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US2088955A - Wall and like plug - Google Patents

Wall and like plug Download PDF

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Publication number
US2088955A
US2088955A US695706A US69570633A US2088955A US 2088955 A US2088955 A US 2088955A US 695706 A US695706 A US 695706A US 69570633 A US69570633 A US 69570633A US 2088955 A US2088955 A US 2088955A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
plug
wall
hole
pressure
cavity
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US695706A
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English (en)
Inventor
Hamill William Wilson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority claimed from GB1113036A external-priority patent/GB473660A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2088955A publication Critical patent/US2088955A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B13/00—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose
    • F16B13/04—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front
    • F16B13/06—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front combined with expanding sleeve
    • F16B13/061—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front combined with expanding sleeve of the buckling type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B13/00—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose
    • F16B13/02—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose in one piece with protrusions or ridges on the shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B13/00—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose
    • F16B13/12—Separate metal or non-separate or non-metal dowel sleeves fastened by inserting the screw, nail or the like

Definitions

  • This invention relates to plugs for insertion in walls, floors, ceilings, and other places for supporting ob-je-cts therefrom or attaching them thereto.
  • Wall plugs according to'prior proposals do not meet fully the desiderata of the subject since known wall plugs are liable to be affected by vibration, to set up local zones of high pressure intensity, and under certain conditions are liable to produce cracking; crumbling and/org disin tegration-of the medium in which they are inserted.
  • l r 1 One objectof the invention is the provision of a wall plug which possesses the quality of accommodation to irregularly-shaped holes; another object is to provide a wall plug which is not liable to be affected by vibration; another object' is an improvement in pressure distribution over the periphery of the plug when in situ; and another object is the production of a wall plug in which economical industrial processes are utilized; other objects will appear from a perusal of the following specification.
  • My invention consists in'a' wall or like plug made of rubber and .providedwith a longitudinal cavity or aperture adapted to receive an instrumentof expansion by which the process of fixing is effected in two stages in each of which a different property of the plug material is utilized: the first, a' considerable elastic deformation and flow below theyield point; the second, virtual incompressibility; In order to secure a grip on the cavity which will enablethe plug to withstand substantial loads without loosening, it is necessary firstly toen'large' the plug periphery so that the voids are removed and thd'cross-sectional spaces filled between the cavity bore and the plug "periphery; and” secondly to provide an instrument of expansion which will enable high expansive pressure to be obtained; Before the spacesarefilled by flow of the rubber, there is no"substar1tial-" grip, since expansive pressure is expended in deforming or changing the shape of the rubber; until'the rubber is completely confi'ned by the surrounding'walls, the incompressibi'lity characteristicof the rubber cannot
  • the shape or configuration of the plug in a lengthwise sense is susceptible of considerable variation as is also the hole through the plug and the cross-section of the plug examples of 30 which willbedescribed and illustrated.
  • My improved plug possesses other properties which render it particularly valuable for surface wiring and otherelectrical applications since it has a high (ii-electric value, is non-hygroscopic, and is therefore not liable to" absorb moisture from the atmosphere. It can also be inserted in damp walls, advantageously with a protruding part or head as hereinafter described, without subsequently losing or suffering a noticeable diminution in its insulating value.
  • Figure l illustraterates in sectional view one form of wall plug according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 shows a modification in the bore of the plug I counterpart of a wood screw Figure 3.
  • Figure 13 shows a plug expanded in situ so as to provide a cushion between the supported object and the wall face.
  • V g Figure 14 is an elevation of a construction of plug with moulded head.
  • Figure 16 illustrates sectionally a 'plug expanded by a driving nail in an undercut cavity.
  • Figure 16 shows another form of driving nail and
  • Figure 17 a wood screw provided with enlargements, which may be used in conjunction with the improved plug.
  • FIGs'18, 19 indicate other variations in the internal and external shape of the plug.
  • the plug 1 is parallel throughout its length and is of constant cross-section such as circular annular as indicated in Figure'fi, thereby lending itself to economical fabrication by the known process of extrusion in long lengths which are afterwards cut to'the desired short lengths.
  • the aperture running axially of the plug may be tapered as at 2 Figure 2 with the larger diameter at the outer end; or with a double taper having the smaller diameter at the middle as at 26 Figure 20; or may be parallel as at 3 Figures 1 and 18; or stepped with two parallel diameters as at 4 shown, dotted in Figure 1; or moulded as a
  • the parallel hole' is capable of formation also in the extruding process, but the tapered forms of hole have the advantage that they provide a lead for the nail or screw and thereby facilitate insertion of the screw and, additionally, reduce .the tendency of the plug to rotate by turning of the screw at the commencement of expansion. 7
  • the plug may be provided with an enlargement or head either at the inner end or at the outer end.
  • the former makes'it possible to use an undercut hole in the wall or the like since the plug can be compressed or reduced in external diameter or size when provided with a through aperture, and .can be inserted in the hole in a contracted condition. Holes made by unskilled operators in the wall or the like are frequently bell-mouthed and a larger diameter at the outer end meets this condition.
  • the plug exterior comprises two parallel parts 6, I connected by an intermediate taper part 8; in Figure 5' the plug is made up of a parallel part 9 and a conoidal part Ill; in Figure 18 is shown a waisted plug comprising two conoidal'parts 21, 28 with the larger diameter at the extremities; and in Figure v19 a I barrel shaped embodiment 29 is shown.
  • the aperture in or'through the plug in the generality of applications is placed centrally though it may be in eccentric relation to the pe- V riphery of the plug as indicated at If Figure 6 for use when oscillation may occuror movement take place of the supported object about the axis of the plug; the aperture may stop short of the inner end of the plug, or as shown it may be con tinued therethrough.
  • a screw of the kind described as a wood screw will be used as the instrument of expansion
  • ra former of similar configuration may be used as a core to form the threaded cavity or aperture in the plug and a plurality assembled on a moulding plate from which the moulded products can be removed by hand or by a mechanicaldevice adapted to rotate the cores in groups or the whole batch in one movement.
  • a region of higher radial pressure at the inner part of the wall cavity is obtainable by a suitable proportioning of tapered and parallel sections in respect of length and/or diameter, the objective being an enlargement of the plug periphery throughout its whole length but with lower pressure towards the wall or like face to lessen the risk of damage thereto.
  • the exterior of the plug may be shaped to present corners or edges projecting more or less radially from the periphery of the plug.
  • 7 Longitudinal ribs I2 Figures '7 and 8 project outwardly beyond the general surface of the plug and are readily produced in an extrusion process by the provision of grooves in the die.
  • Right hand threads being general in wood screws, it is advantageous to dispose one face of each rib on a radial line, and to provide a chamfered or bevelled end l3 Figures2 and 12 on the entrant end of the plug to indicate the correct way of insertion.
  • the ribs may be positioned symmetrically about a radial line so that the plug may be inserted either way.
  • the grade of rubber used hassufiicient elasticity and deformability to allow the ribs to be flattened out and merge into the periphery of the plug when the screw or nail is driven home so as not to detract from the close fitting characteristic of the invention.
  • the annular plug has a cylindrical cross-section though for some applications, the cross-section may be other than that of a hollow cylinder; a polygonal form such as a square l4 Figure 9 or hexagonal l5 Figure '10 may be employed and fitted in a correspondingly shaped hole or in a hole of approximately circular cross-section.
  • Figure 13 has the function of a resilient cushion particularly useful for brittle or easily fractured articles such as mirrors, light gauge metal articles, porcelain, etc. where overtightening is liable to cause cracking, breaking, strain-j 'the plug exterior, to provide a definite cushion between the object and the wall or other surface.
  • the instrument of expansion may take the form of a driving nail or a screwconstructed or shaped to produce such effect and including one two or more enlargements for expanding the plug or bushing in the desired region or regions to a greater extent than in the remainder of the hole.
  • a nail shape is shown in Figures 15 and 16 embodying a point 11 for easy insertion leading up toan enlargement l8 followed by a constriction l9 tapering up to the head 20.
  • the enlargement is of double conoidal formation with a steeper angle on the following side so that a non-return action follows the insertion of the nail or screw; the angle 2
  • a lubricant such as water may be used to facilitate passage along the bore of the Pl s- Where considerable quantities are required, as for example by builders in the erection and fitting up of houses and other structures, long or continuous lengths may be supplied and cut to the required length, either before or after insertion of the plug in the wall cavity.
  • the rubber is extruded in convenient lengths and vulcanized in a similar condition.
  • Rubber of appropriate quality or mix is compounded to provide the property of tenacity enabling. the plug to yield and deform under the pressure set up by the instrument of expansion without splitting, crumbling, cracking, or disintegrating.
  • ' tions or knurling may be formed on the external surface of the plug to improve the initial and the final grip on the bore of the wall or like cavity.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Dowels (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
  • Fishing Rods (AREA)
  • Artificial Fish Reefs (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
US695706A 1932-11-08 1933-10-28 Wall and like plug Expired - Lifetime US2088955A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB2088955X 1932-11-08
GB2125018X 1934-12-18
GB1113036A GB473660A (en) 1936-04-18 1936-04-18 Plugs for insertion in walls and other places for support or attachment of objects

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2088955A true US2088955A (en) 1937-08-03

Family

ID=32045683

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US695706A Expired - Lifetime US2088955A (en) 1932-11-08 1933-10-28 Wall and like plug
US51541A Expired - Lifetime US2125018A (en) 1932-11-08 1935-11-25 Plug for insertion in walls and other places

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US51541A Expired - Lifetime US2125018A (en) 1932-11-08 1935-11-25 Plug for insertion in walls and other places

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (2) US2088955A (fr)
BE (1) BE410535A (fr)
DE (1) DE657685C (fr)
GB (3) GB412631A (fr)
NL (1) NL43544C (fr)

Cited By (27)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2709389A (en) * 1949-11-11 1955-05-31 H J Van Der Riju N V Thermoplastic screw anchor
US2774098A (en) * 1952-08-19 1956-12-18 Arthur J Tieri Ophthalmic mounting hinge
US2785453A (en) * 1952-06-11 1957-03-19 Alan W Wentz Separable fastener structure
US2788829A (en) * 1955-05-04 1957-04-16 Illinois Tool Works Plastic nut having frusto-conical bore and locking portion
US2802503A (en) * 1953-11-27 1957-08-13 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Screw mounting having insulating and locking properties
US2811373A (en) * 1954-06-03 1957-10-29 Houdaille Industries Inc Fender and fender shield assembly
US2836214A (en) * 1953-07-31 1958-05-27 Illinois Tool Works Plastic screw anchor with slotted head
US2876485A (en) * 1954-12-03 1959-03-10 Gen Tire & Rubber Co Interlocking assembly
US3048721A (en) * 1958-05-23 1962-08-07 Wahl Clipper Corp Housing for appliances
DE1140780B (de) * 1955-12-06 1962-12-06 Nienburger Metallwarenfabrik A Anordnung zum Verbinden eines Metallrohres mit einer auf ihm liegenden Platte, z. B. aus Holz, insbesondere zur Herstellung von Stahlrohrstuehlen
DE1163085B (de) * 1958-04-03 1964-02-13 Robert Frederick Oxley Befestigung eines Stuetzisolators, Durchfuehrungsisolators oder anderen Bauteils
US3147525A (en) * 1961-12-23 1964-09-08 Gobin Daude Two-piece molding fastener
US3153975A (en) * 1954-01-21 1964-10-27 Illinois Tool Works Fastener unit
DE1191633B (de) * 1958-12-20 1965-04-22 Linke Hofmann Busch Elastische und abstandsichernde Verbindung zweier Platten
US3191864A (en) * 1961-07-26 1965-06-29 Railroad Rubber Products Inc Spike hole insert
US3205759A (en) * 1961-09-05 1965-09-14 Gobin Daude Two-piece molding fastener
US3218097A (en) * 1962-03-05 1965-11-16 Dexion Ltd Connection means for tubular frameworks
US3434521A (en) * 1965-08-02 1969-03-25 Tinnerman Products Inc Plastic fastener with curved entry shoulder in bore
US3447820A (en) * 1967-04-17 1969-06-03 Auto Research Corp Compression fitting particularly for fluid-distributing systems
DE1284166B (de) * 1965-11-30 1969-09-11 Mayr Alfred Friedrich Vorrichtung zum Befestigen von Schellen od. dgl.
US4016696A (en) * 1975-04-04 1977-04-12 The Dayton Sure-Grip & Shore Co. Tie rod hole plug in combination with a wall hole
US4757597A (en) * 1982-06-30 1988-07-19 Luk Lamellen Und Kupplungsbau Gmbh Method of assembling a friction clutch
DE3830770A1 (de) * 1988-09-09 1990-03-22 Franz Astl Verbindungselement, insbesondere duebel, fuer holzteile
EP1035335A1 (fr) * 1999-03-12 2000-09-13 Karl Stampfli Cheville
EP0995914A3 (fr) * 1998-10-23 2001-12-05 Fischerwerke Arthur Fischer GmbH & Co. KG Elément de fixation métallique à filetage interne pour montage traversant
US20080011375A1 (en) * 2006-07-13 2008-01-17 Robert Bosch Gmbh Combination cap and plug
CN106415027A (zh) * 2014-04-03 2017-02-15 喜利得股份公司 固定方法

Families Citing this family (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE558765A (fr) * 1954-08-06 1900-01-01
US3060538A (en) * 1959-11-03 1962-10-30 South Chester Corp Fastening device
DE1198518B (de) * 1961-01-16 1965-08-12 Artur Fischer In ein Duebelloch einzusetzender, ueber einen Teil seiner Laenge geschlitzter Spreizduebel
US3230592A (en) * 1963-11-07 1966-01-25 Gen Motors Corp Molding strip fastener
US3327581A (en) * 1965-03-24 1967-06-27 Schlueter Ernest Polygonal shafted stud with corner grooves
US3415153A (en) * 1965-04-02 1968-12-10 Steiner Lajos Mechanical clamping device
US3343442A (en) * 1965-08-13 1967-09-26 United Carr Inc Vibration damping fastener
US3519295A (en) * 1968-09-04 1970-07-07 United Carr Inc Fishing rod connector
US3515417A (en) * 1969-03-27 1970-06-02 Us Industries Inc Self-centering bushing
US4073241A (en) * 1976-07-29 1978-02-14 Wheeler Richard J Bottle supported shelf apparatus
GB2116661A (en) * 1982-01-27 1983-09-28 William John Bernard Ollis Improvements relating to dowel like pins
EP0158604A3 (fr) * 1984-02-29 1986-10-08 Società "OMAS" - S.r.l. Charnière invisible avec mécanisme simplifié et cheville de fixation flexible
DE3516479A1 (de) * 1985-05-08 1986-11-13 Rockenfeller KG Befestigungselemente, 5912 Hilchenbach Nagel mit einem kopf am einen und einer spitze am anderen ende des schaftes
ZA906021B (en) * 1989-08-02 1991-05-29 Ingersoll Rand Co A dynamic earth anchor,and a sleeve therefor
US5120169A (en) * 1991-10-09 1992-06-09 Emhart Inc. Blind fastener
US5870870A (en) * 1996-05-15 1999-02-16 Utzman; Charles H. Shear panel joint
US5709513A (en) * 1996-07-09 1998-01-20 Tsai; Chun-Hsin Mounting structure
NL1038761C2 (en) * 2011-04-19 2012-10-22 Jaap Kamp Plug.

Cited By (28)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2709389A (en) * 1949-11-11 1955-05-31 H J Van Der Riju N V Thermoplastic screw anchor
US2785453A (en) * 1952-06-11 1957-03-19 Alan W Wentz Separable fastener structure
US2774098A (en) * 1952-08-19 1956-12-18 Arthur J Tieri Ophthalmic mounting hinge
US2836214A (en) * 1953-07-31 1958-05-27 Illinois Tool Works Plastic screw anchor with slotted head
US2802503A (en) * 1953-11-27 1957-08-13 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Screw mounting having insulating and locking properties
US3153975A (en) * 1954-01-21 1964-10-27 Illinois Tool Works Fastener unit
US2811373A (en) * 1954-06-03 1957-10-29 Houdaille Industries Inc Fender and fender shield assembly
US2876485A (en) * 1954-12-03 1959-03-10 Gen Tire & Rubber Co Interlocking assembly
US2788829A (en) * 1955-05-04 1957-04-16 Illinois Tool Works Plastic nut having frusto-conical bore and locking portion
DE1140780B (de) * 1955-12-06 1962-12-06 Nienburger Metallwarenfabrik A Anordnung zum Verbinden eines Metallrohres mit einer auf ihm liegenden Platte, z. B. aus Holz, insbesondere zur Herstellung von Stahlrohrstuehlen
DE1163085B (de) * 1958-04-03 1964-02-13 Robert Frederick Oxley Befestigung eines Stuetzisolators, Durchfuehrungsisolators oder anderen Bauteils
DE1202581B (de) * 1958-04-03 1965-10-07 Robert Frederick Oxley Befestigung eines als Steckerbuchse ausgebildeten bolzenfoermigen Bauteils
US3048721A (en) * 1958-05-23 1962-08-07 Wahl Clipper Corp Housing for appliances
DE1191633B (de) * 1958-12-20 1965-04-22 Linke Hofmann Busch Elastische und abstandsichernde Verbindung zweier Platten
US3191864A (en) * 1961-07-26 1965-06-29 Railroad Rubber Products Inc Spike hole insert
US3205759A (en) * 1961-09-05 1965-09-14 Gobin Daude Two-piece molding fastener
US3147525A (en) * 1961-12-23 1964-09-08 Gobin Daude Two-piece molding fastener
US3218097A (en) * 1962-03-05 1965-11-16 Dexion Ltd Connection means for tubular frameworks
US3434521A (en) * 1965-08-02 1969-03-25 Tinnerman Products Inc Plastic fastener with curved entry shoulder in bore
DE1284166B (de) * 1965-11-30 1969-09-11 Mayr Alfred Friedrich Vorrichtung zum Befestigen von Schellen od. dgl.
US3447820A (en) * 1967-04-17 1969-06-03 Auto Research Corp Compression fitting particularly for fluid-distributing systems
US4016696A (en) * 1975-04-04 1977-04-12 The Dayton Sure-Grip & Shore Co. Tie rod hole plug in combination with a wall hole
US4757597A (en) * 1982-06-30 1988-07-19 Luk Lamellen Und Kupplungsbau Gmbh Method of assembling a friction clutch
DE3830770A1 (de) * 1988-09-09 1990-03-22 Franz Astl Verbindungselement, insbesondere duebel, fuer holzteile
EP0995914A3 (fr) * 1998-10-23 2001-12-05 Fischerwerke Arthur Fischer GmbH & Co. KG Elément de fixation métallique à filetage interne pour montage traversant
EP1035335A1 (fr) * 1999-03-12 2000-09-13 Karl Stampfli Cheville
US20080011375A1 (en) * 2006-07-13 2008-01-17 Robert Bosch Gmbh Combination cap and plug
CN106415027A (zh) * 2014-04-03 2017-02-15 喜利得股份公司 固定方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB449021A (en) 1936-06-18
GB412631A (en) 1934-07-05
BE410535A (fr)
US2125018A (en) 1938-07-26
DE657685C (de) 1938-03-10
NL43544C (fr)
GB456004A (en) 1936-11-02

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