UA80318C2 - Device for cleaning of tuberous roots - Google Patents

Abstract

A device for cleaning tuberous roots consists of a feeding conveyor, a baffle brush, an arc-like cleaner, in which a cleaning surface is formed by smooth cylindrical rollers rotating in one direction and which output end has in the deepening a transverse auger, and an unloading conveyor. The output end of the arc-like part of the cleaner is made in the form of a ring in the longitudinal-vertical plane, inside which an immovable housing of the transverse worm is installed, this is made of longitudinal rods with possibility of forming from below of transporting gap relative to the lower rollers. Under the lower part and side one of the immovable housing bladed rotors are installed which driving axles are located on the curve following the form of the immovable housing and which rotate upward in the same direction.

Description

Description of the invention

The invention relates to agricultural engineering, in particular to devices for transporting and 2 cleaning root vegetables, which can be used in potato harvesting machines.

There are many devices for transporting and cleaning roots and tubers from soil and plant residues, which include, as a rule, sequentially placed main active separating working body, made in the form of a screw or roller cleaner, as well as additional cleaning elements, which are rod conveyors, cleaning slides , clod crushers, chopper and guide brushes with elastic rods and 70 etc. see book: Petrov G.D. Potato harvesters. Calculation and design. - M.: Mashinostroenie, 1972. - 400 p.

Disadvantages in the operation of these devices are that the transfer of a pile of roots and tubers, which is fed from one cleaning working body to another, occurs without any activation of movements and the provision of different cleaning efforts based on the principle of action. This primarily concerns the use of 12 of the most effective vibrating working bodies for component separation when separating a pile of root vegetables. Or such separating working bodies that would provide him with different directions of movements, accelerations, etc.

The closest to the device for transporting and cleaning root vegetables is a well-known device, the main essence of which is found in (AS USSR Mo1752240, АО1017/04, АО1027/04, publ. 07.08.1992, bull. Mo29 - prototype), which includes the main separating working body, which consists of successively located different types of cleaners, behind which is placed a transverse bar conveyor, above which are installed blocks of driven cleaning brushes, the surfaces of which are formed by elastic blades.

The disadvantages of this device are the low quality of cleaning root and tuber crops from impurities, which is due to the fact that the pile of root and tuber crops being cleaned passes from one cleaning working body to another in a large mass, without actually being dispersed and separated. The most important physical feature, such as the specific gravity of the various components of the separating pile, is actually not used anywhere in this device. Gee)

It is not always possible to disperse and subsequently separate a large mass of piles fed to the cleaning device due to the limited cleaning time.

The invention sets the task of improving the quality of cleaning root vegetables from impurities.

The task set by the invention is achieved by the fact that in the device for cleaning root and tuber fruits, which consists of a feeding conveyor, a chipping brush, an arc-shaped cleaner, in which the cleaning surface "-- is created by smooth cylindrical rollers having a rotational movement in one direction, the output end of which has in the depression of the transverse auger and the unloading conveyor, according to the invention, the outlet end of the arc-shaped part of the cleaner is made in the form of a circle in the longitudinal-vertical plane, inside which Ha"), a fixed body of the transverse auger is installed, created from longitudinal bars, which forms a conveying gap from below with the lower rollers, at the same time, under the lower and side parts of the stationary body, inside the working channel, paddle beaters are installed, the drive axes of which are located on a curve that copies the stationary body, and the direction of their rotational movement is the same and directed upwards.

The device for transporting and cleaning root vegetables is schematically shown in Fig. 1 (general side view). Fig. 2 shows view A in Fig. 1. C 70 The device for transporting and cleaning roots and tubers consists of a feeding conveyor 1, a deflecting brush 2, created by elastic rods, an arc-shaped cleaner 3, the cleaning surface of which is created with smooth cylindrical rollers 4, which have a rotational movement in one direction - to the output end cleaner 3. Cleaner C has an outlet end 5, which is made in the form of a circle in the longitudinal-vertical plane, inside which a fixed body b is installed, which is made of transverse bars installed with a gap of a certain size, inside which a transverse auger 7 is located. Fixed body 6 from below forms a conveying gap 5 with lower rollers 4, which precisely create the outlet end of the cleaner C in the form of a circle. At the same time, under the lower and side parts of the fixed body 6, inside the working channel, three bladed beaters 8 are installed, the drive axes of which are located along a curve that repeats the shape of the fixed body 6.

In fact, the location of the drive blade beaters 8 is a continuation of one of the end parts of the stationary body 6. The direction of rotation of the beaters 8 is the same and directed upwards. On the side of the lower end of the arc-shaped cleaner Z, opposite one of the ends of the transverse auger 7, an unloading conveyor 9 is installed.

The directions of the flow of roots and tubers and the rotation of the working organs of the cleaner are shown by arrows.

The device for transporting and cleaning root vegetables works as follows. The pile of roots and tubers being cleaned is fed by means of a feeding conveyor 1 and the elastic rods of the chopper brush 2 direct it inside the arc-shaped cleaner of the pile Z, which is formed by smooth (F. cylindrical rollers 4 rotating in one direction - to the output end of the cleaner 3. Moving to to the bottom, inside the cleaner Z, the pile of root crops disperses and due to the rotation of its smooth cylindrical rollers 4 (and the gaps between the rollers 4), a significant part of soil and plant impurities is captured by them, carried to the reverse side of the arc-shaped cleaner of the pile Z and finally leaves the cleaning zone.

Having reached the output end 5 of the arc-shaped part of the cleaner Z through the conveying gap 5, the pile of root vegetables actually enters the inside of the circle in its lower part on the surface formed by the rollers 4. The rollers 4, when rotating, direct the pile of root vegetables uphill into the transporting gap between the fixed body 6 and the lower rollers 4 . In this part, namely under the lower and side parts 65 of the fixed body 6, a pile of root vegetables falls into the area of action of the drive blade beaters 8. Since the beaters 8 are installed on the drive axles, which are located along a curve that copies the fixed body 6, but the working channel here is narrowed by the size of the radii of the beaters 8, then the blades of the beaters 8 capture only the bodies of the tubers and, together with the rollers 4, transport them upwards. Impurities are not captured by the blades of the beaters 8 and they are sifted downwards, that is, outside the boundaries of the cleaner, at the bottom of the circular shape of the arc-shaped part of the cleaner Z.

The root vegetables captured by the paddle beaters 8, rising to the required height, fall into the fixed body 6 and are transported in its middle by the transverse auger 7. Since the fixed body 6 is made of transverse bars, and the auger 7 transports the root vegetables in its axial direction, i.e. across the bars of the body 6, then stuck soil is effectively brushed from their bodies, which in the form of small impurities again enters the outlet end 5 of the arc-shaped part of the cleaner З and is carried out through the rollers 4 beyond the limits of 7/0 cleaning. Plant residues that have fallen into the middle of the circle created by the rollers 4 are captured at the very top and already on the outer surface of the rollers 4 (the direction of rotation of the rollers 4 from the outer part of the circle is just directed downwards) roll beyond the cleaning limits. Cleaned roots and tubers are transported by auger 7 in the transverse direction and then roll onto the unloading conveyor 9 and leave the device for cleaning root and tubers. Angular velocities of smooth cylindrical rollers 4 and blade beaters 8 should take into account 7/5 the amount of root tuber heap that is submitted for cleaning, the degree of its contamination with soil and plant impurities, etc. This also affects the size of the conveying gap d, as well as the gap between the stationary body 6 and the screw 7.

The use of this device for transporting and cleaning root and tuber crops will improve the quality of cleaning root and tuber crops from impurities by 15...25,905.

Claims (1)

The formula of the invention A device for cleaning root and tuber crops, consisting of a feeding conveyor, a chipping brush, an arc-shaped cleaner, in which the cleaning surface is formed by smooth cylindrical rollers having a rotational movement in one direction, the output end of which has a transverse auger in the depth, and an unloading conveyor , which is distinguished by the fact that the outlet end of the arc-shaped part of the cleaner is made in the form of a circle in the longitudinal-vertical plane, inside which is installed, made of longitudinal rods, a fixed body of the transverse auger, which is made with the possibility of forming a conveying gap from below (ee) with lower rollers, at the same time, blade beaters are installed under the lower and side parts of the stationary body, the drive axes of which are located on a curve that repeats the shape of the stationary body, and the direction of their rotational movement is the same and directed upwards. (ze) "c) d) - and? (ee) («c) (95) - 70 IR e) ime) 60 b5