TW201605857A - Cdk8之醫療性抑制劑及其用途 - Google Patents
Cdk8之醫療性抑制劑及其用途 Download PDFInfo
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- TW201605857A TW201605857A TW103134458A TW103134458A TW201605857A TW 201605857 A TW201605857 A TW 201605857A TW 103134458 A TW103134458 A TW 103134458A TW 103134458 A TW103134458 A TW 103134458A TW 201605857 A TW201605857 A TW 201605857A
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- Prior art keywords
- group
- pyrrolidin
- urea
- phenyl
- methylamino
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- C07D487/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D487/04—Ortho-condensed systems
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D403/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00
- C07D403/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings
- C07D403/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
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- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Plural Heterocyclic Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
本發明係關於式(I)化合物:
□及其鹽,其中R1至R4具有本說明書中所定義的任何值,以及其組合物及用途。該等化合物適用作CDK8抑制劑。亦包括包含本發明化合物之醫藥學上可接受之組合物及使用該組合物治療各種病症之方法。
Description
本發明係關於適用作CDK8抑制劑之化合物。
CDK8為介體複合物的組分2。介體複合物藉由偶合序列特異性轉錄因子與轉錄機構在轉錄中起重要作用。CDK8與細胞週期素C、MED12及MED13一起形成該複合物的CDK8模組。其可將RNA聚合酶II之C末端結構域、組蛋白H3之絲胺酸10及Smad13之絲胺酸206以及許多其他受質磷酸化。其調節轉錄路徑,包括β-索烴素、Notch、p53、血清反應因子及SMAD。其亦藉由使E2F1磷酸化且藉此逆轉其對β-索烴素活性之抑制而間接作用於β-索烴素4,5。
CDK8為致癌基因6,7。其在結腸癌中得以擴增且得以過度表現。另外,其能夠轉型NIH3T3細胞,如喪失接觸抑制、固著非依賴性生長及體內腫瘤生長所證明。值得注意的是,轉型在激酶死亡型CDK8的情況下不會發生,因此,其看似依賴於激酶活性。複本數增加之細胞株之CDK8阻斷基因表現將抑制細胞增殖。另外,在具有可誘導CDK8阻斷基因表現之鼠類異種移植模型中觀測到腫瘤生長抑制8。結腸癌中之CDK8介導之抑制的一種提議機制為下調CDK8含量較高之癌症中之β-索烴素路徑。然而,阻斷基因表現結果未使得能夠辨別CDK8之骨架及激酶功能之重要性。
CDK8及其搭配物細胞週期素C在人類癌症中失調9。對人類結腸
腫瘤樣品之回顧性分析顯示,CDK8之表現與β-索烴素活化及不良預後有關10,11。亦發現CDK8誘導富集於分化不良之結腸腫瘤中之胚胎幹細胞標籤且與不良預後有關8。其他細胞株、鼠類異種移植及人類腫瘤組織研究亦將CDK8與黑素瘤相關聯13。此研究所依據之治療性假設為CDK8之小分子抑制劑將抑制展現CDK8擴增及/或過度表現之腫瘤子集生長。可能之適應症包括結腸癌及黑素瘤。
當前需要可抑制CDK8以便治療過度增殖性疾病的化合物。
一個態樣包括式(I)化合物:
或其鹽,其中:R1係選自:
且其中R1係獨立地視情況經1、2或3個Rx基團取代;R2及R3獨立地為H、C1-12烷基、C2-12烯基、C2-12炔基、碳環基、芳基、雜芳基、雜環基、鹵基、-ORa、-SRa、-N(Ra)2、-CN、-NO2、-C(O)Ra、-CO2Ra、-C(O)N(Ra)2、-C(O)SRa、-C(O)C(O)Ra、-C(O)CH2C(O)Ra、-C(S)N(Ra)2、-C(S)ORa、-S(O)Ra、-SO2Ra、-SO2N(Ra)2、-N(Ra)C(O)Ra、-N(Ra)C(O)N(Ra)2、-N(Ra)SO2Ra、-N(Ra)SO2N(Ra)2、-N(Ra)N(Ra)2、-N(Ra)C(=N(Ra))N(Ra)2、-C(=N)N(Ra)2、-C=NORa、-C(=N(Ra))N(Ra)2、-OC(O)Ra或-
OC(O)N(Ra)2,其中R2及R3之各C1-12烷基、C2-12烯基、C2-12炔基、碳環基、芳基、雜芳基及雜環基係各自獨立地視情況經一或多個基團Rx取代;或R1及R2與其所連接之原子一起形成4、5、6、7或8員碳環基、雜環基、雜芳基或芳基,該碳環基、雜環基、雜芳基及芳基視情況經一或多個基團Rx取代;各Ra及Rb獨立地為H、C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、碳環基、芳基、雜芳基或雜環基,其中各C1-6烷基、C3-6烯基、C3-6炔基、碳環基、芳基、雜芳基及雜環基係獨立地視情況經一或多個基團Rx取代;或Ra及Rb與其所連接之氮一起形成3-6員雜環,該雜環視情況經側氧基、鹵基或視情況經側氧基或鹵基取代之C1-6烷基取代;各Rv獨立地為氫、C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、碳環基、芳基、雜芳基或雜環基,其中各C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、碳環基、芳基、雜芳基及雜環基視情況經一或多個基團取代,該一或多個基團係獨立地選自側氧基、鹵基、胺基、羥基及視情況經一或多個獨立地選自側氧基及鹵基之基團取代之C1-C6烷基;或兩個Rv與其所連接之氮一起形成3-6員雜環基,該雜環基視情況經一或多個基團取代,該一或多個基團係獨立地選自側氧基、鹵基及視情況經一或多個獨立地選自側氧基及鹵基之基團取代之C1-3烷基;且各Rx獨立地為側氧基、C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、C1-6鹵烷基、碳環基、芳基、雜芳基、雜環基、-F、-Cl、-Br、-I、-NO2、-N(Rv)2、-CN、-C(O)-N(Rv)2、-S(O)-N(Rv)2、-S(O)2-N(Rv)2、-O-Rv、-S-Rv、-O-C(O)-Rv、-O-C(O)-O-Rv、-C(O)-Rv、-C(O)-O-Rv、-S(O)-Rv、-S(O)2-Rv、-O-C(O)-N(Rv)2、-N(Rv)-C(O)-ORv、-N(Rv)-C(O)-N(Rv)2、-S(O)2-N(Rv)2、-N(Rv)-C(O)-Rv、-N(Rv)-S(O)-Rv、-N(Rv)-S(O)2-Rv、-N(Rv)-S(O)-N(Rv)2或-N(Rv)-S(O)2-N(Rv)2,其中任何C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、C1-6鹵烷基、碳環基、芳基、雜芳基及雜環
基係獨立地視情況經一或多個基團取代,該一或多個基團係選自側氧基、鹵基、-NO2、-N(Rv)2、-CN、-C(O)-N(Rv)2、-S(O)-N(Rv)2、-S(O)2-N(Rv)2、-O-Rv、-S-Rv、-O-C(O)-Rv、-C(O)-Rv、-C(O)-O-Rv、-S(O)-Rv、-S(O)2-Rv、-C(O)-N(Rv)2、-S(O)2-N(Rv)2、-N(Rv)-C(O)-Rv、-N(Rv)-S(O)-Rv、-N(Rv)-S(O)2-Rv及視情況經一或多個獨立地選自側氧基及鹵基之基團取代之C1-6烷基;且其中當R2為F且R3為氫時,則Rx不為甲基、乙基、三氟甲基或2-氟苯基。
另一態樣包括一種醫藥組合物,其包含式(I)化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽及醫藥學上可接受之佐劑、載劑或媒劑。
另一態樣包括一種治療與CDK8活性相關之疾病的方法,其包含向有需要之患者投與治療有效量之式(I)化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽。
另一態樣包括式(I)化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽之用途,其係用於治療。另一態樣包括式(I)化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽之用途,其係用於治療過度增殖性病症(在一個實例中為癌症)。
另一態樣包括式(I)化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽的用途,其係用於製造可治療與CDK8活性相關之疾病的藥物。
另一態樣包括用於研究諸如CDK8之激酶、研究由該CDK8介導之細胞內信號轉導路徑及比較性評估CDK8調節劑之化合物。
另一態樣包括一種製備式I化合物或其鹽之方法。
以下更詳細地描述定義及術語。根據Periodic Table of the
Elements,CAS版本,Handbook of Chemistry and Physics,第75版鑑別化學元素。
除非另外說明,否則式(I)化合物包括指定結構之對映異構、非對映異構及幾何(或構形)異構形式。舉例而言,包括針對各不對稱中心之R及S構形、Z及E雙鍵異構體、Z及E構形異構體、單一立體化學異構體以及對映異構、非對映異構及幾何(或構形)混合物。除非另外說明,否則包括本文中所描繪之結構的所有互變異構形式。另外,除非另外說明,否則本文所述之結構亦意欲包括僅在一或多個同位素富集原子之存在方面不同之化合物。舉例而言,包括式I化合物,其中進行以下獨立置換或富集中的一或多種:以氘或氚置換或富集氫、以13C或14C碳置換或富集碳、以15N氮置換或富集氮、以33S、34S或36S硫置換或富集硫、或以17O或18O氧置換或富集氧。該等化合物適用作例如分析工具、生物檢定中之探針或治療劑。
在描述特定對映異構體之情況下,在某些實施方案中,可提供實質上不含相應對映異構體之對映異構體,且亦可稱為「經光學富集」。如本文中所使用之「經光學富集」意謂由顯著較大比例之一種對映異構體組成且可由對映異構過量(ee%)加以描述之對映異構體混合物。在某些實施例中,對映異構體混合物由至少約90重量%指定對映異構體組成(約90% ee)。在其他實施例中,對映異構體混合物由至少約95重量%、98重量%或99重量%指定對映異構體組成(約95%、98%或99% ee)。可藉由熟習此項技術者已知的任何方法自外消旋混合物中分離對映異構體及非對映異構體,包括自溶劑中再結晶(其中一種立體異構體之溶解度大於另一種)、對掌性高壓液相層析法(HPLC)、超臨界流體層析法(SFC)、形成對掌性鹽及使其結晶,隨後藉由上述方法中之任一種加以分離或藉由不對稱合成且視情況進一步富集來製備。參見例如Jacques等人,Enantiomers,Racemates and Resolutions(Wiley Interscience,New York,1981);Wilen等人,Tetrahedron 33:2725(1977);Eliel,E.L.Stereochemistry of Carbon Compounds(McGraw-Hill,NY,1962);Wilen,S.H.Tables of Resolving Agents and Optical Resolutions第268頁(E.L.Eliel編,Univ.of Notre Dame Press,Notre Dame,IN 1972)。
術語「雜原子」意謂獨立地選自除碳或氫以外之原子的任何原子,例如氧、硫、氮、磷或矽中之一或多者(包括氮、硫、磷或矽之任何氧化形式;及任何氮之四級銨化形式)。
如本文中所使用之術語「鹵基」及「鹵素」係指選自氟(氟基,-F)、氯(氯基,-Cl)、溴(溴基,-Br)及碘(碘基,-I)的原子。鹵基之特定實例為氟基及氯基。
如本文中所使用之術語「不飽和」意謂部分具有一個或多個不飽和單元。
單獨或作為更大部分之一部分使用之術語「碳環基」係指具有3至20個碳原子之飽和、部分不飽和或芳族環系統。在一個實施例中,碳環基包括3至12個碳原子(C3-C12)。在另一實施例中,碳環基包括C3-C8、C3-C10或C5-C10。在其他實施例中,呈單環形式之碳環基包括C3-C8、C3-C6或C5-C6。在另一實施例中,呈雙環形式之碳環基包括C7-C12。在另一實施例中,呈螺環系統形式之碳環基包括C5-C12。單環碳環基之實例包括環丙基、環丁基、環戊基、1-環戊-1-烯基、1-環戊-2-烯基、1-環戊-3-烯基、環己基、氘代環己基、1-環己-1-烯基、1-環己-2-烯基、1-環己-3-烯基、環己二烯基、環庚基、環辛基、環壬基、環癸基、環十一烷基、苯基及環十二烷基;具有7至12個環原子之雙環碳環基包括[4,3]、[4,4]、[4,5]、[5,5]、[5,6]或[6,6]環狀系統,例如雙環[2.2.1]庚烷、雙環[2.2.2]辛烷、萘及雙環[3.2.2]壬烷;且螺碳環基包括螺[2.2]戊烷、螺[2.3]己烷、螺[2.4]庚烷、螺[2.5]辛烷
及螺[4.5]癸烷,各碳環基獨立地視情況經一或多個本文中所描述之基團取代。術語碳環基包括如本文中所定義之芳基環系統。
如本文中所使用之術語「烷基」係指飽和直鏈或分支鏈單價烴基。在一個實施例中,烷基為1至18個碳原子(C1-C18)。在其他實施例中,烷基為C0-C6、C0-C5、C0-C3、C1-C12、C1-C10、C1-C8、C1-C6、C1-C5、C1-C4或C1-C3。C0烷基係指鍵。烷基之實例包括甲基(Me、-CH3)、乙基(Et、-CH2CH3)、1-丙基(n-Pr、正-丙基、-CH2CH2CH3)、2-丙基(i-Pr、異丙基、-CH(CH3)2)、1-丁基(n-Bu、正丁基、-CH2CH2CH2CH3)、2-甲基-1-丙基(i-Bu、異丁基、-CH2CH(CH3)2)、2-丁基(s-Bu、s-丁基、-CH(CH3)CH2CH3)、2-甲基-2-丙基(t-Bu、t-丁基、-C(CH3)3)、1-戊基(正戊基、-CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3)、2-戊基(-CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH3)、3-戊基(-CH(CH2CH3)2)、2-甲基-2-丁基(-C(CH3)2CH2CH3)、3-甲基-2-丁基(-CH(CH3)CH(CH3)2)、3-甲基-1-丁基(-CH2CH2CH(CH3)2)、2-甲基-1-丁基(-CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH3)、1-己基(-CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3)、2-己基(-CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH3)、3-己基(-CH(CH2CH3)(CH2CH2CH3))、2-甲基-2-戊基(-C(CH3)2CH2CH2CH3)、3-甲基-2-戊基(-CH(CH3)CH(CH3)CH2CH3)、4-甲基-2-戊基(-CH(CH3)CH2CH(CH3)2)、3-甲基-3-戊基(-C(CH3)(CH2CH3)2)、2-甲基-3-戊基(-CH(CH2CH3)CH(CH3)2)、2,3-二甲基-2-丁基(-C(CH3)2CH(CH3)2)、3,3-二甲基-2-丁基(-CH(CH3)C(CH3)3)、庚基、辛基、壬基、癸基、十一烷基及十二烷基。C1-12烷基之特定實例為C1-6烷基。C1-6烷基之特定實例為甲基及乙基。
如本文中所使用之術語「烯基」表示具有至少一個雙鍵之直鏈或分支鏈單價烴基。烯基包括具有「順式」及「反式」定向或者「E」及「Z」定向之基團。在一個實例中,烯基為2至18個碳原子(C2-C18)。在其他實例中,烯基為C2-C12、C2-C10、C2-C8、C2-C6或C2-
C3。實例包括(但不限於)乙烯基(ethenyl或vinyl)(-CH=CH2)、丙-1-烯基(-CH=CHCH3)、丙-2-烯基(-CH2CH=CH2)、2-甲基丙-1-烯基、丁-1-烯基、丁-2-烯基、丁-3-烯基、丁-1,3-二烯基、2-甲基丁-1,3-二烯、己-1-烯基、己-2-烯基、己-3-烯基、己-4-烯基及己-1,3-二烯基。
如本文中所使用之術語「炔基」係指具有至少一個碳-碳三鍵之直鏈或分支鏈單價烴基。在一個實例中,炔基為2至18個碳原子(C2-C18)。在其他實例中,炔基為C2-C12、C2-C10、C2-C8、C2-C6或C2-C3。實例包括(但不限於)乙炔基(-C≡CH)、丙-1-炔基(-C≡CCH3)、丙-2-炔基(炔丙基,-CH2C≡CH)、丁-1-炔基、丁-2-炔基及丁-3-炔基。
術語「烷氧基」係指由式-OR表示之直鏈或分支鏈單價基團,其中R為烷基、烯基、炔基或碳環基。烷氧基包括甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基、異丙氧基、單氟甲氧基、二氟甲氧基及三氟甲氧基及環丙氧基。烷氧基之特定實例為甲氧基。
如本文中所使用之術語「鹵烷基」係指經一或多(例如1、2、3或4)個鹵基取代之如本文中所定義之烷基。鹵烷基之特定實例為三氟甲基及二氟甲基。
單獨或作為更大部分(如「芳基烷基」、「芳基烷氧基」或「芳氧基烷基」中)之一部分使用之術語係指單環、雙環或三環碳環系統,其包括稠合環,其中該系統中至少一個環為芳族。術語「芳基」可與術語「芳基環」可互換使用。在一個實施例中,芳基包括具有6-18個碳原子之基團。在另一實施例中,芳基包括具有6-10個碳原子之基團。芳基之實例包括苯基、萘基、蒽基、聯苯、菲基、稠四苯基、1,2,3,4-四氫萘基、1H-茚基、2,3-二氫-1H-茚基及其類似基團,其可以經或獨立地經一或多個本文中所描述之取代基取代。一個特定芳基為苯基。在另一個實施例中,芳基包括與一或多個碳環稠合之芳基環,諸如茚滿基、鄰苯二甲醯亞胺基、萘醯亞胺基、啡啶基或四氫萘
基及其類似基團,其中連接基團或點在芳環上。
單獨或作為更大部分(例如「雜芳基烷基」或「雜芳基烷氧基」)之一部分使用的術語「雜芳基」係指具有5至14個環原子之單環、雙環或三環系統,其中至少一個環為芳族且含有至少一個雜原子。在一個實施例中,雜芳基包括4-6員單環芳族基團,其中一或多個環原子為氮、硫或氧且獨立地視情況經取代。在另一實施例中,雜芳基包括5-6員單環芳族基團,其中一或多個環原子為獨立地視情況取代之氮、硫或氧。雜芳基之實例包括噻吩基、呋喃基、咪唑基、吡唑基、噻唑基、異噻唑基、噁唑基、異噁唑基、三唑基、噻二唑基、噁二唑基、四唑基、噻三唑基、噁三唑基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、吡嗪基、噠嗪基、三嗪基、四嗪基、四唑并[1,5-b]噠嗪基、咪唑[1,2-a]嘧啶基、嘌呤基、苯并噁唑基、苯并呋喃基、苯并噻唑基、苯并噻二唑基、苯并三唑基、苯并咪唑基、吲哚基、1,3-噻唑-2-基、1,3,4-三唑-5-基、1,3-噁唑-2-基、1,3,4-噁二唑-5-基、1,2,4-噁二唑-5-基、1,3,4-噻二唑-5-基、1H-四唑-5-基、1,2,3-三唑-5-基及吡啶-2-基N-氧化物。術語「雜芳基」亦包括雜芳基與一或多個芳基、碳環基或雜環基環稠合之基團,其中連接基團或點在雜芳基環上。非限制性實例包括吲哚基、異吲哚基、苯并噻吩基、苯并呋喃基、二苯并呋喃基、吲唑基、苯并咪唑基、苯并噻唑基、喹啉基、異喹啉基、啉基、酞嗪基、喹唑啉基、喹喏啉基、4H-喹嗪基、咔唑基、吖啶基、吩嗪基、吩噻嗪基、吩噁嗪基、四氫喹啉基、四氫異喹啉基及吡啶并[2,3-b]-1,4-噁嗪-3(4H)-酮。雜芳基可為單環、雙環或三環。
如本文中所使用,術語「雜環基」係指如本文中所定義之「碳環基」,其中一或多(例如1、2、3或4)個碳原子已經雜原子(例如O、N或S)置換。雜環基可視情況經一或多個獨立地選自本文中所定義之取代基的取代基取代。
在一個實例中,雜環基包括3-12個環原子且包括單環、雙環、三環及螺環系統,其中環原子為碳,且1至5個環原子為選自氮、硫或氧之雜原子,其獨立地視情況經一或多個基團取代。在一個實例中,雜環基包括1至4個雜原子。在另一實例中,雜環基包括具有一或多個選自氮、硫或氧之雜原子的3至7員單環。在另一實例中,雜環基包括具有一或多個選自氮、硫或氧之雜原子的4至6員單環。在另一實例中,雜環基包括3員單環。在另一實例中,雜環基包括4員單環。在另一實例中,雜環基包括5-6員單環。在一個實例中,雜環基包括0至3個雙鍵。任何氮或硫雜原子可視情況經氧化(例如NO、SO、SO2),且任何氮雜原子均可視情況經四級銨化(例如[NR4]+Cl-、[NR4]+OH-)。例示性雜環基包括環氧乙烷基、氮丙啶基、硫雜環丙烷基、氮雜環丁烷基、氧雜環丁烷基、硫雜環丁烷基、1,2-二硫雜環丁烷基、1,3-二硫雜環丁烷基、吡咯啶基、二氫-1H-吡咯基、二氫呋喃基、四氫呋喃基、二氫噻吩基、四氫噻吩基、咪唑啶基、哌啶基、哌嗪基、嗎啉基、硫代嗎啉基、1,1-二側氧基-硫代嗎啉基、二氫哌喃基、四氫哌喃基、六氫硫代哌喃基、六氫嘧啶基、氧氮雜環己烷基、硫氮雜環己烷基、硫氧雜環己基、高哌嗪基、高哌啶基、氮雜環庚烷基、氧雜環庚烷基、硫雜環庚烷基、噁氮呯基、氧氮雜環庚烷基、二氮雜環庚烷基、1,4-二氮雜環庚烷基、二氮呯基、噻氮呯基、硫氮雜環庚烷基、四氫硫代哌喃基、噁唑啶基、噻唑啶基、異噻唑啶基、1,1-二側氧基異噻唑啶酮基、噁唑啶酮基、咪唑啶酮基、4,5,6,7-四氫[2H]吲唑基、四氫苯并咪唑基、4,5,6,7-四氫苯并[d]咪唑基、1,6-二氫咪唑并[4,5-d]吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶基、噻嗪基、噁嗪基、硫二氮雜環己烷基、氧二氮雜環己烷基、二噻嗪基、二噁嗪基、噁噻嗪基、噻三嗪基、噁三嗪基、二噻二嗪基、咪唑啉基、二氫嘧啶基、四氫嘧啶基、1-吡咯啉基、2-吡咯啉基、3-吡咯啉基、吲哚啉基、噻哌喃基、2H-哌喃基、4H-哌喃基、二
噁烷基、1,3-二氧戊環基、吡唑啉基、吡唑啶基、二噻烷基、二硫雜環戊烷基、嘧啶酮基、嘧啶二酮基、嘧啶-2,4-二酮基、哌嗪酮基、哌嗪二酮基、吡唑啶基咪唑啉基、3-氮雜雙環[3.1.0]己基、3,6-二氮雜雙環[3.1.1]庚基、6-氮雜雙環[3.1.1]庚基、3-氮雜雙環[3.1.1]庚基、3-氮雜雙環[4.1.0]庚基、氮雜雙環[2.2.2]己基、2-氮雜雙環[3.2.1]辛基、8-氮雜雙環[3.2.1]辛基、2-氮雜雙環[2.2.2]辛基、8-氮雜雙環[2.2.2]辛基、7-氧雜雙環[2.2.1]庚烷、氮雜螺[3.5]壬基、氮雜螺[2.5]辛基、氮雜螺[4.5]癸基、1-氮雜螺[4.5]癸-2-酮基、氮雜螺[5.5]十一烷基、四氫吲哚基、八氫吲哚基、四氫異吲哚基、四氫吲唑基、1,1-二側氧基六氫硫代哌喃基。含有1個硫或氧原子及1至3個氮原子之5員雜環基之實例為噻唑基(包括噻唑-2-基及噻唑-2-基N-氧化物)、噻二唑基(包括1,3,4-噻二唑-5-基及1,2,4-噻二唑-5-基)、噁唑基(例如噁唑-2-基)及噁二唑基(諸如1,3,4-噁二唑-5-基及1,2,4-噁二唑-5-基)。含有2至4個氮原子之例示性5員環雜環基包括咪唑基,諸如咪唑-2-基;三唑基,諸如1,3,4-三唑-5-基;1,2,3-三唑-5-基、1,2,4-三唑-5-基;及四唑基,諸如1H-四唑-5-基。例示性苯并稠合5員雜環基為苯并噁唑-2-基、苯并噻唑-2-基及苯并咪唑-2-基。例示性6員雜環基含有1至3個氮原子及視情況存在之硫或氧原子,例如吡啶基,諸如吡啶-2-基、吡啶-3-基及吡啶-4-基;嘧啶基,諸如嘧啶-2-基及嘧啶-4-基;三嗪基,諸如1,3,4-三嗪-2-基及1,3,5-三嗪-4-基;噠嗪基,詳言之噠嗪-3-基;及吡嗪基。吡啶N-氧化物及噠嗪N-氧化物及吡啶基、嘧啶-2-基、嘧啶-4-基、噠嗪基及1,3,4-三嗪-2-基為其他例示性雜環基。雜環基之特定實例為氮雜環丁烷基、吡咯啶基、哌嗪基及嗎啉基,更特定言之為氮雜環丁烷-1-基、吡咯啶-1-基、哌嗪-1-基及嗎啉-4-基。
如本文中所使用,術語「部分不飽和」係指在環原子之間包括至少一個雙鍵或三鍵且環部分不為芳族的環部分。
如本文中所使用,術語「抑制劑」係指結合且以可量測之生物化學親和力及活性抑制CDK8酶的化合物。在某些實施例中,抑制劑之生物化學IC50及/或結合常數小於約50μM、小於約1μM、小於約500nM、小於約100nM或小於約10nM。
「醫藥學上可接受之鹽」包括酸及鹼加成鹽。「醫藥學上可接受之酸加成鹽」係指保留游離鹼之生物有效性及性質且不會在生物學或其他方面不合需要之鹽,其係用諸如鹽酸、氫溴酸、硫酸、硝酸、碳酸、磷酸及其類似物之無機酸形成,且有機酸可選自脂族、環脂族、芳族、芳脂族、雜環、羧酸及磺酸類有機酸,諸如甲酸、乙酸、丙酸、羥基乙酸、葡萄糖酸、乳酸、丙酮酸、乙二酸、蘋果酸、馬來酸、丙二酸、丁二酸、富馬酸、酒石酸、檸檬酸、天冬胺酸、抗壞血酸、麩胺酸、鄰胺基苯甲酸、苯甲酸、肉桂酸、扁桃酸、恩波酸、苯乙酸、甲烷磺酸、乙烷磺酸、苯磺酸、對甲苯磺酸、水楊酸及其類似物。
「醫藥學上可接受之鹼加成鹽」包括衍生自無機鹼的鹽,諸如鈉鹽、鉀鹽、鋰鹽、銨鹽、鈣鹽、鎂鹽、鐵鹽、鋅鹽、銅鹽、錳鹽、鋁鹽及其類似物。特定言之,鹼加成鹽為銨鹽、鉀鹽、鈉鹽、鈣鹽及鎂鹽。衍生自醫藥學上可接受之有機無毒鹼之鹽包括以下各物之鹽:一級胺、二級胺及三級胺、經取代胺(包括天然存在之經取代胺)、環胺及鹼性離子交換樹脂,諸如異丙胺、三甲胺、二乙胺、三乙胺、三丙胺、乙醇胺、2-二乙基胺基乙醇、三羥甲基胺基甲烷、二環己胺、離胺酸、精胺酸、組胺酸、咖啡因(caffeine)、普魯卡因(procaine)、海卓胺(hydrabamine)、膽鹼、甜菜鹼、乙二胺、葡糖胺、甲基葡糖胺、可可豆鹼、嘌呤、哌嗪、哌啶、N-乙基哌啶、多元胺樹脂及其類似物。特定言之,有機無毒鹼為異丙胺、二乙胺、乙醇胺、三羥甲基胺基甲烷、二環己胺、膽鹼及咖啡因。
術語「互變異構體」或「互變異構形式」係指可經由低能量障壁相互轉化之具有不同能量之結構異構體。舉例而言,質子互變異構體(亦稱為質子轉移互變異構體)包括經由質子遷移而相互轉化,諸如酮-烯醇及亞胺-烯胺異構化。價鍵互變異構體包括藉由一些鍵結電子重組而相互轉化。
「溶劑合物」係指一或多個溶劑分子與本發明化合物之締合或複合物。溶劑之實例包括水、異丙醇、乙醇、甲醇、DMSO、乙酸乙酯、乙酸及乙醇胺。術語「水合物」係指溶劑分子為水的複合物。
「治療有效量」係指(i)治療特定疾病、病狀或病症,(ii)減輕、改善或消除特定疾病、病狀或病症之一或多種症狀,或(iii)預防或延遲本文所述之特定疾病、病狀或病症之一或多種症狀之發作的本發明化合物之量。在癌症之情況下,治療有效量之藥物可減少癌細胞數目;減小腫瘤尺寸;抑制(亦即在一定程度上延緩,且較佳終止)癌細胞浸潤至周邊器官中;抑制(亦即在一定程度上延緩,且較佳終止)腫瘤轉移;在一定程度上抑制腫瘤生長;及/或在一定程度上緩解一或多種與癌症相關之症狀。對於癌症療法,可例如藉由評定疾病進展時間(TTP)及/或測定反應率(RR)來量測功效。在免疫病症之情況下,治療有效量為足以減少或減輕過敏性病症、自體免疫性及/或發炎性疾病之症狀或急性發炎性反應之症狀(例如哮喘)的量。在一些實施例中,治療有效量為本文中所描述之化學實體之足以顯著降低耐藥性癌細胞或耐藥性頑固癌細胞之活性或數目的量。
「治療(Treatment)」(及變化形式,諸如「治療(treat)」或「治療(treating)」)係指試圖改變所治療之個體或細胞之天然過程且可出於預防目的或在臨床病理學過程中執行的臨床介入。治療之理想效應包括以下各項中之一或多者:預防疾病發生或復發、減輕症狀、減少疾病之任何直接或間接病理學後果、穩定(亦即,不惡化)疾病狀態、預
防轉移、降低疾病進展速率、改善或緩和疾病狀態、與不接受治療時之預期存活時間相比延長存活時間及緩解或改良預後。在某些實施例中,使用式I化合物來延遲疾病或病症發展或減緩疾病或病症進展。需要治療之個體包括已具有病狀或病症之個體以及傾向於患有病狀或病症之個體(例如,藉由基因或蛋白質之基因突變或異常表現)或欲預防病狀或病症之個體。
一個實施例包括式(I)化合物:
或其鹽,其中:R1係選自:
且其中R1係獨立地視情況經1、2或3個Rx基團取代;R2及R3獨立地為H、C1-12烷基、C2-12烯基、C2-12炔基、碳環基、芳基、雜芳基、雜環基、鹵基、-ORa、-SRa、-N(Ra)2、-CN、-NO2、-C(O)Ra、-CO2Ra、-C(O)N(Ra)2、-C(O)SRa、-C(O)C(O)Ra、-C(O)CH2C(O)Ra、-C(S)N(Ra)2、-C(S)ORa、-S(O)Ra、-SO2Ra、-SO2N(Ra)2、-N(Ra)C(O)Ra、-N(Ra)C(O)N(Ra)2、-N(Ra)SO2Ra、-N(Ra)SO2N(Ra)2、-N(Ra)N(Ra)2、-N(Ra)C(=N(Ra))N(Ra)2、-C(=N)N(Ra)2、-C=NORa、-C(=N(Ra))N(Ra)2、-OC(O)Ra或-OC(O)N(Ra)2,其中R2及R3之各C1-12烷基、C2-12烯基、C2-12炔基、碳
環基、芳基、雜芳基及雜環基係各自獨立地視情況經一或多個基團Rx取代;或R1及R2與其所連接之原子一起形成4、5、6、7或8員碳環基、雜環基、雜芳基或芳基,該碳環基、雜環基、雜芳基及芳基視情況經一或多個基團Rx取代;各Ra及Rb獨立地為H、C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、碳環基、芳基、雜芳基或雜環基,其中各C1-6烷基、C3-6烯基、C3-6炔基、碳環基、芳基、雜芳基及雜環基係獨立地視情況經一或多個基團Rx取代;或Ra及Rb與其所連接之氮一起形成3-6員雜環,該雜環視情況經側氧基、鹵基或視情況經側氧基或鹵基取代之C1-6烷基取代;各Rv獨立地為氫、C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、碳環基、芳基、雜芳基或雜環基,其中各C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、碳環基、芳基、雜芳基及雜環基視情況經一或多個基團取代,該一或多個基團係獨立地選自側氧基、鹵基、胺基、羥基及視情況經一或多個獨立地選自側氧基及鹵基之基團取代之C1-C6烷基;或兩個Rv與其所連接之氮一起形成3-6員雜環基,該雜環基視情況經一或多個基團取代,該一或多個基團係獨立地選自側氧基、鹵基及視情況經一或多個獨立地選自側氧基及鹵基之基團取代之C1-3烷基;且各Rx獨立地為側氧基、C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、C1-6鹵烷基、碳環基、芳基、雜芳基、雜環基、-F、-Cl、-Br、-I、-NO2、-N(Rv)2、-CN、-C(O)-N(Rv)2、-S(O)-N(Rv)2、-S(O)2-N(Rv)2、-O-Rv、-S-Rv、-O-C(O)-Rv、-O-C(O)-O-Rv、-C(O)-Rv、-C(O)-O-Rv、-S(O)-Rv、-S(O)2-Rv、-O-C(O)-N(Rv)2、-N(Rv)-C(O)-ORv、-N(Rv)-C(O)-N(Rv)2、-S(O)2-N(Rv)2、-N(Rv)-C(O)-Rv、-N(Rv)-S(O)-Rv、-N(Rv)-S(O)2-Rv、-N(Rv)-S(O)-N(Rv)2或-N(Rv)-S(O)2-N(Rv)2,其中任何C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、C1-6鹵烷基、碳環基、芳基、雜芳基及雜環基係獨立地視情況經一或多個基團取代,該一或多個基團係選自側氧
基、鹵基、-NO2、-N(Rv)2、-CN、-C(O)-N(Rv)2、-S(O)-N(Rv)2、-S(O)2-N(Rv)2、-O-Rv、-S-Rv、-O-C(O)-Rv、-C(O)-Rv、-C(O)-O-Rv、-S(O)-Rv、-S(O)2-Rv、-C(O)-N(Rv)2、-S(O)2-N(Rv)2、-N(Rv)-C(O)-Rv、-N(Rv)-S(O)-Rv、-N(Rv)-S(O)2-Rv及視情況經一或多個獨立地選自側氧基及鹵基之基團取代之C1-6烷基;且其中當R2為F且R3為氫時,則Rx不為甲基、乙基、三氟甲基或2-氟苯基。
一個特定實施例係關於式(I)化合物或其鹽,其中:R1係選自:
R2及R3獨立地為H、C1-12烷基、鹵基或-ORa,其中R2及R3之各C1-12烷基各自獨立地視情況經一或多個基團Rx取代;各Ra及Rb獨立地為H、C1-6烷基,其中各C1-6烷基獨立地視情況經一或多個基團Rx取代;各Rv獨立地為C1-6烷基;且各Rx獨立地為雜環基、-F或-N(Rv)2,其中任何雜環基均獨立地視情況經一或多個選自C1-6烷基之基團取代;且其中當R2為F且R3為氫時,則Rx不為甲基、乙基、三氟甲基或2-氟苯基。
在某些實施例中,R2及R3獨立地為鹵基、三氟甲基、C1-6烷基或C1-6烷氧基,其中所述烷基及烷氧基獨立地視情況經-N(Rv)2或雜環基取代,其中該雜環基視情況經側氧基、鹵基或視情況經鹵基或側氧基取代之C1-6烷基取代。
在某些實施例中,R2為氫、氯基、甲基、(4-甲基哌嗪-1-基)甲
基、三氟甲氧基、二氟甲氧基、4-氮雜環丁烷-1-基甲基、嗎啉-4-基甲基、二甲基胺基甲基、吡咯啶-1-基甲基或4-乙基哌嗪-1-基甲基。
在某些實施例中,R3為氫、三氟甲基、氟基或氯基。
在某些實施例中,各Ra及Rb獨立地為氫或C1-6烷基。
在某些實施例中,Ra為氫。
在某些實施例中,Rb為甲基。
在某些實施例中,Rv為氫或C1-6烷基。
在某些實施例中,Rv為甲基。
在某些實施例中,R2為氫、氯基、甲基、(4-甲基哌嗪-1-基)甲基、三氟甲氧基、二氟甲氧基、4-氮雜環丁烷-1-基甲基、嗎啉-4-基甲基、二甲基胺基甲基、吡咯啶-1-基甲基或4-乙基哌嗪-1-基甲基;R3為氫、三氟甲基或氯基;Ra及Rb獨立地為氫或甲基。
另一實施例包括一種具有下式之化合物:
或其鹽,其中R1、R2及R3如針對式I化合物之任何實施例所定義。
另一實施例包括選自由以下組成之群的化合物:1-[(3S)-1-([1,2,4]三唑并[4,3-b]噠嗪-6-基)吡咯啶-3-基]-3-[3-(三氟甲基)苯基]脲;1-[4-氯-3-(三氟甲基)苯基]-3-[(3S)-1-([1,2,4]三唑并[4,3-b]噠嗪-6-基)吡咯啶-3-基]脲;1-(3-氯苯基)-3-[(3S)-1-([1,2,4]三唑并[4,3-b]噠嗪-6-基)吡咯啶-3-基]脲;
1-[(3R)-1-([1,2,4]三唑并[4,3-b]噠嗪-6-基)吡咯啶-3-基]-3-[3-(三氟甲基)苯基]脲;1-[4-氯-3-(三氟甲基)苯基]-3-[(3R)-1-([1,2,4]三唑并[4,3-b]噠嗪-6-基)吡咯啶-3-基]脲;1-(3-氯苯基)-3-[(3R)-1-([1,2,4]三唑并[4,3-b]噠嗪-6-基)吡咯啶-3-基]脲;(S)-1-(1-([1,2,4]三唑并[4,3-b]噠嗪-6-基)吡咯啶-3-基)-3-(4-((4-乙基哌嗪-1-基)甲基)-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)脲;1-[(3S)-1-(2-胺基嘧啶-4-基)吡咯啶-3-基]-3-(3-氯-4-甲基-苯基)脲;1-[(S)-1-(2-胺基-嘧啶-4-基)-吡咯啶-3-基]-3-(4-氯-3-三氟甲基-苯基)-脲;1-[4-氯-3-(三氟甲基)苯基]-3-[(3S)-1-[2-(甲基胺基)嘧啶-4-基]吡咯啶-3-基]脲;1-(3-氯-4-甲基-苯基)-3-[(3S)-1-[2-(甲基胺基)嘧啶-4-基]吡咯啶-3-基]脲;1-[(3S)-1-[2-(甲基胺基)嘧啶-4-基]吡咯啶-3-基]-3-[4-(三氟甲氧基)苯基]脲;1-[4-(二氟甲氧基)苯基]-3-[(3S)-1-[2-(甲基胺基)嘧啶-4-基]吡咯啶-3-基]脲;(S)-1-(4-(氮雜環丁烷-1-基甲基)苯基)-3-(1-(2-(甲基胺基)嘧啶-4-基)吡咯啶-3-基)脲;(S)-1-(4-(氮雜環丁烷-1-基甲基)-3-氟苯基)-3-(1-(2-(甲基胺基)嘧啶-4-基)吡咯啶-3-基)脲;(S)-1-(3-氯-4-((二甲基胺基)甲基)苯基)-3-(1-(2-(甲基胺基)嘧啶-4-基)吡咯啶-3-基)脲;
(S)-1-(4-(氮雜環丁烷-1-基甲基)-3-氯苯基)-3-(1-(2-(甲基胺基)嘧啶-4-基)吡咯啶-3-基)脲;(S)-1-(3-氯-4-((4-甲基哌嗪-1-基)甲基)苯基)-3-(1-(2-(甲基胺基)嘧啶-4-基)吡咯啶-3-基)脲;(S)-1-(3-氯-4-((4-乙基哌嗪-1-基)甲基)苯基)-3-(1-(2-(甲基胺基)嘧啶-4-基)吡咯啶-3-基)脲;(S)-1-(3-氯-4-(N-嗎啉基甲基)苯基)-3-(1-(2-(甲基胺基)嘧啶-4-基)吡咯啶-3-基)脲;(S)-1-(4-((二甲基胺基)甲基)-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)-3-(1-(2-(甲基胺基)嘧啶-4-基)吡咯啶-3-基)脲;(S)-1-(4-(氮雜環丁烷-1-基甲基)-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)-3-(1-(2-(甲基胺基)嘧啶-4-基)吡咯啶-3-基)脲;(S)-1-(1-(2-(甲基胺基)嘧啶-4-基)吡咯啶-3-基)-3-(4-(吡咯啶-1-基甲基)-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)脲;(S)-1-(1-(2-(甲基胺基)嘧啶-4-基)吡咯啶-3-基)-3-(4-((4-甲基哌嗪-1-基)甲基)-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)脲;(S)-1-(4-((4-乙基哌嗪-1-基)甲基)-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)-3-(1-(2-(甲基胺基)嘧啶-4-基)吡咯啶-3-基)脲;(S)-1-(1-(2-(甲基胺基)嘧啶-4-基)吡咯啶-3-基)-3-(4-(N-嗎啉基甲基)-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)脲;1-(4-氮雜環丁烷-1-基甲基-3-三氟甲基-苯基)-3-[(S)-1-(2-甲基胺基-嘧啶-4-基)-吡咯啶-3-基]-脲;(S)-1-(1-([1,2,4]三唑并[4,3-b]噠嗪-6-基)吡咯啶-3-基)-3-(3-氯-4-甲基苯基)脲;及其醫藥學上可接受之鹽。
另一實施例包括選自以下之化合物:
及其鹽。
另一態樣包括一種醫藥組合物,其包含式(I)化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽。在一個實施例中,該組合物進一步包含醫藥學上可接受之載劑、佐劑或媒劑。在另一實施例中,該組合物進一步包含一定量的可有效地適度抑制CDK8之化合物。在某些實施例中,該組合物經調配以便投與有需要之患者。
如本文中所使用之術語「患者」或「個體」係指動物,諸如哺乳動物,諸如人類。在一個實施例中,患者或個體係指人類。
術語「醫藥學上可接受之載劑、佐劑或媒劑」係指不會破壞用其調配之化合物之藥理學活性的無毒載劑、佐劑或媒劑。可用於本發明組合物之醫藥學上可接受之載劑、佐劑或媒劑包括(但不限於)離子交換劑;氧化鋁;硬脂酸鋁;卵磷脂;血清蛋白,諸如人血清白蛋
白;緩衝物質,諸如磷酸鹽;甘胺酸;山梨酸;山梨酸鉀;飽和植物脂肪酸之偏甘油酯混合物;水;鹽或電解質,諸如硫酸魚精蛋白、磷酸氫二鈉、磷酸氫鉀、氯化鈉、鋅鹽;膠狀二氧化矽;三矽酸鎂;聚乙烯吡咯啶酮;纖維素基物質;聚乙二醇;羧甲基纖維素鈉;聚丙烯酸酯;蠟;聚乙烯-聚氧丙烯-嵌段聚合物;聚乙二醇及羊毛脂。
包含式I化合物或其鹽之組合物可經口、非經腸、藉由吸入噴霧、經局部、經皮、經直腸、經鼻、經頰、經舌下、經陰道、經腹膜內、經肺內、經真皮內、經硬膜外或經由植入式貯器投與。本文所使用術語「非經腸」包括皮下、靜脈內、肌肉內、關節內、滑膜內、胸骨內、鞘內、肝內、局部和顱內注射或輸注技術。
在一個實施例中,包含式I化合物或其鹽之組合物係調配為用於經口投與之固體劑型。用於經口投與之固體劑型包括膠囊劑、錠劑、丸劑、散劑及顆粒劑。在某些實施例中,包含式(I)化合物或其鹽之固體經口劑型進一步包含以下各項中之一或多者:(i)醫藥學上可接受之惰性賦形劑或載劑,諸如檸檬酸鈉或磷酸二鈣;及(ii)填充劑或增量劑,諸如澱粉、乳糖、蔗糖、葡萄糖、甘露醇或矽酸;(iii)黏合劑,諸如羧甲基纖維素、海藻酸鹽、明膠、聚乙烯吡咯啶酮、蔗糖或阿拉伯膠;(iv)濕潤劑,諸如甘油;(v)崩解劑,諸如瓊脂、碳酸鈣、馬鈴薯或木薯澱粉、海藻酸、某些矽酸鹽或碳酸鈉;(vi)溶液阻滯劑,諸如石蠟;(vii)吸收促進劑,諸如四級銨鹽;(viii)潤濕劑,諸如鯨蠟醇或單硬脂酸甘油酯;(ix)吸附劑,諸如高嶺土或膨潤土;及(x)潤滑劑,諸如滑石、硬脂酸鈣、硬脂酸鎂、聚乙二醇或月桂基硫酸鈉。在某些實施例中,將固體經口劑型調配為膠囊劑、錠劑或丸劑。在某些實施例中,固體經口劑型進一步包含緩衝劑。在某些實施例中,用於固體經口劑型之該等組合物可調配為包含一或多種賦形劑(諸如乳糖(lactose)或乳糖(milk sugar)、聚乙二醇及其類似物)之軟填充型明膠膠
囊及硬填充型明膠膠囊中之填充物。
在某些實施例中,包含式I化合物或其鹽之組合物之錠劑、糖衣藥丸、膠囊劑、丸劑及顆粒劑視情況包含塗層或殼體,諸如腸塗層。其可視情況包含遮光劑,且亦可為使其僅或優先在腸道之某一部分中視情況以延遲方式釋放活性成分的組合物。包埋組合物之實例包括聚合物及蠟,其亦可用作使用諸如乳糖或乳糖以及高分子量聚乙二醇及其類似物之賦形劑之軟填充型明膠膠囊及硬填充型明膠膠囊中之填充物。
在另一實施例中,組合物包含微囊封之式(I)化合物或其鹽,且視情況進一步包含一或多種賦形劑。
在另一實施例中,組合物包含有包含式I化合物或其鹽之液體劑量調配物以便經口投與,且視情況進一步包含一或多種醫藥學上可接受之乳液、微乳液、溶液、懸浮液、糖漿及酏劑。在某些實施例中,液體劑型視情況進一步包含一或多種惰性稀釋劑,諸如水或其他溶劑、增溶劑及乳化劑,諸如乙醇、異丙醇、碳酸乙酯、乙酸乙酯、苯甲醇、苯甲酸苯甲酯、丙二醇、1,3-丁二醇、二甲基甲醯胺、油(詳言之,棉籽油、花生油、玉米油、胚芽油、橄欖油、蓖麻油及芝麻油)、甘油、四氫糠醇、聚乙二醇或脫水山梨糖醇脂肪酸酯及其混合物。在某些實施例中,液體經口組合物視情況進一步包含一或多種佐劑,諸如潤濕劑、懸浮劑、甜味劑、調味劑及香味劑。
可根據已知技術,使用適合分散劑或潤濕劑及懸浮劑來調配可注射製劑,例如無菌可注射水性或油性懸浮液。無菌可注射製劑亦可為於無毒非經腸可接受之稀釋劑或溶劑中之無菌可注射溶液、懸浮液或乳液,例如呈1,3-丁二醇溶液形式。可採用之可接受媒劑及溶劑為水、林格氏溶液(Ringer's solution)、U.S.P.及等張氯化鈉溶液。另外,按慣例採用無菌固定油作為溶劑或懸浮介質。出於此目的,可採
用任何無刺激固定油,包括合成甘油單酯或二甘油酯。另外,將諸如油酸之脂肪酸用於製備可注射劑。
可注射調配物可例如藉由經細菌截留過濾器過濾或藉由併入可在使用前溶解或分散於無菌水或其他無菌可注射介質中呈無菌固體組合物形式之滅菌劑來滅菌。
為了延長式(I)化合物之效應,通常需要減緩來自於皮下或肌肉內注射之化合物的吸收。此可藉由使用具有不良水溶解度之結晶或非晶材料之液體懸浮液來實現。化合物之吸收速率則視其溶解速率而定,溶解率又可視晶體尺寸及結晶形式而定。或者,藉由將化合物溶解或懸浮於油媒劑中來延遲非經腸投與之化合物形式之吸收。可注射積貯(depot)形式係藉由在生物可降解聚合物(諸如聚丙交酯-聚乙交酯)中形成化合物之微膠囊基質來製備。視化合物與聚合物之比率及所採用之特定聚合物之性質而定,可控制化合物釋放速率。其他生物可降解聚合物之實例包括聚(原酸酯)及聚(酸酐)。亦藉由將化合物包埋於與身體組織相容之脂質體或微乳液中來製備積貯式可注射調配物。
在某些實施例中,將用於經直腸或陰道投與之組合物調配為栓劑,其可藉由混合式(I)化合物或其鹽與適合之非刺激性賦形劑或載劑來製備,該等賦形劑或載劑為諸如可可脂、聚乙二醇或栓劑蠟,例如在環境溫度為固體但在體溫為液體且因此在直腸或陰道腔中融化並且釋放式(I)化合物之賦形劑或載劑。
用於經局部或經皮投與式(I)化合物之例示性劑型包括軟膏、糊劑、乳膏劑、洗劑、凝膠劑、散劑、溶液、噴霧、吸入劑或貼片。在無菌條件下將式(I)化合物或其鹽與醫藥學上可接受之載劑及視情況選用之防腐劑或緩衝劑混合。其他調配物實例包括眼用調配物、耳滴劑、眼滴劑、經皮貼片。經皮劑型可藉由式(I)化合物或其鹽溶解或分散於介質(例如乙醇或二甲亞碸)中製造。亦可使用吸收增強劑來增加
化合物越過皮膚之流量。可藉由提供速率控制膜或藉由化合物分散在聚合物基質或凝膠中來控制速率。
式(I)化合物或其鹽之經鼻氣霧劑或吸入調配物可採用苯甲醇或其他適合防腐劑、用於提高生物可用性之吸收促進劑、氟碳化物及/或其他常規溶解或分散劑而製備為生理鹽水溶液。
在某些實施例中,可在有或無食物的情況下投與醫藥組合物。在某些實施例中,可在無食物的情況下投與醫藥學上可接受之組合物。在某些實施例中,可將本發明之醫藥學上可接受之組合物與食物一起投與。
用於任何特定患者之特定劑量及治療方案將視多種因素而定,包括年齡、體重、一般健康狀況、性別、飲食、投藥時間、排泄速率、藥物組合、治療醫師之判斷及所治療之特定疾病之嚴重程度。組合物中之所提供之式I化合物或其鹽之量亦將視組合物中之特定化合物而定。
在一個實施例中,每劑量中非經腸投與之本發明化合物之治療有效量將在約0.01-100毫克/公斤範圍內,或者約0.1-20毫克/公斤患者體重/天,其中所使用之化合物之典型初始範圍為0.3-15毫克/公斤/天。在另一個實施例中,諸如錠劑及膠囊劑之經口單位劑型含有約5至約100mg本發明化合物。
例示性錠劑經口劑型包含約2mg、5mg、25mg、50mg、100mg、250mg或500mg式(I)化合物或其鹽,且進一步包含約95-30mg無水乳糖、約5-40mg交聯羧甲基纖維素鈉、約5-30mg聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)K30及約1-10mg硬脂酸鎂。調配錠劑之方法包含將粉末狀成分混合在一起及與PVP溶液進一步混合。可乾燥所得組合物、粒化、與硬脂酸鎂混合,且使用常規設備壓製成錠劑形式。可藉由將約2-500mg式I化合物或其鹽溶解於適合緩衝溶液(例如磷酸鹽緩衝液)中且
在需要時添加調滲劑(例如鹽,諸如氯化鈉)來製備氣霧劑調配物之一個實例。可例如使用0.2微米過濾器對溶液進行過濾,以移除雜質及污染物。
另一態樣包括式(I)化合物或其鹽之用途,其係用於抑制CDK8,從而治療疾病,諸如癌症。
另一態樣包括一種治療或預防患者之能響應CDK8活性抑制之疾病的方法。該方法包括向有需要之患者投與治療有效量之式(I)化合物或其鹽。
另一態樣包括式(I)化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽之用途,其係用於治療。另一態樣包括一種包含式(I)化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽的醫藥組合物之用途,其係用於治療。
另一態樣包括一種式(I)化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽的用途,其係用於治療與CDK8活性相關之疾病。
另一態樣包括式(I)化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽的用途,其係用於製造可治療與CDK8活性相關之疾病的藥物。
另一態樣包括式(I)化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽,其係用作治療活性物質。
另一態樣包括式(I)化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽,其係用作治療活性物質以治療過度增殖性病症。
在某些實施例中,該疾病或病狀為過度增殖性疾病、癌症、中風、糖尿病、肝腫大、心血管疾病、多發性硬化、阿茲海默氏病(Alzheimer's disease)、囊性纖維化、病毒病、自體免疫疾病、動脈粥樣硬化、再狹窄、牛皮癬、變形性關節炎、發炎性腸病、哮喘、過敏性病症、炎症、神經病症、激素相關之疾病、與器官移植相關之病狀、免疫缺乏病症、毀壞性骨骼病症、增殖性病症、傳染性疾病、與
細胞死亡相關之病狀、凝血酶誘導之血小板凝集、肝病、涉及T細胞活化之病理性免疫病狀、CNS病症或脊髓增生性病症。
在某些實施例中,可在已罹患一或多種症狀之後投與治療。在其他實施例中,治療可在不存在症狀時投與。舉例而言,治療可在症狀發作之前投與易感個體(例如根據症狀病史及/或根據遺傳或其他易感性因素)。治療亦可在症狀已消退之後繼續進行,例如以預防或延遲其復發。
另一態樣包括一種用於治療、改善或預防癌症、抗藥性癌症或另一增殖性病症之方法,該方法係藉由向需要該治療之哺乳動物(例如人類)投與有效量之式(I)化合物或其鹽。在某些實施例中,欲治療之疾病為癌症或抗藥性癌症。
可使用本文中所描述之化合物及方法治療之癌症的實例包括(但不限於)腎上腺癌、腺泡細胞癌、聽神經瘤、肢端雀斑樣黑素瘤、肢端汗腺瘤、急性嗜伊紅白血球性白血病、急性紅血球性白血病、急性淋巴母細胞性白血病、急性巨核母細胞白血病、急性單核細胞性白血病、急性前髓細胞白血病、腺癌、腺樣囊性癌、腺瘤、腺瘤樣牙原性腫瘤、腺鱗癌、脂肪組織贅瘤、腎上腺皮質癌、成人T細胞白血病/淋巴瘤、侵襲性NK細胞白血病、AIDS相關淋巴瘤、腺泡狀橫紋肌肉瘤、肺泡柔軟部分肉瘤、釉母細胞纖維瘤、退行性大細胞淋巴瘤、退行性甲狀腺癌、雄激素依賴性癌症、血管免疫胚細胞T細胞淋巴瘤、血管肌脂瘤、血管肉瘤、星形細胞瘤、非典型畸胎樣桿狀腫瘤、B細胞慢性淋巴細胞性白血病、B細胞淋巴瘤、基底細胞癌、膽道癌、膀胱癌、母細胞瘤、骨癌、布倫納腫瘤(Brenner tumor)、布朗腫瘤(Brown tumor)、伯基特淋巴瘤(Burkitt's lymphoma)、乳癌、腦癌、癌瘤、原位癌、癌肉瘤、軟骨腫瘤、牙骨質瘤、脊髓肉瘤、軟骨瘤、脊索瘤、絨毛膜癌、脈絡叢乳頭狀瘤、腎透明細胞肉瘤、顱咽管瘤、皮
膚T細胞淋巴瘤、子宮頸癌、結腸直腸癌、德戈斯病(Degos disease)、促結締組織增生性小圓細胞腫瘤、擴散性大B細胞淋巴瘤、胚胎發育不良性神經上皮腫瘤、無性細胞瘤、胚胎癌、內分泌腺贅瘤、內胚層竇瘤、腸病相關T細胞淋巴瘤、食道癌、胎中胎、纖維瘤、纖維肉瘤、濾泡性淋巴瘤、濾泡性甲狀腺癌、神經節細胞瘤、胃腸癌、生殖細胞腫瘤、妊娠期絨毛膜癌、巨細胞纖維母細胞瘤、骨骼巨細胞腫瘤、神經膠質腫瘤、多形性膠質母細胞瘤、神經膠質瘤、大腦神經膠瘤病、升糖素瘤、性腺母細胞瘤、粒層細胞瘤、兩性胚細胞瘤、膽囊癌、胃癌、血管母細胞瘤、頭頸癌、血管外皮瘤、血液惡性病、肝母細胞瘤、肝脾T細胞淋巴瘤、霍奇金氏淋巴瘤(Hodgkin's lymphoma)、非霍奇金氏淋巴瘤(non-Hodgkin's lymphoma)、侵襲性小葉癌、腸癌、腎癌、喉癌、惡性小痣、白血病、萊氏細胞腫瘤(leydig cell tumor)、脂肉瘤、肺癌、淋巴管瘤、淋巴管肉瘤、淋巴上皮癌、淋巴瘤、急性淋巴細胞性白血病、急性粒細胞白血病、慢性淋巴細胞性白血病、肝癌、小細胞肺癌、非小細胞肺癌、MALT淋巴瘤、惡性纖維組織細胞瘤、惡性周圍神經鞘腫瘤、惡性蠑螈瘤、套細胞淋巴瘤、邊緣區B細胞淋巴瘤、肥大細胞白血病、縱隔生殖細胞腫瘤、乳房髓性癌、髓性甲狀腺癌、髓母細胞瘤、黑素瘤、腦膜瘤、梅克爾細胞癌(merkel cell cancer)、間皮瘤、轉移性尿道上皮癌、混合型苗勒氏腫瘤(mixed Mullerian tumor)、黏質腫瘤、多發性骨髓瘤、肌肉組織贅瘤、蕈樣真菌病、黏液樣脂肉瘤、黏液瘤、黏液肉瘤、鼻咽癌、神經鞘瘤、神經母細胞瘤、纖維神經瘤、神經瘤、小節黑素瘤、眼癌、少突星形細胞瘤、少突神經膠質瘤、嗜酸性腺瘤、視神經鞘腦膜瘤、視神經腫瘤、口腔癌、骨肉瘤、卵巢癌、潘科斯特腫瘤(Pancoast tumor)、乳頭狀甲狀腺癌、副神經節瘤、松果體母細胞瘤、松果體母細胞瘤、垂體細胞瘤、垂體腺瘤、垂體腫瘤、漿細胞瘤、多胚瘤、前
驅T-淋巴母細胞淋巴瘤、原發性中樞神經系統淋巴瘤、原發性滲出性淋巴瘤、原發性腹膜癌、前列腺癌、胰臟癌、咽癌、腹膜假性黏液瘤、腎細胞癌、腎髓性癌、視網膜母細胞瘤、橫紋肌瘤、橫紋肌肉瘤、李希特氏轉化(Richter's transformation)、直腸癌、肉瘤、神經鞘瘤(Schwannomatosis)、精原細胞瘤、塞特利氏細胞腫瘤、生殖索性腺基質細胞腫瘤、印戒細胞癌、皮膚癌、小藍圓細胞腫瘤、小細胞癌、軟組織肉瘤、生長抑素瘤、煤煙疣、脊髓腫瘤、脾邊緣區淋巴瘤、鱗狀細胞癌、滑膜肉瘤、塞紮里病(Sezary's disease)、小腸癌、胃癌、T細胞淋巴瘤、睾丸癌、泡膜細胞瘤、甲狀腺癌、移行細胞癌、咽癌、臍尿管癌、泌尿生殖器癌、尿道上皮癌、葡萄膜黑素瘤、子宮癌、疣狀癌、視通路膠質瘤、外陰腫瘤、陰道癌、瓦爾登斯特倫巨球蛋白血症(Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia)、沃辛腫瘤(Warthin's tumor)及威爾姆斯腫瘤(Wilms' tumor)。
另一實施例包括一種用於治療良性增殖性病症之方法。良性增殖性病症之實例(但不限於)良性軟組織腫瘤、骨腫瘤、腦及脊髓腫瘤、眼瞼及眼眶腫瘤、肉芽瘤、脂瘤、腦膜瘤、多發性內分泌瘤、鼻息肉、垂體瘤、泌乳素瘤、假性腦瘤、皮脂溢性角化症、胃息肉、甲狀腺節結、胰臟膀胱贅瘤、血管瘤、聲帶節結、息肉及囊腫、卡斯特曼病(Castleman disease)、慢性藏毛病、皮膚纖維瘤、毛髮囊腫、膿性肉芽腫及青少年息肉症候群。
另一實施例包括式I化合物或其鹽之用途,其係用於製造可用於治療及/或預防及/或改善如本文中所提及之疾病、病症、病情及/或病狀之醫藥組合物。
另一實施例包括式I化合物或其鹽之用途,其係用於製造可用於治療及/或預防對CDK8抑制有反應或敏感之疾病及/或病症,詳言之如上文所提及之疾病(諸如癌症)的醫藥組合物。
可使用能有效治療病症或減輕病症之嚴重程度的任何量及任何投藥途徑來投與式(I)化合物或其鹽。視患者之物種、年齡及一般病狀,例如病症嚴重程度、特定化合物、其投與模式及其類似物,所需精確量將因患者而異。指定患者使用式(I)化合物之總每日用量將由主治醫師在合理醫學判斷範疇內決定。用於任何特定患者之特定有效劑量水平將視多種因素而定,包括所治療之病症及病症之嚴重程度;所採用之特定化合物之活性;所採用之特定組合物;患者之年齡、體重、一般健康狀況、性別及飲食;所採用之特定化合物之投藥時間、投藥途徑及排泄速率;治療持續時間;與所採用之特定化合物組合使用或相符合的藥物;及醫學技術中熟知之類似因素。
另一實施例包括一種抑制生物樣品中之CDK8活性之方法,其包含使該生物樣品與式I化合物或其鹽接觸。
如本文所使用之術語「生物樣本」包括(而不限於)細胞、細胞培養物或其萃取物;獲自哺乳動物之活組織檢查材料或其萃取物;及血液、唾液、尿液、糞便、精液、淚液或其他體液或其萃取物。
式(I)化合物或其鹽可單獨或與其他治療藥劑組合使用。舉例而言,醫藥組合調配物或給藥方案之第二藥劑可與式(I)化合物具有互補活性,從而其不會對彼此造成不利影響。該等化合物可於整體醫藥組合物中一起或分開投與。在一個實施例中,化合物或醫藥學上可接受之鹽可與細胞毒性劑共同投與以治療增殖性疾病及癌症。
術語「共同投與」係指同時投與式(I)化合物或其鹽及其他活性醫藥成分(包括細胞毒性劑及輻射處理)或其任何按順序分開投與方式。若不同時投與,則化合物係在彼此密切接近之時間投與。此外,即使化合物於同一劑型中投與亦不重要,例如一種化合物可經局部投與,而另一種化合物可經口投與。
典型地,對所治療之疾病或病狀具有活性的任何藥劑均可共同投與。該等藥劑之實例可見於Cancer Principles and Practice of Oncology,V.T.Devita及S.Hellman(編),第6版(2001年2月15日),Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Publishers。熟習此項技術者應能夠基於藥物之特定特徵及所涉及之疾病來辨別何種藥劑組合將適用。
在一個實施例中,該治療方法包括共同投與式(I)化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽及至少一種細胞毒性劑。如本文所用之術語「細胞毒性劑」係指抑制或防胞功能及/或引起細胞死亡或破壞的物質。細胞毒性劑包括(但不限於)放射性同位素(例如At211、I131、I125、Y90、Re186、Re188、Sm153、Bi212、P32、Pb212及Lu之放射性同位素);化學治療劑;生長抑制劑;酶及其片段,諸如核分解酶;及毒素,諸如細菌、真菌、植物或動物來源之小分子毒素或酶活性毒素,包括其片段及/或變異體。
例示性細胞毒性劑可選自抗微管劑、鉑配位錯合物、烷基化劑、抗生素劑、拓撲異構酶II抑制劑、抗代謝物、拓撲異構酶I抑制劑、激素及激素類似物、信號轉導路徑抑制劑、非受體酪胺酸激酶血管生成抑制劑、免疫治療劑、促凋亡劑、LDH-A抑制劑;脂肪酸生物合成抑制劑;細胞週期信號傳導抑制劑;HDAC抑制劑、蛋白酶體抑制劑;及癌症代謝抑制劑。
「化學治療劑」包括適用於治療癌症之化合物。化學治療劑之實例包括埃羅替尼(erlotinib)(TARCEVA®,Genentech/OSI Pharm.)、硼替佐米(bortezomib)(VELCADE®,Millennium Pharm.)、二硫龍(disulfiram)、表沒食子兒茶素沒食子酸酯、沙林泊拉米A(salinosporamide A)、卡非佐米(carfilzomib)、17-AAG(格爾德黴素(geldanamycin))、根赤殼菌素(radicicol)、乳酸脫氫酶A(LDH-A)、氟維司群(fulvestrant)(FASLODEX®,AstraZeneca)、舒尼替尼(sunitib)
(SUTENT®,Pfizer/Sugen)、來曲唑(letrozole)(FEMARA®,Novartis)、甲磺酸伊馬替尼(imatinib mesylate)(GLEEVEC®,Novartis)、費那舒奈(finasunate)(VATALANIB®,Novartis)、奧沙利鉑(oxaliplatin)(ELOXATIN®,Sanofi)、5-FU(5-氟尿嘧啶)、甲醯四氫葉酸、雷帕黴素(Rapamycin)(西羅莫司(Sirolimus),RAPAMUNE®,Wyeth)、拉帕替尼(Lapatinib)(TYKERB®,GSK572016,Glaxo Smith Kline)、羅那法米(Lonafamib)(SCH 66336)、索拉非尼(NEXAVAR®,Bayer Labs)、吉非替尼(gefitinib)(IRESSA®,AstraZeneca)、AG1478;烷基化劑,諸如噻替派(thiotepa)及CYTOXAN®環磷醯胺;磺酸烷基酯,諸如白消安(busulfan)、英丙舒凡(improsulfan)及哌泊舒凡(piposulfan);氮丙啶,諸如苯佐替派(benzodopa)、卡波醌(carboquone)、美妥替哌(meturedopa)及烏瑞替派(uredopa);伸乙基亞胺及羥甲基三聚氰胺,包括六甲密胺(altretamine)、三伸乙基密胺、三伸乙基磷醯胺、三伸乙基硫代磷醯胺及三羥甲基三聚氰胺;番荔枝內酯(尤其是布拉它辛(bullatacin)及布拉它辛酮(bullatacinone));喜樹鹼(包括拓朴替康(topotecan)及伊立替康(irinotecan));苔蘚抑素(bryostatin);卡利他汀(callystatin);CC-1065(包括其阿多來新(adozelesin)、卡折來新(carzelesin)及比折來新(bizelesin)合成類似物);念珠藻素(cryptophycins)(詳言之念珠藻素1及念珠藻素8);腎上腺類固醇(包括潑尼松(prednisone)及潑尼龍(prednisolone));醋酸賽普羅特博(cyproterone acetate);5α-還原酶,包括非那雄安(finasteride)及度他雄胺(dutasteride));伏立諾他(vorinostat)、羅米地辛(romidepsin)、帕比司他(panobinostat)、丙戊酸、莫西司他(mocetinostat)、多拉司他汀(dolastatin);阿地白介素、滑石度卡黴素(包括合成類似物KW-2189及CB1-TM1);艾榴塞洛素(eleutherobin);水鬼蕉鹼(pancratistatin);珊瑚素(sarcodictyin);海綿素
(spongistatin);氮芥類,諸如苯丁酸氮芥、萘氮芥(chlomaphazine)、氯環磷醯胺(chlorophosphamide)、雌氮芥、異環磷醯胺(ifosfamide)、甲氮芥、氧化甲氮芥鹽酸鹽、苯丙胺酸氫芥、新恩比興(novembichin)、苯芥膽固醇(phenesterine)、潑尼氮芥(prednimustine)、曲洛磷胺(trofosfamide)、尿嘧啶氮芥;亞硝基脲,諸如卡莫司汀(carmustine)、氯脲菌素(chlorozotocin)、福莫司汀(fotemustine)、洛莫司汀(lomustine)、尼莫司汀(nimustine)及雷莫司汀(ranimnustine);抗生素,諸如烯二炔抗生素(例如卡奇黴素,尤其是卡奇黴素γ1I及卡奇黴素ω1I(Angew Chem.Intl.Ed.Engl.1994 33:183-186);達內黴素(dynemicin),包括達內黴素A;二膦酸鹽,諸如氯膦酸鹽;埃斯培拉黴素(esperamicin);以及新制癌菌素發色團及相關色蛋白烯二炔抗生素發色團)、阿克拉黴素(aclacinomysins)、放線菌素(actinomycin)、安麯黴素(authramycin)、重氮絲胺酸(azaserine)、爭光黴素(bleomycins)、放線菌素C(cactinomycin)、卡柔比星(carabicin)、洋紅黴素(caminomycin)、嗜癌菌素(carzinophilin)、色黴素(chromomycinis)、放線菌素D(dactinomycin)、道諾黴素(daunorubicin)、阿黴素(detorubicin)、6-重氮-5-側氧基-L-正白胺酸、ADRIAMYCIN®(阿黴素)、N-嗎啉基阿黴素、氰基(N-嗎啉基)阿黴素、2-吡咯啉基阿黴素及脫氧阿黴素)、表柔比星(epirubicin)、依索比星(esorubicin)、伊達比星(idarubicin)、麻西羅黴素(marcellomycin)、絲裂黴素(mitomycins)(諸如絲裂黴素C)、黴酚酸(mycophenolic acid)、諾加黴素(nogalamycin)、橄欖黴素(olivomycins)、培洛黴素(peplomycin)、泊非黴素(porfiromycin)、嘌呤黴素(puromycin)、三鐵阿黴素(quelamycin)、羅多比星(rodorubicin)、鏈黑菌素(streptonigrin)、鏈脲黴素(streptozocin)、殺結核菌素(tubercidin)、烏苯美司(ubenimex)、淨司他丁(zinostatin)、佐柔比星(zorubicin);抗代
謝物,諸如胺甲蝶呤及5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU);葉酸類似物,諸如二甲葉酸、胺甲蝶呤、蝶羅呤(pteropterin)、曲美沙特(trimetrexate);嘌呤類似物,諸如氟達拉濱(fludarabine)、6-巰基嘌呤、硫咪嘌呤(thiamiprine)、硫鳥嘌呤;嘧啶類似物,諸如環胞苷、阿紮胞苷、6-氮尿苷、卡莫氟(carmofur)、阿糖胞苷、二脫氧尿苷、去氧氟尿苷(doxifluridine)、依諾他濱(enocitabine)、氟尿苷;雄激素,諸如二甲睾酮、丙酸屈他雄酮(dromostanolone propionate)、環硫雄醇(epitiostanol)、美雄烷(mepitiostane)、睾內酯;抗腎上腺,諸如胺魯米特(aminoglutethimide)、米托坦(mitotane)、曲洛司坦(trilostane);葉酸補充劑,諸如亞葉酸;醋葡內酯;醛磷醯胺糖苷;胺基乙醯丙酸;恩尿嘧啶(eniluracil);安吖啶(amsacrine);貝他布昔(bestrabucil);比生群(bisantrene);依達曲沙(edatraxate);地磷醯胺(defofamine);秋水仙胺(demecolcine);地吖醌(diaziquone);依洛尼塞(elfomithine);依利醋銨(elliptinium acetate);埃博黴素(epothilone);依託格魯(etoglucid);硝酸鎵;羥基脲;香菇多糖;氯尼達明(lonidainine);美登素,諸如美坦辛及安絲菌素(ansamitocins);丙脒腙(mitoguazone);米托蒽醌(mitoxantrone);莫哌達醇(mopidamnol);硝呋旦(nitraerine);噴司他丁(pentostatin);苯來美特(phenamet);吡柔比星(pirarubicin);洛索蒽醌(losoxantrone);足葉草酸(podophyllinic acid);2-乙基醯肼;丙卡巴肼(procarbazine);PSK®多糖複合物(JHS Natural Products,Eugene,Oreg.);雷佐生(razoxane);根瘤菌素(rhizoxin);西索菲蘭(sizofuran);鍺螺胺(spirogermanium);細交鏈孢菌酮酸(tenuazonic acid);三亞胺醌(triaziquone);2,2',2"-三氯三乙胺;單端孢菌素(尤其是T-2毒素、黏液黴素A(verracurin A)、漆斑菌素A(roridin A)及蛇形菌素(anguidine));尿烷(urethan);長春地辛(vindesine);達卡巴嗪
(dacarbazine);甘露醇氮芥;二溴甘露醇;二溴衛矛醇(mitolactol);哌泊溴烷(pipobroman);加西托辛(gacytosine);阿拉伯糖苷(「Ara-C」);環磷醯胺;噻替派;紫杉烷,例如TAXOL(紫杉醇;Bristol-Myers Squibb Oncology,Princeton,N.J.)、ABRAXANE®(無氫化蓖麻油)、紫杉醇之白蛋白工程改造之奈米粒子調配物(American Pharmaceutical Partners,Schaumberg,Ill.)及TAXOTERE®(多西他賽(docetaxel)、多烯紫杉醇(doxetaxel);Sanofi-Aventis);苯丁酸氮芥;GEMZAR®(吉西他濱);6-硫代鳥嘌呤;巰基嘌呤;胺甲蝶呤;鉑類似物,諸如順鉑(cisplatin)及卡鉑(carboplatin);長春花鹼;依託泊苷(etoposide)(VP-16);異環磷醯胺;米托蒽醌;長春新鹼(vincristine);NAVELBINE®(長春瑞濱(vinorelbine));諾消靈(novantrone);替尼泊苷(teniposide);依達曲沙;道諾黴素;胺基蝶呤;卡培他濱(capecitabine)(XELODA®);伊班膦酸鹽(ibandronate);CPT-11;拓撲異構酶抑制劑RFS 2000;二氟甲基鳥胺酸(DMFO);類視黃素,諸如視黃酸;及上述任一者之醫藥學上可接受之鹽、酸及衍生物。
化學治療劑亦包括:(i)可用於調節或抑制對腫瘤之激素作用的抗激素劑,諸如抗雌激素及選擇性雌激素受體調節劑(SERM),包括例如他莫西芬(包括NOLVADEX®;檸檬酸他莫西芬)、雷洛昔芬(raloxifene)、屈洛昔芬(droloxifene)、依多昔芬(iodoxyfene)、4-羥基他莫西芬、曲沃昔芬(trioxifene)、雷洛西芬(keoxifene)、LY117018、奧那司酮(onapristone)及FARESTON®(檸檬酸托瑞米芬(toremifine citrate));(ii)抑制在腎上腺中調節雌激素產生之芳香酶之芳香酶抑制劑,諸如4(5)-咪唑、胺魯米特、MEGASE®(甲地孕酮)、AROMASIN®(依西斯坦;Pfizer)、福美司坦(formestanie)、法屈唑(fadrozole)、RIVISOR®(伏氯唑(vorozole))、FEMARA®(來曲唑;
Novartis)及ARIMIDEX®(阿那曲唑;AstraZeneca);(iii)抗雄激素,諸如氟他胺(flutamide)、尼魯米特(nilutamide)、比卡魯胺(bicalutamide)、亮丙瑞林(leuprolide)及歌舍瑞林(goserelin);布舍瑞林(buserelin)、曲普瑞林(tripterelin)、醋酸甲羥孕酮、二乙基己烯雌酚、普雷馬林、氟甲睾酮(fluoxymesterone)、全反式維甲酸、芬維A胺(fenretinide),以及曲沙他濱(troxacitabine)(1,3-二氧戊環核苷胞嘧啶類似物);(iv)蛋白激酶抑制劑;(v)脂質激酶抑制劑;(vi)反義寡核苷酸,詳言之抑制牽涉異常細胞增殖之信號傳導路徑中之基因表現的反義寡核苷酸,諸如PKC-α、Ralf及H-Ras;(vii)核糖酶,諸如VEGF表現抑制劑(例如ANGIOZYME®)及HER2表現抑制劑;(viii)疫苗,諸如基因治療疫苗,例如ALLOVECTIN®、LEUVECTIN®及VAXID®;PROLEUKIN®、rIL-2;拓撲異構酶1抑制劑,諸如LURTOTECAN®;ABARELIX® rmRH;及(ix)上述任一者之醫藥學上可接受之鹽、酸及衍生物。
化學治療劑亦包括抗體,諸如阿侖單抗(alemtuzumab)(Campath)、貝伐單抗(bevacizumab)(AVASTIN®,Genentech);西妥昔單抗(cetuximab)(ERBITUX®,Imclone);帕尼單抗(panitumumab)(VECTIBIX®,Amgen)、利妥昔單抗(rituximab)(RITUXAN®,Genentech/Biogen Idec)、帕妥珠單抗(pertuzumab)(OMNITARG®,2C4,Genentech)、曲妥珠單抗(trastuzumab)(HERCEPTIN®,Genentech)、托西莫單抗(tositumomab)(Bexxar,Corixia)及抗體藥物結合物吉妥珠單抗奧唑米星(gemtuzumab ozogamicin)(MYLOTARG®,Wyeth)。具有作為與本發明化合物組合之藥劑之治療潛力的其他人類化單株抗體包括:阿泊珠單抗(apolizumab)、阿塞珠單抗(aselizumab)、阿力珠單抗(atlizumab)、巴匹珠單抗(bapineuzumab)、比伐珠單抗(bivatuzumab mertansine)、坎妥珠單抗
(cantuzumab mertansine)、西地珠單抗(cedelizumab)、賽妥珠單抗(certolizumab pegol)、西福珠單抗(cidfusituzumab)、西土珠單抗(cidtuzumab)、達克珠單抗(daclizumab)、依庫珠單抗(eculizumab)、依法珠單抗(efalizumab)、依哌佐單抗(epratuzumab)、厄利珠單抗(erlizumab)、泛維珠單抗(felvizumab)、芳妥珠單抗(fontolizumab)、吉妥珠單抗奧唑米星、伊珠單抗奧唑米星(inotuzumab ozogamicin)、伊匹珠單抗(ipilimumab)、拉貝珠單抗(labetuzumab)、林妥珠單抗(lintuzumab)、馬妥珠單抗(matuzumab)、美泊珠單抗(mepolizumab)、莫他珠單抗(motavizumab)、莫妥珠單抗(motovizumab)、那他珠單抗(natalizumab)、尼妥珠單抗(nimotuzumab)、諾羅珠單抗(nolovizumab)、努瑪珠單抗(numavizumab)、奧瑞珠單抗(ocrelizumab)、奧馬珠單抗(omalizumab)、帕利珠單抗(palivizumab)、帕考珠單抗(pascolizumab)、帕西珠單抗(pecfusituzumab)、培妥珠單抗(pectuzumab)、培克珠單抗(pexelizumab)、拉利珠單抗(ralivizumab)、蘭尼單抗(ranibizumab)、瑞利維珠單抗(reslivizumab)、瑞利珠單抗(reslizumab)、瑞維珠單抗(resyvizumab)、羅維珠單抗(rovelizumab)、蘆利珠單抗(ruplizumab)、西羅珠單抗(sibrotuzumab)、西利珠單抗(siplizumab)、索土珠單抗(sontuzumab)、替他珠單抗(tacatuzumab tetraxetan)、他度珠單抗(tadocizumab)、他利珠單抗(talizumab)、替非珠單抗(tefibazumab)、妥珠單抗(tocilizumab)、妥利珠單抗(toralizumab)、西莫白介素突西珠單抗(tucotuzumab celmoleukin)、突西珠單抗(tucusituzumab)、烏瑪珠單抗(umavizumab)、烏珠單抗(urtoxazumab)、優特克單抗(ustekinumab)、維西珠單抗(visilizumab)及抗白介素-12(ABT-874/J695,Wyeth Research and Abbott Laboratories),其為重組獨佔性人類序列,即經基因修飾以識別白介素-12 p40蛋白之全長IgG1λ抗體。
化學治療劑亦包括「EGFR抑制劑」,其係指結合或直接與EGFR相互作用且防止或降低其信號傳導活性之化合物,且替代地稱為「EGFR拮抗劑」。該等藥劑之實例包括結合EGFR之抗體及小分子。結合EGFR之抗體之實例包括MAb 579(ATCC CRL HB 8506)、MAb 455(ATCC CRL HB8507)、MAb 225(ATCC CRL 8508)、MAb 528(ATCC CRL 8509)(參見美國專利號4,943,533,Mendelsohn等人)及其變異體,諸如嵌合225(C225或西妥昔單抗(Cetuximab);ERBUTIX®)及重構人類225(H225)(參見WO 96/40210,Imclone Systems Inc.);IMC-11F8,即全長人類EGFR靶向抗體(Imclone);結合II型突變EGFR之抗體(美國專利第5,212,290號);如美國專利第5,891,996號中所描述之結合EGFR之人類化及嵌合抗體;及結合EGFR之人類抗體,諸如ABX-EGF或帕尼單抗(Panitumumab)(參見WO98/50433,Abgenix/Amgen);EMD 55900(Stragliotto等,Eur.J.Cancer 32A:636-640(1996));EMD7200(馬妥珠單抗(matuzumab)),即與EGF及TGF-α競爭EGFR結合之針對EGFR之人類化EGFR抗體(EMD/Merck);人類EGFR抗體HuMax-EGFR(GenMab);稱為E1.1、E2.4、E2.5、E6.2、E6.4、E2.11、E6.3及E7.6.3且描述於US 6,235,883中之全長人類抗體;MDX-447(Medarex Inc);及mAb 806或人類化mAb 806(Johns等人,J.Biol.Chem.279(29):30375-30384(2004))。抗EGFR抗體可與細胞毒性劑結合,因而產生免疫結合物(參見例如EP659,439A2,Merck Patent GmbH)。EGFR拮抗劑包括小分子,諸如以下各案中所描述之化合物:美國專利第5,616,582號、第5,457,105號、第5,475,001號、第5,654,307號、第5,679,683號、第6,084,095號、第6,265,410號、第6,455,534號、第6,521,620號、第6,596,726號、第6,713,484號、第5,770,599號、第6,140,332號、第5,866,572號、第6,399,602號、第6,344,459號、第6,602,863號、第6,391,874號、第6,344,455號、第
5,760,041號、第6,002,008號及第5,747,498號,以及以下PCT公開案:WO98/14451、WO98/50038、WO99/09016及WO99/24037。特定小分子EGFR拮抗劑包括OSI-774(CP-358774,埃羅替尼,TARCEVA®(Genentech/OSI Pharmaceuticals);PD 183805(CI 1033,2-丙烯醯胺,N-[4-[(3-氯-4-氟苯基)胺基]-7-[3-(4-嗎啉基)丙氧基]-6-喹唑啉基]-二鹽酸鹽,Pfizer Inc.);ZD1839、吉非替尼(IRESSA®)4-(3'-氯-4'-氟苯胺基)-7-甲氧基-6-(3-(N-嗎啉基)丙氧基)喹唑啉,AstraZeneca);ZM 105180((6-胺基-4-(3-甲基苯基-胺基)-喹唑啉,Zeneca);BIBX-1382(N8-(3-氯-4-氟-苯基)-N2-(1-甲基-哌啶-4-基)-嘧啶并[5,4-d]嘧啶-2,8-二胺,Boehringer Ingelheim);PKI-166((R)-4-[4-[(1-苯乙基)胺基]-1H-吡咯并[2,3-d]嘧啶-6-基]-苯酚);(R)-6-(4-羥苯基)-4-[(1-苯乙基)胺基]-7H-吡咯并[2,3-d]嘧啶);CL-387785(N-[4-[(3-溴苯基)胺基]-6-喹唑啉基]-2-丁炔醯胺);EKB-569(N-[4-[(3-氯-4-氟苯基)胺基]-3-氰基-7-乙氧基-6-喹啉基]-4-(二甲基胺基)-2-丁烯醯胺)(Wyeth);AG1478(Pfizer);AG1571(SU 5271;Pfizer);雙EGFR/HER2酪胺酸激酶抑制劑,諸如拉帕替尼(TYKERB®,GSK572016或N-[3-氯-4-[(3-氟苯基)甲氧基]苯基]-6[5[[[2-甲基磺醯基)乙基]胺基]甲基]-2-呋喃基]-4-喹唑啉胺)。
化學治療劑亦包括「酪胺酸激酶抑制劑」,其包括前一段中所指出之EGFR靶向藥物;小分子HER2酪胺酸激酶抑制劑,諸如可獲自Takeda之TAK165;ErbB2受體酪胺酸激酶之口服選擇性抑制劑CP-724,714(Pfizer及OSI);雙HER抑制劑,諸如EKB-569(可獲自Wyeth),其優先結合EGFR但抑制過度表現HER2與EGFR之細胞;拉帕替尼(GSK572016;可獲自Glaxo-SmithKline),其為一種口服HER2及EGFR酪胺酸激酶抑制劑;PKI-166(可獲自Novartis);pan-HER抑制劑,諸如卡奈替尼(canertinib)(CI-1033;Pharmacia);Raf-1抑制
劑,諸如抑制Raf-1信號傳導之反義藥劑ISIS-5132(可獲自ISIS Pharmaceuticals);非HER靶向TK抑制劑,諸如甲磺酸伊馬替尼(GLEEVEC®,可獲自Glaxo SmithKline);多靶向酪胺酸激酶抑制劑,諸如舒尼替尼(SUTENT®,可獲自Pfizer);VEGF受體酪胺酸激酶抑制劑,諸如瓦他拉尼(vatalanib)(PTK787/ZK222584,可獲自Novartis/Schering AG);MAPK細胞外調節激酶I抑制劑CI-1040(可獲自Pharmacia);喹唑啉,諸如PD 153035、4-(3-氯苯胺基)喹唑啉;吡啶并嘧啶;嘧啶并嘧啶;吡咯并嘧啶,諸如CGP 59326、CGP 60261及CGP 62706;吡唑并嘧啶、4-(苯基胺基)-7H-吡咯并[2,3-d]嘧啶;薑黃素(二阿魏醯甲烷、4,5-雙(4-氟苯胺基)酞醯亞胺);含有硝基噻吩部分之酪胺酸磷酸化抑制劑;PD-0183805(Warner-Lamber);反義分子(例如結合HER編碼核酸之反義分子);喹喏啉(美國專利第5,804,396號);酪胺酸磷酸化抑制劑(美國專利第5,804,396號);ZD6474(Astra Zeneca);PTK-787(Novartis/Schering AG);pan-HER抑制劑,諸如CI-1033(Pfizer);Affinitac(ISIS 3521;Isis/Lilly);甲磺酸伊馬替尼(GLEEVEC®);PKI 166(Novartis);GW2016(Glaxo SmithKline);CI-1033(Pfizer);EKB-569(Wyeth);司馬西尼(Semaxinib)(Pfizer);ZD6474(AstraZeneca);PTK-787(Novartis/Schering AG);INC-1C11(Imclone)、雷帕黴素(西羅莫司,RAPAMUNE®);或如以下專利公開案中任一者所描述:美國專利第5,804,396號;WO 1999/09016(American Cyanamid);WO 1998/43960(American Cyanamid);WO 1997/38983(Warner Lambert);WO 1999/06378(Warner Lambert);WO 1999/06396(Warner Lambert);WO 1996/30347(Pfizer,Inc);WO 1996/33978(Zeneca);WO 1996/3397(Zeneca);及WO 1996/33980(Zeneca)。
化學治療劑亦包括地塞米松(dexamethasone)、干擾素、秋水仙
鹼、氯苯氨啶(metoprine)、環孢黴素(cyclosporine)、兩性黴素、甲硝噠唑(metronidazole)、阿侖單抗(alemtuzumab)、阿利維甲酸(alitretinoin)、別嘌呤醇(allopurinol)、阿米福汀(amifostine)、三氧化二砷、天冬醯胺酶、活BCG、貝伐珠單抗、蓓薩羅丁(bexarotene)、克拉屈濱(cladribine)、克羅拉濱(clofarabine)、阿法達貝泊汀(darbepoetin alfa)、地尼白介素(denileukin)、右雷佐生(dexrazoxane)、阿法依伯汀(epoetin alfa)、厄洛替尼(elotinib)、非格司亭(filgrastim)、醋酸組胺瑞林(histrelin acetate)、伊莫單抗(ibritumomab)、干擾素α-2a、干擾素α-2b、來那度胺(lenalidomide)、左旋咪唑(levamisole)、美司鈉(mesna)、甲氧沙林(methoxsalen)、諾龍(nandrolone)、奈拉濱(nelarabine)、若莫單抗(nofetumomab)、奧普瑞白介素(oprelvekin)、帕利夫明(palifermin)、帕米膦酸鹽(pamidronate)、培加酶(pegademase)、培門冬酶(pegaspargase)、培非格司亭(pegfilgrastim)、培美曲塞二鈉(pemetrexed disodium)、普卡黴素(plicamycin)、卟吩姆鈉(porfimer sodium)、喹吖因(quinacrine)、拉布立酶(rasburicase)、沙格司亭(sargramostim)、替莫唑胺(temozolomide)、VM-26、6-TG、托瑞米芬、維甲酸、ATRA、valrubicin、唑來膦酸鹽(zoledronate)及唑來膦酸(zoledronic acid)及其醫藥學上可接受之鹽。
化學治療劑亦包括氫皮質酮(hydrocortisone)、醋酸氫皮質酮、醋酸可體松(cortisone acetate)、特戊酸替可體松(tixocortol pivalate)、丙酮化曲安新龍(triamcinolone acetonide)、曲安新龍醇(triamcinolone alcohol)、莫米松(mometasone)、安西奈德(amcinonide)、布地奈德(budesonide)、地奈德(desonide)、氟欣諾能(fluocinonide)、丙酮化氟新龍(fluocinolone acetonide)、倍他米松(betamethasone)、倍他米松磷酸鈉、地塞米松(dexamethasone)、地塞米松磷酸鈉、氟可龍
(fluocortolone)、氫皮質酮-17-丁酸酯、氫皮質酮-17-戊酸酯、二丙酸別氯地米松(aclometasone dipropionate)、戊酸倍他米松、二丙酸倍他米松、潑尼卡酯(prednicarbate)、氯倍他松-17-丁酸酯(clobetasone-17-butyrate)、氯倍他索-17-丙酸酯(clobetasol-17-propionate)、己酸氟可龍、戊酸氟可龍及醋酸氟潑尼定(fluprednidene acetate);免疫選擇性消炎肽(ImSAIDs),諸如苯丙胺酸-麩醯胺酸-甘胺酸(FEG)及其D-異構形式(feG)(IMULAN BioTherapeutics,LLC);抗風濕藥,諸如硫唑嘌呤、環孢靈(環孢菌素A)、D-青黴胺(D-penicillamine)、金鹽、羥氯喹(hydroxychloroquine)、來氟米特(leflunomide)、米諾環素(minocycline)、柳氮磺胺吡啶(sulfasalazine);腫瘤壞死因子α(TNFα)阻斷劑,諸如依那西普(etanercept)(恩博(Enbrel))、英夫利昔單抗(infliximab)(Remicade)、阿達木單抗(adalimumab)(Humira)、賽妥珠單抗(certolizumab pegol)(Cimzia)、戈利木單抗(golimumab)(Simponi);白介素1(IL-1)阻斷劑,諸如阿那白滯素(anakinra)(Kineret);T細胞共同刺激阻斷劑,諸如阿巴西普(abatacept)(Orencia);白介素6(IL-6)阻斷劑,諸如妥珠單抗(ACTEMERA®);白介素13(IL-13)阻斷劑,諸如來金珠單抗(lebrikizumab);干擾素α(IFN)阻斷劑,諸如隆塔珠單抗(Rontalizumab);β7整合素阻斷劑,諸如rhuMAb β7;IgE路徑阻斷劑,諸如抗M1初打疫苗;分泌同源三聚LTa3;及膜結合異源三聚物LTa1/β2阻斷劑,諸如抗淋巴毒素α(LTa);放射性同位素(例如At211、I131、I125、Y90、Re186、Re188、Sm153、Bi212、P32、Pb212及Lu之放射性同位素);多種研究劑,諸如硫鉑(thioplatin)、PS-341、苯基丁酸鹽、ET-18-OCH3或法尼基轉移酶抑制劑(L-739749、L-744832);多酚類,諸如槲皮素(quercetin)、白藜蘆醇(resveratrol)、白皮杉醇(piceatannol)、表沒食子兒茶素沒食子酸酯、茶黃素(theaflavins)、黃烷醇(flavanols)、原花青素
(procyanidins)、樺木酸及其衍生物;自噬抑制劑,諸如氯喹;δ-9-四氫大麻酚(屈大麻酚(dronabinol)、MARINOL®);β-拉帕醌(beta-lapachone);拉帕醇(lapachol);秋水仙鹼;樺木酸;乙醯基喜樹鹼、東莨菪素(scopolectin)及9-胺基喜樹鹼);鬼臼毒素(podophyllotoxin);替加氟(tegafur)(UFTORAL®);蓓薩羅丁(bexarotene)(TARGRETIN®);二膦酸鹽,諸如氯膦酸鹽(例如BONEFOS®或OSTAC®)、伊替膦酸鹽(etidronate)(DIDROCAL®)、NE-58095、唑來膦酸/唑來膦酸鹽(ZOMETA®)、阿倫膦酸鹽(alendronate)(FOSAMAX®)、帕米膦酸鹽(pamidronate)(AREDIA®)、替魯膦酸鹽(tiludronate)(SKELID®)或利塞膦酸鹽(risedronate)(ACTONEL®);及上皮生長因子受體(EGF-R);疫苗,諸如THERATOPE®疫苗;哌立福辛(perifosine)、COX-2抑制劑(例如塞來昔布(celecoxib)或依託考昔(etoricoxib))、蛋白酶體抑制劑(例如PS341);CCI-779;替吡法尼(tipifarnib)(R11577);奧拉非尼(orafenib)、ABT510;Bcl-2抑制劑,諸如奧利默森鈉(oblimersen sodium)(GENASENSE®);匹杉瓊(pixantrone);法尼基轉移酶抑制劑,諸如洛那法尼(lonafarnib)(SCH 6636,SARASARTM);及上述任一者之醫藥學上可接受之鹽、酸及衍生物;以及上述兩種或兩種以上之組合,諸如CHOP,即環磷醯胺、阿黴素、長春新鹼及潑尼龍組合療法之縮寫;及FOLFOX,即利用奧沙利鉑(ELOXATINTM)與5-FU及甲醯四氫葉酸之組合的治療方案之縮寫。
化學治療劑亦包括具有止痛、退熱及消炎效應之非類固醇消炎藥。NSAID包括酶環加氧酶之非選擇性抑制劑。NSAID之特定實例包括阿司匹靈(aspirin);丙酸衍生物,諸如布洛芬(ibuprofen)、非諾洛芬(fenoprofen)、酮洛芬(ketoprofen)、氟比洛芬(flurbiprofen)、奧沙普秦(oxaprozin)及萘普生(naproxen);乙酸衍生物,諸如吲哚美辛
(indomethacin)、舒林酸(sulindac)、依託度酸(etodolac)、雙氯芬酸(diclofenac);烯醇酸衍生物,諸如吡羅昔康、美洛昔康(meloxicam)、替諾昔康(tenoxicam)、屈噁昔康(droxicam)、氯諾昔康(lornoxicam)及伊索昔康(isoxicam);滅酸(fenamic acid)衍生物,諸如甲滅酸(mefenamic acid)、甲氯滅酸(meclofenamic acid)、氟滅酸(flufenamic acid)、托滅酸(tolfenamic acid);及COX-2抑制劑,諸如塞來昔布、依託考昔、氯美昔布(lumiracoxib)、帕瑞昔布(parecoxib)、羅非考昔(rofecoxib)、羅非考昔及伐地昔布(valdecoxib)。NSAID可指示用於諸如變形性關節炎、骨關節炎、發炎性關節病、強直性脊椎炎、牛皮癬關節炎、萊特爾氏綜合征(Reiter's syndrome)、急性痛風、痛經、轉移性骨痛、頭痛及偏頭痛、手術後疼痛、由於炎症及組織損傷所致之輕度至中度疼痛、發熱、腸梗阻及腎絞痛之症狀減輕。
化學治療劑亦包括用於阿茲海默氏病之治療,諸如鹽酸多奈哌齊(donepezil hydrochloride)及酒石酸卡巴拉汀(rivastigmine);用於帕金森氏病(Parkinson's Disease)之治療,諸如L-DOPA/卡比多巴(carbidopa)、恩他卡朋(entacapone)、羅匹尼羅(ropinrole)、普拉克索(pramipexole)、溴隱亭(bromocriptine)、培高利特(pergolide)、三己芬迪(trihexephendyl)及阿曼他丁(amantadine);用於治療多發性硬化(MS)之藥劑,諸如β干擾素(例如Avonex®及Rebif®)、醋酸格拉替雷(glatiramer acetate)及米托蒽醌;用於哮喘之治療,諸如舒喘寧(albuterol)及孟魯司特鈉(montelukast sodium);用於治療精神分裂症之藥劑,諸如金普薩(zyprexa)、理思必妥(risperdal)、思樂康(seroquel)及氟哌啶醇(haloperidol);消炎劑,諸如皮質類固醇、TNF阻斷劑、IL-1 RA、咪唑硫嘌呤、環磷醯胺及柳氮磺胺吡啶;免疫調節劑及免疫抑制劑,諸如環孢靈、他克莫司、雷帕黴素、黴酚酸嗎啉乙酯(mycophenolate mofetil)、干擾素、皮質類固醇、環磷醯胺、咪唑
硫嘌呤及柳氮磺胺吡啶;神經營養性因子,諸如乙醯膽鹼酯酶抑制劑、MAO抑制劑、干擾素、抗驚厥劑、離子通道阻斷劑、利魯唑(riluzole)及抗帕金森病(anti-Parkinsonian)劑;用於治療心血管疾病之藥劑,諸如β阻斷劑、ACE抑制劑、利尿劑、硝酸鹽、鈣離子通道阻斷劑及斯達汀(statins);用於治療肝病之藥劑,諸如皮質類固醇、消膽胺(cholestyramine)、干擾素及抗病毒劑;用於治療血液病症之藥劑,諸如皮質類固醇、抗白血病劑及生長因子;及用於治療免疫缺乏病症之藥劑,諸如γ球蛋白。
另外,化學治療劑包括本文中所描述之任何化學治療劑之醫藥學上可接受之鹽、酸或衍生物以及其中兩種或兩種以上之組合。
可與載劑物質組合以製造單一劑型之式(I)化合物或其鹽及附加藥劑(在包含如上文所描述之附加治療劑之組合物中)之量將視所治療之主體及特定投藥模式而變化。在某些實施例中,本發明之組合物經調配以便可投與在0.01-100毫克之間本發明化合物/公斤體重/天之劑量。
附加治療劑及式(I)化合物可協同作用。因此,該等組合物中之附加治療劑之量可少於僅利用該治療劑之單一療法中所需之量,或如使用較低劑量,可能對患者有較小副作用。在某些實施例中,在該等組合物中,可投與在0.01-1,000微克附加治療劑/公斤體重/天之間的劑量。
詳言之,本文中提供治療個體之癌症之方法,其包含向該個體投與(a)式(I)化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽及(b)細胞毒性劑(例如靶向療法、化學療法及/或放射療法)。
本文中提供治療個體之癌症之方法,其中癌症治療包含向該個體投與(a)有效量之式(I)化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽及(b)有效量之細胞毒性劑,其中該癌症治療與包含投與有效量之細胞毒性劑而無
(不存在)式(I)化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽的治療(例如標準護理治療)相比具有提高之效力。
在任何方法之某些實施例中,細胞毒性劑為放射療法。
在任何方法之某些實施例中,式(I)化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽係伴隨細胞毒性劑(例如靶向療法、化學療法及/或放射療法)投與。在某些實施例中,式(I)化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽係在細胞毒性劑(例如靶向療法、化學療法及/或放射療法)之前及/或與其同時投與。
如以下實例中所描繪,在某些例示性實施例中,根據以下一般程序製備化合物,其中R1、R2、R3及Ra及Rb如針對式I及其替代實施例所定義。應瞭解,儘管一般方法描繪某些本發明化合物之合成,但以下一般方法及熟習此項技術者已知之其他方法可應用於如本文中所描述之所有化合物及此等化合物中每一者之子類及種類。
(a)2-碘代乙腈、K2CO3、乙腈,90℃。(b)1-第三丁氧基-N,N,N',N'-四甲基-甲二胺、DMF,90℃。(c)鹽酸苯胺、DMF,110℃。(d)Ra-胍、K2CO3、1-丁醇、DMF,120℃。(e)Fe、AcOH,40℃。(f)DIEA、CH2Cl2。
藉由以下實例來說明實施例。
儀器:Gilson-281
管柱:Gemini 150×30mm,5μm粒徑
移動相:ACN 25%-55% H2O(+0.05%NH4OH)
速率:25ml/min
監測波長:220nm/254nm
運行時長:12min/15min
管柱溫度:30℃
儀器:BH
管柱:Phenomenex Gemini C18 200×25mm×10μm
移動相:MeCN:25%-55%;H2O(+0.05% NH4OH)
速率:25mL/min
監測波長:220nm/254nm
運行時長:12min
儀器:Gilson GX281
管柱:YMC-Actus Triart C18 150×30mm
移動相:MeCN:37%-67%;H2O(+0.05%氨溶液)
速率:25ml/min
監測波長:220nm/254nm
運行時長:10min/15min
在70℃下將6-氯-[1,2,4]三唑并[4,3-b]噠嗪(200mg,1.2940mmol)、N-[(3S)-吡咯啶-3-基]胺基甲酸第三丁酯(265mg,1.4234
mmol)及N,N-二異丙基乙胺(0.29mL,1.6822mmol)於乙醇(6mL,98.6mmol)中之混合物攪拌6小時。接著冷卻並濃縮混合物。在水中濕磨殘餘物且藉由過濾收集所獲得之固體,並且用水洗滌。接著在真空下乾燥此物質,得到240mg呈白色固體狀之N-[(3S)-1-([1,2,4]三唑并[4,3-b]噠嗪-6-基)吡咯啶-3-基]胺基甲酸第三丁酯。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ 9.18(s,1H),8.03(d,J=10.0Hz,1H),7.26(d,J=6.6Hz,1H),7.03(d,J=10.1Hz,1H),4.14(dd,J=11.7,6.0Hz,1H),3.75-3.43(m,4H),2.14(dq,J=13.4,7.0Hz,1H),1.91(dt,J=12.5,6.5Hz,1H),1.39(s,9H)。
在室溫下,在氯化氫(4mol/L)之1,4-二噁烷(9.8mL,39.42mmol)溶液中將N-[(3S)-1-([1,2,4]三唑并[4,3-b]噠嗪-6-基)吡咯啶-3-基]胺基甲酸第三丁酯(240mg,0.7884mmol)攪拌30分鐘。接著在真空下濃縮並乾燥該混合物,得到190mg呈黃色固體狀之(3S)-1-([1,2,4]三唑并[4,3-b]噠嗪-6-基)吡咯啶-3-胺鹽酸鹽,其不經純化即用於下一步驟。
將1-異氰酸酯基-3-(三氟甲基)苯(28mg,0.150mmol)添加至(3S)-1-([1,2,4]三唑并[4,3-b]噠嗪-6-基)吡咯啶-3-胺鹽酸鹽(30mg,0.124mmol)及N-乙基二異丙胺(0.065mL,0.372mmol)於二氯甲烷(1mL)中之溶液中。在室溫下將混合物攪拌1小時。接著濃縮混合物且藉由HPLC(條件)加以純化,得到21.6mg呈白色固體狀之1-[(3S)-1-([1,2,4]三唑并[4,3-b]噠嗪-6-基)吡咯啶-3-基]-3-[3-(三氟甲基)苯基]脲。LCMS m/z=392.2[M+1]+。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ 9.24-9.17(s,1H),8.83-8.69(s,1H),8.14-8.02(d,J=10.0Hz,1H),8.02-7.94(s,1H),
7.53-7.38(m,2H),7.29-7.18(d,J=7.0Hz,1H),7.15-7.05(d,J=10.0Hz,1H),6.80-6.67(d,J=6.6Hz,1H),4.42-4.26(q,J=5.7Hz,1H),3.82-3.68(dd,J=10.9,6.0Hz,1H),3.66.3.51(m,2H),3.48-3.37(dd,J=10.9,4.1Hz,1H),2.30-2.16(dq,J=13.6,7.0Hz,1H),2.05-1.90(dq,J=12.4,6.2Hz,1H)。
LCMS m/z=426.1[M+1]+。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ 9.26-9.13(s,1H),8.93-8.79(s,1H),8.16-7.97(m,2H),7.65-7.45(s,2H),7.16-6.98(d,J=10.0Hz,1H),6.87-6.75(d,J=6.6Hz,1H),4.43-4.26(q,J=5.5Hz,1H),3.79-3.66(dd,J=11.0,6.1Hz,1H),3.66-3.50(q,J=7.1,6.2Hz,2H),3.47-3.37(m,1H),2.30-2.17(dd,J=13.2,6.5Hz,1H),2.08-1.90(dd,J=12.2,6.1Hz,1H)。
LCMS m/z=358.2[M+1]+。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ 9.23-9.12(s,1H),8.84.8.68(s,1H),8.11-7.99(d,J=10.0Hz,1H),7.71-7.62(d,J=2.2Hz,1H),7.30-7.14(m,2H),7.11-7.04(d,J=10.1Hz,1H),6.98-6.90(d,J=7.6Hz,1H),6.91-6.83(d,J=6.7Hz,1H),4.41-4.25(q,J=5.6Hz,1H),3.79-3.65(dd,J=10.9,6.0Hz,1H),3.65-3.50(q,J
=6.6,5.9Hz,2H),3.46-3.37(dd,J=10.9,4.1Hz,1H),2.29-2.16(dq,J=13.6,7.2Hz,1H),2.07-1.88(dq,J=12.6,6.2Hz,1H)。
LCMS m/z=392.2[M+1]+。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ 9.26-9.18(s,1H),8.78-8.65(s,1H),8.12-8.02(d,J=10.0Hz,1H),8.03-7.93(s,1H),7.53-7.38(m,2H),7.31-7.19(d,J=7.0Hz,1H),7.14-7.01(d,J=10.0Hz,1H),6.80-6.65(d,J=6.8Hz,1H),4.45-4.27(q,J=5.7Hz,1H),3.80-3.68(dd,J=10.9,6.1Hz,1H),3.65-3.52(m,2H),3.49-3.37(dd,J=10.6,4.0Hz,1H),2.30-2.16(dd,J=12.9,6.5Hz,1H),2.05-1.92(dd,J=12.6,6.4Hz,1H)。
LCMS m/z=426.1[M+1]+。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ 9.25-9.11(s,1H),8.94-8.82(s,2H),8.12-8.00(m,3H),7.61-7.49(s,3H),7.15-6.99(d,J=10.0Hz,2H),6.89-6.75(d,J=6.8Hz,2H),2.30-2.15(m,2H),4.41-4.25(q,J=5.6Hz,2H),3.78-3.68(m,2H),2.07-1.91(m,2H),3.64-3.51(q,J=6.9,6.1Hz,3H),3.48-3.37(d,J=4.1Hz,1H)。
LCMS m/z=358.2[M+1]+。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ 9.24-9.15(s,1H),8.75-8.61(s,1H),8.12-8.00(d,J=10.0Hz,1H),7.70-7.61(s,1H),7.29-7.14(m,2H),7.13-7.03(d,J=10.0Hz,1H),6.97-6.89(m,1H),6.84-6.73(d,J=6.6Hz,1H),4.41-4.23(q,J=5.5Hz,1H),3.79-3.65(dd,J=10.8,6.0Hz,1H),3.65-3.50(q,J=6.4,5.5Hz,2H),3.45-3.36(dd,J=10.4,3.8Hz,1H),2.30-2.14(dq,J=13.7,7.2Hz,1H),2.03-1.89(dt,J=12.4,6.3Hz,1H)。
LCMS m/z=518.3[M+1]+。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ 9.24-9.12(m,1H),8.72(s,1H),8.05(dd,J=10.0,0.9Hz,1H),7.92(d,J=2.2Hz,1H),7.60-7.52(m,1H),7.51-7.43(m,1H),7.08(d,J=10.0Hz,1H),6.72(d,J=6.6Hz,1H),4.34(d,J=5.6Hz,1H),3.73(dd,J=11.0,6.0Hz,1H),3.58(d,J=7.0Hz,2H),3.49(s,2H),3.41(dd,J=11.0,4.2Hz,1H),2.43-2.16(m,10H),1.98(t,J=6.1Hz,1H),0.97(t,
J=7.1Hz,3H)。
在90℃下對N-[(3S)-吡咯啶-3-基]胺基甲酸第三丁酯(200mg,1.074mmol)、4-氯嘧啶-2-胺(167mg,1.29mmol)及N,N'-二異丙基乙胺(0.28mL,1.61mmol)於異丙醇(3mL)中之混合物進行攪拌。接著將混合物冷卻至室溫且添加水。藉由過濾收集沈澱之固體,用水洗滌且在真空下乾燥,得到300mg呈白色固體狀之N-[(3S)-1-(2-胺基嘧啶-4-基)吡咯啶-3-基]胺基甲酸第三丁酯。此產物不經純化即用於下一步驟。
在室溫下,在氯化氫(4mol/l)之1,4-二噁烷(2.7mL,10.74mmol)溶液中將N-[(3S)-1-(2-胺基嘧啶-4-基)吡咯啶-3-基]胺基甲酸第三丁酯(300mg,1.074mmol)攪拌1小時。接著濃縮反應物且在真空下乾燥,得到170mg呈白色固體狀之4-[(3S)-3-胺基吡咯啶-1-基]嘧啶-2-胺。此產物不經純化即用於下一步驟。
將2-氯-4-異氰酸酯基-1-甲基-苯(56mg,0.278mmol)添加至4-[(3S)-3-胺基吡咯啶-1-基]嘧啶-2-胺鹽酸鹽(50mg,0.232mmol)及N-乙基二異丙胺(0.204mL,1.159mmol)於二氯甲烷(3mL)中之溶液
中。在室溫下將混合物攪拌1小時。接著濃縮混合物且藉由HPLC(條件)加以純化,得到55.4mg呈白色固體狀之1-[(3S)-1-(2-胺基嘧啶-4-基)吡咯啶-3-基]-3-(3-氯-4-甲基-苯基)脲。LCMS m/z=347.2[M+1]+。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ 8.83(s,1H),8.12-8.00(m,1H),7.73(d,J=5.8Hz,1H),7.54(d,J=1.4Hz,2H),6.72(d,J=6.6Hz,1H),5.90(s,2H),5.74(d,J=5.8Hz,1H),4.26(s,1H),3.58(t,J=8.1Hz,1H),3.42(s,2H),2.15(dt,J=13.8,6.9Hz,1H),1.91(dd,J=11.2,6.0Hz,1H)。
LCMS m/z=401.1[M+1]+。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ 8.83(s,1H),8.12-8.00(m,1H),7.73(d,J=5.8Hz,1H),7.54(d,J=1.4Hz,2H),6.72(d,J=6.6Hz,1H),5.90(s,2H),5.74(d,J=5.8Hz,1H),4.26(s,1H),3.58(t,J=8.1Hz,1H),3.42(s,2H),2.15(dt,J=13.8,6.9Hz,1H),1.91(dd,J=11.2,6.0Hz,1H)。
LCMS m/z=415.2[M+1]+。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ 8.83(s,1H),8.06(s,1H),7.76(d,J=5.8Hz,1H),7.54(d,J=1.4Hz,2H),6.73(d,J=6.7Hz,1H),6.32(d,J=5.0Hz,1H),5.73(d,J=5.9Hz,1H),4.27(s,1H),3.52(d,J=64.8Hz,4H),2.73(d,J=4.8Hz,3H),2.16(dd,J=12.5,6.5Hz,1H),1.92(t,J=8.1Hz,1H)。
LCMS m/z=361.2[M+1]+。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ 8.41(s,1H),7.76(d,J=5.8Hz,1H),7.63(d,J=2.1Hz,1H),7.22-7.12(m,1H),7.08(dd,J=8.3,2.2Hz,1H),6.54(d,J=6.8Hz,1H),6.32(q,J=4.8Hz,1H),5.73(d,J=5.8Hz,1H),4.25(s,1H),3.59(s,1H),3.43(s,3H),2.73(d,J=4.7Hz,3H),2.23(s,3H),2.14(dt,J=13.9,7.7Hz,1H),1.89(s,1H)。
LCMS m/z=397.2[M+1]+。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ 8.53(s,1H),7.76(d,J=5.8Hz,1H),7.54-7.39(m,2H),7.22(d,J=8.5Hz,2H),6.56(d,J=6.8Hz,1H),6.32(d,J=5.3Hz,1H),5.73(d,J=5.8Hz,1H),4.27(s,1H),3.59(s,1H),3.44(s,2H),2.73(d,J=4.7Hz,3H),2.16(dd,J=13.0,6.8Hz,1H),1.89(s,1H)。
LCMS m/z=379.2[M+1]+。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ 8.39(s,1H),7.76(d,J=5.8Hz,1H),7.47-7.33(m,2H),7.11-6.99(m,2H),6.50(d,J=6.8Hz,1H),6.32(d,J=5.3Hz,1H),5.73(d,J=5.8Hz,1H),4.26(s,1H),3.57(s,4H),2.73(d,J=4.7Hz,3H),2.23-2.05(m,1H),1.89(s,1H)。
經30分鐘向氮雜環丁烷鹽酸鹽(1.4g,15mmol)及DIPEA(1.9g,15mmol)於CH3CN(30mL)中之溶液中逐滴添加1-(溴甲基)-4-硝基苯(1.07g,5mmol)。在室溫下在N2氛圍下將反應混合物攪拌3小時,接著用DCM(80mL)稀釋。用水(3×80mL)洗滌有機層並且濃縮,得到粗標題化合物,其不經進一步純化即繼續使用(0.77g,產率:81%)。
向1-(4-硝基苯甲基)氮雜環丁烷(0.77g,4mmol)於AcOH(10mL)中之溶液中添加Fe(2.24g,40mmol),且在室溫下在N2氛圍下將反應混合物攪拌3小時。當起始物質耗盡時,濃縮反應混合物並且鹼化至約pH 9,接著用DCM(3×30mL)萃取。濃縮所合併之有機物,獲得標題化合物,其不經進一步純化即繼續使用(453mg,產率:71%)。
向(S)-(1-(2-氯嘧啶-4-基)吡咯啶-3-基)胺基甲酸第三丁酯(14g,94.6mmol)於丙-2-醇(50mL)中之溶液中添加DIPEA(14.64g,113.51mmol),並且將混合物冷卻至0℃,接著向該溶液中逐份添加(S)-吡咯啶-3-基胺基甲酸第三丁酯(17.6g,94.6mmol)。在25℃下將反應溶液攪拌30分鐘。接著濃縮混合物,且在矽膠管柱上純化殘餘物(用10%乙酸乙酯/石油醚溶離),得到呈固體狀之(S)-(1-(2-氯嘧啶-4-基)吡咯啶-3-基)胺基甲酸第三丁酯(22.5g,產率80%)及(S)-(1-(4-氯嘧啶-2-基)吡咯啶-3-基)胺基甲酸第三丁酯(3.0g,產率10%)。
1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz):δ 7.97(d,J=6.0,1H),6.15(d,J=6.0,1H),4.79(s,1H),4.31(s,1H),3.22-3.82(m,4H),2.25(s,1H),1.91-2.03(m,1H),1.42(s,9H);
MS(ESI):m/z 298.9[M+1]+。
1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz):δ 8.09(d,J=5.2,1H),6.45(d,J=5.2,1H),4.60(s,1H),4.26(s,1H),3.74-3.79(m,1H),3.53-3.63(m,2H),3.36-3.40(m,1H),2.15-2.23(m,1H),1.85-1.93(m,1H),1.38(s,9H);
MS(ESI):m/z 298.9[M+1]+。
向(S)-(1-(2-氯嘧啶-4-基)吡咯啶-3-基)胺基甲酸第三丁酯(22g,74mmol)於甲胺/THF(2M,100ml)中之溶液中添加CuSO4(1.18g,7.4mmol)。在80℃下在高壓釜中將反應溶液攪拌16小時。濃縮該混合物且將殘餘物溶解於乙酸乙酯(600ml)中,用NH4OH溶液(3×20ml)洗滌。使有機層經硫酸鈉乾燥並濃縮。在矽膠管柱上純化殘餘物(用45%乙酸乙酯/石油醚溶離),獲得(S)-(1-(2-(甲基胺基)嘧啶-4-基)吡咯啶-3-基)胺基甲酸第三丁酯(21g,產率97%)。
1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz):δ 7.73(d,J=5.6,1H),7.18(d,J=5.6,1H),6.33(d,J=4.4,1H),5.68(d,J=5.6,1H),4.02-4.05(m,1H),3.54(m,4H),2.72(d,J=4.8,3H),2.07-2.08(m,1H),1.78-1.84(m,1H),1.39(s,9H);
MS(ESI):m/z 294.1[M+1]+。
在室溫下,在4N HCl/二噁烷(50mL)中將(S)-(1-(2-(甲基胺基)嘧啶-4-基)吡咯啶-3-基)胺基甲酸第三丁酯(21g,71.5mmol)攪拌1小時。濃縮反應混合物,得到呈鹽酸鹽形式之(S)-4-(3-胺基吡咯啶-1-基)-N-甲基嘧啶-2-胺(18,產率超過100%)。
1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz):δ 7.74(d,J=5.6,1H),7.34(d,J=4.8,1H),5.68(d,J=5.2,1H),3.63-3.67(m,1H),3.34-3.57(m,4H),2.72(d,J=4.8,3H),2.07-2.09(m,1H),1.77-1.85(m,1H)。
向4-(氮雜環丁烷-1-基甲基)苯胺(162mg,1mmol)於DMF(4mL)中之溶液中添加TEA(303mg,3mmol)及CDI(194mg,1.3mmol)。在室溫下將反應物攪拌30分鐘,接著添加(S)-4-(3-胺基吡咯啶-1-基)-N-甲基嘧啶-2-胺(332mg,1.0mmol)。將混合物再攪拌2小時。在起始物質耗盡之後,藉由製備型HPLC在條件A下純化粗產物,得到(S)-1-(4-(氮雜環丁烷-1-基甲基)苯基)-3-(1-(2-(甲基胺基)嘧啶-4-基)吡咯啶-3-基)脲(99.2mg,25.9%)。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ 8.28(s,1 H),7.76(d,J=5.6Hz,1 H),7.29(d,J=8.4Hz,2 H),7.09(d,J=8.4Hz,2 H),6.49(d,J=6.8Hz,1 H),6.35(d,J=4.8Hz,1 H),5.74(d,J=6.0Hz,1 H),4.24(brs,
1 H),3.68-3.21(m,6 H),3.05(t,J=6.8Hz,4 H),2.81-2.65(m,3 H),2.12(m,1 H),1.97-1.82(m,3 H)。LCMS(ESI):m/z 382.2[M+H+]。
經30分鐘向氮雜環丁烷鹽酸鹽(1.4g,15mmol)及DIPEA(1.9g,15mmol)於CH3CN(30mL)中之溶液中逐滴添加N-(4-(溴甲基)-3-氟苯基)-2,2,2-三氟乙醯胺(1.5g,5mmol)。在室溫下,在N2氛圍下將反應混合物攪拌3小時。在起始物質耗盡之後,用DCM(80mL)稀釋反應混合物,且用水(3×80mL)洗滌有機層,接著濃縮,得到標題化合物,其不經進一步純化即使用(1.1g,產率:81%)。
向N-(4-(氮雜環丁烷-1-基甲基)-3-氟苯基)-2,2,2-三氟乙醯胺(1.1g,3.9mmol)於CH3OH(30ml)中之溶液中添加K2CO3(1.62g,11.7mmol)之水(10ml)溶液,且在75℃下在N2氛圍下將反應混合物攪拌3小時。在起始物質耗盡之後,用DCM(80mL)稀釋反應混合物,且用水(3×80mL)洗滌有機層,接著濃縮,得到標題化合物,其不經進一步純化即使用(645mg,產率:91%)。
向4-(氮雜環丁烷-1-基甲基)-3-氟苯胺(180mg,1mmol)於DMF(4mL)中之溶液中添加TEA(303mg,3mmol)及CDI(194mg,1.3mmol)。在室溫下將反應物攪拌30分鐘。添加(S)-4-(3-胺基吡咯啶-1-基)-N-甲基嘧啶-2-胺(332mg,1.0mmol),且將混合物再攪拌2小時。在起始物質耗盡之後,藉由製備型HPLC,使用條件A來純化粗產物,得到標題化合物(37.1mg,9.3%)。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ 8.54(s,1 H),7.81-7.65(m,1H),7.41-6.85(m,3 H),6.65-6.22(m,2 H),5.74(d,J=7.2Hz,1 H),4.26(brs,1 H),3.82-3.01(m,9 H),2.89-2.42(m,4 H),2.32-1.71(m,4 H)。LCMS(ESI):m/z 400.2[M+H+]。
向3-氯-4-甲基苯胺(14.2g,100mmol)溶解於DCM(250ml)中之溶液中添加吡啶(75ml,0.80mol)且在0℃下逐滴添加三氟乙酸酐(16.5ml,112.5mmol)。在室溫下將混合物攪拌1小時。用10% HCl水溶液,接著用水洗滌反應混合物。使有機相經Na2SO4乾燥並濃縮,得
到標題化合物,其不經進一步純化即使用(22g,92.8%)。
向N-(3-氯-4-甲基苯基)-2,2,2-三氟乙醯胺(22g,92.2mmol)於CCl4(740ml)中之溶液中添加BPO(6.7g,27.7mmol)及NBS(19.7g,110.6mmol)。使混合物升溫至100℃,且以高壓燈照明1小時。在100℃下將反應混合物攪拌36小時。在冷卻降至0℃之後,過濾反應混合物且用鹽水洗滌濾液,接著濃縮。用石油醚洗滌粗產物並且過濾,得到標題化合物,其不經進一步純化即使用(14g,48.3%)。
在0℃下經1小時向二甲胺鹽酸鹽(4.6g,56.4mmol)於MeCN(150ml)中之溶液中逐滴添加溶解於MeCN(150ml)中之N-(4-(溴甲基)-3-氯苯基)-2,2,2-三氟乙醯胺(3.0g,9.4mmol),且在0℃下攪拌30分鐘。隨後,添加100mL飽和NaHCO3,且使混合物分配在DCM與水之間。用水(15mL)洗滌有機層,經Na2SO4乾燥,濃縮且藉由製備型TLC加以純化(石油醚:EtOAc=2:1),得到標題化合物(2.2g,83%)。
在室溫下向N-(3-氯-4-((二甲基胺基)甲基)苯基)-2,2,2-三氟乙醯胺(2.2g,粗製)於MeOH(30mL)及H2O(30ml)中之溶液中添加K2CO3(3.25g,23.6mmol)。接著在80℃下將混合物攪拌1小時。濃縮反應混合物,得到標題化合物(1.3g,90.1%)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ 7.48(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),δ 6.91(d,
J=2.4Hz,1H),6.79-6.77(m,1H),δ 3.77(s,2H),δ 3.52(s,2H),δ 2.47(d,J=10.8Hz,7H),δ 2.28(s,3H)。
在25℃下向3-氯-4-((二甲基胺基)甲基)苯胺(200mg,1.08mmol)於無水DMF(5ml)中之溶液中添加CDI(224mg,1.4mmol)及DIPEA(413.2mg,3.26mmol)。在25℃下將混合物攪拌2小時。接著添加(S)-4-(3-胺基吡咯啶-1-基)-N-甲基嘧啶-2-胺(208mg,1.08mmol),且在25℃下將混合物攪拌16小時。藉由製備型HPLC(方法B)純化混合物,得到標題化合物(22.0mg,5.0%)。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d 6)δ 8.42(s,1H),δ 7.74(d,j=6.0Hz,1H),7.62(d,j=2.0Hz,1H),7.24(d,j=8.4Hz,1H),7.13-7.11(m,1H),6.55(d,j=6.8Hz,1H),6.33(d,j=4.4Hz,1H),5.71(d,j=5.6Hz,1H),4.23(s,1H),3.55(d,j=2.8Hz,2H),3.34(s,3H),2.71(d,j=4.8Hz,3H),2.12(s,8H),1.87(d,j=9.6Hz,1H)。
LCMS(ESI):m/z 404.0[M+H+]。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ 8.09(brs,1 H),7.67(d,J=6.0Hz,1 H),7.49(s,1 H),7.31-7.17(m,2 H),6.67(brs,1 H),5.57(d,J=6.0Hz,1 H),4.78(brs,1 H),4.50(brs,1 H),3.62(s,1 H),3.62-2.85(m,9
H),2.35-2.11(m,4 H),1.27(s,2 H)。LCMS(ESI):m/z 416.2[M+H+]。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d 6)δ 8.48(s,1H),δ 7.74(d,j=5.6Hz,1H),7.62(d,j=2.4Hz,1H),7.25(d,j=8.4Hz,1H),7.13-7.10(m,1H),6.58(d,j=6.8Hz,1H),5.71(d,j=6.0Hz,1H),4.23(s,1H),3.561(d,j=3.6Hz,1H),3.42(s,3H),2.71(d,j=4.8Hz,3H),2.50(d,j=2.0Hz,2H),2.35-2.28(m,8H),2.14(s,1H),2.11(s,3H),1.89-1.84(m,1H)。
LCMS(ESI):m/z 459.0[M+H+]。
在0℃下經1小時向N-(4-(溴甲基)-3-氯苯基)-2,2,2-三氟乙醯胺(2.0g,6.35mmol)於MeCN(150ml)中之溶液中逐滴添加溶解於MeCN(150ml)中之1-乙基哌嗪(4.3g,38.1mmol)。在0℃下將混合物攪拌30分鐘。在添加100mL飽和NaHCO3之後,使混合物分配在DCM與水之間。用水(15ml)洗滌有機層,經Na2SO4乾燥,濃縮且藉由製備型TLC
加以純化(PE:EA=2:1),得到標題化合物,其不經進一步純化即用於下一步驟(1.8g,81.8%)。
以類似於3-氯-4-((二甲基胺基)甲基)苯胺之方式,以1-乙基哌嗪替代二甲胺鹽酸鹽來製備3-氯-4-((4-乙基哌嗪-1-基)甲基)苯胺。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ 7.01(d,J=7.6Hz,1H),6.55(d,J=1.2Hz,1H),6.45(m,1H),5.23(s,2H),2.23-2.33(m,10 H),0.93(m,3H)。
在65℃下向3-氯-4-((4-乙基哌嗪-1-基)甲基)苯胺(300mg,1.18mmol)於無水THF(12ml)中之溶液中逐滴添加氯甲酸苯酯(185mg,1.18mmol)。在65℃下將混合物攪拌30分鐘。在冷卻至25℃之後,過濾混合物,得到標題化合物,其不經進一步純化即使用(290mg,66%)。
在室溫下向(3-氯-4-((4-乙基哌嗪-1-基)甲基)苯基)胺基甲酸苯酯(290mg)於無水DMF(3ml)中之溶液中添加DIPEA(102.7mg,0.79mmol)。在室溫下將混合物攪拌0.5小時。添加(S)-4-(3-胺基吡咯啶-1-基)-N-甲基嘧啶-2-胺(150mg,0.40mmol),且在室溫下將混合物攪拌16小時。藉由製備型HPLC(方法C)純化混合物,得到標題化合物
(18.0mg,3.2%)。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d 6)δ 8.45(s,1H),7.74(d,J=6.0Hz,1H),7.62(d,J=2.0Hz,1H),7.25(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),7.12-7.10(m,1H),6.55(d,J=6.8Hz,1H),6.33-6.30(m,1H),5.71(d,J=6.4Hz,1H),3.57-3.54(m,2H),3.41(s,3H),3.37-3.32(m,2H),3.27(s,1H),2.71(d,J=4.8Hz,3H),2.52(d,1H),2.42-2.23(m,10H),2.13-2.10(m,1H),1.87(d,J=7.2Hz,1H),0.94(t,J=7.2Hz,3H)。
LCMS(ESI):m/z 473.0[M+H+]。
根據用於製造(S)-1-(3-氯-4-((4-乙基哌嗪-1-基)甲基)苯基)-3-(1-(2-(甲基胺基)嘧啶-4-基)吡咯啶-3-基)脲之一般程序(實例19)來製備此化合物。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d 6)δ 7.65-7.62(m,2 H),7.36(d,J=8.4Hz,1 H),7.22(dd,J=2.4,8.4Hz,1 H),6.17(s,1 H),4.46-4.40(m,1 H),3.95-3.82(m,2 H),3.71-3.68(m,8 H),3.48-3.47(m,1 H),2.96(s,3 H),2.61-2.59(m,4 H),2.38-2.32(m,1 H),2.12-2.04(m,1 H)。
LCMS(ESI):m/z 446.0[M+H+]。
根據用於製造(S)-1-(4-(氮雜環丁烷-1-基甲基)苯基)-3-(1-(2-(甲基胺基)嘧啶-4-基)吡咯啶-3-基)脲之一般程序(實例14)來製備此化合物。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ 8.22(br s,1 H),7.72-7.51(m,4 H),7.59-7.45(m,2 H),6.83(br s,1 H),5.61-5.57(m,1 H),4.99(brs,1 H),4.53(brs,1 H),3.82-3.25(m,6 H),2.93(d,J=4.4Hz,3 H),2.36-2.05(m,8 H)。LCMS(ESI):m/z 438.2[M+H+]。
根據用於製造(S)-1-(4-(氮雜環丁烷-1-基甲基)苯基)-3-(1-(2-(甲基胺基)嘧啶-4-基)吡咯啶-3-基)脲之一般程序(實例14)來製備此化合物。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ 8.22(brs,1 H),7.73-7.61(m,2 H),7.59-7.45(m,2 H),6.82(brs,1 H),5.62-5.51(m,1 H),4.84(brs,1 H),4.51(brs,1 H),3.71(s,2 H),3.72-3.05(m,8 H),2.93(d,J=4.8Hz,3 H),2.32-2.05(m,4 H)。LCMS(ESI):m/z 450.2[M+H+]。
根據用於製造(S)-1-(4-(氮雜環丁烷-1-基甲基)苯基)-3-(1-(2-(甲基胺基)嘧啶-4-基)吡咯啶-3-基)脲之一般程序(實例14)來製備此化合物。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ 8.12(brs,1 H),7.72-7.52(m,4 H),7.59-7.45(m,2 H),6.89(brs,1 H),5.64-5.62(m,1 H),5.39(brs,1 H),4.59(brs,1 H),3.76(s,3 H),3.72-3.41(m,3 H),2.92(d,J=4.0Hz,3 H),2.58(s,4 H),2.36-1.85(m,6 H)。LCMS(ESI):m/z 464.2[M+H+]。
根據用於製造(S)-1-(3-氯-4-((4-乙基哌嗪-1-基)甲基)苯基)-3-(1-(2-(甲基胺基)嘧啶-4-基)吡咯啶-3-基)脲之一般程序(實例19)來製備此化合物。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d 6)δ 8.83(s,1 H),8.16(s,2 H),7.90(d,J=2.0Hz,1 H),7.74(d,J=6.0Hz,1 H),7.52(d,J=8.4Hz,1 H),7.46-7.44(m,1 H),6.79(d,J=7.2Hz,1 H),6.48(brs,1 H),5.73(d,J=6.0Hz,1 H),4.24(s,2 H),3.58-3.55(m,2 H),3.43(s,3 H),2.71(d,J=4.8Hz,3 H),2.48-2.37(m,8 H),2.20(s,3 H),2.15-2.13(m,1 H),
1.89-1.86(m,1 H)。
LCMS(ESI):m/z 493.1[M+H+]。
根據用於製造(S)-1-(4-(氮雜環丁烷-1-基甲基)苯基)-3-(1-(2-(甲基胺基)嘧啶-4-基)吡咯啶-3-基)脲之一般程序(實例14)來製備此化合物。
1H NMR(400MHz,Methanol-d 4 ))δ 7.81(s,1 H),7.74(d,J=6.0Hz,1 H),7.65(d,J=8.8Hz,1 H),7.53(d,J=8.0Hz,1 H),5.84(d,J=6.4Hz,1 H),4.62-4.51(m,2 H),4.49-4.32(m,1 H),3.61-3.37(m,5 H),2.88(s,3 H),2.65-1.95(m,11 H),1.12(t,J=7.2Hz,3 H)。LCMS(ESI):m/z 507.2[M+H+]。
根據用於製造(S)-1-(3-氯-4-((4-乙基哌嗪-1-基)甲基)苯基)-3-(1-(2-(甲基胺基)嘧啶-4-基)吡咯啶-3-基)脲之一般程序(實例19)來製備此化合物。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d 6)δ 8.80(s,1 H),7.93(s,1 H),7.77(d,J=6.0Hz,1 H),7.58(d,J=8.4Hz,1 H),7.49-7.47(m,1 H),6.76(d,J=6.4Hz,1 H),5.81(d,J=6.0Hz,1 H),4.27(s,2 H),3.65-3.62(m,1 H),3.58-3.56(m,5 H),3.51(s,3 H),2.75(d,J=8.8Hz,3 H),2.35(d,J=4.4Hz,4 H),2.18-2.17(m,1 H),1.92-1.91(m,1 H)。
LCMS(ESI):m/z 480.2[M+H+]。
根據用於製造(S)-1-(4-(氮雜環丁烷-1-基甲基)苯基)-3-(1-(2-(甲基胺基)嘧啶-4-基)吡咯啶-3-基)脲之一般程序(實例14)來製備此化合物。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ 8.22(brs,1 H),7.73-7.61(m,2 H),7.59-7.45(m,2 H),6.82(brs,1 H),5.62-5.51(m,1 H),4.84(brs,1 H),4.51(brs,1 H),3.71(s,2 H),3.72-3.05(m,8 H),2.93(d,J=4.8Hz,3 H),2.32-2.05(m,4 H)。LCMS(ESI):m/z 450.2[M+H+]。
在競爭性ATP位點結合分析中評估CDK8抑制1。將全長重組人類His標記之CDK8與細胞週期素C之二聚物與銪標記之抗His(Life Technologies,Madison,WI)預混合,且添加至含有稀釋至一定濃度範圍之測試化合物及比較化合物之分析板中。添加Tracer 236,即Alexa 647標記之專屬激酶抑制劑(Life Technologies),且再培育60分
鐘。藉由時差式螢光共振能量轉移(TR-FRET)來偵測示蹤劑與CDK8之結合。以340nm之光激發銪,使得能量轉移至Alexa 647,隨後在藉由結合相互作用使兩個螢光團密切鄰近時發射665nm之螢光。在ViewLux多模式板讀數器(PerkinElmer,Waltham,MA)上讀取螢光強度(在340nm激發且在615及665nm發射)。藉由將665nm下之螢光強度除以615nm下之螢光強度來計算TR-FRET信號。
在1536孔黑色微板上以4微升/孔之體積進行分析。CDK8/細胞週期素C二聚物、抗His及Tracer 236之最終濃度分別為5、4及10nM。分析緩衝液為50mM HEPES pH 7.5、10mM MgCl2、0.01% Brij35、1mM EGTA、0.1%牛γ球蛋白及2mM二硫蘇糖醇。
在具有DMSO作為樣品之對照孔中獲得最大示蹤劑結合及因此產生之最大TR-FRET信號。由化合物所致之示蹤劑位移引起信號減小。在CDK8/細胞週期素C二聚物不足之對照孔中獲得極小信號。計算在化合物存在下對示蹤劑結合之抑制百分比且繪製隨化合物濃度變化之曲線圖。將所得數據與四參數希爾曲線(Hill curves)擬合,且使用Genedata Screener軟體(Genedata,Basel,Switzerland)測定效能(IC50值)。
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儘管已描述許多實施例,但可改變此等實例以提供利用本文中所描述之化合物及方法的其他實施例。因此,本發明之範疇將由所附申請專利範圍而不是由以實例為代表之特定實施例來定義。
Claims (16)
- 一種式(I)化合物,
- 如請求項1之化合物或其鹽,其中R1係選自:
- 如請求項1或2之化合物,其中R2及R3獨立地為鹵基、三氟甲基、C1-6烷基或C1-6烷氧基,其中該烷基及烷氧基獨立地視情況經-N(Rv)2或雜環基取代;其中該雜環基視情況經側氧基、鹵基或視情況經鹵基或側氧基取代之C1-6烷基取代。
- 如請求項1或2之化合物,其中R2為氫、氯基、甲基、(4-甲基哌嗪-1-基)甲基、三氟甲氧基、二氟甲氧基、4-氮雜環丁烷-1-基甲基、嗎啉-4-基甲基、二甲基胺基甲基、吡咯啶-1-基甲基或4-乙基哌嗪-1-基甲基。
- 如請求項1或2之化合物,其中R3為氫、三氟甲基、氟基或氯基。
- 如請求項1或2之化合物,其中Ra及Rb獨立地為氫或C1-6烷基。
- 如請求項1或2之化合物,其中Ra為氫。
- 如請求項1或2之化合物,其中Rb為甲基。
- 如請求項1或2之化合物,其係選自由以下組成之群:1-[(3S)-1-([1,2,4]三唑并[4,3-b]噠嗪-6-基)吡咯啶-3-基]-3-[3-(三氟甲基)苯基]脲;1-[4-氯-3-(三氟甲基)苯基]-3-[(3S)-1-([1,2,4]三唑并[4,3-b]噠嗪-6-基)吡咯啶-3-基]脲;1-(3-氯苯基)-3-[(3S)-1-([1,2,4]三唑并[4,3-b]噠嗪-6-基)吡咯啶-3-基]脲;1-[(3R)-1-([1,2,4]三唑并[4,3-b]噠嗪-6-基)吡咯啶-3-基]-3-[3-(三氟甲基)苯基]脲;1-[4-氯-3-(三氟甲基)苯基]-3-[(3R)-1-([1,2,4]三唑并[4,3-b]噠嗪-6-基)吡咯啶-3-基]脲;1-(3-氯苯基)-3-[(3R)-1-([1,2,4]三唑并[4,3-b]噠嗪-6-基)吡咯啶-3-基]脲;(S)-1-(1-([1,2,4]三唑并[4,3-b]噠嗪-6-基)吡咯啶-3-基)-3-(4-((4-乙基哌嗪-1-基)甲基)-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)脲;1-[(3S)-1-(2-胺基嘧啶-4-基)吡咯啶-3-基]-3-(3-氯-4-甲基-苯基)脲;1-[(S)-1-(2-胺基-嘧啶-4-基)-吡咯啶-3-基]-3-(4-氯-3-三氟甲基-苯基)-脲;1-[4-氯-3-(三氟甲基)苯基]-3-[(3S)-1-[2-(甲基胺基)嘧啶-4-基]吡咯啶-3-基]脲;1-(3-氯-4-甲基-苯基)-3-[(3S)-1-[2-(甲基胺基)嘧啶-4-基]吡咯 啶-3-基]脲;1-[(3S)-1-[2-(甲基胺基)嘧啶-4-基]吡咯啶-3-基]-3-[4-(三氟甲氧基)苯基]脲;1-[4-(二氟甲氧基)苯基]-3-[(3S)-1-[2-(甲基胺基)嘧啶-4-基]吡咯啶-3-基]脲;(S)-1-(4-(氮雜環丁烷-1-基甲基)苯基)-3-(1-(2-(甲基胺基)嘧啶-4-基)吡咯啶-3-基)脲;(S)-1-(4-(氮雜環丁烷-1-基甲基)-3-氟苯基)-3-(1-(2-(甲基胺基)嘧啶-4-基)吡咯啶-3-基)脲;(S)-1-(3-氯-4-((二甲基胺基)甲基)苯基)-3-(1-(2-(甲基胺基)嘧啶-4-基)吡咯啶-3-基)脲;(S)-1-(4-(氮雜環丁烷-1-基甲基)-3-氯苯基)-3-(1-(2-(甲基胺基)嘧啶-4-基)吡咯啶-3-基)脲;(S)-1-(3-氯-4-((4-甲基哌嗪-1-基)甲基)苯基)-3-(1-(2-(甲基胺基)嘧啶-4-基)吡咯啶-3-基)脲;(S)-1-(3-氯-4-((4-乙基哌嗪-1-基)甲基)苯基)-3-(1-(2-(甲基胺基)嘧啶-4-基)吡咯啶-3-基)脲;(S)-1-(3-氯-4-(N-嗎啉基甲基)苯基)-3-(1-(2-(甲基胺基)嘧啶-4-基)吡咯啶-3-基)脲;(S)-1-(4-((二甲基胺基)甲基)-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)-3-(1-(2-(甲基胺基)嘧啶-4-基)吡咯啶-3-基)脲;(S)-1-(4-(氮雜環丁烷-1-基甲基)-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)-3-(1-(2-(甲基胺基)嘧啶-4-基)吡咯啶-3-基)脲;(S)-1-(1-(2-(甲基胺基)嘧啶-4-基)吡咯啶-3-基)-3-(4-(吡咯啶-1-基甲基)-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)脲;(S)-1-(1-(2-(甲基胺基)嘧啶-4-基)吡咯啶-3-基)-3-(4-((4-甲基哌 嗪-1-基)甲基)-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)脲;(S)-1-(4-((4-乙基哌嗪-1-基)甲基)-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)-3-(1-(2-(甲基胺基)嘧啶-4-基)吡咯啶-3-基)脲;(S)-1-(1-(2-(甲基胺基)嘧啶-4-基)吡咯啶-3-基)-3-(4-(N-嗎啉基(morpholino)甲基)-3-(三氟甲基)苯基)脲;1-(4-氮雜環丁烷-1-基甲基-3-三氟甲基-苯基)-3-[(S)-1-(2-甲基胺基-嘧啶-4-基)-吡咯啶-3-基]-脲;(S)-1-(1-([1,2,4]三唑并[4,3-b]噠嗪-6-基)吡咯啶-3-基)-3-(3-氯-4-甲基苯基)脲;及其醫藥學上可接受之鹽。
- 如請求項1或2之化合物,其係選自:
- 一種醫藥組合物,其包含如請求項1至10中任一項之化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽及醫藥學上可接受之佐劑、載劑或媒劑。
- 一種如請求項1至10中任一項之化合物之用途,其為用於治療之 藥物。
- 一種如請求項1至10中任一項之化合物之用途,其係用於製造用於治療過度增殖性病症之藥物。
- 一種如請求項1至10中任一項之化合物之用途,其係用於製造用於治療與CDK8活性相關疾病的藥物。
- 如請求項1或2之化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽,其係用作治療活性物質。
- 如請求項1或2之化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽,其係用作用於治療過度增殖性病症之治療活性物質。
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2014
- 2014-10-02 TW TW103134458A patent/TW201605857A/zh unknown
- 2014-10-02 WO PCT/EP2014/071111 patent/WO2015049325A1/en active Application Filing
- 2014-10-02 AR ARP140103670A patent/AR097894A1/es unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2015049325A1 (en) | 2015-04-09 |
AR097894A1 (es) | 2016-04-20 |
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