TW202413139A - Heat dissipation structure for electric vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

A heat dissipation structure for electric vehicle incudes a frame and a storage box combined with the frame. The leading edge of the storage box is provided with an arc guide surface. A battery slot is located in front of the arc guide and has a plurality of air holes. A rear central plate is located under the storage box and behind the battery slot and is provided with a plurality of air outlet holes tilted toward the rear and upper of the electric vehicle. A vehicle body cover has a plurality of air inlet holes tilted toward the rear and upper of the electric vehicle. The vehicle body cover is arranged around the storage box, the battery slot and the rear central plate to form air channels located on the left and right sides of the electric vehicle. The air channel is connected with the air inlet hole and the air outlet hole.

Description

Heat dissipation structure of electric vehicle

The present invention mainly relates to a heat dissipation structure, and in particular to a heat dissipation structure of an electric vehicle for air cooling and heat dissipation of a battery of an electric vehicle.

According to the data, the motor, motor controller and battery of an electric vehicle are the key components that mainly affect the driving performance of the electric vehicle, and temperature is the most important factor that causes the impact. In particular, when the battery temperature is too high or the temperature rises too quickly, the battery will start to automatically reduce the load, resulting in a decrease in the driving performance of the electric vehicle.

Please refer to FIG. 1 , which is a known electric vehicle. The known electric vehicle has a storage box 91, a battery slot 92 and a body cover. The battery slot 92 is arranged in front of the storage box 91. The body cover is arranged around the storage box 91 and the battery slot 92 and has a center cover 93. The center cover 93 is located in front of the battery slot 92 and has a plurality of air inlet holes 94.

Please refer to FIG. 2 . In the above-mentioned known electric vehicle, although the outside cooling air can flow into the inner side of the vehicle body cover through the plurality of air inlet holes 94 and try to make the hot air generated by the battery disposed in the battery slot 92 flow backward, the known electric vehicle does not properly guide the outside cooling air to the battery slot 92 to dissipate the heat of the battery. Furthermore, the front edge surface of the storage box 91 located behind the battery slot 92 is flat, which further blocks the circulation of the hot air on the inner side of the vehicle body cover, causing most of the hot air to accumulate between the storage box 91 and the battery slot 92, and it is not easy to be discharged, so that the temperature of the battery rises, thereby affecting the driving performance of the electric vehicle.

In view of this, it is necessary to provide a heat dissipation structure for an electric vehicle to solve the above-mentioned problem.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a heat dissipation structure for an electric vehicle, which can perform air cooling and heat dissipation on the battery of the electric vehicle.

To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a heat dissipation structure of an electric vehicle, comprising: a frame; a storage box, which is combined with the frame, and the front edge of the storage box is provided with an arc guide surface; a battery slot, which is located in front of the arc guide surface and has a plurality of ventilation holes; a rear center cover, which is located below the storage box and behind the battery slot, and the left and right sides of the rear center cover are respectively provided with air outlet holes, and the air outlet holes extend obliquely toward the upper rear of the electric vehicle; and a body cover, which has a plurality of air inlet holes, and the air inlet holes extend obliquely toward the upper rear of the electric vehicle, and the body cover is arranged around the storage box, the battery slot and the rear center cover to form an air flow channel located on the left and right sides of the electric vehicle, and the air flow channel connects the air inlet holes and the air outlet holes.

In some embodiments, the body cover includes a center cover and two side covers, the center cover is located in front of the battery tank, and the two side covers are located on the left and right sides of the rear of the center cover. The air inlet is respectively arranged at the left and right ends of the center cover, and cooling air is blown from the air inlet to the vent of the battery tank.

In some embodiments, the center cover has a front shell portion and side shell portions located on both sides of the front shell portion, and the front shell portion and the side shell portions are integrally formed or assembled.

In some embodiments, the side shell is provided with a slot, a plurality of blades are provided in the slot, and the air inlet hole is formed between two adjacent blades.

In some embodiments, each blade has a left end, a right end, and a middle portion, wherein the middle portion is located between the left end and the right end, and the middle portion is lower than the left end and the right end when viewed from the top and bottom. Thus, the cold air outside is guided to the battery tank at the upper rear portion.

In some embodiments, the body cover includes a center cover and two side covers, the center cover is located in front of the battery slot, and the two side covers are located on the left and right sides of the rear of the center cover. The air inlet is arranged at the front end position of the two side covers closer to the center cover, and cooling air is blown from the air inlet to the vent hole of the battery slot.

In some embodiments, the air inlet has an air inlet end and an air outlet end, and the diameter of the air inlet gradually decreases from the air inlet end to the air outlet end. In this way, the flow rate of the external cold air entering the vehicle body cover is increased, so that the heat generated by the battery is taken away more quickly toward the rear center cover, which has the effect of improving the heat dissipation effect of the battery.

In some embodiments, the air outlet has an air inlet end and an air outlet end, and the diameter of the air outlet gradually decreases from the air inlet end to the air outlet end. In this way, the airflow passing through the air outlet end can be taken away to the rear of the electric vehicle more quickly, which has the effect of improving the heat dissipation effect of the battery.

In some embodiments, the air outlet does not exceed the outer edge of the frame in the width direction of the electric vehicle, thereby preventing the rear center cover from being enlarged.

In some embodiments, the electric vehicle further comprises an exhaust plate, which is combined with the front top edge of the storage box. The exhaust plate is located in front of the battery tank and has a plurality of exhaust holes opened upward. Cooling air passes through the vent holes to exhaust the hot air in the battery tank through the exhaust holes. In this way, the heat dissipation effect of the battery is further improved.

The heat dissipation structure of the electric vehicle of the present invention has the following characteristics: the external cooling air can enter the inner side of the body cover through the plurality of air inlet holes to cool the battery, and the external cooling air can take the heat generated by the battery to the rear of the electric vehicle through the guidance of the arc guide surface, and discharge the heat through the air outlet holes provided on the rear center cover along the air flow channel. In this way, the heat dissipation structure of the electric vehicle of the present invention can achieve the effect of preventing the electric vehicle from activating the load reduction protection mechanism and affecting the riding performance of the electric vehicle.

The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail with reference to the drawings. The attached drawings are mainly simplified schematic diagrams, which only illustrate the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner. Therefore, only the components related to the present invention are marked in the drawings, and the components shown are not drawn in the number, shape, size ratio, etc. during implementation. The specifications and dimensions during actual implementation are actually a selective design, and the layout of the components may be more complicated.

The following descriptions of the embodiments refer to the attached drawings to illustrate specific embodiments in which the present invention can be implemented. The directional terms mentioned in the present invention, such as "upper", "lower", "front", "back", etc., are only with reference to the directions of the attached drawings. Therefore, the directional terms used are used to illustrate and understand the present application, rather than to limit the present application. In addition, in the specification, unless explicitly described to the contrary, the word "comprising" will be understood to mean including the elements described, but not excluding any other elements.

Please refer to Figures 3 and 4, which is a preferred embodiment of the heat dissipation structure of the electric vehicle of the present invention, which includes: a frame 1, a storage box 2, a battery tank 3, a rear center cover 4 and a body cover 5, the storage box 2 is combined with the frame 1, the battery tank 3 is connected to the storage box 2, the rear center cover 4 is combined with the storage box 2, and the body cover 5 is arranged around the storage box 2, the battery tank 3 and the rear center cover 4.

In this embodiment, the frame 1 includes a head tube 11, a steering mechanism 12 is provided above the head tube 11, a front fork unit 13 is connected below the steering mechanism 12, and a front wheel 14 is pivotally provided below the front fork unit 13; furthermore, a main tube 15 is connected below the head tube 11, the main tube 15 extends toward the rear of the electric vehicle and is provided with a pair of side frame tubes 16 on the left and the right, wherein the side frame tube 16 located on the left side has a left pedal tube 16a, and the side frame tube 16 located on the right side has a right pedal tube 16b. The frame 1 is provided with a rear wheel 17 at the rear, and a driving motor 18 is provided on the side or in front of the rear wheel 17. The driving motor 18 is used to drive the rear wheel 17 to rotate, thereby driving the electric vehicle forward. In addition, the frame 1 is provided with a seat 19 at a position behind the steering mechanism 12 and above the rear wheel 17, and the seat 19 is provided for the driver of the electric vehicle to sit.

Please refer to Figures 3 and 5. The storage box 2 is detachably connected to the frame 1 and is located below the seat 19. The storage box 2 is used to provide the driver with storage items. In this embodiment, the front edge of the storage box 2 is provided with an arc guide surface 21. The arc guide surface 21 is used to guide the airflow to the rear of the electric vehicle so that the heat generated by the battery of the electric vehicle will not be accumulated at the front edge of the storage box 2, which has the effect of improving the heat dissipation effect of the battery.

Please refer to FIG. 4 , the battery slot 3 is located in front of the arc guide surface 21 of the storage box 2 and has a plurality of vents 31. Specifically, the battery slot 3 has a battery contact, which is electrically connected to the drive motor 18 and is provided for inserting a battery to provide power to the electric vehicle. For example, the battery can be a lithium battery. The heat generated by the battery during operation can flow out of the battery slot 3 through the plurality of vents 31; furthermore, the external cooling air can also flow into the battery slot 3 through the plurality of vents 31 to dissipate heat from the battery.

Please refer to Figures 4, 6a and 6b. The rear center cover 4 is located below the storage box 2 and behind the battery slot 3. The left and right sides of the rear center cover 4 are respectively provided with air outlets 41, and the air outlets 41 extend obliquely toward the upper rear of the electric vehicle. Specifically, the air outlet 41 has an air inlet end 411 and an air outlet end 412. The aperture of the air outlet 41 is gradually reduced from the air inlet end 411 to the air outlet end 412, so that the airflow passing through the air outlet end 412 can be taken away to the rear of the electric vehicle more quickly, which has the effect of improving the heat dissipation effect of the battery.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6a , when viewed from top to bottom, the air outlet 41 does not exceed the outer edge of the frame 1 in the width direction of the electric vehicle, so as to prevent the rear center cover 4 from being enlarged.

Please refer to Figures 3, 4, 6a and 7. The body cover 5 is detachably connected to the frame 1 and has a plurality of air inlet holes 51. The air inlet holes 51 extend obliquely toward the upper rear of the electric vehicle. Specifically, the air inlet holes 51 have an air inlet end and an air outlet end (not shown). The aperture of the air inlet holes 51 gradually decreases from the air inlet end to the air outlet end, so that the flow rate of the external cold air entering the body cover 5 is increased, so that the heat generated by the battery is taken away more quickly toward the rear center cover 4, which has the effect of improving the heat dissipation effect of the battery.

The body cover 5 is disposed around the storage box 2 , the battery compartment 3 and the rear center cover 4 to form an air flow channel 52 located at the left and right sides of the electric vehicle. The air flow channel 52 is connected to the air inlet 51 and the air outlet 41 .

4 , in this embodiment, the body cover 5 includes a center cover 50a and two side covers 50b, wherein the center cover 50a is located in front of the battery compartment 3, and the two side covers 50b are located on the left and right sides of the rear of the center cover 50a and below the left and right sides of the seat portion 19.

In detail, the center cover 50a has a front shell portion 501a and side shell portions 502a located on both sides of the front shell portion 501a. In one embodiment, the front shell portion 501a and the side shell portion 502a can be formed as one piece; in another embodiment, the front shell portion 501a and the side shell portion 502a can be formed by different molds and then assembled into a whole, thereby reducing the size and complexity of the mold for making the center cover 50a.

In one embodiment, the air inlet 51 is respectively disposed at the left and right ends of the center cover 50a, and the cooling air is blown from the air inlet 51 to the vent 31 of the battery tank 3. Preferably, the air inlet 51 is respectively disposed at the side shell 502a; in another embodiment, the air inlet 51 can also be disposed at the front end position of the two side covers 50b closer to the center cover 50a (not shown), and the cooling air is blown from the air inlet 51 to the vent 31 of the battery tank 3. Further, that is, the side shell 502a is formed at the front end of the side cover 50b, and the side shell 502a and the side cover 50b are formed into one body by one mold, or they can be formed by different molds and then assembled into one body.

Please refer to Figures 3, 4, 6a and 7, the side shell 502a is provided with a slot 53, and the slot 53 is provided with a plurality of blades 54, and the plurality of air inlet holes 51 are formed between two adjacent blades 54. Preferably, the two slots 53 are respectively arranged opposite to the left pedal tube 16a and the right pedal tube 16b of the frame 1, that is, most drivers' feet are placed right behind the pedals, so that the external cooling air is less likely to be blocked by the front body shell and can flow into the plurality of air inlet holes 51 more easily.

It is worth noting that each blade 54 has a left end 541, a right end 542 and a middle portion 543, wherein the middle portion 543 is located between the left end 541 and the right end 542, and the middle portion 543 is lower than the left end 541 and the right end 542 when viewed from the top and bottom. Thus, the cold air from the outside is guided to the battery tank 3 at the upper rear side.

4, 6a and 6b, the heat dissipation structure of the electric vehicle of the present invention may further include an exhaust plate 6, which is combined with the top edge of the storage box 2 and is located in front of the battery slot 3. The exhaust plate 6 has a plurality of exhaust holes 61 opened upward, and the cooling air passes through the vents 31 to exhaust the hot air in the battery slot 3 from the exhaust holes 61, thereby, the hot air around the battery slot 3 can be discharged upward through the plurality of exhaust holes 61, and will not accumulate near the battery slot 3, thereby affecting the performance of the battery in the battery slot 3.

Please refer to FIG8 . When the driver is riding the electric vehicle of the present invention, the external cooling air enters the vehicle body cover 5 through the plurality of air inlet holes 51, wherein the cooling air blows toward the plurality of vent holes 31 of the battery slot 3 to dissipate heat from the batteries in the battery slot 3, and then flows into the air flow channel 52, or directly discharges the hot air through the plurality of air outlet holes 61 of the air outlet plate 6, and the hot air taken away by the cooling air is guided to the air flow channel 52 along the arc guide surface 21 of the storage box 2, and flows toward the rear of the electric vehicle along the air flow channel 52, and then flows out through the air outlet holes 41 disposed on the left and right sides of the rear center cover 4. Thereby, the heat generated by the battery during operation is guided to the outside of the vehicle body cover 5, which has the effect of slowing down the temperature rise of the battery.

As mentioned above, the heat dissipation structure of the electric vehicle of the present invention can allow external cooling air to enter the inner side of the body cover through the plurality of air inlet holes to cool the battery, and through the guidance of the arc guide surface, the external cooling air can take the hot air generated by the battery to the rear of the electric vehicle, and discharge the hot air through the air outlet holes provided on the rear center cover along the air flow channel. In this way, the heat dissipation structure of the electric vehicle of the present invention can achieve the effect of preventing the electric vehicle from activating the load reduction protection mechanism and affecting the riding performance of the electric vehicle.

The above disclosed embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles, features and effects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any person skilled in the art may modify and alter the above embodiments without violating the spirit and scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes and modifications made using the contents disclosed in the present invention shall still be covered by the scope of the patent application below.

[The present invention] 1: Frame 11: Head tube 12: Steering mechanism 13: Front fork unit 14: Front wheel 15: Main tube 16: Side frame tube 16a: Left pedal tube 16b: Right pedal tube 17: Rear wheel 18: Drive motor 19: Seat 2: Storage box 21: Arc guide surface 3: Battery compartment 31: Ventilation hole 4: Rear center cover 41: Air outlet 411: Air intake end 412: Air outlet end 5: Body cover 50a: Center cover 501a: Front shell 502a: Side shell 50b: Side cover 51: Air intake hole 52: airflow channel 53: slot 54: blade 541: left end 542: right end 543: middle part 6: exhaust plate 61: exhaust hole (for common use) 91: storage box 92: battery slot 93: center cover 94: air inlet

[Figure 1] is a state diagram of the airflow direction of the external cooling air when the known electric vehicle is in operation; [Figure 2] is a state diagram of the airflow direction of the heat accumulated near the battery tank when the known electric vehicle is in operation; [Figure 3] is a three-dimensional combination diagram of the heat dissipation structure of the electric vehicle of the present invention; [Figure 4] is a partial three-dimensional combination diagram of Figure 3; [Figure 5] is a three-dimensional diagram of the storage box of the heat dissipation structure of the electric vehicle of the present invention; [Figure 6a] is a top view of the rear center cover of the heat dissipation structure of the electric vehicle of the present invention combined with the storage box; [Figure 6b] is a bottom view of the rear center cover of the heat dissipation structure of the electric vehicle of the present invention combined with the storage box; [Figure 7] is a partial enlarged view of Figure 4; [Figure 8] is a state diagram of the airflow direction of the heat dissipation structure of the electric vehicle of the present invention.

1: Frame

16: Side frame tube

17: Rear wheel

18: Driving motor

2: Storage box

21: Arc guide surface

3:Battery slot

31: Ventilation hole

41: Center cover

411: Air inlet

43: Rear center cover

45: Air vents

5: Exhaust plate

51: Exhaust hole

Claims (10)

A heat dissipation structure of an electric vehicle comprises: a vehicle frame; a storage box, combined with the vehicle frame, the front edge of the storage box is provided with an arc guide surface; a battery tank, located in front of the arc guide surface, and having a plurality of vents; a rear center cover, located below the storage box and behind the battery tank, the left and right sides of the rear center cover are respectively provided with air outlets, and the air outlets extend obliquely toward the upper rear of the electric vehicle; and a vehicle body cover, having a plurality of air inlet holes, the air inlet holes extend obliquely toward the upper rear of the electric vehicle, the vehicle body cover is provided around the storage box, the battery tank and the rear center cover to form air flow channels located on the left and right sides of the electric vehicle, and the air flow channels connect the air inlet holes and the air outlet holes. The heat dissipation structure of the electric vehicle as described in claim 1, wherein the body cover includes a center cover and two side covers, the center cover is located in front of the battery compartment, and the two side covers are located on the left and right sides of the rear of the center cover, the air inlet holes are respectively arranged at the left and right ends of the center cover, and cooling air is blown from the air inlet holes to the vent holes of the battery compartment. As described in claim 2, the heat dissipation structure of the electric vehicle, wherein the center cover has a front shell portion and side shell portions located on both sides of the front shell portion, and the front shell portion and the side shell portions are integrally formed or assembled together. In the heat dissipation structure of the electric vehicle as described in claim 3, the side shell is provided with a slot, a plurality of blades are provided in the slot, and the air inlet is formed between two adjacent blades. The heat dissipation structure of the electric vehicle as described in claim 4, wherein each blade has a left end, a right end and a middle portion, the middle portion is between the left end and the right end, and when viewed from the top and bottom, the middle portion is lower than the left end and the right end. The heat dissipation structure of the electric vehicle as described in claim 1, wherein the body cover includes a center cover and two side covers, the center cover is located in front of the battery slot, the two side covers are located on the left and right sides of the rear of the center cover, the air inlet is arranged at the front end position of the two side covers closer to the center cover, and cooling air is blown from the air inlet to the vent of the battery slot. As described in claim 1, the heat dissipation structure of the electric vehicle, wherein the air inlet has an air inlet end and an air outlet end, and the aperture of the air inlet gradually decreases from the air inlet end toward the air outlet end. In the heat dissipation structure of an electric vehicle as described in claim 1, the air outlet has an air inlet end and an air outlet end, and the aperture of the air outlet gradually decreases from the air inlet end toward the air outlet end. A heat dissipation structure for an electric vehicle as described in claim 1, wherein the air outlet does not extend beyond the outer edge of the frame in the width direction of the electric vehicle. The heat dissipation structure of the electric vehicle as described in claim 1, wherein the electric vehicle also includes an exhaust plate combined with the front top edge of the storage box, the exhaust plate is located in front of the battery slot and has a plurality of exhaust holes opened upward, and cooling air passes through the vents to exhaust the hot air in the battery slot through the exhaust holes.