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TW578329B - Antenna for use in interactive satellite terminals - Google Patents

Antenna for use in interactive satellite terminals Download PDF

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Publication number
TW578329B
TW578329B TW091115951A TW91115951A TW578329B TW 578329 B TW578329 B TW 578329B TW 091115951 A TW091115951 A TW 091115951A TW 91115951 A TW91115951 A TW 91115951A TW 578329 B TW578329 B TW 578329B
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TW
Taiwan
Prior art keywords
antenna system
patent application
horn
axis
satellite terminal
Prior art date
Application number
TW091115951A
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English (en)
Inventor
Daniel Tits
Original Assignee
Eutelsat Sa
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Publication of TW578329B publication Critical patent/TW578329B/zh

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/12Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are concave
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/02Waveguide horns
    • H01Q13/0208Corrugated horns
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/02Waveguide horns
    • H01Q13/0208Corrugated horns
    • H01Q13/0225Corrugated horns of non-circular cross-section

Landscapes

  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Support Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)

Description

578329 A7 _______ B7 五、發明説明(彳) 本發明之背景: (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本發明係關於一種天線,其與一饋電號角相結合,被 最佳化以使用於互動衛星終端中。 爲了成功地介紹由幾十或幾千個個別互動使用者終端 所存取之大型互動網路,各互動使用者終端係由一室內設 備及相關之室外設備(亦即,天線及發射/接收電子裝置 )所構成的,基本上,在市場上需要具有低成本、高性能 、發射/接收衛星天線。已知天線構成這些終端之重要組 件的其中一者,目前,總是將無法以合理的價格來製造高 性能發射天線認爲是理所當然的。 本發明之槪述: 本發明之目的在於提出一種高性能天線系統,以符合 現存之管理及操作規格,但是,能夠以合理的價格來製造 此天線系統。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 爲了實現此目的,一種依據本發明之衛星互動終端天 線之特徵在於其包括一橢圓形天線及一波紋狀饋電號角, 此波紋狀饋電號角具有一外部橢圓形孔徑及一其中有段差 之內部圓柱形波導部分,並且其特徵在於空腔元件被添加 於段差部分,用以補償交叉極化組件。除此之外,需要實 施一些基本的機械特色,以便最佳化而成爲有效率的。 附圖之簡略說明: 本發明將會有較好的了解,並且其目的、特徵及詳細 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) — ' -4- 578329 A7 B7 五、發明説明(2 ) 內容將會更淸楚地顯現在下面的解釋說明中,參照所附力口 之示意圖,被引証做爲僅例舉本發明之實施例的示例,其 中: 圖1到圖3分別例舉依據本發明之橢圓形補償饋電天 線配置的側視圖、前視圖、及後視圖; 圖4示意例舉依據本發明之橢圓形饋電號角裝置,藉 由以a ,b及c所指示的三個不同圖形; 圖5及圖6係例舉由本發明所提出之饋電號角較佳實 施例的示意圖,包含由本發明所提出之空腔元件; 圖7顯示具有用來調整天線極化平面之旋轉角度輪廓 的地圖。 元件對照表 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 1 反射器 2 饋電號角 3 饋電臂狀物 4 旋轉盤 5 第二饋電號角 7 內部圓柱形波導部分 8 段差區段 10 凹槽(空腔元件) 11 段差 12 有槽孔 13 分度規 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X 297公釐) -5- 578329 A7 B7___ 五、發明説明(3 ) 較佳實施例之詳細說明: (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 圖1、圖2及圖3顯示由本發明所提出之互動多重-衛星終端天線的不意圖’此終端基本上包括一*機圓形則端 -饋電主反射器1 ; 一補償之饋電號角2,由饋電臂狀物 3所承載而固定於反射器1的下側周邊部分;一旋轉盤4 ,而主反射器1被安裝於其上;以及做爲一選擇性可能項 ,一第二饋電號角5,安裝在相鄰於饋電號角2之饋電臂 狀物3上,用以接收另一鄰近的衛星。橢圓形反射器1能 夠爲一商業上可供使用之反射器。 當選擇橢圓形組態時,將會獲得到高的衛星間隔離, 並且將會幫助多重-衛星操作。但是,前端-饋電反射器 形狀由於其短的焦距而具有一缺點,即交叉極化圖形顯示 相當高的波瓣,其能夠高於2 0 d B,並且接近指向之天 線主方向,而且這意謂著甚至相當高度準確的指向,也不 能夠獲得到良好的交叉極化鑑別性能。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 藉由補償之饋電系統來克服此問題,而補償之饋電系 統電氣地抵消由主反射器所造成的去極化,亦即,藉由產 生一指定之微波模式做爲由主反射器所感應的去極化組件 ,而此指定之微波模式具有相同的振幅但相反的相位。 圖4到圖6例舉一饋電號角組態之實施例,而此饋電 號角組態被想像來補償上面所提出之去極化組件。此補償 之饋電組態已經被發展,以便能夠應用到橢圓形天線、提 高傳輸交叉極化鑑別、能夠被大量生產、及不需要任何調 諧。如圖4所示,所使用之饋電號角具有波紋狀饋電號角 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐1 ~ -6- 578329 A7 _B7 _ 五、發明説明(4 ) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 的一般設計,其具有一橢圓形孔徑A p ,連同一寬的直徑 D w及一窄的孔徑直徑D η (分別顯示於圖4 b,4 c中 ),以及一具有波導直徑D g之圓柱形波導部分7,接著 爲一具有直徑D s之段差區段8。 所使用之饋電設計和習知波紋狀饋電號角的不同處特 別是在饋電號角的喉嚨區段。 已經發現到,藉由在圓柱形波導部分中產生不對稱, 以激發圓柱形波導部分中的T E 2 ζ模式,而能夠獲得到前 述的補償。的確,T E 2 i模式爲一非對稱模式,而因此在 饋電結構上需要不對稱。所發現之用來引進所需要的不對 稱之最好方法爲使用波導中的縱向凹槽1 0,如圖5及圖 6所示。當直徑從內部部分7增加到段差區域8時,這些 凹槽被形成在波導的不連續處,這樣的凹槽被形成而和內 部部分7中的波導軸平行,並且從有點逐漸變窄之段差 1 1延伸出。藉由改變凹槽的尺寸,能夠控制此模式的振 幅。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 圖5及圖6顯示一具有3個凹槽1 0之波紋狀饋電號 角組態,其中一個凹槽係位於y軸,使其產生爲水平極化 用所需之交叉極化場,其他的兩個凹槽被安裝在相對於此 凹槽爲+ /— 4 5°的角度處。 凹槽尺寸在決定所產生之模式的位準方面係有決定性 的,凹槽的長度S及凹槽的寬度w在所產生之模式的位準 以及波導大小中的段差上扮演重要的角色,凹槽長度S愈 長,所產生之T E 2 i模式的位準愈大。基本上,凹槽的深 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) -7- 578329 A7 ______B7_ 五、發明説明(5 ) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 度D爲波導直徑D g與段差直徑D s間之差値的一半,此 深度需要稍微小於此,以確保凹槽的外緣總是位於段差直 徑之內,這是爲了確保此段差能夠被模鑄。段差區段上的 錐度T對操作號角來說係不需要的,但是被包含以確保此 號角易於模鑄。如果一垂直區段被使用在此點處,則工具 能夠黏著住且難以去除。 發現到兩個在4 5°處的凹槽產生較高階TE21模式 的明顯位準,用於垂直極化之由此二凹槽所產生之模式的 位準非常類似於用於水平極化之由單一凹槽所產生之模式 的位準。發現到在具有相同的饋電配置之兩種極化上皆已 達成交叉極化抵消,做爲例子,具有外側凹槽之長度爲 6 . 5mm之中央凹槽的長度爲7 · 5mm,中央凹槽爲 3 m m寬,而外側凹槽爲2 m m寬,段差長度L s爲1 9 m m,輸入波導的長度L g爲1 〇mm,而直徑D s及 D g分別爲2 4mm及1 8mm,孔徑的主軸爲橢圓形, 該等凹槽被定向於號角的副軸上。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 注意,3個凹槽1 0之中央凹槽爲控制沿著號角之主 軸之水平極化的模式產生之凹槽,相對於號角之+ / - 4 5°角度的兩個凹槽產生用於垂直極化之較高模式, 段差長度被調整,以使交叉極化波瓣的相位和交叉極化圖 案的相位同相或反相。 注意,因爲該補償沒有有耗損的元件,所以絕對的發 射及接收增益沒有被影響。此外,應該提到補償效應係依 頻率而變的,但是已經被證實可工作於至少5 %的頻帶, 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) -8- 578329 A7 _ B7___ 五、發明説明(6 ) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 因此,在14GHz處,大槪能夠涵蓋500MHz ,而 在30GHz處,大槪能夠涵蓋1 000MHz。有了這 個,天線之發射交叉極化隔離實際上被改善,且交叉極化 波瓣被大幅地降低至和3 0 d B —樣的低,或者甚至更好 〇 在下面,參照圖1到圖3來敘述本發明的一些進一步 特徵及優點。 因爲補償之饋電被匹配以抵消由主反射器1所造成之 去極化,所以阻礙了應用饋電轉動來調整天線極化平面。 本發明提出此目的,以轉動整個天線系統,以低成本方式 ,藉由旋轉盤4能夠達成此轉動,而旋轉盤4被設置有延 伸於周邊方向上的有槽孔1 2,及顯示於1 3處的分度規 ,旋轉角度的設定係根據終端的位置,並且,舉例來說, 一顯示旋轉角度輪廓的簡單地圖能夠被提供給安裝者,圖 7顯示此例。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 注意,原則上,有可能在天線的電氣軸或機械軸附近 實施此旋轉偏移,在產生不同的旋轉輪廓圖形方面能夠考 慮在所需之旋轉角度上的差異。在這兩種情況中,正確的 對齊能夠被達成。 以如上所述之方式有效地對齊意謂著,橢圓形反射器 1被對齊而平行於同步軌道,如同從地球站所看到的,其 具有兩個主要的額外優點。 第一,其僅藉由安裝一第二饋電號角來致能另一鄰近 衛星之接收,例如,在主補償饋電號角2之旁邊的饋電號 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X 297公釐) -9- 578329 A7 _____B7 五、發明説明(7 ) 角5,但沒有額外的垂直位移。由於天線和軌道對齊之事 實,這幫助了多重衛星的操作。 第二’應該注意,依據工業規定,對橢圓形天線來說 ,假如主天線軸和同步軌道對齊,能夠獲得到最大各向同 性(E I R P )。在此情況中,爲了決定此E I R P,將 僅會考慮更有利的方位_射圖案,其導致較高的核准功率 位準。很明顯地,所提出之組態符合此要求,因此,達成 目標之高的最大容許EIRP分配。 總而言之,由於補償之饋電號角,其能夠藉由使用標 準及大量製造技術來予以製造,但不需要任何調諧,所以 本發明得以使用具有橢圓形基準反射器之商用天線。 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局S工消費合作社印製 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X 297公釐) -10-

Claims (1)

  1. 578329 A8 B8 C8 D8 修正丨,充I —, - n B , -一一"·__[ 「、申請專利範圍 附件2··第9 1 1 1 595 1號專利申請案 ’中文申請專利範圍無劃線替換本 民國92年10月15日修正 1 · 一種互動衛星終端天線系統,包括一天線,其與 一饋電號角相結合,其特徵在於其包括一橢圓形主反射器 (1 )及一波紋狀饋電號角(2 ),該波紋狀饋電號角( 2 )具有一外部橢圓形孔徑及一內部圓柱形波導,而該內 部圓柱形波導具有一內部部分(7 )及一段差區段(8 ) ’以及在於空腔元件(1 〇 )·被添加到段差區段(8 ), 用以補償交叉極化組件。 2 ·如申請專利範圍第1項之互動衛星終端天線系統 ’其特徵在於,該空腔元件係藉由在y軸或X軸上至少一 延伸於內部圓柱形波導部分(7 )中,且開口進入段差區 段(8 )內之縱向凹槽(1 〇 )來予以構成的。 3 ·如申請專利範圍第2項之互動衛星終端天線系統 ,其特徵在於,該補償饋電號角(2 )在其內部圓柱形波 導部分(7 )中包括3個凹槽 〇 ),其中一個凹槽係 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 裝· 、1T 線 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 位於y軸或X軸上,其他兩個凹槽被安裝在相對於此中心 凹槽爲+ / — 4 5°的角度處。 4 ·如申請專利範圍第1項到第3項任一項之互動衛 星終端天線系統,其特徵在於,爲了調整天線極化平面, 整個天線系統就整體來看係可以繞著其機械軸或電氣軸而 轉動。 5 ·如申請專利範圍第4項之互動衛星終端天線系統 私紙張尺度適用中國國家梂準(CNS ) A4現格(210 X 297公釐) 578329 A8 B8 C8 D8 六、申請專利範圍 ’其特徵在於,整個天線系統之轉動係藉由一旋轉盤(4 )$予以做成,而天線系統係可角度地調整於旋轉盤(4 )上’因此’導致方位平面和軌道弧線的緊密對齊。 6 ·如申請專利範圍第1項到第3項任一項之互動衛 星終端天線系統,其特徵在於其能夠包括一第二饋電號角 (5 ),被橫向地安裝於補償饋電號角(2 ),用以接收 另一鄰近衛星。 -----莽-- (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 、1· 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公嫠) -2 - 578329 附件3:第91115951號專利申請案中文圖式替換頁 % 民國92年10月15日修
TW091115951A 2001-07-20 2002-07-17 Antenna for use in interactive satellite terminals TW578329B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP01401959A EP1278266B1 (en) 2001-07-20 2001-07-20 Low cost high performance antenna for use in transmit/receive satellite terminals

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TW578329B true TW578329B (en) 2004-03-01

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US (1) US6771225B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP1278266B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP4046565B2 (zh)
KR (1) KR100887043B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN1282311C (zh)
AT (1) ATE305661T1 (zh)
BR (1) BR0202850A (zh)
CA (1) CA2393949C (zh)
DE (1) DE60113671T2 (zh)
DK (1) DK1278266T3 (zh)
ES (1) ES2250322T3 (zh)
MX (1) MXPA02007128A (zh)
NO (1) NO325941B1 (zh)
RU (1) RU2286625C2 (zh)
TW (1) TW578329B (zh)

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ATE305661T1 (de) 2005-10-15
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CA2393949A1 (en) 2003-01-20
EP1278266A1 (en) 2003-01-22
KR100887043B1 (ko) 2009-03-04
BR0202850A (pt) 2003-06-03
NO20023461D0 (no) 2002-07-19
CN1405993A (zh) 2003-03-26
US20030025641A1 (en) 2003-02-06
CN1282311C (zh) 2006-10-25
KR20030009206A (ko) 2003-01-29
RU2286625C2 (ru) 2006-10-27
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EP1278266B1 (en) 2005-09-28
ES2250322T3 (es) 2006-04-16

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