WO2005062087A1 - 偏光板、光学フィルムおよび画像表示装置 - Google Patents
偏光板、光学フィルムおよび画像表示装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005062087A1 WO2005062087A1 PCT/JP2004/018120 JP2004018120W WO2005062087A1 WO 2005062087 A1 WO2005062087 A1 WO 2005062087A1 JP 2004018120 W JP2004018120 W JP 2004018120W WO 2005062087 A1 WO2005062087 A1 WO 2005062087A1
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- Prior art keywords
- polarizing plate
- film
- polarizer
- light
- liquid crystal
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
- G02B5/3083—Birefringent or phase retarding elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
- G02B5/3008—Polarising elements comprising dielectric particles, e.g. birefringent crystals embedded in a matrix
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
- G02B5/3025—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state
- G02B5/3058—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state comprising electrically conductive elements, e.g. wire grids, conductive particles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/80—Constructional details
- H10K59/8791—Arrangements for improving contrast, e.g. preventing reflection of ambient light
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/80—Constructional details
- H10K50/86—Arrangements for improving contrast, e.g. preventing reflection of ambient light
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a polarizing plate.
- the present invention also relates to the polarizing plate and the optical film.
- the present invention relates to an image display device such as a liquid crystal display device, an organic EL display device, a CRT, and a PDP using the polarizing plate and the optical film.
- Liquid crystal display devices are rapidly expanding to markets such as watches, mobile phones, PDAs, notebook computers, monitors for personal computers, DVD players, and TVs.
- the liquid crystal display device visualizes a change in polarization state due to switching of liquid crystal, and uses a display principle of a polarizer.
- displays with higher brightness and higher contrast are required for applications such as TV, and polarizers with higher brightness (high transmittance) and higher contrast (high polarization) have been developed and introduced. Have been.
- a polarizer for example, an iodine-based polarizer having a structure in which iodine is adsorbed on polybutyl alcohol and stretched is widely used because of its high transmittance and high degree of polarization. And Patent Document 1). However, since the degree of polarization on the short wavelength side is relatively low, the iodine polarizer has problems on the hue such as blue spots in black display and yellowish in white display.
- Iodine-based polarizers are apt to cause unevenness during iodine adsorption. For this reason, particularly in the case of black display, there is a problem that the unevenness of the transmittance is detected and the visibility is reduced.
- a method of increasing the amount of iodine adsorbed on the iodine-based polarizer to increase the intensity tl so that the transmittance at the time of black display is equal to or less than the human eye's perception limit, or a method of unevenness A method that employs a stretching process that does not easily generate the same has been proposed.
- the former has a problem that the transmittance of white display is reduced at the same time as the transmittance of black display, and the display itself is darkened. In the latter case, it is necessary to replace the process itself, and there is a problem that productivity is deteriorated.
- a polarizer has a protective film such as a triacetyl cellulose film on both surfaces. Used as a polarizing plate sandwiched between films.
- a protective film such as a triacetyl cellulose film
- the triacetyl cellulose film has a retardation value, the above hue problem is not sufficient.
- a polarizer using polyvinyl alcohol is hydrophilic
- the polarizer itself originally has a high hygroscopic property, and simply uses a film having a low moisture permeability or low water absorption as described above as a protective film.
- the polarizer force impedes the transmission of the divergent water, and in a high-temperature environment, the inside of the polarizer itself becomes hot and humid.As a result, the light transmittance, the degree of polarization, etc. The amount of change was large, and the reliability as a polarizing plate was low.
- Patent Document 1 JP 2001-296427 A
- Patent Document 2 JP-A-6-51117
- Patent Document 3 JP-A-7-77608
- Patent Document 4 JP-A-11-142645
- the present invention provides a polarizing plate having a high transmittance and a high degree of polarization and capable of suppressing unevenness in transmittance during black display, and a polarizing plate having good durability. Aim to be The
- Another object of the present invention is to provide an optical film using the polarizing plate. Another object is to provide an image display device using the polarizing plate and the optical film. Means for solving the problem
- the present inventors have conducted intensive studies to solve the above problems, and as a result, have found that the above object can be achieved by the following polarizing plate, and have completed the present invention.
- the present invention relates to a polarizing plate in which a protective film is laminated on one or both sides of a polarizer,
- the polarizer is a film having a structure in which minute regions are dispersed in a matrix formed by a translucent water-soluble resin containing an iodine-based light absorber,
- the direction in which the in-plane refractive index in the film surface is the maximum is the X axis
- the direction perpendicular to the X axis is the Y axis
- the thickness direction of the film is the Z axis.
- In-plane retardation Re (nx-ny) X d is 20 nm or less
- a thickness direction retardation Rth ⁇ (nx + ny) / 2-nz) X d) a polarizing plate characterized in that the force is 30 nm or less.
- the minute region of the polarizer is formed of an oriented birefringent material.
- the birefringent material preferably exhibits liquid crystallinity at least at the time of alignment treatment.
- the polarizer of the present invention has an iodine-based polarizer formed of a light-transmitting water-soluble resin and an iodine-based light absorber as a matrix, and has minute regions dispersed in the matrix. . It is preferable that the minute region is formed of an oriented birefringent material, and particularly that the minute region is formed of a material exhibiting liquid crystallinity. As described above, by combining the function of absorption dichroism and the function of scattering anisotropy by the iodine-based light absorber, the polarization performance is improved by the synergistic effect of the two functions, and the transmittance and the degree of polarization are improved. It is possible to obtain a polarizer having both excellent visibility and compatibility.
- the iodine-based light absorber refers to a species that absorbs visible light, i.e., an iodine force, and is generally a light-transmitting water-soluble resin (particularly, a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin) and a polyiodine. Elementary ion (I-, I-, etc.). Iodine-based light absorber is iodine
- polyiodide ions are formed from iodine and iodide ions.
- the scattering performance of anisotropic scattering is caused by the difference in the refractive index between the matrix and the minute region. If the material forming the microscopic region is, for example, a liquid crystalline material, the wavelength dispersion of ⁇ is higher than that of the translucent water-soluble resin of the matrix. The smaller the wavelength, the greater the amount of scattering. Therefore, the shorter the wavelength, the greater the effect of improving the polarization performance, compensating for the relatively low polarization performance of the iodine-based polarizer on the short wavelength side, thereby realizing a polarizer with high polarization and a hue of -Eutral.
- a protective film having a small retardation is used, so that the problem of optical coloring related to the protective film can be almost eliminated.
- the in-plane phase difference of the protective film is 20 nm or less, more preferably lOnm or less.
- the thickness direction retardation is 30 nm or less, more preferably 20 nm or less.
- the birefringence of a minute region of the polarizer is preferably 0.02 or more.
- a material having the birefringence is preferably used from the viewpoint of obtaining a larger anisotropic scattering function.
- the difference in the refractive index in each optical axis direction between the birefringent material forming the minute region of the polarizer and the translucent water-soluble resin is:
- the refractive index difference ( ⁇ 1 ) in the axial direction showing the maximum value is 0.03 or more;
- the difference in the refractive index ( ⁇ 2 ) in two axial directions orthogonal to the ⁇ 1 direction is 50% or less of the ⁇ 1 .
- a straight line in the ⁇ 1 direction as proposed in US Pat. No. 2,123,902 can be obtained.
- a scattering anisotropic film having a function of selectively scattering only polarized light can be obtained. That is, since a large difference in the refractive index in .DELTA..eta 1 direction to scatter linearly polarized light, whereas, because of their small refractive index difference in .DELTA..eta 2 direction, it is possible to transmit the linearly polarized light. It is preferable that the refractive index difference ( ⁇ 2 ) in two axial directions orthogonal to the ⁇ 1 direction be equal.
- the refractive index difference ( ⁇ 1 ) in the ⁇ 1 direction should be 0.03 or more, preferably Is preferably 0.05 or more, particularly preferably 0.10 or more.
- the difference in refractive index ( ⁇ 2 ) in two directions orthogonal to the ⁇ 1 direction is preferably 50% or less, more preferably 30% or less of ⁇ 1 .
- an iodine based light absorbing material of the polarizer an absorption axis of the material, oriented in one way direction .DELTA..eta, preferred is Rukoto.
- the iodine based light absorbing material in the matrix, by the absorption axis of the material is oriented to be parallel to the .DELTA..eta 1 direction, selectively absorb the .DELTA..eta 1 direction of linearly polarized light is scattered polarization direction Can be done.
- linearly polarized light component .DELTA..eta 2 direction of the incident light is almost no absorption by and iodine light absorbing material that Nag that are the same immediately scattered with conventional iodine based polarizers without anisotropic scattering performance.
- a linearly polarized light component in .DELTA..eta 1 direction is scattered, and is absorbed by Katsuyo ⁇ iodine based light absorbing material.
- absorption is determined by absorption coefficient and thickness.
- the optical path length is significantly longer than when there is no scattering.
- the polarization component in the ⁇ 1 direction is absorbed more than the conventional iodine polarizer. That is, a higher degree of polarization can be obtained with the same transmittance.
- the degree of polarization (k k) Z (k + k).
- the degree of polarization (kk ') / (k + k').
- the above is a calculation, and of course the function is somewhat reduced due to the effects of depolarization due to scattering, surface reflection and backscattering.
- the higher the ⁇ the better the dichroic ratio of the iodine-based light-absorbing material can be expected.
- the scattering anisotropy function should be made as high as possible and the polarized light in the ⁇ 1 direction should be selectively and strongly scattered.
- the ratio of the backscattering intensity to the incident light intensity is preferably 30% or less, and more preferably 20% or less.
- a film produced by stretching can be suitably used as the film used as the polarizer for the polarizing plate.
- the minute area of the polarizer preferably has a length in .DELTA..eta 2 direction is 0.1 05-500.
- dispersed minute domains have the length of .DELTA..eta 2 direction 0. 05-500 ⁇ m, preferably 0.5-100 m. Scattering may not fully provided the .DELTA..eta 2 length of the minute domains is too short a compared with wavelengths.
- the length of the minute region in the direction of ⁇ 2 is too long, there is a possibility that a problem such as a decrease in film strength or a problem that the liquid crystalline material forming the minute region is not sufficiently oriented in the minute region.
- an iodine-based absorber of a polarizer having an absorption region in a wavelength band of at least 400 to 700 nm is used.
- the protective film comprises (A) a thermoplastic resin having a substituted and / or Z or non-substituted side chain in the side chain and (B) a substituted and / or Z or non-substituted side chain in the side chain.
- a resin composition containing a phenyl group and a thermoplastic resin having a -tolyl group, and at least one selected from norbornene resins can be preferably used.
- at least one selected from polyolefin resin, polyester resin and polyamide resin can be preferably used.
- the security A cellulose-based resin film can be used.
- the protective film using the above-described material can secure a stable retardation value even when the polarizer undergoes dimensional change under high temperature or high humidity and receives the stress. That is, it is possible to obtain an optical film with little change in characteristics that causes no phase difference even in an environment of high temperature and high humidity.
- a protective film containing a mixture of thermoplastic resins (A) and (B) is preferable.
- the strength of a film material can be improved by stretching, and stronger mechanical properties can be obtained.
- a retardation occurs in many materials due to the stretching treatment, it cannot be used as a protective film for a polarizer.
- the protective film containing a mixture of the thermoplastic resins (A) and (B) is also preferable in that the in-plane retardation and the thickness direction retardation can be satisfied even when the film is stretched.
- the stretching treatment may be either uniaxial stretching or biaxial stretching. In particular, a biaxially stretched film is preferred.
- the polarizing plate preferably has a transmittance of 80% or more for linearly polarized light in the transmission direction and a haze value of not more than%, and a haze value of 30% or more for linearly polarized light in the absorption direction.
- the polarizing plate having the transmittance and the haze value has high transmittance and good visibility with respect to linearly polarized light in the transmission direction, and has strong light with respect to linearly polarized light in the absorption direction. It has diffusibility. Therefore, it is possible to have a high transmittance and a high degree of polarization without sacrificing other optical characteristics and to suppress unevenness of the transmittance at the time of black display by a simple method. That is, when displaying black, unevenness due to local transmittance variation is concealed by scattering, and when displaying white, a clear image is obtained without scattering, that is, visibility is improved, and liquid crystal display is improved. When applied to equipment, etc., there is little or no light leakage observed from the front and obliquely.
- the polarizing plate of the present invention has a transmittance as high as possible for linearly polarized light in the transmission direction, that is, linearly polarized light in a direction orthogonal to the maximum absorption direction of the iodine-based light absorber.
- it has a light transmittance of 80% or more when the light intensity of the linearly polarized light which is preferably incident is 100.
- the light transmittance is more preferably 85% or more, and further preferably the light transmittance is 88% or more.
- the light transmittance is measured using a spectrophotometer with an integrating sphere.
- the haze value for linearly polarized light in the transmission direction is preferably 5% or less. It is more preferably at most 3%, further preferably at most 1%.
- the polarizing plate desirably strongly scatters the linearly polarized light in the absorption direction, that is, the linearly polarized light in the maximum absorption direction of the iodine-based light absorber, from the viewpoint of concealing unevenness due to local transmittance variation by scattering. Therefore, the haze value for linearly polarized light in the absorption direction is preferably 30% or more. It is more preferably at least 40%, further preferably at least 50%. Note that the haze value is a value measured based on JIS K 7136 (a method for finding ⁇ of a plastic-transparent material).
- optical characteristics are caused by the fact that the function of scattering anisotropy is combined with the function of absorption dichroism of the polarizer.
- the present invention also relates to an optical film, wherein at least one polarizing plate is laminated.
- the present invention relates to an image display device characterized by using the polarizing plate or the optical film.
- FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of the polarizer of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing polarized light absorption spectra of polarizers of Example 1 and Comparative Example 3.
- the polarizing plate of the present invention has a protective film laminated on one or both sides of a polarizer.
- FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of a polarizer of the present invention, in which a film is formed of a translucent water-soluble resin 1 containing an iodine light absorber 2, and a micro region 3 is formed using the film as a matrix. It has a decentralized structure.
- FIG. 1 shows an axial direction in which the refractive index difference between the microscopic region 3 and the translucent water-soluble resin 1 shows the maximum value.
- ⁇ n 1 direction an example in which the iodine based light absorbing material 2 is oriented.
- minute domains 3 ⁇ polarization components of n 1 direction is scattered.
- the ⁇ 1 direction in one direction in the film plane is the absorption axis.
- the ⁇ 2 direction orthogonal to the ⁇ 1 direction in the film plane is the transmission axis.
- another .DELTA..eta 2 direction perpendicular to .DELTA..eta 1 direction is the thickness direction.
- the translucent water-soluble resin 1 those having translucency in the visible light region and capable of dispersing and adsorbing an iodine-based light absorbing material can be used without particular limitation.
- polybutyl alcohol or a derivative thereof conventionally used in a polarizer can be mentioned.
- Derivatives of polybutyl alcohol include polybutylformal, polybutylacetal, etc., and other olefins such as ethylene and propylene, unsaturated carboxylic acids such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, crotonic acid, alkyl esters thereof, and acrylamide. And the like.
- Examples of the translucent water-soluble resin 1 include polybutylpyrrolidone-based resin and amylose-based resin.
- the translucent water-soluble resin 1 is unlikely to cause orientation birefringence due to molding distortion and the like! ⁇ ⁇ It may be isotropic, and tends to cause orientation birefringence! ⁇ It has good anisotropy.
- the material forming the minute region 3 is not particularly limited as to whether it is isotropic or has birefringence.
- birefringent materials are preferred.
- a material exhibiting liquid crystallinity at least at the time of alignment treatment hereinafter, referred to as liquid crystalline material
- liquid crystalline material a material exhibiting liquid crystallinity at least at the time of alignment treatment. That is, as long as the liquid crystalline material exhibits liquid crystallinity at the time of the alignment treatment, it may exhibit liquid crystallinity in the formed minute region 3 or may lose liquid crystallinity.
- the birefringent material (liquid crystal material) forming the minute regions 3 may be any of nematic liquid crystal, smectic liquid crystal, and cholesteric liquid crystal, or may be lyotropic liquid crystal. Further, the birefringent material may be formed by polymerization of a liquid crystalline monomer which may be a liquid crystalline thermoplastic resin.
- a liquid crystal material is a liquid crystal thermoplastic resin
- a material having a high glass transition temperature is preferable from the viewpoint of the heat resistance of the finally obtained structure. It is preferable to use one that is in a glassy state at least at room temperature.
- the liquid crystalline thermoplastic resin is oriented by heating, fixed by cooling, and forms the microscopic region 3 while maintaining the liquid crystallinity.
- the minute regions 3 can be formed in a state of being fixed by polymerization, cross-linking, or the like. However, in some of the formed minute regions 3, the liquid crystallinity is lost.
- liquid crystalline thermoplastic resin polymers having various skeletons of a main chain type, a side chain type or a composite type thereof can be used without any particular limitation.
- the main chain type liquid crystal polymer include a condensation type polymer having a structure in which a mesogen group having an aromatic unit is bonded, for example, a polymer such as a polyester type, a polyamide type, a polycarbonate type, and a polyesternoimide type.
- aromatic unit serving as a mesogen group include a phenolic unit, a biphenyl-based unit, and a naphthalene-based unit. These aromatic units include a cyano group, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, and a halogen group. It may have a substituent.
- the side chain type liquid crystal polymer there may be mentioned a polyatalylate type, a polymethalylate type, a poly-hello-atalylate type, a poly- ⁇ -nitrosanoacrylate type, a polyacrylamide type, a polysiloxane type, and a polymalonate type.
- a mesogen group comprising a cyclic unit or the like in the side chain.
- the cyclic unit to be a mesogen group include biphenyl, phenylbenzoate, phenylcyclohexane, azoxybenzene, azomethine, azobenzene, phenylpyrimidine, and diphenylacetylene.
- Diphenolenobenzoate, bicyclohexane, cyclohexinolebenzene, terfe -They can be used.
- the terminals of these cyclic units may have a substituent such as a cyano group, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkoxy group, a halogen group, a haloalkyl group, a haloalkoxy group, a haloalkenyl group, and the like.
- a substituent such as a cyano group, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkoxy group, a halogen group, a haloalkyl group, a haloalkoxy group, a haloalkenyl group, and the like.
- mesogen group those having a halogen group can be used as the mesogen group.
- the mesogen group of the liquid crystal polymer may be bonded via a spacer that imparts flexibility.
- the spacer include a polymethylene chain and a polyoxymethylene chain.
- the number of repeating structural units that form the spacer portion is appropriately determined by the chemical structure of the mesogenic portion, but the number of repeating units in the polymethylene chain is 0-20, preferably 2-12, and the number of repeating units in the polyoxymethylene chain is It is 0-10, preferably 1-3.
- the liquid crystalline thermoplastic resin preferably has a glass transition temperature of 50 ° C or higher, more preferably 80 ° C or higher. Further, those having a weight average molecular weight of about 21 to 100,000 are preferred.
- liquid crystal monomer examples include those having a polymerizable functional group such as an atalyloyl group and a methacryloyl group at the terminal, and having a mesogen group having the above-mentioned cyclic unit isostatic force and a spacer portion.
- the durability can be improved by introducing a crosslinked structure by using a polymerizable functional group having two or more atalyloyl groups, meta-atalyloyl groups, or the like.
- the material for forming the minute regions 3 is not limited to the liquid crystalline material. Any non-liquid crystalline resin can be used as long as the material is different from the matrix material. Examples of the resin include polybutyl alcohol and its derivatives, polyolefin, polyarylate, polymethacrylate, polyacrylamide, polyethylene terephthalate, and acrylic styrene copolymer. Further, as a material for forming the minute regions 3, particles having no birefringence can be used.
- the fine particles include, for example, resins such as polyatalylate and acrylic styrene copolymer. The size of the fine particles is not particularly limited, but a particle having a particle diameter of 0.05 to 500 m, preferably 0.5 to 100 m is used.
- the material forming the fine / J and region 3 is preferably the above-mentioned liquid crystalline material, but the liquid crystalline material may be used by mixing a non-liquid crystalline material. Further, a non-liquid crystal material can be used alone as a material for forming the minute regions 3.
- the polarizer of the present invention produces a film in which a matrix is formed by a translucent water-soluble resin 1 containing an iodine-based light absorber 2, and a fine region 3 (for example, For example, an oriented birefringent material formed of a liquid crystal material is dispersed. Further, during Fi Lum, the .DELTA..eta 1 direction refractive index difference (An), ⁇ 2 direction index difference (.DELTA..eta 2) is controlled to be in the range.
- the production process of the powerful polarizer of the present invention is not particularly limited.
- a material serving as a minute region (hereinafter, a case where a liquid crystal material is used as a material serving as a minute region is described as a typical example in a light-transmitting water-soluble resin serving as a matrix. A) a process of producing a mixed solution in which) is dispersed;
- a mixed solution is prepared by dispersing a liquid crystal material to be a fine region in a translucent water-soluble resin for forming a matrix.
- the method for preparing the mixed solution is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a method using a phase separation phenomenon between the matrix component (light-transmitting water-soluble resin) and a liquid crystalline material. For example, it is difficult to mix with the matrix component as a liquid crystal material! / ⁇ Select a material and disperse a solution of the material forming the liquid crystal material in an aqueous solution of the matrix component through a dispersant such as a surfactant. And the like.
- a dispersant may not be added depending on a combination of a light-transmitting material forming a matrix and a liquid crystal material forming a minute region.
- the amount of the liquid crystalline material to be dispersed in the matrix is not particularly limited, but the liquid crystalline material is preferably used in an amount of 0.01 to 100 parts by weight, preferably 0 to 100 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the translucent water-soluble resin. 1-10 parts by weight.
- the liquid crystalline material is used with or without being dissolved in a solvent.
- the solvent examples include water, toluene, xylene, hexane, cyclohexane, dichloromethane, trichloromethane, dichloroethane, trichloroethane, tetrachloroethane, trichloroethylene, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, Cyclohexanone, cyclopentanone, tetrahydrofuran, ethyl acetate and the like.
- the solvent of the matrix component and the solvent of the liquid crystalline material may be the same or different.
- the liquid crystalline material forming the minute region is dissolved in the preparation of the mixed solution. It is preferable not to use a solvent for the reaction.
- a solvent for the reaction.
- a liquid crystalline material is directly added to an aqueous solution of a light-transmitting material that forms matrix, and the liquid crystalline material is dispersed by heating above the liquid crystal temperature range in order to disperse the liquid crystalline material smaller and more uniformly. And other methods.
- a dispersant In the solution of the matrix component, the solution of the liquid crystal material, or the mixed solution, a dispersant, a surfactant, an ultraviolet absorber, a flame retardant, an antioxidant, a plasticizer, a release agent, a lubricant, Various additives such as a coloring agent can be contained as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired.
- the mixed solution is heated and dried to remove the solvent, thereby producing a film in which fine regions are dispersed in a matrix.
- a method for forming the film various methods such as a casting method, an extrusion molding method, an injection molding method, a roll molding method, and a casting method can be adopted.
- the film forming to control so that the size force finally .DELTA..eta 2 direction of the minute regions in the fill beam becomes 0. 05- 500 m.
- the viscosity of the mixed solution By adjusting the viscosity of the mixed solution, the selection and combination of the solvents of the mixed solution, the dispersant, the thermal process (cooling rate) of the mixed solvent, and the drying rate, it is possible to control the size and dispersibility of the microscopic region.
- a mixed solution of a high-viscosity, light-transmitting water-soluble resin that forms a matrix and a liquid crystalline material that is a microscopic region is heated above the liquid crystal temperature range while stirring with a homomixer or the like. By dispersing with a machine, the minute area can be dispersed smaller.
- the step (3) of orienting the film can be performed by stretching the film.
- the stretching may be, for example, uniaxial stretching, biaxial stretching, or oblique stretching. Usually, uniaxial stretching is performed.
- the stretching method may be either dry stretching in air or wet stretching in an aqueous bath. When wet stretching is employed, additives (boron compounds such as boric acid, iodides of alkali metals, etc.) can be appropriately contained in the aqueous bath.
- the stretching ratio is not particularly limited, but is usually preferably about 2 to 10 times.
- the iodine-based light absorber can be oriented in the stretching axis direction.
- the liquid crystalline material which becomes a birefringent material in the minute region is stretched in the minute region by the above stretching. It is oriented in the stretching direction and develops birefringence.
- the minute region be deformed in accordance with the stretching.
- the stretching temperature is near the glass transition temperature of the resin, and when the microscopic region is a liquid crystalline material, the liquid crystal material is in a liquid crystal state such as a nematic phase or a smectic phase at the temperature during stretching. It is desirable to select the temperature at which the quadrature state is reached. If the orientation is insufficient at the time of stretching, a step such as a heating orientation treatment may be separately performed.
- an external field such as an electric field or a magnetic field may be used in addition to the above stretching.
- a liquid crystal material mixed with a photoreactive substance such as azobenzene, or a liquid crystal material having a photoreactive group such as a cinnamoyl group introduced therein which can be aligned by an alignment treatment such as light irradiation.
- an alignment treatment such as light irradiation.
- the stretching treatment and the orientation treatment described above can be used in combination.
- the liquid crystalline material is a liquid crystalline thermoplastic resin
- the orientation is fixed at the time of stretching and then cooled to room temperature, whereby the orientation is fixed and stabilized. If the liquid crystal monomer is oriented, the desired optical properties will be exhibited, so it is not always necessary to cure! / ⁇ .
- liquid crystalline monomer having a low isotropic transition temperature is brought into an isotropic state by a slight temperature increase. In such a case, the anisotropic scattering is lost and the polarization performance deteriorates. Therefore, in such a case, it is preferable to cure.
- many liquid crystal monomers crystallize when left at room temperature, which causes anisotropic scattering and degrades the polarization performance. . From such a viewpoint, it is preferable to cure the liquid crystalline monomer in order to allow the alignment state to exist stably under any conditions.
- the curing of the liquid crystalline monomer is carried out, for example, by mixing with a photopolymerization initiator, dispersing in a matrix component solution, and after alignment, at any timing (before or after dyeing with an iodine-based absorber). It cures by irradiating ultraviolet rays etc. to stabilize the orientation. Desirably, before dyeing with an iodine-based light absorber.
- iodine is mixed with an auxiliary agent such as an alkali metal iodide such as potassium iodide.
- an auxiliary agent such as an alkali metal iodide such as potassium iodide.
- a method of immersing the film in a dissolved aqueous bath may be used.
- the interaction between the iodine dispersed in the matrix and the matrix resin forms an iodine-based light absorber.
- the immersion may be performed before or after the stretching step (3). You An elementary light absorber is generally formed remarkably through a stretching step.
- the concentration of the aqueous bath containing iodine and the ratio of the auxiliary agent such as alkali metal iodide are not particularly limited, and a general iodine dyeing method can be adopted, and the concentration can be arbitrarily changed.
- the ratio of iodine in the obtained polarizer is not particularly limited, and the ratio of the light-transmitting water-soluble resin to iodine is determined based on 100 parts by weight of the light-transmitting water-soluble resin. It is preferable to control so as to be about 0.05 to 50 parts by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by weight.
- Step (5) includes, for example, a step of immersing the film in a water bath to swell the film, mainly for the purpose of improving the iodine dyeing efficiency of the film.
- a step of immersing in a water bath in which an arbitrary additive is dissolved and the like can be mentioned.
- the process of immersing the film in an aqueous solution containing additives such as boric acid and borax is mainly used for crosslinking the water-soluble resin (matrix).
- a step of immersing the film in an aqueous solution containing an additive such as an alkali metal iodide is mainly used for adjusting the amount balance of the dispersed iodine-based absorber and adjusting the hue.
- the step (3) of orienting (stretching) and stretching the film, the step (4) of disperse-staining an iodine-based light-absorbing material in a matrix resin and the above step (5) include steps (3) and (4).
- the number of steps, order, and conditions bath temperature ⁇ immersion time, etc.
- each step may be performed separately or a plurality of steps may be performed simultaneously.
- the crosslinking step (5) and the stretching step (3) may be performed simultaneously!
- step (1) The iodine-based light absorber used for dyeing, boric acid used for cross-linking, and the like are used in the step (1) instead of the method of immersing the film in an aqueous solution to penetrate the film as described above.
- step (2) a method of adding an arbitrary kind and amount before or after preparing the mixed solution and before forming the film in step (2) can be adopted. Also, both methods may be used in combination.
- step (3) when it is necessary to raise the temperature (for example, 80 ° C or more) during stretching or the like, and the iodine-based light absorber degrades at that temperature,
- the step (4) of disperse dyeing the body is performed after the step (3).
- the thickness of the obtained polarizer (film) is not particularly limited, but is usually 1 ⁇ m to 3 mm, preferably 5 ⁇ m to 1 mm, and more preferably 10-500 ⁇ m.
- Two vertical direction orthogonal to the stretching axis is a .DELTA..eta 2 direction, Ru.
- the stretching direction of the iodine-based light absorber is the direction showing the maximum absorption, and it is a polarizer that maximizes the effect of absorption and scattering.
- the direction in which the in-plane refractive index in the film surface is the maximum is the X axis
- the direction perpendicular to the X axis is the ⁇ axis
- the thickness direction of the film is the ⁇ axis.
- Materials for the above protective film include (A) a thermoplastic resin having a substituted and Z or unsubstituted imide group in the side chain and (B) a substituted and Z or unsubstituted phenyl group and a nitrile group in the side chain. And a norbornene-based resin containing a thermoplastic resin having the following formula: Further, polyolefin resins, polyester resins, polyamide resins, polyacryl resins, and the like that satisfy the conditions of the present invention are also included. Further, a cellulose resin film subjected to a specific treatment can be used.
- the protective film containing the thermoplastic resins (A) and (B) is stretched so that a retardation does not occur even when it is subjected to stress due to dimensional change of the polarizer.
- the in-plane retardation Re and the thickness direction retardation Rth can be controlled to be small.
- a protective film containing a low thermoplastic resin (A) or (B) is described, for example, in WO01Z37007.
- the protective film may contain other resins even when the thermoplastic resins (A) and (B) are the main components.
- the thermoplastic resin (A) has a substituted or Z or unsubstituted imide group in a side chain, and the main chain is an arbitrary thermoplastic resin.
- the main chain may be, for example, a main chain composed of only carbon, or an atom other than carbon may be inserted between carbons. Nuclear power other than carbon may also be provided.
- the main chain is preferably a hydrocarbon or a substitute thereof.
- main The chains are obtained, for example, by addition polymerization. Specifically, it is, for example, polyolefin or polybutyl.
- the main chain is obtained by condensation polymerization. For example, it can be obtained by an ester bond, an amide bond and the like.
- the main chain is preferably a polyvinyl skeleton obtained by polymerizing a substituted vinyl monomer.
- any conventionally known method can be adopted.
- a method of polymerizing the monomer having an imide group a method of polymerizing various monomers to form a main chain, and then introducing the imide group, a method of grafting the compound having the imide group to a side chain, and the like.
- the substituent of the imide group a conventionally known substituent capable of substituting the hydrogen of the imide group can be used.
- an alkyl group and the like can be mentioned.
- the thermoplastic resin (A) is a binary resin or more containing at least one repeating unit derived from Olefinka and at least one repeating unit having a substituted or Z- or unsubstituted maleimide structure. Is preferred.
- the above-mentioned olefin 'maleimide copolymer can be synthesized from an olefin and a maleimide compound by a known method. The synthesis method is described, for example, in JP-A-5-59193, JP-A-5-195801, JP-A-6-136058 and JP-A-9-328523.
- olefins examples include, for example, isobutene, 2-methyl-1-butene, 2-methyl-1 pentene, 2-methyl-1-hexene, 2-methyl-1 heptene, 2-methyl-1 heptene, 1-isootaten, and 2-methyl- 1 otaten, 2-ethyl-2-pentene, 2-ethyl-2-butene, 2-methyl-2-pentene, 2-methyl-2-hexene and the like. Of these, isobutene is preferred. These olefins may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- maleimide compound examples include maleimide, N-methylmaleimide, N-ethylmaleimide, Nn-propylmaleimide, N-i-propylmaleimide, N-n-butylmaleimide, N-i-butylmaleimide, Nt-butylmaleimide, N-n-pentylmaleimide, N-n-hexylmaleimide, N-n-heptylmaleimide, N-n-octylmaleimide, N-laurylmaleimide, N-stearylmaleimide, N-cyclopropylmaleimide, N-cyclo Butylmaleimide, N-cyclopentylmaleimide, N-cyclohexylmaleimide, N-cycloheptylmale And N-cyclooctylmaleimide. Of these, N-methylmaleimide is preferred. These maleimidized conjugates may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the content of the repeating unit of olefin is not particularly limited, but is about 20 to 70 mol%, preferably about 40 to 70 mol% of the total repeating units of the thermoplastic resin (A). 60 mole 0/0, more preferably from 45- 55 mole 0/0. Content that a repetitive unit of a maleimide structure 30- 80 mol% or so, preferably from 40- 60 mole 0/0, rather more preferably is 45- 55 mol 0/0.
- the thermoplastic resin (A) contains a repeating unit of the above-mentioned olefin and a repeating unit of a maleimide structure, and can be formed only by these units. Further in addition to the other bi -! Repeating units of Le monomer contains a proportion of 50 mole 0/0 or less /, even I /,.
- Other vinyl monomers include acrylic monomers such as methyl acrylate and butyl acrylate, methacrylic monomers such as methyl methacrylate and cyclohexyl methacrylate, and vinyl esters such as vinyl acetate.
- vinyl ether monomers such as methyl vinyl ether
- acid anhydrides such as maleic anhydride
- styrene monomers such as styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, and ⁇ -methoxystyrene.
- the weight average molecular weight of the thermoplastic resin ( ⁇ ) is not particularly limited, but is about 1 X 10 3 to 5 X 10 6 .
- the weight average molecular weight is preferably 1 ⁇ 10 4 or more, more preferably 5 ⁇ 10 5 or less.
- the glass transition temperature of the thermoplastic resin ( ⁇ ) is 80 ° C or higher, preferably 100 ° C or higher, and more preferably 130 ° C or higher.
- thermoplastic resin (A) a dartalimide-based thermoplastic resin can be used. Daltarimide resins are described in JP-A-2-153904 and the like.
- the glutarimide-based resin has a daltarimide structural unit and a methyl acrylate or methyl methacrylate structural unit.
- the above-mentioned other vinyl monomers can be introduced into the dartalimide resin.
- the thermoplastic resin (B) is a thermoplastic resin having a substituted or Z- or unsubstituted phenyl group and a -tolyl group in a side chain.
- the main chain of the thermoplastic resin (B) may be the same as that of the thermoplastic resin (A).
- Examples of the method of introducing the fluor group into the thermoplastic resin (B) include a method of polymerizing the monomer having the phenol group and a method of polymerizing various monomers to form a main chain. And a method of introducing a phenyl group, and a method of grafting a compound having a phenyl group to a side chain.
- substituent of the phenyl group a conventionally known substituent capable of substituting hydrogen of the phenyl group can be used.
- an alkyl group and the like can be mentioned.
- the method for introducing a -tolyl group into the thermoplastic resin (B) can be the same as the method for introducing a phenyl group.
- the thermoplastic resin (B) is a binary or triple containing a repeating unit derived from unsaturated-tolyl compound power (nitrile unit) and a repeating unit derived from styrene-based compound power (styrene-based unit). It is preferably a multi-component copolymer or higher. For example, an acrylonitrile-styrene-based copolymer can be preferably used.
- Examples of the unsaturated-trilui conjugate include any compound having a cyano group and a reactive double bond.
- ⁇ -substituted unsaturated-tolyl such as acrylonitrile and metal-tolyl-tolyl, and fumaro-tolyl-containing ⁇ - , ⁇ -disubstituted olefinic unsaturated-bonded toryl conjugate and the like.
- Examples of the styrene-based compound include any compound having a phenyl group and a reactive double bond. Examples include unsubstituted or substituted styrene compounds such as styrene, vinyltoluene, methoxystyrene, and chlorostyrene, and substituted styrene compounds such as hexamethylstyrene.
- the content of the -tolyl unit in the thermoplastic resin (II) is not particularly limited, but is about 10 to 70% by weight, preferably 20 to 60% by weight, and preferably 2 0- 50 weight 0/0. Particularly 20- 40 weight 0/0, preferably 20- 30 weight 0/0. Styrene units, 30- 80 wt% or so, preferably from 40- 80 wt%, more preferably 50 to 80 weight 0/0. In particular 60- 80 weight 0/0, preferably 70 to 80 weight 0/0.
- the thermoplastic resin ( ⁇ ) contains the -tolyl unit and a styrene-based unit, and can be formed only by these units. Further, other than the above, a repeating unit of another vinyl monomer may be contained at a ratio of 50 mol% or less.
- Other butyl monomers include those exemplified for thermoplastic resin ( ⁇ ), repeating units of olefin, maleimide, and repeating substituted maleimide. Return units and the like are given.
- As the thermoplastic resin (B), AS resin, ABS resin, ASA resin and the like can be mentioned.
- the weight average molecular weight of the thermoplastic resin (B) is not particularly limited, but is about 1 X 10 3 — 5 X 10 6 . Preferably it is 1 ⁇ 10 4 or more and 5 ⁇ 10 5 or less.
- the ratio between the thermoplastic resin (A) and the thermoplastic resin (B) is adjusted according to the retardation required for the protective film.
- the mixing ratio is generally from 60 to 95% by weight, preferably from 50 to 95% by weight of the total amount of the resin in the thermoplastic resin (A). More preferably, it is 65-90% by weight.
- the content of the thermoplastic resin (B) is preferably 5 to 50% by weight of the total amount of the resin in the film, more preferably 5 to 40% by weight, and still more preferably 10 to 40% by weight. 35% by weight.
- the thermoplastic resin (A) and the thermoplastic resin (B) are mixed by hot-melt kneading.
- the norbornene-based resin for example, a ring-opening (co) polymer of a norbornene-based monomer is hydrogenated after being modified with maleic acid as necessary and optionally with a cyclopentadiene-added ketone.
- Resin, norbornene-based monomer and addition polymerized resin, norbornene-based monomer and olefinic monomer such as ethylene and a-olefine, and monomer-polymerized resin, norbornene-based monomer and cyclopentene, cyclootaten, and 5,6-dihydrodiene Examples include a resin obtained by addition polymerization with a cyclic olefin monomer such as cyclopentadiene.
- Specific examples of the thermoplastic saturated norbornene-based resin include ZONEX and ZEONOR manufactured by ZEON Corporation, and ARTON manufactured by JSR Corporation.
- polyolefin-based resin examples include a homopolymer or copolymer of ⁇ -olefin having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, such as polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene-propylene copolymer, and poly4-methylpentene 1.
- polyester resin examples include polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, and polyethylene terephthalate isophthalate copolymer. Also, various polyamide resins can be mentioned.
- a cellulose resin film subjected to a specific treatment can be used.
- the material of the cell-based monolithic resin film include fatty acid-substituted cellulose polymers such as diacetyl cellulose and triacetyl cellulose.
- Cellulosic fat The processing means for the LUM can be performed by the following means.
- a substrate such as polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene, or stainless steel coated with a solvent such as cyclopentanone or methyl ethyl ketone is bonded to a general cellulose resin film, and dried by heating (about 80 to 150 ° C, (About 3-10 minutes) and then peeling the base film; a solution of norbornene resin, acrylic resin, etc. dissolved in a solvent such as cyclopentanone, methyl ethyl ketone, etc. There is a method in which the composition is applied to a cellulose resin film, dried by heating (about 80 to 150 ° C, for about 3 to 10 minutes), and then the applied film is peeled off.
- a solvent such as cyclopentanone or methyl ethyl ketone
- a fatty acid-substituted cellulose-based polymer having a controlled degree of fatty acid substitution can be used.
- triacetyl cellulose having an acetic acid substitution degree of about 2.8 is used.
- the acetic acid substitution degree is 1.8-2.7
- the propionic acid substitution degree is 0.8.
- the thickness direction retardation (Rth) can be controlled to be small.
- a plasticizer such as dibutyl phthalate, p-toluenesulfonide or acetylethyltriene
- the amount of the plasticizer added is preferably about 40 parts by weight or less, more preferably 120 parts by weight, and even more preferably 115 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the fatty acid-substituted cellulose polymer.
- the thickness of the protective film is arbitrary, but is generally 1 to 500 ⁇ m, more preferably 1 to 300 ⁇ m, and particularly 5 to 300 ⁇ m for the purpose of thinning the polarizing plate. .
- a protective film is provided on both sides J of the polarizer, it is possible to use a protective film having different polymer strengths on both sides.
- the moisture permeability of the protective film is not particularly limited, moisture permeability is preferably not more than 500g / m 2 / 24h. Further, it is preferably 120 gZm 2 Z24h or less. Protective films with a moisture permeability of 500gZm 2 Z24h or less have good moisture resistance with respect to hue, which is more durable at high temperatures and high humidity. As a material used for the protective film, a norbornene-based resin having a low moisture permeability is suitable.
- the protective film can be provided with various resin layers, and can be bonded to the polarizer with an adhesive via the resin layer.
- the resin layer is not particularly limited as long as it adheres well to the protective film.
- Various resins such as steal, ether, carbonate, urethane, and silicone can be used.
- the resin layer may be water-based or solvent-based. Of these, aqueous urethane resins and silicone resins are preferred.
- a titanium-based or tin-based catalyst for efficiently reacting sila can be added to the resin forming the resin layer. Thereby, the adhesive strength between the polarizer and the protective film can be further enhanced.
- other additives may be added to the resin layer. More specifically, tackifiers such as terpene resin, phenol resin, terpene phenol resin, rosin resin, and xylene resin, and stabilizers such as ultraviolet absorbers, antioxidants, and heat stabilizers. May be used.
- the resin layer is formed by coating and drying a solution diluted to an appropriate concentration in consideration of the thickness after drying, the smoothness of coating, and the like by a known technique.
- the thickness of the resin layer after drying is preferably 0.01-1 / 10 / ⁇ , more preferably 0.1-. Even when a plurality of resin layers are provided, it is preferable that the total thickness of the resin layers be within the above range.
- the surface of the protective film that adheres to the polarizer may be provided with a resin layer and may be subjected to an easy adhesion treatment.
- the easy adhesion treatment include a dry treatment such as a plasma treatment and a corona treatment, a chemical treatment such as an alkali treatment, and a coating treatment for forming an easy adhesive layer.
- the surface of the protective film on which the polarizer is not adhered may be subjected to a hard coat layer, an anti-reflection treatment, a treatment for preventing sticking, and a treatment for diffusion or anti-glare.
- the hard coat treatment is performed for the purpose of preventing the surface of the polarizing plate from being scratched, and is, for example, a curing excellent in hardness, sliding property, and the like by an appropriate UV-curable resin such as an acrylic or silicone resin.
- the film can be formed by a method of adding a film to the surface of the protective film.
- the anti-reflection treatment is performed for the purpose of preventing reflection of external light on the polarizing plate surface, and can be achieved by forming an anti-reflection film or the like according to the related art.
- the anti-sticking treatment is performed for the purpose of preventing adhesion to an adjacent layer.
- the surface of the protective film is finely formed by an appropriate method such as a sandblasting method, a roughening method using a boss processing method, or a compounding method of transparent fine particles. It can be formed by providing an uneven structure. Examples of the fine particles to be included in the formation of the surface fine unevenness include silica, alumina, titanium, zirconia, tin oxide, indium oxide, cadmium oxide, and acid oxide having an average particle diameter of 0.5 to 50 m.
- Transparent fine particles such as inorganic fine particles which may have conductive properties such as antimony, and organic fine particles which also have strong properties such as crosslinked or uncrosslinked polymers are used.
- the amount of the fine particles used is generally about 2 to 50 parts by weight, preferably 5 to 25 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the transparent resin forming the fine surface unevenness structure.
- the anti-glare layer may also serve as a diffusion layer (such as a viewing angle expansion function) for diffusing light transmitted through the polarizing plate to increase the viewing angle.
- the anti-reflection layer, anti-staking layer, diffusion layer, anti-glare layer, and the like can be provided on the protective film itself, or separately as an optical layer separately from the transparent protective layer. You can also.
- An adhesive is used for the bonding treatment between the polarizer and the protective film.
- the adhesive include an isocyanate-based adhesive, a polybutyl alcohol-based adhesive, a gelatin-based adhesive, a vinyl latex-based adhesive, and a water-based polyester.
- the adhesive is usually used as an adhesive which also has an aqueous solution strength, and usually contains a solid content of 0.5 to 60% by weight.
- the polarizing plate of the present invention is manufactured by bonding the protective film and the polarizer using the adhesive.
- the application of the adhesive may be performed on either the protective film or the polarizer, or may be performed on both.
- a drying step is performed to form an adhesive layer that can be applied and dried.
- the bonding of the polarizer and the protective film can be performed using a roll laminator or the like.
- the thickness of the adhesive layer is not particularly limited, but is usually about 0.1—.
- the polarizing plate of the present invention can be used as an optical film laminated with another optical layer in practical use.
- the optical layer is not particularly limited, but may be used for forming a liquid crystal display device such as a reflection plate, a semi-transmission plate, a retardation plate (including a wavelength plate such as 1Z2 and 1Z4), and a viewing angle compensation film.
- One or more optical layers can be used.
- a reflective polarizing plate or a transflective polarizing plate in which a reflecting plate or a transflective reflecting plate is further laminated on the polarizing plate of the present invention an elliptically polarizing plate or a circularly polarizing plate in which a retardation plate is further laminated on a polarizing plate.
- a wide viewing angle polarizing plate in which a viewing angle compensation film is further laminated on a plate or a polarizing plate, or a polarizing plate in which a brightness enhancement film is further laminated on a polarizing plate is preferable.
- the reflective polarizing plate is a polarizing plate provided with a reflective layer, and is used to form a liquid crystal display device or the like that reflects and reflects incident light from the viewing side (display side).
- a built-in light source such as a backlight can be omitted, and the liquid crystal display device can be easily made thin.
- the reflective polarizing plate can be formed by an appropriate method such as a method in which a reflective layer having a strength such as a metal is provided on one surface of the polarizing plate via a transparent protective layer or the like as necessary.
- the reflective polarizing plate include those in which a reflective layer is formed by attaching a foil made of a reflective metal such as aluminum or the like to one side of a protective film that has been mat-treated as necessary.
- a reflective layer is formed by attaching a foil made of a reflective metal such as aluminum or the like to one side of a protective film that has been mat-treated as necessary.
- a protective film that has been mat-treated as necessary.
- the reflection layer having the fine uneven structure described above has an advantage that the incident light is diffused by irregular reflection to prevent a directional glare and to suppress uneven brightness.
- the protective film containing fine particles has an advantage that the incident light and the reflected light are diffused when passing through the protective film, so that the unevenness in brightness and darkness can be further suppressed.
- the reflection layer having a fine uneven structure reflecting the fine uneven structure on the surface of the protective film is formed by depositing a metal by an appropriate method such as a vapor deposition method such as a vacuum evaporation method, an ion plating method, or a sputtering method or a plating method. It can be carried out by, for example, directly attaching to the surface of the transparent protective layer.
- a vapor deposition method such as a vacuum evaporation method, an ion plating method, or a sputtering method or a plating method. It can be carried out by, for example, directly attaching to the surface of the transparent protective layer.
- the reflecting plate can be used as a reflecting sheet in which a reflecting layer is provided on an appropriate film conforming to the transparent film, instead of the method of directly applying the reflecting film to the protective film of the polarizing plate.
- the reflective layer is usually made of a metal, its use in a state where the reflective surface is covered with a protective film, a polarizing plate, or the like is intended to prevent a decrease in reflectance due to oxidation, and to maintain the initial reflectance over a long period of time. It is more preferable to avoid separately providing a protective layer.
- the transflective polarizing plate can be obtained by forming a transflective reflective layer such as a half mirror that reflects and transmits light on the reflective layer.
- Transflective polarizing plate Usually, it is provided on the back side of the liquid crystal cell, and when the liquid crystal display device or the like is used in a relatively bright atmosphere, the image is displayed by reflecting the incident light from the viewing side (display side), and relatively Depending on the atmosphere, a liquid crystal display device or the like that is built in the back side of a transflective polarizing plate and displays an image using a built-in light source such as a backlight can be formed.
- a transflective polarizing plate can save energy for using a light source such as a knock light in a bright atmosphere, and can be used with a built-in light source even in a relatively small atmosphere. It is useful for forming.
- An elliptically polarizing plate or a circularly polarizing plate in which a retardation plate is further laminated on a polarizing plate will be described.
- a phase difference plate or the like is used.
- a so-called 1Z4 wavelength plate also referred to as a ⁇ plate
- a 1Z2 wavelength plate (also referred to as ⁇ 2 plate) is usually used to change the polarization direction of linearly polarized light.
- the elliptically polarizing plate compensates (prevents) coloring (blue or yellow) caused by birefringence of the liquid crystal layer of the super twisted nematic (STN) type liquid crystal display device, and performs the above-mentioned coloring! It is used effectively in such cases. Further, a device in which a three-dimensional refractive index is controlled is preferable because coloring (coloring) generated when the screen of the liquid crystal display device is viewed from an oblique direction can be compensated (prevented).
- the circularly polarizing plate is effectively used, for example, when adjusting the color tone of an image of a reflection type liquid crystal display device that displays an image in color, and also has an antireflection function.
- a film having an appropriate polymer strength such as polycarbonate, polyvinyl alcohol, polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, polypropylene and other polyolefins, polyarylates and polyamides is stretched.
- the retardation plate may have an appropriate retardation in accordance with the intended use, such as, for example, various wavelength plates or ones for the purpose of compensating for coloration and viewing angle due to birefringence of the liquid crystal layer.
- the optical characteristics such as retardation may be controlled by stacking the above retardation plates.
- the elliptically polarizing plate and the reflection type elliptically polarizing plate are different from the polarizing plate or the reflection type polarizing plate in phase.
- the difference plates are laminated in an appropriate combination.
- a large elliptically polarizing plate or the like can also be formed by sequentially and separately laminating a (reflection type) polarizing plate and a retardation plate in the manufacturing process of a liquid crystal display device so as to form a combination.
- An optical film such as an elliptically polarizing plate as described above has an advantage that the stability of quality and laminating workability are excellent and the production efficiency of a liquid crystal display device or the like can be improved.
- the viewing angle compensation film is a film for widening the viewing angle so that an image can be viewed relatively clearly even when the screen of the liquid crystal display device is viewed in a direction not perpendicular to the screen but slightly oblique.
- a viewing angle compensating retardation plate includes, for example, a retardation film, an alignment film such as a liquid crystal polymer, and a transparent substrate on which an alignment layer such as a liquid crystal polymer is supported.
- a common retardation plate is a birefringent polymer film uniaxially stretched in the plane direction, whereas a retardation plate used as a viewing angle compensation film is biaxially stretched in the plane direction.
- Birefringent polymer film biaxially stretched uniaxially stretched polymer film or bidirectionally stretched film such as a birefringent polymer with a controlled refractive index in the thickness direction and a tilted oriented film
- the obliquely oriented film include a film obtained by bonding a heat shrinkable film to a polymer film and subjecting the polymer film to a stretching treatment or a Z-shrinkage treatment under the action of its shrinkage by heating, or a film obtained by obliquely orienting a liquid crystal polymer. And the like.
- the raw material polymer for the retardation plate the same polymer as that described for the retardation plate is used, which prevents coloring etc. due to changes in the viewing angle based on the retardation of the liquid crystal cell and enlarges the viewing angle for good visibility. Appropriate ones for the purpose can be used.
- the triacetyl cellulose film supports the liquid crystal polymer alignment layer, particularly the optically anisotropic layer composed of the discotic liquid crystal polymer tilted alignment layer, because it achieves a wide viewing angle with good visibility.
- An optically-compensated phase difference plate can be preferably used.
- a polarizing plate obtained by laminating a polarizing plate and a brightness enhancement film is usually used by being provided on the back side of a liquid crystal cell.
- Brightness-enhancing films exhibit the property of reflecting linearly polarized light with a predetermined polarization axis or circularly polarized light in a predetermined direction when natural light enters due to reflection from the backlight or the back side of a liquid crystal display device, etc., and transmitting other light.
- the polarizing plate, in which the brightness enhancement film is laminated with the polarizing plate is irradiated with light from a light source, such as a backlight, and has a predetermined polarization state.
- the transmitted light is obtained, and light other than the predetermined polarization state is reflected without being transmitted.
- the light reflected on the surface of the brightness enhancement film is further inverted through a reflection layer or the like provided on the rear side thereof and re-entered on the brightness enhancement film, and a part or all of the light is transmitted as light of a predetermined polarization state.
- the brightness can be improved. is there.
- the brightness enhancement film reflects light having a polarization direction that is absorbed by the polarizer on the brightness enhancement film without being incident on the polarizer, and further through a reflection layer or the like provided on the rear side thereof. Repeated inversion and re-injection into the brightness enhancement film, and only the polarized light whose polarization direction is reflected and inverted between the two so that it can pass through the polarizer is used as the brightness enhancement film. Since the light is transmitted to the polarizer and supplied to the polarizer, light from a backlight or the like can be efficiently used for displaying an image on the liquid crystal display device, and the screen can be brightened.
- a diffusion plate may be provided between the brightness enhancement film and the above-mentioned reflection layer or the like.
- the light in the polarization state reflected by the brightness enhancement film goes to the reflection layer and the like, but the diffuser provided uniformly diffuses the passing light and at the same time eliminates the polarization state and becomes a non-polarized state. That is, the diffuser returns the polarized light to the original natural light state.
- the light in the non-polarized state that is, the light in the natural light state is repeatedly directed to the reflection layer and the like, reflected through the reflection layer and the like, again passed through the diffusion plate and re-incident on the brightness enhancement film.
- the brightness of the display screen is maintained while the brightness unevenness of the display screen is reduced. It can provide a uniform and bright screen. It is probable that by providing a powerful diffuser, the number of repetitions of the first incident light was increased moderately, and it was possible to provide a uniform bright display screen in combination with the diffuser function of the diffuser. .
- Examples of the above-mentioned brightness improving film include, for example, a multilayer thin film of a dielectric or a multilayer laminate of thin films having different refractive index anisotropies, and other light that transmits linearly polarized light having a predetermined polarization axis.
- the brightness enhancement film of the type that transmits the linearly polarized light having the predetermined polarization axis absorption loss due to the polarization plate is suppressed by directly transmitting the transmitted light to the polarization plate with the polarization axis aligned. While allowing the light to pass through efficiently.
- a brightness enhancement film that emits circularly polarized light such as a cholesteric liquid crystal layer, can be directly incident on a polarizer.However, in order to suppress absorption loss, the circularly polarized light is linearly polarized through a phase difference plate. It is preferable that the light is converted into a polarizing plate. By using a 1Z4 wavelength plate as the retardation plate, circularly polarized light can be converted to linearly polarized light.
- a retardation plate that functions as a 1Z4 wavelength plate in a wide wavelength range such as the visible light region has, for example, a retardation layer that functions as a 1Z4 wavelength plate for light-colored light having a wavelength of 550 nm and other retardation characteristics. It can be obtained by, for example, a method of superimposing a retardation layer shown, for example, a retardation layer functioning as a 1Z2 wavelength plate. Therefore, the retardation plate disposed between the polarizing plate and the brightness enhancement film may have one or more retardation layer strengths.
- the cholesteric liquid crystal layer also reflects circularly polarized light in a wide wavelength range such as a visible light region by combining two or more layers having different reflection wavelengths and having an arrangement structure in which two or more layers are overlapped. And a circularly polarized light having a wide wavelength range can be obtained.
- the polarizing plate may be formed by laminating a polarizing plate such as the above-mentioned polarized light separating type polarizing plate and two or three or more optical layers. Therefore, a reflective elliptically polarizing plate or a transflective elliptically polarizing plate obtained by combining the above-mentioned reflective polarizing plate, transflective polarizing plate and retardation plate may be used.
- the optical film in which the optical layer is laminated on a polarizing plate can be formed even by a method in which the optical film is laminated separately in the manufacturing process of a liquid crystal display device or the like. Excellent in quality stability and assembly work! / Manufacturing of liquid crystal display devices There is an advantage that the process can be improved.
- Appropriate bonding means such as an adhesive layer can be used for lamination. In bonding the above-mentioned polarizing plate and other optical films, their optical axes can be set at an appropriate angle depending on the intended retardation characteristics and the like.
- the above-mentioned polarizing plate and the optical film in which at least one polarizing plate is laminated may be provided with an adhesive layer for bonding to another member such as a liquid crystal cell.
- the adhesive for forming the adhesive layer is not particularly limited, and for example, an acrylic polymer, a silicone polymer, a polyester, a polyurethane, a polyamide, a polyether, and a polymer having a fluorine-based or rubber-based polymer as a base polymer may be appropriately used. Can be selected for use.
- an acrylic adhesive having excellent optical transparency, exhibiting appropriate wettability, cohesiveness and adhesive adhesive properties and having excellent weather resistance and heat resistance can be preferably used.
- a liquid crystal display device that prevents foaming and peeling phenomena due to moisture absorption, prevents optical characteristics from deteriorating due to a difference in thermal expansion, prevents liquid crystal cells from warping, and is thus high in quality and excellent in durability.
- an adhesive layer having a low moisture absorption rate and excellent heat resistance is preferred.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is made of, for example, natural or synthetic resins, particularly, tackifying resins, fillers or pigments made of glass fibers, glass beads, metal powders, other inorganic powders, and the like. Additives, such as antioxidants and antioxidants, which are added to the adhesive layer. Further, an adhesive layer or the like which contains fine particles and exhibits light diffusibility may be used.
- an adhesive layer to one or both sides of a polarizing plate or an optical film
- an adhesive solution of about 10 to 40% by weight obtained by dissolving or dispersing a base polymer or a composition thereof in a solvent consisting of an appropriate solvent alone or a mixture such as toluene or ethyl acetate is used.
- a method of transferring onto an optical film for example, an adhesive solution of about 10 to 40% by weight obtained by dissolving or dispersing a base polymer or a composition thereof in a solvent consisting of an appropriate solvent alone or a mixture such as toluene or ethyl acetate is used.
- the adhesive layer may be provided on one or both sides of a polarizing plate or an optical film as a superposed layer of different compositions or types. When provided on both surfaces, an adhesive layer having a different composition, type, thickness, etc. can be formed on both sides of the polarizing plate or the optical film.
- the thickness of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer can be appropriately determined according to the purpose of use, adhesive strength, and the like. Yes, 5-200 / zm power is preferred, especially 10-100 / zm power is preferred! /, 0
- the exposed surface of the adhesive layer is covered with a temporary router for the purpose of preventing contamination and the like until practical use. This can prevent the adhesive layer from coming into contact with the adhesive layer in a normal handling state.
- a suitable thin leaf such as plastic film, rubber sheet, paper, cloth, non-woven fabric, net, foam sheet, metal foil, or a laminate thereof may be used as the separator.
- Any suitable material according to the related art such as a material coated with a suitable release agent such as a long mirror alkyl-based or fluorine-based molybdenum sulfide, or the like can be used.
- each layer such as a polarizer, a protective film, an optical film, or the like, which forms the above-mentioned polarizing plate, and a layer such as an adhesive layer
- a layer such as an adhesive layer
- a salicylate compound such as a benzophenol compound, or a benzotriazole.
- a compound having a UV absorbing ability by a method of treating with a UV absorber such as a cyanoacrylate compound or a nickel complex compound may be used.
- the polarizing plate or optical film of the present invention can be preferably used for forming various devices such as a liquid crystal display device.
- the formation of the liquid crystal display device can be performed according to a conventional method.
- a liquid crystal display device is generally formed by appropriately assembling components such as a liquid crystal cell and a polarizing plate or an optical film and, if necessary, an illumination system and incorporating a drive circuit.
- the present invention can be in accordance with the conventional art without particular limitation.
- the liquid crystal cell any type such as TN type, STN type, and ⁇ type can be used.
- An appropriate liquid crystal display device such as a liquid crystal display device in which a polarizing plate or an optical film is arranged on one side or both sides of a liquid crystal cell, or a device having a backlight or a reflector in an illumination system can be formed.
- the polarizing plate or the optical film according to the present invention can be installed on one side or both sides of the liquid crystal cell.
- a polarizing plate or an optical film is provided on both sides, they may be the same or different.
- an organic electroluminescence device (organic EL display device) will be described.
- a transparent electrode, an organic light emitting layer, and a metal electrode are sequentially stacked on a transparent substrate to form a light emitting body (organic electroluminescent light emitting body).
- the organic light emitting layer is a laminate of various organic thin films, for example, a laminate of a hole injection layer made of a triphenylamine derivative or the like and a light emitting layer of a fluorescent organic solid force such as anthracene, or A structure having various combinations such as a laminate of such a light-emitting layer and an electron injection layer having a perylene derivative or a hole injection layer, a light-emitting layer, and an electron injection layer. Is known.
- holes and electrons are injected into an organic light emitting layer by applying a voltage to a transparent electrode and a metal electrode, and energy generated by recombination of these holes and electrons is generated. Emits light on the principle that it excites a fluorescent substance and emits light when the excited fluorescent substance returns to the ground state.
- the mechanism of recombination in the middle is the same as that of a general diode, and as can be expected from this, the current and the emission intensity show a strong ⁇ non-linearity with rectification to the applied voltage.
- At least one electrode must be transparent in order to extract light emitted from the organic light emitting layer, and is usually formed of a transparent conductor such as indium tin oxide (ITO).
- ITO indium tin oxide
- a transparent electrode is used as the anode.
- metal electrodes such as Mg Ag and A1-Li are usually used.
- the organic light emitting layer is formed of a very thin film when the thickness is about lOnm. Therefore, the organic light emitting layer transmits light almost completely, similarly to the transparent electrode. As a result, when the light is not emitted, the light enters the surface of the transparent substrate, passes through the transparent electrode and the organic light-emitting layer, and is reflected by the metal electrode. When viewed, the display surface of the OLED display looks like a mirror.
- an organic EL display device including an organic electroluminescent luminous body having a transparent electrode on the front side of an organic luminescent layer that emits light by voltage application and a metal electrode on the back side of the organic luminescent layer
- a polarizing plate can be provided on the surface side of the electrode, and a retardation plate can be provided between the transparent electrode and the polarizing plate.
- the retardation plate and the polarizing plate have a function of polarizing light that has entered from the outside and reflected on the metal electrode, the polarizing effect has an effect of preventing the mirror surface of the metal electrode from being visually recognized from the outside. is there.
- the retardation plate is composed of a 1Z4 wavelength plate and the angle between the polarization directions of the polarizing plate and the retardation plate is adjusted to ⁇ Z4, the mirror surface of the metal electrode can be completely shielded.
- linearly polarized light components of the external light incident on the organic EL display device are transmitted by the polarizing plate.
- This linearly polarized light is generally converted into elliptically polarized light by a retardation plate.
- the phase difference plate is a 1Z4 wavelength plate and the angle between the polarization directions of the polarizing plate and the retardation plate is ⁇ ⁇ 4, it becomes circularly polarized light. .
- the circularly polarized light passes through the transparent substrate, the transparent electrode, and the organic thin film, is reflected by the metal electrode, passes through the organic thin film, the transparent electrode, and the transparent substrate again, and is again converted into linearly polarized light by the retardation plate. Become. Since this linearly polarized light is orthogonal to the polarization direction of the polarizing plate, it cannot pass through the polarizing plate. As a result, the mirror surface of the metal electrode can be completely shielded.
- Parts means parts by weight.
- the refractive indices nx, ny, and nz of the protective film were measured with an automatic birefringence measurement device (Oji Scientific Instruments Co., Ltd., automatic birefringence meter KOBRA21ADH), and the in-plane retardation Re and thickness direction retardation Rth were measured. Calculated.
- Polymerization degree 2400 a liquid crystal having a poly Bulle alcohol solution of Keni ⁇ 98.5% of poly Bulle solids 13 weight dissolved alcohol ⁇ 0/0, one by one Atariroi Le groups at both ends of the mesogen group
- the mixture was heated above the range and stirred with a homomixer to obtain a mixed solution. Air bubbles present in the mixed solution were removed by leaving them at room temperature (23 ° C), then applied by a cast method, dried, and then mixed with a cloudy thickness of 70 m. Film Obtained. This mixed film was heat-treated at 130 ° C for 10 minutes.
- n was measured by an Abbe refractometer (measuring light: 589 nm) with a liquid crystal monomer oriented and coated on a high refractive index glass subjected to a vertical alignment treatment.
- a liquid crystalline monomer was injected into a liquid crystal cell that had undergone horizontal alignment treatment, and the phase difference ( ⁇ nXd) was measured using an automatic birefringence measurement device (Oji Scientific Instruments Co., Ltd., automatic birefringence meter KOBRA21ADH).
- the cell gap (d) was measured by the optical interference method, ⁇ was calculated from the phase difference Z cell gap, and the sum of ⁇ and n was ne. eta (oe in .DELTA..eta 1 direction refractive index
- the protective film After drying at 100 ° C for 10 minutes, the protective film was dried at 140 ° C for 10 minutes and further at 160 ° C for 30 minutes to obtain a protective film having a thickness of 100 / zm.
- the in-plane retardation Re of the protective film is 4 nm, and the thickness direction retardation Rth is 4 nm.
- the protective film was laminated on both surfaces of the polarizer using a polyurethane-based adhesive to produce a polarizing plate.
- Example 1 Example 1 was repeated except that an 80 ⁇ m-thick norbornene film (manufactured by JSR Corporation, ARTON: in-plane retardation Re of 4 nm and thickness direction retardation Rth of 20 nm) was used as the protective film in Example 1. In the same manner as described above, a polarizing plate was obtained.
- an 80 ⁇ m-thick norbornene film manufactured by JSR Corporation, ARTON: in-plane retardation Re of 4 nm and thickness direction retardation Rth of 20 nm
- Example 1 a norbornene-based film (manufactured by Zeon Corporation of Japan, Zeonor: in-plane retardation Re: 0.3 nm, thickness-direction retardation Rth: 7.8 nm) was used as a protective film in a thickness of 40 ⁇ m.
- a polarizing plate was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the above.
- Example 1 was repeated except that the protective film (the in-plane retardation Re was 0.8 nm, the thickness direction retardation Rth was 1.3 nm) on which the resin layer was formed was used.
- the resin layer was on the polarizer side.
- cyclopentanone 5 ml of cyclopentanone was coated on a polyethylene terephthalate film (thickness 75 ⁇ m, length 10 cm ⁇ width 20 cm) by a bar coating method.
- a triacetyl cellulose film (Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd., UZ-TAC; thickness 40 m, length 10 cm ⁇ width 20 cm) was laminated on the surface coated with cyclopentanone. After drying the laminate at 100 ° C. for 5 minutes, the laminate was peeled off from the polyethylene terephthalate film to obtain a protective film consisting of the cellulose resin film alone.
- a polarizing plate was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the protective film (in-plane retardation Re was 0.5 nm, thickness-direction retardation Rth was 5.1 nm) was used in Example 1. .
- Example 1 was repeated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that an 80 ⁇ m-thick triacetyl cellulose film (in-plane retardation Re was 2 nm and thickness direction retardation Rth was 40 nm) was used as the protective film. A polarizing plate was obtained.
- Example 1 was the same as Example 1 except that a biaxially stretched polycarbonate film having a thickness of 80 ⁇ m (in-plane retardation Re was 10 nm and thickness direction retardation Rth was 120 nm) was used as the protective film in Example 1. Similarly, a polarizing plate was obtained.
- a polarizer was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the liquid crystal monomer was not used. Using the polarizer, a polarizing plate was produced in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1.
- a polarizer was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the liquid crystal monomer was not used. Using the polarizer, a polarizing plate was produced in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Figure 2 shows the orthogonal transmittance
- the polarizer of Comparative Example 3 is significantly smaller. In other words, it shows that the polarization performance of the polarizer of Example 1 was higher than that of Comparative Example 3 on the short wavelength side.
- Example 1 and Comparative Example 3 since the conditions such as stretching and dyeing are all the same, it is considered that the degree of orientation of the iodine-based light absorber is also equal. Therefore, the orthogonal transmittance (k) of the polarizer of Example 1 is as described above.
- a haze value with respect to linearly polarized light in the direction of maximum transmittance and a haze value with respect to linearly polarized light in the direction of absorption were measured.
- the haze value was measured using a haze meter (HM-150 manufactured by Murakami Color Research Laboratory) according to JIS K 7136 (how to determine the haze of a plastic-transparent material) using a commercially available polarizing plate (manufactured by Nitto Denko Corporation).
- NPF-SEG122 4DU single transmittance 43%, degree of polarization 99.96%) is placed on the sample light incident surface side of the sample, and the stretching direction of the commercially available polarizing plate and the sample (polarizing plate) are perpendicular to each other. Shows the haze value measured. However, since the light intensity at the time of orthogonality is less than the sensitivity limit of the detector with the light source of a commercially available haze meter, light from a separately provided high-intensity halogen lamp is After the light was input using a light bar and the sensitivity was within the detection sensitivity, the shutter was manually opened and closed, and the haze value was calculated.
- the unevenness was evaluated by placing a sample (polarizing plate) on the upper surface of a backlight used for a liquid crystal display in a dark room, and using a commercially available polarizing plate (NPF-SEG122 4DU manufactured by Nitto Denko) as an analyzer.
- the layers were laminated so that the polarization axes were orthogonal to each other, and the level was visually observed according to the following criteria.
- the unevenness was evaluated for stretching unevenness of the polarizer and interference unevenness due to a phase difference.
- X Level at which unevenness can be visually confirmed.
- the polarizing plates of Examples and Comparative Examples have substantially the same single transmittance, degree of polarization, etc. The polarization characteristics are good.
- the polarizing plates of Example 2 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 have a polarizing structure in which minute regions are dispersed in a matrix formed of a translucent water-soluble resin containing an iodine absorber. Therefore, the haze value of the transmissivity at the time of orthogonality is higher than that of the polarizer of Comparative Example 3 using a normal polarizer, so that the polarizer is obscured by scattering due to uneven power scattering due to variation and cannot be confirmed. I understand that there is.
- Example 2 it is clear from comparison with Comparative Examples 3 and 4 that the stretching unevenness of the conventional polarizer is not sensed by polarized light scattering due to the configuration of the present invention.
- the protective film having a small retardation value was used, it can be seen that interference unevenness was suppressed to be smaller than in Comparative Examples 1, 2, and 3.
- JP-A-2002-207118 discloses that a mixed phase of a liquid crystalline birefringent material and an absorbing dichroic material is dispersed in a resin matrix. Others have been disclosed. The effect is of the same kind as the present invention. However, as compared with the case where the absorbing dichroic material is present in the dispersed phase as in JP-A-2002-207118, it is more preferable that the absorbing dichroic material be present in the matrix layer as in the present invention. In addition, the scattered polarized light passes through the absorption layer, but the optical path length becomes longer, so that more scattered light can be absorbed. Therefore, the effect of improving the polarization performance is much higher in the present invention. Also, the manufacturing process is simple.
- JP-T-2000-506990 discloses an optical body in which a dichroic dye is added to either a continuous phase or a dispersed phase, but the present invention does not use a dichroic dye but iodine. There is a great feature in that is used. The following advantages are obtained when iodine is used instead of the dichroic dye. (1) The absorption dichroism developed by iodine is higher than that of dichroic dyes. Therefore, the polarization characteristics of the obtained polarizer are higher when iodine is used.
- the iodine does not exhibit absorption dichroism before being added to the continuous phase (matrix phase), and after being dispersed in the matrix, is stretched to form an iodine-based light-absorbing material exhibiting dichroism. It is formed.
- This is a difference from a dichroic dye which has dichroism before being added to the continuous phase. That is, when iodine is dispersed in the matrix, it remains iodine. In this case, the diffusivity into matrix is generally much better than dichroic dyes. As a result, iodine-based absorbers are more dispersed throughout the film than dichroic dyes.
- the background of the invention described in JP-T-2000-506990 describes, by Aphonin, the optical properties of a stretched film in which liquid crystal droplets are arranged in a polymer matrix.
- Aphonin et al. Refer to an optical film consisting of a matrix phase and a dispersed phase (liquid crystal component) without using a dichroic dye, and the liquid crystal component is not a liquid crystal polymer or a polymer of a liquid crystal monomer. ! / Therefore, the birefringence of the liquid crystal components in the film is typically temperature dependent and sensitive.
- the present invention provides a polarizer having a film strength of a structure in which minute regions are dispersed in a matrix formed of a light-transmitting water-soluble resin containing an iodine-based light absorber.
- the liquid crystal material of the present invention is oriented in a liquid crystal temperature range for a liquid crystal polymer, and then cooled to room temperature to fix the orientation. Similarly, for a liquid crystal monomer, the orientation is fixed by ultraviolet curing or the like. The birefringence of a minute region formed of a liquid crystalline material does not change with temperature.
- a polarizing plate cut to a size of 25 mm x 50 mm is attached to a slide glass using an acrylic adhesive, and after measuring the optical characteristics (initial optical characteristics), the temperature is measured at 60 ° C / 95% RH.
- the following optical characteristics (optical characteristics after the test) after being put in the dryer under the above-mentioned conditions for 1000 hours were measured, and the following changes were obtained. Table 2 shows the results.
- Transmittance change amount Visibility was corrected according to JISZ-8701, and light transmittance (hereinafter simply referred to as transmittance) was obtained.
- Transmittance change transmittance after test-initial transmittance.
- Polarization degree change amount The polarization degree was obtained by the following equation.
- H0 is the parallel transmittance
- H90 is the orthogonal transmittance.
- Degree of polarization ((H ⁇ H) / (H + H)) ⁇ 100 (%).
- Polarization change polarization after test-initial polarization
- Hue change Hue a, Hue b according to JISZ-8701,? Hue a, Hue asked for b.
- Hue a change hue after test a-initial hue a
- hue b change hue b after test-initial hue b.
- the polarizing plate of the present invention is suitably used alone or as an optical film obtained by laminating the polarizing plate in an image display device such as a liquid crystal display device, an organic EL display device, a CRT, and a PDP.
- an image display device such as a liquid crystal display device, an organic EL display device, a CRT, and a PDP.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Polarising Elements (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
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US10/583,083 US20070159580A1 (en) | 2003-12-19 | 2004-12-06 | Polarizing plate, optical film and image display |
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JP2003-423129 | 2003-12-19 | ||
JP2003423129 | 2003-12-19 |
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US (1) | US20070159580A1 (ja) |
TW (1) | TW200527010A (ja) |
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Cited By (1)
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DE102014205137A1 (de) * | 2014-03-19 | 2015-09-24 | Ecom Instruments Gmbh | Geräte-Anordnung |
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US20070002191A1 (en) * | 2005-07-01 | 2007-01-04 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Projector |
JP5134600B2 (ja) * | 2008-08-28 | 2013-01-30 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 光学補償フィルム、偏光板、及び液晶表示装置 |
JP6275936B2 (ja) * | 2010-09-17 | 2018-02-07 | 日東電工株式会社 | 光拡散フィルム、光拡散フィルム付偏光板、液晶表示装置および照明器具 |
JP6404036B2 (ja) * | 2014-03-05 | 2018-10-10 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 偏光板の製造方法 |
WO2016125801A1 (ja) | 2015-02-04 | 2016-08-11 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 画像表示装置 |
JP7338945B2 (ja) * | 2015-10-30 | 2023-09-05 | 住友化学株式会社 | 偏光板 |
KR102310172B1 (ko) * | 2017-05-25 | 2021-10-06 | 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 | 유기 발광 표시 장치 |
US10962696B2 (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2021-03-30 | Light Polymers Holding | Coatable grey polarizer |
JP2021092676A (ja) * | 2019-12-11 | 2021-06-17 | 住友化学株式会社 | 偏光板およびその製造方法 |
CN113504596B (zh) * | 2021-06-29 | 2022-11-29 | 河北工业大学 | 一种宽视角复合偏光片 |
Citations (3)
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JP2000506990A (ja) * | 1996-02-29 | 2000-06-06 | ミネソタ マイニング アンド マニュファクチャリング カンパニー | 光学フィルム |
JP2001166112A (ja) * | 1999-12-08 | 2001-06-22 | Nitto Denko Corp | 光学フィルム及び光学素子 |
JP2001343529A (ja) * | 2000-03-30 | 2001-12-14 | Kanegafuchi Chem Ind Co Ltd | 偏光子保護フィルムおよびその製造方法 |
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US7038746B2 (en) * | 2003-03-31 | 2006-05-02 | Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited | Laminated polarizing film |
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2004
- 2004-12-06 US US10/583,083 patent/US20070159580A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-12-06 WO PCT/JP2004/018120 patent/WO2005062087A1/ja not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2004-12-16 TW TW093139211A patent/TW200527010A/zh unknown
Patent Citations (3)
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JP2000506990A (ja) * | 1996-02-29 | 2000-06-06 | ミネソタ マイニング アンド マニュファクチャリング カンパニー | 光学フィルム |
JP2001166112A (ja) * | 1999-12-08 | 2001-06-22 | Nitto Denko Corp | 光学フィルム及び光学素子 |
JP2001343529A (ja) * | 2000-03-30 | 2001-12-14 | Kanegafuchi Chem Ind Co Ltd | 偏光子保護フィルムおよびその製造方法 |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE102014205137A1 (de) * | 2014-03-19 | 2015-09-24 | Ecom Instruments Gmbh | Geräte-Anordnung |
US9541960B2 (en) | 2014-03-19 | 2017-01-10 | Ecom Instruments Gmbh | Device arrangement |
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US20070159580A1 (en) | 2007-07-12 |
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