US2440672A - Electroplating bath for silver - Google Patents
Electroplating bath for silver Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2440672A US2440672A US463250A US46325042A US2440672A US 2440672 A US2440672 A US 2440672A US 463250 A US463250 A US 463250A US 46325042 A US46325042 A US 46325042A US 2440672 A US2440672 A US 2440672A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- solution
- silver
- brightener
- bath
- liter
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 6
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 title description 6
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 title 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 20
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 9
- LFAGQMCIGQNPJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver cyanide Chemical compound [Ag+].N#[C-] LFAGQMCIGQNPJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229940098221 silver cyanide Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 6
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- XYXNTHIYBIDHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium thiosulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S XYXNTHIYBIDHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- -1 formic Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical class OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005282 brightening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- DHCDFWKWKRSZHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfurothioic S-acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=S DHCDFWKWKRSZHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid group Chemical group C(C1=CC=CC=C1)(=O)O WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- LELOWRISYMNNSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen cyanide Chemical class N#C LELOWRISYMNNSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003378 silver Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/46—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of silver
Definitions
- Other objects and -advantages of theinv-erition ivill'become mere apparentirom the mofe detailed descriptionwliich follows; p
- 'Tl-iebath or electrolyte of the invention is one 'offgood efiine and-is one that is easy-tooperateandcon- --trol.- Theallowable-ranges of current densities, voltagestrang-es-of the constituents-making up the --bath and -other variables for good deposits are quite broad.”
- an-addition agent is iprovided for the plating bath which 'inay be termed a brightening and-structure-controlling agent.
- the --si-1ver is Y deposited in the 'form' of'bright' plate.
- the brightener "ad'di-tionagents m a'cc'orrlaiice withthe present ini'r'ention are reaction products of ammonium-thiosulfate with various suitable modifying a'grits.
- "flfcomibdsitfdnthat has proven highly-satisfactory is a eonime'r'c'ial 'X-ray "fixer used to dissolve silver salts from- X rayfilm after exposure and development.
- This solution hereinafter termed solution A, is composed substanbrig-htener; contains in aqueous ;.sohition,w;am-
- acids such as formic, hydrochloric, sulfamic, perchloric, sulfuric are possible for use with the thiosulfate-sulfite mixture but the compounds formed are unstable. However, if bisulfites are added to the thiosulfate, benzoic, tartaric, citric, or hydrocyanic acids will produce efiective brightening agents. Acetic and sulfurous acids may also be added to the thiosulfate-bisulfite combination to produce an effective brightener.
- entitl ment "ingtag''iits which may be added to ammoniu'm lthiostflfate'toiproduce eiiective brighteners are iodine, 'liy'pohlorites, or hydrogen peroxide.
- bii't tli li'prbdli'cts are not stable.
- themoiii'fying agents for the ammonium thios'ulfate maybe termed oxidizing agents.
- the bath temperature may" vary'rrom about “ener concentrations” O i5- lf'niliiliter of "plating 's'olution) "for'maximum brilliance ofiieposits. It
- the current density may be increased greatly by using adequate agitation.
- Other factors extending the current density range are:
- Example I containing 50 g./liter
- Another efiective brightener solution is one free KOH with effective solution agitation.
- Bath voltages vary from 1.2 to 2.8 volts, ordinarily, but depending on current density, distance of anode from cathode, amount of brightener, size of anode and cathode, and composition of bath, may range from 0.8-5 volts.
- the brightener addition agent is used up or is depleted during operation of the plating bath. As this occurs more brightener has to be added to maintain the standard of brightness. In one 1200 liter tank 5-20 ml. of brightener are added hourly, This represents about 0.1 to 0.4 ml./liter III.
- a silver-cyanide plating bath comprising es- 1 and a pH of approximately 4.12 to 4.25 at 25 C.
- a silver-cyanide plating bath comprising essentially an aqueous solutionof silver cyanide and an alkali metal cyanide to which has been added 0.05 to 12.5 ml. per liter'of a brightener comprising essentially an aqueoussolution of ammonium thiosulfate, an alkali metal sulfite and acetic acid, said brightener having a specific gravity of approximately 1.305 to 1.311 and. a pH of approximately 4.12 to 4.25 at 25 C.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electroplating And Plating Baths Therefor (AREA)
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US463250A US2440672A (en) | 1942-10-24 | 1942-10-24 | Electroplating bath for silver |
| DEG4095A DE837794C (de) | 1942-10-24 | 1950-10-01 | Elektrolyt fuer galvanische Niederschlaege aus Silber |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US463250A US2440672A (en) | 1942-10-24 | 1942-10-24 | Electroplating bath for silver |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2440672A true US2440672A (en) | 1948-05-04 |
Family
ID=23839448
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US463250A Expired - Lifetime US2440672A (en) | 1942-10-24 | 1942-10-24 | Electroplating bath for silver |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2440672A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE837794C (de) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2613179A (en) * | 1946-06-20 | 1952-10-07 | Int Standard Electric Corp | Silver plating |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1042338B (de) * | 1957-06-12 | 1958-10-30 | Degussa | Zyankalisches Bad fuer das galvanische Abscheiden von Silber |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2110792A (en) * | 1936-03-23 | 1938-03-08 | Int Silver Co | Process for electrodeposition of silver and products obtained therefrom |
-
1942
- 1942-10-24 US US463250A patent/US2440672A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1950
- 1950-10-01 DE DEG4095A patent/DE837794C/de not_active Expired
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2110792A (en) * | 1936-03-23 | 1938-03-08 | Int Silver Co | Process for electrodeposition of silver and products obtained therefrom |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2613179A (en) * | 1946-06-20 | 1952-10-07 | Int Standard Electric Corp | Silver plating |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE837794C (de) | 1952-05-02 |
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