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TW561737B - Network apparatus, data center and method for content based switching, content based message director, XML director, and method for XML based switching - Google Patents

Network apparatus, data center and method for content based switching, content based message director, XML director, and method for XML based switching Download PDF

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Publication number
TW561737B
TW561737B TW90108927A TW90108927A TW561737B TW 561737 B TW561737 B TW 561737B TW 90108927 A TW90108927 A TW 90108927A TW 90108927 A TW90108927 A TW 90108927A TW 561737 B TW561737 B TW 561737B
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Taiwan
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xml
message
director
information
network device
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TW90108927A
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English (en)
Inventor
John Abjanic
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Intel Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/02—Protocols based on web technology, e.g. hypertext transfer protocol [HTTP]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/12—Avoiding congestion; Recovering from congestion
    • H04L47/125—Avoiding congestion; Recovering from congestion by balancing the load, e.g. traffic engineering
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
    • G06F16/90—Details of database functions independent of the retrieved data types
    • G06F16/95—Retrieval from the web
    • G06F16/958—Organisation or management of web site content, e.g. publishing, maintaining pages or automatic linking
    • G06F16/986—Document structures and storage, e.g. HTML extensions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/02—Standardisation; Integration
    • H04L41/0246—Exchanging or transporting network management information using the Internet; Embedding network management web servers in network elements; Web-services-based protocols
    • H04L41/0266—Exchanging or transporting network management information using the Internet; Embedding network management web servers in network elements; Web-services-based protocols using meta-data, objects or commands for formatting management information, e.g. using eXtensible markup language [XML]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
    • H04L43/08—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters
    • H04L43/0876—Network utilisation, e.g. volume of load or congestion level
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/28—Flow control; Congestion control in relation to timing considerations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/31—Flow control; Congestion control by tagging of packets, e.g. using discard eligibility [DE] bits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/33—Flow control; Congestion control using forward notification
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L49/00—Packet switching elements
    • H04L49/25—Routing or path finding in a switch fabric
    • H04L49/252—Store and forward routing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
    • H04L63/04—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for providing a confidential data exchange among entities communicating through data packet networks
    • H04L63/0428—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for providing a confidential data exchange among entities communicating through data packet networks wherein the data content is protected, e.g. by encrypting or encapsulating the payload
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
    • H04L63/04—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for providing a confidential data exchange among entities communicating through data packet networks
    • H04L63/0428—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for providing a confidential data exchange among entities communicating through data packet networks wherein the data content is protected, e.g. by encrypting or encapsulating the payload
    • H04L63/0471—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for providing a confidential data exchange among entities communicating through data packet networks wherein the data content is protected, e.g. by encrypting or encapsulating the payload applying encryption by an intermediary, e.g. receiving clear information at the intermediary and encrypting the received information at the intermediary before forwarding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/10—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/10—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
    • H04L67/1001—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network for accessing one among a plurality of replicated servers
    • H04L67/1004—Server selection for load balancing
    • H04L67/101—Server selection for load balancing based on network conditions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/50—Network services
    • H04L67/56—Provisioning of proxy services
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/50—Network services
    • H04L67/56—Provisioning of proxy services
    • H04L67/562—Brokering proxy services
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/50—Network services
    • H04L67/56—Provisioning of proxy services
    • H04L67/563—Data redirection of data network streams
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/50—Network services
    • H04L67/60—Scheduling or organising the servicing of application requests, e.g. requests for application data transmissions using the analysis and optimisation of the required network resources
    • H04L67/63—Routing a service request depending on the request content or context
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/22—Parsing or analysis of headers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/30—Definitions, standards or architectural aspects of layered protocol stacks
    • H04L69/32—Architecture of open systems interconnection [OSI] 7-layer type protocol stacks, e.g. the interfaces between the data link level and the physical level
    • H04L69/322—Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions
    • H04L69/329—Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions in the application layer [OSI layer 7]
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
    • A61B5/6846—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be brought in contact with an internal body part, i.e. invasive
    • A61B5/6847—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be brought in contact with an internal body part, i.e. invasive mounted on an invasive device
    • A61B5/6852—Catheters

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Databases & Information Systems (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Computing Systems (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Data Mining & Analysis (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Information Transfer Between Computers (AREA)
  • Computer And Data Communications (AREA)
  • Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)
  • Small-Scale Networks (AREA)
  • Two-Way Televisions, Distribution Of Moving Picture Or The Like (AREA)
  • Nitrogen And Oxygen Or Sulfur-Condensed Heterocyclic Ring Systems (AREA)
  • Information Retrieval, Db Structures And Fs Structures Therefor (AREA)

Description

561737 五、發明說明（1) 發明範疇 大體而5 ’本發明與電腦及電腦網路有關，尤其 明與一種用以基於諸如交易資訊之類的申請資料内 切換的網路裝置。 發明背景 雖然作為儲存及發送資料系統的角色愈來愈成功 網路如網際網路作為基本交易，重要任務商業應用 歷=怕的成長，網站所有人，及商業伺服器都被爆 訊資料量成長所壓制。傳統的方法是購買更多的伺 網路頻$。服務水準一般並無差異，但預設則是先 (y I F0)最佳效果的方法。不過，這樣造成性能不均 區別的服務。清楚地說，需要一種技術以容許服務 根據環境提供創意性的不同服務及不同水準的服務 現有的系統容許根據標頭或標頭資料投送訊息。 在超文件傳輸協定（HTTP)中，一郵件申請方法包括 線’ 一標頭（一項或一項以上標頭）及本文。申請線 指針至一申請資源或程式以處理訊息，例如一通用 別器（URI)或通用資源定位器（URL)。HTTP標頭也包 的型式，本文的長度，及曰期。已有系統用來分析 URL(即中請線）及/或HTTP標頭，及然後根據URL及/ 將信息訊息投送至一目的地節點。一種那樣的系統 "F5’ s HTTP負載平衡優於單點URL分析方法的優點” 明。不過，本方法只根據URL及/或HTTP標頭作為切 非常受限制。 ’本發 容作為 ’電腦 ，正經 炸性通 服器及 進先出 及沒有 供應商 〇 例如， 一申請 包括一 資源識 括訊息 或檢查 或標頭 在 中說 換決定
第4頁 561737 五、發明說明（2) 其他系統，例如BizTalkTM，由提供一相容XML基準訊息 的糸統而對U R L分析技術稍有改善。 乂％1，或可擴充標示語言^.1.0於1〇,2，1998為全球網頁 聯盟（W3C)採用。XML提供一結構語法用於資料交換。xml 是一種標示語言，如HTML。大部份標示語言，如HTML，為 固定標示語言。即是，固定標示語言（包括HTML)包括一組 固定標記用於修飾文件。另一方面，XML不能定義一組固 定標記，但實際上，只能定義一語法或結構格式藉此用戶 可定義他們自有的XML標記組。目前一些XML型語言使用 XML語法以定義他們自有的標記組。xml具有另外的優點因 為實際資料與顯示的資料分開，而與合併此兩項的HTML相 反。結果，XML具有潛力成為一標準，藉此大部份電腦， 伺服器及應用能交換或通訊資料。
Ml COSO!t
如在” BizTalk架構1· 〇a獨立文件規格” _________
C〇rp: ’ 1，7, 20 0 0，中所述，BizTalk定義一特別標記組 (或Biz標記）在訊息之内以用來規定商業文件標題 一BizTalk祠服器使用包括在Blz標記内的資料以決定正石 輸止(p.9 u)。不過，用來標示訊息本… 'νΆ自貝;^的“s己由各別作業決定。作業專用標記 上it) 内容或商業交易資訊之内)不屬Biz標 這種方法有不少的缺點。B i τ 么％闵么口处to 4走门〜 a I k系統是非常有限的 糸統因為只月b根據固定的BizTaik搞 或介紹資料的訊息。B i zTa 1 k系紐5K "己組投送或切換標頭 μ、、死不作決定或投送/切換根
第5頁 561737 五、發明說明（3) 據訊 條^息本文的實際内容或商業資料（如’商業交易資訊） 訊息。另外，為了提供路徑或位址資料，BizTalk系統 求訊息相配固定B i z標記組的要求格式，胃格式缺乏彈性 及玎能具有根據其他XML型語言（如，CXML，ML)提供的 徑及切，訊息。最後，許多處理節點，應用祠服器等 ί H:ί，例如建立連·，通信及處理商業有關資料 I二、㈠月f I，發票或其他商業交易。另外讓-伺服器負 責；=決定將要求重要應用的處理循環或帶寬。如 過負荷或負面影響伺服器充分處理商業交 圖式簡單說明 構= : =體實施ϋ的詳細說明及申請範圍及參考 顯。雖然，前述及明的了解會更明 日月。本發明的範圍及精^t：：===不能限制本發 制。下列為圖式的簡單說明^:υ利範圍的條款限 圖1為一方塊圖顯示根據一呈、· 圖2為-流程圖顯；^二：：的-網路系統。 導向器的操作。 象/、體具施例的内容基準訊息 圖3為一方塊圖顯示根據一 圖4為-方塊圖顯示奸f 一：體，例的-導向器。 圖5為一方塊圖g _ κ康體貫施例的一管理器。 導向器操作環境的另外例子/、體只靶例的内容基準訊息
>61737 發明說明（4) 圖6為一方綠]_ 置。 A圖”、、員示根據另外具體實施例的一網路裝 洋細說明 在一網路與複數個處理節 網頁伺服器、應用伺服 路由器、開關或其他裝 根據一項示範性具體實施例 。。二t種網路裝置（如 态、貫現伺服5|、^ 置）。網路裂署\ i 器、路由器、開關或其他裝 器）粑壚句2古匕括一内容基準訊息導向器（如，XML導向 容，將自烟°業父易資訊之信息訊息中的應用資料内 節點：t古路所接收到的訊息投送或引導至其中一個處理 型語言奴有利，該應用資料（包括商業交易資訊）為一xml 料了 、封包或其他包絡（envel〇pe)傳輸應用資 或程ί /·貝科（例如，商業交易資訊）為一種須要由一應用 他節應用祠服器，一XML伺服器（處理Μ文件）或其 程次資料2的資料。冑業交易資訊可包括各種不同應用 答覆、、於ΐ:易育訊’例如採購定單、發票、存貨申請成 月又示報價' 股票交易申請或確認、標 心裝運船/ $貨說明式由咬 U丄,+ -欠又易舉 度、六 /又^况月或申请、材料或負源用途標示或量 人易有關資料及其詳細等等。 根據 _ xs _1> ^ ' 裝置I古:S 一項以上一項或一項以上具體實施例，網路 (L 許夕優點。第一 ’由檢查很多超過一申譜線 易資訊及Ϊ息標頭及進入訊息的應用資料（例如商業交 水準用於、内容，商業可提供改良的服務區別及不同服務 用於根據訊息中商業交易資訊接收的申請及訊息。第 五、發明說明（5) 路穿$，仏内谷基準訊息導向器（或皿導向哭) 路破置位於網路與一項或一項以 σ。）作為一網 ，間’檢查應用資料或商業交易資；及：：：應用伺服器 即點（如，執行XML切換）的負擔、° 換至—特別處理 路褒置(如，網路用具，網路處理：，c載至一網 =輸送或協 只要 示：ί圖7二相/=馬表示相似元件，圖1為-方塊圖顯 虞 體““列的一網路系統。如圖i所示，許多客 ::、：二網路，例如，網際網路130，輕合或連接至-2中〜135。客戶，例如，包括一飼服器ιι〇並包括一 ΐ Λ式112 ，—電腦120(例如，一個人電腦或手提電 細）並包括一網頁瀏覽器122及一無線裝置132，例如，一 2人數位助理器（PDA)或一無線電話（或行動電話）。無線 、置1 3 2經由通#鏈1 3 4及1 3 6耦合網際網路1 3 〇或至資料中 ^ 1 3 5。鏈1 3 4及1 3 6各包括一項或一項以上的無線鏈（如， 行動電話或其他鏈）或有線鏈。各客戶，包括伺服器丨丨〇， 電腦120及裝置132可經由網際網路13〇傳送及接收訊息及 使用各種不同的協定及輸送。 負料中心1 3 5用來傳送，接收及處理各種訊息，申請， 商業交易’採購定單，股票報價或股票交易，及其他資 561737 五、發明說明（6) 料。資料中心1 3 5包括一些處理節點（如，伺服器），包括 伺服器1 5 0，伺服器1 6 0及1 7 0用於處理各種定單，商業交 易及其他申請。資料中心1 3 5的不同伺服器經分配以提供 不同服務，或不同水準的服務。根據一具體實施例，用戶 及資料中心135由傳送及接收XML訊息（xml或XML型語言提 供的資料），或根據資料交換的其他型式構造語法的訊 息。 各飼服器（如，伺服器150，160及170)經一開關165耦合 一通訊資料量管理器丨4 〇。通訊資料量管理器丨4 〇執行有關
通七資料量管理的不同功能，包括負載平衡（如，平衡進 來訊息的負載或根據某種政策，例如循環，最少數連接， 或其他負載平衡技術，經現有伺服器的申請）。 =麥考圖1的客戶，應用程式112為一商業程式或一管理 存貝私式’疋單或其他商業交易。例如，應用程式11 2自 動及電子偵測存貨已減少至低於下限值及然後自動產生及 ，送一採購定單至資料中心1 3 5的一供應商的伺服器以申 請額外供應或存貨裝運。如此，伺服器11 0起動，例如， :商f對商業（δ2Β)交易由傳送一電子定單至供應商位於 資料中心135的遠方伺服器。 ^心·^子’網頁劉覽器122向遠方伺服器（如，位於資 1 申請網頁，商業資料或其他資料。網頁瀏覽 Μ $ j t 或郵寄採購定單，商業交易，或其他商業資 2t右二服态，即位於資料中心135。無線裝置132接收 貝枓或有關採購定單的資料，商業交易，網頁，股票報
561737 五、發明說明（7) " — ^ 遊戲分數及其他資料來自一項或一項以上的遠方伺服 器（例如，伺服器位於資料中心135)。 根據一具體實施例，伺服器丨丨〇，電腦丨2 〇及無線裝置 1 3 2各與一項或一項以上的遠方伺服器（如，伺服器1 5 0， 160及170)通信或交換資料由傳送及接收XML資料（即，應 用貪料根據XML標準或根據一項或一項以上的XML型語言編 碼或袼式化）。 根據一具體實施例，通訊資料量管理器丨4 〇包括一内容 基準訊息導向器1 45根據基於應用資料之内容，例如，交 易資訊（即以XML資料提供）以引導或切換訊息至一選擇的 的伺服器。通訊資料量管理器140及/或訊息導向器145為 軟體，硬體或兩者結合，及由網路處理器提供或為其一部 ^刀 必須注忌，‘向斋1 4 5可自行操作或作為較大網路裝 置的一部份，例如通訊資料量管理器1 4 〇的一部份。 根據一具體實施例，因為XML優點，較有利，應用資料 可在資料中心135的伺服器及一項或一項以上的客戶或計 算節點之間由傳送及接收包括根據XML標準編碼及格式化 的應用資料的訊息交換。所以，根據一具體實施例，導向 裔1 45為一XML導向器因為根據訊息中的xml資料引導（或^ 送/切換）進來訊息至一特別伺服器。XML資料，較理想，又 相配XML標準要求的格式或語法。使用標記格式（如，開始 標記，結束標記）及其他語法（如，標示資料）的文件相配^ XML標準被認為是一良好構成的xml文件。 所以，在一具體實施例中，内容基準訊息導向器145為
561737 五、發明說明（8) 一 XML導向器。不過，必須明白，導向器145可引導或切換 訊息，基本上，具有任何形式構造的語法，包括任何形式 的標記語言。 圖1所示通訊資料量管理器14〇及導向器丨45的具體實施 例的一優點特徵為通訊資料量管理器丨4 〇及導向器1 4 5位於 一項或一項以上飼服器或處理節點的前端。由將電腦，伺 服器或計算系統中通訊資料量管理器丨4 〇及導向器丨4 5放在 處理節點或伺服為（如圖1所示）（如，在網路1 3 〇及伺服器 化間耗合）的前端，通訊資料量管理功能及導向器丨4 5的功 旎自一應用伺服器卸載至一分離及/或專用網路裝置或網 路系統。如此’較有利，便能釋放節點或應用伺服器這些 額外處理負載。 一 流程圖顯示根據一具體實施例的内容基準訊 圖2為 導向器的操作。在方塊21Q，導向器145接收—訊息。°訊匕息 =任何輸达或協定傳送，例如，傳輸控制協S(TCp)， 協定（FTP)，簡單郵件傳輸協定（SMTP)，無線應用 協疋（WAP，使用無線裝置傳送及接收 ^JUTTP)，〇 何特定輸送或協定，反之為獨立輸送。 和龈任 種HTTP郵件為訊息的—例子。
申請）的格式表示如下： $丨仵Λ息（或HTTP <WHURL):鑑定—處理訊息標頭程式（G或更多） 本文（應用資料或XML資料；只用於p〇ST)
第11頁 561737 五、發明說明（9) 例子： POST www;acme.com/purchasing/order.cgi HTTP/1.1 内容型式：text/xml 内容長度：1 230 使用者代理：Cem-Line Mode/2.15 日期：3/27/00 <XML> <From>Intel.com</From> <To>bookstore.com</To> <PurchaseBook> <ISBN>02013798233</ISBN> <PurchaseAmount>98</PurchaseAmount> </PurchaseBook> </XML> 在本例中，在申請線上提供一URL(或申請線）以鑑定一 私式或應用以處理訊息。一些標頭線（内容型式，内容長 度，日期，等。）標示一HTTP標頭。應用資料在HTTP標頭 之後’及在本例中為XML資料。一開如標記<xml>，及結束 標記</XML> ’分別用來鑑定應用資料（或XML資料）的開始 及結束。這種XML應用資料也稱為XML文件。XML文件包括 標示特性（或標記）以說明資料，及資料特性。如例，上述
561737 五、發明說明（ίο) · ' "-- XML文件的” To”元件書寫如下·· mrtoreK 丁0>。其*<To>為開始標記及 y束以’用來標示特性因為該等標記說明資料特性 (bookstore, com)。商章夺篇咨印士贫士血 門系又易貝讯祝明商業交易（致（To)， 自（From)，採購項目，採購金額，數量，等。），及 括在用來傳送訊息包絡的URL，Ηττρ標頭， ^ 頭（如，IP標頭，TCP標頭）之内。 了，、他枯 換雖中請線或url及/wm標頭執行切 換，本叙明係為一種直接根據應用資料 括商業交易資訊)在網路裝置上執行切換的= 在本例中’在有關父易或說明交易的應 料内提供商業交易資訊，包括，例如，何種商業交= 採購定単或欲購買一本書），誰發送資料及資料给唯，一 ISBN號碼以鑑定採購的物品及採購的金額 (PUr = aseAm〇unt)。這只是商業交易資訊種類的例子據此 導向益1 45可以分析及完成訊息傳送路徑或切換決定。 在圖2方塊215 ’導向器145(圖υ分析所有或部份應用 資料（本例中為XML資料）及可檢查以確保XML文件或應g 料良好形成（即’檢查及確認至少一部份的皿文件：配所 謂良好形成約束或XML規格或標準要求）。分析一般參考文 字或XML資料分類處理即標示XML文件作為標示（如^<τ〇〉） 或文字資料（如，bookstore, com)。 在圖2方塊220，應用資料或XML資料（包括標示文字及/ 或文字資料）比較一項或一項以上組態模式或詢問（儲存在
第13頁 561737 五、發明說明（ll) 導向器1 4 5内）以決定是否相配 根據 去朴斗、 …具體實施例，全 果式由一使用者或由一程式或應用動態修改或更 、、且態 如，一程式可债測一或多飼服器的故障及/或價測。例。 的回應時間，及然後為了網路修改而更新組態模°窃 將^碌伺服器的訊息轉向到較閒的伺服器，或從 α， 服器轉到有效的飼服器）。 早的伺 在方塊22 5，如果在訊息的應用資料的内容（如， ”訊以XML資料提供）及組態模式或詢問之間相配两^ 向态1 45引導或切換訊息至資料中心的相當伺服器（如、，導 態模式所示引導至特定的伺服器）。如果為多重相配，^ 向器1 45根據第一相配引導訊息，或使用一負載平衡政 平衡一組伺服态之間的訊息。如果沒有相配，可以引導訊 息至一預設伺服器或可以擋住訊息。或者，組態模式也可 以鑑定傳送中訊息必須擋住的一適當圖型。在這種情況 下，導向器1 4 5也可以作為濾波器，根據應用資料，選擇 通過或傳送某些訊息，同時擋住其他訊息。 例如，導向器1 45的構造可引導或切換訊息，根據下列 組態模式或詢問：
伺服器 IP位址 埠 XML圖型 S1 (如，1 5 0 10.1.1.1 S2(如，160 10.1.1.2 S3(如，170 10.1.1.3 80 To二bookstore.com 80 To=stockquote.com 80 To=computerstore.com
第14頁 561737 五、發明說明（13) ，士例中：採購定單的訊息傳送至伺服器如果採購金 1 了 : 1 0 0，採購定單的訊息傳送至伺服器S2如果採購金 == 1 0 0 0及大於$100 ;及對於高金額採講，採講定單 = $ 1 0 0 0的訊息j傳送至二者之中任何一词服器。在這 鞏f145(圖U可引導或投送基於訊息中應用 =或商業·父易貧訊之内容的訊息。如此容許網站 不同或差別水準服務 貝料或父易貢訊之内容提供 採例：：已分配兩伺服器(S3及S4)處理最高額金額 特別分配較大資源(如，與-飼服器比 在資料;、二你為）用於較低金額採購更大金額採購， 在貝枓中心1 3 5操作一雷早亦|, u · 、 水準服務用於具有較高全— 可提供較高 πτ ^ , σσ , 间金額的採購定單訊息。在這種情況 導J :二:改據各種不同的商業交易資訊可切換或引 導況息至其他網路裝置或—特別飼服器。 而H h方塊圖顯不根據一具體實施例的-導向器。導 ^ 5A包括—方塊31 G以決定是否接收的訊息包括XML資 小Ϊ f 一具體貫施例’如果訊息不包括XML資料，訊息將 二=通過（即，直接）至輪出如果經導向器145A作任何進— 二處理。> 果訊息不包括XML資料，則訊息將作分析以完 成投送或切換決定，如下說明。 & XMI在Μ中有許多方法可以決定是否接收的訊息包括 貝；'：。根據一具體實施例，一定型式的檔案名稱（如，
第16頁 561737
，出二面3 2 0根據本決定切換或引導訊息（如，投送訊息 至处理節點或伺服器由相配組態模式表示）。例如，如果 =相配，輸出介面3 2 〇過濾或阻擋訊息，或引導或投送訊 心至預设伺服器或一預定伺服器位於資料中心1 3 5。如 果發現相配’輸出介面3 2 〇切換或引導訊息至適當目的地 (如，&資料中心1 35内的適當處理節點或伺服器）。 ^態模式為了特別相配，可要求多重圖型，或甚至於應 中。 用資料中的資料元件分層配置。例如，決定邏輯3 1 6接收 一組態模式並標示： 伺服器 IP位址s 1 (如，1 50 ) 10.1.1.1 XML 圖型
From = Inte1 ； and PurchaseAmount < $ 100 ymt 種情況丁’切換決定邏輯31 6將檢查應用資料（或 於杳貝六;斗）丄首先鑑定一格式標記以設定至Intel。其次， 二又易資訊以鑑定一採購金額小於$ 1 〇 〇。如果兩項都 發現’這表示相配。 枯趨ί在商業乂易資訊及圖型之間發現相配’内容基準切 例^ ° 3 1 6一輪出一切換決定至一輸出介面3 2 0。切換決定， 歹σ 表不發現一相配及鑑定處理節點或伺服器（如，由 4止及連接埠號碼或其他識別器）以引導訊息。
561737 五、發明說明（16) 根據一具體貫施例’決定邏輯3 1 6提供一 I P位址及連接 蟑號碼以用來作為訊息的新目的地I P位址及目的地連接璋 號碼。輸出介面3 2 0轉移原來目的地I P位址及連接埠號碼 (即’通訊資料量管理器140或導向器145A的IP位址及連接 埠號碼）收到的訊息的封包或包絡的目的地IP位址及連接 埠號碼至由決定邏輯3 1 6提供的新目的地I P位址及連接埠 號碼。根據一具體實施例，新目的地I P位址鑑定一處理節 點或伺服器（如，在資料中心1 3 5之内或其他地方）及新目 的地連接埠號碼鑑定一程式或應用藉此處理節點或伺服器 接收及處理訊息。 訊息（如，使用相關的TCP及I P標頭轉移或修改以包括新 目的地IP位址及連接埠號碼）則由導向器145及通訊資料量 管理器1 4 0輸出。開關1 6 5接收訊息及根據I P位址投送訊息 至適當處理節點或伺服器。 根據一具體實施例，一客戶（如，一伺服器11 〇，電腦 120，等等，圖1)傳送一訊息首先建立一連線（如，一TCP 連線），及然後傳送訊息經HTTP(或其他運輸）至通訊資料 量管理器140及/或導向器145A。導向器145A分析XML資 料，及根據訊息中的商業交易資訊完成一切換決定並比較 一項或一項以上組態模式。一新連線建立在通訊資料量管 理器140或導向器145A及目的地處理節點或伺服器之間。 然後，從導向器1 45A引導或投送訊息至特定的節點或伺服 器。 圖4為一方塊圖顯示根據一具體實施例的一管理器。通
第19頁 561737 五、發明說明（19) 導向器145(或145A或B) ’安全加速器415及中間 (或負載平衡器）以不同組合根據狀況由網路裝置提：。圖 6為一方塊圖顯示根據另外具體實施例的一網路穿置 如，各個導向器145，安全加速器415或負載平衡~器或= 間裝置4 1 0 )由自己提供。或者，全部三項安全加 415，XML導向器145及一負載平衡器，由—網路裝、置°或通 訊資料量管理器提供，如圖6所示。或，XML導向器145只 結合一 XML導向器145或一負載平衡器（中間裝置41 。豆 他結合也可能。 圖5為一方塊圖顯示根據一具體實施例的内容基準訊幸、 導向器145'操作環境的另外例子。如上述，XML不定義一固 定標記組，而是只定義一語法或結構格式藉此用戶可以定 義自有的標記組或自有的XML型語言。事實上，有呼多不 同的XML型語言在使用’各具有唯一的一組標記以定義何 種7G件必須提供以符合XML語言。 XML浯吕由一有效範本（表示標遁的適當型式）定義，該 範本在XML稱為文件型式定義（DTD)。例如，Micr〇s〇ft& 司的B^zT^包括一組XML標記，Ariba公司的aML包括自 有的一組標記；C〇mmerce 0ne的⑶^包括另一組XM]L標記， 而WML(無線‘示忐§ )定義另一組ml標記用於通信或資料 交換至及自一無線裝置。各個XML·型語言包括一不同或唯 一組的標記並且一般不容於其他語言。例如，一客戶使用 CXML傳送資料將不能與只接收根據m提供的資料的一處 理節點或伺服器維持良好通信。
561737 五、發明說明（20) — 根據本發明的優點特徵，導向器145可接收一XML訊息， 比較應用資料或商業交易資訊與組態模式，及引導或投送 訊息（或完成切換或投送決定）至一適當處理節點或伺服器 而不拘訊息使用的XML型語言的型式。一旦導向器145的結 構以偵測或承認一項或一項以上的定標記及相當資料 (如，採購金額> $ 1 0 〇 )，導向器1 4 5可引導或投送基於應 用資料内容之訊息（如，根據商業交易資訊提供作為XML資 料），而不拘訊息使用的XML型語言的型式。 如圖5所示，導向器1 45耦合開關1 65。有三組伺服器（或 資料中心）耦合開關1 6 5，包括：一組B i zTa 1 k伺服器5 1 0 (包括伺服器1及2)使用一XML型語言如BizTalk通信資料； 一組Ariba伺服器515(包括伺服器3及4)使用一XML型語言 如CXML通信資料；及一組無線伺服器5 2 〇 (包括伺服器5及 6)只使用XML型語言如無線標示語言或WML通信資料。這些 只是作為例子。如此，導向器丨45作為一閘路或介面操 作’接收來自各種不同客戶使用各種不同XML型語言的訊 息，及引導或投送訊息至適當的節點或伺服器。 一本發明的一些具體實施例特別在本文中說明及/或圖 =。不過，可以想到已包含在上述的教學及附件申請專利 範圍的條款中的本發明的變化及修改並不背離本發明 圍及精神。
第23頁

Claims (1)

  1. 5辑7紙修乎 號卯108927_&年7月f1日 修正_ 六、申請專利範圍 1 . 一種耦合於一網路與複數個處理節點間用於内容基準 切換之網路裝置，如果該訊息包含XML資訊，則根據在該 訊息内X M L之商業交易資訊，該網路裝置決定及分析該訊 息的至少一部份，及投送或引導該訊息至該處理節點之 一，否則，如果該訊息不包含XML資訊，則該網路裝置實 質上跳過或忽略該訊息中X M L相關處理。 2. 如申請專利範圍第1項之網路裝置，其中該網路裝置 包括一通訊資料量管理器。 3. 如申請專利範圍第1項之網路裝置，其中該網路裝置 包括一網路處理器。 4. 如申請專利範圍第1項之網路裝置，其中該處理節點 包括伺服器，其用以處理訊息内提供的申請或 商業交易。 5. —種XML導向器，包括： 一XML檢查器，其用於決定是否一收到訊息包含XML資 訊； 一XML耦合於該檢查器之分析器，其用於如果該XML檢查 器決定該訊息包含XML資訊，分析於該訊息中之XML交易資 訊； 一内容基準切換決定邏輯，其耦合至該XML分析器，用 以接收一項或一項以上組態模式，如果該XML檢查器決定 該訊息包含XML資訊，該内容基準切換決定邏輯根據比較 一項或一項以上組態模式與該XML交易資訊結果，針對所 接收到的訊息進行切換決定；及
    Q:\70\70633-920704.ptc 第25頁 Μ 90108927 修正 A年7月4曰 Μ 90108927 修正 A年7月4曰 六 申請專利範圍 一輸出介面，其耦合至該内容基準切換決定邏輯， 如果該訊息包含XML資訊，用以根據該切換決定將訊息切 換一祠服器或其他處理節點，而如果該訊息不包含XML資 訊則該輸出介面不用XML分析切換該訊息。 6. —種用於内容基準切換之資料中心，包括： 複數個處理節點，其用以處理訊息； 一内容基準訊息導向器，其耦合於一網路及複數個處理 節點之間，該内容基準訊息導向器用以決定是否該訊息包 含X M L資訊，如果該訊息包含X M L資訊該内容基準訊息導向 器根據所接收到之訊息内的XML交易資訊，將接收自網路 的訊息投送或引導至其中一個處理節點，否則，當跳過或 忽略XML有關處理時，該内容基準訊息導向器投送式引導 該訊息。 7. —種耦合於一網路及複數個處理節點或伺服器之間的 網路裝置，該網路裝置包括： 一安全加速器； 一内容基準訊息導向器，其耦合至該安全加速器，用以 根據所接收到之訊息内的交易資訊，針對所接收到的訊息 進行切換或投送決定； 一負載平衡器，其耦合至該内容基準訊息導向器，用以 根據該切換決定將訊息投送或切換至複數個處理節點及應 用伺服器之一。 8.如申請專利範圍第7項之網路裝置，其中該交易資訊 包括以XML提供的商業交易資訊，以及其中該内容基準訊
    Q:\70\70633-920704.ptc 第26頁 ^61^7 丨 ^ .匕二案號90108927_心年7月f曰 修正_ 六、申請專利範圍 息導向器包括一XML導向器，其用以根據XML資料内容進行 投送或切換決定，以利於投送所接收到的訊息。 9.如申請專利範圍第7項之網路裝置，其中該安全加速 器包括一 S S L加速器。 1 0 . —種耦合於一網路及複數個處理節點或伺服器之間 用於内容基準切換之網路裝置，該網路裝置包括： 一安全加速器；及 一内容基準訊息導向器，其耦合至該安全加速器，用以 根據所接收到之訊息内的交易資訊將所接收到之訊息投送 或引導至該等處理節點及應用伺服器之一，該等訊息至少 有一些包括作為XML資料提供的交易資訊。 1 1 · 一種耦合於一網路及複數個處理節點或伺服器之間 用於内容基準切換之網路裝置，該網路裝置包括： 一内容基準訊息導向器，其耦合安全加速器，用以根據 所接收到的訊息内的交易資訊進行切換或投送決定，以利 於投送該所接收到的訊息，該等訊息至少有一些包括作為 XML資料提供的交易資訊； 一負載平衡器，其耦合至該内容基準訊息導向器，用以 根據該切換決定將訊息投送或切換至複數個處理節點之 -· 〇 1 2. —種XML基準切換方法，其包括： 接收一 XML訊息，該訊息包括以XML型語言所提供的商業 交易資訊； 決定是否該訊息包含XML資訊；及
    O:\70\70633-920704.ptc 第27頁 祕綱7. —— 匕''案號90108927 A年7月4日 修正_ 六、申請專利範圍 只有如果該訊息包含XML資訊，則執行下列步驟； X M L分析該訊息； 比較該XML商業交易資訊與一項或一項以上組態模式； 根據比較結果，將所接收到的訊息切換至用以處理XML 訊息的複數個處理節點或應用伺服器之一。
    Q:\70\70633-920704.ptc 第28頁
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US7590729B2 (en) 2009-09-15
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US20090216900A1 (en) 2009-08-27
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US20060288122A1 (en) 2006-12-21
US9712505B2 (en) 2017-07-18
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US7512711B1 (en) 2009-03-31
US7366781B2 (en) 2008-04-29
US20040205597A1 (en) 2004-10-14
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ATE466440T1 (de) 2010-05-15
US9369522B2 (en) 2016-06-14
US8862773B2 (en) 2014-10-14
US6732175B1 (en) 2004-05-04
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US9473411B2 (en) 2016-10-18
CA2406319A1 (en) 2001-10-25
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US20030028654A1 (en) 2003-02-06
US20160164955A9 (en) 2016-06-09
US7096270B2 (en) 2006-08-22
CN1631016A (zh) 2005-06-22
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US20150236958A1 (en) 2015-08-20
US8346969B2 (en) 2013-01-01

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