WO2007097249A1 - 多孔性フィルム及び多孔性フィルムを用いた積層体 - Google Patents
多孔性フィルム及び多孔性フィルムを用いた積層体 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2007097249A1 WO2007097249A1 PCT/JP2007/052818 JP2007052818W WO2007097249A1 WO 2007097249 A1 WO2007097249 A1 WO 2007097249A1 JP 2007052818 W JP2007052818 W JP 2007052818W WO 2007097249 A1 WO2007097249 A1 WO 2007097249A1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- H05K1/0313—Organic insulating material
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- H05K1/036—Multilayers with layers of different types
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K1/00—Printed circuits
- H05K1/02—Details
- H05K1/03—Use of materials for the substrate
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K1/00—Printed circuits
- H05K1/02—Details
- H05K1/03—Use of materials for the substrate
- H05K1/0313—Organic insulating material
- H05K1/0353—Organic insulating material consisting of two or more materials, e.g. two or more polymers, polymer + filler, + reinforcement
- H05K1/0366—Organic insulating material consisting of two or more materials, e.g. two or more polymers, polymer + filler, + reinforcement reinforced, e.g. by fibres, fabrics
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K1/00—Printed circuits
- H05K1/02—Details
- H05K1/03—Use of materials for the substrate
- H05K1/0393—Flexible materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
- H05K2201/01—Dielectrics
- H05K2201/0104—Properties and characteristics in general
- H05K2201/0116—Porous, e.g. foam
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/10—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern
- H05K3/12—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using thick film techniques, e.g. printing techniques to apply the conductive material or similar techniques for applying conductive paste or ink patterns
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/10—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern
- H05K3/18—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using precipitation techniques to apply the conductive material
- H05K3/181—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using precipitation techniques to apply the conductive material by electroless plating
- H05K3/182—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using precipitation techniques to apply the conductive material by electroless plating characterised by the patterning method
- H05K3/185—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using precipitation techniques to apply the conductive material by electroless plating characterised by the patterning method by making a catalytic pattern by photo-imaging
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
- Y10T29/49117—Conductor or circuit manufacturing
- Y10T29/49124—On flat or curved insulated base, e.g., printed circuit, etc.
- Y10T29/49155—Manufacturing circuit on or in base
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24273—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including aperture
- Y10T428/24322—Composite web or sheet
- Y10T428/24331—Composite web or sheet including nonapertured component
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24802—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24802—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]
- Y10T428/24917—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.] including metal layer
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
- Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
- Y10T428/249978—Voids specified as micro
- Y10T428/249979—Specified thickness of void-containing component [absolute or relative] or numerical cell dimension
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a porous membrane laminate in which a porous layer having a large number of continuous micropores formed on at least one surface of a base material, a method for producing the same, a composite material using the same, and a composite material using the same It relates to a manufacturing method.
- This porous membrane laminate uses the pore characteristics of the porous layer as it is, or fills the pores with functional materials, so that it can be used for circuit boards, heat sinks (heat sinks, heat sinks), and electromagnetic wave shields.
- separators for batteries capacitors (paper capacitors, plastic film capacitors, ceramic capacitors, My power capacitors, electrolytic capacitors, etc.), low dielectric constant materials, separators, cushion materials, ink images It can be used as a wide range of substrate materials such as sheets, test papers, insulating materials, heat insulating materials, cell culture substrates, and catalyst substrates (catalyst carriers).
- substrate materials such as sheets, test papers, insulating materials, heat insulating materials, cell culture substrates, and catalyst substrates (catalyst carriers).
- the present invention also relates to a wiring board used in the fields of electricity, electronics, communication and the like and a manufacturing method thereof, in particular, a wiring board excellent in wiring adhesion and wiring delineability, a manufacturing method thereof, and the same field.
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a printed pattern useful for obtaining a printed matter such as a printed wiring board, and a printed matter obtained by the production method.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-143848 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-158798 include a resin, a good solvent and a poor solvent for the resin.
- An ink receiving sheet produced by forming a porous layer by converting a coating film containing a solvent into a dry layer is disclosed.
- Such a dry layer conversion method is a method in which the solvent contained in the coating film is volatilized to cause microphase separation. Therefore, the resin (high molecular compound) constituting the porous layer is a good solvent having a low boiling point.
- an intrinsically poorly soluble polymer compound having a large molecular weight there is a problem that it is not possible to use an intrinsically poorly soluble polymer compound having a large molecular weight.
- a subtractive method which is a typical method for manufacturing a printed wiring board
- a copper foil is laminated on an insulator
- a resist is coated on the copper foil
- a resist film is formed
- the resist film is formed on the resist film.
- pattern exposure is performed through a mask
- development is performed
- etching is performed
- the resist film is removed to obtain a wiring board (see Patent Documents 1 and 2).
- the surface of the copper foil on the side in contact with the insulator is usually roughened.
- the cross section of the wiring does not become a quadrangle at the center portion in the thickness direction of the copper foil during etching, and the cross section of the wiring does not become a square. Proceeding causes a problem that the wiring is cut or peeled off. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the thickness of the copper foil in order to increase the fine pitch. If the thickness of the copper foil is reduced, it becomes difficult to manufacture and handle the copper foil. Therefore, the current subtractive method It is said that there is a limit to the fine pitch wiring.
- a method of manufacturing a wiring board by printing a paste on a resin film such as a PET (polyethylene terephthalate) film or a PI (polyimide) film has been conventionally used.
- a resin film such as a PET (polyethylene terephthalate) film or a PI (polyimide) film.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- PI polyimide
- JP-A-5-85815 alumina powder, quartz glass powder, and calcium borosilicate glass powder are kneaded to produce a green sheet, and a conductor paste is printed thereon, followed by firing.
- a method for manufacturing a glass ceramic substrate is disclosed.
- the green sheet of the powder mixture is excellent in the printability of fine wiring, it requires a baking process at a temperature near 1000 ° C and is expensive, and the finished product is not flexible and brittle. was there.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-135090 discloses a method of forming a fine wiring by forming a groove pattern on the surface of a substrate by laser irradiation and then putting ink containing a conductive material into the groove pattern.
- this method has the disadvantages that a laser irradiation process is required and the productivity is low and the cost is high, an advanced technique for putting ink into the groove pattern is necessary, and the mass productivity is poor.
- Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-298253 discloses that an amine compound porous material having a particle group having a specific particle size is formed into a film for printing on a copper foil. Techniques for forming the formation are disclosed. However, since this technique coats particles, it cannot be used as a wiring material with weak film strength.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2000-143848
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-158798
- Patent Document 3 International Publication No. W098Z25997 Pamphlet
- Patent Document 4 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-243799
- Patent Document 5 Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2004-63575
- Patent Document 6 JP-A-5-85815
- Patent Document 7 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2006-135090
- Patent Document 8 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-298253 Disclosure of the invention
- An object of the present invention is to provide a porous film laminate having excellent pore characteristics, flexibility, handling properties and moldability, and a method for producing the same.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a composite material using a porous film laminate having the above-mentioned characteristics and a method for producing the same.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a wiring board having excellent wiring delineability as well as wiring adhesion.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a method capable of easily and efficiently producing a wiring board excellent in wiring delineability as well as wiring adhesion.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a printed matter excellent in fine line delineability.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a printed material that can be produced easily and inexpensively with high productivity, and has high strength and high fine line drawing ability.
- Still another object of the present invention is to provide a printed matter having excellent print depiction reproducibility in addition to the above characteristics.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a printing pattern manufacturing method capable of easily and efficiently manufacturing a printing pattern that is excellent in fine line delineability, and has high strength of a printed portion and high adhesion strength of printing and is not easily broken, and the manufacturing method. It is in providing the printed matter obtained by this. Means for solving the problem
- a conductive layer is formed on the surface of the porous film layer by a printing method, the wiring width and the pitch width can be extremely reduced, and a conductor wiring excellent in adhesion can be easily obtained.
- the printed porous film layer is dissolved in a solvent or a solvent and heat, and then the solvent is removed to form a densified layer.
- the solvent is removed to form a densified layer.
- a porous layer having a large number of communicating micropores on at least one surface of the base material and having an average pore diameter of 0.01 to LOm is laminated.
- the porous membrane laminate is a porous membrane laminate that does not cause interfacial peeling between the substrate and the porous layer by a tape peeling test based on the following method.
- a 24mm wide Teraoka Seisakusho masking tape [Film Masking Tape No.603 (# 25)] was applied to the porous layer surface of the porous film laminate, and after pressure bonding with a roller with a diameter of 30mm and a load of 200gf, a tensile tester was installed. Use this to perform T-type peeling at a peeling speed of 50 mmZ.
- the substrate may be a substrate having a large number of through holes or a metal foil substrate.
- the material constituting the substrate having many through holes include woven fabric, mesh cloth, punching film, wire netting, punching metal, expanded metal, and etching metal.
- the material constituting the metal foil substrate include copper foil, aluminum foil, iron foil, nickel foil, gold foil, silver foil, tin foil, zinc foil, and stainless steel foil.
- the porous membrane laminate of the present invention is formed on at least one surface of a base material by casting a polymer solution onto the base material in the form of a film, leading to a coagulation liquid, and then drying. It may be.
- the polymer solution is, for example, a mixed solution comprising 8 to 25% by weight of a polymer component, 5 to 50% by weight of a water-soluble polymer, 0 to 10% by weight of water, and 30 to 82% by weight of a water-soluble polar solvent. .
- the polymer component constituting the porous layer includes polyimide resin, polyamideimide resin, polyethersulfone resin, polyetherimide resin, and polycarbonate resin.
- Resin Polyphenylene sulfide resin, Liquid crystalline polyester resin, Aromatic polyamide resin, Polyamide resin, Polybenzoxazole resin, Polybenzoimidazole resin, Poly It may be at least one selected from the group consisting of benzothiazole-based resin, polysulfone-based resin, cellulose-based resin and acrylic-based resin, and the material constituting the base material is polyimide-based resin, polyamideimide -Based resin, polyethersulfone-based resin, polyetherimide-based resin, polycarbonate-based resin, polyphenylene sulfide-based resin, liquid crystal Polyester resin, aromatic polyamide resin, polyamide resin, polybenzoxazole resin, polybenzoimidazole resin, polybenzothiazole resin, polysulf
- the polymer component constituting the porous layer includes a polyimide resin, a polyamideimide resin, a polyetherimide resin, an aromatic polyamide resin, And at least one selected from polyamide-based resin, and the material constituting the base material is polyimide-based resin, polyamide-imide-based resin, polyetherimide-based resin, liquid crystalline polyester-based resin, aromatic It may be at least one selected from an aromatic polyamide-based resin, a polyethylene terephthalate-based resin, and a polyethylene naphthalate-based resin.
- the polymer component constituting the porous layer includes a polyimide resin, a polyamideimide resin, a polyetherimide resin, an aromatic polyamide resin, And at least one selected from polyamide-based resin, and the material constituting the base material having many through holes is woven fabric, mesh cloth, punching film, wire mesh, punching metal, expanded metal, and etching metal cover. Even at least one kind selected from Good.
- the polymer component constituting the porous layer further comprises a polyimide resin, a polyamideimide resin, a polyetherimide resin, an aromatic polyamide resin, And at least one selected from polyamide-based resin, and the material constituting the metal foil base material is copper foil, aluminum foil, iron foil, nickel foil, gold foil, silver foil, tin foil, zinc foil, and stainless steel foil. It may be at least one kind.
- the porous membrane molded article of the present invention has a porous layer thickness of, for example, about 0.1 to about LOO ⁇ m, and a porosity of the porous layer of, for example, about 30 to 80%.
- the thickness is about 1 to 300 ⁇ m, for example.
- a porous membrane molded body composed of a substrate having a large number of through-holes includes a filter, a battery separator, a capacitor separator, a fuel cell electrolyte membrane, or a catalyst carrier.
- the porous film formed body composed of a metal foil base material is preferably used as an electromagnetic wave control material, a circuit board, or a heat sink.
- the present invention also provides a method in which a polymer solution is cast onto a substrate in the form of a film, guided to a coagulation liquid, and then dried to laminate a porous layer on at least one side of the substrate.
- a method for producing a porous membrane laminate which obtains the porous membrane laminate of the present invention.
- the polymer solution may be a mixed solution composed of 8 to 25% by weight of a polymer component, 5 to 50% by weight of a water-soluble polymer, 0 to 10% by weight of water, and 30 to 82% by weight of a water-soluble polar solvent.
- the present invention provides a composite material obtained by laminating a metal plating layer and a Z or magnetic plating layer on the surface of at least one porous layer constituting the porous membrane laminate of the present invention.
- the composite material of the present invention can be used for, for example, a circuit board, a heat dissipation material, or an electromagnetic wave control material.
- the present invention is also a method for producing a composite material, wherein a composite material is obtained by laminating a metal plating layer on at least one porous layer surface constituting the porous membrane laminate of the present invention, A step of applying a photosensitive composition comprising a compound that generates a reactive group by light to the surface of the porous layer of the porous film laminate to provide a photosensitive layer; exposing the photosensitive layer through a mask; And a process for forming a conductive pattern by combining a reactive group generated in an exposed portion with a metal to form a conductive pattern.
- the present invention is a method for producing a composite material, wherein a composite material is obtained by laminating a metal plating layer on the surface of at least one porous layer constituting the porous membrane laminate of the present invention, A step of applying a photosensitive composition comprising a compound that loses a reactive group by light to the surface of the porous layer of the porous film laminate to provide a photosensitive layer; exposing the photosensitive layer through a mask; And a process for forming a conductor pattern by bonding a reactive group remaining in an unexposed area with a metal to provide a method for producing a composite material.
- the method for producing a composite material of the present invention may be a method for obtaining a composite material used for, for example, a circuit board, a heat dissipation material, or an electromagnetic wave control material.
- the present invention provides a composite material in which a conductor is formed on the surface of at least one porous layer constituting the porous film laminate of the present invention by a printing technique.
- the composite material include a circuit board, a heat sink, an electromagnetic wave control material, a battery member, and a capacitor member.
- the printing technology include inkjet printing, screen printing, dispenser printing, letterpress printing (flexographic printing), sublimation printing, offset printing, laser printer printing (toner printing), intaglio printing (gravure printing), and contact printing. And micro contact printing.
- the conductor include silver, gold, copper, nickel, ITO, carbon, and carbon nanotube.
- a conductor is formed on a porous surface by a printing technique using ink containing conductor particles!
- the average pore diameter of the porous layer surface layer is Rl and the average particle diameter of the conductor particles is R2, it is preferable that the formula: 0.001 ⁇ R2 / R1 ⁇ 1000 is satisfied.
- the conductor may be, for example, a structure coated with a plating or an insulating material. More preferably, the conductive material is silver, and the silver surface is coated with a plating or an insulating material. Examples of the plating include copper plating, gold plating, nickel plating, and the like.
- the composite material of the present invention includes, for example, those in which the pores of the porous layer are left as they are, those in which the pores of the porous layer are filled with resin, and the porous layer by solvent treatment In which the pore structure is lost.
- the resin filled in the pores of the porous layer include epoxy resin, oxetane resin, acrylic resin, butyl ether resin, polyimide
- the resin include polyester resin, polyester resin, and polyamideimide resin.
- the composite material may further include a cover lay laminated on the porous layer.
- the present invention also relates to a wiring board having a conductor wiring on at least one side of a porous film layer in which a large number of communicating micropores exist, and a cellophane adhesive tape [-Chiban Co., Ltd., product Provide a wiring board that does not lose wiring in the peeling test (180 ° peeling, peeling speed 50mmZ) using the name “Cellotape (registered trademark) No. 405”, width 24mm].
- the present invention also relates to a wiring board having a conductor wiring on at least one side of a porous film layer in which a large number of micropores having communication exists, and is a paper adhesive tape [trade name of Nichiban Co., Ltd. Providing a wiring board that does not lose wiring in a peel test using “paper adhesive tape No. 208, width 24 mm” (180 ° peel, peel speed 50 mmZ).
- the average pore diameter of the porous film layer is, for example, 0.01-10 ⁇ m.
- the present invention is also a wiring board having a conductor wiring on at least one side of a porous film layer in which a large number of micropores having communication exists, and the average pore diameter of the porous film layer is 0.01 to :
- a wiring board having LO / zm and having conductor wiring formed by a printing method is also a wiring board having LO / zm and having conductor wiring formed by a printing method.
- the porosity of the porous film layer is, for example, 30 to 80%.
- the thickness of the porous film layer is, for example, 0.1 to L00 m.
- the porous film layer is preferably a layer made of rosin.
- the porous film layer is mainly composed of at least one type of resin selected from polyamideimide resin, polyetherimide resin, polycarbonate resin, polyethersulfone resin, and polyimide resin. It includes a layer that can be used as a material.
- the porous film layer includes a porous resin film layer formed by a phase change method.
- the porous film layer is obtained by casting a solution prepared by dissolving the material constituting the porous film layer and a water-soluble polymer in a polar solvent onto the substrate in the form of a film so that the atmosphere has a relative humidity of 70 to 100%. It is preferable that the porous film has a porous film force that is prepared by holding for 0.2 to 15 minutes in an atmosphere and immersing it in a coagulating liquid of non-solvent power of the material, followed by drying and solvent removal.
- the porous film layer may be V formed on one side or both sides of a dense layer substantially having no pores.
- the conductor wiring is formed by the printing method! [0041]
- the present invention further relates to a method for manufacturing the above-mentioned wiring board, wherein there are a large number of micropores having communication properties, and at least one surface of a porous film layer having an average pore diameter of 0.01 to 10 m.
- the porous film layer may be a resin layer formed by a phase change method.
- the conductor wiring may be formed on the surface of the porous film layer having an average pore diameter of 0.01 to 10 m formed on one side or both sides of the dense layer substantially having no holes.
- the conductor wiring can be formed on the surface of the porous film layer by a printing method.
- the conductor wiring may be formed by (1) applying the conductive ink to the surface of the porous film layer by an ink jet method. (2) Applying the conductive ink to a plate having irregularities in the wiring pattern. However, it may be formed by transferring it to the surface of the porous film layer.
- It may also be formed by extruding and drawing a conductive paste on the surface of the porous film layer with a syringe force.
- the conductive paste may be drawn on the surface of the porous film layer by screen printing. Additional plating may be applied to the conductor wiring thus formed.
- the conductor wiring may also be formed by (5) printing a plating catalyst in a wiring pattern on the surface of the porous film layer by an ink jet method, and then applying the plating.
- Wiring pattern It may be formed by applying a plating catalyst to a plate with irregularities formed in a diamond shape, transferring it to the surface of the porous film layer, and then applying the plating.
- On the surface of the porous film layer The metal catalyst may also be formed by extruding the syringe force into a wiring pattern and then applying the plating.
- the metal catalyst is formed on the surface of the porous film layer by screen printing. After drawing, it may be formed by applying a texture.
- the present invention is a printed matter in which a print having a linear part having an average line width of 10 to 1000 ⁇ m and a length of 500 m or more is applied to the surface of the porous film layer, ), A printed matter (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as “printed matter 1 of the present invention”) is provided.
- LAve is the average line width in the straight part of 500 ⁇ m in length
- LMax is the maximum line width in the straight part of 500 ⁇ m in length
- LMin is the maximum line width in the straight part of 500 m in length.
- the present invention is also a printed material on which the surface of the porous film layer is printed having a linear portion having an average line width of 10 to 1000 ⁇ m and a length of 500 m or more.
- the printed matter (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as “printed matter 2 of the present invention”) is characterized in that the standard deviation ⁇ of the line width represented by) is 7 or less.
- LAve is the average line width in a 500 ⁇ m long straight line
- LMax is the maximum line width in the 500 ⁇ m long straight line
- LMin is the minimum line width in the 500 m long straight line.
- the present invention is a printed matter printed on the surface of the porous film layer using a plate, and the ratio between the opening width L1 of the plate and the corresponding printing width L2 after printing (L2ZL1)
- a printed matter hereinafter referred to as “printed matter 3 of the present invention” in some cases) characterized in that is 0.8 to 1.2 is provided.
- Each of the printed materials includes (i) a liquid whose main solvent is such that the contact angle on the surface of the porous film layer is 60 ° or less within 300 seconds after dropping on the surface of the porous film layer.
- Printed material printed using printing ink or paste (ii) The contact angle on the surface of the porous film layer is within 60 sec after dropping 1 ⁇ l droplet on the surface of the porous film layer.
- Viscosity is 0.05 Includes prints printed with ⁇ lPa's printing ink or paste. These printed matter may be printed by extruding a paste through a screen mesh or a metal mask.
- the average pore diameter of the porous film layer is, for example, 0.01 to: LO ⁇ m
- the porosity of the porous film layer is, for example, 30 to 80%
- the thickness of the porous film layer is For example, 0.1 to 100 ⁇ m.
- the porous film layer may be a layer made of rosin.
- the resin constituting the porous film layer is preferably a heat-resistant resin.
- Polyamideimide resin, polyetherimide resin, polycarbonate resin, polyethersulfone as heat resistant resin A resin selected from the group consisting of system oils can be used.
- the porous film layer is preferably a porous resin film layer formed by a phase change method.
- the porous film layer is obtained by casting a solution in which the material constituting the porous film layer and a water-soluble polymer in a polar solvent are cast into a film on a substrate in an atmosphere with a relative humidity of 70 to 100%. It may be a layer made of a porous film prepared by holding for 2 to 15 minutes, dipping in a coagulating liquid made of a non-solvent of the material, and then drying and removing the solvent.
- the printed matter includes a printed wiring board.
- the present invention includes (1) a step of printing on the porous film layer, (2A) a step of contacting the printed porous film layer with a solvent, and (3A) a step of drying the solvent.
- the method for producing a printed pattern including the step of forming a densified layer by passing through (hereinafter, also referred to as “printed pattern producing method 1 of the present invention”) is provided.
- the present invention also includes (1) a step of printing the porous film layer, (2B) a step of thermally melting the printed porous film layer, and (3B) densification by cooling and solidification.
- a printed pattern manufacturing method (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “print pattern manufacturing method 2 of the present invention”) is provided.
- the ratio F2ZF1 between the tensile strength F2 of the densified layer obtained by cooling and solidifying in the step (3B) and the tensile strength F1 of the porous film layer used in the step (1) is greater than 1. Is preferred
- step (3) the water is dropped on the surface of the porous film layer used in step (1), the contact angle ⁇ after 1000 seconds has elapsed after the water is dropped, and the solvent is dried in step (3A).
- the ratio of contact angle ⁇ after 1000 c to ⁇ ⁇ is less than 0.6, and in step (3A)
- the ratio ⁇ ⁇ is preferably greater than 0.6.
- Examples of the printing method include inkjet method, screen printing, offset printing, sublimation method, thermal method, gravure printing, laser printing, paste printing, and nanocontact printing.
- the average pore diameter of the porous film layer is, for example, 0.01 to: L0 ⁇ m
- the porosity of the porous film layer is, for example, 30 to 80%
- the thickness of the porous film layer is For example, 0.1 to 100 ⁇ m.
- the porous film layer may be a layer made of rosin.
- the resin constituting the porous film layer is preferably a heat-resistant resin.
- a resin selected from the group consisting of polyamideimide-based resins, polyetherimide-based resins, polycarbonate-based resins and polyethersulfonate-based resins can be used.
- the porous film layer is preferably a porous resin film layer formed by a phase change method.
- the porous film layer is obtained by casting a solution in which the material constituting the porous film layer and a water-soluble polymer in a polar solvent are cast into a film on a substrate in an atmosphere with a relative humidity of 70 to 100%. It may be a layer made of a porous film prepared by holding for 2 to 15 minutes, dipping in a coagulating liquid made of a non-solvent of the material, and then drying and removing the solvent.
- the present invention also provides a printed matter on which a printing pattern is formed by the above-described printing pattern manufacturing method.
- Such printed matter includes a printed wiring board.
- the porous membrane laminate of the present invention has a porous layer comprising a large number of micropores, so that it has excellent flexibility and excellent pore characteristics, and the porous layer backs the substrate. Therefore, even if it has a porosity, it can exhibit sufficient strength, and is extremely excellent in folding resistance and handleability. According to the present invention, it is possible to stably produce a porous film laminate having the above characteristics and uniform film quality by a simple method.
- the porous membrane laminate thus obtained has the above characteristics, it has a low dielectric constant material, a filter, a separator, a fuel cell electrolyte membrane, a catalyst substrate (catalyst carrier), a cushion material, an ink image receiving sheet, a test paper, Insulation
- a filter a separator
- a fuel cell electrolyte membrane a catalyst substrate (catalyst carrier)
- a catalyst substrate catalyst carrier
- a cushion material an ink image receiving sheet
- an ink image receiving sheet a test paper
- Insulation Insulation
- the wiring board of the present invention is a wiring board having conductor wiring on at least one side of a porous film layer in which a large number of micropores (continuous microholes) having communication properties are present uniformly.
- peel test 180 ° peel, peel speed 50 mm Z
- cellophane adhesive tape [-Chiban Co., Ltd., trade name “Cello Tape (registered trademark) No. 405”, width 24 mm]
- a cellophane adhesive tape having the same adhesive strength (4.OONZlOmm) can be used instead of the “Cerotape (registered trademark) No. 405” as the cellophane adhesive tape. .
- the porous film layer is printed, the solvent in the printing ink or paste is quickly absorbed into the pores, and the viscosity of the ink increases and the fluidity is lost.
- printing excellent in fine line delineation is possible, and after printing, the porous film layer is dissolved with a solvent or a solvent and heat and then the solvent is removed, so that the porous film layer is dense.
- the strength of the printed part and the adhesion strength of the printing can be improved, and the absorption of liquids such as water can be prevented.
- the porous film layer is densified, the gas resistance and scratch resistance are also improved. As a result, the reliability of printed materials including wiring boards can be improved.
- the porous membrane laminate of the present invention has a configuration in which a porous layer is laminated on at least one surface of a base material, and the base material and the porous layer do not cause interfacial peeling by a tape peel test. Yes.
- a 24mm wide Teraoka Seisakusho masking tape [Film Masking Tape No.603 (# 25)] was applied to the porous layer surface of the porous membrane laminate, and a roller with a diameter of 30mm and 2 OOgf load was used.
- T at a peeling speed of 50 mmZ min using a tensile tester Performed by mold release. That is, it means that the base material and the porous layer are laminated with an interlayer adhesion strength that does not cause interface peeling in the tape peeling test.
- the porous membrane laminate of the present invention has a configuration in which the base material and the porous layer are directly laminated with a specific interlayer adhesion strength, so that flexibility and excellent pore characteristics are obtained.
- the handleability is improved due to the appropriate rigidity.
- the polymer component constituting the porous layer can be widely selected, there is an advantage that it can be applied as a material in various fields.
- the interlayer adhesion strength between the substrate and the porous layer can be adjusted by appropriately setting the physical properties of the interface of the type of material constituting each layer.
- the material constituting the base material is not particularly limited as long as it does not cause interfacial peeling from the porous layer by the above tape peeling test. It can be selected as appropriate.
- the material constituting the base material include polyimide resin, polyamideimide resin S, polyethersulfone resin, polyetherimide resin, polycarbonate resin, polyphenylene sulfide resin, Liquid crystalline polyester resin, aromatic polyamide resin, polyamide resin, polybenzoxazole resin, polybenzomidol resin, polybenzothiazole resin, polysulfone resin, Cellulose resin, acrylic resin, polyethylene terephthalate resin, polyethylene naphthalate resin, polybutylene terephthalate resin, polyether ether ketone resin, fluorine resin, olefin resin ( And a plastic such as a polyarylate-based resin).
- copolymers of the above resins may be used alone or in admixture of two or more, and copolymers of the above resins (graft polymer, block copolymer, random copolymer, etc.) may be used alone or in combination. Can also be used.
- a polymer containing the above resin skeleton (polymer chain) in the main chain or side chain can also be used. Specific examples of such a polymer include a polysiloxane-containing polyimide containing a polysiloxane and polyimide skeleton in the main chain.
- the substrate in the present invention commercially available films and the like exemplified below can also be used.
- polyimide-based resin films “Kapton” manufactured by Toray DuPont Co., Ltd., “Abical” manufactured by Kanechi Co., Ltd., “Upilex” manufactured by Ube Industries, Ltd., etc. are commercially available.
- Teijin DuPont film as polyethylene terephthalate film “Tizin Tetron Film”, “Melinex”, “Mylar”, etc. manufactured by the company are commercially available.
- As the polyethylene naphthalate-based resin film “Teonex” manufactured by Teijin DuPont Films Ltd. is commercially available.
- the most widely used film as the olefin-based resin film is a polypropylene film, and a commercially available film can be easily obtained.
- a film made of cyclic olefin-based resin having a ring structure can be used, for example, “TPX” manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, “Zeonor” manufactured by Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd., Polyplastics Co., Ltd.
- Commercially available resin such as “TOPAS” manufactured by the company can be used as a film.
- a base material in which an adhesive layer is formed on one side of the base material can also be used.
- an electric machine electronic tape commercially available from Teraoka Seisakusho can be mentioned. “Kapton adhesive tape”, “PPS film adhesive tape”, “PEI film adhesive tape”, “PEN film adhesive tape”, “polyester film adhesive tape”, etc. can be used.
- a substrate having a large number of through holes may be used as the substrate, such as a metal foil substrate.
- the “substrate having a through hole” means a substrate having a hole penetrating in a direction substantially perpendicular to the plane of the substrate.
- the base material having a large number of through holes is not particularly limited as long as a large number of through holes are formed and interface peeling with the porous layer does not occur in the tape peeling test.
- Examples of the material constituting the base material having many through holes include plastic films or sheets such as woven fabric, nonwoven fabric, mesh cloth, and punching film; metal foil such as wire mesh, punching metal, expanded metal, and etching metal. Or a sheet
- a mesh cloth having a fine and regular structure is preferably used.
- Nonwoven fabrics are also preferably used because of their relatively low cost.
- Examples of the woven fabric include natural fibers such as cotton fibers and silk fibers; glass fibers, PEEK fibers, A woven fabric formed by combining one or two types selected from an aromatic polyamide fiber, a resin fiber such as polybenzoxazole fiber (Zylon, etc.), a force, a bon fiber, and a same force.
- natural fibers such as cotton fibers and silk fibers
- glass fibers PEEK fibers
- nonwoven fabric examples include natural fibers such as cotton, wool, hemp, pulp, silk, and mineral fibers; rayon, nylon, polyester, polypropylene, acrylic fibers, vinylon, aramid fibers, liquid crystalline polyester (LCP), and the like.
- the type of resin constituting the base material of the nonwoven fabric can be selected according to heat resistance, chemical resistance, strength, cost, and the like.
- the mesh cloth has mesh openings (micron number of gap size between yarns), thread diameter (micron number of thread thickness), mesh (number of yarns per inch), eyes There are various part numbers depending on the opening ratio (percentage of the opening part relative to the whole mesh), thickness (micron number of mesh thickness), etc. There are various mesh cloth weaving methods, including ASTM (American Industrial Standard), DIN (German Industrial Standard), HD, XX, GG, HC & P, and Schlinger. Among these, those having physical properties according to the purpose can be appropriately selected and used.
- Examples of the punching film include those in which holes such as a circle, a square, a rectangle and an ellipse are formed by applying a punching force to a film such as PET or polyimide.
- wire mesh a commercially available plain weave wire mesh, twill wire mesh, flat tatami wire mesh, twill woven wire mesh, or the like can be used.
- the material include iron, stainless steel, copper, and nickel.
- Examples of the punching metal include those in which holes such as a circle, a square, a rectangle, and an ellipse are formed by applying a punching force to a metal foil or sheet.
- Examples of the material include iron, aluminum, stainless steel, copper, and titanium.
- Examples of expanded metal include JIS standard shapes. For example, there are X S63, XS42 flat, etc. Examples of the material include iron, aluminum, and stainless steel.
- the substrate having a large number of through holes can be produced by a conventional method according to the material such as a processing method such as etching, punching, or laser irradiation.
- the base material having a large number of such through holes there is an advantage that it can be laminated with excellent interlayer adhesion strength by applying a polymer solution to the surface and laminating the porous layer.
- the average pore diameter (opening: size of the gap between the wires) on the surface of the base material for example, 30 to 1000 ⁇ m, preferably 40 to 200
- the surface opening ratio (opening ratio: the ratio of the opening portion to the entire mesh) is, for example, 20 to 70%, preferably about 25 to 60%.
- the surface area ratio is about 20 to 80%, preferably about 30 to 70%. If the numerical value of the surface open area ratio is too low, the permeability of gas or liquid is deteriorated. If the numerical value is too high, the strength tends to decrease and the handling property tends to be inferior.
- the surface area ratio is about 20 to 80%, preferably about 25 to 70%. If the surface area ratio is too low, the permeability of gas or liquid is poor, and if the value is too high, the strength tends to decrease and the handling property tends to be inferior.
- the surface area ratio is about 20 to 80%, preferably about 25 to 70%.
- the surface porosity is too low, the permeability of gas or liquid is poor, and when the value is too high, the strength tends to decrease and the handleability tends to be inferior.
- the substrate may be a single layer or a composite film composed of a plurality of layers having the same or different material strength.
- the composite film may be a laminated film obtained by laminating a plurality of films using an adhesive or the like, if necessary, or may be obtained by a treatment such as coating, vapor deposition, or sputtering.
- an adhesive layer may be formed on the surface opposite to the surface on which the porous layer is laminated.
- a protective film (release film) may be affixed on the adhesive layer for easy handling.
- the adhesive layer is porous After forming the layer, it may be formed on the opposite surface of the substrate, or a porous layer may be formed on the opposite surface of the substrate having the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer formed on one side.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer may be formed by coating, or a pressure-sensitive adhesive film may be attached. Alternatively, a method of attaching a double-sided tape may be used.
- the base material in the present invention has very little or no film quality change such as dissolution or severe deformation of the film when the polymer solution (coating liquid) used for forming the porous layer is applied. Those are preferred.
- non-woven fabrics include polypropylene nonwoven fabric (trade name “FC-310”) manufactured by Japan Vilene, polyester nonwoven fabric (trade name “MF-80:”); aramid nonwoven fabric manufactured by DuPont Teijin Advanced Paper. (Product name “Nometas” type 410, Type 411, Type 414, Type 418, etc.); Kuraray liquid crystalline polyester (LCP) non-woven fabric (Product name “Veculus” MBB K—CKJ type, MBBK—KJ type, etc. ) Etc. are sold. There are many types of mesh cloths manufactured by SEFAR depending on the type of resin used.
- Polyester mesh cloth (trade name “PETEX”), nylon mesh cloth (trade name “ NYTAL ”), carbon mesh cloth (trade name“ CARBOTEX ”), Teflon (registered trademark) mesh cloth (trade name“ FLUORTEX ”), polypropylene mesh cloth (trade name“ PROPYLTE X ”), silk mesh cloth (trade name“ SIL ”) : ”) Etc., polyethylene mesh cloth etc. are commercially available.
- the type of resin constituting the substrate such as mesh cloth can be selected according to heat resistance and chemical resistance.
- the substrate roughening treatment, easy adhesion treatment, antistatic treatment, sandblast treatment (sandmat treatment), corona discharge treatment, plasma treatment, chemical etching treatment, water mat treatment, flame treatment, acid treatment, Commercially available products that have been subjected to surface treatment such as alkali treatment, oxidation treatment, ultraviolet irradiation treatment, silane coupling agent treatment, etc. may also be used. Examples of such a substrate include carbon-coated nylon nylon polyester mesh cloth.
- a substrate for a substrate, first, corona discharge treatment, plasma treatment, flame treatment, acid treatment, alkali treatment, acid treatment
- a method of performing a silane coupling agent treatment after performing any treatment such as treatment or ultraviolet irradiation treatment can be used.
- the above method may be enhanced in comparison with the silane coupling agent single treatment, and a high effect can be expected particularly with a polyimide base material.
- the silane coupling agent include products manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. and Japan Energy Company.
- the material constituting the metal foil base material is not particularly limited as long as the base material can be formed without causing interfacial peeling from the porous layer by the tape peeling test, and the material constituting the porous layer. It can be appropriately selected depending on the situation.
- Examples of the material constituting the metal foil substrate include copper foil, aluminum foil, iron foil, nickel foil, gold foil, silver foil, tin foil, zinc foil, and stainless steel foil. These materials can be used alone or in admixture of two or more.
- the metal foil substrate may be a single layer or a composite film composed of a plurality of layers having the same or different material strength.
- the composite metal foil may be a laminated film obtained by laminating a plurality of metal foils using an adhesive or the like, if necessary, and may be obtained by processing such as coating, vapor deposition, and snotter.
- an adhesive layer is formed on the surface opposite to the surface when the porous layer is laminated, and V may be used.
- a protective film release film may be affixed on the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer for easy handling.
- the metal foil substrate of the present invention does not cause changes in film quality such as dissolution or severe deformation of the film when a polymer solution (coating solution) used for forming the porous layer is applied. Less preferred, something.
- metal foil substrate in the present invention commercially available film-like metal foils exemplified below can also be used.
- electrolytic copper foil (variety: HTE, VP, HS, SV) manufactured by Fukuda Metal Foil Powder Co., Ltd., rolled copper foil (variety: RCF, RCF—AN), Mitsui Metal Mining Co., Ltd. Made of electrolytic copper foil (variety: HTE, VLP), rolled copper foil manufactured by Nihon Foil Co., Ltd. are commercially available!
- the aluminum foil those manufactured by Fukuda Metal Foil Powder Co., Ltd., those manufactured by Nippon Foil Co., Ltd., and products manufactured by Sumi Light Aluminum Foil Co., Ltd. are commercially available.
- iron foil one manufactured by Toho Zinc Co., Ltd. is commercially available!
- a metal foil with a pressure-sensitive adhesive coated on one side can be used, and commercially available products having the above-described configuration include copper foil pressure-sensitive adhesive tapes, aluminum foil pressure-sensitive adhesive tapes, stainless steel, stainless steel, etc.
- Foil adhesive tape, conductive copper foil adhesive tape, conductive aluminum foil adhesive tape, shield adhesive tape (conductive cloth adhesive tape), etc. are available. You can also use non-commercial products such as Nitoms' stainless steel tape.
- metal foil base materials roughening, easy adhesion treatment, antistatic treatment, sand blast treatment (sand mat treatment), corona discharge treatment, plasma treatment, chemical etching treatment, water mat treatment, flame treatment, acid treatment
- surface treatments such as alkali treatment and oxidation treatment may be applied, and commercially available products with such surface treatment can also be used.
- a metal foil base material for example, a copper foil subjected to a rough wrinkle treatment or the like can be mentioned.
- the thickness of the metal foil base is, for example, 1 to 300 ⁇ m, preferably 5 to 200 ⁇ m, and more preferably 5 to LOO / z m. If the thickness is too thin, handling becomes difficult, while if it is too thick, flexibility may be reduced.
- the commercially available base materials exemplified above have a thickness of 9 m, 12 m, 18 m, 35 m, 70 m, etc., and any of them can be used for IJ.
- the porous layer is composed mainly of, for example, a polymer component.
- the polymer component constituting the porous layer is not particularly limited as long as it can form a metal foil base material that does not cause interfacial peeling from the porous layer by the tape peel test, and the material constituting the metal foil base material It can be selected appropriately according to the situation.
- the polymer component include a polyimide resin, a polyamideimide resin, a polyethersulfone resin, a polyetherimide resin, a polycarbonate resin, a polyphenylene sulfide resin, and a liquid crystal.
- Polyester resin aromatic polyamide resin, polyamide resin, polybenzoxazole resin, polybenzoimidazole resin, polybenzothiazole resin, polysulfone resin, cellulose
- plastics such as system resin and acrylic resin.
- These polymer components may be used alone or in admixture of two or more, and copolymers of the above resins (graft polymers, block copolymers, random copolymers, etc.) may be used alone. Or they can be used in combination.
- graft polymers, block copolymers, random copolymers, etc. may be used alone. Or they can be used in combination.
- polysiloxane-containing polyimide containing a skeleton of polysiloxane and polyimide in the main chain examples include polysiloxane-containing polyimide containing a skeleton of polysiloxane and polyimide in the main chain.
- a polyamide-based resin having heat resistance, thermoforming, excellent mechanical strength, chemical resistance, and electrical properties is polyamideimide-based resin or polyimide-based resin.
- Polyamideimide-based resin can be usually produced by imidization after polymerization by reaction of trimellitic anhydride and diisocyanate, or by reaction of trimellitic anhydride chloride and diamine.
- the polyimide-based resin can be produced, for example, by obtaining a polyamic acid by a reaction between a tetracarboxylic acid component and a diamine component and further imidizing it.
- a porous layer is made of polyimide resin, the solubility becomes worse when imidized, so a porous film is first formed at the polyamic acid stage and then imidized (thermal imidization, chemical imidization, etc.) )
- thermal imidization, chemical imidization, etc. etc.
- the substrate may be a single layer or a composite film composed of a plurality of layers having the same or different material strength.
- the composite film may be a laminated film obtained by laminating a plurality of films using an adhesive or the like, if necessary, or may be obtained by a treatment such as coating, vapor deposition, or sputtering.
- the base material in the present invention has very little or no film quality change such as dissolution or severe deformation of the film when the polymer solution (coating liquid) used for forming the porous layer is applied. Those are preferred.
- the base material easy adhesion treatment, antistatic treatment, sand blast treatment (sand mat treatment) corona discharge treatment, plasma treatment, chemical etching treatment, water mat treatment, flame treatment, acid treatment, alkali treatment, oxidation treatment
- surface treatments such as ultraviolet irradiation treatment and silane coupling agent treatment may be used, and commercially available products with such surface treatment can also be used.
- a substrate include a PET film subjected to an easy adhesion treatment or an antistatic treatment, a plasma treated polyimide film, and the like.
- the substrate is first subjected to any treatment such as corona discharge treatment, plasma treatment, flame treatment, acid treatment, alkali treatment, oxidation treatment, ultraviolet irradiation treatment and the like, followed by silane coupling agent treatment.
- Etc. can be used.
- the above method may be reinforced in comparison with the single treatment of the silane coupling agent, especially for polyimide base materials. The effect can be expected.
- the silane coupling agent include products manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. and Japan Energy Company.
- the thickness of the substrate is, for example, 1 to 300 ⁇ m, preferably 5 to 200 ⁇ m, and more preferably 5 to 100 / z m. If the thickness is too thin, handling becomes difficult. On the other hand, if it is too thick, flexibility may be reduced.
- Commercially available base materials exemplified above have thicknesses of 12 / ⁇ ⁇ , 12.5 / ⁇ ⁇ , 25 ⁇ m, 50 ⁇ m, 75m, 125m, etc., all for ⁇ lj it can
- the thickness of the substrate having many through holes is, for example, 1 to: LOOO ⁇ m, preferably 5 to 200 ⁇ m, more preferably 5: LOO ⁇ m. If the thickness of the substrate having a large number of through holes becomes too thin, handling becomes difficult. On the other hand, if it is too thick, the flexibility may be lowered.
- the porous layer is mainly composed of, for example, a polymer component.
- the polymer component constituting the porous layer is not particularly limited as long as it can form a base material that does not cause interfacial peeling from the porous layer by the tape peeling test, and is appropriately selected according to the material constituting the substrate. it can.
- the polymer component include polyimide resin, polyamideimide resin, polyethersulfone resin, polyetherimide resin, polycarbonate resin, polyurethane resin, liquid crystalline Polyester resin, aromatic polyamide resin, polyamide resin, polybenzoxazole resin, polybenzoimidazole resin, polybenzothiazole resin, polysulfone resin, cellulose Examples thereof include plastics such as resin and acrylic resin.
- polymer components may be used alone or in admixture of two or more.
- a copolymer of the above resin such as a graft polymer, a block copolymer, a random copolymer
- a polymer containing the above-mentioned skeleton (polymer chain) of the resin in the main chain or side chain include polysiloxane-containing polyimide containing a polysiloxane and polyimide skeleton in the main chain.
- polyamideimide-based resin having heat resistance, thermoforming, excellent mechanical strength, chemical resistance, and electrical properties
- polyimide-type resin as a main component
- Polyamideimide resin is In general, it can be produced by imidization after polymerization by reaction of trimellitic anhydride and diisocyanate, or by reaction of trimellitic anhydride chloride and diamine.
- Polyimide-based resin can be produced, for example, by obtaining polyamic acid by a reaction between a tetracarboxylic acid component and a diamine component and further imidizing it.
- the porous layer is composed of a polyimide-based resin
- solubility becomes worse when imidized. Therefore, after forming a porous film at the polyamic acid stage, imidization (thermal imidization, chemical imidization, etc.) ) Is often done.
- the thickness of the porous layer is, for example, 0.1 to: LOO ⁇ m, preferably 0.5 to 70 ⁇ m, and more preferably 1 to 50 m. If the thickness is too thin, it becomes difficult to produce stably, whereas if it is too thick, it is difficult to uniformly control the pore size distribution.
- the thickness of the porous layer is, for example, 0.1 to 1000 m, preferably 0.5 to 500 m, and more preferably 1 to 200 m. . If the thickness is too thin, it becomes difficult to produce stably, whereas if it is too thick, it becomes difficult to uniformly control the pore size distribution.
- the porous membrane laminate of the present invention is laminated with a degree of interlayer adhesion such that interfacial delamination does not occur in the above tape delamination test in which the substrate and the porous layer do not pass through other layers.
- Means for improving the adhesion between the substrate and the porous layer include, for example, sandblast treatment (sand mat treatment) corona discharge treatment, acid treatment, alkali treatment on the surface of the substrate on which the porous layer is laminated.
- silane coupling agent those exemplified above can be used.
- the surface treatment is preferably performed by combining a silane coupling agent treatment and other treatments depending on the substrate that may be applied in combination.
- the porous membrane laminate of the present invention has, for example, a polymer component constituting the porous layer comprising a polyimide resin, a polyamideimide resin, At least selected from polyetherimide resin, aromatic polyamide resin, and polyamide resin
- the material constituting the base material is a polyimide resin, a polyamideimide resin, a polyesterimide resin, a liquid crystalline polyester resin, an aromatic polyamide resin, a polyethylene terephthalate resin. It is preferably composed of at least one selected from polyethylene naphthalate-based rosins.
- the material constituting the substrate Z porous layer is polyimide Z polyimide, polyamide imide Z polyimide, polyimide Z polyamide imide, polyether imide Z polyimide, polyimide Z polyether imide, It includes laminates with a combination of polyamideimide Z polyetherimide, polyetherimide z polyamideimide, and the like.
- the porous membrane laminate of the present invention has, for example, a polymer component that constitutes the porous layer containing a polyimide-based resin.
- a material constituting a base material having a large number of through-holes is at least one selected from polyamideimide resin, polyetherimide resin, aromatic polyamide resin, and polyamide resin. It is preferably composed of at least one selected from non-woven fabric, mesh cloth, punching film, wire mesh, punching metal, expanded metal and etching metal card.
- the porous membrane laminate of the present invention is
- the polymer component constituting the porous layer is at least one selected from a polyimide-based resin, a polyamide-imide resin, a polyetherimide-based resin, an aromatic polyamide-based resin, and a polyamide-based resin.
- the metal foil base material is preferably made of at least one selected from copper foil, aluminum foil, iron foil, nickel foil, gold foil, silver foil, tin foil, zinc foil, and stainless steel foil. ⁇ .
- the average pore diameter of the micropores is preferably 0.05 to 5 / ⁇ ⁇ . If the average pore diameter is out of the above range, the pore characteristics are inferior in that it is difficult to obtain a desired effect according to the application. Decrease, decrease in insulation and heat insulation, etc. If it is too large, ink may diffuse or it may be difficult to form fine wiring.
- the average porosity (porosity) inside the porous film is, for example, 30 to 80%, preferably 40 to 80%, and more preferably 45 to 80%.
- porosity is out of the above range, it is difficult to obtain desired pore characteristics corresponding to the application. For example, if the porosity is too low, the dielectric constant increases, the cushioning performance decreases, the ink The desired effect may not be obtained even if it does not penetrate, the heat insulation is reduced, or the functional material is filled. If the porosity is too high, the strength may be inferior in folding resistance. There is sex.
- the surface area porosity (surface area ratio) of the porous film is, for example, 48% or more (for example, 48 to 80%), and preferably about 60 to 80%. If the surface area ratio is too low, the permeation performance may not be sufficient or may occur. In addition, even if the pores are filled with a functional material, the function may not be fully exhibited. Tends to decrease.
- the porous layer can be formed on both sides as long as it is formed on at least one side of the substrate.
- porous film laminates that have low porosity, cushioning properties, ink image receiving properties, heat insulating properties, etc. are provided on both sides by virtue of their pore characteristics. Can be obtained.
- a chemical resistance imparting treatment may be applied to the porous layer.
- chemical resistance imparting treatment By imparting chemical resistance to the porous membrane laminate, it is possible to prevent problems such as delamination, swelling, dissolution, and alteration when it comes in contact with solvents, acids, alkalis, etc. in various usage forms of the porous membrane laminate. This is advantageous in that it can be avoided.
- the porous layer may be coated with a chemical-resistant polymer.
- a porous membrane laminate can constitute a laminate having chemical resistance, for example, by forming a chemical resistant coating on the surface of the porous layer or the surface of the internal micropores.
- the chemical is a known chemical that dissolves, swells, shrinks, and decomposes the resin constituting the conventional porous film to reduce the function as the porous film,
- specific examples of such chemicals include dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF), N, N-dimethylacetate.
- the chemical-resistant polymer compound is not particularly limited as long as it has excellent resistance to chemicals such as strong polar solvents, alkalis, and acids.
- chemicals such as strong polar solvents, alkalis, and acids.
- Thermosetting or photo-curing resins such as resin-based and polyimide-based resins; polyvinyl alcohol, cellulose acetate-based resin, polypropylene-based resin, fluorine-based resin, phthalic-based resin, maleic acid-based resin
- thermoplastic resins such as rosin, saturated polyester, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, chitin and chitosan. These polymer compounds can be
- Porous membrane volume composed of a porous layer coated with such a chemical resistant polymer Even when the layered body comes into contact with the above-mentioned strong polar solvent, alkali, acid, or other chemicals, the porous layer will not dissolve or swell and become deformed at all, or it may affect the purpose and application of use. Alteration can be suppressed to the extent that there is no. For example, the contact time between the porous layer and the chemical is short! In use, it is sufficient that chemical resistance of a certain degree is imparted without deterioration within that time.
- the chemical-resistant polymer compound often has heat resistance at the same time, the heat resistance is likely to be lower than before the porous layer is coated with the chemical-resistant polymer compound. There are few.
- a structure in which the micropores constituting the porous layer are filled with a functional material may be used.
- functional materials include ferrite fine particles, metal fine particles (including metal-containing fine particles such as metal oxide fine particles), carbon black, carbon nanotubes, fullerenes, titanium oxide, barium titanate, and the like. It is done.
- the filling condition of the functional material is not particularly limited. By filling with a resolution of sub-micron to micron unit, the loss of pore characteristics inherent in the porous layer is suppressed and the filling amount of the functional material is adjusted. It is preferable because it is easy to handle and can improve handling and operability.
- the average pore diameter of the micropores is preferably within the above numerical range, and the maximum pore diameter on the film surface is preferably 15 m or less.
- the porous membrane laminate of the present invention has a porous structure, and the strength of the porous layer portion becomes weak.
- the adhesion strength may decrease.
- the porous membrane laminate of the present invention has a structure in which a base material is laminated on a flexible porous membrane, it has excellent pore characteristics as described above and at the same time has sufficient folding resistance. ! / Speak.
- Folding resistance is the number of times a specimen is cut after repeated bending tests based on the following conditions. It is evaluated that it has folding resistance when the force is more than SlO times. In addition, it is judged that the number of folding times until cutting is higher, and the higher the folding resistance, the greater the number of times until cutting is about 100 times or more in applications where repeated bending is required for electronic materials, for example. It is preferable to have folding characteristics.
- the bending test uses an MIT anti-fatigue testing machine MIT-D made by Toyo Seiki Seisakusho, sample shape 15 X 110mm, bending angle 135 °, bending radius of curvature (R) 0.38mm, bending speed 175cpm, Performed in accordance with JIS C 50 16 folding resistance test under a tension of 4.9 N.
- the porous film laminate includes one that is not cut even when the number of folding is 20000 and has extremely excellent folding resistance. For this reason, it has excellent cacheability and moldability and can be used in a wide variety of applications in various forms.
- the porous membrane laminate composed of a substrate having many through holes has a structure in which the substrate having many through holes and the polymer porous layer are integrated with excellent adhesion. Therefore, it has high mechanical strength. Therefore, it is advantageous in that sufficient strength can be exhibited even when the total thickness of the porous film laminate is thin, for example, less than about 100 / zm.
- one or both surfaces of the base material are covered with a porous layer, and there are a large number of micropores having connectivity, and the average pore diameter of the micropores is 0.01 to 10-10.
- a porous membrane laminate having a porous layer of / ⁇ ⁇ , the thickness of the porous layer being 0.1 to: LOO / zm, the porosity being 30 to 80%, The thickness of the film is 1 to 300 / ⁇ ⁇ .
- Such a porous membrane laminate can be produced by appropriately setting materials, thicknesses, production conditions and the like constituting the porous layer and the substrate.
- the preferred U-shaped form in the case where the substrate is composed of a substrate having a large number of through-holes is formed by coating one side or both sides of the substrate with a porous layer, so that a large number of microscopic materials having communication properties.
- a porous film laminate having a porous layer having pores and an average pore diameter of 0.01 to 10; ⁇ ⁇ , and the thickness of the porous layer is 0.1 to: LOOO / zm Yes, the porosity is 30 to 80%, and the thickness of the substrate is 1 to: LOOO / zm.
- Such a porous membrane laminate can be produced by appropriately setting materials, thicknesses, production conditions and the like constituting the porous layer and the substrate.
- Such a porous membrane laminate is obtained by, for example, casting a polymer solution on a base material in the form of a film, bringing the polymer solution into contact with a coagulation liquid and subjecting it to a porous treatment, and then subjecting it to drying as it is. And porous layer And a method of obtaining a laminate in which a porous film is laminated on a support by transferring it to the surface of the support and drying it. it can.
- the former method is preferably used as described in detail below.
- Examples of the method of bringing the porous material into contact with the coagulation liquid include a method of obtaining a film by a wet phase conversion method (for example, see JP-A-2001-145826), and a dry phase conversion method (for example, International Publication Gazette).
- a wet phase conversion method for example, see JP-A-2001-145826
- a dry phase conversion method for example, International Publication Gazette.
- W098Z25997 pamphlet W098Z25997 pamphlet
- methods using a solvent substitution rate adjusting material see, for example, JP 2000-319442 A and JP 2001-67643 A
- a polymer solution is cast into a film on a substrate, guided to a coagulation liquid, and then dried to be porous on at least one surface of the substrate. It is characterized in that a porous membrane laminate is obtained by stacking layers. According to this method, a porous layer is formed on a substrate using a wet phase conversion method, and then subjected to drying as it is. Therefore, the porous layer can be formed in close contact with the substrate surface at the same time. Therefore, manufacturing efficiency can be improved.
- a porous layer having a large number of micropores is flexible, it is difficult to handle a single film constituting the porous layer ⁇ the laminating process is difficult, but according to the manufacturing method of the present invention in which layers are formed simultaneously with film formation. For example, such a problem can be avoided, and a porous film laminate in which a porous layer having excellent pore characteristics and a substrate are directly laminated can be easily obtained.
- the base material those which do not easily deteriorate when contacted with the coagulation liquid are preferably used.
- the materials exemplified above as the material forming the base material constituting the porous film laminate may be mentioned. .
- the substrate when the substrate is composed of a substrate having a large number of through holes made of a nonwoven fabric, a punching film, a punching metal or an etching metal, the structure of the substrate surface is flat except for the through holes. Therefore, the porous layer is preferably formed on a plane.
- the base material having a large number of through holes is made of woven fabric, mesh cloth, wire mesh, or expanded metal, the structure of the base material surface has a structure in which the flat surface is almost intertwined. In many cases, the polymer solution enters the void and immediately becomes a state in which the porous layer covers the substrate and is integrated.
- the base material having a large number of through-holes those that do not easily deteriorate when contacted with the coagulation liquid are preferably used.
- the above-described examples of materials for forming the base material constituting the porous film laminate are given above. Can be mentioned.
- the polymer solution to be cast for example, a polymer component that is a material constituting the porous layer, a water-soluble polymer, a water-soluble polar solvent, and a mixed solution that is hydrodynamic as required is used. It is possible to be.
- the polymer component that is a material constituting the porous layer one that is soluble in a water-soluble polar solvent and can form a film by a phase change method is preferred. Can be used as a mixture of two or more. Further, in place of the polymer component constituting the porous layer, a monomer component (raw material) of the polymer component, an oligomer thereof, a precursor before imidig, cyclization, or the like may be used.
- a water-soluble polymer or water is effective in order to make the membrane structure into a sponge shape.
- the water-soluble polymer include polyethylene dallicol, polybutyl pyrrolidone, polyethylene oxide, polybulal alcohol, polyacrylic acid, polysaccharides and derivatives thereof, and mixtures thereof.
- polybulurpyrrolidone is preferred in that it can suppress the formation of voids inside the film and improve the mechanical strength of the film.
- These water-soluble polymers can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the molecular weight of the water-soluble polymer is preferably 200 or more, preferably 300 or more, particularly preferably 400 or more (for example, about 400 to 200,000), and particularly a molecular weight of 1000 or more. It may be.
- the void diameter can be adjusted by adding water. For example, if the amount of water added to the polymer solution is increased, the void diameter can be increased.
- the water-soluble polymer is very effective for making the membrane structure into a sponge shape, and various structures can be obtained by changing the kind and amount of the water-soluble polymer. For this reason, the water-soluble polymer is very suitably used as an additive for forming a porous layer for the purpose of imparting desired pore characteristics. On the other hand, the water-soluble polymer is an unnecessary component to be removed, which does not eventually form a porous layer.
- the water-soluble polymer is immersed in a coagulating liquid such as water in the phase conversion step. And washed away.
- the production method of the present invention makes it easy to form a porous film laminate having desired pore characteristics. This is advantageous in that it can be manufactured.
- water-soluble polar solvent examples include dimethyl sulfoxide, N, N dimethylformamide, N, N dimethylacetamide (DMAc), N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), 2 pyrrolidone, and mixtures thereof. And those having solubility (good solvent for the polymer component) can be used depending on the chemical skeleton of the resin used as the polymer component.
- the polymer solution to be cast includes a polymer component 8-25% by weight, a water-soluble polymer 5-50% by weight, water 0-10% by weight, and a water-soluble polarity.
- a mixed solution composed of 30 to 82% by weight of a solvent is preferable.
- Water-soluble polymer can be added to make the inside of the film a uniform sponge-like porous structure. If the concentration is too low at this time, huge voids exceeding 10 m are generated inside the film, resulting in reduced homogeneity. To do.
- the concentration of the water-soluble polymer is too high, the solubility becomes poor, and if it exceeds 50% by weight, problems such as weak film strength tend to occur.
- the amount of water added can be used to adjust the void diameter, and the diameter can be increased by increasing the amount added.
- the film When the polymer solution is cast into a film, the film is kept in an atmosphere having a relative humidity of 70 to: LOO% and a temperature of 15 to 90 ° C for 0.2 to 15 minutes, It is desirable to lead to a coagulating liquid that also has non-solvent power for molecular components.
- the porous layer By placing the film-like material after casting under the above conditions, the porous layer can be made homogeneous and highly communicable. The reason for this is thought to be that when placed under humidification, it penetrates into the surface force of the moisture film and efficiently promotes phase separation of the polymer solution.
- Particularly preferred conditions are a relative humidity of 90 to: LOO%, a temperature of 30 to 80 ° C, a relative humidity of about 100% (eg, 95 to 100%), and a temperature of 40 to 70 ° C. It is. Moisture capacity in air S If the amount is less than this, there may be a problem that the surface porosity is not sufficient.
- the pore size, porosity, and porosity of the porous layer constituting the porous membrane laminate in the present invention are the types and amounts of the components of the polymer solution, the amount of water used, It can be adjusted to a desired value by appropriately selecting the humidity, temperature, time, etc. during casting.
- the coagulation liquid used in the phase change method is appropriately selected depending on the type of polymer used as the high molecular component as long as it is a solvent that coagulates the high molecular component.
- Any solvent that coagulates polyamic acid may be used, for example, water; monohydric alcohols such as methanol and ethanol; alcohols such as polyhydric alcohols such as glycerin; water-soluble polymers such as polyethylene glycol; A coagulant solution can be used.
- the porous layer is directly laminated on the surface of the substrate by directing it to a coagulating liquid and forming a porous layer on the surface of the substrate, followed by drying as it is.
- a porous membrane laminate having the same is produced. Drying is not particularly limited as long as it can remove solvent components such as coagulation liquid, and may be natural drying at room temperature even under heating.
- the heat treatment method is not particularly limited, and any method can be used as long as the porous film laminate can be controlled at a predetermined temperature by hot air treatment, hot roll treatment, or a method of putting in a thermostatic bath or oven. As the heating temperature, for example, a wide range of force ranging from room temperature to 600 ° C can be selected.
- the atmosphere during the heat treatment may be air, nitrogen or an inert gas.
- air is the least expensive but may involve an oxidation reaction.
- nitrogen is preferable from the viewpoint of cost, in which it is easy to use nitrogen or an inert gas.
- the heating conditions are appropriately set in consideration of productivity, physical properties of the porous layer and the substrate, and the like.
- the porous membrane laminate thus obtained may be further subjected to a crosslinking treatment using heat, visible light, ultraviolet rays, electron beams, radiation rays or the like.
- Precursor constituting the porous layer by the treatment Polymerization, crosslinking, curing, etc. of the body proceed to form a polymer compound, and when the polymer porous layer is composed of a high molecular compound!
- a porous film laminate having a porous layer with improved properties such as properties.
- a polyimide porous layer can be obtained by subjecting a porous layer formed using a polyimide-based precursor to thermal imidization or chemical imidization.
- a porous layer formed using a polyamideimide resin can be subjected to thermal crosslinking.
- the thermal crosslinking can be performed simultaneously with the heat treatment for drying after being led to the solidified liquid.
- the above crosslinking treatment may cause a crosslinking reaction between the porous polymer layer and the base film.
- the adhesiveness of a base film and a porous layer improves.
- a polyimide film on which a porous layer of a polyimide-based precursor is formed is heat-treated, the precursor becomes a polyimide and simultaneously adheres to the polyimide film.
- the polyimide film on which the polyamide imide resin porous layer is formed is heat-treated, the porous layer adheres to the polyimide film.
- the polymer porous layer has a large number of micropores having communication properties.
- the average pore diameter of the micropores is 0.01 to 10 ⁇ m.
- the porous membrane laminate of the present invention may have a porous layer on both sides of the substrate as long as the porous layer is laminated on at least one side of the substrate.
- the porous layer has a plurality of porous layers which may be filled with a functional material, the same or different kinds of functional materials may be filled.
- the porous film laminate is subjected to heat treatment or film formation treatment as necessary to give the desired properties! / You can ask me.
- the porous membrane laminate of the present invention has the above-described configuration, it can be applied to various uses in a wide range of fields. Specifically, it can be used as a low dielectric constant material, a separator, a cushioning material, an ink image receiving sheet, a test paper, an insulating material, a heat insulating material, etc. by utilizing the pore characteristics of the porous layer as it is.
- porous membrane laminate by using as a composite material in which other layers (metal plating layer, magnetic plating layer, etc.) are laminated on the porous membrane laminate, and in a form in which the functional material is filled in the pores of the porous layer,
- circuit boards heat sinks (heat sinks, etc.), electromagnetic Electromagnetic wave control materials such as metal molds and electromagnetic wave absorbers, battery separators, capacitors (paper capacitors, plastic film capacitors, ceramic capacitors, mica capacitors, electrolytic capacitors, etc.), cell culture substrates, catalyst substrates (catalyst carriers), etc.
- heat sinks heat sinks, etc.
- electromagnetic Electromagnetic wave control materials such as metal molds and electromagnetic wave absorbers
- battery separators capacitors (paper capacitors, plastic film capacitors, ceramic capacitors, mica capacitors, electrolytic capacitors, etc.), cell culture substrates, catalyst substrates (catalyst carriers), etc.
- capacitors paper capacitors, plastic film capacitors, ceramic capacitors, mica capacitors, electrolytic capacitor
- the porous membrane laminate of the present invention can also be used as a test paper.
- Test papers are widely used for testing, medical use, etc.
- pH test paper eg litmus test paper
- water quality test paper eg ion test paper
- oil test paper e.g., oil test paper
- moisture test paper e.g., ozone test paper
- Urine test paper can qualitatively or quantitatively examine metal ions and anions.
- Urine test paper can be used to quantitatively examine urine sugar, urine protein, occult blood, and the like.
- Blood test strips can be used to quantitatively check blood sugar levels. These test strips are used more and more every year because of the simple measurement method.
- porous membrane laminate of the present invention since the porous layer is in close contact with the substrate, sufficient strength can be secured for handling.
- a porous layer is a preferable medium because it can adsorb an indicator used for determination.
- it can retain a solvent such as water and a sample such as urine and blood, it is suitable for use in these applications.
- a porous membrane laminate comprising a substrate having a large number of through holes can be suitably used as a filter. Since the porous layer is formed on the base material having many through holes, the base material can secure sufficient strength.
- the porous film has a high porosity, so the porous film alone may be able to be used in powerful applications where the strength is sufficient.
- the filter using the porous membrane laminate of the present invention include a filter for filtering an aqueous solution such as water and a gas such as air; a wastewater treatment filter capable of removing foreign matters of submicron or more; Filters for filtration of blood, etc. for separation; air conditioner filters for separating dust, pollen, mold, carcasses of mites, etc. by aerodynamic force.
- the porous membrane laminate of the present invention can also be used as a base material for oxygen-enriched membranes used in air conditioners.
- porous membrane laminate of the present invention can also be preferably used as a battery separator.
- the battery separator separates the positive and negative electrodes and has excellent electrolyte retention, and ion conductivity Must be good. It is also required to have various properties such as heat resistance, flexibility, and strength. According to the porous membrane laminate of the present invention, these characteristics can be exerted in a well-balanced manner, and thus it is extremely useful as a separator for various batteries.
- the porous membrane laminate of the present invention can also be used as a base material for an electrolyte membrane for fuel cells.
- direct methanol fuel cells DMFC
- DMFC is a fuel cell that uses methanol directly into the cell as fuel.
- fluorine electrolyte membranes polyperfluorinated alkyl sulfonic acid electrolyte membranes represented by DuPont's “Nafion” in DMFC, but these membranes have an affinity for methanol.
- Methanol crossover methanol permeation of electrolyte membrane
- swelling of the electrolyte membrane by methanol and the problem of energy loss has been closed up.
- porous laminate of the present invention it is possible to provide a fuel cell electrolyte membrane that can solve the above problems.
- porous membrane laminate of the present invention can be further used as a skeleton of an electrolyte membrane.
- mesh cloths that are resistant to solvents such as methanol (for example, mesh cloths such as nylon, polyester, polypropylene, and tetrafluoroethylene styrene resin) can be used as the base material. Swelling can be prevented. And since the porous layer part is excellent in the communication property and forms the fine void
- PEFC solid polymer fuel cells
- porous membrane laminates water resistant mesh cloth (for example, mesh cloth made of nylon, polyester, polypropylene, tetrafluoroethylene, etc.) can be used as the base material. Can be prevented. And since the porous layer part is excellent in communication and has fine pores, it can be used for PEFC by filling the pores with electrolyte. It can be set as the electrolyte membrane for fuel cells.
- mesh cloth for example, mesh cloth made of nylon, polyester, polypropylene, tetrafluoroethylene, etc.
- the composite material of the present invention is characterized in that a metal plating layer and / or a magnetic plating layer is laminated on the surface of at least one porous layer constituting the porous membrane laminate of the present invention. Yes.
- the metal plating layer may have, for example, a form in which pores, which may be formed as a thin metal coating on the surface of the porous layer and the inside micropores, are filled with metal.
- the metal constituting the metal plating layer include copper, nickel, silver, gold, tin, bismuth, zinc, aluminum, lead, chromium, iron, indium, conoretol, rhodium, platinum, palladium, and the like. And the like.
- An alloy skin can also be mentioned.
- the metal plating layer may be a single layer or a plurality of layers which may be used alone or in combination.
- the material constituting the magnetic plating layer is not particularly limited as long as it is a compound having magnetism, and may be any of a ferromagnetic substance and a paramagnetic substance.
- nickel cobalt, cobalt ferrous phosphorus, Cobalt-tungsten-phosphorus, cobalt-nickel-manganese and the like compounds having a site capable of generating radicals such as methoxyacetonitrile polymer, metal complex compounds such as charge transfer complexes of decamethylphthalcene, graphs
- Examples include organic magnetic materials having compound power, such as polyacrylonitrile, which is a carbon material in the development of Aitoi.
- Such a composite material can be produced using a known method as a method of forming a layer using a metal or an organic compound on the surface of the porous layer of the porous membrane laminate of the present invention. it can.
- the metal plating layer For the formation of the metal plating layer, known methods such as electroless plating and electrolytic plating can be used.
- the electroless plating described later is preferably used in that the porous layer is composed of a polymer component, and the electroless plating and electrolytic plating can be used in combination.
- the plating solutions used for forming the metallic plating layer are known in various compositions, and those sold by the manufacturer can also be obtained. There are no particular restrictions on the composition of the solution, Species requests (Beauty, hardness, abrasion resistance, discoloration resistance, corrosion resistance, electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, heat resistance, sliding property, water repellency, wettability, solder wettability, sealing property, electromagnetic wave shield Select the one that suits the characteristics, reflection characteristics, etc.
- a photosensitive composition having a compound power that generates a reactive group by light is applied to the surface of at least one porous layer constituting the porous film laminate of the present invention.
- Providing a photosensitive layer exposing the photosensitive layer through a mask to generate a reactive group in the exposed portion, and forming a conductive pattern by combining the reactive group generated in the exposed portion with a metal.
- the method for producing a composite material of the present invention wherein a compound that eliminates a reactive group by light is used instead of a compound that generates a reactive group by light, and the reactive group is eliminated in an exposed area.
- the method includes a step of forming a conductor pattern by combining a reactive group remaining in an unexposed portion with a metal.
- the compound that generates a reactive group by light is not particularly limited as long as it is a compound that generates a reactive group capable of forming a bond with a metal (including a metal ion) in the molecule.
- a metal including a metal ion
- an onium salt derivative examples thereof include photosensitive compounds containing at least one derivative selected from sulfo-ester derivatives, carboxylic acid derivatives and naphthoquinone diazide derivatives. These photosensitive compounds are versatile and can easily generate a reactive group capable of binding to a metal by light irradiation, so that a conductive portion having a fine pattern can be accurately formed.
- Examples of the compound that loses a reactive group by light include a compound having a reactive group capable of forming a bond with a metal (including a metal ion), and the reactive group becomes a hydrophobic functional group when irradiated with light. And a compound that hardly dissolves or swells in water.
- the reactive group generated or disappeared by light is not particularly limited as long as it is a reactive group capable of forming a bond with the metal (including a metal ion).
- Examples thereof include cation exchange groups.
- the cation exchange group includes, for example, an acidic group such as —COOX group, —SO X group or —PO X group (where X is
- Hydrogen atoms alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, periodic table I, typical metals belonging to group VIII, ammonium groups) and the like.
- a cation exchange group having a pKa value of 7.2 or less is preferable because a sufficient bond can be formed with a metal per unit area, so that desired conductivity can be easily obtained.
- Such reactive groups are exchanged with metal ions in the next step. In other words, the stable adsorption ability by the metal reductant and the metal fine particles can be exhibited.
- the irradiation light is not particularly limited as long as the generation or disappearance of the reactive group can be promoted.
- light having a wavelength of 280 nm or more can be used, but it is preferable to avoid deterioration due to exposure of the porous film laminate.
- Light having a wavelength of 300 nm or more (about 300 to 600 nm), particularly 350 nm or more is preferably used.
- a method using electroless plating is preferably used as a method for bonding the reactive group to the metal.
- the electroless plating is known to be useful as a method of laminating a metal on a resin layer generally formed of plastic or the like.
- the porous membrane surface of the porous membrane laminate may be subjected to treatments such as degreasing, washing, neutralization, and catalytic treatment in advance for the purpose of improving the adhesion to the metal.
- the catalyst treatment for example, a catalyst metal nucleation method in which a catalyst metal capable of promoting metal deposition is attached to the surface to be treated can be used.
- Catalytic metal nucleation method is a method in which a chemical metal is promoted by contacting with a colloidal solution containing a catalytic metal (salt) and then contacting with an acid or alkali solution or a reducing agent (catalyzer (catalyst) -accelerator (promotion (Agent) method); a method of forming a catalyst metal nucleus by contacting a colloidal solution containing fine particles of a catalytic metal and then removing the solvent and additives by heating or the like (metal fine particle method); an acid containing a reducing agent Alternatively, after contacting with an alkali solution, contacting with an acid or alkali solution of the catalyst metal and bringing into contact with an activating solution (activation), the catalyst metal is precipitated (sensitizing (sensitization) -activate (Activation) method).
- the catalyst metal (salt) -containing solution in the catalystizer-accelerator method for example, a tin-palladium mixed solution, a metal (salt) -containing solution such as copper sulfate, and the like can be used.
- the catalyzer-accelerator method is, for example, by immersing the porous film laminate in an aqueous copper sulfate solution, washing and removing excess copper sulfate as necessary, and then immersing it in an aqueous solution of sodium borohydride. Catalyst nuclei with copper fine particle force can be formed on the porous layer surface of the membrane laminate.
- a colloidal solution in which silver nanoparticles are dispersed is brought into contact with the surface of the porous layer and then heated to be an additive such as a surfactant or a binder.
- an additive such as a surfactant or a binder.
- catalyst nuclei having a silver particle force can be deposited on the surface of the porous layer.
- a catalyst nucleus having a palladium power can be deposited by contacting with a hydrochloric acid solution of palladium chloride.
- a method for bringing the porous film laminate into contact with these treatment liquids there can be used a method of coating the porous layer surface on which the metal plating layer is laminated, a method of immersing the porous film laminate in the treatment liquid, and the like.
- Examples of the main metal used for electroless plating include copper, nickel, silver, gold, and nickel-phosphorus.
- the plating solution used for electroless plating contains, for example, the above metals or salts thereof, as well as reducing agents such as formaldehyde, hydrazine, sodium hypophosphite, sodium borohydride, ascorbic acid, darioxylic acid, It contains complexing agents and precipitation control agents such as sodium acetate, EDTA, tartaric acid, malic acid, citrate, and glycine. Many of these are commercially available and can be easily obtained.
- Electroless plating is performed by immersing the porous film laminate that has been subjected to the above treatment in the above-described plating solution. In addition, by applying electroless plating with a protective sheet applied to one side of the porous membrane laminate, electroless plating is applied only to the other side, thus preventing metal deposition on the substrate, etc. can do.
- the thickness of the metal plating layer is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately selected according to the application.
- a metal plating layer is formed by combining electroless plating and electrolytic plating. There are cases where a method is performed. In other words, since the surface of the porous layer on which the metal film is formed by electroless plating is given conductivity, it is possible to obtain a thick metal plating layer in a short time by applying more efficient electrolytic plating. It becomes.
- the above method is particularly suitable as a method for obtaining a composite material used for a circuit board, a heat dissipation material, or an electromagnetic wave control material.
- Circuit boards are generally manufactured by a method of forming wiring by bonding copper foil to the surface of a substrate made of glass, epoxy resin, polyimide, etc., and removing unnecessary portions of the copper foil by etching. It had been. However, with such conventional methods, it has become difficult to form fine wiring that can be used for circuit boards with higher density. In order to advance the miniaturization of wiring, it is necessary to attach a very thin copper foil to a substrate made of glass, epoxy, resin, polyimide, etc., but the thin copper foil is extremely inferior in handleability. The lamination process was very difficult.
- the manufacture of thin copper foil is difficult and expensive in itself, and the glass / epoxy resin used for the material of the base material, polyimide and copper foil do not have a high adhesive strength. As miniaturization progressed, the problem was that the wiring also peeled off the board.
- the metal plating layer is filled in the pores present in the surface layer portion of the porous layer, and the metal is entangled with the porous layer. Even if it exists, strong adhesive force can be demonstrated.
- the metal plating layer is preferably made of copper, nickel, silver or the like.
- the porous membrane laminate of the present invention is extremely useful as a circuit board produced by a method of forming fine wiring directly on the porous layer surface.
- the method described as the method for producing a composite material of the present invention can be used.
- the porous film laminate of the present invention since the porous film laminate of the present invention is used, it is possible to form fine wiring firmly entangled with the porous layer, and also to form wiring accurately and easily using exposure technology. can do.
- Single-sided wiring can be formed with a film having a porous layer on one side
- double-sided wiring can be formed with a film having a porous layer on both sides.
- a heat dissipation material (heat dissipation plate, etc.) is installed and used in the casing of many devices such as notebook computers, optical disk devices, projectors, and mobile phones.
- heat dissipation plate etc.
- the amount of heat generated by components has increased as the progress of high-density mounting technology and the higher output and speed of devices have progressed.
- heat radiating materials heat sinks, heat sinks
- the porous layer having excellent pore characteristics as described above has a wide heat dissipation area, excellent heat dissipation efficiency, compactness, and excellent heat conduction due to the metal plating layer.
- the metal plating layer constituting the heat dissipation material is preferably formed of a high thermal conductivity metal such as copper, silver, gold, cobalt, chromium, nickel, tin, Zinc and the like are preferred.
- An electromagnetic wave control material is used as a material that shields or absorbs electromagnetic waves, and is used to reduce or suppress the influence on the surrounding electromagnetic environment and the influence of the device itself on the surrounding electromagnetic environment force.
- electromagnetic sources such as electrical and electronic devices, wireless devices, systems, etc. that are close to us, such as the spread of digital electronic devices, personal computers and mobile phones, and they emit various electromagnetic waves.
- the electromagnetic waves radiated from these devices may affect the surrounding electromagnetic environment, and the device itself is also affected by the surrounding electromagnetic environment.
- electromagnetic wave control materials such as electromagnetic wave shielding materials and electromagnetic wave absorber materials have become important year after year.
- the composite material of the present invention is, for example,
- the metal plating layer constituting the electromagnetic wave control material is preferably one that can impart conductivity, for example, it is effective to be formed of nickel, copper, silver or the like.
- Examples of the material used for forming the magnetic plating layer by electroless plating include magnetic materials such as nickel, nickel-cobalt, iron iron, cobalt-tungsten monophosphorus, cobalt-nickel-manganese, etc. Materials.
- the composite material of the present invention is very thin and highly flexible, and the metal or magnetic material formed by the plating is entangled with the porous layer, so that the plating layer is bent easily to peel off. Resistance (folding resistance) can be improved.
- Such a composite material can be used by being installed or affixed in any place of an electronic device.
- the porous film laminate of the present invention is also useful as a low dielectric constant material.
- the frequencies used in electronic devices are increasing, and the electronic components used in these devices must also support high-frequency signals.
- conventional wiring boards mainly glass epoxy resin
- Porous materials are considered useful as high-frequency wiring board materials to solve these problems. This is because the relative permittivity of air is as low as 1, whereas a porous material can achieve a low relative permittivity.
- the porous film laminate of the present invention has a porous layer laminated on a base material, which not only has low dielectric constant characteristics, but is sufficient for handling because the porous layer is in close contact with the base material. It is a medium that can secure strength and is preferable as a low dielectric constant material.
- Ink image-receiving sheets also called print media
- print media are often used in printing technology.
- many printing methods are currently in practical use, and examples of such printing technologies include inkjet printing, screen printing, dispenser printing, letterpress printing (flexographic printing), sublimation printing, and offset printing.
- Printing laser printer printing (toner printing), intaglio stamp Printing (gravure printing), contact printing, microcontact printing, and the like.
- the constituent components of the ink used are not particularly limited, and examples thereof include conductors, dielectrics, semiconductors, insulators, resistors, and dyes.
- Advantages of creating electronic materials using printing methods include: (1) simple manufacturing processes, (2) low waste and low environmental impact processes, and (3) low energy consumption in a short time. (4) The initial investment can be greatly reduced, but on the other hand, high-definition printing is required, which is technically difficult. Therefore, particularly with respect to printing used for manufacturing electronic materials, not only the performance of the printing machine but also the characteristics of the ink and the ink image-receiving sheet have a great influence on the printing result.
- the porous layer is in close contact with the base material, and the fine porous structure of the porous layer can absorb ink and fix the ink precisely. High-definition printing can be achieved and it is very preferably used.
- the porous layer is in close contact with the base material, it is possible to ensure sufficient strength for handling. For example, it is possible to print continuously by roll-to-roll, which significantly improves production efficiency. Can do.
- an electronic material is produced by printing
- the above-described method can be used as a printing method.
- Specific examples of electronic materials produced by printing include liquid crystal displays, organic EL displays, field emission displays (FEDs), IC cards, IC tags, solar cells, LED elements, organic transistors, capacitors (capacitors), Electronic paper, flexible batteries, flexible sensors, membrane switches, touch panels, EMI shields, etc.
- the method for producing the electronic material includes a step of printing an ink containing an electronic material such as a conductor, a dielectric, a semiconductor, an insulator, and a resistor on the surface of the porous layer (substrate).
- an electronic material such as a conductor, a dielectric, a semiconductor, an insulator, and a resistor on the surface of the porous layer (substrate).
- a capacitor can be formed by printing on the surface of the porous layer (substrate) with ink containing a dielectric. Examples of such a dielectric include barium titanate and strontium titanate.
- a transistor or the like can be formed by printing with an ink containing a semiconductor.
- Examples of the semiconductor include pentacene, liquid silicon, fluorene bitiophene copolymer (F8T2), and poly (3 hexylthiophene) (P3HT).
- wiring can be formed by printing with ink containing a conductor, a flexible substrate, a TAB substrate, an antenna, or the like can be manufactured.
- Examples of the conductor include conductive inorganic particles such as silver, gold, copper, nickel, ITO, carbon, and carbon nanotubes; and conductive organic polymer forces such as polyaline, polythiophene, polyacetylene, and polypyrrole. Particles can be mentioned.
- Examples of the polythiophene include poly (ethylene dioxythiophene) (PEDOT).
- conductive particles made of inorganic particles are preferred, and silver particles and copper particles are particularly preferred from the viewpoint of balance of electrical characteristics and cost.
- shape of the particles include a spherical shape and a scale shape (flakes).
- the particle size is not particularly limited, but so-called nanoparticles having an average particle diameter of about several meters to several nanometers can be used. These particles can be used by mixing a plurality of types.
- a conductive ink a readily available silver ink (silver paste) will be described below as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and other types of ink can also be applied.
- Silver ink generally contains silver particles, a surfactant, a noinder, a solvent, and the like as its constituent components.
- ink containing silver oxide silver particles is printed and then heated and reduced to form a silver wiring.
- an ink containing an organic silver compound is printed and then thermally decomposed to obtain a silver wire.
- Organic silver compounds that can be dissolved in a solvent can also be used.
- particles constituting the silver ink silver particles, silver oxide, organic silver compounds and the like may be used alone or in combination, and those having different particle sizes may be used in combination.
- the temperature at which the ink is cured is a force that can be appropriately selected according to the ink composition, particle size, etc. Usually, it is within the range of about 100 to 300 ° C. There are many. Since the porous film laminate of the present invention is an organic material, the firing temperature is preferably relatively low in order to avoid deterioration. However, in order to reduce the electrical resistance of the wiring, it is generally fired at a high temperature. It is necessary to select and use an ink having an appropriate curing temperature.
- silver inks include the product name “CA- 25 03” manufactured by Daiken Igaku Kogyo Co., Ltd., the product name “Nano'Dotite XA9053” manufactured by Fujikura Kasei Co., Ltd., and Harima Chemical ( Product names “NPS” and “NPS-J” (average particle diameter of about 5 nm) manufactured by Nippon Paint Co., Ltd. ⁇ Insphere SVW102J (average particle size about 30 ⁇ ) is known.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a wiring board on which wiring is formed on the surface of a porous layer (substrate) by printing ink containing conductive particles.
- Figs. 1 (A) to (C) show a wiring board in which wiring 2 is formed on the surface of porous layer 1 using a high viscosity ink
- Figs. 1 (D) to (F) show low viscosity. This shows the wiring board in which the wiring 2 is formed on the surface of the porous layer 1.
- the wiring formed in this way is, for example, the pore size (for example, average pore size) of the surface layer of the porous layer, the size and distribution of particles added to the ink such as the conductive particles (for example, the particle size, the particle size distribution). ), And different forms depending on the ratio of the aperture diameter to the particle diameter.
- FIGS. 1A and 1D show an example of a wiring board formed of ink containing a large number of particles having a smaller particle diameter than the average pore diameter of the surface layer of the porous layer.
- the wiring 2 is mainly formed in the porous layer 1.
- the wiring 2 is entangled with the porous layer 1 to improve the adhesion of the wiring.
- the wiring 2 contains the resin constituting the porous layer 1, the electrical resistance tends to be relatively high. .
- Figs. 1 (C) and (F) show an example of a wiring board formed of ink containing a large amount of particles having a larger particle size than the average pore size of the surface layer of the porous layer.
- the wiring 2 is mainly formed on the porous layer 1. For this reason, since the wiring 2 hardly contains the resin constituting the porous layer 1, the electrical resistance is lowered, but the wiring adhesion tends to be relatively lowered.
- FIGS. 1B and 1E show an example of a wiring board formed of ink containing many particles having a particle diameter close to the average pore diameter of the surface layer of the porous layer.
- the wiring 2 is formed in a state where part of the wiring 2 enters the porous layer 1 and part of the wiring 2 is exposed on the porous layer 1. For this reason, there is a certain substrate adhesion, and the electrical resistance of the wiring 2 is slightly higher, but the substrate adhesion is moderate compared to the previous two examples.
- R1 is about 0.01 to 10 111, 1 ⁇ 2 Mos. OOl-lO ⁇ m
- Corrected paper (S ⁇ ) It is preferable to be within a range of about. That is, a relationship satisfying the formula: 0.0001 ⁇ R2 / R1 ⁇ 10003 ⁇ 4- is preferable.
- the conductor is formed on the porous surface by printing technology using ink containing conductor particles!
- the average pore diameter of the porous layer surface layer is Rl and the average particle diameter of the conductor particles is R2
- a relationship satisfying the formula: 0.001 ⁇ R2 / R1 ⁇ 1000 is preferable.
- R1 is about 0.01 to 5 / ⁇ ⁇ and R2 force is about SO.001 to 0.2 m. That is, a relationship satisfying the formula: .0002 ⁇ R2 / R1 ⁇ 20 is preferred! / ,.
- R1 is about 0.01 to 10111 and about 1 ⁇ 2 to about 0.001 to 10 m. That is, a relationship satisfying the formula: 0.001 ⁇ R2ZR1 ⁇ 1000 is preferable.
- the wiring may be formed on both sides of the porous layer or on both sides. When wiring is formed on both sides, a via that connects the wirings on both sides can be formed if necessary.
- the via hole may be formed by a drill or a laser.
- the conductor in the via hole may be formed of a conductive paste or a plating.
- the wiring surface formed of conductive ink can be used by coating with a plating or an insulator.
- silver wiring tends to cause electoric migration and ion migration when compared to copper wiring (Nikkei Electronics 2002.6.17, page 75). Therefore, for the purpose of improving the reliability of the wiring, it is effective to cover the wiring surface formed of silver ink with a plating.
- plating include copper plating, gold plating, nickel plating and the like. The measurement can be performed by a known method.
- the surface of the wiring formed of conductive ink can be used by coating with a resin.
- the above configuration can be suitably used for purposes such as wiring protection, wiring insulation, wiring oxidation and migration prevention, and flexibility improvement.
- a method of selectively coating the surface of the wiring with a resin for example, a method such as a syringe, a dispenser, a screen printing, an ink jet, or the like using a curable resin or a soluble resin described later as a resin to be filled in pores. Can be mentioned.
- the porous portion after the wiring is formed may be left as it is, or may be appropriately selected depending on the use of the wiring board in which the pores may be filled with resin or the like.
- the porous portion has a low dielectric constant, and is therefore preferably used as a high-frequency wiring board.
- Filling the pores with resin or the like has the advantage that the wiring is protected by the resin or the like, making it difficult for the wiring to be cut or increasing the insulation reliability.
- the porous structure is lost, the strength of the porous layer portion can be increased, and the adhesion strength with the substrate can be increased.
- the irregular reflection of visible light can be suppressed and the transparent structure can be made transparent.
- the resin filled in the pores of the porous layer is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a curable resin used without a solvent and a soluble resin used by being dissolved in a solvent. Be When using soluble rosin, it is necessary to take into account the volume decrease when the solvent volatilizes. As described above, there is a risk that soluble resin may have pores that are not filled with resin due to volume reduction during filling. Therefore, a solvent-free curable resin is more preferably used for the purpose of completely filling the pores with the resin.
- curable resin examples include epoxy resin, oxetane resin, acrylic resin, and vinyl ether resin.
- Epoxy resins include bisphenol A type and bisphenol F type, etc., glycidyl ether type epoxy resins such as phenol novolac type and cresol novolac type glycidyl ether type epoxy resin; alicyclic epoxy Various resins such as rosin and modified varieties thereof are included.
- Commercially available epoxy resin includes “Alaldite” from Huntsman “Advanced” Materials, “Denacol” from Nagase ChemteX, “Celoxide” from Daicel Chemical Industries, “Epototo” from Toto Kasei Co., Ltd., etc. it can.
- Cured epoxy resin Can be obtained, for example, by a method in which a curing reaction is initiated by a curable resin composition obtained by mixing a curing agent with epoxy resin and the reaction is accelerated by heating.
- the epoxy resin curing agent for example, organic polyamines, organic acids, organic acid anhydrides, phenols, polyamide resins, isocyanates, dicyandiamide and the like can be used.
- the cured epoxy resin can also be subjected to a curing reaction by heating or irradiation with light such as ultraviolet rays to a curable resin composition obtained by mixing an epoxy resin with a curing catalyst called a latent curing agent. It can also be obtained by the method of starting.
- a latent curing agent commercial products such as “Sun-Aid SI” manufactured by Sanshin Engineering Co., Ltd. can be used.
- a highly flexible epoxy resin cured product it can be made flexible like a flexible substrate. Further, when heat resistance and high dimensional stability are required, it is possible to use the composition as a rigid substrate (hard substrate) by using a composition having a high hardness after curing as the curable resin composition.
- the curable resin composition at the time of filling has a low viscosity.
- examples of such a characteristic include a bisphenol F-based composition and an aliphatic polyglycidyl ether-based composition.
- oxetane resin examples include "Alonoxetane” manufactured by Toagosei Co., Ltd.
- a cured product of oxetane resin is a method in which, for example, a cationic photopolymerization initiator “IRGACURE 250” manufactured by Ciba Specialty Co., Ltd. is mixed with oxetane resin, and the curing reaction is started by irradiating with ultraviolet rays. Can be obtained.
- Soluble resins include low dielectric resin "Oligo-Ferlen Ether” manufactured by Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Co., Ltd., polyamideimide resin "Baiguchi Max” manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd., Ube Industries, Ltd. Polyimide ink “upicoat” from Toto Chemical Co., Ltd. “Everrec” manufactured by Toto Chemical Co., Ltd.
- the solvent for dissolving the soluble resin used at the time of filling can be appropriately selected from known organic solvents according to the type of resin.
- Dissolved soluble fat in solvent As a typical example of a resin solution (soluble resin solution), for example, a resin solution prepared by dissolving “Oligo-Fu-len” ether in a general-purpose solvent such as methyl ethyl ketone or toluene; It is possible to use a resin solution in which “Mouth Max” is dissolved in a mixed solvent of ethanol and toluene (trade name “HR15E Tj”); a resin solution in which “upicoat” is dissolved in triglyme.
- the method of filling the pores of the porous layer with the resin is not particularly limited, but the curable resin composition described above may be used by using a means such as a dropper, a spoon, a dispenser, screen printing, or an inkjet. Alternatively, a method of spreading (applying) a soluble resin solution on the surface of the porous layer and removing excess resin with a spatula or the like can be used as necessary.
- a spatula for example, fluorine resin such as polypropylene and Teflon (registered trademark), rubber such as silicone rubber, resin such as polyphenylene sulfide, and metal such as stainless steel can be used.
- a cocoon spatula is preferably used because it hardly damages the wiring and the porous layer.
- a method of dropping an appropriate amount onto the surface of the porous layer using a means capable of controlling the discharge amount such as a dropper without using a spatula, a dispenser, screen printing, and ink jet is also possible.
- an uncured resin having a low viscosity is preferably used.
- cocoa butter having a high viscosity can be improved in filling property by lowering the viscosity using means such as heating at an appropriate temperature.
- the heating reaction rate is increased by heating, so that heating more than necessary is not preferable because workability and filling properties are deteriorated.
- heat treatment is preferably performed for the purpose of promoting the curing of the resin or volatilizing the solvent.
- the heating method is not particularly limited, but since rapid heating may cause unevenness due to volatilization of the resin hardener or the volatilization of the solvent, a method of raising the temperature gently is preferable.
- the temperature increase may be either continuous or sequential. It is preferable to appropriately adjust the temperature and time for curing and drying according to the type of the resin.
- the porous layer before filling with the resin has a configuration in which visible light is irregularly reflected in the pores in the layer and becomes opaque, and since the transparency is low, the side opposite to the one-side force cannot be seen through.
- a porous layer with pores filled with resin does not cause irregular reflection, and thus becomes transparent.
- a transparent porous layer for example, can facilitate wiring inspection when used on a wiring board, and has excellent handling characteristics such as easy recognition of the positional relationship of components when the wiring board is assembled to a device. This is advantageous.
- the porous membrane laminate is composed of a colorless and transparent substrate such as PET or PEN, the transparency of the region other than the wiring portion is very high. According to such a porous film laminate, since wiring and circuits can be formed on the display screen itself, it is possible to reduce the thickness of the display itself by omitting the circuit board, and to reduce costs by simplifying the structure. It becomes possible to plan.
- the porous layer By filling the pores of the porous layer in the porous film laminate with a resin to make it transparent, there is a possibility of expanding to the applications as described above.
- the porous layer preferably has a light colored resin or a thin layer, and the filled resin is also preferably A highly transparent material in which the color of the fat itself is light is preferably used.
- electromagnetic waves are generated from displays such as PDPs, causing adverse effects (noise) on peripheral devices.
- it is necessary to provide an electromagnetic wave shielding function to the filter disposed in front of the PDP, and as such a filter, a grid shape or a noise-cam shape is required.
- a film provided with wiring such as (hexagonal) is used.
- the electromagnetic wave shielding film for the above uses generally has a structure in which a metal layer is laminated on a highly transparent film (highly transparent film).
- a film can be formed by, for example, a method of providing a metal layer on a highly transparent film by sputtering; a method of providing a metal mesh by etching after attaching a copper foil or the like to the highly transparent film.
- a lattice pattern having a line width of 20 to 30 / z m and a pitch (repetition interval) of about 200 to 400 ⁇ m.
- an electromagnetic wave shielding film having the above-described structure is provided by forming a grid-like, cha-cam-like (hexagonal) wiring in the porous film laminate and filling it with grease. Can do. At this time, it is thought that the cost can be reduced by simply creating the wiring by using a printing method such as screen printing.
- ITO indium tin oxide
- a transparent conductor visible light transmittance of about 90%
- ITO ink manufactured by Shiai Kasei Co., Ltd.
- ITO ink “Nano Metal Ink” manufactured by ULVAC Materials, Inc. can be used.
- transparent conductors liquid crystal panels and organic
- the composite material of the present invention may have a structure in which the pores of the porous layer are left as they are.
- the composite material in which the pores of the porous layer are left as it is means that the porous layer has characteristics as a porous body. Specifically, for example, the composite material is printed. This means that the porous structure is maintained at the same level as the porous layer when the conductor is formed by the technology.
- Such a composite material may have a configuration in which other layers are laminated or various treatments are performed within a range in which the porous layer can maintain the characteristics as a porous body.
- Such a composite material includes a composite material in which pores of the porous layer are filled with resin, and a composite material in which the pore structure of the porous layer is lost due to solvent treatment or the like. Absent.
- the resin filling is not performed.
- the composite material of the present invention may have a structure in which the pore structure of the porous layer is lost due to the solvent treatment as a structure other than the above. Specifically, after forming a wiring pattern on the porous layer, the porous layer can be lost by wetting the porous layer with a solvent, swelling and softening, and drying.
- the porous membrane laminate of the present invention has a porous structure, so that the strength of the porous layer portion becomes weaker.
- the adhesion strength may decrease.
- the transparency of the porous layer can be achieved, for example, by swelling / softening the porous layer part by wetting the porous film laminate on which the wiring is formed with a solvent, and then drying the porous part. This is realized by the disappearance of the pore structure.
- the method of wetting the porous film stack with the solvent may be date pinning or spraying. Drying after wetting with the solvent may be natural drying or heating. It may be selected in consideration of the boiling point of the solvent. To make it clear transparently, dry it slowly!
- Solvents suitable for eliminating the porous structure depend on the resin of the porous layer-it cannot be generally stated, but it is limited if it can swell and soften the resin of the porous layer. Not. However, anything that completely dissolves and fluidizes the porous layer resin is not preferred, and must be avoided! This is because the wiring pattern formed on the porous material collapses.
- the solvent need not necessarily be a single solvent, and may be a mixture of two or more solvents. Rather, it is possible to swell and soften at an appropriate level by mixing the solvent.
- polyamideimide that can be used in a porous layer has a power that is hardly soluble in many solvents.
- polar solvents NMP, DMF, DMSO, DMAc, etc.
- the porous layer dissolves and the wiring pattern collapses, but it can be mixed with these polar solvents and does not dissolve the porous layer (water, acetone, THF) , Methanol, ethanol, IPA, methylethylketone, etc.), the porous layer can be swollen and softened.
- Such a mixed solvent system can be dried in two stages.
- a low boiling point solvent water, acetone, THF, methanol, ethanol, IPA, methyl ethyl ketone, etc.
- a high boiling point solvent NMP, DMF, DMS 0, DMAc, etc.
- the final drying temperature and time may be selected so that the high boiling point solvent is sufficiently volatilized.
- a method of slowly raising the temperature from room temperature can be mentioned.
- a colorless and highly transparent resin for the porous layer it is preferable to select a porous layer that is as thin as possible.
- a substrate with high transparency such as PET or PEN.
- the substrate of the porous film stack is preferably insoluble or hardly soluble in the solvent used. This is because if the base material swells and softens like the porous layer, the base material is deformed, and the dimensional stability as a wiring board is lowered. Inappropriate solvents differ depending on the substrate and cannot be generally stated. However, PET, PEN, and polyimide are preferable because they are insoluble or hardly soluble in many solvents.
- the resin is properly insulated by coating with an anisotropic conductive material (an anisotropic conductive film or anisotropic conductive paste) or by forming a coverlay.
- the wiring board is connected to other components and the board with a solder connector to flow electricity. Therefore, the contact part must be filled with grease in the masked state or covered with grease without the contact part.
- the above exemplified curable resin can be used as the resin filled in the pores of the porous layer.
- the wiring board is not only formed by wiring, but semiconductor chips, capacitors, resistors, etc., such as TAB and COF, can be bonded on the wiring board by wire bonding. it can.
- wiring formation and component mounting can be done on both sides as well as on one side of the porous film stack, and it is also possible to make multiple layers by stacking multiple substrates.
- a coverlay may be laminated on the porous layer.
- wiring is generally protected by wiring protection, wiring insulation, and wiring.
- a coverlay made of a resin film, such as polyimide film or PET film to prevent wire oxidation and improve flexibility!
- coverlay film examples include “Nikaflex” manufactured by Futtsukan Industry Co., Ltd. and products manufactured by Arisawa Manufacturing Co., Ltd.
- a method of laminating a cover lay for example, a method of covering a cover layer such as a polyimide film directly after filling the porous layer with a resin; filling a porous layer with a resin after hardening
- a method of heat-pressing a force burley film in which an adhesive is applied to one surface of a cover lay such as a polyimide film or a PET film.
- the adhesive for the coverlay film a known one can be used, and it is often semi-cured (B stage) for easy handling.
- Coverlay is not always necessary if the porous layer can be sufficiently filled with a resin or coated with a resin to sufficiently protect the wiring, insulate the wiring, prevent oxidation of the wiring, and ensure flexibility. It is also possible to omit it.
- the wiring board has a reinforcing plate attached! Since the wiring board of the present invention has flexibility, it can be used as a flexible board, but a reinforcing plate can be attached to a portion that requires mechanical strength and hardness. Specifically, it may be preferable to attach a reinforcing plate made of an appropriate material to a part where components are mounted or inserted into a connector. Any material can be used for the reinforcing plate as long as it suits the purpose, but in general, the same material as the substrate of the substrate or a material for a hard printed circuit board is often used.
- the reinforcing plate examples include a polyester film, a polyimide film, a glass epoxy substrate, a phenol substrate, a paper phenol substrate, and a metal plate (aluminum plate, stainless steel plate, etc.).
- a polyester film and polyimide film those of about 10 to 300 / ⁇ ⁇ are often used.
- Glass epoxy substrates, phenolic substrates, and paper phenolic substrates are often about 0.1 to 3 mm.
- the metal plate is used without any particular limitation on thickness.
- the wiring board and the reinforcing plate may be bonded by any method, but a film-like adhesive can be used, and there are an adhesive type and a thermosetting type as the adhesive.
- a reinforcing plate coated with an adhesive can be attached to the wiring board for use.
- the rigid part (hard part) and the flex part (bendable part) can be freely combined according to the purpose, it can be used as a kind of rigid-flex substrate.
- the wiring board of the present invention is a wiring board having a conductor wiring on at least one side of a porous film layer in which a large number of micropores (continuous microholes) having communication properties are present uniformly.
- Peeling test 180 ° peeling, peeling speed 50 mmZ
- cellophane adhesive tape [-Cero Tape (registered trademark) No. 405], width 24 mm] for conductor wiring of ⁇ 200 / ⁇ ⁇ ) And ⁇ ⁇ characteristics without wiring loss.
- a cellophane adhesive tape having the same adhesive strength (4. OONZlOmm) can be used instead of the “Cerotape (registered trademark) No. 405” as the cellophane adhesive tape. .
- the present invention relates to a wiring board having conductor wiring on at least one side of a porous film layer in which a large number of micropores having communication exists, for example, for conductor wiring having a width of 50 to 200 / zm,
- a peel test 180 ° peel, peel speed 50mmZ
- a paper adhesive tape [-Chiban Co., Ltd., trade name “Paper Adhesive Tape No. 208”, width 24 mm”
- the wiring is missing. It also includes a wiring board having characteristics that do not occur.
- a paper adhesive tape having a similar adhesive strength (1.7 NZ10 mm) can be used as the paper adhesive tape instead of the “paper adhesive tape No. 208”.
- the conductor wiring is formed on the surface of the porous film layer in which a large number of continuous micropores are present. Is obtained.
- the diffusion of ink and the like during the formation of conductor wiring is suppressed by a large number of minute holes (the lines do not bleed), so that the wiring width can be narrowed and fine wiring patterns are possible. That is, it is possible to achieve both high wiring adhesion strength and high wiring description, and to realize fine pitch. For example, no wiring loss occurs in the tape peel test, and the resistance value change after the tape peel test is very small.
- the wiring board of the present invention is usually R2ZR1 to 5, preferably R2ZR1 to 3, more preferably R1 when the resistance before the tape peeling test is Rl and the resistance after the tape peeling test is R2. R2ZR1 ⁇ 1.5.
- the wiring board of the present invention is formed using, for example, 30 pl of conductive ink. When printing by the kujet method, the dot size is usually 200 m or less.
- the average pore diameter of the porous film layer (average pore diameter on the film surface) is preferably 0.01 to 10 m, more preferably 0.05 to 5 m, and particularly preferably 0.1. ⁇ 2111. If the size of the hole is too small, when the conductor wiring is formed by, for example, a printing method, the permeability of ink or the like is lowered and the wiring adhesion is liable to be lowered. In addition, if the hole size is too large, when the conductor wiring is formed by, for example, a printing method, the anchoring property of ink or the like tends to be deteriorated, or the adhesion property of the beam wiring is likely to be lowered, or the ink diffuses and the wire spreads.
- the present invention provides a wiring board having a conductor wiring on at least one side of a porous film layer in which a large number of communicating micropores exist, and the average pore diameter of the porous film layer is 0. Ol-lO ⁇ m, and a wiring board in which the conductor wiring is formed by a printing method is also provided.
- the adhesion strength between the substrate and the wiring is low because ink or the like is not absorbed by the substrate. Since gumo ink etc. diffuses on the surface of the substrate, it is difficult for lines to blur and to form fine wiring immediately. Also
- the porosity (porosity) of the porous film layer is, for example, 30 to 80%, preferably 40 to 80%, and more preferably 50 to 80%. If the porosity is too low, when a conductor wiring is formed by a printing method, the permeability of ink or the like is lowered, and the wiring adhesion tends to be lowered. On the other hand, if the porosity is too high, the mechanical strength may be inferior. Further, the porosity (surface porosity) of the surface of the porous film layer is, for example, 48% or more (for example, 48 to 80%), and preferably about 60 to 80%.
- the surface area ratio is too low, when the conductor wiring is formed by a printing method, the permeability of ink or the like is lowered and the wiring adhesion is liable to be lowered. On the other hand, if the surface area porosity is too high, the mechanical strength tends to decrease.
- the thickness of the porous film layer is, for example, 0.1-100 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the porous film layer is, for example, 5 to: LOO / zm, more preferably 25 to 70 / ⁇ ⁇ .
- the thickness of the porous film layer is, for example, 0.1-100 ⁇ m, preferably 0.5-70. ⁇ m, more preferably 1 to 50 ⁇ m. If the thickness of the porous film layer is too thin, it is difficult to produce stably, whereas if it is too thick, it is difficult to uniformly control the pore size distribution.
- the thickness of the porous film layer is preferably at least twice the average pore diameter, particularly preferably at least 10 times.
- the average pore diameter of the micropores on the two surfaces of the porous film layer may have different pore characteristics due to different generation environments of the micropores when the porous film layer is formed.
- the average pore diameter A1 of the micropores on one side of the multi-porous film layer and the average pore diameter A2 of the micropores on the other side are: 0.1 ⁇ A1ZA2 ⁇ 10 (especially 0.2 ⁇ AlZA2 ⁇ 5) It is preferable to satisfy the relationship.
- the connectivity of the micropores present in the porous film layer can be determined by using the Gurley value representing the air permeability, the pure water permeation rate, and the like as an index.
- the Gurley value of the porous film layer is, for example, 0.2 to 2000 seconds Zl00cc, preferably 1 to: L000 seconds Zl00cc, and more preferably 1 to 500 seconds ZlOOcc. If the value is too large, the practical permeation performance may not be sufficient, or the functional material may not be sufficiently filled, and the function may not be exhibited. On the other hand, if the value is too small, the mechanical strength may be inferior.
- the relationship between the average pore diameter A of the surface facing the side and the width W of the conductor wiring is preferably WZA ⁇ 5, more preferably WZA ⁇ 10 and particularly preferably WZA ⁇ 50. If the WZA is less than 5, for example, when the conductor wiring is formed by a printing method, the anchoring property of the ink or the like is lowered and the wiring adhesion is lowered, or the ink is diffused and the wire is blotted. Tends to decrease.
- the width W of the conductor wiring is, for example, 200 ⁇ m or less (for example, 10 to 200 ⁇ m), preferably 150 m or less (for example, 10 to 150 ⁇ m), and more preferably 100 m or less (for example, 10 to: LOO / zm).
- the wiring board of the present invention has excellent wiring delineability. For example, when printed using 30 pl of conductive ink, the dot size can be reduced to 200 m or less. Is possible. Even if the width of the conductor wiring is narrow, the wiring Because the line adhesion strength is high, peeling is difficult.
- the material (raw material) constituting the porous film layer is not particularly limited as long as it has an insulating property, but a resin is preferable.
- the resin include polyimide-based resin, polyamide-imide-based resin, polyethersulfone-based resin, polyetherimide-based resin, polycarbonate-based resin, poly-phenylene sulfide-based resin, and liquid crystalline polyester-based resin.
- Resin Aromatic polyamide resin, Polyamide resin, Polybenzoxazole resin, Polybenzomidol resin, Polybenzothiazole resin, Polysulfone resin, Cellulose resin And acrylic resin.
- polyimide resin polyamideimide resin, polyethersulfone resin, polyetherimide resin
- Polycarbonate resin aromatic polyamide resin, polyamide resin, polybenzoxazole resin, polybenzimidazole resin, polysulfone resin, cellulose resin, etc.
- Polyamideimide resin, polyetherimide resin, polycarbonate resin, and polyethersulfone resin are preferable.
- the resin may be a copolymer or a graft polymer. These materials can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the porous film layer may be coated with a chemical resistant polymer compound on the layer surface and the inner surface of the pores.
- the porous film layer can be used alone as a substrate for conductor wiring.
- a laminate in which a porous film layer is formed on one or both sides of a dense layer substantially having no pores is used as conductor wiring. You may use as a base material. By using such a laminate, the mechanical strength of the substrate can be increased.
- the porous film layer in the present invention has excellent adhesion to the wiring when the conductor wiring is formed on the surface thereof by the printing method, and is excellent in adhesion to the wiring, and the ink etc. It is preferable to have a specific surface characteristic because it becomes easy to form a fine wiring that diffuses and the line blurs.
- a preferable porous film layer is composed of a layer having a contact angle within 1000 sec and a ⁇ force of 0 ° or less after dropping a solution 1 / z having a viscosity of 0.00001 to lPa ′s on the surface of the layer. Is done.
- Such a porous film layer has a contact angle of 100 sec after dropping 1 ⁇ l of a solution having a viscosity of 0.00001 to lPa ′s on the surface of the layer.
- a layer having a ⁇ force of 1 ⁇ 20 ° or less is preferably used.
- Examples of the solution having a viscosity of 0.00001 to lPa's include those exemplified as a printing ink or a solvent in paste described later.
- Examples of the embodiment of the wiring board of the present invention include the embodiments shown in Figs. 2 to 6 are schematic sectional views showing examples of the wiring board of the present invention.
- 1 is a porous film layer
- 2 is a conductor wiring
- 3 is a dense layer.
- Fig. 2 shows a wiring board with conductor wiring 2 formed on one side of porous film layer 1
- Fig. 3 shows a wiring board with conductor wiring 2 formed on both sides of porous film layer 1
- Fig. 4 shows dense layer 3.
- a wiring board having a porous film layer 1 laminated thereon and a conductor wiring 2 formed on the surface of the porous film layer 1 FIG.
- FIG. 5 shows a porous film layer 1 laminated on both sides of the dense layer 3
- FIG. 6 shows porous film layer 1 laminated on both surfaces of dense layer 3, and both surfaces of porous film layer 1
- the conductor wiring 2 is formed on the surface of the porous film layer 1, generally, as shown in Fig. 1 (A) or (D), the conductor wiring 2 is embedded in the porous film layer 1 to form a conductor.
- the conductor wiring 2 is partly in the porous film layer 1 as shown in FIG.
- the conductor wiring 2 is There may be a case where the porous film layer 1 is not embedded in the porous film layer 1 but is laminated on the surface of the porous film layer 1 (deposition state).
- the state of FIGS. 1 (A) and 1 (B) is also preferable in terms of the point of strength of the wiring adhesion.
- the state shown in Fig. 1 (C) or (F) is preferred.
- the state of FIG. 1 (A) or (D) It often happens.
- the state shown in Fig. 1 (B) (C) (E) (F) is often obtained.
- the average pore diameter of the surface layer of the porous layer is Rl, and the average of the particles contained in the ink
- Rl is in the range of about 0.01 to 10 111 and about 1 ⁇ 2 to .001 to 10 / ⁇ ⁇ . That is, a relationship satisfying the formula: 0.001 ⁇ R2ZR1 ⁇ 1000 is preferable.
- R1 is about 0.01 to 5 / ⁇ ⁇ and R2 force is about SO.001 to 0.2 m. That is, a relationship satisfying the formula: .0002 ⁇ R2 / R1 ⁇ 20 is preferred! / ,.
- R1 is about 0.01 to 10111 and about 1 ⁇ 2 to about 0.001 to 10 m. That is, a relationship satisfying the formula: 0.001 ⁇ R2ZR1 ⁇ 1000 is preferable.
- the material (material) constituting the dense layer is not particularly limited as long as it does not dissolve or severely deform when the porous film layer is formed, but an insulating resin is preferable.
- the resin include polyimide-based resin, polyamide-imide-based resin, polyethersulfone-based resin, polyetherimide-based resin, polycarbonate-based resin, polyarylate-based resin, and polyester-sulfide-based resin.
- Liquid crystalline polyester resin Liquid crystalline polyester resin, aromatic polyamide resin, polyamide resin, polybenzoxazole resin, polybenzomidol resin, polybenzothiazole resin, polysulfone resin, Cellulose resin, acrylic resin, polyethylene terephthalate resin, polyethylene naphthalate resin, polybutylene terephthalate resin, polyether ether ketone resin, fluorine resin, olefin resin, Resin such as styrene resin and salt vinyl resin can be listed.
- the resin may be a copolymer or a graft polymer. These materials can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the dense layer has a thickness of, for example, 1 to 300 ⁇ m, preferably 5 to: L00 ⁇ m, more preferably 5 to 50; If the thickness is too thin, handling becomes difficult. On the other hand, if it is too thick, flexibility may be reduced.
- the porous film layer can be formed by a phase change method. wear.
- a wet phase change that leads to a coagulating liquid after casting a mixed solution consisting of a material (resin component), a water-soluble polymer, a polar solvent, and if necessary water, which constitutes a porous film layer, onto a homogeneous substrate
- a porous film layer can be formed by the method.
- the material (resin component) constituting the porous film layer a material that can be dissolved in a water-soluble polar solvent and can form a film by a phase change method is specifically preferred. What was illustrated as a resin which comprises a layer can be used.
- precursors such as monomer components (raw materials) of the resin and oligomers thereof may be used.
- a porous film layer made of polyimide resin a porous film layer was obtained by the same method using polyamic acid, which is a precursor of polyimide resin (polyimide precursor). Thereafter, a porous film made of a desired polyimide resin can be obtained by thermal imidization or chemical imidization.
- water-soluble polymer or water is effective for making the membrane structure porous like a sponge.
- water-soluble polymer examples include polyethylene glycol, polybutyl pyrrolidone, polyethylene oxide, polybutyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid, polysaccharides and derivatives thereof, and mixtures thereof.
- polybulurpyrrolidone is preferred in that it can suppress the formation of voids inside the film and improve the mechanical strength of the film.
- These water-soluble polymers can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the molecular weight of the water-soluble polymer is, for example, 200 or more, preferably 300 or more, more preferably 400 or more (for example, about 400 to 200,000), and particularly preferably 1000 or more (for example, about 1,000 to 200,000). ).
- Water-soluble polymers are particularly effective in making the membrane structure sponge-like, and it is possible to obtain various structures by changing the type and amount of water-soluble polymers. It is an agent. However, since the water-soluble polymer is finally an unnecessary component, it is washed away when it is immersed in water or the like to solidify the porous layer. On the other hand, when forming a porous structure by the dry phase inversion method, water-soluble polymers cannot be added because insoluble components basically have to be removed by heating. Therefore, it can be said that it is difficult to form various porous structures by the dry phase inversion method.
- the polar solvent has a solubility (good) depending on the chemical skeleton of the resin used. Solvent).
- good solvents such as polyamideimide resin, polyamic acid, polyetherimide resin, and polycarbonate resin include dimethylacetamide (DMAc), N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), N, N -Dimethylformamide, NM PZ xylene, NMPZ xylene Z methyl ethyl ketone, ethyl alcohol Z toluene, dimethyl sulfoxide, 2-pyrrolidone and the like.
- Polar solvents can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Examples of the polymer solution to be cast include 8 to 25% by weight of a polymer component that is a material constituting the porous film layer, 10 to 50% by weight of a water-soluble polymer, 0 to 10% by weight of water, A mixed solution composed of 30 to 82% by weight of a water-soluble polar solvent is preferred.
- the concentration of the polymer (polymer component) that is the main component of the porous film layer is too low, the strength of the film becomes weak, and if it is too high, the porosity decreases.
- the water-soluble polymer that constitutes the polymer solution is added to make the inside of the film a homogeneous sponge-like porous structure. At this time, if the concentration is too low, a huge void exceeding 10 m is formed inside the film. It is generated and the homogeneity is lowered. If the concentration is too high, the solubility becomes worse.
- the amount of water added can be used to adjust the void diameter, and the diameter can be increased by increasing the amount added.
- Examples of the material (material) for the homogeneous substrate used when casting the polymer solution include glass as well as the resin exemplified as the material (material) constituting the dense layer.
- a homogeneous substrate a composite film or a sheet combining a plurality of materials having different surface materials and internal materials can be used.
- the composite film or sheet may be formed by bonding, or may be obtained by surface treatment such as coating, vapor deposition, or sputtering.
- the homogeneous substrate used here is used as the dense layer of the wiring substrate having the dense layer as it is, a material having an affinity for the material constituting the porous film layer (for example, the same type of monomer unit is used). It is preferable to select and use a resin that has been subjected to surface treatment such as easy adhesion treatment or corona discharge treatment.
- the relative humidity is 70. ⁇ 100% (preferably 90 ⁇ : L00%), temperature 15 ⁇ 90. C (preferably 30 to 80. C), and particularly preferred conditions are about 100% relative humidity (eg 95 to 100%), 40 to 70 ° C. If the amount of moisture in the air is less than this, there may be a case where the surface porosity is insufficient.
- the film is kept in an atmosphere consisting of a relative humidity of 70 to 100% and a temperature of 15 to 90 ° C. for 0.2 to 15 minutes, and then the non-solvent power of the polymer component It is desirable to lead to a coagulating liquid.
- the porous film layer can be made homogeneous and highly communicable.
- the reason for this is considered to be that moisture can penetrate from the surface of the film into the interior by placing it under humidification, thereby effectively promoting the phase separation of the polymer solution.
- the coagulation liquid used in the phase change method is not particularly limited as long as it is a solvent that coagulates the polymer component, and is appropriately selected depending on the type of resin used as the polymer component.
- polyamideimide resin polyamic resin
- solvents that coagulate acids, polyetherimide resins, polycarbonate resins, etc. include water; alcohols such as monohydric alcohols such as methanol and ethanol; polyhydric alcohols such as glycerin; and water-soluble substances such as polyethylene glycol. High molecular weight; water-soluble coagulation liquid such as a mixture thereof can be used.
- the porous film deposited by being guided to the coagulation liquid is subjected to drying as it is when a homogeneous base material is used as the dense layer, whereby a laminate of the dense layer and the porous film layer ( A substrate of the wiring board can be obtained.
- a laminated body having a porous film layer on both surfaces of the dense layer can be produced by forming the porous film layer on one surface of the dense layer and then performing the above operation again.
- the porous film layer can be obtained as a simple substance by transferring the porous film deposited by being guided to the coagulating liquid onto a homogeneous base material support and subjecting it to drying. This porous film layer can be used alone as a substrate of a wiring board.
- the support is made of a material that is resistant to coagulation liquid and has a large number of micropores on the surface in contact with the film in order to increase the drying speed. It is preferable to have a permeability that allows it to pass through.
- a support has an air permeability of less than 1000 seconds ZlOOcc (preferably less than 100 seconds ZlOOcc), a film thickness of 5 to: L000 m (preferably 50 to 500 m), and penetrated in the film cross-sectional direction.
- the pores of 0.01 to 10 111 preferably 0.03 to 1 / ⁇ ⁇ ) are dispersed with sufficient density.
- a nonwoven fabric or a porous film made of a polyolefin such as polyester, polyamide, polyethylene, and polypropylene, cellulose, Teflon (registered trademark), or the like can be used.
- the porous film obtained in this way is laminated on a dense layer separately prepared by a conventional film laminating means using, for example, an adhesive, and the porous film layer is formed on one side or both sides of the dense layer. It is also possible to obtain a laminate (base material for a wiring board) having the same.
- the porous film (layer) formed by the above method is further polymerized using heat, visible light, ultraviolet light, electron beam, radiation, etc. in order to improve the chemical resistance of the precursor. It may be advanced or subjected to crosslinking (curing) treatment.
- a film formed by using a polyimide precursor may be further subjected to thermal imidization or chemical imidization to obtain a porous film layer made of polyimide resin. it can.
- a film in which a porous film layer is formed using a polyamideimide resin can be subjected to thermal crosslinking.
- the obtained porous film (layer) may be dipped in a polymer solution having chemical resistance and dried to form a chemical resistant film on the film surface and the inner surface of the pores.
- the polymer having chemical resistance include phenolic resin, urea resin, melamine resin, benzoguanamine resin, polyimide resin, epoxy resin, benzoxazine resin, polypropylene resin, Polyurethane resin, fluorine resin, alkyd resin, cellulose acetate resin, phthalic acid resin, maleic acid resin, key resin, triazine resin, furan resin, Examples thereof include polyester-based resin, xylene-based resin, polybutyl alcohol, ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer, chitin, and chitosan.
- a porous structure composed of a resin such as a polyamideimide-based resin, a polyetherimide-based resin, or a polycarbonate-based resin, in which a large number of fine pores having communication properties exist uniformly.
- Porous film layer having an average pore diameter of 0.01 to 10 m, a porosity of 30 to 80% and a thickness of 0.1 to LOO m Film (layer) can be obtained.
- the micropore diameter, porosity, and open area ratio of the porous film layer are the types and amounts of the constituent components of the polymer solution, the amount of water used, the humidity during casting, the temperature, and the time. , To adjust to the desired value by appropriately selecting the type of homogeneous base material used for casting, post-treatment, etc. Can do.
- the wiring board of the present invention has, for example, a large number of micropores having communication properties obtained as described above, and has an average pore diameter of 0.01 to 10 / ⁇ ⁇ on at least one side of the porous film layer. It can be manufactured by forming a conductor wiring.
- the porous film layer is preferably a resin layer formed by a phase change method, particularly the wet phase change method as described above. As described above, the porous film layer has a force that can be used alone as a base material for a wiring board.
- a porous film layer having an average pore diameter of 0.01 to 10 m is formed on one side or both sides of a dense layer that has substantially no pores.
- the stacked laminate is also a base material for the wiring board.
- the method for forming the conductor wiring on the surface of the porous film layer is not particularly limited. It is preferable to form the conductor wiring by a force printing method.
- the printing method is not particularly limited. For example, letterpress printing (flexographic printing), inkjet printing, screen printing, offset printing, sublimation (melting) printing, thermal printing, gravure printing, laser printing, paste drawing, nano contact printing. Any of these may be used. These printing methods can be carried out by known or conventional methods.
- a method of printing a conductive ink or a conductor base on a porous film layer for example, (1) on the surface of the porous film layer, A method of forming conductive wiring by applying conductive ink by an ink jet method, (2) applying conductive ink to a plate on which irregularities are formed in a wiring pattern, and transferring this to the surface of the porous film layer to conductive wiring. (3) A method of forming a conductor wiring by extruding and drawing a conductor paste on the surface of the porous film layer, and (4) screening the conductor paste on the surface of the porous film layer. For example, a method of forming a conductor wiring by printing.
- the conductive ink is not particularly limited, and for example, gold ink, silver ink, silver nanometal ink, copper ink, carbon ink, silver-carbon ink, and the like can be used.
- the conductor paste is not particularly limited, and for example, silver conductor paste, copper conductor paste, gold conductor paste, palladium conductor paste, palladium-silver conductor paste, platinum conductor paste, white gold silver conductor paste, nickel Conductive paste can be used.
- the plating may be further performed on the formed conductor wiring by a conventional method.
- a plating catalyst is printed on the porous film layer, and then the plating is performed, for example, (5) porous film layer A method of forming a conductor wiring by printing a plating catalyst on the surface of the wiring pattern by an ink jet method, and (6) applying the plating catalyst to a plate having irregularities on the wiring pattern.
- a method of forming a conductor wiring by applying a plating After transferring to the surface of the porous film layer, a method of forming a conductor wiring by applying a plating, (7) After the drawing of the plating catalyst to the surface of the porous film layer by a syringe force, drawing into a wiring pattern, (8) A method in which a plating catalyst is drawn on the surface of the porous film layer by screen printing and then the plating is applied to form a conductor wiring. It is.
- a metal salt that acts as a catalyst for electroless plating treatment can be used.
- copper group elements such as gold, silver and copper
- platinum group elements such as palladium and platinum
- iron group elements such as nickel oxycarboxylates of selected metals (kenate, tartrate Etc.) or inorganic metal salts (sulfates, hydrochlorides, etc.).
- the printing of the plating catalyst can be carried out, for example, by preparing an ink containing a plating catalyst, an appropriate vehicle, and, if necessary, an additive, etc., and printing it with an appropriate printing method.
- a conductive wiring can be formed by electroless plating treatment and, if necessary, further electrical plating treatment.
- a reducing agent such as hypophosphorous acid or a salt thereof, hydrazine or a salt thereof, a hydrogenated compound, an aminoborane compound, glucose or formaldehyde can be used.
- the reduction treatment can be performed, for example, at a temperature of room temperature to about 50 ° C. using an aqueous solution of 0.5 to 10% by weight of a reducing agent.
- the electroless plating treatment can be performed by a known method using, for example, an electroless copper plating solution or an electroless nickel plating solution.
- the electroplating process can be performed by a known method using, for example, copper sulfate.
- an ink or paste consisting of at least a solid (solid content) and a solvent is used, and the contact angle on the surface of the porous film layer has a surface angle of the porous film layer.
- On the surface of a liquid film, especially the porous film layer that drops to 60 ° or less (more preferably 50 ° or less, more preferably 40 ° or less) within 300 seconds.
- Printing inks or pastes containing as the main solvent are preferred.
- the solvent in the printing ink or paste is quickly absorbed into the pores of the porous film layer, the viscosity of the ink or paste increases, the fluidity of the ink or paste is lost, and the porous Since the solid content in the ink or paste remains on the surface of the quality film layer, bleeding does not occur and a printed matter excellent in fine line delineability can be obtained.
- the solid matter (solid content) in the printing ink or paste can be selected depending on the purpose of forming the wiring, inductor, light emitter, resistor, capacitor, or semiconductor, and a known inorganic or organic substance can be used. it can.
- inorganic materials include metals (gold, silver, copper, nickel, aluminum, etc.), glass, inorganic EL materials (ZnS, Mn / CdSSe, ZnS: TbOF, ZnS: Tb, SrS: Ce, ( SrS: CeZnS), CaCa S: Ce, SrGa S: Ce, SrS: Ce / ZnS: Mn n 2 4 2 4
- Etc. carbon
- inorganic materials such as ceramic materials such as silica and zirconium
- organic substances organic pigments, conductive polymers, and organic semiconductor materials (such as pentacenes and thiophenes) can be used.
- shape of the solid content is not particularly limited, and various solid shapes such as particles, flakes, fibers, flakes, hollow particles, hollow fibers, etc. should be used as long as they do not impair the printability. Can do.
- the solvent in the printing ink or paste can be appropriately selected depending on the type of resin in the printing ink or paste, and includes, for example, hydrocarbon solvents, halogenated hydrocarbon solvents, alcohol solvents, phenol solvents. Ketone solvents, fatty acid 'acid anhydrides, ester solvents, nitrogen-containing sulfur-containing polar solvents, water, and the like can be used.
- Ink solvents are disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 2004-319281, 2004-111057, 2006-059669, 2004-143325, and the like.
- a solvent having a viscosity of 0.00001 to lPa's is preferably used in that it is well absorbed into the porous film layer.
- the printing ink or paste used for printing is preferably a printing ink or paste having a viscosity of 0.05 to lPa's. Even when such a printing ink or paste is used, the solvent in the printing ink or paste is quickly absorbed into the pores of the porous film layer, and solid matter remains on the surface of the porous film layer. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a printed material with excellent fine line delineability.
- the viscosity of the printing ink or paste can be adjusted by changing the type and concentration of solids, the type and concentration of additives such as rosin, and the type of solvent.
- a conductor wiring is formed on at least one surface of a porous film layer having a large number of communicating micropores and an average pore diameter of 0.01 to L0 m. Therefore, a wiring board having a high wiring adhesion strength and a high wiring delineability can be easily and efficiently produced by the action of a large number of micro holes.
- Printed matter 1 of the present invention is a printed matter on which the surface of the porous film layer is printed having at least an average line width of 10 to: LOO 0 m and a linear portion having a length of 500 m or more. When the fluctuation value F of the line width represented by (1) is 30% or less, it has the characteristics! /
- LAve is the average line width in a 500 ⁇ m long straight line
- LMax is the maximum line width in the 500 ⁇ m long straight line
- LMin is the minimum line width in the 500 m long straight line.
- the printed matter 2 of the present invention is a printed matter in which printing having a linear portion having an average line width of 10 to 1000 ⁇ m and a length of 500 ⁇ m or more is applied to the surface of the porous film layer, and the following formula ( The standard deviation ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ of the line width represented by 2) is 7 or less.
- LAve is the average line width in a 500 ⁇ m long straight line
- LMax is the maximum line width in the 500 ⁇ m long straight line
- LMin is the minimum line width in the 500 m long straight line.
- the line width variation value F and the standard deviation ⁇ are forces that are values in a linear portion having an average line width of 10 to L000 ⁇ m and a length of 500 ⁇ m or more. It is more preferable that the average line width is 15 to 100 ⁇ m and the length is 500 ⁇ m or more in the straight line section with a length of 500 ⁇ m or more. preferable. Printing is difficult if the average line width is less than 10 ⁇ m, and if the average line width exceeds 1000 ⁇ m, the wiring becomes thick and the entire circuit becomes large, which is not practical.
- the maximum line width LMax and the minimum line width LMin can be measured from a photograph of an enlarged photograph of a straight line with an average line width of 10 to 1000 ⁇ m and a length of 500 m (Fig. 11). reference).
- the average line width LAve can be calculated by tracing a line on a transparent film and converting it from the weight. If F is 30% or less or wrinkle is 7 or less, it can be judged as excellent printing (wiring) excellent in fine line delineability (linearity). F is preferably 20% or less, more preferably 10% or less.
- the soot is preferably 5 or less, more preferably 3 or less.
- F is equal to or less than the predetermined value and ⁇ is equal to or less than the predetermined value.
- F is equal to or less than the predetermined value and ⁇ is equal to or less than the predetermined value.
- Printed matter 3 of the present invention is a printed matter obtained by printing on the surface of the porous film layer using a plate, and the ratio of the opening width L1 of the plate to the corresponding printed width L2 after printing ( L2ZL1) is from 0.8 to 1.2.
- the opening width L1 of the plate means the line width of the straight line when the shape of the opening of the plate is, for example, a straight line, and the diameter of the circle when the shape of the opening of the plate is a circle. means.
- the shape of the opening portion of the plate is not limited to a straight line or a circle, but may be any shape such as a curve, a polygon such as a triangle or a rectangle, or a star.
- the corresponding print width L2 after printing can be obtained from an enlarged photograph with an electron microscope. For straight line drawing, the average line width of a 500 m long line can be used as L2.
- the printing width L2 can be obtained by tracing the outer shape on a transparent film and converting the weight force.
- the upper diagram in Fig. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between L1 and L2 when the plate opening is a straight line, and the lower diagram in Fig. 4 shows the relationship between L1 and L2 when the plate opening is a circle. It is explanatory drawing shown. L2ZL1 force ⁇ ). If it is in the range of 8 to 1.2, it can be judged as excellent printing (wiring) with excellent print reproducibility.
- the range of the aperture width L1 of the plate is, for example, 10 to: LOOO m (preferably 10 to 500 m, more preferably 15 to: LOO m).
- the value of L2ZL1 is preferably in the range of 0.9 to 1.1.
- the porous film layer preferably has a large number of communicating micropores (continuous micropores) uniformly.
- the outermost surface force of the printing part is homogeneous and at least 10 m, and it is more preferable that at least 20 m from the outermost surface of the printing part is homogeneous and porous.
- the average pore diameter of the porous film layer is preferably 0.01-20 m (eg, 0.01-10 m), more preferably 0.5-15 m, especially Preferably 1 to: LO / zm. If the size of the hole is too small, the permeability of the printing ink is lowered and the adhesion of printing tends to be lowered. Also, if the hole size is too large, the ink throwing ability will decrease and the adhesion of the printing will also be reduced, or the ink will diffuse and the lines will blur and the straight line drawing will tend to deteriorate. Mechanical strength decreases and deformation is likely to occur.
- the ink When the average pore diameter of the porous film layer is in the above range, the ink is smoothly absorbed into the porous film layer and has a high anchoring effect, so the adhesion strength of printing is extremely high. At the same time, the diffusion of ink is suppressed and excellent fine line delineability is obtained.
- the porosity (porosity) of the porous film layer is, for example, 30 to 80%, preferably 40 to 80%, and more preferably 50 to 80%. If the porosity is too low, the penetrability of the printing ink is lowered and the printing adhesion tends to be lowered. On the other hand, if the porosity is too high, the mechanical strength may be inferior. Further, the surface area porosity (surface area ratio) of the porous film layer is, for example, 30% or more (for example, 30 to 80%), and preferably about 50 to 80%. When the surface area ratio is too low, the permeability of the printing ink is lowered and the adhesion of printing tends to be lowered. On the other hand, if the surface area ratio is too high, the mechanical strength tends to decrease.
- the thickness of the porous film layer is, for example, 0.1 to 100 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the porous film layer is preferably 5 to: LOO / zm, more preferably 25 to 70 / ⁇ ⁇ .
- the thickness of the porous film layer is preferably 0.1 to 25 / ⁇ . ⁇ , more preferably 1 to: LO / zm. If the thickness of the porous film layer becomes too thin, the main solvent of the printing ink (paste) will be absorbed. On the other hand, if it is too thick, it is difficult to uniformly control the pore size distribution.
- the thickness of the porous film layer is preferably at least twice the average pore diameter, particularly preferably at least 10 times.
- the average pore diameter of the micropores on the two surfaces of the porous film layer may have different pore characteristics due to different micropore generation environments when the porous film layer is formed. For example, when a porous film is produced by a phase change method based on solidification after casting a polymer solution in which the resin constituting the porous film is dissolved into a film on a substrate (substrate). The resulting porous film is divided into the surface that is not in contact with the base material (air side surface) and the surface that is in contact with the base material! Since the micropore formation environment is different, they often have different pore characteristics.
- the average pore diameter ⁇ A of the micropores on one side of the porous film layer and the average pore size ⁇ of the micropores on the other side are 0.1 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 10 It is preferable to satisfy this relationship.
- ⁇ ⁇ and ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ are less than 0.1 or more than 10, the fine line delineability provided on both sides of the film is poor, and the fine line description tends to deteriorate.
- ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ be the average pore diameter of the micro-pores on the air-side surface of the porous film
- ⁇ B be the average pore size of the micro-pores on the substrate-side surface
- the value of ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ can be adjusted by appropriately setting the production conditions of the porous film. Specifically, for example, the type of the substrate on which the polymer solution containing the material constituting the porous film is cast, the surface characteristics of the substrate, and the atmosphere (temperature, humidity, etc.) when forming the micropores are appropriately set. Can be controlled.
- the connectivity of the micropores present in the porous film layer can be determined by using the Gurley value representing the air permeability, the pure water permeation rate, and the like as an index.
- the Gurley value of the porous film layer is preferably 0.2 to: L00 sec. Zl00cc, more preferably 1 to 50 sec / lOOcc. If the value is too large, the absorbability of the printing ink solvent tends to decrease, whereas if the value is too small, the mechanical strength may be inferior.
- the relationship between the average pore diameter A of the side surface and the width W of the linear portion of the printing is preferably WZA ⁇ 5, more preferably WZA ⁇ 10. If WZA is less than 5, the throwing property of printing ink etc. will be reduced and the adhesion of printing will be reduced. Or the ink is diffused and the lines are blurred and the fine line depiction is liable to be lowered.
- the printed matter of the present invention has a linear portion having at least an average line width of 10 to 1000 ⁇ m and a length of 500 ⁇ m or more, but is narrower than this, a straight portion or this portion. It may have a wider, straight part, non-linear part, etc.
- a resin having insulating properties is preferable.
- the resin include polyimide-based resin, polyamide-imide-based resin, polyethersulfone-based resin, polyetherimide-based resin, polycarbonate-based resin, polyarylate-based resin, polyphenylene sulfide-based resin, liquid crystal Polyesterol resin, aromatic polyamide resin, polyamide resin, polybenzoxazole resin, polybenzoimidazole resin, polybenzothiazole resin, polysulfone resin, cellulose
- resin acrylic resin, epoxy resin, polyolefin resin (polymethylpentene resin, cyclic polyolefin resin, etc.), fluorine resin (polyvinylidene fluoride resin, etc.), etc.
- polyimide resin polyamideimide resin, polyethersulfone resin, polyetherimide resin
- Polycarbonate-based resin aromatic polyamide-based resin, polyamide-based resin, polybenzoxazole-based resin, polybenzoimidazole-based resin, polysulfone-based resin, and cellulose-based resin
- polyamide imide resin, polyetherimide resin, polycarbonate resin, and polyethersulfone resin are preferable.
- the resin may be a copolymer or a graft polymer. These materials can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the porous film layer may be coated with a chemical resistant polymer compound on the layer surface and the inner surface of the pores.
- the porous film layer can be used alone as a substrate (printed body) of printed matter, but the porous film layer force is formed on one side or both sides of a support such as a dense layer having substantially no pores. It is also possible to use the resulting laminate as a substrate for printed matter. By using such a laminate, the mechanical strength of the substrate can be increased.
- the substrate (printed body) of the printed material is a single porous film layer, it can be printed on one or both sides of the porous film layer, and thus a circuit or the like can be formed on one or both sides.
- the substrate of the printed material (printed material) is composed of a support and a porous film layer provided on one or both sides thereof. Also in the case of a laminated body, it is possible to print on one or both sides of the substrate, and thus a circuit or the like can be formed on one or both sides.
- the material constituting the support is not particularly limited, and various materials such as resin, fiber, metal, and ceramic can be used.
- the support may have any shape such as a film shape, a fiber shape, and a plate shape.
- Representative examples of the material constituting the support include, for example, polyimide resin, polyamideimide resin, polyethersulfone resin, polyetherimide resin, polycarbonate resin, polyarylate resin, Polyphenylene sulfide resin, liquid crystalline polyester resin, polyester resin, aromatic polyamide resin, polyamide resin, polybenzoxazole resin, polybenzoimidazole resin, polyben Plastics such as zothiazole resin, polysulfone resin, polyolefin resin, cellulose resin, acrylic resin, fluorine resin, urethane resin, silicone resin, epoxy resin, iron, Metals such as aluminum, copper, titanium, tin, and zinc; inorganic materials such as glass, ceramics, concrete, and rock; wood, bamboo, etc.
- polyimide film polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, film such as aramid, glass epoxy substrate and the like are preferable from the viewpoint of easy handling, strength, heat resistance and the like.
- the thickness of the support is, for example, 1 to 300 ⁇ m, preferably 5 to LOO ⁇ m. If the thickness is too thin, handling becomes difficult. On the other hand, if it is too thick, flexibility may be reduced.
- the porous film layer can be formed by a phase change method.
- a wet phase in which a mixed solution consisting of a material constituting the porous film layer (a resin component), a water-soluble polymer, a polar solvent, and, if necessary, water is cast onto a homogeneous substrate and then led to a coagulation liquid.
- a porous film layer can be formed by a conversion method.
- the material (resin component) constituting the porous film layer a material that dissolves in a water-soluble polar solvent and can form a film by a phase change method is preferred. What was illustrated as a resin which comprises a film layer can be used.
- precursors such as monomer components (raw materials) of the resin and oligomers thereof may be used.
- a porous film layer made of polyimide resin a polyimide resin precursor (polyimide)
- a porous film made of a desired polyimide resin can be obtained by thermal imidization or chemical imidization. it can.
- water-soluble polymer or water is effective for making the membrane structure porous like a sponge.
- the water-soluble polymer include polyethylene glycol, polybutyl pyrrolidone, polyethylene oxide, polybutyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid, polysaccharides and derivatives thereof, and mixtures thereof.
- polybulurpyrrolidone is preferred in that it can suppress the formation of voids inside the film and improve the mechanical strength of the film.
- These water-soluble polymers can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the molecular weight of the water-soluble polymer is, for example, 200 or more, preferably 300 or more, more preferably 400 or more (for example, about 400 to 200,000), and particularly preferably 1000 or more (for example, about 1,000 to 200,000). ).
- Water-soluble polymers are particularly effective for making the membrane structure into a sponge-like structure, and it is possible to obtain various structures by changing the type and amount of the water-soluble polymer. It is an agent. However, since the water-soluble polymer is finally an unnecessary component, it is washed away when it is immersed in water or the like to solidify the porous layer.
- the porous structure can be formed by any of the dry phase conversion method and the wet phase conversion method, it is desirable to form the porous structure by the wet phase conversion method from the above points.
- polar solvent those having solubility (good solvent) can be used according to the chemical skeleton of the resin used.
- good solvents such as polyamideimide resin, polyamic acid, polyetherimide resin, and polycarbonate resin include dimethylacetamide (DMAc), N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), N, N -Dimethylformamide, NM PZ xylene, NMPZ xylene Z methyl ethyl ketone, ethyl alcohol Z toluene, dimethyl sulfoxide, 2-pyrrolidone and the like.
- Polar solvents can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Examples of the polymer solution to be cast include, for example, 8 to 25% by weight of a polymer component as a material constituting the porous film layer, 10 to 50% by weight of a water-soluble polymer, 0 to 10% by weight of water, A mixed solution composed of 30 to 82% by weight of a water-soluble polar solvent is preferred.
- a polymer component as a material constituting the porous film layer
- a mixed solution composed of 30 to 82% by weight of a water-soluble polar solvent is preferred.
- the water-soluble polymer that constitutes the polymer solution is added to make the inside of the film a homogeneous sponge-like porous structure.
- the concentration is too low, a huge void exceeding 10 m is formed inside the film. It is generated and the homogeneity is lowered. If the concentration is too high, the solubility becomes worse.
- the amount of water added can be used to adjust the void diameter, and the diameter can be increased by increasing the amount added.
- Examples of the homogeneous substrate material (material) used when casting the polymer solution include those exemplified as the material (material) constituting the support in the laminate.
- a homogeneous substrate a composite film or a sheet combining a plurality of materials having different surface materials and internal materials can be used.
- the composite film or sheet may be formed by bonding, or may be obtained by surface treatment such as coating, vapor deposition, or sputtering.
- a material having an affinity for the material constituting the porous film layer for example, a resin having the same type of monomer unit). Etc.), or those obtained by subjecting the resin to surface treatment such as easy adhesion treatment or corona discharge treatment, are preferably used.
- the preferred conditions for casting the polymer solution in the form of a film are a relative humidity of 70 to 100% (preferably 90 to: LOO%), and a temperature of 15 to 90. C (preferably 30 to 80. C), and particularly preferred conditions are about 100% relative humidity (eg 95 to 100%), 40 to 70 ° C. If the amount of moisture in the air is less than this, there may be a case where the surface porosity is insufficient.
- the film is kept in an atmosphere consisting of a relative humidity of 70 to 100% and a temperature of 15 to 90 ° C. for 0.2 to 15 minutes, and then the non-solvent power of the polymer component It is desirable to lead to a coagulating liquid.
- the porous film layer can be made homogeneous and highly communicable.
- the reason for this is considered to be that moisture can penetrate from the surface of the film into the interior by placing it under humidification, thereby effectively promoting the phase separation of the polymer solution.
- the coagulation liquid used in the phase change method is not particularly limited as long as it is a solvent that coagulates the polymer component, and is appropriately selected depending on the type of resin used as the polymer component.
- polyamideimide resin polyamic resin Solvents for coagulating acid
- polyetherimide resin polycarbonate resin, etc.
- water for example, water; alcohols such as monohydric alcohols such as methanol and ethanol, polyhydric alcohols such as glycerin; and water-soluble substances such as polyethylene glycol High molecular weight; water-soluble coagulation liquid such as a mixture thereof can be used.
- the porous film deposited by being guided to the coagulation liquid is dried as it is when a homogeneous base material is used as the support in the laminate, thereby allowing the support, the porous film layer, A laminate (printed body) can be obtained.
- a laminate having a porous film layer on both sides of the support can be produced by forming the porous film layer on one side of the support and then performing the above operation again.
- the porous film layer can be obtained as a single body by transferring the porous film, which has been guided by the coagulation liquid, to a uniform base material support plate and drying it. This porous film layer can be used alone as a substrate of a wiring board.
- the support plate is made of a material that is resistant to coagulation liquid and has a large number of micropores on the surface in contact with the film in order to increase the drying speed. It is preferable to have a permeability that can be reduced.
- a support plate for example, has an air permeability of less than 1000 seconds ZlOOcc (preferably less than 100 seconds ZlOOcc), a film thickness of ⁇ 1000 m (preferably 50 to 500 ⁇ m), and penetrated in the film cross-sectional direction.
- the pores of 01 to 10 111 (preferably 0.03 to 1 / ⁇ ⁇ ) are dispersed at a sufficient density.
- a nonwoven fabric or a porous film made of a polyolefin such as polyester, polyamide, polyethylene, and polypropylene, cellulose, Teflon (registered trademark), or the like can be used.
- the porous film obtained in this way is laminated on a support (dense layer, etc.) separately prepared by a conventional film laminating means using, for example, an adhesive, and is applied to one or both sides of the support. It is possible to obtain a laminate (printed body) having a porous film layer.
- the porous film (layer) formed by the above method is further polymerized using heat, visible light, ultraviolet light, electron beam, radiation, etc. in order to improve the chemical resistance of the precursor. It may be advanced or subjected to crosslinking (curing) treatment.
- polyimide precursor A porous film layer made of polyimide-based resin can be obtained by subjecting the film formed by using the body to thermal imidization or chemical imidization.
- a film in which a porous film layer is formed using a polyamideimide resin can be subjected to thermal crosslinking.
- the obtained porous film (layer) may be dipped in a polymer solution having chemical resistance and dried to form a chemical resistant film on the film surface and the inner surface of the pores.
- Examples of the polymer having chemical resistance include phenolic resin, urea resin, melamine resin, benzoguanamine resin, polyimide resin, epoxy resin, benzoxazine resin, polypropylene resin, Polyurethane resin, fluorine resin, alkyd resin, cellulose acetate resin, phthalic acid resin, maleic acid resin, key resin, triazine resin, furan resin, Examples thereof include polyester-based resin, xylene-based resin, polybutyl alcohol, ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer, chitin, and chitosan.
- a polyamideimide-based resin, a polyetherimide-based resin, a polycarbonate-based resin, a polyethersulfone-based resin having a large number of uniformly communicating micropores and being uniformly present A porous film layer made of a resin, wherein the porous film layer has an average pore diameter of 0.01 to 10 / ⁇ ⁇ , a porosity of 30 to 80%, and a thickness of 0.
- a porous film (layer) of 1-100 ⁇ m can be obtained.
- the micropore diameter, porosity, and open area ratio of the porous film layer are the types and amounts of the constituent components of the polymer solution, the amount of water used, the humidity during casting, the temperature, and the time. It can be adjusted to a desired value by appropriately selecting the type of homogeneous substrate used for casting, post-treatment, and the like.
- the printed matter 1 and 2 of the present invention has, for example, a large number of micropores having the connectivity obtained as described above, and has an average pore diameter of 0.01 to 10 m on at least one side of the porous film layer.
- At least an average line width of 10 to: can be produced by applying a print having a linear portion having a length of 500 ⁇ m or more at LOOO ⁇ m.
- the porous film layer is preferably a resin layer formed by a phase change method, particularly the wet phase change method as described above.
- the porous film layer can serve as a substrate for printed matter as a single substance, but has a pore diameter of 0.01 to 20 / zm on one side or both sides of a support such as a dense layer having substantially no pores.
- a laminate in which a quality film layer is laminated also serves as a substrate for printed matter.
- the method for printing on the surface of the porous film layer is not particularly limited.
- These printing methods can be performed by known or conventional methods. Among these, the method of printing by extruding the paste through a screen mesh or a metal mask is preferable.
- the printed matter 3 of the present invention has at least one surface of a porous film layer having a large number of communicating micropores obtained as described above and having an average pore diameter of 0.01 to 10 / ⁇ ⁇ , for example. Furthermore, it can be manufactured by printing using a plate.
- This porous film layer is preferably a resin layer formed by a phase change method, particularly the wet phase change method as described above.
- the porous film layer is a porous material having an average pore diameter of 0.01 to 10 m on one side or both sides of a support such as a dense layer having substantially no pores, which can serve as a substrate for printed matter as described above.
- a laminate in which film layers are laminated also serves as a substrate for printed matter.
- the method of printing on the surface of the porous film layer using a plate is not particularly limited, and may be any of screen printing, offset printing, gravure printing, and the like. These printing methods can be performed by known or conventional methods. Among these, the method of printing by extruding the paste through a screen mesh or a metal mask is preferable.
- a printed wiring board is produced by forming a conductive wiring (circuit) by printing a conductive ink or a conductive paste on the surface of the porous film layer.
- a specific method for forming such a conductive wiring for example, (1) a method of forming a conductive wiring by applying a conductive ink to the surface of the porous film layer by an inkjet method, and (2) a wiring pattern shape.
- the conductive ink is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include gold ink, silver ink, and silver nanometal-in. , Copper ink, carbon ink, silver-carbon ink, etc. can be used.
- the conductor paste is not particularly limited, and for example, silver conductor paste, copper conductor paste, gold conductor paste, palladium conductor paste, palladium-silver conductor paste, platinum conductor paste, white gold silver conductor paste, nickel Conductive paste can be used.
- the plating may be further performed on the formed conductor wiring by a conventional method.
- a plating catalyst is printed on the porous film layer and then the plating is applied, for example, (5) the surface of the porous film layer
- the plating is applied to form the conductor wiring.
- the plating catalyst is applied to the plate on which the unevenness is formed on the wiring pattern, and this is made porous.
- a method of forming a conductor wiring by applying a plating After transferring to the surface of the film layer, a method of forming a conductor wiring by applying a plating, (7) Extruding the plating catalyst to the surface of the porous film layer by syringe force and drawing the wiring pattern, then applying the plating (8) A method of forming a conductor wiring by drawing a plating catalyst on the surface of the porous film layer by screen printing and then applying the plating to the surface of the porous film layer. That.
- a metal salt that acts as a catalyst for electroless plating treatment can be used.
- copper group elements such as gold, silver and copper
- platinum group elements such as palladium and platinum
- iron group elements such as nickel, metal oxycarboxylates (kenate, tartrate) Etc.) or inorganic metal salts (sulfates, hydrochlorides, etc.).
- the printing of the plating catalyst can be carried out, for example, by preparing an ink containing a plating catalyst, an appropriate vehicle, and, if necessary, an additive, etc., and printing it with an appropriate printing method.
- a conductive wiring can be formed by electroless plating treatment and, if necessary, further electrical plating treatment.
- a reducing agent such as hypophosphorous acid or a salt thereof, hydrazine or a salt thereof, a hydrogenated compound, an aminoborane compound, glucose or formaldehyde can be used.
- the reduction treatment can be performed at a temperature of room temperature to about 50 ° C., for example, using an aqueous solution of 0.5 to 10% by weight of a reducing agent.
- the electroless plating treatment can be performed by a known method using, for example, an electroless copper plating solution or an electroless nickel plating solution.
- the electroplating process can be performed by a known method using, for example, copper sulfate.
- an ink or paste consisting of at least a solid (solid content) and a solvent is used, and the contact angle on the surface of the porous film layer is determined by the surface of the porous film layer.
- On the surface of a liquid film, especially the porous film layer which drops to 60 ° or less (more preferably 50 ° or less, more preferably 40 ° or less) within 300 seconds.
- Droplet of 1 drops within 60 sec to 60 ° or less (more preferably 50 ° or less, more preferably 40 ° or less), and droplet radius when 300 / z sec elapses is 1600 ⁇ m or less
- Printing inks or pastes containing a liquid (preferably 1500 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 1400 ⁇ m or less) as the main solvent (the most abundant solvent) are preferred.
- the solid matter (solid content) in the printing ink or paste can be selected depending on the purpose of forming the wiring, inductor, light emitter, resistor, capacitor or semiconductor, and may be a known inorganic or organic substance. it can.
- inorganic materials include metals (gold, silver, copper, nickel, aluminum, etc.), glass, inorganic EL materials (ZnS, Mn / CdSSe, ZnS: TbOF, ZnS: Tb, SrS: Ce, ( SrS: CeZnS), CaCa S: Ce, SrGa S: Ce, SrS: Ce / ZnS: Mn n 2 4 2 4
- Etc. carbon
- inorganic materials such as ceramic materials such as silica and zirconium
- organic substances organic pigments, conductive polymers, and organic semiconductor materials (such as pentacenes and thiophenes) can be used.
- shape of the solid content is not particularly limited, and various solid shapes such as particles, flakes, fibers, flakes, hollow particles, hollow fibers, etc. should be used as long as they do not impair the printability. Can do.
- the solvent in the printing ink or paste can be appropriately selected depending on the type of resin in the printing ink or paste, and examples thereof include hydrocarbon solvents, halogenated hydrocarbon solvents, alcohol solvents, phenol solvents. Ketone solvents, fatty acid 'acid anhydrides, ester solvents, nitrogen-containing sulfur-containing polar solvents, water, and the like can be used. Specifically, for example, toluene, terpineol, decalin, tetradecane, decanol, diethylene glycol module.
- the printing ink or paste used for printing is preferably a printing ink or paste having a viscosity of 0.05 to LPA's. Even when such a printing ink or paste is used, the solvent in the printing ink or paste is quickly absorbed into the pores of the porous film layer, and solid matter remains on the surface of the porous film layer. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a printed material with excellent fine line delineability.
- the viscosity of the printing ink or paste can be adjusted by changing the type and concentration of solids, the type and concentration of additives such as rosin, and the type of solvent.
- the method for producing a printed pattern of the present invention comprises (1) a step of printing on a porous film layer, (2A) a step of contacting the printed porous film layer with a solvent, and (3A) a solvent. And a step of forming a densified layer through a drying step.
- FIG. 27 is an explanatory diagram (according to a cross-sectional view) of each step showing an example of the method for producing a printed pattern of the present invention.
- 1 is a porous film layer
- 6 is a support
- 7 is printing
- 8 is a solvent
- 9 is a porous film layer soaked with a solvent
- 11 is a densified layer.
- step (1) printing 7 is performed on the porous film layer 1.
- the porous film layer preferably has a large number of micropores (continuous micropores) having communication properties and exists uniformly.
- the outermost surface force of the printed part is at least 10% (relative to the entire thickness), and the outermost surface force of the printed part is preferably at least 20% (relative to the entire thickness).
- the material is homogeneously porous. In particular, it is desirable that the entire porous film layer be homogeneous and porous.
- the average pore diameter of the porous film layer is preferably 0.01-20 m (eg, 0.01-10 m), more preferably 0.5-15 m, particularly Preferably 1 to: LO / zm. If the size of the hole is too small, the permeability of the printing ink is lowered and the adhesion of printing tends to be lowered. Also, if the hole size is too large, the ink throwing ability will decrease and the adhesion of the printing will also be reduced, or the ink will diffuse and the lines will blur and the straight line drawing will tend to deteriorate. Mechanical strength decreases and deformation is likely to occur.
- the ink When the average pore diameter of the porous film layer is in the above range, the ink is smoothly absorbed into the porous film layer and has a high anchoring effect, so the adhesion strength of printing is extremely high. At the same time, the diffusion of ink is suppressed and excellent fine line delineability is obtained.
- the porosity (porosity) of the porous film layer is, for example, 30 to 80%, preferably 40 to 80%, and more preferably 50 to 80%. If the porosity is too low, the penetrability of the printing ink is lowered and the printing adhesion tends to be lowered. On the other hand, if the porosity is too high, the mechanical strength may be inferior. Moreover, the surface area porosity (surface area ratio) of the porous film layer is, for example, 30% or more (for example, 30 to 80%), and preferably about 50 to 80%. When the surface area ratio is too low, the permeability of the printing ink is lowered and the adhesion of printing tends to be lowered. On the other hand, if the surface area ratio is too high, the mechanical strength tends to decrease.
- the thickness of the porous film layer is, for example, 0.1-100 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the porous film layer is preferably 5 to: LOO / z m and more preferably 25 to 70 / ⁇ ⁇ .
- the thickness of the porous film layer is preferably 0.1 to 25 / ⁇ . ⁇ , more preferably 1 to: LO / zm. If the thickness of the porous film layer becomes too thin, the absorbency of the main solvent of the printing ink (paste) is inferior. On the other hand, if it is too thick, it is difficult to uniformly control the pore size distribution.
- the thickness of the porous film layer is preferably 2 times or more of the average pore diameter, particularly preferably 10 times or more.
- the average pore diameter of the micropores on the two surfaces of the porous film layer may have different pore characteristics due to different micropore generation environments when forming the porous film layer.
- a porous film is produced by a phase change method based on solidification after casting a polymer solution in which the resin constituting the porous film is dissolved into a film on a substrate (substrate).
- the resulting porous film is divided into the surface that is not in contact with the base material (air side surface) and the surface that is in contact with the base material! Since the micropore formation environment is different, they often have different pore characteristics.
- the average pore diameter ⁇ A of the micropores on one side of the porous film layer and the average pore size ⁇ of the micropores on the other side are 0.1 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 10 It is preferable to satisfy this relationship.
- ⁇ ⁇ and ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ are less than 0.1 or more than 10, the fine line drawing provided on both sides of the film is poor, and the fine line description is likely to deteriorate.
- ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ be the average pore diameter of the micro-pores on the air-side surface of the porous film
- ⁇ B be the average pore size of the micro-pores on the substrate-side surface
- the value of ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ can be adjusted by appropriately setting the production conditions of the porous film. Specifically, for example, the type of the substrate on which the polymer solution containing the material constituting the porous film is cast, the surface characteristics of the substrate, and the atmosphere (temperature, humidity, etc.) when forming the micropores are appropriately set. Can be controlled.
- the connectivity of the micropores present in the porous film layer is the Gurley value representing the air permeability, and The pure water permeation rate can be used as an index.
- the Gurley value of the porous film layer is preferably ⁇ MA 0.2 or less: LOO less / 100cc, more preferably ⁇ or 1-50 less / 100cc, special [preferably less than 1 ⁇ : LO seconds ZlOOcc. If the value is too large, the absorbency of the solvent of the printing ink will be reduced, while if the value is too small, the mechanical strength may be inferior.
- a resin having insulating properties is preferable.
- the resin include polyimide-based resin, polyamide-imide-based resin, polyethersulfone-based resin, polyetherimide-based resin, polycarbonate-based resin, polyarylate-based resin, polyphenylene sulfide-based resin, liquid crystal Polyesterol resin, aromatic polyamide resin, polyamide resin, polybenzoxazole resin, polybenzoimidazole resin, polybenzothiazole resin, polysulfone resin, cellulose
- resin acrylic resin, epoxy resin, polyolefin resin (polymethylpentene resin, cyclic polyolefin resin, etc.), fluorine resin (polyvinylidene fluoride resin, etc.), etc.
- polyimide resin polyamideimide resin, polyethersulfone resin, polyetherimide resin
- Polycarbonate-based resin aromatic polyamide-based resin, polyamide-based resin, polybenzoxazole-based resin, polybenzoimidazole-based resin, polysulfone-based resin, and cellulose-based resin
- polyamide imide resin, polyetherimide resin, polycarbonate resin, and polyethersulfone resin are preferable.
- the resin may be a copolymer or a graft polymer. These materials can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the porous film layer may be coated with a chemical resistant polymer compound on the layer surface and the inner surface of the pores.
- the porous film layer 1 can be used alone as a substrate (printed body) of a printed material.
- a laminate formed on both sides may be used as a substrate for printed matter.
- the mechanical strength of the substrate can be increased.
- the substrate (printed material) of the printed material is a single porous film layer, it can be printed on one or both sides of the porous film layer, and therefore a circuit or the like can be formed on one or both sides.
- the substrate of the printed material (printed body) is composed of a support and a porous film layer provided on one or both sides thereof. Also in the case of a laminate, it is possible to print on one side or both sides of the substrate, and thus a circuit or the like can be formed on one side or both sides.
- the material (material) constituting the support is not particularly limited, and various materials such as resin, fiber, metal, and ceramic can be used.
- the support may have any shape such as a film shape, a fiber shape, a plate shape, and a foil shape. Further, the support may be a dense support or a support having a large number of through holes.
- Representative examples of the material constituting the support include, for example, polyimide-based resins, polyamideimide-based resins, polyethersulfone-based resins, polyetherimide-based resins, polycarbonate-based resins, and polyarylate-based resins.
- Fat polyphenylene sulfide resin, liquid crystalline polyester resin, polyester resin, aromatic polyamide resin, polyamide resin, polybenzoxazole resin, polybenzoimidazole Resin, Polybenzothiazole resin, Polysulfone resin, Polyolefin resin, Cellulose resin, Acrylic resin, Fluorine resin, Urethane resin, Silicone resin, Epoxy resin, etc.
- Plastics such as iron, aluminum, copper, titanium, tin, zinc
- inorganic materials such as glass, ceramics, concrete, rocks; wood, Examples include bamboo. These materials can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- a polyimide film, a film such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, and a polyamide, a glass epoxy substrate, and the like are preferable in terms of ease of handling, strength, and heat resistance.
- the support is a metal foil
- a copper foil, an aluminum foil, an iron foil, a nickel foil, a gold foil, a silver foil, a tin foil, a zinc foil, a stainless steel foil or the like can be used as the metal foil.
- the metal foil may be a single layer or a composite metal foil composed of a plurality of layers having the same or different material strength.
- a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer may be provided on the opposite surface of the metal foil from the porous film layer, or a protective film (release film) may be provided on the outer side thereof.
- the support is a support having a large number of through-holes
- examples thereof include woven fabrics (natural fibers such as cotton fibers, glass fibers, PEEK fibers, aromatic polyamide fibers, and polybenzoxazole fibers).
- mesh cloth polyyester mesh cloth, nylon mesh cloth, carbon mesh cloth, Teflon (registered trademark) mesh cloth, polypropylene mesh cloth, Synorec mesh cloth, polyethylene mesh cloth
- Plastic film or sheet having a large number of through holes such as punching film (such as those formed by applying punching force to a film such as PET or polyimide); wire mesh (plain weave wire mesh, twill weave wire mesh) , Flat woven wire mesh, twill woven wire mesh, etc.), punching metal (formed by punching metal foil or sheet), expanded metal, etching metal, etc. Examples thereof include metal foil or sheet.
- a mesh cloth resistant to water is preferably used.
- the thickness of the support is, for example, 1 to 300 ⁇ m, preferably 5 to: LOO ⁇ m. If the thickness is too thin, handling becomes difficult. On the other hand, if it is too thick, flexibility may be reduced.
- the porous film layer can be formed by a phase change method.
- a wet phase change that leads to a coagulation liquid after casting a mixed solution consisting of a material (resin component) constituting the porous film layer, a water-soluble polymer, a polar solvent, and, if necessary, water onto a homogeneous substrate.
- a porous film layer can be formed by this method.
- the material (resin component) constituting the porous film layer a material that can be dissolved in a water-soluble polar solvent and can form a film by a phase change method is preferred. What was illustrated as a rosin which comprises can be used.
- a monomer component (raw material) of the resin and a precursor such as an oligomer thereof may be used.
- the porous film layer is formed by the same method using polyamic acid, which is a polyimide resin precursor (polyimide precursor).
- polyimide precursor polyimide precursor
- a porous film made of a desired polyimide-based resin can be obtained by thermal imidization or chemical imidization.
- water-soluble polymer or water is effective for making the membrane structure porous like a sponge.
- the water-soluble polymer include polyethylene glycol, polybutyl pyrrolidone, polyethylene oxide, polybutyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid, polysaccharides and derivatives thereof, and mixtures thereof.
- polybulurpyrrolidone is preferred in that it can suppress the formation of voids inside the film and improve the mechanical strength of the film.
- These water-soluble polymers can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the weight average molecular weight of the water-soluble polymer is, for example, 200 or more, preferably 300 or more, more preferably 400 or more (for example, 400 to 200,000). Degree), particularly preferably 1000 or more (for example, about 1,000 to 200,000).
- the water-soluble polymer is very effective especially for making the membrane structure into a sponge shape, and it is possible to obtain various structures by changing the type and amount of the water-soluble polymer. It is an agent. However, since the water-soluble polymer is finally an unnecessary component, it is washed away when it is immersed in water or the like to solidify the porous layer.
- the porous structure can be formed by any of the dry phase conversion method and the wet phase conversion method, it is desirable to form the porous structure by the wet phase conversion method from the above points.
- polar solvent a solvent (good solvent) having solubility according to the chemical skeleton of the resin used can be used.
- good solvents such as polyamideimide resin, polyamic acid, polyetherimide resin, and polycarbonate resin include dimethylacetamide (DMAc), N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), N, N -Dimethylformamide, NM PZ xylene, NMPZ xylene Z methyl ethyl ketone, ethyl alcohol Z toluene, dimethyl sulfoxide, 2-pyrrolidone and the like.
- Polar solvents can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Examples of the polymer solution to be cast include 8 to 25% by weight of a polymer component as a material constituting the porous film layer, 10 to 50% by weight of a water-soluble polymer, 0 to 10% by weight of water, A mixed solution composed of 30 to 82% by weight of a water-soluble polar solvent is preferred.
- the concentration of the polymer (polymer component) that is the main component of the porous film layer is too low, the strength of the film becomes weak, and if it is too high, the porosity decreases.
- the water-soluble polymer that constitutes the polymer solution is added to make the inside of the film a homogeneous sponge-like porous structure. At this time, if the concentration is too low, a huge void exceeding 10 m is formed inside the film. It is generated and the homogeneity is lowered. If the concentration is too high, the solubility becomes worse.
- the amount of water added can be used to adjust the void diameter, and the diameter can be increased by increasing the amount added.
- Examples of the material (material) for the homogeneous substrate used when casting the polymer solution include those exemplified as the material (material) constituting the support in the laminate.
- a homogeneous substrate a composite film or a sheet combining a plurality of materials having different surface materials and internal materials can be used.
- Composite film or sheet is formed by bonding It may be formed or may be obtained by surface treatment such as coating, vapor deposition or sputtering.
- a material having an affinity for the material constituting the porous film layer for example, a resin having the same type of monomer unit). Etc.), or those obtained by subjecting the resin to surface treatment such as easy adhesion treatment or corona discharge treatment, are preferably used.
- the preferred conditions for casting the polymer solution into a film are a relative humidity of 70 to 100% (preferably 90 to: LOO%) and a temperature of 15 to 90. C (preferably 30-80. C), and particularly preferred conditions are about 100% relative humidity (eg, 95-100%), 40-70 ° C. If the amount of moisture in the air is less than this, there may be a case where the surface porosity is insufficient.
- the film is kept in an atmosphere consisting of a relative humidity of 70 to 100% and a temperature of 15 to 90 ° C for 0.2 to 15 minutes, and then the non-solvent power of the polymer component It is desirable to lead to a coagulating liquid.
- the porous film layer can be made homogeneous and highly communicable.
- the reason for this is considered to be that moisture can penetrate from the surface of the film into the interior by placing it under humidification, thereby effectively promoting the phase separation of the polymer solution.
- the coagulation liquid used in the phase change method is not particularly limited as long as it is a solvent that coagulates the polymer component, and is appropriately selected depending on the type of resin used as the polymer component.
- solvents that coagulate acids, polyetherimide resins, polycarbonate resins, etc. include water; alcohols such as monohydric alcohols such as methanol and ethanol; polyhydric alcohols such as glycerin; and water-soluble substances such as polyethylene glycol. High molecular weight; water-soluble coagulation liquid such as a mixture thereof can be used.
- porous film deposited by being guided to the coagulation liquid is used as a support in the laminate, the porous film and the porous film layer are subjected to drying as it is.
- a laminate printed body
- a laminate having a porous film layer on both sides of the support can be produced by forming the porous film layer on one side of the support and then performing the above operation again.
- the porous film deposited by the coagulation liquid Homogeneous substrate strength
- the porous film layer can be obtained as a simple substance by transferring it onto a support plate and subjecting it to drying. This porous film layer can be used alone as a substrate of a wiring board.
- the support plate is made of a material that is resistant to coagulation liquid and has a large number of micropores on the surface in contact with the film in order to increase the drying speed. It is preferable to have a permeability that can be reduced.
- a support plate has, for example, an air permeability of less than 1000 36. 7100 (preferably less than 100 seconds ZlOOcc), a film thickness of up to 1000 m (preferably 50 to 500 ⁇ m), and in the film cross-sectional direction.
- the penetrated pores of 0.01 to 10 111 preferably 0.03 to 1 / ⁇ ⁇ ) are dispersed with sufficient density.
- non-woven fabrics or porous membranes made of polyolefins such as polyester, polyamide, polyethylene, and polypropylene, cellulose, and Teflon (registered trademark) can be used.
- the porous film obtained in this way is laminated on a support (dense layer or the like) separately prepared by a conventional film laminating means using an adhesive or the like, for example, so that one side or both sides of the support is obtained. It is also possible to obtain a laminate (printed body) having a porous film layer.
- the polymerization of the precursor may be further promoted by using heat, visible light, ultraviolet light, electron beam, radiation, etc. in order to improve chemical resistance.
- a crosslinking (curing) treatment may be performed.
- a film formed by using a polyimide-based precursor may be further subjected to thermal imidization or chemical imidization to obtain a porous film layer made of polyimide-based resin. it can.
- a film in which a porous film layer is formed using a polyamideimide resin can be subjected to thermal crosslinking.
- the obtained porous film (layer) may be dipped in a polymer solution having chemical resistance and dried to form a chemical resistant film on the film surface and the inner surface of the pores.
- the polymer having chemical resistance include phenolic resin, urea resin, melamine resin, benzoguanamine resin, polyimide resin, epoxy resin, benzoxazine resin, polypropylene resin, Polyurethane resin, fluorine resin, alkyd resin, cellulose acetate resin, phthalic acid resin, maleic acid resin, key resin, triazine resin, furan resin, Examples thereof include polyester-based resin, xylene-based resin, polybutyl alcohol, ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer, chitin, and chitosan.
- a polyamideimide-based resin, a polyetherimide-based resin, a polycarbonate-based resin, a polyethersulfone-based resin in which a large number of micropores having communication properties exist uniformly.
- a porous film (layer) of 1-100 ⁇ m can be obtained.
- the micropore diameter, porosity, and open area ratio of the porous film layer are the types and amounts of the components of the polymer solution, the amount of water used, the humidity during casting, the temperature, and the time. It can be adjusted to a desired value by appropriately selecting the type of homogeneous substrate used for casting, post-treatment, and the like.
- the method for printing on the surface of the porous film layer is not particularly limited.
- These printing methods can be performed by known or conventional methods.
- the ink jet method and screen printing are particularly preferred.
- a printed wiring board is produced by forming a conductive wiring (circuit) by printing a conductive ink or a conductive paste on the surface of the porous film layer.
- Specific methods for forming such conductive wiring include, for example, (1) a method of forming conductive wiring on the surface of the porous film layer by applying conductive ink in an ink jet system, and (2) wiring.
- Conductor paste is applied to the surface of the porous film layer.
- Examples include a method of forming a conductor wiring by extruding and drawing a syringe force, and a method of (4) forming a conductor wiring by drawing a conductor paste on the surface of a porous film layer by screen printing.
- the conductive ink is not particularly limited, and for example, gold ink, silver ink, silver nanometal ink, copper ink, carbon ink, silver-carbon ink, and the like can be used.
- the conductor paste is not particularly limited, and for example, silver conductor paste, copper conductor paste, gold conductor paste, palladium conductor paste, palladium-silver conductor paste, platinum conductor paste, white gold silver conductor paste, nickel Conductive paste can be used.
- plating may be further performed on the formed conductor wiring by a conventional method.
- the timing of performing the plating is not particularly limited. For example, the printing may be performed in the step (1), and the dense layer may be formed through the steps (2) and (3). After printing is performed in (1), plating may be performed, and then a dense layer may be formed through steps (2) and (3).
- a plating catalyst is printed on the porous film layer, and then the plating is performed, for example, (5) the surface of the porous film layer.
- the plating is applied to form the conductor wiring.
- the plating catalyst is applied to the plate on which the unevenness is formed on the wiring pattern, and this is made porous.
- a method of forming a conductor wiring by applying a plating After transferring to the surface of the film layer, a method of forming a conductor wiring by applying a plating, (7) Extruding the plating catalyst to the surface of the porous film layer by syringe force and drawing the wiring pattern, then applying the plating (8) A method of forming a conductor wiring by drawing a plating catalyst on the surface of the porous film layer by screen printing and then applying the plating to the surface of the porous film layer. That.
- a metal salt that acts as a catalyst for electroless plating treatment can be used.
- copper group elements such as gold, silver and copper
- platinum group elements such as palladium and platinum
- iron group elements such as nickel, metal oxycarboxylates (kenate, tartrate) Etc.) or inorganic metal salts (sulfates, hydrochlorides, etc.).
- the printing of the plating catalyst can be carried out, for example, by preparing an ink containing a plating catalyst, an appropriate vehicle, and, if necessary, an additive, etc., and printing it with an appropriate printing method.
- a conductive wiring can be formed by electroless plating treatment and, if necessary, further electrical plating treatment.
- a reducing agent such as hypophosphorous acid or a salt thereof, hydrazine or a salt thereof, a hydrogenated compound, an aminoborane compound, glucose or formaldehyde can be used.
- the reduction treatment can be performed at a temperature of room temperature to about 50 ° C., for example, using an aqueous solution of 0.5 to 10% by weight of a reducing agent.
- the electroless plating treatment can be performed by a known method using, for example, an electroless copper plating solution or an electroless nickel plating solution.
- the electroplating process can be performed by a known method using, for example, copper sulfate.
- the printing ink or paste used for printing an ink or paste consisting of at least a solid (solid content) and a solvent is used, and the contact angle on the surface of the porous film layer has a surface angle of the porous film layer.
- the porous film layer On the surface of a liquid film, especially the porous film layer, that drops to 60 ° or less (more preferably 50 ° or less, more preferably 40 ° or less) within 300 seconds.
- a printing ink or paste containing a liquid (preferably 1500 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 1400 ⁇ m or less) as a main solvent (the most abundant solvent) is preferred.
- the solid matter (solid content) in the printing ink or paste can be selected depending on the purpose of forming the wiring, inductor, light emitter, resistor, capacitor or semiconductor, and may be a known inorganic or organic material. it can.
- inorganic materials include metals (gold, silver, copper, nickel, aluminum, etc.), glass, inorganic EL materials (ZnS, Mn / CdSSe, ZnS: TbOF, ZnS: Tb, SrS: Ce, ( SrS: CeZnS), CaCa S: Ce, SrGa S: Ce, SrS: Ce / ZnS: Mn n 2 4 2 4
- Etc. carbon
- inorganic materials such as ceramic materials such as silica and zirconium
- organic substances organic pigments, conductive polymers, and organic semiconductor materials (such as pentacenes and thiophenes) can be used.
- shape of the solid content is not particularly limited, and various solid shapes such as particles, flakes, fibers, flakes, hollow particles, hollow fibers, etc. should be used as long as they do not impair the printability. Can do.
- the solvent in the printing ink or paste can be appropriately selected depending on the type of resin in the printing ink or paste, for example, hydrocarbon solvents, halogenated hydrocarbon solvents, alcohol solvents, phenol solvents. , Ketone solvents, fatty acid 'acid anhydrides, ester solvents, nitrogen-containing sulfur-containing polar solvents, water, and the like. Specifically, for example, toluene, terpineol, decalin, tetradecane, decanol, diethylene glycol module.
- the printing ink or paste used for printing is preferably a printing ink or paste having a viscosity of 0.05 to LPA's. Even when such a printing ink or paste is used, the solvent in the printing ink or paste is quickly absorbed into the pores of the porous film layer, and solid matter remains on the surface of the porous film layer. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a printed material with excellent fine line delineability.
- the viscosity of the printing ink or paste can be adjusted by changing the type and concentration of solids, the type and concentration of additives such as rosin, and the type of solvent. [0363] By the step (1), printing excellent in fine line delineability can be obtained.
- LAve is the average line width in a 500 ⁇ m long straight line
- LMax is the maximum line width in the 500 ⁇ m long straight line
- LMin is the minimum line width in the 500 m long straight line.
- the line width standard represented by the following formula (2) is used. Printing with a quasi deviation ⁇ of 7 or less is possible.
- LAve is the average line width in a 500 ⁇ m long straight line
- LMax is the maximum line width in the 500 ⁇ m long straight line
- LMin is the minimum line width in the 500 m long straight line.
- the line width fluctuation value F and the standard deviation ⁇ ⁇ are the average line width of 10 to: L000 ⁇ m and the value in the straight line part with a length of 500 ⁇ m or more.
- the force average line width is 10 to It is particularly preferable that the average line width is 15 to 100 ⁇ m and the length is 500 ⁇ m or more in a straight line portion with a length of 500 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 500 ⁇ m or more. .
- Printing is difficult if the average line width is less than 10 ⁇ m, and if the average line width exceeds 1000 ⁇ m, the wiring becomes thick and the entire circuit becomes too large to be practical.
- the maximum line width LMax and the minimum line width LMin can be measured from an enlarged photograph of a straight line part with an average line width of 10 to 1000 ⁇ m and a length of 500 m (Fig. 13). reference).
- the average line width LAve can be calculated by tracing a line on a transparent film and converting it from the weight. If F is 30% or less or wrinkle is 7 or less, it can be judged as excellent printing (wiring) excellent in fine line delineability (linearity).
- F is preferably 20% or less, more preferably 10% or less.
- the soot is preferably 5 or less, more preferably 3 or less. Further, it is particularly preferable that F is equal to or less than the predetermined value and ⁇ is equal to or less than the predetermined value. Good.
- the printing ink (paste) comes into contact with the porous film (porous film) and at the same time the main solvent in the ink is absorbed into the porous film, increasing the viscosity of the ink.
- fluidity is lost and bleeding does not occur on the porous film, it is possible to draw a straight line excellent in fine line delineability (linearity) with various inks (pastes).
- printing ink (pest) bleeds and spreads around the periphery, so it is difficult to draw a straight line with good fine line description (linearity).
- the porous film layer 1 subjected to printing 7 is brought into contact with the solvent 8, the solvent 8 is soaked into the porous film layer 1, and the porous film layer is dissolved in the solvent.
- 9 is a porous film layer soaked with a solvent.
- the porous film layer does not necessarily have to be dissolved in the solvent in the step (2A), but it is dried in the next step (3A). Good.
- the porous film layer may be dissolved in a solvent in both step (2A) and step (3A). The process of dissolving the porous film layer in the solvent varies depending on the type of solvent used and the drying temperature.
- step (3A) when a solvent that is highly soluble in the porous film layer is used, after the solvent is dissolved in step (2A), the solvent is dried in step (3A) to form a densified layer. Is done.
- step (3A) when a solvent having low solubility with respect to the porous film layer is used, in step (3A), the porous film layer is dissolved in the solvent by the heat during drying, and simultaneously dried and densified. Is formed.
- Examples of the solvent include various solvents that are not particularly limited as long as they do not dissolve printing and dissolve a material (eg, a resin) constituting a porous film layer at room temperature or under heating. Two or more types can be mixed and used. In addition, one or more solvents that are soluble alone in the porous film layer and a non-solvent (alcohol, hydrocarbon, etc.) or water that is not soluble in the porous film layer alone. A mixed solution of one kind or two or more kinds such as those which substantially dissolve the porous film layer can also be used. Solvents that are highly soluble in the porous film layer and not soluble in the porous film layer alone! / ⁇ The porous film layer can be dissolved by mixing non-solvent and water.
- Sex and drying time can be controlled.
- a solvent having high solubility when used alone, there is a concern that printing applied before the porous film layer is dissolved quickly moves to the dissolved porous film layer.
- a non-solvent or water when a non-solvent or water is added to a highly soluble solvent, the solubility of the porous film layer is lowered, so that the applied printing can be prevented from flowing with the dissolved porous film layer. It is also more volatile than highly soluble solvents! ⁇
- non-solvent or water is added, the non-solvent exists before drying, so that the solubility can be kept low, and during drying, the non-solvent and the highly soluble solvent gradually evaporate.
- the dense layer can be formed while preventing the printed outflow.
- the solvent that can be used can be appropriately selected depending on the type of material constituting the porous film layer.
- DMSO dimethyl sulfoxide
- DMF N dimethylformamide
- DMAc N dimethylacetamide
- NMP N-methyl 2-pyrrolidone
- THF tetrahydrofuran
- GBL ⁇ -petit-mouth rataton
- One or two or more types and a porous film layer cannot be dissolved alone, and a mixture of a solvent or water can be used.
- the former one or more of the above exemplified solvents
- the latter porous
- the material constituting the porous film layer is a polyamide-imide resin
- dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), ⁇ , N dimethylformamide (DMF), N, N dimethylacetamide ( DMAc), N-methyl 2-pyrrolidone (NMP), tetrahydrofuran (THF), ⁇ -peptidic rataton (GBL) dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), ⁇ , N dimethylformamide (DMF), N, N dimethylacetamide ( DMAc), N-methyl 2-pyrrolidone (NMP), tetrahydrofuran (THF), ⁇ -peptidic rataton (GBL), mixtures thereof, these solvents and the porous film layer cannot be dissolved alone.
- a mixture with water can be used.
- the solvent is dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), N, N dimethylformamide (DMF), N, N-dimethylacetamide.
- DMAc N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
- NMP N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
- GBL 1, 3 dioxy Solan
- 1,4 dioxane 1,4 dioxane
- GBL ⁇ -butyrolatatone
- additives, resin, inorganic substances and the like may be added as necessary.
- the viscosity can be controlled and the coating property of the solvent can be improved.
- a non-volatile component such as rosin
- the non-volatile component remains on the printing surface and the applied printing is protected.
- a non-volatile component such as an additive or an inorganic substance is added to the solvent, the non-volatile component remains on the densified layer, and printing is performed when the second printing is performed on the densified layer. Improves.
- the method of bringing the printed porous film layer into contact with the solvent is not particularly limited.
- a method of immersing the printed porous film layer in the solvent a die coater, a roll coater, or a no coater.
- Solvent transfer method inkjet printing method, screen printing method, offset printing method, gravure printing method, relief printing method, etc. And the like.
- the porous film layer may be partially dissolved for the purpose of, for example, performing another printing that may dissolve the entire surface.
- conventionally used printing methods such as an ink jet printing method, a screen printing method, an offset printing method, a gravure printing method, a letterpress printing method, and the like are effective.
- the degree to which the porous film layer is dissolved should be such that the printing does not deform! For example, it is possible to dissolve the entire porous film layer other than the printing region. Only the surface layer portion of the porous film layer may be dissolved. Also, it may be dissolved to such an extent that a denseness capable of preventing liquid absorption after drying can be secured.
- the solvent is dried.
- the porous film layer is dissolved in the solvent in steps (2A) and Z or step (3A).
- the densified layer 10 is formed.
- the solvent is dried after dissolving the porous film layer, the porous pores are crushed and densified. For this reason, the strength of the printing portion and the adhesion strength of printing are improved, and when the printing material is a laminate of a support and a porous film layer, the adhesion strength between these layers is also improved.
- the solvent is usually dried by heating.
- the heating temperature and heating time can be appropriately set depending on the type of solvent used. For example, when a high-boiling solvent with low volatility (for example, NMP) is used, the solvent can be removed by drying by heating at 200 ° C. for about 10 minutes. In addition, when a highly volatile solvent (such as THF) is used, the solvent can be removed by heat treatment at about 100 ° C. for about 10 minutes. You may process at higher temperature.
- a high-boiling solvent with low volatility for example, NMP
- a highly volatile solvent such as THF
- ⁇ ⁇ is less than 0.6 ( ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ku 0.6) and the process (3A
- ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ is less than 0.6, it means that water droplets quickly enter the pores of the porous film layer.
- the relational expression of A ⁇ 0.6 is the average pore diameter, porosity, thickness, air permeability, etc. of the porous film layer. It can be satisfied by adjusting. When this relational expression is satisfied, generally, the solvent in the printing ink or paste is quickly absorbed into the pores of the porous film layer during printing, the viscosity of the ink or paste increases, and the fluidity of the ink or paste is lost. In addition, since the solid content in the ink or paste remains on the porous surface, bleeding does not occur, and a printed pattern excellent in fine line delineability can be obtained.
- the value of ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ is less than 0.6, preferably
- ⁇ is preferably 10 ° -80 °
- the angle is 20 ° to 60 °.
- ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ > 0.6 is the contact between the porous film layer and the solvent in step (2A).
- ⁇ / ⁇ is greater than 0.6, preferably greater than or equal to 0.65.
- the upper limit of B is 1. Note that the value of ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ is preferably 10 ° to 80 °, more preferably
- the porous film layer may swell when it absorbs a liquid such as water. According to the method of the present invention, since the porous film layer is thermally melted to crush the pores and densify the surface, swelling due to liquid absorption can be prevented. Solvent of porous film layer by solvent The degree of densification by drying treatment is the ratio of ⁇ to ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇
- ⁇ A ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ is less than 1, which is preferable.
- the method 2 for producing a printed pattern of the present invention includes (1) a step of printing on the porous film layer,
- FIG. 28 is an explanatory diagram (by a cross-sectional view) of each step showing another example of the method for producing a printed pattern of the present invention.
- 1 is porous
- the reference numeral 6 denotes a support
- 7 denotes printing
- 10 denotes a molten porous film layer
- 11 denotes a densified layer.
- the step (1) is the same as the step (1) in the printed pattern manufacturing method 1 except for the thickness of the porous film layer.
- the thickness of the porous film layer is, for example, 0.1 to 1000 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the porous film layer is preferably 5 to: LOO / zm, more preferably 25 to 70 / ⁇ ⁇ .
- the thickness of the porous film layer is usually 0.1 to L00 ⁇ m, Preferably it is 0.1 to 25 ⁇ m, more preferably 1 to: LO / zm.
- the thickness of the porous film layer is usually 0.5 to: L000 m, preferably 1 to: L000 m, more preferably 5 to 500 ⁇ m. If the thickness of the porous film layer becomes too thin, the absorbability of the main solvent of the printing ink (paste) is inferior. On the other hand, if it is too thick, it is difficult to uniformly control the pore size distribution.
- the thickness of the porous film layer is preferably at least twice the average pore diameter, particularly preferably at least 10 times.
- the porous film layer 1 on which the printing 3 has been applied is thermally melted.
- FIG. 28, 10 is a porous film layer melted by heat melting.
- the method for thermally melting the porous film layer is not particularly limited, for example, a method in which the porous film layer is heated with an infrared heater, a method in which the porous film layer is brought into contact with a heating roll, or a method in which the porous film layer is placed in a heating oven. It is done.
- the degree of thermal melting of the porous film layer may be that the porous film layer is completely melted, for example, only the surface layer part is melted and a part of the porous part is left.
- the thermal melting of the porous film layer can be confirmed by the disappearance of liquid absorbency on the surface after cooling and solidification.
- the degree of thermal melting of the porous film layer may be such that a denseness capable of preventing liquid absorption after cooling and solidification can be ensured.
- the temperature and time at which the porous film layer is thermally melted constitute the porous film layer.
- the melting point of the material to be used depends on the glass transition point and can be selected as appropriate as long as the printing is not deformed. Is about 1 minute to 5 hours, preferably about 10 minutes to 1 hour.
- the heating temperature is preferably 220 ° C. to 270 ° C. when the porous film layer is polycarbonate. 270 ° C to 400 ° C is preferred, and when the porous film layer is polyethersulfone, 250 ° C to 360 ° C is preferred! /.
- the molten porous film layer 10 is cooled and solidified to form a densified layer 11.
- the porous film layer is melted by heat and then solidified by cooling, the porous pores are squeezed and densified.
- the strength of the printing portion and the adhesion strength of printing are improved, and when the printing material is a laminate of a support and a porous film layer, the adhesion strength between those layers is also improved.
- the gas barrier property improves the scratch resistance.
- the strength of the printed matter obtained is also improved.
- the cooling and solidification method is not particularly limited, and may be carried out by forced cooling.
- ⁇ ⁇ is less than 0.6 ( ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 6 ku 0.6) and step (3)
- a ⁇ 0.6 is the average pore diameter, porosity, thickness, air permeability, etc. of the porous film layer.
- ⁇ ⁇ is preferably 0.55
- ⁇ ⁇ is 0, for example.
- ⁇ is preferably 10 ° to 80 °, more preferably
- the upper limit of 100 is 1.
- the value of ⁇ is preferably 10 ° -80 °, more preferably 2
- the porous film layer may swell when it absorbs a liquid such as water. According to the method of the present invention, since the porous film layer is thermally melted to crush the pores and densify the surface, swelling due to liquid absorption can be prevented. Thermal melting of porous film layer The degree of densification by cooling solidification is the ratio of ⁇ to ⁇ ⁇ ⁇
- ⁇ A ⁇ is less than 1, preferably
- ⁇ A ⁇ is, for example, 0
- the porous film layer is densified by heat melting, cooling and solidifying, so that the tensile strength of the layer is improved. That is, the ratio F2ZF1 between the tensile strength F2 of the densified layer obtained by cooling and solidifying in the step (3B) and the tensile strength F1 of the porous film layer used in the step (1) is greater than 1. Value.
- the value of F2ZF 1 also serves as an indicator of the degree of densification, and is preferably 1.5 or more, more preferably 2 or more.
- F2ZF1 The upper limit of the value is 100, for example.
- the printed matter formed by the method for producing a printed pattern of the present invention has no bleeding and is excellent in fine line delineability, and has high adhesion strength to the printing and the surface layer (when the substrate to be printed is a laminate) and is broken. It has the feature of being difficult.
- the printed material include printed wiring boards (printed circuit boards), light emitters such as inductors, EL, components such as resistance 'capacitors' transistors (electrical and electronic components), electromagnetic shielding films, and the like.
- the tape peeling test, average pore diameter, and porosity were calculated and measured by the following methods. These average pore diameter and porosity were determined only for the micropores that were visible in the foreground of the electron micrograph, and the micropores that were visible in the back of the photo were excluded.
- the area of the lever was measured for any 30 or more holes on the surface or cross section of the laminate, and the average value was defined as the average hole area Save. Assuming that the hole is a perfect circle, the average hole area force was converted to the average hole area force using the following formula, and the average hole diameter was defined. Where ⁇ represents the pi.
- the porosity inside the porous layer was calculated from the following formula.
- V is the volume of the film [cm 3 ]
- W is many
- the weight [g] of the porous layer indicates the density [g / cm 3 ] of the porous layer material.
- the density of polyamideimide was 1.45 [g / cm 3 ]
- the density of polyimide was 1.42 [g / cm 3 ].
- PET film product name “S type”, manufactured by Teijin DuPont Co., Ltd.
- the stock solution is cast on the PET film and then immersed in water to solidify, and then the PET film. Measurement was made using a porous film obtained by peeling off and drying, and the internal porosity was calculated from the following formula.
- V is the volume of the film [cm 3 ]
- W is the weight of the porous layer [g]
- the density of polyamideimide was 1.45 [g / cm 3 ] and the density of polyimide was 1.42 [gZ cm].
- Polyamideimide resin solution (trade name “Baiguchi Max HR11NN” manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd .; solid concentration 15% by weight, solvent NMP, solution viscosity 20dPa'sZ25 ° C)
- Polyvinylimide as a water-soluble polymer in 100 parts by weight 30 parts by weight of pyrrolidone (molecular weight 50,000) was added to prepare a stock solution for film formation. Cast this stock solution at 25 ° C, using a film applicator on a Teijin DuPont PET film (S type, thickness 100 m) as the base material, with a gap of 127 m between the film applicator and the base material. did.
- the laminate was solidified by being immersed in water, and then naturally dried at room temperature without peeling off the substrate, thereby obtaining a laminate in which a porous layer was laminated on the substrate.
- the thickness of the porous layer is about 50 m, and the total thickness of the laminate is about 150 ⁇ m.
- the substrate and the porous layer were strong enough not to cause interface peeling.
- the porous layer was in close contact with the PET film, the average pore size of the pores existing on the surface of the porous layer was about 1.
- the inside of the porous layer was almost homogeneous.
- the porosity inside the porous layer was 70%.
- Example 1 the same operation as in Example 1 was performed, except that 33.3 parts by weight of the water-soluble polymer was used and the film was cast under the condition of a gap of 102 ⁇ m between the film applicator and the PET film substrate. A laminate in which a porous layer was laminated on a substrate was obtained. The thickness of the porous layer was about 35 ⁇ m, and the total thickness of the laminate was about 135 ⁇ m.
- the substrate and the porous layer were strong enough not to cause interface peeling.
- the porous layer was in close contact with the substrate, the average pore diameter of the pores existing on the surface of the porous layer was about 0.5 m, and the inside of the porous layer was There were micropores that were almost homogeneous and had an average pore diameter of about 0.5 m across the entire area.
- the porosity inside the porous layer was 70%.
- Example 1 40 parts by weight of water-soluble polymer was used, and the same procedure as in Example 1 was performed, except that casting was performed under the condition of a gap between the film applicator and the PET film substrate of 51 ⁇ m. A laminate having a porous layer laminated thereon was obtained. The thickness of the porous layer was about 15 m, and the total thickness of the laminate was about 115 ⁇ m.
- the substrate and the porous layer were strong enough to cause no interface peeling.
- the porous layer was in close contact with the substrate, the average pore diameter of the pores existing on the surface of the porous layer was about 0.3 m, and the inside of the porous layer was There were micropores that were almost homogeneous and had an average pore diameter of about 0.3 m across the entire area.
- the porosity inside the porous layer was 70%.
- Polyamideimide resin solution (trade name “Baiguchi Max HR11NN” manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd .; solid concentration 15% by weight, solvent NMP, solution viscosity 20dPa'sZ25 ° C)
- Polyvinylimide as a water-soluble polymer in 100 parts by weight 40 parts by weight of pyrrolidone (molecular weight 50,000) was added to prepare a stock solution for film formation.
- This stock solution is at 25 ° C, and a film applicator is used on a PET film (G2 type, thickness 50 ⁇ m) made by Teijin DuPont as a base material. The gap between the film applicator and the base material is 51 m. Cast with.
- the laminate was solidified by being immersed in water, and then naturally dried at room temperature without peeling off the substrate, thereby obtaining a laminate in which a porous layer was laminated on the substrate.
- the thickness of the porous layer was about 15 m, and the total thickness of the laminate was about 65 ⁇ m.
- Example 4 instead of G2 type PET film, Teijin DuPont PET film (HS type, antistatic treatment, thickness 100 / zm) was used as the base material. To obtain a laminate in which a porous layer was laminated on a substrate. The thickness of the obtained porous layer was about 15 m, and the total thickness of the laminate was about 115 m.
- the substrate and the porous layer were strong enough not to cause interface peeling.
- the porous layer was in close contact with the PET film, the average pore diameter of the pores existing on the surface of the porous layer was about 0.
- the inside of the porous layer was almost homogeneous. There were micropores with an average pore diameter of about 0.3 m across the entire area. The porosity inside the porous layer was 70%.
- Example 4 the same procedure as in Example 4 was performed, except that 30 parts by weight of the water-soluble polymer was used and a polypropylene film (thickness 50 ⁇ m) was used instead of the PET film as the substrate. A laminate having a porous layer laminated thereon was obtained. The thickness of the obtained porous layer was about 15 ⁇ m, and the total thickness of the laminate was about 65 ⁇ m.
- the substrate and the porous layer were strong enough not to cause interface peeling.
- the porous layer was in close contact with the PET film, and the average pore diameter of the pores existing on the surface of the porous layer was about 0.
- the inside of the porous layer was almost homogeneous, and there existed micropores with an average pore diameter of about 0.3 m throughout the entire area.
- the porosity inside the porous layer was 70%.
- Polyamideimide resin solution (trade name “Baiguchi Max HR11NN” manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd .; solid concentration 15% by weight, solvent NMP, solution viscosity 20dPa'sZ25 ° C)
- Polyvinylimide as a water-soluble polymer in 100 parts by weight 40 parts by weight of pyrrolidone (molecular weight 50,000) was added to prepare a stock solution for film formation.
- the stock solution is brought to 25 ° C, and a film applicator is used on the polyimide film as the base material (trade name “Kapton 100H” manufactured by Toray DuPont, thickness 25 ⁇ m).
- the gap was cast at 51 ⁇ m.
- Example 7 a PET film (trade name “S type”, manufactured by Teijin DuPont Co., Ltd.) is used as a base material instead of a polyimide film, and the stock solution is cast on the PET film and then immersed in water to solidify. Subsequently, the porous layer was transferred onto a polyimide film (trade name “Kapton 100HJ, thickness 25 ⁇ m” manufactured by Toray Industries DuPont), and dried to obtain a porous film.
- a PET film trade name “S type”, manufactured by Teijin DuPont Co., Ltd.
- a polyimide film trade name “Kapton 100HJ, thickness 25 ⁇ m” manufactured by Toray Industries DuPont
- the average pore diameter of the pores existing on the surface of the porous layer is about 0.3 m, and the inside of the porous layer is almost homogeneous, and there are micropores having an average pore diameter of about 0.3 / zm throughout the entire area. Existed.
- the porosity inside the porous layer was 70%.
- Polyamic acid solution of polyimide precursor (trade name “U varnish A” manufactured by Ube Industries, Ltd .; solid content concentration 18% by weight, solvent NMP, solution viscosity 5 Pa'sZ30 ° C), polybutyrolidone as water-soluble polymer ( A molecular weight of 50,000) and NMP as a solvent were mixed at a ratio of 15/85 / 33.3 to the weight ratio of polyamic acid ZN MP / polybulurpyrrolidone to obtain a stock solution for film formation.
- Example 8 polyethylene glycol (molecular weight 400) was used as the water-soluble polymer instead of polyvinyl pyrrolidone, and polyamic acid ZNMPZ polypropylene glycol was used.
- the thickness of the porous layer was about 4 ⁇ m, and the total thickness of the laminate was about 29 ⁇ m.
- Example 7 The laminate obtained in Example 7 (substrate / porous layer is polyimide / polyamideimide) is heated in a 270 ° C temperature bath for 30 minutes to heat the polyamideimide constituting the porous layer. Crosslinking and insolubilization were performed to impart chemical resistance to the porous layer.
- the laminate having a porous layer imparted with solvent resistance by heat treatment did not dissolve even after 10 minutes of immersion in NMP, whereas the laminate obtained in Example 7 (before heat treatment) I was immersed in NMP and dissolved within a few seconds.
- the laminated body obtained in Example 7 [Substrate / Porous layer is polyimide film (25 ⁇ m) / Polyamide imide (20 ⁇ m)].
- a porous layer made of polyamideimide is formed to a thickness of about 20 m by the operation, and the porous layer / substrate / porous layer is polyamideimide (20 ⁇ m) Z polyimide (25 ⁇ m) Z polyamideimide
- a double-sided porous membrane laminate having a layer configuration of (20 ⁇ m) was obtained with a total thickness of about 65 ⁇ m.
- the porous layer was in close contact with the polyimide film, and the average pore diameter of the pores existing on the surface of the porous layer was about 0.3 ⁇ m. There were almost uniform pores with an average pore diameter of about 0.3 m. The porosity inside the porous layer was 70%.
- Polyetherimide resin solution (product name “Ultem 1000”, manufactured by GE Plastics Japan; solid content 15% by weight, solvent NMP) 100 parts by weight and 45 parts by weight of polyvinyl pyrrolidone (molecular weight 50,000) as a water-soluble polymer
- a stock solution for film formation was obtained. Using this stock solution at 25 ° C, using a film applicator and a gap between the film applicator and the polyimide film substrate at 51 ⁇ m, the substrate polyimide film (Kapton 100H, Kapton 100H, Cast on a thickness of 25 m). Immediately after casting, it was kept in a container with a humidity of about 80% and a temperature of 50 ° C for 30 seconds.
- the thickness of the porous layer was about 20 m, and the total thickness of the laminate was about 45 ⁇ m.
- the substrate and the porous layer were strong enough not to cause interface peeling.
- the porous layer was in close contact with the polyimide film, and the average pore diameter of the pores existing on the surface of the porous layer was about 0.5 ⁇ m. There were almost uniform pores with an average pore diameter of about 0.5 m over the entire area. The porosity inside the porous layer was 80%.
- a novolac epoxy resin (trade name “YDCN-701”, manufactured by Tohto Kasei Co., Ltd.) is diluted with xylene, and a novolac epoxy resin Z solvent is 5 parts by weight Z100 parts by weight.
- a novolac epoxy resin Z solvent is 5 parts by weight Z100 parts by weight.
- the film having a porous layer prepared in Example 7 was immersed in the coating solution for 3 minutes, then taken out from the coating solution and allowed to dry naturally.
- a film having a dried porous layer is fixed on a Teflon (registered trademark) plate with polyimide tape and heated in a 270 ° C. temperature bath for 30 minutes to obtain a fluorocarbon resin.
- the Z polyisocyanate compound was cured.
- the inside of the porous layer was almost homogeneous and composed of micropores having connectivity throughout the entire area. .
- a wiring substrate was prepared by the following method.
- a naphthoquinonediazide-containing phenolic rosin (naphthoquinonediazide content; 33 equivalent mol%) is dissolved in acetone to give lwt.
- a photosensitive composition solution having a concentration of / c ⁇ was prepared.
- both surfaces of the laminate produced in Example 13 were coated by the dipping method.
- the inner pore surface of the porous layer was coated with naphthoquinonediazide-containing phenolic resin. Further, it was dried at room temperature for 30 minutes to form a photosensitive composition coating layer.
- the porous layer side of the laminate provided with the photosensitive composition coating layer is exposed through a mask having a line width of 1 mm and a space of 1 mm under the condition of a light amount of 500 mjZcm 2 (wavelength 436 nm).
- a latent image consisting of indenecarboxylic acid was formed.
- the laminated body on which the pattern latent image was formed was subjected to a catalyst treatment by a catalyst-single-accelerator method. Specifically, after being immersed in an aqueous copper sulfate solution adjusted to 0.5M for 5 minutes, washing with distilled water was repeated three times. Used copper sulfate The pH of the aqueous solution was 4.1.
- the washed film was immersed in a 0.01 M aqueous solution of sodium borohydride for 30 minutes and then washed with distilled water.
- a member having reduced copper in the pattern latent image portion was created.
- a pattern having a line width of 1 mm and a space of 1 mm was formed on the obtained wiring board material.
- the wiring board material obtained in this way is further immersed in an electroless copper plating solution for 30 minutes, and copper plating is applied to the exposed pattern area to create a wiring board having a wiring pattern with a line width of lmm and a space of lmm. did.
- a wiring board having a copper wiring pattern having a line width of lmm and a space of lmm in the exposed pattern portion in the same manner as in Example 15 except that the laminate prepared in Example 8 was used in Example 15. It was created.
- the laminate obtained in Example 7 was used as the laminate [base material / porous layer was polyimide film (25 ⁇ m) Z polyamideimide (20 m)], and the sensitizing / activating method was used as the catalyst treatment.
- a wiring board material was prepared using these materials. Specifically, the sensitizing-activating method was performed by the following method.
- a palladium chloride solution consisting of 2, 12.0 mol / m 3 HCl was prepared and used as an activating solution.
- the laminate was immersed in a sensitizing solution for 120 seconds and then washed with ion-exchanged water. Next, after immersing in the activator solution for 60 seconds, the surface of the laminate was subjected to a catalyst treatment (activation treatment by formation of catalyst nuclei) by washing with ion-exchanged water.
- a catalyst treatment activation treatment by formation of catalyst nuclei
- the solution obtained by adding and dissolving the product lg, and then adding and dissolving sodium hypophosphite monohydrate lg was used as the nickel plating solution.
- the deposition of nickel is accelerated by a large amount of catalyst adhering to the porous layer having a large surface area by the catalyst treatment, and the deposited nickel is firmly fixed by being entangled with the porous layer. It is thought to be for the purpose. Since the surface of the base material has a remarkably small amount of catalyst and is composed of a homogeneous surface, nickel cannot be entangled. Therefore, it is considered that the nickel coating could not be formed.
- Example 17 the same as Example 17 except that the laminate [substrate / porous layer was polyimide film (25 m) Z polyimide (20 m)] obtained in Example 8 was used as the laminate.
- a wiring board material was prepared by the method.
- the screen printer used was LS-25TVA manufactured by Neurong Precision Industry Co., Ltd. After printing, it was held at 180 ° C for 30 minutes to cure the conductive ink and form a wiring.
- the ink used was of a type in which silver oxide was reduced to silver by heating, and showed a metallic silver gloss after heating, which was black immediately after printing.
- a wiring pattern of LZS 20 / z ⁇ 20 / ⁇ m was formed.
- Polyamideimide resin solution (trade name “Baiguchi Max N-100H” manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd .; solid concentration 15% by weight, solvent NMP, solution viscosity 60dPa'sZ25 ° C) 100 parts by weight of water-soluble polymer
- a stock solution for film formation 15 parts by weight of polyvinylpyrrolidone (molecular weight: 50,000) was added.
- This stock solution is kept at 25 ° C, and the substrate is polyimide film (trade name “Kapton 100H” manufactured by Toray DuPont, thickness 25 ⁇ m) using a film applicator. Just At this time, the gap between the film applicator and the substrate was 89 ⁇ m.
- the laminate After casting, it was immediately kept in a container with a humidity of about 100% and a temperature of 50 ° C for 4 minutes. Thereafter, the laminate was immersed in water and solidified, and then naturally dried at room temperature without peeling off the substrate, thereby obtaining a laminate in which a porous layer was laminated on the substrate.
- the thickness of the porous layer was about 14 ⁇ m, and the total thickness of the laminate was about 39 ⁇ m.
- Example 7 the same operation as in Example 7 was carried out except that 30 parts by weight of polybulurpyrrolidone (molecular weight: 50,000) was used as the water-soluble polymer, and a laminate in which a porous layer was laminated on a substrate was obtained. Obtained. The thickness of the obtained porous layer was about 23 m, and the total thickness of the laminate was about 48 ⁇ m.
- polybulurpyrrolidone molecular weight: 50,000
- Example 1 a Teijin DuPont PET film (trade name “HS74A S”, thickness 100 m) was used as the base material, and the stock solution for film formation was placed on the AS surface (antistatic treatment surface) of the film. The same operation as in Example 1 was carried out except that casting was performed under the condition of a gap of 13 m between the film applicator and the base material to obtain a laminate in which a porous layer was laminated on the base material. The thickness of the obtained porous layer was 7 m, and the total thickness of the laminate was about 107 m.
- the obtained laminate was subjected to a tape peeling test, it was peeled off at the interface between the tape and the porous layer, and no interfacial peeling between the base material and the porous layer occurred and remained in contact with each other.
- the porous layer was in close contact with the PET film, the average pore diameter of the pores existing on the surface of the porous layer was about 1 m, and the inside of the porous layer was almost homogeneous. There were micropores with an average pore diameter of about 1 ⁇ m across the entire area. The porosity inside the porous layer was 70%.
- Example 19 was the same as Example 19 except that the laminate obtained in Example 21 was used as the laminate [substrate / porous layer was a polyimide film (25 m) Z polyamideimide (23 m)].
- the wiring board obtained in Example 23 was filled with resin in the pores of the polyamideimide porous layer according to the following method.
- the wiring board was fixed on a top plate of a KPI hot plate (trade name “MODEL HP-19U300”) with polyimide tape and heated to 60 ° C.
- a curable resin (uncured) obtained by mixing the A and ZB liquids of Huntsman Advanced 'Materia Luz epoxy resin (trade name "ALALDITE 2020", two-component epoxy resin) at a weight ratio of 100Z30.
- Epoxy resin was placed on the porous layer side surface of the wiring board.
- the curable resin was spread with a spatula made of fluorine resin, and the pores of the porous layer were completely filled with uncured epoxy resin. Excess epoxy resin is removed with a spatula and paper waste and then heated at 60 ° C for 1.5 hours.
- Poxy resin was cured to produce a wiring board in which pores of the porous layer were filled with resin.
- Example 25 as the epoxy resin, instead of “ALALDITE 2020”, the product name “ALALDITE 2011” (two-component epoxy resin) manufactured by the same company was mixed at 100/80 by weight. Except for using the curable resin obtained in this manner, the same operation as in Example 25 was performed to manufacture a wiring board in which the pores of the porous layer were filled with resin.
- the wiring board obtained in Example 23 was filled with resin in the pores of the polyamideimide porous layer according to the following method.
- the wiring board was fixed on a top plate of a KPI hot plate (trade name “MODEL HP-19U300”) with polyimide tape and heated to 60 ° C.
- a curable resin (uncured) obtained by mixing AZ liquid A and ZB solution at a weight ratio of 100Z30 by Huntsman Advanced 'epoxy resin manufactured by Materia Luz (trade name "ALALDITE 2020", two-component epoxy resin) Epoxy resin) was placed on the porous layer side surface of the wiring board.
- Spread the curable resin with a spatula made of fluorine resin completely fill the pores of the porous layer with uncured epoxy resin, and remove excess epoxy resin with a spatula and paper waste. did.
- a polyimide film (trade name “Kapton 100HJ, thickness 25 m) as a coverlay is carefully placed on the surface of the wiring board filled with the resin by the above method so that bubbles do not enter between the layers. Continued heating at 60 ° C for 1.5 hours to cure the epoxy resin so that the pores of the porous layer are filled with resin and a polyimide coverlay is laminated. A wiring board was manufactured.
- the wiring board in which pores of the porous layer obtained in Example 25 are filled with resin is placed on the top of a KPI hot plate (trade name “MODEL HP-19U300”) so that the porous layer side is the surface. It was fixed on the plate with polyimide tape.
- a polyimide film (trade name “Midfil NS” manufactured by Kurashiki Boseki Co., Ltd., thickness: 50 ⁇ m) was immersed in a 0.1 IN NaOH aqueous solution for 60 minutes to perform surface treatment (alkali treatment) of the polyimide film.
- polyamideimide-based resin solution (trade name “Baiguchi Max HR11N N” manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd .; solid content concentration 15% by weight, solvent NMP, solution viscosity 20dPa'sZ25 ° C) 100 parts by weight, water-soluble As a polymer, 30 parts by weight of polyvinylpyrrolidone (molecular weight 50,000) was added to prepare a stock solution for film formation. Cast this stock solution at 25 ° C and cast the gap between the film applicator and the base material at 51 m on the surface of the polyimide film (midfil NS) that has been surface-treated. .
- the laminate was solidified by being immersed in water, and then naturally dried at room temperature without peeling off the substrate, thereby obtaining a laminate in which a porous layer was laminated on the substrate.
- the thickness of the porous layer was about 25 m, and the total thickness of the laminate was about 75 ⁇ m.
- the obtained laminate was subjected to a tape peeling test, it was peeled off at the interface between the tape and the porous layer, and no interfacial peeling between the substrate and the porous layer occurred and remained in close contact with each other.
- the porous layer was in close contact with the polyimide film, the average pore diameter of the pores existing on the surface of the porous layer was about 1 m, and the inside of the porous layer was almost homogeneous. There were micropores with an average pore diameter of about 1 ⁇ m across the entire area. The porosity inside the porous layer was 70%.
- Example 29 the same operation as in Example 29 was performed, except that a polyimide film that had not been subjected to surface treatment (alkali treatment) was used. However, after a while after being immersed in water, the porous layer peels off the polyimide film force, and a laminate can be obtained. could not.
- alkali treatment alkali treatment
- the wiring board obtained in Example 23 was filled with resin in the pores of the polyamideimide porous layer according to the following method.
- the wiring board was fixed on a top plate of a KPI hot plate (trade name “MODEL HP-19U300”) with polyimide tape.
- a rosin solution in which soluble rosin is dissolved in a solvent Toyobo Co., Ltd., by mouth max HR15ET (resin component: polyamideimide-based rosin, solvent: solvent ethanol 50 wt% Z toluene 50 wt%, solid content concentration 25% by weight, solution viscosity of 7 dPa's / 25 ° C)
- the resin composition is placed on the porous layer of the wiring board and spread with a spatula made of fluorine resin to form a porous layer.
- the pores were filled with the resin solution, and the excess solution was removed with a spatula and paper waste. Thereafter, heating was continued at 60 ° C for 1.5 hours.
- the solvent was volatilized and a resin-filled laminate was obtained.
- Example 23 The wiring board obtained in Example 23 was immersed in an NMP solvent in a glass petri dish, and then immediately pulled up and sandwiched between waste cloths to remove excess NMP. However, the porous layer of the wiring board immediately dissolved in NMP, and the wiring drawn on the porous layer flowed out and the pattern was completely destroyed.
- Example 23 The wiring board obtained in Example 23 was subjected to a solvent treatment by the following method. However, there was no change in the pore structure of the porous layer.
- the wiring board was immersed in an acetone solvent in a glass petri dish, and then immediately pulled up and sandwiched between waste cloths to remove excess acetone. Next, it was air-dried, fixed on a top plate of a KPI hot plate (trade name “MODEL HP-19U300”) with polyimide tape, and heated at 150 ° C. for 20 minutes. The porous layer of the obtained wiring board was strong with almost no change seen before solvent treatment.
- Example 23 Using the wiring board obtained in Example 23, a solvent board with a composition shown in Table 1 was subjected to solvent treatment by the following method to produce a wiring board in which the pore structure of the porous layer was lost. did.
- the wiring board was immersed in a mixed solvent in a glass petri dish, and then immediately pulled up and sandwiched between waste cloths to remove excess mixed solvent. Next, it was air-dried, fixed on a top plate of a KPI hot plate (trade name “MODEL HP-19U300”) with polyimide tape, and heated at 150 ° C. for 20 minutes. Based on the evaluation criteria described later, the transparency of the porous layer and the retention of the wiring pattern were evaluated. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 24 Using the wiring board obtained in Example 24, a solvent treatment was performed by the following method to produce a wiring board in which the pore structure of the porous layer was lost.
- the wiring board obtained by transparentizing the quality layer was obtained as a form in which wiring was formed on a transparent film having a slight yellow strength as a whole.
- the laminate obtained in Example 22 [substrate, porous layer is PET film (100 ⁇ m) Z polyamideimide (7 m)], conductive ink [silver paste nano-made by Fujikura Kasei Co., Ltd. Tight XA9053], printing speed was 10mmZsec, printing pressure was 0.2MPa, and screen printing was performed using a screen plate with a grid pattern with a line width of 20 and a pitch (repetition interval) of 300m. .
- the screen printing machine used was -LS-150TVA manufactured by Eurong Seimitsu Kogyo Co., Ltd. After printing, it was held at 150 ° C for 30 minutes to cure the conductive ink and form a wiring.
- the ink used was of a type in which acid silver was reduced to silver by heating, and showed a metallic silver gloss after heating that was black immediately after printing. When observed with an electron microscope, a lattice pattern with a line width of 20 ⁇ m and a pitch (repetition interval) of 300 ⁇ m was formed. It can be used as an electromagnetic shielding film.
- Example 47 The lattice pattern printed product obtained in Example 46 was filled with resin in the pores of the polyamideimide porous layer according to the following method.
- the wiring board was fixed on a top plate of a KPI hot plate (trade name “MODEL HP-19U300”) with polyimide tape and heated to 60 ° C.
- a curable resin (uncured) obtained by mixing AZ liquid A and ZB solution at a weight ratio of 100Z30 by Huntsman Advanced 'epoxy resin manufactured by Materia Luz (trade name "ALALDITE 2020", two-component epoxy resin) (Epoxy resin) was placed on the porous layer side surface of the magnet pattern printed product.
- the curable resin was spread with a spatula made of fluorine resin, and the pores of the porous layer were completely filled with uncured epoxy resin.
- Example 46 Using the lattice pattern printed product obtained in Example 46, a solvent treatment was performed by the following method to produce a lattice pattern printed product in which the pore structure of the porous layer was lost.
- a spray from Full Plastic Co. (trade name “Diaspray Excellent NO.3530”)
- it was naturally dried, fixed on a top plate of a KPI hot plate (trade name “MODEL HP-19U300”) with polyimide tape, and heated at 60 ° C. for 60 minutes.
- the polyamideimide porous layer was made transparent by the above-mentioned solvent treatment, and the obtained lattice pattern printed product was obtained in a form in which a lattice pattern was formed on a transparent film with a slight yellow color as a whole. It can be used as an electromagnetic shielding film.
- Example 1 instead of PET film as the base material, Kapton adhesive tape (Teraoka Seisakusho Co., Ltd., trade name “650R # 25 (with release film)”, Kapton thickness 25 ⁇ m, adhesive thickness
- Kapton adhesive tape (Teraoka Seisakusho Co., Ltd., trade name “650R # 25 (with release film)”, Kapton thickness 25 ⁇ m, adhesive thickness
- the porous layer is laminated on the base material in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the film is cast under the condition of a gap of 51 ⁇ m between the film applicator and the Kapton adhesive tape base material. A laminated body was obtained. The thickness of the porous layer was about 20 m, and the total thickness of the laminate was about 45 ⁇ m. When the tape peeling test was performed on the obtained laminate, the substrate and the porous layer were strong enough to cause no interface peeling.
- the porous layer was in close contact with the substrate, and the average pore diameter of the pores existing on the surface of the porous layer was about 1.
- O / zm. was almost homogeneous and had micropores with an average pore diameter of about 1.0 / zm over the entire area.
- the porosity inside the porous layer was 70%.
- Polyamideimide resin solution (trade name “Baiguchi Max HR11NN” manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd .; solid concentration 15% by weight, solvent NMP, solution viscosity 20dPa'sZ25 ° C)
- Polyvinylimide as a water-soluble polymer in 100 parts by weight 30 parts by weight of pyrrolidone (molecular weight 50,000) was added to prepare a stock solution for film formation.
- a SEFAR mesh cloth (thickness 50 m: trade name “PETEX PET 64HCJ”) was placed on a glass plate, and the stock solution maintained at 25 ° C. was cast on the mesh cloth using a film applicator.
- the gap between the film applicator and the mesh cloth was 51 m and immediately after casting, kept in a container with a humidity of about 100% and a temperature of 50 ° C for 4 minutes, then immersed in water to solidify,
- the laminated body in which the mesh cloth and the porous layer were combined was obtained by natural drying at room temperature without peeling off the mesh cloth force, and the total thickness of the laminated body was about 62 m.
- Example A1 The same operation as in Example A1 was performed except that a mesh cloth (thickness 61 ⁇ m) of the product name “NYTAL NY9 0HC” manufactured by SEFAR was used as the mesh cloth in Example A1. A laminate in which the quality layers were integrated was obtained. The total thickness of the laminate was about 70 ⁇ m.
- Example A1 The same procedure as in Example A1 was performed except that the mesh cloth (thickness 90 m) of the product name “NYTAL PAC F130-49,” manufactured by SEFAR was used as the mesh cloth in Example A1. And a porous body in which the porous layer was integrated. The total thickness of the laminate was about 97 ⁇ m.
- Example A1 total thickness of about 62 m: mesh cloth (PETEX PET 64HC) / porous layer is polyamideimide film] as the laminate, and using the sensitizing-activating method as the catalyst treatment An electromagnetic wave control material was created. Specifically, the sensitizing activating method was performed by the following method.
- a palladium chloride solution consisting of OmolZm 3 HCl was prepared and used as an activating solution.
- the laminate was immersed in a sensitizing solution for 120 seconds and then washed with ion-exchanged water. Next, after immersing in the activator solution for 60 seconds, the surface of the laminate was subjected to a catalyst treatment (activation treatment by formation of catalyst nuclei) by washing with ion-exchanged water.
- a catalyst treatment activation treatment by formation of catalyst nuclei
- Example A1 the same operation as in Example A1 was performed, except that a polyester-based non-woven fabric (thickness: about 100 ⁇ m) of MF-80KJ was used instead of mesh cloth. A laminate in which the nonwoven fabric and the porous layer were integrated was obtained, and the total thickness of the laminate was about 127 / zm.
- Polyethersulfone (trade name “Sumikaetacel PES 5200PJ” manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.), polybulurpyrrolidone (molecular weight 50,000) as a water-soluble polymer, and NMP as a solvent have a weight ratio of polyethersulfone ZNMPZ
- the mixture was mixed at a ratio of 15Z85Z30 to form a stock solution for film formation at 25 ° C, and a polyester-based non-woven fabric with a product name of “MF-80K” manufactured by Nippon Vilene Co., Ltd. m)
- the gap between the film applicator and the substrate was cast at a condition of 102 m.
- the nonwoven fabric and the porous layer were strong enough to cause no interface peeling.
- the porous layer was in close contact with the nonwoven fabric, and the average pore diameter of the pores existing on the surface of the porous layer was about 3. O / zm.
- the porosity inside the porous layer was 70%.
- Laminate obtained in Example A5 as a laminate [base material, porous layer is polyester-based non-woven fabric (approx. 100 m) Z polyamideimide, total thickness is approximately 127 m], conductive ink [Fujikura Kasei Co., Ltd. silver paste Nano'Doutite XA9053], printing speed is 30 mmZsec, printing pressure is 0. IMPa, screen printing method using 20 ⁇ m line and space (LZS 20 ⁇ m / 20 m) screen plate. Printing was done. The screen printing machine used was LS-25TVA manufactured by Eurong Seimitsu Kogyo Co., Ltd. After printing, the wiring was formed by holding at 180 ° C. for 30 minutes to cure the conductive ink.
- the wiring board obtained in Example A7 was filled with resin in the pores of the polyamideimide porous layer according to the following method.
- the above wiring board is fixed with polyimide tape to a Teflon (registered trademark) sheet (thickness 50 m) placed on the top plate of a KPI hot plate (trade name “MODEL HP-19U300”) at 60 ° C. The temperature rose.
- Curable resin uncured obtained by mixing AZB solution of epoxy resin (trade name “ALALDITE 2020”, two-component epoxy resin) made by Huntsman 'Advanced' Materials Co., Ltd. at a weight ratio of 100Z30 Epoxy resin) was placed on the porous layer side surface of the wiring board.
- the curable resin was spread with a spatula made of fluorine resin, and the pores of the porous layer were completely filled with uncured epoxy resin. Remove excess epoxy resin with spatula and paper waste After that, the epoxy resin was cured by allowing it to stand at room temperature of about 30 ° C. for 10 hours, thereby producing a wiring board in which the pores of the porous layer were filled with the resin.
- Example A1 The laminate obtained in Example A1 was shaped to prepare a sample (30 mm x 20 mm) with three small holes that form the apex of a right triangle whose side length is in the range of 8 to 30 mm.
- the change in the shape of the sample was evaluated by measuring the distances a, b, and c between the three points. First, the initial distances al, bl, and cl were measured. Next, about 50 cc of methanol as a solvent was placed in a petri dish having a diameter of about 100 mm, and a sample was put therein. After 10 minutes of immersion, the sample was taken out, sandwiched with a glass slide so as not to dry, and the distances a2, b2, and c2 were measured. The rate of change for each of a, b, and c was calculated using the following formula.
- Rate of change of a after immersion (%) ⁇ (a2— al) Zal ⁇ X 100
- the rate of change after immersion was 0% for all of a, b, and c, and the change in shape of the laminate due to methanol was strong. It was confirmed that the mesh cloth is very effective in maintaining the shape.
- Example A9 the change in the shape of the sample was evaluated by the same operation as in Example A9, except that ion-exchanged water was used as the solvent.
- the rate of change after immersion was 0% for all of a, b, and c, and the shape of the laminate due to ion-exchanged water did not change. It was confirmed that the mesh cloth is very effective in maintaining the shape.
- Polyamideimide resin solution (trade name “Baiguchi Max HR11NN” manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd .; solid concentration 15% by weight, solvent NMP, solution viscosity 20dPa'sZ25 ° C)
- Polyvinylimide as a water-soluble polymer in 100 parts by weight 30 parts by weight of pyrrolidone (molecular weight 50,000) was added to prepare a stock solution for film formation.
- the stock solution was made 25 ° C, and the copper foil made by Mitsui Mining & Smelting Co., Ltd. (trade name “3E C—HTE”, thickness 18 ⁇ m) was used on the rough surface using a film applicator.
- the film was cast under the condition of a gap of 51 ⁇ m between the substrate and the substrate. Immediately after casting It was kept in a container at a temperature of about 100% and a temperature of 50 ° C for 4 minutes. Then, it was immersed in water to be solidified, and then naturally dried at room temperature without peeling off the substrate force to obtain a laminate in which a porous layer was laminated on the substrate.
- the thickness of the porous layer was about 15 m, and the total thickness of the laminate was about 33 ⁇ m.
- the substrate and the porous layer were strong enough not to cause interface peeling.
- the porous layer was in close contact with the PET film, the average pore diameter of the pores existing on the surface of the porous layer was about 0.
- the inside of the porous layer was almost homogeneous. There were micropores with an average pore diameter of approximately 0.5 m across the entire area. The porosity inside the porous layer was 60%.
- Example B1 the same procedure as in Example B1 was performed, except that 10 parts by weight of the water-soluble polymer was used and the film applicator and the copper foil base material were cast with a gap of 152 ⁇ m. A laminate having a porous layer laminated thereon was obtained. The thickness of the porous layer was about 37 ⁇ m, and the total thickness of the laminate was about 55 ⁇ m.
- the substrate and the porous layer were strong enough not to cause interface peeling.
- the porous layer was in close contact with the substrate, the average pore diameter of the pores existing on the surface of the porous layer was about 7 m, and the inside of the porous layer was almost homogeneous. There were micropores with an average pore diameter of about 7 m across the entire area. The porosity inside the porous layer was 60%.
- Example B1 instead of copper foil, an aluminum foil manufactured by Tsukiko Nihon Foil Co., Ltd. (trade name “-Pakkufoil”, thickness 12 m) was used, and a film applicator was used on the rough surface of the aluminum foil.
- the same operation as in Example B1 was carried out except that casting was performed under the condition of a gap of 89 ⁇ m with the aluminum foil base material to obtain a laminate in which a porous layer was laminated on the base material.
- the thickness of the porous layer was about 23 ⁇ m, and the total thickness of the laminate was about 35 ⁇ m.
- the substrate and the porous layer were strong enough not to cause interface peeling.
- the porous layer was in close contact with the substrate, and the average pore diameter of the pores existing on the surface of the porous layer was about 0.5 m.
- the inside of the porous layer was almost homogeneous, and micropores with an average pore diameter of about 0.5 m existed throughout the entire area.
- the porosity inside the porous layer was 60%.
- Example B3 a laminate in which a porous layer was laminated on a substrate by performing the same operation as in Example B3, except that the stock solution was cast on the glossy surface of the aluminum foil as the substrate.
- the thickness of the porous layer was about 18 m, and the total thickness of the laminate was about 30 m.
- the substrate and the porous layer were strong enough not to cause interface peeling.
- the porous layer was in close contact with the substrate, the average pore diameter of the pores existing on the surface of the porous layer was about 0.5 m, and the inside of the porous layer was There were micropores that were almost homogeneous and had an average pore diameter of about 0.5 m across the entire area.
- the porosity inside the porous layer was 60%.
- Example B1 a PET film (trade name “S type” manufactured by Teijin DuPont Co., Ltd.) was used as the base material instead of copper foil, and the stock solution was cast on the PET film and then immersed in water to solidify. Next, a porous film was obtained by transferring the porous layer onto a copper foil (trade name “3EC-HTE” manufactured by Mitsui Mining & Smelting Co., Ltd., thickness 18 ⁇ m) on a rough surface and then drying.
- a PET film trade name “S type” manufactured by Teijin DuPont Co., Ltd.
- 3EC-HTE manufactured by Mitsui Mining & Smelting Co., Ltd., thickness 18 ⁇ m
- the average pore diameter of the pores existing on the surface of the porous layer is about 0.3 m, and the inside of the porous layer is almost homogeneous, and there are micropores having an average pore diameter of about 0.3 ⁇ throughout the entire area. Existed.
- the porosity inside the porous layer was 70% . ⁇
- Example B1 base material ⁇ porous layer is copper foil ⁇ polyamide imide
- base material ⁇ porous layer is copper foil ⁇ polyamide imide
- Imido It was heat-crosslinked and insolubilized to impart chemical resistance to the porous layer.
- the laminate having a porous layer imparted with solvent resistance by heat treatment did not dissolve even after 10 minutes of immersion in NMP, whereas the laminate obtained in Example B1 (before heat treatment) was dissolved in NMP within a few seconds.
- Laminate obtained in Example B1 [Substrate Z porous layer is copper foil (18; ⁇ ⁇ ) ⁇ Polyamideimide (15 ⁇ m)] The same operation as B1 was performed to form a polyamideimide porous layer with a thickness of approximately 15 m.
- the porous layer Z substrate Z porous layer was composed of polyamideimide (15 m) Z copper foil (18 m) Z
- a double-sided porous membrane laminate having a polyamideimide (15 m) force layer structure was obtained with a total thickness of about 48 ⁇ m.
- the substrate and the porous layer were strong enough not to cause interface peeling.
- the porous layer was in close contact with the polyimide film, and the average pore diameter of the pores existing on the surface of the porous layer was about 0.5 ⁇ m. There were almost uniform pores with an average pore diameter of about 0.5 m over the entire area. The porosity inside the porous layer was 60%.
- a novolac epoxy resin (trade name “YDCN-701”, manufactured by Tohto Kasei Co., Ltd.) is diluted with xylene, and a novolac epoxy resin Z solvent is 5 parts by weight Z100 parts by weight.
- a novolac epoxy resin Z solvent is 5 parts by weight Z100 parts by weight.
- the laminate obtained in Example B1 substrate Z porous layer is copper foil Z polyamideimide
- the novolac epoxy resin was cured by fixing with a mide tape and heating in a 220 ° C temperature bath for 30 minutes.
- the inside of the porous layer was almost homogeneous and composed of micropores having communication throughout the entire area, as in the laminate obtained in Example B1.
- a film having a porous layer prepared in Example B1 [Substrate Z porous layer is copper foil Z polyamide imide] was immersed in the coating solution for 3 minutes, and then the coating solution force was also taken out and naturally dried. Next, the film having the dried porous layer is fixed on a Teflon (registered trademark) plate with polyimide tape and heated in a 270 ° C. temperature bath for 30 minutes to be fluorinated resin Z polyisocyanate. The composite was cured. When the obtained laminate was observed with an electron microscope, the inside of the porous layer was almost homogeneous and composed of micropores having connectivity throughout the entire area, like the laminate obtained in Example B1! It was.
- Example B1 instead of Mitsui Kinzoku Mining Co., Ltd. copper foil, copper foil made by Fukuda Metal Foil Powder Co., Ltd. (trade name “RCF-T5B-18”, thickness 18 m) was used as the copper foil base material. Except for this point, the same operation as in Example B1 was performed to obtain a laminate in which a porous layer was laminated on a substrate. The thickness of the porous layer is about 21 ⁇ m, and the total thickness of the laminate is about 39 ⁇ m.
- the substrate and the porous layer were strong enough not to cause interface peeling.
- the porous layer was in close contact with the substrate, the average pore diameter of the pores existing on the surface of the porous layer was about 0.5 m, and the inside of the porous layer was There were micropores that were almost homogeneous and had an average pore diameter of about 0.5 m across the entire area.
- the porosity inside the porous layer was 60%.
- Example B 10 In Example B9, except that the stock solution was cast on the rough surface of the aluminum foil as the base material, the same operation as in Example B9 was performed, and a laminate in which the porous layer was laminated on the base material Got.
- the thickness of the porous layer was about 19 m, and the total thickness of the laminate was about 37 m.
- the substrate and the porous layer were strong enough not to cause interface peeling.
- the porous layer was in close contact with the substrate, the average pore diameter of the pores existing on the surface of the porous layer was about 0.5 m, and the inside of the porous layer was There were micropores that were almost homogeneous and had an average pore diameter of about 0.5 m across the entire area.
- the porosity inside the porous layer was 60%.
- Laminate obtained in Example 7 [base material / porous layer is polyimide film (25 ⁇ m) / polyamideimide (20 m)], and laminate obtained in Example B1 [substrate Z porous layer is Copper foil Z polyamide imide] using MIT's fatigue resistance tester MIT-D manufactured by Toyo Seiki Seisakusho
- a folding resistance test of C 5016 was performed.
- the test conditions were a sample shape of 15 X 110 mm, a bending angle of 135 °, a bending radius of curvature (R) O. 38 mm, a bending speed of 175 cpm, and a tension of 4.9 N.
- R bending radius of curvature
- the porous layer has a strong force that does not dissolve.
- the porosity of the film was determined by the following formula. Where V is the film volume (cm3), W is the film weight (g), D is the film material density (gZcm3). For example, the density of the polycarbonate used in Production Example C3 is 1.2 (g / cm3).
- a cellophane adhesive tape [made by Nichiban Co., Ltd., product name “Cello Tape (registered trademark) No. 405”, width 24 mm] is applied to both sides of the porous film (wiring board base material) on which the wiring is fabricated. Trace the bonded part with ( ⁇ 30mm, 200gf load). Next, using a universal tensile tester [Orientec Co., Ltd., trade name “TENSILON RTA-500”], peeling is performed 180 ° at a tensile speed of 50 mmZ. Note that this method uses the cellophane adhesive tape instead of attaching the adhesive in the method of JIS K 6854-2.
- the average pore diameter A1 of the surface that was in contact with the air side at the time of casting was about 1.1 m, and was in contact with the substrate side.
- the porosity of the film was 80%, and the permeation performance was measured.
- the Gurley air permeability was 9.5 seconds.
- Table 5 shows the results of measuring the contact angle for the obtained porous film.
- this porous film is either (0 distilled water, (ii) toluene, (iii) butyl carbitol phosphate, Gv) high viscosity aqueous solution A, or (V) high viscosity aqueous solution B. Also, it can exhibit good liquid absorbency.
- Polyetherimide (PEI) [manufactured by GE Plastics Ltd., trade name “Ultem 1000”] and polyvinylpyrrolidone (molecular weight 550,000) are dissolved in NMP solvent to a concentration of 17% by weight to form a film.
- the stock solution was adjusted to 25 ° C, and the gap was adjusted using a film applicator so that the thickness of the porous film was 50 m.
- the PET film (S Cast on type, thickness 100 ⁇ m). After casting, it was kept for 3 minutes in an atmosphere with a relative humidity of 100% and a temperature of 25 ° C, and then immersed in water to solidify. Next, using a nonwoven fabric made of polypropylene (support: air permeability less than 1 second ZlOOcc, film thickness 260 m), the film is transferred onto this support and dried together with the porous film (porous film B). )
- PC Polycarbonate
- NMP N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
- S type thickness 100 ⁇ m
- S type thickness 100 ⁇ m
- the average pore diameter A1 of the surface in contact with the air side during casting was 2.4 / ⁇ ⁇
- the surface of the surface in contact with the substrate side was The average pore diameter ⁇ 2 was 3.3 ⁇ ⁇
- Al / A2 0.73
- the inside of the film was almost homogeneous, and there were micropores having communication throughout the entire area.
- the porosity of the film was 70%, and when the permeation performance was measured, the Gurley air permeability was 11.2 seconds.
- the average pore diameter A1 of the surface that was in contact with the air side during casting was 2 m, the inside of the film was almost homogeneous, and the entire area was in communication. Existed micropores.
- the porosity of the film was 70%.
- the average pore diameter A1 of the surface that was in contact with the air side during casting was 6 m, the inside of the film was almost uniform, and the entire area was in communication. Existed micropores.
- the porosity of the film was 70%.
- Printing was performed on the porous film A obtained in Production Example C1 by an inkjet (U) method using a conductive ink [manufactured by ULVAC Material Co., Ltd., trade name “Ag nanometal ink AglTeH”].
- U inkjet
- a conductive ink manufactured by ULVAC Material Co., Ltd., trade name “Ag nanometal ink AglTeH”].
- the average diameter in the case of an ellipse, the average value of the major axis and minor axis
- Fig. 7 the shape in which the midpoints of two opposing 5 mm squares (pads) 4 arranged in parallel are connected by a line 5 with a length of 10 mm. went.
- the dot interval was drawn in one row at half the average diameter (60 m).
- the line width was 130 m.
- the conductivity of the wiring was measured as follows.
- the conductive adhesive Cu wire was brought into close contact with the pad 4 at both ends in FIG. 7, a voltage of 2 V was applied thereto, the flowing current was detected, and the resistance value ( ⁇ ) was also calculated. As a result, the conductivity of the wiring was 45 ⁇ .
- a peel test was performed on this wiring with a cellophane adhesive tape. As a result, the adhesive tape peeled off and the wiring was not missing. After the peel test, the electrical conductivity of the wiring was measured again, and the result was 47 ⁇ .
- Printing was performed on the porous membrane obtained in Production Example C2 by an inkjet method using a conductive ink [trade name “Ag nanometal ink AglTeH” manufactured by ULVAC Material Co., Ltd.].
- a conductive ink [trade name “Ag nanometal ink AglTeH” manufactured by ULVAC Material Co., Ltd.].
- printing was performed in the shape shown in FIG. In the line part, the dot spacing was drawn in one row with half the average diameter (43 ⁇ m). The line width was 90 ⁇ m.
- Example C1 After printing, it was kept at 200 ° C. for 30 minutes, and the conductive ink was cured to form a wiring. As a result of measuring the conductivity of the wiring in the same manner as in Example C1, it was 50 ⁇ . Next, a peel test was performed on the wiring with a cellophane adhesive tape. The adhesive tape was peeled off, but the wiring was not missing. After the peel test, the electrical conductivity of the wiring was measured again.
- the porous film C obtained in Production Example C3 was printed by an inkjet method using a conductive ink [trade name “Ag nanometal ink AglTeH” manufactured by ULVAC MATERIAL CO., LTD.].
- a conductive ink [trade name “Ag nanometal ink AglTeH” manufactured by ULVAC MATERIAL CO., LTD.].
- printing was performed in the shape shown in FIG. In the line portion, the dot interval was drawn in one row with half the average diameter (70 m).
- the line width is 140 m.
- Example C1 After printing, it was kept at 200 ° C. for 30 minutes, and the conductive ink was cured to form a wiring. As a result of measuring the conductivity of the wiring in the same manner as in Example C1, it was 42 ⁇ . Next, when a peel test was performed on the wiring with a cellophane adhesive tape, the adhesive tape was peeled off, but the wiring was not missing. After the peel test, the wiring conductivity was measured again.
- Comparative Example C1 Polyimide film (PI film) [made by Toray DuPont Co., Ltd., trade name “Kapton: 3 ⁇ 4, thickness 50 ⁇ m] and conductive ink [trade name“ Ag nanometal ink Agl TeH ”made by ULVAC Material Co., Ltd.] Then, printing was performed by an inkjet method. First, one dot (30 pl) was printed, and the average diameter (in the case of an ellipse, the average value of the major axis and minor axis) was 170 m. Next, printing was performed in the shape shown in FIG. In the line part, the dot interval is drawn in one row with half the average diameter (85 ⁇ m). The line width was 230 ⁇ m.
- EFE film Fluororesin film [Daikin Kogyo Co., Ltd., trade name “Neofluon E TFE EF-0050”, thickness 50 m]
- conductive ink Ulvac Materials Co., Ltd., trade name “Ag Nano Metal Ink” AglTeH ”
- EFE film Fluororesin film
- one dot (30pl) was printed, and the average diameter (in the case of an ellipse, the average value of the major axis and minor axis) was 80 m.
- printing was performed in the shape shown in FIG. In the line portion, the dot interval was drawn in one row with half the average diameter (40 m). The line width was 110 m, but there were cisterns in the line, and there was a break.
- the porous film D obtained in Production Example C4 was printed by an inkjet method using a conductive ink [manufactured by ULVAC Material Co., Ltd., trade name “Ag nanometal ink AglTeH”]. After printing, it was kept at 200 ° C. for 30 minutes, and the conductive ink was cured to form a wiring. Next, when this wiring was subjected to a peeling test using a cellophane adhesive tape, the adhesive tape was peeled off, but the wiring did not lack.
- the porous film E obtained in Production Example C5 was printed by an inkjet method using a conductive ink [trade name “Ag nanometal ink AglTeH” manufactured by ULVAC MATERIAL CO., LTD.]. After printing, it was kept at 200 ° C. for 30 minutes, and the conductive ink was cured to form a wiring. Next, when this wiring was subjected to a peeling test using a cellophane adhesive tape, the adhesive tape was peeled off, but the wiring did not lack. [0514]
- the porous film F obtained in Production Example C6 was printed by an inkjet method using a conductive ink [trade name “Ag Nanometal Ink AglTeH” manufactured by ULVAC Material Co., Ltd.]. After printing, it was kept at 200 ° C. for 30 minutes, and the conductive ink was cured to form a wiring. Next, when this wiring was subjected to a peeling test using a cellophane adhesive tape, the adhesive tape was peeled off, but the wiring did not lack.
- PAI Polyamideimide film
- Polyimide film (PI film) [Dense film with a thickness of 100 ⁇ m: average pore size 0.005 m, empty efficiency 60%], using conductive ink [trade name “Ag nanometal ink AglTeH” manufactured by ULVAC Material Co., Ltd.] Then, printing was performed by an inkjet method.
- PET film Polyethylene terephthalate film [Dense membrane with a thickness of 25 ⁇ m: average pore size 0.008 m, empty efficiency 60%]
- conductive ink trade name “Ag nanometal ink AglTeH” manufactured by ULVAC Material Co., Ltd.] was printed by an inkjet method.
- the porous film A obtained in Production Example C1 was printed by a screen printing method using a conductive ink [Ag paste: manufactured by Daiken Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name “CA-2503”].
- Pattern 2 version Figure 8 (a) shows an electron micrograph taken with the printed surface of the printed material magnified 200 times. As is clear from Fig. 8 (a), printing with excellent print reproducibility was obtained. Furthermore, an electron micrograph of the AA 'line cross section of Fig. 8 (a) magnified 1000 times is shown in Fig. 8 (b). As is clear from Fig. 8 (b), a printing with excellent stability in which the conductive ink was adhered to the surface of the porous film was obtained.
- Example C7 except that the porous film B obtained in Production Example C2 was used as the porous film, screen printing was performed according to the same method as in Example C7, and the average of the pattern 1 plate was used. A printed matter having a line width of 100 ⁇ m and an average line width of 40 IX m was obtained using the pattern 2 plate.
- this cell was subjected to a peel test using a cellophane adhesive tape, the adhesive tape was peeled off, but the wire did not lose its strength.
- Example C7 except that the porous film C obtained in Production Example C3 was used as the porous film, screen printing was performed in the same manner as in Example C7, and the average line width was obtained using the pattern 1 plate. A printed material having an average line width of 40 im was obtained using a plate of 100 wm and pattern 2. When this cell was subjected to a peel test using a cellophane adhesive tape, the adhesive tape was peeled off, but no wires were missing.
- the average line width (LAve) is traced to a transparent Finolem and its weight is overlapped.
- the average line width was calculated by converting the quantity force.
- Polyamideimide ( PAI ) resin solution [Toyobo Co., Ltd., trade name "Baiguchi Max HR11NJ] 100 parts by weight and 35 parts by weight of polyvinylpyrrolidone (molecular weight 5.50,000; water-soluble polymer) were mixed and dissolved.
- a polymer solution for film formation was prepared using a film applicator, the gap was adjusted so that the thickness after drying was about 30 m, and a polyimide (PI) film (homogeneous) After casting, the film was kept in an atmosphere of 25 ° C and 100% RH for 3 minutes, immersed in water to solidify, and then dried to be a porous film Got.
- PI polyimide
- the average pore diameter A1 of the micropores on the surface that was in contact with the air side during casting was 0.2 / ⁇ ⁇
- the micropores on the surface that was in contact with the substrate side was The average pore diameter ⁇ 2 was 0.2 m
- AlZA2 1, and it was confirmed that the film had a uniform pore diameter on both sides.
- the surface and cross section of the film were observed with an electron microscope (SEM)
- the air-side surface and the substrate-side surface of the film were both formed by dispersing micropores having uniform pore diameters.
- the inside was almost homogeneous, and there were micropores that communicated throughout the entire area.
- the porosity of the film was 80%, and the Gurley value was less than 10 seconds.
- the A2 and Gurley values were measured after the PAI porous film was peeled off.
- Polyetherimide (PEI) [manufactured by GE Plastics Japan Ltd., trade name “ULTEM 1000”] and polyvinylpyrrolidone (molecular weight 550,000; water-soluble polymer) are used as solvents N
- a polymer solution for film formation was prepared by dissolving in methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP). This polymer solution is dried using a film applicator to a thickness of about 30 The gap was adjusted to be ⁇ m, and the film was cast on a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film (homogeneous substrate; thickness 100 m). After casting, the film was held in an atmosphere of 25 ° C. and 100% RH for 10 seconds, immersed in water to solidify, and then dried to obtain a porous film.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- the average pore diameter A1 of the micropores on the surface that was in contact with the air side during casting was 3.2 / ⁇ ⁇
- the micropores on the surface that was in contact with the substrate side was The average pore diameter ⁇ 2 was 3.5 ⁇ ⁇
- Al / A2 0.91
- the surface and cross section of the film were observed with an electron microscope (SEM)
- the air side surface and the substrate side surface of the film were both formed with dispersed micropores having uniform pore diameters. Were almost homogeneous, and there were micropores that communicated throughout.
- the porosity of the film was 60%, and the Gurley value was 10 seconds or less. Note that ⁇ 2 and Gurley values were measured after the porous film was peeled from the PET film substrate.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- ink used for printing was “CA-2503” (main solvent: butyl carbitol acetate) manufactured by Daiken Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.
- the straight line was magnified (200x) using an electron microscope, and the average line width (LAve), maximum line width (LMax), and minimum line width (LMin) at a length of 500 ⁇ m were measured. 43.9 m, 48.5 m and 33.3 ⁇ m.
- butyl carbitol is applied on the surface of the polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- Polyimide film (PI film) [Toray 'Dupont Co., Ltd., trade name “Kapton 100H”, thickness 25 ⁇ m], using pattern diagram (straight line; linear width setting value 50 ⁇ m), screen printing Went.
- the ink used for printing was “CA-2503” (main solvent: butyl carbitol acetate) manufactured by Daiken Igaku Kogyo Co., Ltd. After printing, the ink was dried at 100 ° C for 30 minutes. The straight line was magnified using an electron microscope (200x), and the average line width (LAve), maximum line width (LMax), and minimum line width (LMin) at a length of 500 / zm were measured.
- LAve average line width
- LMax maximum line width
- LMin minimum line width
- Fig. 20 shows an enlarged photograph of the printed surface of the printed matter obtained. As is clear from the figure, it was only possible to obtain prints with poor linearity (thin line description).
- Ptylcarbitol acetate was dropped onto the surface (air side surface) of the PAI porous film obtained in Production Example D1, and the contact angle was measured. The angle was 19.5 ° and the droplet radius was 1290 / zm.
- water, toluene, and decanol were dropped on the surface of the porous film and the contact angles were measured.
- the contact angles at 300 sec after dropping were 17.2 ° and 13.2, respectively. 7 ° and 25.2 °. Even if an ink containing these solvents as a main solvent is used, a printed matter having excellent print reproducibility can be obtained.
- PET Polyethylene terephthalate
- PET Polyethylene terephthalate
- L1 Polyethylene terephthalate
- the ink used for printing is “CA-2503” (main solvent: butyl carbitol acetate) manufactured by Daiken Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.
- the ink was dried at 100 ° C. for 30 minutes.
- An enlarged photograph of the printed surface of the printed matter obtained is shown in FIG. As can be seen from the figure, the reproducibility of the printed image was poor, and printing was not possible.
- Polyimide film (PI film) [Toray 'DuPont Co., Ltd., trade name “Kapton 100H”, thickness 25 ⁇ m]
- screen printing was performed using a plate having a linear part with line width m (Ll). I got it.
- Fig. 26 shows an enlarged photograph of the printed surface of the printed matter obtained. As is clear from the figure, the reproducibility of the printed drawing was poor, and only printing was obtained.
- the surface of the printed matter obtained by drying the solvent is pulled with a pencil of each hardness, We observed whether the surface layer (densified layer or porous film layer) was peeled off, and evaluated the adhesion according to the following criteria. It is particularly preferable that the pencil hardness 6B is “ ⁇ ”, and the pencil hardness 2B is preferably “ ⁇ ”, and the pencil hardness 2H is more preferably “ ⁇ ”.
- ⁇ The surface is not scratched and the surface layer is not peeled off.
- the measurement conditions are as follows.
- Pencil and sample film angle 45 °
- Tensile strength was measured according to JIS-K7127. In the actual measurement, a universal tensile tester [Orientec Co., Ltd., trade name “TENSIRON RTA-500”] was used.
- a porous film simple substance sample before melting was used.
- F2 a porous film single sample was placed on a peelable support such as a Teflon (registered trademark) film, heated and melted, peeled off from the support, and used for measurement.
- the measurement conditions are as follows.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Adhesive Tapes (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Printed Wiring (AREA)
Description
Claims
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JP2008501688A JPWO2007097249A1 (ja) | 2006-02-20 | 2007-02-16 | 多孔性フィルム及び多孔性フィルムを用いた積層体 |
EP20070714348 EP1995053B1 (en) | 2006-02-20 | 2007-02-16 | Porous film and layered product including porous film |
US12/224,180 US8294040B2 (en) | 2006-02-20 | 2007-02-16 | Porous film and multilayer assembly using the same |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2410824A2 (en) | 2012-01-25 |
KR20090003249A (ko) | 2009-01-09 |
US20090008142A1 (en) | 2009-01-08 |
EP1995053A4 (en) | 2010-12-29 |
JPWO2007097249A1 (ja) | 2009-07-09 |
EP1995053B1 (en) | 2013-05-01 |
TW200800609A (en) | 2008-01-01 |
EP1995053A1 (en) | 2008-11-26 |
EP2487030A2 (en) | 2012-08-15 |
EP2591912A1 (en) | 2013-05-15 |
EP2410824A3 (en) | 2012-10-31 |
EP2487030A3 (en) | 2012-10-31 |
US8294040B2 (en) | 2012-10-23 |
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