US3651630A

US3651630A - Apparatus for production of mouline yarns

Info

Publication number: US3651630A
Application number: US827241A
Authority: US
Inventors: Hermann Gemeinhardt
Original assignee: Glanzstoff AG
Current assignee: Glanzstoff AG
Priority date: 1968-05-29
Filing date: 1969-05-23
Publication date: 1972-03-28
Anticipated expiration: 1989-03-28
Also published as: DE1760511A1; FI49526B; BE732563A; NO124885B; IL32205A; FI49526C; ES367234A1; ES197822U; CH513262A; ES197822Y; IL32205A0; DK128661B; AT324526B; NL6908142A; CS167887B2; FR2009577A1; LU58612A1; SE343615B; CH733869A4; GB1225717A

Abstract

Process and apparatus for the production of repeatedly compressed mouline carpet yarns in which the yarn is guided through a compression crimping chamber and then corded with guiding each of the yarns under identical conditions through large angle which is the same for each of the yarns.

Description

United States Patent Gemeinhardt [4 1 Mar. 28, 1972 [54] APPARATUS FOR PRODUCTION OF [56] References Cited UNlTED STATES PATENTS [721 lnvemo" Herman" Gemeinhardl, Elsenfeld 3,255,507 6/1966 McCaskill 1.28/1 .6

y 2,882,675 4/1959 Tingas [73] Assignee: Glanzstoff AG, Wuppertal, Germany 19 11/1962 3,164,882 1/1965 Rosenstem et al [22] Filed: May 23, 1969 3,218,675 11/1965 Hendrix 3,238,591 3/1966 Rosenstein [211 827,241 3,382,657 5/1968 Horvath 3,479,810 11/1969 Eshuis ..57/140 30 F A 11 11 P 1 it D 1 l 1 orflgn pp ca on r or y a a Primary Examiner-John Petrakes May 29, 1968 Germany ..P 17 60 51 1.7 Artorney-Johnston, Root, OKeeffc, Keil, Thompson & Shurtleff [52] US. Cl. ..57/34 HS, 23/16, 57/90,

57/ 57 s [57] ABSTRACT 1 Int. Process and apparatus for the production of repeatedly com- 1 1 FieId Search 34 157 157 pressed mouline carpet yarns in which the yarn is guided through a compression crimping chamber and then corded with guiding each of the yarns under identical conditions through large angle which is the same for each of the yarns.

10 Claims, 4 Drawing Figures Patented March 28,1972 3,651,630

2 Sheets-Sheet l 27 FIG.1

II E i gs 13 E l2 [NV/5N! OR HERMANN GEMEINHARDT Patented March 28, 1972 3,651,630

2 Sheets-Sheet 2 FIG. 4

HERMANN GEMEINHARDT ww ww APPARATUS FOR PRODUCTION OF MOULINE YARNS INTRODUCTION So-called mouline yarns are widely used in the manufacture of floor coverings. These are yarns that have been twisted together from several, preferably three, individual yarns each of which has been dyed in a different colour after texturing. Unfortunately, the individual nature of yarns such as these gives rise to difficulties in that even minor deviations in the regularity of the structure are sufficient to cause differences in the dye finish of the end yarn so great that the yarn cannot be used. Irregularities of this kind occur for example in cases where the tension in the individual yarns differs where they meet at the cording station.

This problem is well known and various attempts have been made to prevent this phenomenon known among experts as the core effect. Thus, it has been proposed, with texturing in mind, to arrange in front of the take-in mechanism of the compression chamber a yarn comb which engages deeply between the rollers and into which the yarns are individually placed. Means for electrostatically spraying the incoming and outgoing yarn should also be provided, their object being to make it easier for the yarns issuing from the compression chamber to be separated. Apart from the considerable outlay involved, this process gives rise to various difficulties, in particular in inserting the yarns and in separating them because this arrangement is unable to avoid the well known matting together of the individual yarns in the compression chamber. In addition, the unfavorable filling of the compression chamber resulting from the distance necessary between the incoming individual filaments produced an unsatisfactory crimp. Tensions are generated during separation of the filaments as a result of the matting of the individual filaments, which was clearly promoted by the interval between the filaments during insertion, and this could not even be eliminated by parallel winding or even spreading of the filaments before the cording stage. Thus it is not possible'to produce a satisfactory mouline yarn without the so-called core effect.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION It has now surprisingly been found that a very uniform mouline yarn can be produced in a single operation providing the filaments are guided strictly parallel to one another into the compression crimping chamber without any intervals or gaps between them. The crimped readily separable filaments issuing from the compression chamber must then be guided a minimum distance of about 0.8 m. at some distance from one another, bent through an extremely large angle behind a last delivery unit and then guided through a yarn guide acting as the cording station to the twisting spindle.

Accordingly, the invention provides a process for the production of repeatedly compressed mouline yam comprising the steps of guiding individual yarns for forming the mouline yarn parallel to one another without any gaps or spaces between the individual yarns into and through a compression chamber; separating the yarns after they leave the compression chamber; guiding the yarns at a distance of at least 3 mm. apart from one another through a delivery means; guiding each of the yarns under identical conditions through a large angle which is the same for each of the yarns; passing the yarns through a common cording station; and winding the yarns together onto a cording spindle.

In a simplified process, the crimped, individual yarns, after leaving the compression chamber, are initially wound parallel to one another onto a cylindrical bobbin from which they are guided over a separating and guiding means to the cording spindle in the manner described. This, however, does involve more in terms of machinery and time. In addition, the uniformity with which the yarns are guided to the cording station may in some cases be affected.

The yarns travelling through the unit by which they are deflected respectively at a large angle form the comer edges of a symmetric pyramid whose transverse cross-sections form strictly equal-sided geometrically similar polygons, the number of sides of which depend upon the number of yarns.

The compression means is preferably divided into two chambers preceded by heating means. Preferably the yarn separating means is in the form of a yarn comb, arranged after the compression chamber. Preferably the cording station comprises a cording polygon having a plurality of yarn guides corresponding in number to the number of individual filaments or an integral multiple thereof, the yarn guides being arranged at the vertices of an equilateral polygon; an additional collecting yarn guide common to all the individual yarns arranged at a distance from the plane defined by one said plurality of yarn guides at the center of the equilateral polygon and in front of the latter as seen in the direction of yarn travel; and a balloon yarn guide symmetrically arranged with respect to collecting yarn guide and on the opposite side of the equilateral polygon to the collecting yarn guide.

The take-in rollers of the compression means have a hollow ground section which begins 0.5 to 1 mm. from the edges of the rollers and reaches a depth of from 0.008 to 0.06 mm. and preferably from 0.01 to 0.03 mm. in the middle of the rollers. The depth of the hollow ground section is governed by the thickness and its width by the number of yarns to be simultaneously introduced into the compression chamber. The depth of the hollow ground section has to be selected from within the limits specified in such a way that every yarn is engaged without any slip. With thin yarns in particular, only one of the two rollers need have a hollow-ground section, whilst the second is plane-ground. Although it is possible to grind a flat groove whose depth corresponds to the limits specified above, into the surface of the delivery rollers instead of having a concave ground portion whose cross-section corresponds substantially to a circular segment, the concave ground portion has proved to be more favorable.

So far as the configuration of the cording polygon is concerned, it has been found that the height of the pyramid defined by the base (defined by the individual yarn guides corresponding to the number of individual yarns) and the apex (the collecting yarn guide and the yarns passing collectively therethrough), should amount to between 0.2 and 2.0 times and preferably to between 0.8 and 1.6 times the diameter of the circle circumscribing the said base. The collecting yarn guide is situated ahead of the polygon forming the base, as seen in the direction of yarn travel. The cording station includes a balloon yarn guide which combines the yarn arriving from the individual yarn guides forming the base and, in terms of arrangement, forms the counterpart of the collecting yarn guide. The so-called balloon yarn guide preferably moves up and down in synchronism with the ring rail, but with a shorter stroke, as a result of which the distance to the base of the cording polygon should be arranged in such a way that the shortest distance between the baseof the cording polygon and the balloon yarn guide is not much shorter than the distance separating the collecting yarn guide from the latter, and is preferably no shorter than 0.8 times the distance separating the collecting yarn guide from the polygon base.

Irrespective of whether the process was carried out in one or two stages, however, it was found in every test that strict parallel guiding through the compression chamber and maintaining the distances specified for the arrangement of the yarn guides in the cording polygon together with the arrangement of the cording station, are necessary for producing a uniform yarn.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS An apparatus suitable for carrying out the process according to the invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

FIG. 1 is a simplified illustration showingthe delivery of the yarns through the cording polygon and the balloon yarn guide to the ring twisting spindle;

FIG. 2 is a section through, and FIG. 3 a plan view of, the hollow-ground take-in rollers of the compression chamber; and

FIG. 4 is an elevational view showing how the yarn is guided from the last delivery roller to the cording polygon and thence to the balloon yarn guide.

DESCRIPTION OF ILLUSTRATED EMBODIMENT Means for the delivery of yarns to be compressed from supply bobbins through a compression chamber, preferably provided with two compartments, are known, and FIG. 1 merely illustrates the second stage of the aforedescribed simplified embodiment of the invention.

Supply bobbins

2 and 3 are rotatably mounted on a take-off stand 1 in such a way that the yarns 5 are run off tangentially. The yarns run through a traversing yarn separator 4 arranged just contiguous to the supply bobbins and are delivered from this separator to a yarn heating means 26 and a compression crimping chamber 27 and thereafter to a separating comb 6 which spaces them at the predetermined distance apart. They then pass over a guide rollers 7 to a delivery roller 8 and a separating roller 8' and thence to a cording polygon unit 9. As shown in FIG. 4, this comprises a collecting yarn guide 15 and yarn guides 16 which define the base of the cording polygon and which correspond in number to the number of yarns or to an integral multiple thereof. The collecting yarn guide 15 is arranged exactly perpendicularly above the center point of the base defined by the yarn guides 16, whilst the cording polygon as a whole is arranged above a balloon yarn guide 10 in such a way that it too lies exactly perpendicularly beneath the center of the base of the cording polygon defined by the yarn guides 16. In this way, the balloon yarn guide becomes a clearly defined cording station ensuring the uniformity of the yarn in the course of formation. The combined yarns are guided from the balloon yarn guide in the usual way through a ring traveller 13 on a twisting ring 12 to a winding 11 on a winding spool or tube mounted on the twisting spindle 14. The twisting ring 12 reciprocates vertically. It may be mounted on a conventional, vertically reciprocated ring rail bench. The conventional vertical reciprocating drive thereof is designated symbolically by the arrow 29. The balloon yarn guide 10 reciprocates vertically in synchronization with the twisting ring 12 but with a shorter stroke. It is motivated also by a conventional drive designated symbolically by the arrow 28.

The configuration of the compression chamber take-in rollers is shown in more detail in FIGS. 2 and 3. Take-in

rollers

19 and 20 have narrow cylindrical edges 24 and between them a symmetrical hollow ground portion 23 which forms a symmetrical bi-convex hollow nip 25 when the edges of the rollers are in contact with one another. Following the usual procedure, the two take-in

rollers

19 and 20 are arranged in the compression chamber so that the points at which the edges of the surfaces of the two

rollers

19 and 20 touch one another are covered by

jaws

21 and 22 extending across the nip of the rollers. The dimensions of the hollow duct 25 are such that even in the middle the yarn passing through is sufficiently compressed to deliver the yarns uniformly into the compression chamber.

FIG. 2 shows the introduction of the yarns into the compression chamber. They are introduced parallel to one another through a yam guide means 18 arranged between the two take-in

rollers

19 and 20. The yarns retain their strictly parallel disposition on account of the shape of the surface of the rollers.

Surprisingly, this strictly parallel guide arrangement extends into the compression chamber too so that the compressed or crimped

filaments

5, 5' and 5" issuing from it are still strictly separate from one another and have not matted together.

If the number of yarn guides 16 is an integral multiple of the number of

yarns

5,5, 5", the yarns have to be inserted into the yarn guides 16 in such a way that the same interval remains between them. Accordingly, if for example there are six yarn guides 16 and three

yarns

5,5, 5", alternate yarn guides 16 are not used. If there are only two

yarns

5 and 5 two adjacent pairs of yarn guides 16 must remain free.

The effect of the measures provided by the invention was surprising. It had been possible in the past by arranging the yarn guides 18 sufficiently close to the point at which the

takein rollers

19 and 20 coincide, to guide the

yarns

5,5, 5" through the compression chamber in such a way that they could be separated again fairly easily. However, the difficulties in dyeing were still impossible to overcome, this being attributable to the fact that it was impossible to obtain a strictly parallel passage of the yarn in the compression chamber. Success also eluded the attempt to obtain an end product that was uniform in its dyeability and color distribution even with the aid of the cording polygon 9. Only with the combination of hollow-ground take-in

rollers

19 and 20 in the compression chamber with the strictly parallel guiding of the yarn to a

delivery roller

8,8 and thence to the cording polygon 9 arranged with its axis of symmetry exactly in the spindle axis and above the balloon yarn guide, was it possible for the first time to eliminate all the difficulties that had proved so troublesome in the past.

The process according to the invention has proved to be particularly suitable for treating yarns of organic linear high polymers such as polyamides and polyesters. Higher-denier, multifilament individual yarns with a denier of at least 120 are particularly suitable. The denier of the individual yarns is preferably not less than 250 to 300 den., individual yarns which themselves are multifilament yarns being the components for the composite mouline yarn forming the end product. The individual filament deniers to be made up lie within the usual limits and under no circumstances should they exceed 8 to 10 den. It is preferred to use yarns in which the individual denier is from 3 to 5 den. for a denier of at least 250 to 300 den. common to all components forming the mouline yarn.

The process according to the invention is illustrated by the following Examples:

EXAMPLE 1 A yarn of denier 570/32, doubled, was introduced into the compression chamber by means of a pair of delivery rollers which had a width of 7.5 mm., a hollow ground portion (concave) of 0.01 mm. being provided in both rollers, beginning 0.5 mm. from the edges of the rollers. Accordingly, its width was 6.5 mm.

In a second test, a yarn of the same denier quadrupled was guided through the apparatus.

In both cases, it was found that the yarns issued from the compression chamber in a strictly parallel arrangement and were very easy to separate.

The yarns were then delivered via appropriate revolving and conveying means to a cording polygon with four yarn guides in its square base and were then passed on to a cording spindle. The distance of the four yarn guides from one another was mm., whilst the distance of the collecting yarn guide from the base was 90 mm. The cording polygon was arranged in such a way that the shortest distance between the balloon yarn guide and the base was mm.

In both cases, a highly uniform yarn was obtained.

EXAMPLE 2 Three yarns of denier l /64 were introduced into the compression chamber by means of two take-in rollers 10 mm wide which had a deep hollow ground groove 8 mm. wide and 0.03 mm deep. In this case, too, it was found that the yarns moved through the compression chamber in strictly parallel order and, on leaving the compression chamber, were very easy to separate.

The yarns were then delivered via-appropriate guiding and conveying means to a cording polygon with three yam guides in the base surface, and were then passed on to a cording spin- (He. The distance of the three yarns guides from one another was 95 mm., whilst the distance from the base to the collecting yarn guide was 100 mm. The cording polygon was arranged in such a way that the shortest distance between the balloon yarn guide and the base was 130 mm.

In this case, too, a highly uniform yarn was obtained.

It is thought that the invention and its numerous attendant advantages will be fully understood from the foregoing description, and it is obvious that numerous changes may be made in the form, construction and arrangement of the several parts without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention, or sacrificing any of its attendant advantages, the forms herein disclosed being preferred embodiments for the purpose of illustrating the invention.

The invention is hereby claimed as follows:

1. An apparatus for the production of mouline yarn comprising guide means adapted to guide individual yarns for the mouline yarn parallel to one another without any gaps between the individual yarns; a compression crimping chamber; yarn separating means for separating the yarns after they leave the compression crimping chamber; yarn delivery means; means for guiding the yarns at a distance of at least 3 mm. apart from one another through the delivery means; a cording station formed by a cording polygon having an apexial yarn feed guide and a plurality of yarn guides corresponding in number to the number of individual filaments or an integral multiple thereof, the latter yarn guides being arranged at the vertices of a horizontal equilateral polygon; a yarn balloon guide positioned below the horizontal plane of said equilateral polygon and vertically aligned with the center of the equilateral polygon; a ring twisting spindle with its ring symmetrically positioned beneath the collecting yarn guide; means for reciprocating said ring up and down; and further means for reciprocating said yarn balloon guide up and down in synchronism with said ring of said ring twist spindle but with a shorter stroke, said stroke keeping said yarn balloon guide at a minimum vertical distance from the plane of said horizontal equilateral polygon of 0.8 times the vertical distance between said apexial yarn feed guide and said plane of said horizontal equilateral polygon.

2. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the compression crimping chamber includes two take-in rollers, at least one of which has a hollow-ground roller surface.

3. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein the yarn separating means is in the form of a yarn comb positioned after the compression crimping chamber.

4. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein at least one of the take-in rollers of the compression crimping chamber has a hollow ground roller surface which commences at from 0.5 to 1 mm. from the edges of the roller and reaches a depth of from 0.008 to 0.06 mm. in the middle of the roller.

5. An apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein the depth of the hollow ground portion is from 0.01 to 0.03 mm.

6. An apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein the roller surface of one of the two rollers is hollow-ground and the other is plane-ground.

7. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein both take-in rollers of the compression crimping chamber has a flat groove which begins 0.5 to 1 mm. from the edges of the roller and is from 0.008 to 0.06 mm. deep.

8. An apparatus as claimed in claim 7, wherein the depth of the groove is from 0.01 to 0.03 mm. deep.

9. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the height of the pyramid defined by the base formed by the said plurality of yarn guides, the collecting yarn guide and the yarns travelling through, is from 0.2 to 2.0 times the diameter of a circle circumscribing the base.

10. An apparatus as claimed in claim 9, wherein the height of the pyramid is from 0.8 to 1.6 times the diameter of the circle circumscribing the base.