TWI511967B - 醯胺化合物之結晶 - Google Patents
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D413/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D413/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing three or more hetero rings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/535—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with at least one nitrogen and one oxygen as the ring hetero atoms, e.g. 1,2-oxazines
- A61K31/5375—1,4-Oxazines, e.g. morpholine
- A61K31/5377—1,4-Oxazines, e.g. morpholine not condensed and containing further heterocyclic rings, e.g. timolol
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P13/00—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system
- A61P13/12—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system of the kidneys
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
- A61P9/12—Antihypertensives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
- C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
- C07D401/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D413/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D413/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
- C07D413/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Plural Heterocyclic Compounds (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
Description
本發明係關於具有優異的腎素抑制活性,可做為高血壓及由高血壓引起之各種器官障礙等之預防或治療劑之醯胺化合物之結晶。
在專利文獻1(WO2009/154300)中記載具有腎素抑制活性,可做為高血壓及由高血壓引起之各種器官障礙等之預防或治療劑之1-(4-甲氧基丁基)-N-(2-甲基丙基)-N-[(3S,5R)-5-(嗎啉-4-基羰基)哌啶-3-基]-1H-苯并咪唑-2-甲醯胺鹽酸鹽。
[專利文獻1]國際公開編號2009/154300說明書
在有效性及安全性上優異之高血壓或由高血壓引起之各種器官障礙等之預防或治療劑為眾所期望。本發明之目的為提供可做為高血壓及由高血壓引起之各種器官障礙等之預防或治療劑之1-(4-甲氧基丁基)-N-(2-甲基丙基)-N-[(3S,5R)-5-(嗎啉-4-基羰基)哌啶-3-基]-1H-苯并咪唑-2-甲醯胺鹽酸鹽之新穎結晶。
本發明者深入探索之結果,成功地將1-(4-甲氧基丁基)-N-(2-甲基丙基)-N-[(3S,5R)-5-(嗎啉-4-基羰基)哌啶-3-基]-1H-苯并咪唑-2-甲醯胺鹽酸鹽做成吸濕性低且熔點高之安定結晶,並發現該結晶可充分滿足做為醫藥之用途,基於此等認知,而完成本發明。
亦即,本發明係關於:
(1)一種1-(4-甲氧基丁基)-N-(2-甲基丙基)-N-[(3S,5R)-5-(嗎啉-4-基羰基)哌啶-3-基]-1H-苯并咪唑-2-甲醯胺鹽酸鹽之結晶(以下,有時簡稱為本發明之結晶),其所具有之粉末X光繞射圖譜中,在粉末X光繞射之格子面間隔為26.43±0.2、7.62±0.2及4.32±0.2(埃)附近出現特徵性尖峰;
(2)一種1-(4-甲氧基丁基)-N-(2-甲基丙基)-N-[(3S,5R)-5-(嗎啉-4-基羰基)哌啶-3-基]-1H-苯并咪唑-2-甲醯胺鹽酸鹽之結晶(以下,有時簡稱為B型結晶),其所具有之粉末X光繞射圖譜中,在粉末X光繞射之格子面間隔為26.43±0.2、7.62±0.2、4.32±0.2、3.08±0.2、2.59±0.2及2.33±0.2附近出現特徵性尖峰;
(3)一種醫藥,含有上述(1)或(2)記載之結晶而成;
(4)上述(3)記載之醫藥為腎素抑制劑;
(5)上述(3)記載之醫藥為循環系統疾病之預防或治療劑;
(6)上述(3)記載之醫藥為高血壓及/或由高血壓引起之各種器官障礙之預防或治療劑;
(7)上述(3)記載之醫藥為腎疾病之預防或治療劑;
(8)一種哺乳動物中之循環系統疾病之預防或治療方法,包含將上述(1)或(2)所記載之結晶之有效量投與至該哺乳動物;
(9)一種哺乳動物中之高血壓及/或由高血壓引起之各種器官障礙之預防或治療方法,包含將上述(1)或(2)所記載之結晶之有效量投與至該哺乳動物;
(10)一種哺乳動物中之腎疾病之預防或治療方法,包含將上述(1)或(2)所記載之結晶之有效量投與至該哺乳動物;
(11)一種上述(1)或(2)記載之結晶之用途,係使用該結晶於製造循環系統疾病之預防或治療劑;
(12)一種上述(1)或(2)記載之結晶之用途,係使用該結晶於製造高血壓及/或由高血壓引起之各種器官障礙之預防或治療劑;
(13)一種上述(1)或(2)記載之結晶之用途,係使用該結晶於製造腎疾病之預防或治療劑;
(14)上述(1)或(2)記載之結晶,其係用於循環系統疾病之預防或治療;
(15)上述(1)或(2)記載之結晶,其係用於高血壓及/或由高血壓引起之各種器官障礙之預防或治療;
(16)上述(1)或(2)記載之結晶,其係用於腎疾病之預防或治療。
本發明之結晶(例如,上述B型結晶),由於具有優異的腎素抑制作用、降血壓作用以及對於高血壓引起之各種器官障礙之器官保護作用等,而且毒性低,所以在做為醫藥品上有用。
本發明之結晶可為1-(4-甲氧基丁基)-N-(2-甲基丙基)-N-[(3S,5R)-5-(嗎啉-4-基羰基)哌啶-3-基]-1H-苯并咪唑-2-甲醯胺鹽酸鹽(以下,有時簡稱為「醯胺化合物」)之水合物結晶、非水合物結晶、水合物以外之溶劑合物結晶、或非溶劑合物結晶。
就上述「水合物」而言,可列舉0.5水合物至5水合物。其中,以0.5水合物、1.0水合物、1.5水合物、2.0水合物、2.5水合物為較佳。以0.5水合物、1.0水合物、1.5水合物為特佳。
本發明之結晶可為氘變換體。
本發明之結晶可用同位素(例如3
H、14
C、35
S、125
I等)標識。
就醯胺化合物之溶劑合物結晶而言,可列舉如甲醇合物結晶、乙醇合物結晶等醇合物結晶(以C1
-C6
醇合物結晶為較佳);附加有水及有機溶劑之有機溶劑‧水合物結晶(例如甲醇‧水合物、乙醇‧水合物等醇‧水合物結晶,以C1-6
醇‧水合物結晶為較佳)等。
本發明之結晶係藉由使非晶形之醯胺化合物或醯胺化合物之其他結晶進行結晶轉移而製造。所謂結晶轉移係超過某種溫度或壓力時結晶構造變化的現象。
就「結晶轉移法」而言,可列舉本身為公知之方法,例如從溶液之結晶化(例如濃縮法、除冷法、反應法(擴散法、電解法)、水熱育成法、熔劑法等)、從蒸氣之結晶化(例如,氣化法(封管法、氣流法)、氣相反應法、化學輸送法)、從熔融體之結晶化(常態凍結法(例如提升法、溫度梯度法、布里奇曼(Bridgman)法))、帶熔融法(區熔均化法、浮動區法)、特殊成長法(VLS法、液相外延法)、蒸散法(將結晶溶於溶劑中,過濾後於大氣條件下使溶劑蒸發)、漿液法(以使過剩固體殘留之方式將結晶添加至溶劑中製成懸浮液,於室溫或加熱或者冷卻下攪拌後,濾集固體)、減壓乾燥、搗碎、粉碎、加壓等。
為了得到本發明之結晶,在上述中以漿液法為特佳。尤其以使過剩固體殘留之方式將醯胺化合物之結晶添加至溶劑中製成懸浮液,攪拌後濾集固體之方法為較佳。就所用之溶劑而言,可列舉如芳香族烴類(例如苯、甲苯、二甲苯等)、鹵化烴類(例如二氯甲烷、氯仿等)、飽和烴類(例如己烷、庚烷、環己烷等)、醚類(例如乙醚、二異丙基醚、四氫呋喃、二噁烷等)、腈類(例如乙腈等)、酮類(例如丙酮等)、亞碸類(例如二甲基亞碸等)、醯胺類(例如N,N-二甲基甲醯胺等)、酯類(例如乙酸乙酯等)、醇類(例如甲醇、乙醇、2-丙醇等)、水等。此等溶劑,可單獨使用或者將二種上以適當比例(例如,1:1至1:100)混合使用。以醇類(例如2-丙醇等)、酮類(甲基乙基酮等)、酯類(例如乙酸乙酯等)為較佳;以酮類(例如甲基乙基酮等)為更佳。
溶劑之使用量,相對於1公克之醯胺化合物之結晶,通常為約5毫升至約65毫升,以約5毫升至約25毫升為較佳。
懸浮液,以於室溫或約30℃至約60℃攪拌為較佳,以於約30℃至約60℃攪拌為更佳。在本說明書中,室溫意指約15℃至約30℃。於約30℃至約60℃之攪拌時間通常為約30分鐘至約4小時,以約2小時至約4小時為較佳。冷卻溫度為室溫。於冷卻下之攪拌時間通常為約30分鐘至約24小時,以約30分鐘至約2小時為較佳。對於懸浮液中之結晶,可用過濾等本身公知之方法予以單離。過濾溫度為室溫,以約20℃至約30℃為較佳。
或者,可將懸浮液於約0至約10℃攪拌後,於約0至約10℃濾集結晶。
藉由將所得到之結晶用本身公知之方法乾燥,可得到本發明之結晶。乾燥可為減壓乾燥、或者可藉由通風來乾燥。乾燥溫度係以約60℃以下為較佳,以約45℃至約55℃為更佳。
對於本發明之結晶以外之結晶,可依照,例如,WO2009/154300說明書中所記載之方法或以其為基準之方法來製造。將在WO2009/154300說明書中所記載之醯胺化合物之結晶稱為A型結晶。
所得到之結晶之解析方法一般為藉由X光繞射之結晶解析方法。再者,就決定結晶方位之方法而言,亦可列舉如機械方法或光學方法(例如,FT-拉曼光譜、固體NMR光譜等)等。
藉由上述解析方法所得到之光譜之尖峰,其性質上必然會發生一定的測定誤差。光譜的尖峰數值在該誤差範圍中者亦被包含於本發明之結晶中。例如,在粉末X光繞射之格子面間隔(d)中之「±2」意指該誤差可被容許。
就本發明中之1-(4-甲氧基丁基)-N-(2-甲基丙基)-N-[(3S,5R)-5-(嗎啉-4-基羰基)哌啶-3-基]-1H-苯并咪唑-2-甲醯胺鹽酸鹽之結晶而言,可列舉所具有之粉末X光繞射圖譜中在粉末X光繞射之格子面間隔(d)為26.43±0.2、7.62±0.2及4.32±0.2處出現特徵性尖峰之結晶;以所具有之粉末X光繞射圖譜中在粉末X光繞射之格子面間隔(d)為26.43±0.2、7.62±0.2及4.32±0.2、3.08±0.2、2.59±0.2及2.33±0.2處出現特徵性尖峰之結晶(B型結晶)為較佳。
本發明之結晶,由於具有優異的腎素抑制作用、降壓作用等,且毒性低,所以在做為醫藥品上有用。而且,本發明之結晶由於吸濕性低且安定性高,所以處理容易,且可再現性良好地製造固體的醫藥組成物。
本發明之結晶,對於哺乳動物(例如小鼠、大鼠、倉鼠、兔子、貓、狗、牛、羊、猴子、人等)而言,藉由做為腎素抑制藥之作用,可抑制血管緊張素II(AII)之生合成,在做為抑制腎素-血管緊張素系統(RA系統)之藥劑上有用,而可使用做為由RA系統所引起之各種疾病之安全的預防或治療劑。
同樣地,上述A型結晶、1-(4-甲氧基丁基)-N-(2-甲基丙基)-N-[(3S,5R)-5-(嗎啉-4-基羰基)哌啶-3-基]-1H-苯并咪唑-2-甲醯胺甲磺酸鹽(以下,稱為化合物X)、以及1-(4-甲氧基丁基)-N-(2-甲基丙基)-N-[(3S,5R)-5-(嗎啉-4-基羰基)哌啶-3-基]-1H-苯并咪唑-2-甲醯胺(以下,稱為化合物Y)亦可做為由RA系統所引起之各種疾病之安全的預防或治療劑。
就由RA系統所引起之各種疾病而言,可列舉如:高血壓(例如,本態性高血壓、腎血管性高血壓、腎實質性高血壓、原發性醛固酮症(primary aldosteronism)、庫辛氏症候群(Cushing syndrome)等)、血壓日內變動異常、心臟疾病(例如,心臟肥大、急性心衰竭、包含鬱血性之慢性心衰竭、擴張衰竭、心肌症、狹心症(心絞痛)、心肌炎、心房顫動、心律不整、心跳過速、心肌梗塞等)、腦血管障礙(例如,無症候性腦血管障礙、過渡性腦缺血發作、腦血管性癡呆、高血壓性腦症、腦梗塞等)、腦水腫、腦循環障礙、腦血管障礙之再發作及後遺症(例如,神經症候、精神症候、自覺症狀、日常生活動作障礙等)、缺血性末梢循環障礙、心肌缺血、靜脈功能衰竭、心肌梗塞後之進行性心臟衰竭、腎疾病(例如腎炎、絲球體腎炎、絲球體硬化症、腎衰竭、腎疾病(例如,腎炎、絲球體腎炎、絲球體硬化症、腎衰竭、腎病(nephrosis)症候群、血栓性微血管症、透析之併發症、包含由放射線照射所引起之腎病之器官障礙等)、包含粥樣斑性之動脈硬化症(例如,動脈瘤、冠狀動脈硬化症、腦動脈硬化症、末梢動脈硬化症等)、血管肥厚、侵入性處置(例如,經皮冠狀動脈形成術、支架留置、冠狀動脈內視鏡檢、血管內超音波、冠狀動脈灌注式血栓溶解療法等)後之血管肥厚或阻塞及器官障礙、繞道手術後之血管再阻塞‧再狹窄、移植後之紅血球增加症‧高血壓‧器官障礙‧血管肥厚、移植後之排斥反應、眼疾病(例如,青光眼、高眼壓症等)、血栓症、多重器官衰竭、內皮功能障礙、高血壓性耳鳴、其他循環器官疾病(例如,深部靜脈血栓症、阻塞性末梢循環障礙、阻塞性動脈硬化症、阻塞性血栓性血管炎、缺血性腦循環障礙、雷諾氏症(Reynaud’s disease)、柏格爾病(Buerger’s disease)等)、代謝‧營養障礙(例如,糖尿病、耐糖能力異常、胰島素抗性、高胰島素血症、糖尿病性腎病、糖尿病性視網膜症、糖尿病性神經障礙、肥胖症、高脂血症、高膽固醇血症、高尿酸血症、高鉀血症、高鈉血症等)、代謝症候群、非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(nonalcoholic steatohepatitis,NASH)、非酒精性脂肪性肝疾病(nonalcoholic fatty liver disease,NAFLD)、神經變性疾病(例如,阿茲海默症、帕金森氏症、賈庫氏症(Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease)、多發性硬化症、肌肉萎縮性側索硬化症、愛滋性腦病等)、中樞神經障礙(例如,腦出血及腦梗塞等障礙及其後遺症‧併發症、頭部外傷、脊椎損傷、腦水腫、知覺功能障礙、知覺功能異常、自主神經功能障礙、自主神經功能異常等)、認知症、偏頭痛、記憶障礙、意識障礙、健忘症、不安症狀、緊張症狀、不快精神狀態、睡眠障礙、失眠症、精神疾病(例如,憂鬱症、癲癇症、酒精成癮症等)、炎症性疾病(例如,慢性風濕性關節炎、變形性關節炎、風濕性脊髓炎、骨膜炎等關節炎;手術.外傷後之炎症;腫脹之緩解;咽頭炎;膀胱炎;肺炎;異位性皮膚炎;克隆氏症(Crohn’s disease)、潰瘍性大腸炎等炎症性腸疾病;髓膜炎;炎症性眼疾病;肺炎、矽肺、肺類肉瘤、肺結核等炎症性肺疾病等)、過敏性疾病(例如,過敏性鼻炎、結膜炎、消化道過敏、花粉症、無防禦性過敏(anaphylaxy等)、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、間質性肺炎、卡氏肺囊蟲肺炎(carinii pneumonia)、膠原病(例如,全身性紅斑性狼瘡、硬皮症、多發性動脈炎等)、肝臟疾病(例如,包含慢性之肝炎、肝硬化等)、門脈壓亢進症、消化器官疾病(例如,胃炎、胃潰瘍、胃癌、胃手術後障礙、消化不良、食道潰瘍、胰臟炎、大腸息肉、膽結石症、痔疾病、食道或胃的靜脈瘤破裂等)、血液.造血器官疾病(例如紅血球增加症、血管性紫斑病、自體免疫性溶血性貧血、散播性血管內凝固症候群、多發性骨髓症等)、骨疾病(例如骨折、再度骨折、骨質疏鬆症、骨軟化症、骨柏哲氏症(bone Peget’s disease)、僵直性脊髓炎、慢性風濕性關節炎、變形性膝關節炎及此等類似疾病中之關節組織之破壞等)、固體腫瘤、腫瘤(例如惡性黑色素瘤、惡性淋巴瘤、消化器官(例如胃、腸等)癌等)、癌以及伴隨其之惡病體質、癌之轉移、內分泌疾病(例如愛迪生病(addison’s disease)、褐色細胞腫瘤等)、泌尿器官.男性性器疾病(例如,膀胱炎、前列腺肥大症、前列腺癌、性感染症等)、婦科疾病(例如,更年期障礙、妊娠中毒、子宮內膜症、子宮肌瘤、卵巢疾病、乳腺疾病、性感染症等)、由環境‧職業性因子引起之疾病(例如,放射線障礙、紫外線‧紅外線‧雷射光所引起之障礙、高山病等)、呼吸器官疾病(例如,感冒症候群、肺炎、氣喘、肺高血壓、肺血栓‧肺栓塞等)、感染症(例如巨細胞病毒、流行性感冒病毒、疱疹病毒等病毒感染症;立克次氏體感染症;細菌感染症等)、毒血症(例如,敗血症、敗血症性休克、內毒素性休克、革蘭氏陰性敗血症、毒素休克症候群等)、耳鼻咽喉疾病(例如,梅尼爾氏症(Meniere’s syndrome)、耳鳴、味覺障礙、頭暈、平衡障礙、吞嚥障礙等)、皮膚疾病(例如,瘢痕疙瘩、血管瘤、乾癬等)、眼疾病(例如白內障、青光眼等)、透析低血壓、重症肌無力症、慢性疲勞症候群等全身性疾病等。
就由RA系統引起之各種疾病而言,亦包含:循環器官疾病、由高血壓引起之各種器官障礙。
循環系統疾病包含,例如,高血壓、血壓日內變動異常、心臟疾病、腦血管障礙、腦水腫、腦循環障礙、腦血管障礙之再發作及後遺症、缺血性末梢循環障礙、心肌缺血、靜脈功能衰竭、心肌梗塞後之進行性心臟衰竭、腎疾病、包含粥樣斑性之動脈硬化症、血管肥厚、侵入性處置後之血管肥厚或阻塞及器官障礙、繞道手術後之血管再阻塞‧再狹窄、移植後之高血壓‧器官障礙‧血管肥厚、血栓症、多重器官衰竭、內皮功能障礙、高血壓性耳鳴、偏頭痛、血液‧造血器官疾病、透析低血壓等。
高血壓所引起之各種器官障礙包含,例如,心臟疾病、腦疾病、腎疾病、多重器官衰竭等。
本發明之結晶為毒性低,以其原樣或依照本身公知之方法(例如,日本藥局方16修正版記載之方法等),與藥理學上容許的載劑混合而成之醫藥組成物,可以例如,錠劑(包含糖衣錠、膜衣錠、舌下錠、口腔內崩散錠、舌下含錠等)、丸劑、散劑、顆粒劑、膠囊劑(包含軟膠囊劑、微膠囊劑)、糖錠(troche)劑、糖漿劑、液劑、乳劑、懸浮劑、控釋製劑(例如速釋性製劑、緩釋性製劑、緩釋性微膠囊劑)、氣溶膠劑、成膜劑(例如,口腔內崩散薄膜、口腔黏膜貼附膜)、注射劑(例如,皮下注射劑、靜脈內注射劑、肌肉內注射劑、腹腔內注射劑)、點滴劑、經皮吸收型製劑、軟膏劑、洗劑、貼附劑、栓劑(例如肛門栓劑、陰道栓劑)、粒劑(pellet)、經鼻劑、經肺劑(吸入劑)、點眼劑等劑型,經口或非經口安全地投與(例如,投與至靜脈內、肌肉內、皮下、器官內、鼻腔內、皮內、點眼、腦內、直腸內、陰道內、腹腔內、腫瘤內部、腫瘤附近等處以及直接投與至病灶)。
本發明結晶在醫藥組成物中之投與量為組成物總量之約0.01至100重量%。該投與量雖視投與對象、投與途徑、疾病等而異,但例如做為腎素抑制劑而經口投與至罹患高血壓的成人患者(體重:60公斤)中時,以有效成分計,為約1至約500毫克/日,以約5至約250毫克/日為較佳,以約5至約100毫克/日為更佳。本發明之結晶,可每日投與1次或分成2至3次投與。
就製造本發明之醫藥組成物時所用之藥理學上容許的載劑而言,可列舉習用做製劑原料之各種有機或無機載劑物質,例如固體製劑中之賦形劑、潤滑劑、黏合劑、崩散劑、水溶性高分子;在液狀製劑中之溶劑、溶解輔助劑、懸浮化劑、等張化劑、緩衝劑、無痛化劑等。又,需要時,可使用通常的防腐劑、抗氧化劑、著色劑、甜味劑、酸味劑、發泡劑、香料等添加物。
就「賦形劑」而言,可列舉如:乳糖、白糖、D-甘露醇、澱粉、玉米澱粉、結晶纖維素、輕質無水矽酸、氧化鈦等。
就「潤滑劑」而言,可列舉如:硬脂酸鎂、蔗糖脂肪酸酯、聚乙二醇、滑石、硬脂酸等。
就「黏合劑」而言,可列舉如:羥丙基纖維素、羥丙基甲基纖維素、結晶纖維素、α-澱粉、聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮、阿拉伯膠粉末、明膠、普魯蘭糖、低取代度羥丙基纖維素等。
就「崩散劑」而言,可列舉(1)交聯聚維酮(crospovidone);(2)交聯羧甲基纖維素鈉(FMC-旭化成)、羧甲基纖維素鈣(五德藥品)等被稱為超崩散劑之崩散劑;(3)羧甲基澱粉鈉(例如,松谷化學股份公司);(4)低取代度羥丙基纖維素(例如,信越化學股份公司);(5)玉米澱粉等。就「交聚維酮」而言,亦包含被稱為聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮(PVPP)、1-乙烯基-2-吡咯烷酮同元聚合物者,可為具有所謂「1-乙烯基-2-吡咯烷酮同元聚合物」之化學名之經交聯聚合物之任一者,其具體例為:可利酮CL(Kollidone CL)(BAS公司)、聚普拉酮XL(Polyplasdone XL)(ISP公司)、聚普拉酮XL-10(Polyplasdone XL-10)(ISP公司)、聚普拉酮INF-10(Polyplasdone INF-10)(ISP公司)。
就「水溶性高分子」而言,可列舉如可溶於乙醇之水溶性高分子[例如,羥丙基纖維素(以下,有時記載為「HPC」)等纖維素衍生物、聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮等];不溶於乙醇之水溶性高分子[例如,羥丙基甲基纖維素(以下,有時記載為「HPMC」)、甲基纖維素、羧甲基纖維素鈉等纖維素衍生物、聚丙烯酸鈉、聚乙烯醇、海藻酸鈉、瓜爾膠等]等。
就「溶劑」而言,可列舉如注射用水、醇、丙二醇、聚乙二醇(macrogol)、芝麻油、玉米油、橄欖油等。
就「溶解輔助劑」而言,可列舉如聚乙二醇、丙二醇、D-甘露醇、苯甲酸苯甲酯、乙醇、參胺基甲烷、膽固醇、三乙醇胺、碳酸鈉、檸檬酸鈉等。
就「懸浮化劑」而言,可列舉如硬脂基三乙醇胺、硫酸月桂酯鈉、月桂胺基丙酸、卵磷脂、氯化苯甲烴銨、(benzalchonium chloride)、氯化苄乙氧胺(benzethonium chloride)、甘油單硬脂酸酯等界面活性劑;例如聚乙烯醇、聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮、羧甲基纖維素鈉、甲基纖維素、羥甲基纖維素、羥乙基纖維素、羥丙基纖維素等親水性高分子等。
就「等張化劑」而言,可列舉如葡萄糖、D-山梨醇、氯化鈉、甘油、D-甘露醇等。
就「緩衝劑」而言,可列舉如磷酸鹽、乙酸鹽、碳酸鹽、檸檬酸鹽等緩衝液等。
就「無痛化劑」而言,可列舉如苯甲醇等。
就「防腐劑」而言,可列舉如對羥基苯甲酸酯類、氯丁醇、苯甲醇、苯乙醇、脫氫乙酸、山梨酸等。
就「抗氧化劑」而言,可列舉如亞硫酸鹽、抗壞血酸、α-生育酚等。
就「著色劑」而言,可列舉如食用黃色5號、食用紅色2號、食用藍色2號等食用色素;食用色澱色素、氧化鐵紅等。
就「甜味劑」而言,可列舉如糖精鈉、甘草酸二鉀、阿斯巴甜、甜菊、奇異果甜蛋白(thaumatin)等。
就「酸味劑」而言,可列舉如檸檬酸(無水檸檬酸)、酒石酸、蘋果酸等。
就「發泡劑」而言,可列舉如碳酸氫鈉等。
就「香料」而言,可為合成物及天然物之任一者,可列舉如檸檬、萊姆、橘子、薄荷、草莓等。
對於本發明之結晶,可依照本身公知之方法,添加例如賦形劑、崩散劑、黏合劑或潤滑劑等並壓縮成形,接著如需要遮味、賦予腸溶性或持續性的目的,可用本身公知之方法加被覆層而製成經口投與製劑。就「腸溶性被覆層」而言,可列舉如纖維素乙酸酯酞酸酯(CAP)、羥丙基甲基纖維素酞酸酯、羥甲基纖維素乙酸酯琥珀酸酯、甲基丙烯酸共聚物[例如,尤特奇(Eudragit)L30D-55(商品名;雷姆(Lehm)公司)、寇利衣(Kollicoat)MAE30DP(商品名;BASF公司)、聚奎德(Polyquid)PA30(商品名;三洋化成公司)等]、羧甲基乙基纖維素、蟲膠等水系腸溶性高分子基劑;甲基丙烯酸共聚物[例如,尤特奇(Eudragit)NE30D(商品名)、尤特奇(Eudragit)RL30D(商品名)、尤特奇(Eudragit)RS30D(商品名)等]等緩釋性基劑;水溶性高分子;檸檬酸三乙酯、聚乙二醇、乙醯化單甘油酸酯、甘油三乙酸酯、蓖麻子油等可塑劑等之一種或二種以上混合而成者。
對於本發明之結晶,可依照例如WO2006-132440說明書中記載之方法而將其製劑化成錠劑等固體製劑。
本發明之結晶、A型結晶、化合物X及化合物Y可以與其他藥物併用之方式來使用。就可與本發明之結晶、A型結晶、化合物X及化合物Y併用之藥物(以下,簡稱為「併用藥物」而言,例如可使用如下述者。
血管緊張素轉換酵素抑制劑(例如卡托普利(captoril)、馬來酸依那普利(enalapril maleate)、阿拉普利(Alacepril)、鹽酸地拉普利(delapril HCl)、鹽酸咪達普利(imidapril HCl)、鹽酸喹那普利(quinapril HCl)、西拉普利(Cilazapril)、鹽酸替莫普利(temocapril HCl)、群多普利(trandolapril)、鹽酸苯那普利(benazepril HCl)、培吲普利(Perindopril)、賴諾普利(lisinopril)、雷米普利(ramipril)等)、血管緊張素II拮抗劑(例如,坎地沙坦西酯(candesartan cilexetil)、坎地沙坦(candesartan)、氯沙坦(losartan)、氯沙坦鉀、依普羅沙坦(eprosartan)、纈沙坦(valsartan)、替米沙坦(telmisartan)、厄貝沙坦(irbesartan)、他索沙坦(tasosartan)、奧美沙坦(olmesartan)、奧美沙坦酯(olmesartan medoxomil)、阿齊沙坦(azilsartan)、阿齊沙坦酯(azilsartan medoxomil)等)、醛固酮受體拮抗藥(螺內酯(spironolactone)、依普利酮(eplerenone)等)、鈣拮抗劑(例如,鹽酸維拉帕米(verapamil HCl)、鹽酸硫氮呯酮(diltiazem HCl)、硝苯地平(nifedipine)、苯甲酸胺氯地平(amlodipine benzoate)、阿折地平(azelnidipine)、阿雷地平(aranidipine)、鹽酸依福地平(efonidipine HCl)、西尼地平(cilnidipine)、鹽酸尼卡地平(nicardipine HCl)、尼索地平(nisordipine)、尼群地平(nitrendipine)、尼伐地平(nilvadipine)、鹽酸巴尼地平(barnidipine HCl)、非洛地平(felodipine)、鹽酸貝尼地平(benidipine HCl)、鹽酸馬尼地平(manidipine HCl)等)、β-封阻劑(例如,酒石酸美托洛爾(metoprolol tartrate)、阿替洛爾(atenolol)、鹽酸普萘洛爾(propranolol HCl)、富馬酸比索洛爾(bisoprolol fumarate)等)、αβ-封阻劑(卡菲蒂羅(carvedilol)等)、氯壓定(clonidine)、利尿劑(水楊酸鈉可可鹼、水楊酸鈣可可鹼、乙噻嗪(ethiazide)、環戊噻嗪(cyclopenthiazide)、三氯甲噻嗪(trichlormethiazide)、氫氯噻嗪(hydrochlorothiazide)、氫氟甲噻嗪(hydroflumethiazide)、戊氫氯噻嗪(pentylhydrochlorothiazide)、戊氟噻嗪(penfluthiazide)、多噻嗪(polythiazide)、甲氯噻嗪(methyclothiazide)、乙醯唑胺(acetazolamide)、胺磺異吲苯醯胺(tripamide)、美替克(meticrane)、氯噻酮(chlortalidone)、美呋西特(mefruside)、吲達帕胺(indapamide)、阿佐塞米(azosemide)、異山梨醇酯(isosorbide)、2-乙基丙烯酸(ethacrylicacid)、吡咯他尼(piretanide)、布美他尼(bumetanide)、來適泄(furosemide)等)等。
血液凝固阻止藥(例如,肝素鈉(heparin sodium)、肝素鈣、苄丙酮香豆素鈉(warfarin sodium)等)、抗凝血酶藥(例如阿戈托班(argatroban)、達比加群酯(dabigatran)等)、活化血液凝固第Xa因子抑制藥及具有凝固纖溶系統平衡之校正功能之藥劑(例如,利伐沙班(rivaroxaban)、阿哌沙班(apixaban)、伊多塞班(edoxaban)、YM-150;在WO02/06234、WO2004/048363、WO2005/030740、WO2005/058823、WO2005/113504或WO2004/048363中記載之化合物等)等)、血栓溶解藥(例如tPA、脲激酶(urokinase)、替索激酶(tisokinase)、阿替普酶(alteplase)、那替普酶(nateplase)、孟替普酶(monteplase)、帕米普酶(pamiteplase))、抗血小板藥(例如,阿司匹靈(aspirin)、磺吡酮(sulfinpyrazone)(Anturane)、雙嘧達莫(dipyridamole)(Persantin)、鹽酸噻氯匹定(ticlopidine HCl)(Panaldine)、西洛他唑(cilostazol)(Pletal)、GPIIb/IIIa拮抗藥(例如,阿昔單抗(Reo-Pro)等)、氯吡多(clopidogrel)、普拉格雷(prasugrel)、替卡格雷(ticagrelor)、E5555、SHC530348、二十碳五烯酸乙酯(ethyl eicosapentaenoate)、貝拉普羅鈉(beraprost sodium)、鹽酸沙格雷酯(sarpogrelate HCl)等)等。
胰島素製劑(例如,從牛、豬之胰臟萃取出之動物胰島素製劑;使用大腸菌、酵母菌以遺傳工程的方法合成的胰島素製劑;胰島素鋅;魚精蛋白胰島素鋅;胰島素之片段或衍生物(例如,INS-1);經口胰島素製劑等)、胰島素抗性改善劑(例如皮利酮(pioglitazone)或其鹽(以鹽酸鹽為較佳)、羅格列酮(rosiglitazone)或其鹽(以鹽酸鹽為較佳)、麥格列新(metaglidasen)、AMG-131、巴拉格列酮(balaglitazone)、MBX-2044、利佛格列酮(rivoglitazone)、阿格列札(aleglitazar)、西格列他(chiglitazar)、洛貝格列酮(lobeglitazone)、PLX-204、PN-2034、GFT-505、THR-0921、WO2007/013694、WO2007/018314、WO2008/093639或WO2008/099794記載之化合物等)、α-葡萄糖酶抑制劑(例如,伏格列波糖(voglibose)、阿卡波糖(acarbose)、米格列醇(miglitol)、乙格列酯(emiglitate)等)、雙胍劑(例如,苯乙雙胍(phenformine)、二甲雙胍(metformine)、丁基雙胍(buformine)或者此等之鹽(例如鹽酸鹽、富馬酸鹽、琥珀酸鹽等)、胰島素分泌促進劑(例如,磺脲(sulfonylurea)劑(例如,甲苯磺丁脲(tolbutamide)、格列本脲(glibenclamide)、格列齊特(gliclazide)、氯磺丙脲(chlorpropamide)、妥拉磺脲(tolazamide)、乙醯苯磺醯環己脲(acetohexamide)、格列吡脲(glyclopyramide)、格列美脲(glimepiride)、格列吡嗪(glipizide)、格列丁唑(glybuzole)等)、瑞格列奈(repaglinide)、那格列奈(nateglinide)、米格列奈(mitiglinide)或其鈣鹽水合物等)、二肽基肽酶IV抑制劑(例如,阿洛利停(alogliptin)或其鹽(以苯甲酸鹽為較佳)、維格列汀(vildagliptin)、西他列汀(sitagliptin)、沙格列汀(saxagliptin)、BI1356、GRC8200、MP-513、PF-00734200、PHX1149、SK-0403、ALS2-0426、TA-6666、TS-021、KRP-104、2-[[6-[(3R)-3-胺基-1-哌啶基]-3,4-二氫-3-甲基-2,4-二酮基-1(2H)-嘧啶基]甲基]-4-氟苯甲腈或其鹽)、β3
促效劑(例如,N-5984)、GPR40促效劑(例如,WO2004/041266、WO2004/106276、WO2005/063729、WO2005/063725、WO2005/087710、WO2005/095338、WO2007/013689或WO2008/001931記載之化合物等)、GLP-1受體促效劑(例如,GLP-1、GLP-1MR劑、利拉魯肽(liraglutide)、艾塞那肽(exenatide)、AVE-0010、BIM-51077、Aib(8,35)hGLP-1(7,37)NH2
、CJC-1131、阿必魯泰(albiglutide)、澱粉素(amylin)促效劑(例如,普蘭林肽(pramlintide)等)、磷醯酪胺酸磷酸酶抑制劑(例如,釩酸鈉等)、糖新生抑制劑(例如,肝醣磷酸化酶抑制劑、葡萄糖-6-磷酸酶抑制劑、升糖素(glucagon)拮抗劑、FBPase抑制藥等)、SGLT2(鈉-葡萄糖協同轉運蛋白2)抑制劑(例如,戴格列新(depagliflozin)、AVE2268、TS-033、YM543、TA-7284、萊格列新(remogliflozin)、ASP1941等)、SGLT1抑制藥、11β-羥基類固醇脫氫酶抑制藥(例如,BVT-3498、INCB-13739等)、脂聯素(adiponectin)或其促效劑(agonist)、IKK抑制藥(例如AS-2868等)、瘦體素(leptin)抗性改善藥、體抑素(somatostatin)受體促效劑、葡萄糖激酶活化劑(例如,皮拉格亭(piragliatin)、AZD1656、AZD6370、TTP-355;WO2006/112549、W2007/028135、WO2008/047821、WO2008/050821、WO2008/136428或WO2008/156757記載之化合物等)、GIP(葡萄糖-依存性促胰島素肽)、GPR119促效劑(例如,PSN821等)、FGF21、FGF類似物等。
醛糖還原酵素抑制劑(例如,托瑞司他(tolrestat)、依帕司他(epalrestat)、唑泊司他(zopolrestat)、非達司他(fidarestat)、CT-112、雷尼司他(ranirestat)(AS-3201)、利多司他(lidorestat)等)、神經營養因子及其增加藥(例如,NGF、NT-3、BDNF、在WO01/14372中記載之神經營養因子產生及分泌促進劑(例如,4-(4-氯苯基)-2-(2-甲基-1-咪唑基)-5-[3-(2-甲基苯氧基)丙基]噁唑等)、WO2004/039365記載之化合物等)、PKC抑制劑(例如,魯伯斯塔(ruboxistaurin)、甲磺酸魯伯斯塔(ruboxistaurin mesylate)等)、AGE抑制劑(例如,ALT946、溴化N-苯甲醯甲基噻唑鎓(ALT766)、EXO-226、吡哆林(pyridorin)、吡哆胺(pyridoxamine)等)、GABA受體促效藥(例如,加巴噴丁(gabapentin)、普瑞巴林(pregabalin)等)、血清素(serotonin)‧新腎上腺素再攝取抑制藥(例如,度洛西汀(duroxetine)等)、鈉通道抑制劑(例如,拉科醯胺(lacosamide)等)、活性氧除去藥(例如,硫辛酸(thioctic acid)等)、腦血管擴張劑(例如,硫必利(tiapride)、美西律(mexiletine)等)、體抑素(somatostatin)受體促效劑(例如,BIM23190等)、細胞凋亡訊號調節激酶-1(ASK-1)抑制藥。
HMG-CoA還原酵素抑制劑(例如,普伐他汀(plavastatin)、辛伐他汀(simvastatin)、洛伐他汀(lovastatin)、阿伐他汀(atorvastatin)、氟伐他汀(fluvastatin)、瑞舒伐他汀(rosvastatin)、匹伐他汀(pitavastatin)或此等之鹽(例如,鈉鹽、鈣鹽等)等)、角鯊烯合成效素抑制劑(例如,在WO97/10224中記載之化合物,例如,N-[[(3R,5S)-1-(3-乙醯氧基-2,2-二甲基丙基)-7-氯-5-(2,3-二甲氧基苯基)-2-側氧基-1,2,3,5-四氫-4,1-苯并氧呯-3-基]乙醯基]哌啶-4-乙酸等)、纖維酸(fibrate)系化合物(例如苯扎貝特(benzafibrate)、氯貝丁酯(clofibrate)、雙貝特(simfibrate)、克利貝特(clinofibrate)等)、陰離子交換樹脂(例如,膽苯烯胺(cholestyramine)等)、丙丁酚(probucol)、菸鹼酸系藥劑(例如,菸鹼酸環己醇酯(nicomol)、菸鹼酸戊四醇酯(niceritrol)、控釋菸鹼酸(niaspan)等)、二十碳五烯酸乙酯(ethyl eicosapentaenoate)、植物固醇(例如,黃豆固醇(soysterol)、γ-穀維素(γ-oryzanol)等)、膽固醇吸收抑制劑(例如,艾澤庭(Zetia)、CETP抑制劑(例如,達塞曲匹(dalcetrapib)、阿那曲匹(anacetrapib)等)、ω-3脂肪酸製劑(例如,ω-3-酸乙酯90等)等。
此外,可與包含骨疾病治療藥、心肌保護藥、冠狀動脈疾病治療藥、慢性心衰竭治療藥、甲狀腺功能低下治療藥、腎萎縮(nephrose)症候群治療藥、慢性腎衰竭治療藥、腎性貧血治療劑(例如,紅血球生成素(erythropoietin)製劑、派金沙肽(peginesatide)等)、婦科疾病治療藥或感染症治療藥之其他醫藥成分等一起使用。併用之藥劑可為抗體醫藥或核酸醫藥;再者,本發明之結晶、A型結晶、化合物X及化合物Y亦可使用於基因治療。
在配合或併用本發明結晶與併用藥物之本發明醫藥中,包含下列之任一者:(1)將含有本發明結晶及併用藥物之醫藥組成物單一地製劑化者及(2)將包含本發明結晶之醫藥組成物與併用藥物個別地製劑化者。以下,將此等總括簡稱為「本發明之併用劑」。
同樣地,在配合或併用A型結晶、化合物X及化合物Y與併用藥物之醫藥中,包含下列之任一者:(1)將含有A型結晶、化合物X及化合物Y與併用藥物之醫藥組成物單一地製劑化者及(2)將含有有A型結晶、化合物X及化合物Y之醫藥組成物與併用藥物個別地製劑化者。以下,將此等總括簡稱為「併用劑Z」。
對於本發明之併用劑及併用劑Z,可藉由與上述本發明之固體製劑同樣之方法,將本發明之結晶及併用藥物之有效成分,以其本身或與藥學上可容許的載劑混合後,分別或同時製劑化。
本發明之併用劑之一日投與量,雖然可隨症狀、人種、投與對象之年齡、性別、體重、投與形態、有效成分之種類等而異,但只要在沒有副作用問題之範圍內,將無特殊限定。本發明之併用劑之一日投與量,例如經口投與時,就本發明之結晶與併用藥物之合計投與量而言,通常,哺乳動物每公斤體重為約0.005至約100毫克,以約0.05至約50毫克為較佳,以約0.2至約4毫克為更佳,通常將其每日分成1至3次投與。
投與本發明之併用劑之時,雖然可將本發明之結晶與併用藥劑同時期投與,但也可先投與併用藥物後,投與本發明之結晶,或先投與本發明之結晶,然後投與併用藥物。投與有時間差時,時間差隨投與之有效成分、劑型、投與方法而異,可列舉如:在先投與併用藥物之情況,於投與併用藥物後1分鐘至3日內,較佳10分鐘至1日以內,更佳15分鐘至1小時以內投與本發明之結晶之方法。在先投與本發明之結晶之情況,可列舉:於投與本發明之結晶後1分鐘至1日以內,較佳10分鐘至6小時以內,更佳15分鐘至1小時以內投與併用藥物之方法。就投與併用劑Z之方法而言,亦可列舉同樣之方法。
在本發明之併用劑中,相對於全部併用劑本發明之結晶之含量,雖隨併用劑之形態而異,但通常為0.1重量%至65重量%,以0.3重量%至50重量%為較佳,以約0.5重量%至約20重量%為更佳。
以下,列舉參考例及實施例更詳細地說明本發明,但此等非限定本發明。
在以下之參考例及實施例中,所示之混合溶劑之比例,只要沒有特殊限定將表示容量比。%,只要沒有特殊限定將表示重量%。
A型結晶之粉末X光繞射,係使用X-光繞射測定儀(X-RAY DIFFRACTOMETER) RINT2000(理科企業有限公司(Rigaku))來測定;B型結晶之粉末X光繞射,係使用RINT2500 V(理科企業有限公司(Rigaku))來測定。
鹽酸含量,係使用離子層析儀(戴安(DIONEX)公司製)來測定。
再者,在參考例及實施例中之符號具有以下之意義。
s:單峰,d:雙峰,t:三峰,q:四峰,dd:雙重雙峰,dt:雙重三峰,m:多峰,br:寬峰,tt:三重三峰,J:偶合常數。
以WO2009/154300之參考例146記載之方法為基準,得到(3S,5R)-3-[{[1-(4-甲氧基丁基)-1H-苯并咪唑-2-基]羰基}(2-甲基丙基)胺基]-5-(嗎啉-4-基羰基)哌啶-1-羧酸第三丁酯。
將(3S,5R)-3-[{[1-(4-甲氧基丁基)-1H-苯并咪唑-2-基]羰基}(2-甲基丙基)胺基]-5-(嗎啉-4-基羰基)哌啶-1-羧酸第三丁酯溶於甲苯。將溶液加熱至溫度35至45℃,滴入庚烷,攪拌30分鐘以上。冷卻至溫度20至30℃並攪拌2小時。濾取析出的結晶,用甲苯-庚烷洗淨。於50℃減壓乾燥,得到(3S,5R)-3-[{[1-(4-甲氧基丁基)-1H-苯并咪唑-2-基]羰基}(2-甲基丙基)胺基]-5-(嗎啉-4-基羰基)哌啶-1-羧酸第三丁酯之結晶。
將(3S,5R)-3-[{[1-(4-甲氧基丁基)-1H-苯并咪唑-2-基]羰基}(2-甲基丙基)胺基]-5-(嗎啉-4-基羰基)哌啶-1-羧酸第三丁酯(300公克)懸浮溶解於3N-鹽酸水溶液(1200毫升)及乙酸乙酯(60毫升)中,於25至35℃攪拌3小時以上。反應終了後,於同溫添加乙酸乙酯(2400毫升)。添加後,於冷卻下添加25%氨水(600毫升)。添加攪拌後,在萃取出之有機層中添加5%氨水(600毫升)並攪拌。攪拌後,將所得到之有機層餾去溶劑至無溶劑程度而濃縮。濃縮後,用乙酸乙酯(1500毫升)溶解,將溶解液移至晶析容器中,並用乙酸乙酯(750毫升)洗淨。洗淨後,於攪拌下升溫至45至55℃。升溫後,於同溫滴入4N-氯化氫-乙酸乙酯(131.3毫升)。滴入後,於同溫溶解析出物。確認溶解後,於40至50℃添加庚烷(750毫升),添加後,冷卻至25至35℃。冷卻後,添加以WO2009/154300之實施例265中記載之方法為基準所得到之A型結晶之種晶(300毫克),並攪拌30分鐘以上。攪拌後,升溫至40至45℃,並滴入庚烷(1500毫升)。滴入終了後,於同溫攪拌。接著,慢慢冷卻至5℃以下,並於同溫攪拌1小時。攪拌後,過濾結晶,用乙酸乙酯-庚烷(1:1,600毫升)洗淨後,得到濕結晶。將所得到之濕結晶於50℃進行減壓乾燥,得到1-(4-甲氧基丁基)-N-(2-甲基丙基)-N-[(3S,5R)-5-(嗎啉-4-基羰基)哌啶-3-基]-1H-苯并咪唑-2-甲醯胺鹽酸鹽之結晶性粉末(A型結晶,198.82公克,產率74.1%)。
將1-(4-甲氧基丁基)-N-(2-甲基丙基)-N-[(3S,5R)-5-(嗎啉-4-基羰基)哌啶-3-基]-1H-苯并咪唑-2-甲醯胺甲磺酸鹽一水合物(1500公克)溶解於水(7500毫升)。在溶解液中添加預先調製之碳酸氫鈉水溶液(411公克NaHCO3
,7500毫升水)並攪拌。於攪拌下,添加乙酸乙酯(1500毫升)並攪拌。攪拌後,在萃取出的水層中添加乙酸乙酯(15000毫升)並攪拌。攪拌後,在再度萃取出的水層中添加乙酸乙酯(15000毫升)並攪拌。混合所得到之有機層並濃縮至約8公升。在濃縮液中添加乙酸乙酯(10000毫升),並濃縮至約8公升。將濃縮液靜置整夜,在靜置整夜的濃縮液中添加乙酸乙酯(10000毫升),並濃縮至約8公升。在濃縮液中添加乙酸乙酯(12500毫升),於攪拌下升溫至45至55℃。升溫後,滴入4N-氯化氫-乙酸乙酯(730毫升)。滴入後,溶解析出物。確認溶解後,添加庚烷(6000毫升),並冷卻至35至40℃。冷卻後,添加以參考例3中記載之方法為基準所得到之A型結晶之種晶(1.5公克),於同溫滴入庚烷(12800毫升)。滴入終了後,升溫至40至50℃並攪拌1小時以上。攪拌後,冷卻至20至30℃,並於同溫攪拌1小時以上。攪拌後,過濾結晶並用乙酸乙酯-庚烷(1:1,4600毫升)洗淨後,得到濕結晶。將所得到之濕結晶於50℃進行減壓乾燥,得到1-(4-甲氧基丁基)-N-(2-甲基丙基)-N-[(3S,5R)-5-(嗎啉-4-基羰基)哌啶-3-基]-1H-苯并咪唑-2-甲醯胺鹽酸鹽之結晶性粉末(A型結晶,1195公克,產率91.2%)。
將1-(4-甲氧基丁基)-N-(2-甲基丙基)-N-[(3S,5R)-5-(嗎啉-4-基羰基)哌啶-3-基]-1H-苯并咪唑-2-甲醯胺鹽酸鹽(A型結晶,190公克)懸浮於2-丙醇-乙酸乙酯(1:7.5,2153毫升)。接著,升溫至40至50℃並溶解。確認溶解後,滴入庚烷(1330毫升)。接著,添加以在WO2009/154300之實施例265中記載之方法為基準所得到之A型結晶之種晶(190毫克),並滴入庚烷(570毫升)。攪拌後,冷卻至25至30℃並攪拌1小時。攪拌後,升溫至40至50℃並攪拌1小時。攪拌後冷卻至20至25℃,並於同溫攪拌1小時。攪拌後,過濾結晶,用乙酸乙酯-庚烷(1:1,570毫升)洗淨後,得到濕結晶。將所得到之濕結晶在50℃減壓乾燥,得到結晶性粉末,其所具有之粉末X光繞射圖譜在粉末X光繞射之格子面間隔為17.18、12.27、8.73、7.13、4.76附近出現特徵性尖峰(A型結晶,155.7公克,產率81.9%)。將粉末X光繞射之測啶結果示於下表中。
鹽酸含量分析之結果,確認上述鹽酸鹽為一鹽酸鹽。
理論鹽酸含量6.8%,測定值6.8%。
1)在鄰-硝基苯胺(50.0公克,0.362莫耳)、溴化四丁基銨(58.3公克,0.181莫耳)、溴化鉀(43.1公克,0.362莫耳)中加入甲苯(500毫升)。於溫度20至30℃加入1-氯-4-甲氧基丁烷(66.6公克,0.543莫耳)及50w/v%氫氧化鈉水溶液(145毫升,1.81莫耳)。將反應液加熱至溫度85至95℃,並攪拌6小時。冷卻至溫度20至30℃後,將反應液用水(250毫升)、1N-鹽酸水溶液(250毫升x2)、5 w/v%w碳酸氫鈉水溶液(250毫升)、水(250毫升)依次洗淨。將有機層減壓濃縮至內容量(250毫升)後,添加甲苯(100毫升),得到N-(4-甲氧基丁基)-2-硝基苯胺之甲苯溶液(350毫升,產率100%)。
1
H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3
) δ 1.64-1.89(m,4H),3.25-3.39(m,2H),3.35(s,3H),3.44(t,J=6.1 Hz,2H),6.63(ddd,J=8.5,6.9,1.2 Hz,1H),6.86(dd,J=8.5,1.2 Hz,1H),7.43(ddd,J=8.5,6.9,1.5 Hz,1H),8.07(br s,1H),8.17(dd,J=8.5,1.5 Hz,1H).
2)在N-(4-甲氧基丁基)-2-硝基苯胺之甲苯溶液(350毫升)中加入10%Pd/C(K-型,含50%水者)(10.0公克)及甲苯(100毫升)。於氫壓0.1MPa、溫度20至30℃下攪拌3小時。於氮氣流下,過濾觸媒,用甲苯(100毫升)洗淨。分液除去濾液中之水分後,於溫度20至30℃添加硫酸鎂(25.0公克),並於同溫度攪拌30分鐘。過濾硫酸鎂,用甲苯(100毫升)洗淨,得到N-(4-甲氧基丁基)-鄰-苯二胺之甲苯溶液(產率100%)。
1
H NMR(500 MHz,CDCl3
) δ 1.67-1.78(m,4H),3.12-3.14(m,2H),3.32(br,3H),3.35(s,3H),3.41-3.47(m,2H),6.63-6.69(m,2H),6.69-6.74(m,1H),6.82(td,J=7.57,1.58 Hz,1H).
3)將N-(4-甲氧基丁基)-鄰-苯二胺之甲苯溶液冷卻至溫度0至10℃後,加入乙酸(65.2公克,1.09莫耳)及2,2,2,-三氯乙醯亞胺酸甲酯(70.3公克,0.398莫耳)。於溫度0至10℃攪拌30分鐘後,於溫度20至30℃攪拌3小時。將反應液用5w/v%食鹽水(250毫升)、2N-鹽酸水溶液/5w/v%食鹽水(1:1)之混合液(250毫升x 2)、5w/v%碳酸氫鈉水溶液(250毫升)、5w/v%食鹽水(250毫升)依次洗淨。於氮氣流下,於溫度20至30℃在有機層中添加硫酸鎂(25.0公克),並於同溫度攪拌30分鐘。過濾硫酸鎂,用甲苯(100毫升)洗淨。將濾液減壓濃縮,使內容量成為150毫升。於溫度20至30℃攪拌濃縮液,析出結晶後滴入庚烷(750毫升)。將晶出液加熱至溫度40至50℃,攪拌30分鐘後,冷卻至溫度0至10℃,並於同溫度攪拌2小時。濾取析出之結晶,用甲苯-庚烷(1:5,150毫升)洗淨。於40℃減壓乾燥,得到1-(4-甲氧基丁基)-2-三氯甲基-1H-苯并咪唑之微褐色結晶(96.5公克,從鄰-硝基苯胺算起之產率82.9%)。
1
H-NMR(300MHz,CDCl3
) δ: 1.68-1.85(m,2H),1.99-2.17(m,2H),3.37(s,3H),3.48(t,J=6.1 Hz,2H),4.50-4.65(m,2H),7.27-7.49(m,4H),7.82-7.93(m,1H).
C13
H15
Cl3
N2
O之元素分析,計算值:C,48.55;H,4.70;N,8.71;Cl,33.07。實測值:C,48.30;H,4.61;N,8.74;Cl,33.30。
4)在吡啶-3,5-二羧酸(110公克,0.66莫耳)、甲醇(660毫升)之混合物中,於溫度50℃以下滴入濃硫酸(226.0公克,2.30莫耳)。之後,加熱至溫度55至65℃並攪拌7小時。將反應液調至溫度40至50℃,並添加水(220毫升)。再者,於溫度40至50℃滴入5%氨水(約1.10公升),然後調整至pH8.0至8.5。於溫度40至50℃攪拌30分鐘後,冷卻至溫度0至10℃並攪拌1小時。濾取析出之結晶,用甲醇-水(1:3,165毫升)、水(440毫升)依次洗淨。於50℃減壓乾燥,得到吡啶-3,5-二羧酸二甲酯之白色結晶性粉末(105.0公克,產率82.0%)。
1
H-NMR(300 MHz,CDCl3
) δ 4.00(s,6H),8.87(s,1H),9.37(s,2H).
C9
H9
NO4
之元素分析,計算值:C,55.39;H,4.65;N,7.18;O,32.79。實測值:C,55.42;H,4.65;N,7.16。
5)在1公升熱壓器中饋入吡啶-3,5-二羧酸二甲酯(100公克,0.51莫耳)及二甲基乙醯胺(400毫升),於溫度30℃以下滴入三氟乙酸(59.2毫升,0.77莫耳)後,添加10%Pd-C(PE-型)(20.0公克)。於氫壓0.5至0.7MPa,溫度55至65℃攪拌12小時。濾去觸媒,用二甲基乙醯胺(50毫升x 2)洗淨。將濾液合併,於溫度20至30℃滴入三乙胺(77.8公克,0.77莫耳),然後調整至pH9.0至10.0。於溫度30至40℃滴入二碳酸二第三丁酯(134公克,0.614莫耳),於同溫度攪拌2小時。將反應液調至20至30℃後,添加乙酸乙酯(600毫升),用水(900毫升)洗淨。將水層用乙酸乙酯(400毫升)再萃取。合併有機層,用5w/v%檸檬酸-10w/v%食鹽水(600毫升)、3%碳酸氫鈉水溶液(600毫升)、水(600毫升)依次洗淨。將有機層減壓濃縮至內容量(200毫升)後,在濃縮液中加入甲醇(250毫升)並減壓濃縮至內容量(200毫升)。於再度濃縮液中加入甲醇(250毫升),減壓濃縮至內容量為200毫升後,加入甲醇(2.40公升)。在該溶液中添加水(18.5公克,1.03莫耳)、碳酸鈰(417公克,1.28莫耳),並於溫度55至65℃攪拌約24小時。將反應液調至溫度20至30℃後,濃縮至內容量為700毫升,並加入四氫呋喃(500毫升)。在該溶液中於溫度15至35℃滴入2N-鹽酸水溶液(1.28公升,2.56莫耳),調整至pH3.0至3.5後,於溫度20至30℃攪拌30分鐘。用乙酸乙酯(750毫升x2)萃取,將有機層用10 w/v%食鹽水(500毫升x3)洗淨。將有機層減壓濃縮至內容量300毫升後,添加乙酸乙酯使內容量成為650毫升。將濃縮物加熱至溫度55至65℃,滴入庚烷(500毫升),冷卻至溫度20至30℃並攪拌1小時。濾取析出之結晶,用乙酸乙酯-庚烷(1:1,120毫升)洗淨。於50℃減壓乾燥,得到1-(第三-丁氧基羰基)哌啶-3,5-二羧酸之白色結晶性粉末(113.3公克,產率80.9%)。
1
H-NMR(300 MHz,DMSO-d6
) δ 1.40(s,9H),1.44-1.61(m,1H),2.21-2.26(m,1H),2.31-2.41(m,2H),4.10-4.12(m,2H).
C12
H19
NO6
之元素分析,計算值:C,52.74;H,7.01;N,5.13;O,35.13。實測值:C,52.96;H,6.99;N,5.39。
6)於氮氣流下,將1-(第三-丁氧基羰基)哌啶-3,5-二羧酸(5.00公克,18.3毫莫耳)懸浮於四氫呋喃(10.0毫升),於溫度20至30℃滴入三氟乙酸酐(3.80毫升,27.5毫莫耳)。滴入終了後,於溫度20至30℃攪拌1小時。在反應液中於溫度20至30℃滴入庚烷(20.0毫升)後,冷卻至溫度0至10℃並攪拌3小時。濾取析出之結晶,用庚烷(3.00毫升)洗淨。於40℃減壓乾燥,得到2,4-二側氧基-3-氧雜-7-氮雜雙環[3,3,1]壬烷-7-羧酸第三丁酯之白色結晶性粉末(4.03公克,產率86.1%)。
1
H-NMR(300 MHz,CDCl3
) δ 1.43(s,9H),1.93-1.99(m,1H),2.40-2.46(m,1H),3.06-3.11(m,4H),4.50-4.54(m,2H).
C12
H17
NO5
之元素分析,計算值:C,56.46;H,6.71;N,5.49;O,31.34。實測值:C,56.51;H,6.63;N,5.69。
7)在氮氣流下,饋入啶(quinidine)(69.9公克,0.215莫耳)及四氫呋喃(200毫升),並冷卻至溫度-5至5℃。於同溫度,添加2,4-二側氧基-3-氧雜-7-氮雜雙環[3,3,1]壬烷-7-羧酸第三丁酯(50.0公克,0.196莫耳)並用四氫呋喃(50.0毫升)洗入。於溫度-5至5℃滴入甲醇(9.41公克,0.294莫耳)後,於溫度-5至5℃攪拌2小時。在反應液中添加乙酸乙酯(350毫升)、20w/v%檸檬酸水溶液(250毫升)並進行分液。將水層用乙酸乙酯(125毫升x2)再萃取。合併有機層並用20w/v%檸檬酸水溶液(250毫升)、水(250毫升x2)依次洗淨。將有機層減壓濃縮。在殘餘物中添加乙醇(100毫升)及乙酸乙酯(450毫升),加熱至溫度60至70℃,然後添加(R)-苯乙胺(23.7公克,0.196莫耳)。於溫度50至60℃攪拌1小時,於溫度20至30℃攪拌1小時,於溫度-5至5℃攪拌1小時。濾取析出之結晶,用乙醇-乙酸乙酯(2:9,100毫升)洗淨。於50℃減壓乾燥,得到(3S,5R)-1-(第三丁氧羰基)-5-(甲氧基羰基)哌啶-3-羧酸(1R)-1-苯乙胺鹽之白色結晶性粉末(55.7公克,產率69.6%)。
1
H-NMR(300 MHz,DMSO-d6
) δ 1.42(s,9H),1.43-1.51(m,3H),2.06-2.14(m,1H),2.21-2.26(m,1H),2.39-2.44(m,1H),2.52-2.53(m,1H),2.57(br s,2H),3.64(s,3H),4.12(br s,2H),4,19-4.26(m,1H),7.30-7.40(m,3H),7.45-7.48(m,2H).
C21
H32
N2
O6
之元素分析,計算值:C,61.75;H,7.90;N,6.86;O,23.50。實測值:C,61.54;H,7.77;N,6.86。
8)饋入(3S,5R)-1-(第三丁氧羰基)-5-(甲氧基羰基)哌啶-3-羧酸(1R)-1-苯乙胺鹽(20.0公克,49.0毫莫耳)、甲醇(20毫升)及水(80毫升)。於溫度20至30℃滴入檸檬酸(11.3公克,58.8毫莫耳)溶解於水(20.0毫升)之溶液,並於同溫度攪拌1.5小時。濾取析出之結晶,用水(60毫升)洗淨。於50℃減壓乾燥,得到(3S,5R)-1-(第三丁氧羰基)-5-(甲氧基羰基)哌啶-3-羧酸之白色結晶性粉末(13.5公克,產率96.1%)。
1
H-NMR(300 MHz,CDCl3
) δ 1.40(s,9H),1.46-1.59(m,1H),2.22-2.27(m,1H),2.37-2.45(m,2H),2.63-2.73(m,2H),3.63(s,3H),4.14(br s,2H),12.51(br s,1H).
C13
H21
NO6
之元素分析,計算值:C,54.35;H,7.37;N,4.88;O,33.41。實測值:C,54.14;H,7.28;N,4.85。
9)氮氣流下,饋入(3S,5R)-1-(第三丁氧羰基)-5-(甲氧基羰基)哌啶-3-羧酸(30.0公克,104毫莫耳)、三乙胺(31.7公克,313毫莫耳)及甲苯(180毫升)。於溫度15至35℃滴入疊氮化磷酸二苯酯(28.7公克,313毫莫耳)之甲苯(30.0毫升)溶液。於溫度30±5℃攪拌30分鐘後,加熱至溫度65至75℃並攪拌30分鐘。於溫度60至70℃滴入苯甲醇(12.4公克,115毫莫耳)。加熱至溫度80至90℃並攪拌3小時。將反應液冷卻至溫度20至30℃,加入亞硝酸鈉(7.20公克,104毫莫耳)溶於水之溶液並攪拌1小時後,將水層分出。將有機層用5w/v%碳酸氫鈉水溶液(150毫升)、20w/v%檸檬酸水溶液(150毫升)、5w/v%食鹽水(150毫升)依次洗淨後,減壓濃縮有機層。在殘留物中添加甲醇(60.0毫升)並減壓濃縮。再進行1次同樣之操作。在殘留物中添加甲醇使內容量成為90.0公克。於溫度15至35℃,加入2N氫氧化鈉水溶液(62.6毫升,125毫莫耳),並於溫度30±5℃攪拌1小時。於溫度20至30℃加入甲醇(120毫升)、20w/v%檸檬酸水溶液(300毫升),並使pH調成3.0至3.5。於溫度50至60℃攪拌30分鐘後,冷卻至溫度20至30℃並攪拌1小時。然後,於溫度0至10℃攪拌1小時。濾取析出之結晶,用水(90.0毫升)洗淨。於50℃減壓乾燥,得到(3R,5S)-5-{[(苯甲氧基)羰基]胺基}-1-(第三丁氧羰基)哌啶-3-羧酸之白色結晶性粉末(35.0公克,產率88.6%)。
1
H-NMR(300 MHz,DMSO-d6
) δ 1.41(s,9H),2.11(d,J=12.4 Hz,1H),2.40-2.48(m,4H),2.62(br s,1H),4.08(t,J=14.4 Hz,2H),5.04(s,2H),7.31-7.41(m,5H),12.53(br s,1H).
C19
H26
N2
O6
之元素分析,計算值:C,60.30;H,6.93;N,7.40;O,25.37。實測值:C,60.03;H,6.99;N,7.41。
10)於氮氣流下,饋入(3R,5S)-5-{[(苯甲氧基)羰基]胺基}-1-(第三丁氧羰基)哌啶-3-羧酸(30.0公克,79.3毫莫耳)、嗎啉(7.60公克,87.2毫莫耳)、1-羥基苯并三唑一水合物(2.43公克,15.9毫莫耳)及二甲基乙醯胺(90.0毫升)。於溫度20至30℃添加鹽酸1-乙基-3-(3-二甲胺基丙基)甲醯亞胺(16.7公克,87.1毫莫耳)後,於溫度45至55℃攪拌1小時。於溫度45至55℃依次滴入四氫呋喃(90.0毫升)、水(210毫升),並攪拌1小時。冷卻至溫度20至30℃並攪拌1小時後,濾取析出之結晶,用四氫呋喃-水(1:3,120毫升)洗淨。於50℃減壓乾燥,得到哌啶-1-(3S,5R)-3-{[(苯甲氧基)羰基]胺基}-5-(嗎啉-4-基羰基)羧酸第三丁酯之白色結晶性粉末(32.7公克,產率92.3%)。
1
H-NMR(300 MHz,DMSO-d6
) δ 1.41(s,9H),1.49-1.57(m,1H),1.87(d,J=12.3 Hz,1H),2.43(br s,1H),2.63-2.71(m,1H),2.79-2.83(m,1H),3.37-3.54(m,9H),3.89(d,J=11.5 Hz,1H),4.06(br s,1H),5.03(s,2H),7.30-7.38(m,5H).
C23
H33
N3
O6
之元素分析,計算值:C,61.73;H,7.43;N,9.39;O,21.45。實測值:C,61.59;H,7.50;N,9.43。
11)饋入哌啶-1-(3S,5R)-3-{[(苯甲氧基)羰基]胺基}-5-(嗎啉-4-基羰基)羧酸第三丁酯(30.0公克,67.0毫莫耳)、異丁醛(7.25公克,101毫莫耳)、10%Pd-C(PE型)(1.50公克)及甲醇(240毫升)。於氫壓0.2至0.3MPa、溫度20至30℃攪拌4小時。濾除觸媒並用甲醇(60.0毫升)洗淨。減壓濃縮濾液後,添加乙酸乙酯(60.0毫升),並再度減壓濃縮。在殘留物中加入乙酸乙酯,使其內容量成為360毫升。加熱至溫度45至55℃並添加琥珀酸(7.90公克,67.0毫莫耳)。於溫度45至55℃攪拌1小時後,冷卻至溫度20至30℃,並攪拌1小時。濾取析出之結晶,並用乙酸乙酯(90.0毫升)洗淨。於50℃減壓乾燥,得到(3S,5R)-3-[(2-甲基丙基)胺基]-5-(嗎啉-4-基羰基)哌啶-1-羧酸第三丁酯琥珀酸鹽之白色結晶性粉末(30.2公克,產率92.5%)
1
H-NMR(300 MHz,D2
O) δ 1.02(s,3H),1.04(s,3H),1.47(s,9H),1.97-2.09(m,2H),2.26-2.30(m,1H),2.55(s,4H),2.99(d,J=7.0 Hz,2H),3.23(br s,1H),3.39-3.45(m,2H),3.53-3.80(m,10H),3.82-3.93(br s,1H).
C23
H41
N3
O8
之元素分析,計算值:C,56.66;H,8.48;N,8.62;O,26.25。實測值:C,56.48;H,8.46;N,8.39。
12)饋入(3S,5R)-3-[(2-甲基丙基)胺基]-5-(嗎啉-4-基羰基)哌啶-1-羧酸第三丁酯琥珀酸鹽(30.3公克,62.2毫莫耳)、乙腈(60.0毫升)及水(40.0毫升)。接著,添加碳酸鉀(34.4公克,0.249毫莫耳)並攪拌10分鐘後,添加1-(4-甲氧基丁基)-2-三氯甲基-1H-苯并咪唑(20.0公克,62.2毫莫耳)。於溫度70至80℃攪拌2小時後,添加二甲基亞碸(15.0毫升),並於溫度70至80℃攪拌6小時。將反應液冷卻至溫度20至30℃後,添加水(120毫升)、甲苯(240毫升),並進行分液。將有機層用10w/v%食鹽水(100毫升)、10w/v%檸檬酸水溶液(100毫升)、10w/v%食鹽水(100毫升)依次洗淨。在有機層中添加活性碳白鷺A(1.0公克),於溫度20至30℃攪拌30分鐘。過濾出活性碳,用甲苯(40.0毫升)洗淨後,將濾液減壓濃縮至110毫升。加熱至溫度35至45℃並滴入庚烷(280毫升)。於溫度35至45℃添加(3S,5R)-3-[{[1-(4-甲氧基丁基)-1H-苯并咪唑-2-基]羰基}(2-甲基丙基)胺基]-5-(嗎啉-4-基羰基)哌啶-1-羧酸第三丁酯之結晶(10毫克)並於同溫度攪拌1小時。於溫度35至45℃滴入庚烷(140毫升)並攪拌30分鐘。冷卻至溫度20至30℃並攪拌2小時。濾取析出之結晶,用甲苯-庚烷(1:5,40.0毫升)洗淨。於50℃減壓乾燥,得到(3S,5R)-3-[{[1-(4-甲氧基丁基)-1H-苯并咪唑-2-基]羰基}(2-甲基丙基)胺基]-5-(嗎啉-4-基羰基)哌啶-1-羧酸第三丁酯之微黃白色結晶性粉末(27.7公克,產率74.2%)。
1
H-NMR(300 MHz,CDCl3
) δ 0.68-0.80(m,3H),0.96-1.08(m,3H),1.31(br s,5H),1.49(s,4H),1.61-1.71(m,2H),1.71(br s,0.5H),1.92-2.05(m,3H),2.05-2.24(m,2H),2.45(br s,1H),2.60(br s,1H),2.72-2.96(m,2H),3.26-3.35(m,3H),3.35-3.47(m,2H),3.47-3.73(m,10H),4.02-4.26(m,2H),4.26-4.34(m,1H),4.34-4.47(m,0.5H),7.25-7.29(m,1H),7.29-7.41(m,1H),7.41-7.53(m,1H),7.64(br s,0.5H),7.79(d,J=8.2 Hz,0.5H).
C32
H49
N5
O6
之元素分析,計算值:C,64.08;H,8.23;N,11.68;O,16.01。實測值:C,63.82;H,8.12;N,11.64。
將(3S,5R)-3-[{[1-(4-甲氧基丁基)-1H-苯並咪唑-2-基丁羰基]羰基}(2-甲氧基丙基)胺基]-5-(嗎啉-4-基羰基)哌啶-1-羧酸第三丁酯(20公斤)饋入預先調製之3N-鹽酸水溶液(濃鹽酸20公升,水60公升)中,接著添加乙酸乙酯(4公升)。添加後,於15至25℃攪拌3小時以上。反應終了後,於同溫添加水(100公升)及乙酸乙酯(200公升)。添加後,於25℃以下用25%氨水(約19公升)調整至pH7附近。調整pH後,保管萃取出之有機層,並用乙酸乙酯(200公升)再萃取水層。保管再萃取出之有機層,並用乙酸乙酯(200公升)再度萃取水層。再度重複進行相同的操作,將所得之有機層混合、濃縮。濃縮後,添加乙酸乙酯(100公升)並再濃縮。再度重複相同操作。濃縮後,添加乙酸乙酯(125公升)及2-丙醇(20公升),並升溫達35至45℃。升溫後,於同溫添加4N-氯化氫-乙酸乙酯(8.34公升)。添加後,於同溫添加以實施例(6-3)中記載之方法為基準而得到之B型結晶之種晶(20公克),並攪拌30分鐘以上。攪拌後,於35至45℃經30分鐘以上滴入庚烷(200公升)。滴入終了後,於同溫攪拌30分鐘以上。接著慢慢冷卻至20至30℃,並於同溫攪拌30分鐘以上。攪拌後,過濾結晶,用2-丙醇-乙酸乙酯-庚烷(1:6:8,60公升)洗淨後,得到濕結晶。將所得到之濕結晶於45至55℃進行減壓乾燥,得到1-(4-甲氧基丁基)-N-(2-甲基丙基)-N-[(3S,5R)-5-(嗎啉-4-基羰基)哌啶-3-基]-1H-苯并咪唑-2-甲醯胺鹽酸鹽之結晶性粉末(B型結晶,16.446公斤,產率92.0%)。
將1-(4-甲氧基丁基)-N-(2-甲基丙基)-N-[(3S,5R)-5-(嗎啉-4-基羰基)哌啶-3-基]-1H-苯并咪唑-2-甲醯胺鹽酸鹽(B型結晶,16.3公斤)懸浮於2-丙醇(65.2公升)。接著,升溫至65至75℃並溶解。確認溶解後,實施除塵過濾,用2-丙醇(16.3公升)洗淨。將所得到之過濾洗淨液冷卻至50至60℃,添加以實施例(6-3)中記載之方法為基準所得到之B型結晶之種晶(16.3公克)。添加後,冷卻至45至55℃,於同溫攪拌30分鐘以上。攪拌後,於同溫經30分鐘以上滴入庚烷(326公升)。滴入終了後,於同溫攪拌1小時以上。攪拌後,冷卻至20至30℃,於同溫攪拌1小時以上。攪拌後,過濾結晶,用2-丙醇-庚烷(1:4,48.9公升)洗淨後,得到濕結晶。將所得到之濕結晶於45至55℃進行減壓乾燥,得到結晶性粉末(B型結晶,13.28公斤,產率81.5%)。熔點:198℃。
鹽酸含量分析之結果,確認上述鹽酸鹽為一鹽酸鹽。
理論鹽酸含量為6.8%,測定值為6.9%。
將依照參考例1中記載之方法得到之A型結晶(3.0公克)於室溫下懸浮於2-丙醇(30毫升),並於30至40℃溶解。確認溶解後,添加以實施例4中記載之方法為基準所得到之B型結晶之種晶(0.003公克)。添加後,冷卻至20至30℃,並攪拌整夜。攪拌後,過濾結晶,用2-丙醇(9毫升)洗淨後,得到濕結晶。將所得到之濕結晶於50℃進行減壓乾燥,得到結晶性粉末(B型結晶,2.03公克,產率67.7%)。
將依照參考例2中記載之方法得到之A型結晶(550公克)懸浮於甲基乙基酮(4400毫升),並升溫至45至55℃。攪拌後,添加甲基乙基酮(1000毫升)。添加後,升溫至50至60℃攪拌後,冷卻至20至30℃並攪拌。攪拌後,過濾結晶,用甲基乙基酮(80毫升)洗淨後,得到濕結晶。將所得到之濕結晶於45至50℃進行減壓乾燥,得到結晶性粉末(B型結晶,531.95公克,產率96.7%)。
將以參考例2中記載之方法為基準所得到之A型結晶(6.0公克)於室溫下懸浮於2-丙醇-乙酸乙酯(1:15,54毫升),升溫至45至55℃並攪拌。在進行溶解之同時見到結晶之析出。見到結晶之析出後,冷卻至20至30℃,並攪拌整夜。攪拌後,過濾結晶,用乙酸乙酯(18毫升)洗淨後,得到濕結晶。將所得到之濕結晶於50℃進行減壓乾燥,得到結晶性粉末(B型結晶,5.72公克,產率95.3%)。
將1-(4-甲氧基丁基)-N-(2-甲基丙基)-N-[(3S,5R)-5-(嗎啉-4-基羰基)哌啶-3-基]-1H-苯并咪唑-2-甲醯胺鹽酸鹽(B型結晶,45.0公克)懸浮於2-丙醇(360毫升)。接著,升溫至55至60℃並溶解。確認溶解後,實施除塵過濾,並用2-丙醇(45毫升)洗淨。將除塵過濾後之過濾洗淨液於55至65℃攪拌,確認沒有析出物。確認後,冷卻至35至45℃。冷卻後,添加依照實施例3中記載之方法所得到之B型結晶之種晶(0.045公克)。添加後,於同溫攪拌1小時以上。攪拌後,於同溫滴入庚烷(1620毫升)。滴入後,於同溫攪拌30分鐘以上。攪拌後,冷卻至20至30℃並攪拌1小時以上。攪拌後,過濾結晶,用2-丙醇-庚烷(1:4,135毫升)洗淨後,得到濕結晶。將所得到之濕結晶於50℃進行減壓乾燥,得到1-(4-甲氧基丁基)-N-(2-甲基丙基)-N-[(3S,5R)-5-(嗎啉-4-基羰基)哌啶-3-基]-1H-苯并咪唑-2-甲醯胺鹽酸鹽之結晶性粉末(B型結晶,40.37公克,產率89.7%)。
將1-(4-甲氧基丁基)-N-(2-甲基丙基)-N-[(3S,5R)-5-(嗎啉-4-基羰基)哌啶-3-基]-1H-苯并咪唑-2-甲醯胺鹽酸鹽(B型結晶,500公克)懸浮於2-丙醇(4000毫升)。接著,升溫至55至65℃並溶解。確認溶解後,實施除塵過濾,並用2-丙醇(250毫升)洗淨。同樣地,將1-(4-甲氧基丁基)-N-(2-甲基丙基)-N-[(3S,5R)-5-(嗎啉-4-基羰基)哌啶-3-基]-1H-苯并咪唑-2-甲醯胺鹽酸鹽(B型結晶,500公克)懸浮於2-丙醇(4000毫升)。接著,升溫至55至65℃並溶解。確認溶解後,實施除塵過濾,並用2-丙醇(250毫升)洗淨。將上述二個除塵過濾後之過濾洗淨液合併,於55至65℃攪拌,確認沒有析出物。用2-丙醇(500毫升)洗淨。確認後,冷卻至35至45℃。冷卻後,添加以實施例(6-1)中記載之方法為基準所得到之B型結晶之種晶(1公克),並於同溫滴入庚烷(36000毫升)。滴入後,於同溫攪拌1小時以上。攪拌後,冷卻至20至30℃並攪拌1小時以上。攪拌後,過濾結晶,用2-丙醇-庚烷(1:4,3000毫升)洗淨後,得到濕結晶。將所得到之濕結晶於50℃進行減壓乾燥,得到1-(4-甲氧基丁基)-N-(2-甲基丙基)-N-[(3S,5R)-5-(嗎啉-4-基羰基)哌啶-3-基]-1H-苯并咪唑-2-甲醯胺鹽酸鹽之結晶性粉末(B型結晶,880.53公克,產率88.1%)。將所得到之B型結晶用破碎式造粒機粉碎,得到結晶性粉末(B型結晶,849公克)。
將1-(4-甲氧基丁基)-N-(2-甲基丙基)-N-[(3S,5R)-5-(嗎啉-4-基羰基)哌啶-3-基]-1H-苯并咪唑-2-甲醯胺甲磺酸鹽一水合物(9000公克)溶解於水(45000毫升)。在溶解液中添加預先調製之碳酸氫鈉水溶液(NaHCO3
,2464公克,水45000毫升)並攪拌。於攪拌下,添加乙酸乙酯(90000毫升)並攪拌。攪拌後,在萃取出之水層中添加乙酸乙酯(90000毫升)並攪拌。混合所得到之有機層並濃縮至約27公升。在濃縮液中添加乙酸乙酯(45000毫升),並濃縮至約27公升。將濃縮液靜置整夜。在靜置整夜的濃縮液中添加乙酸乙酯(45000毫升),並濃縮至約27公升。在濃縮液中添加乙酸乙酯(45000毫升)、2-丙醇(9000毫升),並於攪拌下升溫至45至55℃。於升溫中,在40℃滴入4N-氯化氫-乙酸乙酯(4399毫升)。滴入後,確認為均一溶液,並冷卻至35至45℃。冷卻後,添加以實施例(6-2)中記載之方法為基準所得到之B型結晶之種晶(9公克),並於同溫滴入庚烷(90000毫升)。滴入終了後,於同溫度攪拌1小時以上。攪拌後,冷卻至20至30℃,並於同溫攪拌1小時以上。過濾結晶,用2-丙醇-乙酸乙酯-庚烷(1:6:8,9000毫升)洗淨後,得到濕結晶。將所得到之濕結晶於50℃進行減壓乾燥,得到1-(4-甲氧基丁基)-N-(2-甲基丙基)-N-[(3S,5R)-5-(嗎啉-4-基羰基)哌啶-3-基]-1H-苯并咪唑-2-甲醯胺鹽酸鹽之結晶性粉末(B型結晶,7271公克,產率92.5%)。將所得到之1-(4-甲氧基丁基)-N-(2-甲基丙基)-N-[(3S,5R)-5-(嗎啉-4-基羰基)哌啶-3-基]-1H-苯并咪唑-2-甲醯胺鹽酸鹽(B型結晶,3500公克)懸浮於2-丙醇(28000毫升)。接著,升溫至55至65℃並溶解。確認溶解後,實施除塵過濾,並用2-丙醇(3500毫升)洗淨。將除塵過濾後之過濾洗淨液於55至65℃攪拌,確認沒有析出物。確認後,冷卻至35至45℃。冷卻後,添加以實施例(6-2)中記載之方法為基準所得到之B型結晶之種晶(3.5公克),並於同溫滴入庚烷(126000毫升)。滴入後,於同溫攪拌1小時以上。攪拌後,冷卻至20至30℃並攪拌1小時以上。攪拌後,過濾結晶,用2-丙醇-庚烷(1:4,10500毫升)洗淨後,得到濕結晶。將所得到之濕結晶於50℃進行減壓乾燥,得到1-(4-甲氧基丁基)-N-(2-甲基丙基)-N-[(3S,5R)-5-(嗎啉-4-基羰基)哌啶-3-基]-1H-苯并咪唑-2-甲醯胺鹽酸鹽之結晶性粉末(B型結晶,3089公克,產率88.3%)。將所得到之B型結晶(3074公克)用破碎式造粒機粉碎,得到結晶性粉末(破碎品)(B型結晶,3066公克,產率99.7%),該結晶性粉末所具有之X光繞射圖譜中於粉末X光繞射之格子面間隔(d)為26.43、7.62、4.32、3.08、2.59及2.33附近出現特徵性尖峰。將粉末X光繞射之測定結果示於下表。
將A型結晶、B型結晶、A型結晶與B型結晶之混合物各20毫克稱量入小瓶(vial)後,添加0.2毫升異丙醇,使其懸浮並使過剩固體殘留。將該小瓶用栓封住,於大氣溫度,在漿液輪上,以定速旋轉振動1日。之後,濾集固體。粉末X光繞射測定之結果,確認A型結晶、A型結晶與B型結晶之混合物(1:1)於1日後轉移成B型結晶。又,對於B型結晶未觀察到變化。將結果示於表3中。
從漿液實驗之結果,可以推定與A型結晶相較,B型結晶於大氣溫度在熱力學上較為安定。
使用VTI對稱重力分析儀(A型結晶,用SGA-100;B型結晶,用SGA-CX),以分級-等溫線模式進行A型結晶及B型結晶之水分吸著之自動分析。將樣品於25℃暴露於各種相對濕度(RH)。於各相對濕度,樣品重量達到平衡後進行記錄(在10分鐘內,重量變化小於0.2%)。將結果示於表4中。
在A型結晶及B型結晶各50毫克中,分別添加5毫升之2-丁酮、乙酸乙酯、甲苯、正-庚烷及第三丁基甲基醚,以粉末懸浮液(25℃,2小時)之形式測定溶解性。離心懸浮液後,將上清液用0.22微米孔徑之濾器過濾,將濾液於氮氣環境下餾去溶劑。將蒸餾後得到之殘餘物溶於50mM乙酸銨水溶液/乙腈(1:1)之混合液中,用HPLC進行測定。將結果示於表5中。
從此等之結果,可以推定與A型結晶相較,B型結晶於室溫(25℃)在熱力學上較為安定。
本發明之結晶具有優異的腎素抑制活性,在高血壓及由高血壓引起之各種器官障礙等之預防或治療上有用。
本申請案,以在日本申請之發明專利申請案2010-137194為基礎,其內容全部包含於本說明書中。
第1圖係展現實施例6之B型結晶之粉末X光繞射圖譜。
第2圖係展現參考例3之A型結晶之粉末X光繞射圖譜。
該代表圖無元件符號及其代表之意義。
Claims (13)
- 一種1-(4-甲氧基丁基)-N-(2-甲基丙基)-N-[(3S,5R)-5-(嗎啉-4-基羰基)哌啶-3-基]-1H-苯并咪唑-2-甲醯胺鹽酸鹽之結晶,其所具有之粉末X光繞射圖譜中,在粉末X光繞射之格子面間隔(d)為26.43±0.2、7.62±0.2及4.32±0.2Å附近出現特徵性尖峰。
- 一種1-(4-甲氧基丁基)-N-(2-甲基丙基)-N-[(3S,5R)-5-(嗎啉-4-基羰基)哌啶-3-基]-1H-苯并咪唑-2-甲醯胺鹽酸鹽之結晶,其所具有之粉末X光繞射圖譜中,在粉末X光繞射之格子面間隔(d)為26.43±0.2、7.62±0.2、4.32±0.2、3.08±0.2、2.59±0.2及2.33±0.2Å附近出現特徵性尖峰。
- 一種醫藥,含有申請專利範圍第1或2項所述之結晶而成。
- 如申請專利範圍第3項所述之醫藥,為腎素抑制劑。
- 如申請專利範圍第3項所述之醫藥,為循環系統疾病之預防或治療劑。
- 如申請專利範圍第3項所述之醫藥,為高血壓及/或由高血壓引起之各種器官障礙之預防或治療劑。
- 如申請專利範圍第3項所述之醫藥,為腎疾病之預防或治療劑。
- 一種申請專利範圍第1或2項所述之結晶之用途,係使用該結晶於製造循環系統疾病之預防或治療劑。
- 一種申請專利範圍第1或2項所述之結晶之用途,係使 用該結晶於製造高血壓及/或由高血壓引起之各種器官障礙之預防或治療劑。
- 一種申請專利範圍第1或2項所述之結晶之用途,係使用該結晶於製造腎疾病之預防或治療劑。
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項所述之結晶,其係用於循環系統疾病之預防或治療。
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項所述之結晶,其係用於高血壓及/或由高血壓引起之各種器官障礙之預防或治療。
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項所述之結晶,其係用於腎疾病之預防或治療。
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| WO2009154300A2 (en) * | 2008-06-19 | 2009-12-23 | Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited | Heterocyclic compound and use thereof |
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