行い、その後、20℃、R.H.60%の恒温恒湿室で保存し乾燥収縮率の測定を行った。各実施例及び比較例の、乾燥材齢1週、4週、8週、13週および26週の乾燥収縮率の結果を表14および表15に示す。また、各実施例及び比較例の、乾燥材齢13週における比較例13に対する乾燥収縮比を表14および表15に示す。中性化試験は、試験2-1と同様にJIS A 1153-2003に準拠して以下のように行った。前記試験2-1で調製した各コンクリート組成物の打設後、直ちに10×10×40cmの供試体を作製し、24時間後に脱型を行い、20℃の水中で4週間養生を行い、その後、20℃、R.H.60%の恒温恒湿室で4週間保管した後、20℃、R.H.60%、炭酸ガス濃度5%の促進恒温恒湿室内で保存し、中性化深さを測定し、物質遮断性能を評価した。実施例及び比較例の、促進材齢13週の中性化深さを表14及び表15に示す。
凍結融解試験はJIS A 1148:2001(A法)に準拠して以下のように行った。前記試験2-1と同様にコンクリート組成物を調製した。各コンクリート組成物の打設後直ちに10×10×40cmの供試体を作製し、24時間後に脱型を行い、20℃の水中で4週間養生を行い、300サイクル(c)凍結融解試験を行い、耐久性指数を求めた。各実施例及び比較例の耐久性指数を表16および表17に示す。なお、一般に、コンクリート組成物の耐久性指数は60%以上であると、凍結融解抵抗性が良好とされている。
Claims (4)
- 平均分子量が150~600であり流動点が20℃以下である炭化水素系化合物を、有効成分として含有するセメント組成物用耐久性改善剤。
- さらに下記一般式(I)で示される化合物を含み、前記炭化水素系化合物と前記一般式(I)で示される化合物の比率が重量比で5/95~99/1である請求項1に記載のセメント組成物用耐久性改善剤。
R-O-(AO)n-H ・・・(I)
(式中、Rは水素又は炭素数1~8の炭化水素基であり、AOは炭素数2~4のオキシアルキレン基であり、nは1以上20以下の整数である。) - 請求項1または2に記載のセメント組成物用耐久性改善剤を含有するセメント組成物。
- 前記セメント組成物用耐久性改善剤の含有量が、前記セメント組成物の組成重量比率あたり0.02重量%~2重量%である請求項3に記載のセメント組成物。
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JP2013133261A (ja) * | 2011-12-27 | 2013-07-08 | Miyoshi Oil & Fat Co Ltd | セメント組成物用空気連行安定型体積変化抑制剤及びセメント組成物 |
US20150027348A1 (en) * | 2012-02-21 | 2015-01-29 | Chryso | Anti-filming surface-active agent |
US9796625B2 (en) * | 2012-02-21 | 2017-10-24 | Chryso | Anti-filming surface-active agent |
CN111499256A (zh) * | 2020-04-10 | 2020-08-07 | 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司铁道建筑研究所 | 一种二衬混凝土专用性能调节剂及其制备方法 |
JP7527178B2 (ja) | 2020-11-10 | 2024-08-02 | 太平洋マテリアル株式会社 | 耐凍害性混和剤、耐凍害性コンクリート、および耐凍害性コンクリートの製造方法 |
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JP5730758B2 (ja) | 2015-06-10 |
JPWO2010131707A1 (ja) | 2012-11-01 |
US20120097075A1 (en) | 2012-04-26 |
US8674058B2 (en) | 2014-03-18 |
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