TWI587017B - 光致變色水凝膠隱形眼鏡及其製法 - Google Patents
光致變色水凝膠隱形眼鏡及其製法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本發明係關於隱形眼鏡,更詳而言之,係關於一種隱形眼鏡,其鏡片上當配戴時覆蓋瞳孔區域之範圍設置有光致變色染料,該光致變色隱形眼鏡具有改良之化妝效果及結構品質。本發明亦關於用以製作上述光致變色隱形眼鏡之方法及材料。
早期隱形眼鏡技術中,是在形成隱形眼鏡的材料間製成容器,用以裝載光致變色性液體,以便於遭遇如核爆等引發之強烈閃光時發揮保護效果。
近年來,業界積極研發日常可配戴的光致變色隱形眼鏡,其利用能吸收特定波長範圍光線的光致變色染料達成有色與無色狀態間的快速過渡。在某些實例中,是將染料分散於能在包含隱形眼鏡等聚合材料內展現光致變色性的鏡片中,以較佳地具有可吸收光線的單一層體。然而在「邊緣到邊緣」整體鏡片面積皆具有光致變色性的隱形眼鏡,以化妝考量而言效果並不理想。
因此,業界乃積極創造僅有中央瞳孔區域會變色的隱形眼鏡,也就是「單瞳孔(pupil-only)」隱形眼鏡。
美國專利申請第US2003/0142267號揭露之隱形眼鏡,僅在鏡片中心或瞳孔區域具有光致變色材料。這種鏡片的製作法是將具有不同黏度的單體混合料放置於鏡片模中。此隱形眼鏡為硬式隱形眼鏡,並不含水。美國專利申請第US2003/0142267號並無法生產具有良好光學及舒適性等理想性質的軟式水凝膠隱形眼鏡。
因此需要一種改良式的單瞳孔光致變色隱形眼鏡,包括製造該種鏡片的方法,使該鏡片可減少變形及光學失真問題,同時可提升舒適性、可戴性及化妝效果。
在此所述,水凝膠為水可膨脹聚合物,其水含量為約20至約75%。
在此所述,反應混合物或單體混合物意指
在此所述,膨脹係數或膨脹係指水凝膠物件在水合後之尺寸變化。膨脹係數之計算是將水合後鏡片之直徑除以模中形成鏡片在取出及水合前的直徑再乘以100。
在此所述,矢狀深度為隱形眼鏡之高度,在中心(頂點)從通過鏡片基部直徑的弦測量而得。已知可被使用以測量矢狀深度的測試包括使用一超音波儀器(第4.1.4.2.3條)之ISO 18369-3。
一般而言,軟式水凝膠隱形眼鏡的製造方法為在塑膠模中鑄模隱形眼鏡。模通常由兩個模件構成,組合時形成模穴。在模穴中固化的反應混合物即形成隱形眼鏡。通常是在第一模件經計量放入反應混合物,再將第二模件放置於第一模件上,之後將反應混合物固化。反應混合物之反應通常是以輻射啟動。模穴中的反應混合物固化,如聚合化及/或交聯,以形成隱形眼鏡。之後將固化的水凝膠隱形眼鏡從模中取出,放入溶劑以去除不需要的化學成分。鏡片在此過程中膨脹。之後以水洗去鏡片上的溶劑,並賦予水凝膠最終穩定形狀及尺寸。
具體地參照圖1,製造單瞳孔光致變色隱形眼鏡的兩種方法係被用示意圖所表示。在圖1a所示的第一種方法中,步驟10a為提供一前弧11a。所述前弧11a是兩件式模的其中一部分,為凹入形狀,因此倒入之材料在地心引力作用下聚集於模件中央。步驟12a,將精確小量之含染料光致變色單體混合物13a,或稱為瞳孔單體混合物,放置或經計量放入於前弧模11a之表面,較佳的是在一實質上中央位置且呈實質上圓形形態。
在一實施例中,所述含染料光致變色單體混合物係經計量放入於隱形眼鏡之光學區內的中央圓形區域。此中央圓形區域之大小可與光學區相同,在一般隱形眼鏡中約為9 mm或以下之直徑範圍。在一實施例中,中央圓形區域之直徑為約4至約7 mm,且在另一實施例中為約4至約6 mm之直徑。
選擇性地,所述含染料光致變色單體混合物可為至少部分地在步驟12a之受控固化機制下被聚合。爾後,將不包含光致變色染料之透明單體混合物15a的劑量經計量放入於步驟14a之含染料光致變色單體混合物13a上方。透明單體混合物15a之劑量將凹形前弧11a填滿至一需要量且爾後於步驟16a,提供基弧17a,且將半個模11a、17a設置於其最終固化位置,並使單體混合物被固化及/或聚合化,完成模造程序。其中,該聚合程序包括可以或半個前弧模件或是半個基弧模件,或兩者,為目標的光聚合機制,輻射。之後去除成型鏡片上不需要之化學成分,並加以水合。
圖1b所示之另一種方法中,步驟12b係將第一劑量之光致變色單體混合物13b放置於前弧模11b中心,之後步驟14b將一環狀環透明單體混合物15b設置於前弧模11b之邊緣。結果之環狀環透明單體材料15b,在地心引力作用下流往前弧中心。在步驟16b,然後基弧模17b係被供應且固化係被啟動和完成,以及進行取出及水合步驟(圖未示)以形成最終水凝膠隱形眼鏡產品。
為使水凝膠隱形眼鏡具有可接受之兩個區域的分離(圖案品質)以及低失真,通常根據集中光致變色染料11分布,可如US2003/0142267所提議,已發現增加單體混合物13、15之黏度且,具體地,使光致變色染料單體混合物13之黏性高於透明單體混合物15,減少單體13、15之分子擴散,藉此將光致變色染料維持於中央區域。使用具有比透明單體混合物更高黏度之光致變色染料單體混合物,有助於降低兩種單體混合物界面之剪力,藉此降低物理混合。以下所示為史托克斯-愛因斯坦方程式分析,說明影響材料擴散係數之參數:
其中,D為分子擴散係數,k為波子曼常數,T為溫度,μ為黏性且r為分子半徑。在低溫操作及使用較高黏度單體可降低分子擴散速率。在一實施例中,光致變色染料單體混合物之黏度至少比透明或周圍單體混合物之黏度高約1000 cp,且在另一實施例中至少高約1500 cp。
然而,僅如US2003/0142267所提議之控制單體混合物的黏度,並不足以產生具有適當光學及舒適性之水凝膠隱形眼鏡。當水凝膠單體混合物同時固化產生呈現平面化光學區之隱形眼鏡,而非具有連續半徑之鏡片。此可藉由測量隱形眼鏡之矢狀深度而被測量。本發明之水凝膠鏡片具有用於鏡片之設計矢狀深度約100微米以內的矢狀深度。在一實施例中,偏離設計矢狀深度從0(符合設計矢狀深度)至-100微米,代表從設計矢狀深度之輕微平面化。
據發現,藉由自光致變色染料單體混合物與透明單體混合物所形成之聚合物膨脹係數之平衡,具有理想光學及舒適性之水凝膠隱形眼鏡可被製成。在一實施例中,自相應的單體混合物所形成之聚合物膨脹係數為約10%以內,在一些實施例中為約8%以內,且在其他實施例中為約5%以內。膨脹係數可藉由操縱一些組成配方變數而加以調整,包括稀釋劑濃度、親水及疏水成分之濃度和親水性或疏水性,以及起始劑及交聯劑之濃度或其等之組合。許多光致變色染料為高度疏水,且於本發明所用之濃度,對含有該等光致變色染料的水凝膠之膨脹係數有影響。在一實施例中,光致變色染料為疏水之處,其係被添加於取代相似用量之另一疏水成分的配方。同樣的,若光致變色化合物為親水,其將被添加於取代相似用量之另一親水成分的配方。在一些實施例中,例如:矽氧水凝膠隱形眼鏡被生產之處,需保持矽氧成分濃度,並取代一種親水成分之一部分。在這些實施例中,可能需要多重調整以取得所需之膨脹係數。
此外,亦可修改其他配方變數以達成所需之膨脹係數。在一些實施例中,變化親水成分濃度、稀釋劑濃度及起始劑濃度,及其等之組合,在產生具有理想光學與舒適性之光致變色隱形眼鏡有效。在一實施例中,一親水聚合物,諸如聚(乙烯基吡咯啶酮)(PVP)、甲基丙烯酸、聚二甲基丙烯醯胺或聚(乙烯基甲基乙烯胺)可被添加至光致變色染料單體混合物。
在一些實施例中,最好是使用相同或相似成分於光致變色染料與透明單體混合物二者中。例如:理想的是在單體混合物二者中可包含相同親水成分。在此情況下,除了親水成分濃度以外,配方變數可被變化。此實例進一步說明配方變數如何可被平衡。
在一實施例中,使用一單側固化時,利用單體、稀釋劑濃度及其等之組合而使膨脹係數相符。固化僅從一側產生(如光固化過程中)之處,也可增加起始劑濃度。
本發明可用之透明單體混合物15,包括甲基丙烯酸2-羥乙酯(HEMA)為基的水凝膠或矽氧水凝膠材料製成之軟式隱形眼鏡材料,其包含但不限於矽氧水凝膠及氟水凝膠。軟式隱形眼鏡配方之實例,包括但不限於艾塔菲康(etafilcon)A、簡菲康(genfilcon)A、來奈菲康(lenefilcon)A、聚甲基丙烯酸羥乙酯(polymacon)、水菲康(acquafilcon)A、巴拉菲康(balafilcon)A、加來菲康(galyfilcon)A、塞諾菲康(senofilcon)、那拉菲康(narafilcon)A、那拉菲康(narafilcon)B、控菲康(comfilcon)、菲康(filcon)II 3、阿斯摩菲康(asmofilcon)、單體A以及羅塔菲康(lotrafilcon)A等等之配方。矽氧水凝膠配方,諸如以下所揭示者:美國專利第5,998,498號;美國專利申請第09/532,943號,其為2000年8月30日提出申請之美國專利申請第09/532,943號之部分延續案,以及美國專利第US6,087,415、US6,087,415、US 5,760,100、US5,776,999、US5,789,461、US5,849,811、US5,965,631、US7,553,880、WO2008/061992、US2010/048847號,亦可被使用。上述專利之水凝膠組成物於此合併參照。在一實施例中,隱形眼鏡配方係選自艾塔菲康A、巴拉菲康A、水菲康A、羅塔菲康A、加來菲康A、塞諾菲康、控菲康、那拉菲康、單體A及矽氧水凝膠。
此外,適宜的隱形眼鏡可由包含至少一種含聚矽氧成分之反應混合物製成。含聚矽氧成分於一單體、大分子單體或預聚合物中包含至少一[--Si--O--Si]基團。較佳的是,Si及附加之O係以一大於20重量百分比之量存在於含矽氧成分中,更佳的是大於該含矽氧成分之總分子量的30重量百分比。可用之含矽氧成分較佳的是包含可聚合官能基,如丙烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酸酯、丙烯醯胺、甲基丙烯醯胺、N-乙烯基內醯胺、N-乙烯基醯胺及苯乙烯基官能基。可被包括在矽氧水凝膠配方中的聚矽氧成分之實例,包括但不限於矽氧大分子單體、預聚合物及單體。矽氧大分子單體之實例,包括但不限於與懸掛親水基團(甲基)丙烯酸化之聚二甲基矽氧烷。
亦可使用含聚矽氧及/或氟之大分子單體。適用之矽氧單體包括三(三甲基矽烷氧基)矽基丙基丙醯酸甲酯、含單體之羥基官能聚矽氧,該等單體如3-甲基丙烯羰氧基-2-羥基丙基氧基)丙基雙(三甲基矽氧基)甲基矽烷。
其他適用之含單體的矽氧烷包括三羥甲基胺基甲烷(TRIS)的醯胺類似物。乙烯基胺基甲酸酯或碳酸酯類似物、單甲基丙烯醯氧基丙基封端聚二甲基矽氧烷、聚二甲基矽氧烷、3-甲基丙烯醯基雙(三甲基矽氧基)甲矽烷、甲基丙烯醯氧基五甲基二矽氧烷及其等之組合。
可被用在一些實施例中之例示性光致變色材料可包括與隱形眼鏡材料混合之染料,或另一本身為光致變色之可聚合單體。其他例示性材料可包含以下一或多者:可聚合光致變色材料,如可聚合萘并、可聚合螺苯并吡喃、可聚合螺苯并吡喃與螺苯并噻喃、可聚合俘精酸酐、可聚合并四苯二酮、可聚合螺、可聚合聚烷氧基化萘并吡喃,以及可聚合光致變色化合物。
此外,該光致變色材料在一些實施例中可包含以下材料類別之一或多者:克唏類,如萘并吡喃、苯并吡喃、茚并萘并吡喃以及菲并吡喃;螺吡喃類,如螺(苯并吲哚啉)萘并吡喃、螺(吲哚啉)苯并吡喃、螺(吲哚啉)萘并吡喃、螺(吲哚啉)喹啉并吡喃以及螺(吲哚啉)吡喃;類,如螺(吲哚啉)吩、螺(吲哚啉)吡啶并苯、螺(苯并吲哚)吡啶并苯、螺(苯并吲哚)吩及螺(吲哚啉)苯并;雙硫腙汞、俘精酸酐、俘精醯亞胺及該等光致變色化合物之混合物。
其他適用於本發明之光致變色材料包括有機金屬雙硫腙鹽類,亦即(偶氮)硫代甲酸芳基雙醯肼,如雙硫腙汞;以及俘精酸酐和俘精醯亞胺,如3-呋喃基及3-噻吩俘精酸酐和俘精醯亞胺。適用之光致變色染料非限制性實例包括
以下實例及實驗說明本發明之某些概念,但不為本發明範圍之限制。
實例
以下縮寫用於下述實例:
單體混合物A
由表1所列成分與稀釋劑(D30)組成之單體混合物A(77 wt%成分:23 wt% D30)。
表1
單體混合物B
由55 wt%表1所列成分與45 wt%稀釋劑(55 wt% TPME與45 wt%癸酸共稀釋劑之混合物)組成之單體混合物B。
表2:單體成分
單體混合物B配方在用劑以前,先以約600-700 mmHg在環境溫度下去氣約30分鐘。
實例1
為說明以圖1a之方法製作單瞳孔隱形眼鏡之可行性,將20 mg原子筆墨水混入1 g表2之單體B單體混合物,以模擬含染料瞳孔單體,並將3 mg此種單體混合物放入前弧模10c中央。單體混合物黏性為~3000 CP。接著,80 mg單體A單體混合物放置於瞳孔單體混合物上方,如14c所示。單體A單體混合物之黏性為~300 CP。放置基弧,關閉模,於1.2至1.8 mW/cm2,在飛利浦(Philips)TL K 40W/03燈泡之下於氮氛中在溫度約55±5℃被照射歷經25分鐘。
然後,該裝配係在照片中所得到的被固化如在16c中所示。如圖2所示,兩種單體混合物間可看出明確分界。
實例2
在此實驗中,使用由PPG工業公司(PPG Industries)所製之式I的光致變色染料。
5%光致變色染料溶解於含有在表2中所列成分之單體混合物中且以45% TPME作為稀釋劑。用於透明單體混合物,包含作為稀釋劑之55% TPME的單體B單體混合物係被使用。此材料之黏度為~400 CP。然後,單體混合物於2%氧氣環境中,在飛利浦TL K 40W/03燈泡之0.5 mW/cm2強度之下在60℃,進行固化20分鐘。之後將基弧模移除且鏡片停留於前弧模中。將鏡片連同前弧模裝配置入90℃去離子水15分鐘,以便將鏡片自模分離,再將鏡片取出進行水合。爾後,鏡片可被包裝於在玻璃小瓶內之包裝溶液中且在121℃下滅菌。
所述包裝溶液包含以下於去離子H2O中之成份:0.18重量百分比硼酸鈉[1330-43-4],萬靈科(Mallinckrodt);0.91重量百分比硼酸[10043-35-3],萬靈科;1.4重量百分比氯化鈉,西格瑪(Sigma);0.005重量百分比甲基纖維素醚[232-674-9]購自飛世爾科技(Fisher Scientific)。
圖3為實例2所產出三種例示性鏡片30、32及34之干涉圖。干涉圖顯示穿過自兩種單體混合物形成之介於鏡片部分的交接處之平滑且連續的干涉線。因此,產出鏡片中並無任何明顯實體變形之現象。
實例3
在此實例中,該透明單體外區域為單體混合物A,表1及包含光致變色染料之瞳孔單體混合物為基於單體混合物A具連同6%光致變色染料一起被添加之5%額外的PVP(聚(N-乙烯四氫吡咯酮))K90。將混合物A單體之黏度從~300 CP變換為~1200 CP之額外的PVP K90可有效維持含光致變色染料之中央光學區。
將3 mg之瞳孔單體混合物置於Zeonor前弧鏡片模中心。接著,將80 mg單體混合物A置於瞳孔單體混合物上方。將聚丙烯基弧放在前弧模上,之後關閉模。填料後之模以飛利浦TL 20W/03T螢光燈泡於模上下照射,條件為:環境溫度下在約1 mW/sec2約1分鐘、在2 mW/sec2及80℃約7分鐘,以及在5.5 mW/sec2和80℃約4分鐘。所有固化在N2中完成。打開模,取出鏡片,放入IPA與DI H2O之70:30(wt)溶液在環境溫度下浸泡至少60分鐘。IPA:DI水溶液係被交換兩次,且被浸入於環境溫度之IPA:DI水對各個額外的交換至少約30分鐘以去除殘餘稀釋劑及單體,被放置於去離子H2O中約30分鐘,爾後,在硼酸鹽緩衝的鹽水中平衡至少約24小時且以122℃被高壓蒸氣消毒30分鐘。
根據此實驗之鏡片40示於圖4。此實驗結果之一為有助於提高聚合物在瞳孔區之水含量之額外的PVP K90之添加,藉此反向平衡因添加疏水光致變色染料而降低之水分。因此,自含染料單體混合物與透明單體混合物兩者構成之聚合物,其水合程度實質上一致。光學測量結果顯示以此方法製成之鏡片具有改良之光學品質。
實例4
在此實驗中,該透明單體區域是自單體B單體混合物所形成,且瞳孔區域是自具光致變色染料之單體B材料所形成。然而在此實驗中,黏度是藉由將稀釋劑成分單體B單體混合物之濃度改變為45%而被調整。該透明區域中之45%稀釋劑係由40%三級戊醇與60%癸酸構成,而瞳孔單體混合物中之45%稀釋劑為100%癸酸。在此實驗中藉由調整稀釋劑,使光致變色瞳孔區域之中心化被妥善包含於光學區之中間位置內。且此改變允許內(瞳孔)外(透明)區域間之黏度相差~1800 cP,亦提供經水合鏡片在兩區域中之膨脹匹配,從而取得良好光學。
實例5
以表3成分與稀釋劑(D30)(77 wt%成分:23 wt% D30)形成反應混合物(反應混合物C)。
式I之光致變色染料(6 wt%基於反應混合物C反應成分之重量)及額外的5% PVP係被溶解入反應混合物C,以形成含染料之反應混合物。
3 mg之含染料反應混合物放入Zeonor前弧鏡片模中心。接著,將80 mg反應混合物C置於含染料反應混合物之上。放上聚丙烯基弧,關閉模。填料後之模以飛利浦TL 20W/03T螢光燈泡在鏡片模上下方以下述條件照射:約1 mW/sec2於環境溫度約1分鐘、2 mW/sec2於80℃約7分鐘,及5.5 mW/sec2於80℃約4分鐘。所有固化於N2中完成。打開模,取出鏡片,放入IPA與DI H2O之70:30(wt)溶液在環境溫度下浸泡至少60分鐘。IPA:DI水溶液係被交換兩次,且被浸入於環境溫度之IPA:DI水對各個額外的交換至少約30分鐘以去除殘餘稀釋劑及單體,被放置於去離子H2O中約30分鐘,爾後,在硼酸鹽緩衝的鹽水中平衡至少約24小時且以122℃被高壓蒸氣消毒30分鐘。
表3
製作不同度數之鏡片。中心厚度較薄之鏡片(-1.00,90微米及-1.75,120微米)半徑較平滑,具有良好光學及舒適性。較厚鏡片(>120微米,-6.00度)會產生平頂現象,光學差。
實例6-11
式II之光致變色染料
(6 wt%基於反應混合物反應成分之重量)溶解於表4之反應混合物中,形成實例6-11之含染料反應混合物。添加D30為稀釋劑,用量如表4(基於反應成分及稀釋劑之量)。
表4
將3 mg含染料反應混合物置於Zeonor前弧鏡片模之中心。接著,將80 mg反應混合物1置於個別的含染料反應混合物之上。放上聚丙烯基弧,關閉模。填料後之模以飛利浦TL 20W/03T螢光燈泡(包括區1(A&B)及區2A內之UV濾鏡)在鏡片模上方以定溫80℃依以下條件照射:在約2.2 mW/sec2(區1(A&B)及2A)約7.5分鐘以及在5.5 mW/sec2(區2B及3(A&B))約7.5分鐘。所有固化於N2中完成。打開模,取出鏡片,放入IPA與DI H2O之70:30(wt)溶液在環境溫度下浸泡至少60分鐘。IPA:DI水溶液係被交換兩次,且被浸入於環境溫度之IPA:DI水對各個額外的交換至少約30分鐘以去除殘餘稀釋劑及單體,被放置於去離子H2O中約30分鐘,爾後,在硼酸鹽緩衝的鹽水中平衡至少約24小時且以122℃被高壓蒸氣消毒30分鐘。
測量各實例鏡片中心之矢狀深度,並利用以下程序對照計算理想或設計矢狀深度。
使用尼康立體顯微鏡(Nikon Scope) SMZ1500連同部件型號P-BERG(目鏡)、P-IBSS(分光鏡像機接口)、DS-Fi1(相機)、P-FMD(固定架)、1X WD 54(鏡頭)及基座。將LED背光靠近水槽,以45°鏡放在Nikon Scope 1X鏡頭下方,因此發光二極體(LED)背光所發射之光線可穿過水槽,抵達45°鏡,讓光線可反射至顯微鏡。見圖9。
顯微鏡及NIS Elements(影像處理軟體)D設為0.75X。將隱形眼鏡放於水槽中,以背弧側向下。調整隱形眼鏡及顯微鏡,使隱形眼鏡在電腦上對焦。調整照明使背弧與前弧表面可見。
利用軟體NIS Elements D之半徑工具,沿背弧表面在兩側各選擇三點,產生一外接圓,顯示隱形眼鏡背弧之「理想」曲率。
利用長度工具,測量中央光致變色區域之偏差,方法為在隱形眼鏡中心測量隱形眼鏡實際背弧表面與「理想」曲率間之距離。當中央光致變色區域中基弧表面之可見度有限時,可產生代表背弧表面位置之點。自前弧表面經隱形眼鏡於一等於隱形眼鏡中心厚度之距離進行測量,可產生代表背弧表面之點。此設定亦用於製作圖5-8之鏡片照片。
與理想值相較之偏差示於下表5。
表5
實例12及比較實例1和2
鏡片根據實例6之方法製作,使用表6所列染料單體混合物。
表6
在實例12及比較實例1和2中各個所製之鏡片係被照相。影像如圖5-7所示。如可見於圖5,實例12之鏡片形狀良好且以連續弧形延伸於整體鏡片表面。五種鏡片相對於基弧之平均偏差百分比為-4.5%。
比較實例1及2(分別為圖6及7)之鏡片顯示平面化頂部,嚴重偏離設計矢狀深度。圖6中,以亮色線表示設計曲線,且鏡片中心之設計矢狀高度以亮色框表示。將圖6及7相較於圖5(實例6),可知本發明的確可使水凝膠鏡片形狀具體改善。比較實例2之平均偏差測量為-0.397 mm,比實例6之鏡片(-0.109 mm)高出三倍。
實例13
鏡片根據實例6之方法製作,但使用如下表7之第2、3欄所示之光致變色單體混合物及透明單體混合物。光致變色單體混合物包含6 wt%式II之光致變色化合物及45 wt%癸酸為稀釋劑。
表7
圖8顯示根據實例13製成之鏡片照片。該鏡片形狀良好且矢狀深度在設計矢狀深度的100微米以內。
如上所述,黏度有助於將光致變色維持在隱形眼鏡之中間部位。然而,為調整隱形眼鏡內(光致變色瞳孔)外(透明)單體之黏度,需調整兩種單體,使得最終聚合物之水合膨脹不會在光致變色與非光致變色區域間之過渡區域造成應力。過渡區域之膨脹匹配可經由調整單體成分之含量及種類達成,如親水單體包括甲基丙烯酸2-羥乙酯(HEMA)、N,N-二甲基丙烯醯胺(DMA)、N-乙烯基吡咯啶酮(NVP)、N-甲基乙醯胺、甲基丙烯酸、聚矽氧、交聯劑、聚乙烯吡咯啶酮(PVP)、聚丙烯酸(PAA)、聚甲基乙醯胺、聚二甲基丙烯醯胺、PVA及稀釋劑。
本發明之水凝膠含水量為約20至約75%。在又一實施例中,本發明水凝膠隱形眼鏡之水含量為至少約25%。本發明之鏡片亦可具有其他所需性質,包括拉伸模數低於約200 psi,在一些實施例中低於約150 psi且在其他實施例中低於約100 psi。鏡片可進一步具有透氧性,大於約50巴勒(barrer),且在一些實施例中大於約100巴勒。應知上述性質可加以結合,且上述範圍亦可以任何組合加以結合。在一些實施例中,可使光致變色及非光致變色聚合物性質實質上相符(約10%之內)。
隱形眼鏡單體通常包括在接觸光化輻射時可產生聚合化之反應混合物。單體A可通常包括單體,其具有反應成分及稀釋劑(D30),如表1所列,於約23℃攪拌或滾動混合一起至少約3小時,直到所有成分溶解。反應成分以佔所有反應成分之重量百分比計,且稀釋劑為最終反應混合物之重量百分比。製作鏡片時,可將反應混合物置入熱塑性隱形眼鏡模,以光化輻射照射,如以螢光燈泡用45℃在N2氣氛中照射約20分鐘。打開模,取出鏡片,將鏡片放入IPA與H2O之50:50(wt)溶液,並在環境溫度下浸泡於IPA約15小時以去除殘留稀釋劑與單體,置於去離子H2O中約30分鐘,爾後,放在硼酸鹽緩衝的鹽水中平衡至少約24小時且以122℃被高壓蒸氣消毒30分鐘。
雖然本發明之原理在此說明,精於此技藝人士應知以上敘述僅為闡示之目的,不應構成對於本發明範圍之限制。除上述實施例外,其他實施例亦屬本發明之範疇。由精於本技藝人士所為之修改及替代視為包含於本發明之範圍中,且除以下申請專利範圍外,其應不受其他限制。
10c...前弧模
11a...前弧
11b...前弧模
13a...含染料光變色單體混合物
13b...光變色單體混合物
15a...透明單體混合物
15b...環狀環透明單體材料
17a...基弧
17b...基弧模
30...鏡片
32...鏡片
34...鏡片
40...鏡片
本發明係參照附圖加以說明,其中:
圖1A及1B用示意圖顯示根據本發明製作單瞳孔光致變色鏡片之方法。
圖2為根據本發明方法製成之例示性鏡片。
圖3顯示本發明隱形眼鏡之干涉圖。
圖4為根據本發明之例示性鏡片。
圖5-8為實例12、比較例1及2與實例13中鏡片之照片。
圖9為用來測量實例中矢狀深度相對於設計矢狀深度之偏差的裝置概要圖。
Claims (19)
- 一種製造光致變色水凝膠隱形眼鏡之方法,其包含:將第一水凝膠鏡片組成物計量放入前隱形眼鏡模部件,其中該第一水凝膠鏡片組成物包含至少一隱形眼鏡單體以及光致變色材料;將第二水凝膠鏡片組成物計量放入位於該第一水凝膠鏡片組成物上方之所述的隱形眼鏡模部件,其中所述的第一水凝膠鏡片組成物具有大於所述的第二水凝膠鏡片組成物之黏度的黏度;將第二模部件置於鄰近該前隱形眼鏡模部件,藉此形成鏡片模穴,具有該第一水凝膠鏡片組成物及該第二水凝膠鏡片組成物於該鏡片模穴之內,以及固化所述的第一及第二水凝膠鏡片組成物,以形成所述的水凝膠隱形眼鏡,其具有低於200psi之模數及設計矢狀深度100微米內的實際矢狀深度。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中該所述的第二水凝膠鏡片組成物是計量作為一圍繞該第一水凝膠鏡片組成物之環。
- 如申請專利範圍第2項之方法,其中基弧模進一步在實質上當該第一及第二水凝膠鏡片組成物合併時的時間被放置於該前隱形眼鏡模部件上。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中該第一水凝膠鏡片組成物包含一第一隱形眼鏡單體、一光致變色材料以及一第一均衡單體;且所述的第二水凝膠鏡片組成物包含一隱形眼鏡單體及一第二均衡單體,俾使得所述的第一均衡單體及所述的第二均衡單體之內含物造成所述的第一水凝膠鏡片組成物與第二水凝膠鏡片組成物之膨脹係數實質上相似。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中該第一組成物包含一黏度,其係大於所述的第二鏡片組成物之黏度至少1000cp。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中該所述的光致變色材料包含至少一可聚合基團。
- 如申請專利範圍第6項之方法,其中該可聚合基團之一者為一甲基丙烯酸酯基團。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中該光致變色材料係選自於由以下所組成的群組:一苯并及萘并吡喃,其具有選自於由1、2、3及4以下所組成的群組的一般結構之一者, 且其中R3及R4並未結合形成一螺雜環基團。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中該水凝膠隱形眼鏡以光輻射固化。
- 一種水凝膠隱形眼鏡,其包含:一本體,具有一前表面弧及一基表面弧,其中所述的前表面弧具有一瞳孔區域及一外區域,且所述的瞳孔區域為光致變色性,且與所述的外區域為同中心,其中所述的水凝膠隱形眼鏡包含一在設計矢狀深度之100微米範圍內的中心矢狀深度;且由各水凝膠單體混合物形成之聚合物的澎脹係數為約10%以內。
- 如申請專利範圍第10項之隱形眼鏡,其中該瞳孔區域包括一瞳孔單體組成物且該外區域包括一實質上透明單體組成物,其中該瞳孔單體組成物包含一光致變色染料且具 有一較高黏度,其係高於該透明單體組成物至少1000cp。
- 如申請專利範圍第10項之隱形眼鏡,其中所述的瞳孔區域之直徑為9mm或以下。
- 如申請專利範圍第10項之隱形眼鏡,其中所述的瞳孔區域具有在4和7mm之間的直徑。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中該隱形眼鏡具有低於150psi之模數。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中該隱形眼鏡具有低於100psi之模數。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中該隱形眼鏡具有大於50巴勒(barrers)之透氧率。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中該隱形眼鏡具有大於100巴勒(barrers)之透氧率。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中該隱形眼鏡具有界於20及75%之間的水含量。
- 一種製造光致變色水凝膠隱形眼鏡之方法,其包含:將第一水凝膠鏡片組成物計量放入前隱形眼鏡模部件,其中該第一水凝膠鏡片組成物包含至少一隱形眼鏡單體以及光致變色材料; 將第二水凝膠鏡片組成物計量放入位於該第一水凝膠鏡片組成物上方之所述的隱形眼鏡模部件,其中所述的第一水凝膠鏡片組成物具有大於所述的第二水凝膠鏡片組成物之黏度的黏度;將第二模部件置於鄰近該前隱形眼鏡模部件,藉此形成鏡片模穴,具有該第一水凝膠鏡片組成物及該第二水凝膠鏡片組成物於該鏡片模穴之內,以及固化所述的第一及第二水凝膠鏡片組成物,以形成所述的水凝膠隱形眼鏡,其具有界於20及75%之間的水含量及設計矢狀深度100微米內的實際矢狀深度,其中該第一及第二水凝膠鏡片組成物固化時具有彼此間10%以內之水含量。
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