WO2005014774A1 - 動物細胞の培養担体と、該培養担体を用いた動物細胞の培養方法および移植方法 - Google Patents
動物細胞の培養担体と、該培養担体を用いた動物細胞の培養方法および移植方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005014774A1 WO2005014774A1 PCT/JP2004/011656 JP2004011656W WO2005014774A1 WO 2005014774 A1 WO2005014774 A1 WO 2005014774A1 JP 2004011656 W JP2004011656 W JP 2004011656W WO 2005014774 A1 WO2005014774 A1 WO 2005014774A1
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- thin film
- cell culture
- carrier
- hydrogel
- cell
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/36—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses containing ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof, e.g. transplant tissue, natural bone, extracellular matrix
- A61L27/38—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses containing ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof, e.g. transplant tissue, natural bone, extracellular matrix containing added animal cells
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/50—Materials characterised by their function or physical properties, e.g. injectable or lubricating compositions, shape-memory materials, surface modified materials
- A61L27/52—Hydrogels or hydrocolloids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N5/00—Undifferentiated human, animal or plant cells, e.g. cell lines; Tissues; Cultivation or maintenance thereof; Culture media therefor
- C12N5/0068—General culture methods using substrates
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a carrier for culturing animal cells, and a method for culturing and transplanting animal cells using the carrier for culturing.
- the present invention relates to a cell culture carrier comprising a hydrogel thin film produced by applying a vitrification technique by drying. More specifically, in a culture system, a culture carrier having strength and shape maintaining power, a culture method for realizing a functional assay for analyzing cell characteristics by culturing various cells on the carrier, an epithelial mesenchyme, Weaving and other fields
- the present invention relates to a method for culturing animal cells for reconstructing a model of a tissue or an organ, and a method for transplanting cells cultured on a culture carrier.
- Carrier materials can be classified into natural material-derived materials, artificial materials, and hybrids of natural material-derived materials and artificial materials, and their shapes are adsorbents to the support, coatings of the support, films, and films. , Plates, petri dishes, flasks, hollow yarns, yarns and / or woven fabrics thereof, gels, beads and the like.
- Examples of the natural material-derived materials include collagen, fibronectin, laminin, glycosaminodalican, proteodalican, and matrigenole (a basement membrane extracted and reconstituted from an EHS tumor; Kleinman, HK, et al. Basement membrane 25, 312, 1986.), cell-free dermal matrix prepared from animal tissue (Livesey, SA, et al. Transplanted acellular allograft dermal matrix. Transplant, 60, 1, 1995.), mussel-derived adhesive protein, silk, cotton, and the like have been developed as culture carriers.
- non-bioabsorbable synthetic polymers such as nylon, bioabsorbable synthetic polymers such as polyglycolic acid, and ceramics have been developed as culture carriers.
- animal cells are cultured in two-dimensional culture using a plastic petri dish as a culture carrier.However, especially in primary cultured cells, repeated passage and maintenance may not maintain the original functional expression of the cells. is there. On the other hand, it has been known that when cells are cultured three-dimensionally using culture carriers of various materials and shapes as described above, the tissue-specific functions of the cells can be improved and maintained. I have.
- Methods for performing such three-dimensional culture include a method of culturing on a gel or a gel of an extracellular matrix component, and a method of culturing cells in a multilayered manner using hollow fibers (Knazek, RA, et al. ⁇ . Cell culture on artificial capillaries: An approach to tissue growth in vitro.Science. 178, 65, 1972.), a method of culturing Itoda cells around a large number of bead carriers (van Wezel, AL Growth of cell-strains and Primary cells on micro-carriers in homogeneous cyiture. Nature.
- a method of coagulating and culturing cells in the porous medium of a sponge carrier such as PUF (Matsushita. T., et al. High albumin production by multicellular speroids of adult rat hepatocytes formed in the pores of polyurethan foam.Appl Microbiol Biotecnol. 36, 324, 1991. spheroid composed of fibroblasts and hepatocy tes. J Cell Sci. 101, 495, 1992.) and multicellular spheroids (spheroid) cultivation method using functional culture carriers, liquid-permeable culture carriers such as gauze (Takezawa, T., et. al.
- the three-dimensional culture method as described above is not as simple as the two-dimensional culture method, and its implementation requires skill, and although it has been used by basic researchers in specialized fields, It has not yet become widespread in the fields of chemical development, such as pharmaceuticals, which require speed and cost (drug discovery research, drug efficacy testing, toxicology / safety testing). In other words, it has not yet become widespread in the industrial field due to the difficulty in realizing it.
- the three-dimensional culturing method as described above has a disadvantage that it is difficult or impossible to observe individual cells with a microscope as compared to two-dimensional culturing cells.
- Riki et al. Had a concept of reconstructing an organ-like structure (organoid) consisting of two or more types of cells, but the concept of culturing cells on both sides of a hide-mouth gel thin film was used as a method. It has never been before.
- a culture method using an extracellular matrix component such as collagen or Matrigel not only excels in inducing cell differentiation, but also provides an epithelial mesenchyme Living tissue formed m vitro and accepted as skin-equivalent tissue of full thickness. Science. 211, 1052, 1981.)
- Ability to construct an angiogenesis model using cells ⁇ Black, AF, et al. In vitro reconstruction of a human capillary-like network in a tissue-engineered skin equivalent. FASEB J. 12, 1331, 1998.) and the ability to construct a cancer invasion model by cancer cells Albini, A., et al., A rapid in vitro assay for quantitating the invasive potential of Tumor cells. Cancer Res. 47, 3239, 1987 .; has demonstrated its usefulness.
- Japanese Patent No. 308111 Japanese Patent No. 308111
- this patented technology is intended to increase the strength of the hydrogel kfc fermentation carrier, including the extracellular matrix component, in order to solve the problems of softness and difficulty in handling, etc.
- the handling is simplified by attaching a support.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a three-dimensional culture carrier comprising a hydrogel such as collagen or matrigel without the need for preparation for use, and to overcome the difficulty of seeding animal cells associated with three-dimensional culture.
- a culture carrier that can achieve three-dimensional culture by the same means as seeding two-dimensional cells.
- it is a gel carrier that does not cause extreme shrinkage of the gel at the mouth of the cell, and the culture medium can be easily exchanged.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a culture carrier comprising a hydrogel.
- the other objectives of this effort are: functional assays for analyzing cell characteristics on the culture support, reconstruction of models of tissues and organs including epithelial mesenchyme, and culture on the culture support. To provide a method for transplanting cells.
- Another object of the present invention is to establish a process for producing a hydrogel thin film such as an extracellular matrix component serving as a culture carrier for animal cells with stable and reproducible physical properties.
- a hydrogel thin film such as an extracellular matrix component serving as a culture carrier for animal cells with stable and reproducible physical properties.
- the present invention relates to a cell culture carrier comprising a hydrogel thin film prepared by sufficiently drying a hydrogel, vitrifying and rehydrating the hydrogel, wherein the strength of the hydrogel thin film is twice the strength of the hydrogel.
- the drying time should be set so that the absorbance at 400 nm of the hydrogel thin film decreases to 70% to 10% of the hydrogel so that it increases by up to 20 times.
- it is a gel carrier that does not cause extreme shrinkage of the hydrogel by cells, and facilitates exchange of culture media
- a culture carrier comprising a hydrogel can be provided.
- Fig. 1 is a plan view showing the configuration of a donut-shaped support
- Fig. 2 is a phase contrast micrograph of a collagen hide gel immediately after gelation
- Fig. 3 is a collagen hide gel after drying 72 S.
- Fig. 4 is a phase contrast micrograph of the gel thin film
- Fig. 4 is a graph showing the results of the strength measurement test
- Fig. 5 is a graph showing the results of the transparency test
- Fig. 6 is a diagram showing the results of double-sided culture.
- FIG. 7 is a fluorescence micrograph when double-sided culture was performed
- FIG. 8 is a photograph showing the Matrigel hydrogel thin film of Example 6
- FIG. FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which a thin section has been transferred to a collagen gel thin film on a slide glass of Example 8.
- the present inventors have paid special attention to the vitrification process in producing a hydrogel thin film, and have earnestly studied the effects of the difference in drying time in the vitrification process on the compressive fracture strength, transparency, and the like of the gel film at the mouth. As a result of repeated studies, the present invention has been completed.
- “Hide mouth gel” refers to a substance in which a polymer has a network-like structure due to a chemical bond and a large amount of water is retained in the network, and more specifically, It refers to a culture carrier such as a natural product-derived material or an artificial material that has been gelled in an incubator.
- the “dried hydrogel” refers to a product obtained by drying the above “hydrogel” by various methods described below, and the “hydrogel thin film” refers to the “dried hide gel” described above. It shall mean the rehydrated one.
- vitrification refers to a glass that turns a protein (white body) of a hen's egg into a hard, transparent substance by air-drying.
- Talshi E. Edible eyeballs from fish. Nature 345, 298, 1990.
- Drying time The time to dry Hyde mouth gel sufficiently differs for each substance, and even if the same collagen is used, the required drying time due to the difference in the water content is the same.
- drying methods such as air drying, drying in a closed container (circulating the air in the container, and always supplying dry air), and drying in an environment with silica gel.
- Examples of the air drying method include drying in an incubator kept sterile at 10 ° C and 40% humidity for 2 days, or drying all day and night in a sterile clean bench at room temperature. is there. After air drying, keep aseptically at room temperature or at 4 ° C. As described later, in the present invention, it was confirmed that the strength and transparency significantly increased when the storage time was longer than one month. Success,
- Examples of the natural product-derived polymer used in the production of the hydrogel in the present invention include an extracellular matrix component, a basement membrane component (trade name: Matrigenole) reconstituted from mouse EHS tumor extract, gelatin, agar, agarose, and the like. No. Furthermore, examples of the extracellular matrix include collagen, laminin, chondronectin, glycosaminodalican, hyaluronic acid, and proteoglycin, and a salt component, concentration, pH, etc., which are optimal for each gelling are selected. It is possible to produce hydrogels. ⁇ '
- the solvent that gives the optimal salt concentration is PBS (Phosphate Buffered Saline), HBSS (Hank's Balanced Salt Solution), a basic culture solution, and a serum-free culture solution.
- a serum-containing culture solution or the like may be used.
- the collagen content per unit area of the collagen hydrated mouth gel thin film is preferably 100 ⁇ g / cm 2 to: Lmg / cm 2 , and the optimal concentration is 250 ⁇ g / cm 2 . If the collagen content is less than 100 ⁇ g / cm 2 , the collagen concentration is too low and the gelation is weak, making it impossible to produce a collagen gel thin film of sufficient strength.
- the pH of the solution at the time of collagen gelation is preferably 6 to 10. Outside this range, it becomes difficult to cause collagen gelling.
- Synthetic polymers used for the preparation of hide mouth gels include polyacrylamide, polybutyl alcohol, methylcellulose, polyethylene oxide, o 1 y (, 2—hydro xy et hylme thacrylate) / po 1 ycapro 1 actone and the like. It is also possible to prepare a hydrogel using two or more of these polymers.
- Hydrate gel thin films contain physiologically active substances in addition to the gel component polymer. You may have. Examples of the physiologically active substance include cell growth factors, differentiation inducing factors, cell adhesion factors, antibodies, enzymes, cytokines, hormones, lectins, and fibronectin, vitronectin, entactin, osteopoetin, etc. as extracellular matrix components that do not gel. Can be It is also possible to include a plurality of these.
- a hydrogel thin film containing a physiologically active substance as described above is prepared by first mixing a physiologically active substance to be contained in a gel-constituting polymer solution before gelation, and then hydrolyzing the gel to form a gel. It can be manufactured through a gel thin film manufacturing process. In this way, factors necessary for cell growth, cell division, adhesion and the like can be supplied from the hydrogel thin film side, so that a better culture environment can be realized. It is also very useful for conducting tests to examine the effects of contained physiologically active substances on cells.
- the above-mentioned polymers are adjusted to an optimum salt concentration and pH unique to each polymer, and gelled at each optimum temperature.
- the conditions of the gelling are different depending on the polymer to be used, but it is obvious for those skilled in the art.
- the gel body is dried by air drying or the like to form a glass.
- transparency and strength can be stably increased by drying for a sufficient time.
- the hide-mouthed gel thin film in the thickness range of 1 ⁇ to 1 mm. If the thickness of the gel at the mouth opening is less than 1 ⁇ , the required strength cannot be obtained. On the other hand, by increasing the amount of gel before drying, it is possible to produce a hydrated gel thin film with a thickness of 1 mm or more.However, in the case of collagen, the solubilization concentration is limited to 0.5%. Therefore, a large amount of 0.5% collagen aqueous solution must be used, and it takes a long time to dry.
- the hide-mouthed gel thin film produced by the method of the present invention is capable of transmitting a bioactive substance having a large molecular weight, whereby each of the two different surfaces of the hydrogel thin film sowed is seeded. Testing of interaction between cells through bioactive substances ⁇ It is thought to contribute greatly to research.
- the hydrogel thin film prepared by the method as described above can be used as a cell culture carrier for culturing animal cells by introducing it into a culture vessel.
- Animal cells to be cultured include primary culture cells, cell lines, fertilized eggs, and cells in which a foreign gene has been introduced into these cells. Further, those cells may be undifferentiated stem cells, cells undergoing differentiation, cells undergoing terminal differentiation, and cells undergoing dedifferentiation.
- Means for initiating the culturing of those cells include seeding a cell suspension, minced tissue sections, fertilized eggs, or three-dimensionally reconstructed multicellular aggregates. In other words, adherent cells that can be cultured by the existing method can be cultured on the hydrogel thin film.
- the reconstructed substance having epithelial-mesenchymal interaction cultured using the culture carrier according to the present invention can be applied to an alternative model of animal experiments, development of a cultured organ, and transplantation of the cultured organ.
- Japanese Patent No. 3,081,130 it is possible to apply the gel culture carrier for hide mouth alone to prevent adhesion to organs.
- a circular support with an outer diameter of 33 mm and an inner diameter of 24 mm as shown in Fig. 1 was prepared by cutting out a nylon membrane (Amersham # RPN 1782 B). After sterilization, a culture dish made of hydrophobic polystyrene ( ⁇ 35 mm: I WAK 1 # 3000— 03 5 X). Place 2.5 ml of cell culture medium (10% non-incubated fetal serum, 20 mmol / l HEPES (GI BCO #) in a 50 ml 1 volume sterile conical tube (IWAKI # 2342—050) cooled on ice.
- cell culture medium (10% non-incubated fetal serum, 20 mmol / l HEPES (GI BCO #) in a 50 ml 1 volume sterile conical tube (IWAKI # 2342—050) cooled on ice.
- the 0.25% collagen gel at a final concentration of 0.25% was vitrified by completely aseptically drying it for 2 days with the lid removed in a clean bench at 10 ° C and 40% humidity.
- the glass-collagen dried collagen hydrogel was rehydrated.
- 3 m 1 P Rinse with BS was added to the collagen thin film.
- the collagen thin film was aseptically dried completely for 2 days with the lid removed in a clean bench under the conditions of 10 ° C. and 40% humidity. Thereafter, the cells were stored aseptically at room temperature.
- FIG. 2 is a phase contrast micrograph of the collagen hydrogel immediately after gelation
- FIG. 3 is a phase contrast micrograph of the collagen hydrogel thin film 72 days after drying.
- a thick fiber structure was observed in the collagen hydrate mouth gel immediately after gelation, but it was not observed in the collagen hydrogel thin film after drying 72 days.
- a granular structure was observed. This result suggested that some structural change occurred in the drying process.
- the hide-mouthed gel thin film (hereinafter referred to as “thin film A”) prepared by the method shown in the above (Example 1) was stored at room temperature under aseptic conditions at various times ranging from 8 days to 133 days.
- a strength measurement test was performed as follows. Strength measurement test, the ® present Nidec Industry Co., Ltd .: the intensity measuring device (digital force gauge), the contact area 1. Attach the first 3 cm 2 circular adapter, press the thin film at a rate of 9 mm / min, The maximum load when the thin film was broken was measured.
- Figure 4 shows the results of the strength measurement test. That is, the strength of the thin film B that has not been sufficiently dried ( ⁇ in the figure) is about 109.3 g, while the strength of the sufficiently dried thin film A ( ⁇ in the figure) is In proportion to the drying time, it rose from 10.9 to 81.3 g. In other words, comparing the two, it was found that the strength of the thin film A was 1 to 8 times that of the thin film B. In particular, it was found that the strength increased remarkably when the drying time was 40 days or more.
- the strength of the non-vitrified Hyde-mouth gel (Hata in the figure) is about 41.4 g.
- the vitrified hide-mouth gel thin film had twice to 20 times the strength of non-vitrified hide-mouth gel.
- the drying time was short, so that the strength varied, but as apparent from FIG.
- the strength could be stably increased by drying for a sufficient time.
- the reason that the strength of the hydrogel thin film is improved by sufficiently drying the hydrogel is considered to be related to the removal of the water contained in the hydrogel. Also, the reason why the strength is further improved after the drying time exceeds 40 days is considered that the bound water may have escaped.
- a hydrogel thin film can be similarly prepared using extracellular matrix components other than collagen. In that case, it is not necessary to say that the required drying time differs for each substance.
- a basement membrane component extracted from an EHS tumor in the example of the present specification, MATR IGEL (registered trademark: manufactured by Becton 'Dickinson' and 'Company') was used, the following:
- MATR I GEL is diluted with a culture solution (DMEM) to prepare a 1 Omg / m 1 MATR I GEL solution.
- an agarose hydrogel thin film can be prepared as follows. That is, 0.1 g of powdered agarose is added to 1 Om 1 of PBS, and the mixture is dissolved in an autoclave to prepare 1% agarose. After adding 2 ml of this solution to a 35 mm culture dish, keep at room temperature for 30 minutes to allow gelation. After that, it was dried all day and night on a clean bench, and then rehydrated. Can produce thin film hydrogel
- a transparency test was performed on each of the thin film A (A1 to A9) and the thin film B prepared in the same manner as in the above (Example 2) as follows.
- the absorbance at 400 nm of each hydrogel thin film and the non-vitrified hydrogel with the support was measured with a spectrophotometer (manufactured by JASCO Corporation).
- Figure 5 shows the results of the transparency test. That is, the absorbance at 400 nm is 0.115 to 0.208 for the sufficiently dried thin film A ( ⁇ in the figure), and the absorbance of hydrogenated non-vitrified hydrogen () in the figure (0. 342) decreased from 33% to 60%.
- the reason for improving the transparency of the hide-mouth gel by sufficiently drying the hide-mouth gel is that the moisture contained in the hide-mouth gel is removed. Is considered to be related. The reason that the transparency is further improved after the drying time exceeds 40 days is considered to be due to the possibility that the bound water is leaking.
- the permeability of serum proteins in the gel membrane at the mouth opening was examined using a palm cell (manufactured by Beadrex), which is a glass device that can set the drug addition tank and the drug permeation tank through a membrane. Put 30% FBS / PBS in the drug addition tank, The solution was collected at 100 ⁇ l / time and sampled for 7 days. The collected sample was electrophoresed and the protein was stained by silver staining. As a result, it was confirmed that more than 110,000 daltons permeated the hydrogel thin film.
- Example 5 Cell culture using a collagen hydrogel thin film culture carrier
- 2 ml of CACO-2 cell suspension stained with # 26 was applied.
- the inner wall of the petri dish was traced with tweezers to peel off the hydrated gel thin film on which CACO-2 was cultured on one side and collected.
- the recovered hydrogel thin film was placed on an in vitro fertilization Petri dish (falcon # 3653) containing 3 ml of culture solution at the center with the cell culture surface facing down, and the upper surface was stained with PKH2.
- Human dermis-derived fibroblasts (4 ⁇ 10 5 cells sZ350Ai I) were seeded and cultured in a 37 ° C. humidified incubator in the presence of 5% C 2 Z 95% air for 2 hours. Thereafter, the hydrogel thin film in which cells were seeded on both sides was transferred to a Petri dish to which a surface treatment for cell culture to which 2 ml of a culture solution had been added was added, and cultured for 3 days in the same manner as described above.
- a circular support with an outer diameter of 33 mm and an inner diameter of 24 mm was prepared by cutting out a nylon membrane (Amersham # RPN 1782 B), aseptically treating, and a culture dish made of hydrophobic polystyrene ( ⁇ i). 35mm: IWAKI # 3000-0 35 X). 19. 2 mg / m 1 matrigel solution (BD B iosciences # 354234) was placed in a 2m l ahead of the support a hydrophobic polystyrene culture Yoyo petri dish was placed, 5% C0 2 95% 37 ° of the air presence The gel was maintained in the moisturizing incubator C for 1 hour.
- each molecular weight protein of the hide-opening gel thin film was examined using a palm cell (manufactured by Beadrex), which is a glass device capable of setting the drug addition tank and the drug permeation tank through a membrane.
- a solution in which each molecular weight protein was dissolved in 10% FBSZD MEM was added to the drug addition tank, and 10% FBS / DMEM was added to the drug permeation tank, and 200 ⁇ l was collected at a time and sampled for 7 days.
- Glucose (Molecular weight; 180) Interleukin 8 (Molecular weight 9,000) Interleukin 6 (Molecular weight 23,200)
- 10 mg / m1, 500 pg / m1, 250 pg / m 1 was added to the drug addition tank.
- the glucose, interleukin 8, and interleukin 6 contained in the collected samples were quantified and found to have permeated at average rates of 22.4 mg / h, 30.41 g / h, and 16.54 pg / h, respectively.
- the protein permeation rate changes depending on the molecular weight of the protein.
- Example 8 Collagen Gel Thin Film Containing Tissue Section Derived from Mammalia
- a collagen gel thin film was prepared using a circular nylon membrane having an outer diameter of 24 mm and an inner diameter of 16 mm as a support. After rehydration, it was dried on a slide glass.
- an unfixed frozen tissue section embedded with OCTcompound (Sakura Seiki, Code # 4583) is attached to a cryostat (LEICA, Code # CM3050S) sample holder and sectioned with a microtome.
- Tissue thin sections were obtained. Normally, the obtained thin section is attached to a slide glass, but in this example, as shown in FIG. 9, the thin section is transferred to a collagen gel thin film on the slide glass obtained as described above. Was completed.
- the collagen gel thin film containing the tissue section was stored in 70% ethanol, but the tissue section was not removed.
- the present invention facilitates functional assays for analyzing cell characteristics on the culture carrier according to the present invention, reconstruction of models of tissues and organs including epithelial mesenchyme, and transplantation of cells cultured on the culture carrier. It can greatly contribute to the production of organ-like structures by three-dimensional culture, development of cultured organs, or testing and research in the field of transplantation of cultured organs.
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