UA80592C2 - Device for transporting and cleaning tuberous roots - Google Patents

Abstract

A device for transporting and cleaning tuberous roots consists of a feed conveyer, a baffle brush, a cleaning unit of a rectangular shape arranged with an incline consisting of pairs of counterrotating smooth cylindrical rollers above the outer surface of which an activator, as a console one, and also an unloading conveyer are mounted. Brushes of the activator form two main transporting channels of a curvilinear shape directed from upper angles of a cleaning unit to centre thereof and getting narrow downwards where they form a horizontal windowbetween each other. Under the horizontal window of separate brushes transporting planes, the top of which is directed upwards, are formed and arranged at angle, and from overhead above the window a driven blade beater, the longitudinal axis of which is parallel to cylindrical rollers of the cleaning unit is arranged. All the brushes and a blade beater of the activator are arranged on a separate frame which is connected with a mechanism of changing and fixing position thereof as regards to the cleaning unit.

Description

Description of the invention

The invention relates to agricultural engineering, in particular to devices for transporting and 2 cleaning root vegetables, which can be used in potato harvesting machines.

There are many devices for transporting and cleaning roots and tubers from soil and plant residues, which include, as a rule, sequentially placed main active separating working body, made in the form of a screw or roller cleaner, as well as additional cleaning elements, which are rod conveyors, cleaning slides , clod crushers, chopper and guide brushes with elastic rods and 70 etc. see book: Petrov G.D. Potato harvesters. Calculation and design. - M.: Mashinostroenie, 1972. - 400 p.

The closest to the device for transporting and cleaning root and tuber crops is a well-known device, the main essence of which is located in Izayavka of Ukraine Mo20041109724 (patent OA 76623, 15.08.2006)), which includes a feeding conveyor, a chop brush, an inclined cleaning unit of a rectangular shape, consisting of 72 from pairs of counter-rotating smooth cylindrical rollers, above the outer surface of which an activator is cantilevered, as well as an unloading conveyor.

The disadvantages of this device are the low quality of cleaning root and tuber crops from impurities, which is due to the fact that the pile of root and tuber crops being cleaned passes from one cleaning working body to another in large mass without actually being dispersed and separated. The most important physical feature, such as the specific gravity of the various components of the separating pile, is actually not used anywhere in this device.

It is not always possible to disperse and subsequently separate a large mass of piles fed to the cleaning device due to the limited cleaning time.

The invention sets the task of improving the quality of cleaning root vegetables from impurities.

The task set by the invention is achieved by the fact that the device for transporting and cleaning c 22 root and tuber fruits, which consists of a feeding conveyor, a chipping brush, an obliquely located cleaning unit of a rectangular shape, consisting of pairs of smooth cylindrical rollers that rotate counter-rotating over the outer surface which cantilever-mounted activator, as well as the discharge conveyor according to the invention, the brushes of the activator create two main conveyor channels of a curvilinear shape, directed from the upper corners of the cleaning block to its center and which narrow downwards, where they form a horizontal window with each other, under which separate brushes are created , located at an angle, transporting Ge"! plane, the top of which is directed upwards, and above the indicated window is the drive blade beater, the longitudinal axis of which is parallel to the cylindrical rollers of the cleaning unit, while all the brushes and the blade o beater of the activator are installed on a separate frame, which is connected to the mechanism for changing and fixing it position Ha") relative to the cleaning unit. 3o The device for transporting and cleaning root vegetables is schematically shown in Fig. 1 (general side view). Fig. 2 shows view A in Fig. 1.

The device for transporting and cleaning roots and tubers consists of a feeding conveyor 1, above the output end of which a chop brush 2 with rods of elastic material is installed. Behind the chopper brush 2" is installed an inclined heap cleaner Z, in which a rectangular cleaning surface is created by pairs of cylindrical Z 70 rollers 4, which have a counter-rotating movement in pairs. An activator 5, made in the form of drive brushes 6, which are formed by elastic blades, is installed above the inclined pile cleaner Z. Drive shields 6

From" the activator 5, two main transporting channels 7 of curvilinear form are created. At the same time, the indicated conveying channels 7 (that is, created by two rows of brushes b, which within each row are installed relative to each other virtually without a gap) are directed from the upper ends of the inclined pile cleaner Z to its center and 49, which gradually narrow downwards. That is, the distance between the two rows of brushes b of each channel 7 gradually decreases in such a way that it is the largest on top. In the middle of the central part of the cleaner of the pile Z av | the specified transporting channels 7 form between themselves a horizontal window 8, under which two transporting planes 9 are created at an angle from separate drive brushes 6. At the same time, the apex of the angle created by the transporting planes 9 is directed upwards. Above the horizontal window 8 is the drive (Te) 20 blade beater 10, the longitudinal axis of which is parallel to the cylindrical rollers 4 of the cleaning unit 3. At the same time, all the brushes 6 of the activator 5 and the blade beater 10 are installed on a separate frame 11, the ends of which are connected to the mechanisms from 12 changing and fixing its position relative to the surface of the cleaning block 3. An unloading conveyor 13 is connected to the lower part of the cleaning block C (there can be two such unloading conveyors). The lower end parts of the inclined pile cleaner Z are covered by protective screens 14. The directions of the flow of 29 roots and tubers and the rotation of the working organs of the device are shown by arrows.

GF) The device for transporting and cleaning root vegetables works as follows. The pile of roots and tubers to be cleaned is fed by means of the feeding conveyor 1. The elastic rods of the chopper brush 2 direct this pile to the upper end of the inclined pile cleaner 3, on which they begin to move downward under the influence of their own weight. In the upper part of the cleaner Z, the pile is actually divided into two 60 separate streams, which are created by the main transporting channels 7 of curvilinear shape. Moving downward in the middle of the conveying channels 7 along curved paths, the pile of root crops falls on the surface formed by pairs of cylindrical rollers 4, which counter-rotate, as a result of which soil and plant impurities are captured by them, carried to the reverse side of the inclined cleaner of the pile C and finally fall down, leaving cleaning area. At the same time, the transporting channels 7 direct the movement of the roots and tubers both along the directions of the axes of the cylindrical rollers 4 and in the perpendicular direction, which primarily contributes to the effective capture of impurities by pairs of cylindrical rollers 4. In addition, thanks to this movement, the root and tuber fruits intensively rotate around their own axes and are guaranteed to be cleaned from sticky soil.

The driving shields 6 of the activator 5 in the middle of the transport channels 7 strike with their blades the moving flows of the pile and directly on the root crops, which will contribute to the significant dispersion of the pile and the removal of soil impurities and plant residues by pairs of rollers 4, which, rotating in the opposite direction, grab them and remove them from the cleaning zone .

Further, the two molasses of the root tuber pile reach the middle of the rectilinear part of the cleaner 3, where the two conveying channels 7 are directed towards each other.

However, thanks to the driven blade beater 10, the two opposing flows of the pile change their directions and begin to move strictly downwards (due to the fact that the driving axis of the beater 10 is parallel to the longitudinal axes of the rollers 4) through the horizontal window 8. When the two flows are directed in opposite direction, their mixing and when reflected in the perpendicular direction, the pile is completely dispersed.

After that, the pile reaches the top of the transporting plane 9, which actually consists of two separate rectilinear planes, which are located at an angle to each other and are also created by the drive brushes 6, and begins to move further.

At the same time /5 The apex of the angle created by transporting planes 9 is directed upwards, and the angle itself can have a different meaning (from acute to obtuse). Thus, there is also a separation of the already single molasses of a pile of root crops into two separate molasses, and further, along the transport planes 9, the pile moves downward and again at an angle to the cleaning surface formed by pairs of cleaning rollers 4. And this contributes to the final capture of soil and vegetable impurities and their removal beyond the limits of purification.

After passing through the conveying planes 9, cleaned of impurities, the roots and tubers fall on the unloading conveyor 13. There can be two such conveyors, that is, brought to the two lower ends of the transporting planes 9. To prevent the loss of root and tuber crops during the transition from the transporting planes 9 to the unloading conveyors 13, protective screens 14 are installed. Since all the brushes 6 of the activator 5 (that is, the brushes 6, which create two main conveying channels 7 of a curvilinear shape and the brushes of the conveying planes 9) and the blade beater 10 are installed on a separate frame 11, it is possible to set the necessary gap between the activator 5 and the surface , which is formed by pairs of cylindrical rollers 4. For this, the ends of the frame 11 are connected to the mechanisms 12 and) (for example, screw) changing and fixing its position relative to the surface of the cleaning unit 3. The establishment of such a small gap will contribute to the fact that the lower part of the pile in general, it will move down the entire floor unhindered hnei of the cleaning block Z of a rectangular shape after being fed by the feeding conveyor 1, and with zo Root tubers, as solid bodies having certain dimensions, begin to move along the conveying channels 7 and further.

In addition, the mechanisms 12 can place the activator 5 relative to the surface of the cleaning block 3 in such a way that this gap will be increased from above, and from below, on the contrary, reduced.

This will contribute to the fact that part of the pile of MU (especially small soil impurities and plant remains) will immediately pass unobstructed downwards, and then, thanks to the reduction of the specified gap - strictly inside the channels 7 and along the transporting planes 9. If the extreme o driving brushes 6 (which are located from the very top of the cleaning unit 3) of the inner rows of the main transporting channels 7 are located at a sufficient distance from each other, then part of the pile of root crops that enters the feeding conveyor 1 will immediately fall into the middle part of block C (ie, bypassing the main transporting channels 7) and further moving downwards, under the action of its own weight, it will definitely get to the beater 10, which will direct it through the window 8 further on the surface of the transporting planes 9. The angular speeds of rotation of the brushes 6, as well as the beater 10 must take into account the type of root crops and the amount of soil and vegetable impurity in his sleep) with composition.

This also applies to the dimensions of the horizontal window 8, the radii of curvature of the main transporting channels 7, their shape, the location of the biter 10 relative to the window 8, etc. ;" The use of this device for transporting and cleaning root and tuber crops will improve the quality of cleaning root and tuber crops from impurities by 20...25,905.

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Claims (1)

The formula of the invention (c) c Device for transporting and cleaning root and tuber crops, which consists of a feeding 5r conveyor, a chop brush, an obliquely located cleaning unit of a rectangular shape, consisting of a pair of counter-rotating smooth cylindrical rollers, above the outer surface of which cantilever HC is equipped with an activator, as well as an unloading conveyor, which is distinguished by the fact that the activator is made in the form of drive brushes, which are formed by elastic blades, while the brushes are installed in such a way that they create two main transporting channels of a curvilinear shape, directed from the upper corners of the cleaning block to its center with a gradual narrowing downwards, where they form a horizontal window between them, under which individual brushes are created and arranged at an angle transporting planes, the top of which (Ф) is directed upwards, and above the window there is a drive blade beater, the longitudinal axis of which is parallel to the ГИ cylindrical rollers of the cleaning unit , while all the brushes and blade beater of the activator are installed on a separate frame, which is connected to the mechanism for changing and fixing its position relative to the cleaning block. 60 b5