TW201026852A - Process for production of vaccines - Google Patents
Process for production of vaccines Download PDFInfo
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- TW201026852A TW201026852A TW098141177A TW98141177A TW201026852A TW 201026852 A TW201026852 A TW 201026852A TW 098141177 A TW098141177 A TW 098141177A TW 98141177 A TW98141177 A TW 98141177A TW 201026852 A TW201026852 A TW 201026852A
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- clostridium
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Classifications
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- C07K14/33—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from bacteria from Clostridium (G)
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201026852 . • * 六、發明說明: 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於一種製造疫苗的方法,及由此製造之疫 苗。 【先前技術】 · 艱難後菌(Clostridium difficile)係一種會形成孢子的车 蘭氏陰性菌’其引起60%之與抗生素相關的腹瀉病例,及 幾乎100°/。病患罹患偽膜性結腸炎。引起該疾病爆發的機 ® 制尚未充分瞭解。其可能同時與宿主及菌株因素相關,因 為並非所有感染難難梭菌(C.山;的病患均發展為疾 病。感染病患之臨床症狀範圍可從無症狀至危及生命的毒 性巨結腸。 銀難梭菌(C.山如同多種引起包括人類之動物疾 病的其他病原體,會產生毒素。毒素係由活細胞或生物體 產生的毒性物質,其在非常低的濃度下即具活性。毒素可 φ 係小分子類、肽類、或蛋白質,當接觸或與生物性大分 子’如.酶或細胞受體交互作用而被人體組織吸收時,可 以引起疾病。難難梭菌(C·山万產生兩種毒素,毒素 - A(TcdA)與毒素B(TcdB),其引起與抗生素相關的腹瀉或偽 , 膜性結腸炎。它們係非常大的(308 kDa與269 kDa)細菌蛋 白質連同索式梭菌(C. 之TcsH與TcsL及諾維式 梭菌(C. «01^〇之Tcna*同屬於所謂的大梭菌細胞毒素家族 (LCT s)之一部分。所有該等毒素均顯示高度序列同質性、 類似之域結構且含有醣基轉移酶部分。1^入與TcdB係特 144095.doc 201026852 徵為三重功能組織的單鏈蛋白質。其等之c末端結構域需 要與目標細胞的漿膜結合,疏水性中間部分為推斷的轉位 域,且該等蛋白質之N末端催化結構域承載該醣基轉移酶 位置。尚未充分瞭解吸收進入該目標細胞的胞液之過程。 然而,通常認為該等毒素在與細胞表面受體結合後被吞 噬。在内涵體酸化後,只有該毒素之N末端結構域轉位進 入該胞液中。推斷該轉位過程係藉由形成微孔所媒介,因 為TcdA可在低pH之人工膜上形成微孔。該毒素之活化需 要在胺基酸Leu543與Gly544之間進行蛋白質水解而斷裂, 其釋放含有該N末端催化結構域之63 kDa小片段至該胞液 中。TcdB之較大的207 kDa C末端部分仍留在膜部分中。N 末端63 kDa片段展現完整細胞毒性活性。一旦釋放,該N 末端醣基轉移酶結構域即可在該胞液中自由移動,以滅活 其目標蛋白質:Rho/Rac家族之GTP酶。該等蛋白質參與 多種細胞功能,例如,肌動蛋白質細胞骨架之組織架構、 轉錄控制、細胞極性及增生。由於Rho GTP酶在免疫系統 的多種功能中有重要作用,包括病原體防禦反應、細胞素 表現及免疫細胞的信號傳導,所以它們構成細菌毒素的最 佳目標。 最近已顯示齦難梭菌(C. c?汾Vci/e)毒素之活化係藉由自 身催化裂解發生(Reineke 等人,Nature 2007,446:415-419)。此外,已闡明六碟酸肌醇(Ins6P、IP6,CAS number [83-86-3]))的作用係毒素B之自身催化裂解之有效活化劑 及輔助因子(Reineke等人,如上述文獻)。此高度帶電的分 144095.doc 201026852 子似乎履行多種功能及可能參與該毒素之構形的穩定化。 現已知毒素透過自身催化裂解而活化之作用亦發生在其他 生物體的類似毒素,包括銀難梭菌
之 LCT’s毒素 A (TcdA)及 B (TcdB)、索式梭菌(C/osirz·山 jori/e//")之致命(TcsL)及出血毒素(TcsH)、及諾維式梭菌 «ον>»ζ’)之 α-毒素(Tcna)、以下各者之 RTX 毒 素:霍亂弧菌(FAWo (VcRTX)、致傷弧菌(K vw/Mzyicwj^VvRtx)、燦爛旅菌(K sp/ewi/z’i/wsXVsRtx)、嗜 線蟲致病桿菌we/waiop/nVaKXnRtx)、伯式致 病桿菌(X. ^oWem7)(XbRtx)、假結核耶爾森式菌 pseudotuberculosis){Y^>Ktii)、莫氏耶爾森式菌(K mo//areiiz)(YmMfp2)及百曰咳博德特式菌(βοΓί/eiei/a pertussis) (FhaLl-4) (Sheahan KL 等人,EMBO J 2007, 26(10):2552-2561.)、利斯頓氏菌(Listo.nella anguillarum)、 光桿菌(Photorhabdus luminescens)、親水產氣單胞菌 (Aeromonas hydrophila)及腸結腸耶爾森式菌(Yersinia enterocolitica) (Lupardus PJ等人,SCIENCE 2008(5899):265-268)。下文中所有該等毒素可歸類為「AB毒素」。 國際專利申請案W02008014733揭示一種治療梭菌 (C/osirz·山_ww)感染之方法,其中對病患投與該自身催化活 性之抑制劑或活化劑(IP6)。 多種公開案揭示難難梭菌(C. d汾Vci/e)疫苗。其中藉由 化學藥劑福爾馬林滅活TcdA及TcdB之疫苗揭示於 Sougioultzis S. L.等人,Gastroenterology (2005), 128:764- 144095.doc 201026852 770、Kotloff,Infect. Immun. 2001、W09920304、及 Ghose 等人,Infect. Immun. (2007), 75(6),2826-2832 中 ° 包括重 組表現的代表TcdA或TcdB之C末端配位體結構域之多肽之 疫苗揭示於 WO9859053、W00061761、W00061762、 WO9702836、Pavliakova 等人之 Infect Immun (2000), 68(4),2161-2166、Ward 等人之 Infect Immun (1999), 67(10),5124-5132、及 Lyerly 等人之 Current Microbiol 21: 29-32)中。WO2007146139揭示一種編碼TcdA及 TcdB 之受 體結合性結構域之密碼子最適化的DNA分子及其用作DNA 〇 疫苗。W02004041857揭示TcdB之無毒突變株及其作為疫 苗之用途。Genth, H.等人,Infect. Immun· (2000), 68: 1094-1101揭示一種用於產生酶解缺陷之艱難梭菌 (Clostridium difficile)莓素B作為兔疫机原之方法》 疫苗之典型製法為製造一種包括此等病原體之抗原組分 之製劑,及將其與醫藥上可接受的載體混合。為獲得有效 的免疫反應及基於經濟原因,需要採用僅需少數幾個處理 或分餾步驟即可自細菌培養物獲得之製劑。在產生毒素的 ® 生物體情況下,其問題在於包含於此等製劑中之毒素除非 已滅活,否則應避免投藥。因此,先前技術方法已建議藉 由該等毒素的化學滅活法、該等毒素之無毒性結構域之重 組表現法(結合C末端受體或「B」結構域)、或製備該等毒 素之無毒性突變體,以製造對抗產生AB毒素之細菌病原 體,如銀難梭菌(C. 之疫苗。然而,所有該等措 施導致該病原體之抗原決定基損失,可能影響該疫苗之有 144095.doc -6 - 201026852 - 效性,及/或耗費成本。 【發明内容】 本發明係關於一種製造對抗產生AB毒素之細菌病原體 > 之疫苗的方法,其包括 , (a)在可產生6亥AB毒素的條件下培養該病原體,並收穫 該培養物; (b)於活體外使該AB毒素經酶裂解;及 φ (C)將步驟(b)之組合物與醫藥上可接受的載體組合。 在較佳態樣中,使用磷酸肌醇,較佳六磷酸肌醇,作為 該酶裂解之輔助因子。 在其他較佳態樣中,本發明係關於一種如所述之方法, 其中該等細胞係在收穫後,自該培養基分離,且裂解該培 養基中之AB毒素。 本發明方法可用於製備對抗以下病原體之疫苗:梭菌屬 (C7〇1^W㈣)’較佳為艱難梭菌(c j妨.^.⑷、索式梭菌^ φ 、肉毒桿菌(C· 、產氣莢膜梭菌(c 似)、破傷風梭菌(c如、或諾維式梭菌(c «ονγ) ’或弧菌屬(mr/〇),較佳為霍亂弧菌(κ chohrae)、發]溶叙 I 菌(y. parahwmoiyHcus)、致傷氣菌 (K 、或燦爛弧菌(p; 、或經孤菌(γ ㈣^n7/arMm),或致病桿菌屬(心⑽mm山/匀,較佳為邊線 蟲致病桿菌(尤、伯式致病桿菌(尤 ,或耶爾森式菌屬,較佳為假結核耶爾 森式菌(K 办〜hrcM/ay/i)、鼠疫桿菌(K 、小腸 144095.doc 201026852 結腸炎耶爾森式菌(F· ertieroco/沿cat)、或莫氏耶爾森式菌 (Y· moHaretti),或博德特氏菌屬(BonJeteUa),較佳為互日 咳博德特式菌(凡、副百曰咳博德特式菌(凡 、或支氣管炎博德特式菌(5. 沖·α), 或放線桿菌屬(m’wohcz·//!^) ’較佳為胸膜肺炎放線桿菌 (乂尸、或豬放線桿菌(i ⑷及大腸桿菌 {Ε. coli)。 可添加辅劑至該疫苗組合物。 在其他態樣中,本發明係關於一種用所述方法製造之疫 苗。 本發明之另一態樣係關於根據所揭示方法製造之疫苗之 用途,其係用於包括人類之動物之接種,以對抗產生AB 毋素之細菌病原體的感染。 對包括人類之動物接種對抗產生AB毒素之細菌病原體 之感染的疫田之方法’纟包括對包括人類之動物投與有效 量之根據本發明方法製造的疫苗。 【實施方式】 本發明係關於一種製造對抗產生ab型毒素(ab毒素)之 、、田菌病原體之疫苗的改良方法。本發明提供-種藉由活體 外利用此等毒专固古^ '、有的蛋白質水解活性之自身催化酶過程 滅B毋素之巧妙的方法。為此,調整含有該等毒素之 組合物成適合發生此酶裂解之條件。特定言之,加入必要 的輔助因子, .a .. 磷酸肌醇’可誘發該AB毒素之蛋白質水 解滅活。藉由兮忠^ 併 《蛋白f水解作用裂解,該毒性A結構域與 144095.doc 201026852 - 轉運子結構域B分離,且失去其進入需發揮其毒性作用之 細胞的胞液中之能力。實際上,所得組合物施加至生物體 時不再有毒性,或遠遠低於該單鏈AB毒素的毒性。另一 , 方面,此類滅活法保留該等蛋白質天然構形及對該疫苗效 v 力具有重要性之抗原決定基。 在本發明說明書中,術語「AB毒素」係用作如LCT之包 括催化結構域(A結構域)及受體結合/轉位域(B結構域或轉 運子結構域)之單鏈細菌毒素,且其中在活體内藉由自身 蠢 催化裂解作用,釋放該催化結構域至胞液中,而活化該催 化結構域。AB毒素係例如,難難梭菌(C/oiir/d/ww 之LCT,其包括毒素A(TcdA)及毒素B(TcdB)、索 式梭菌(C/osirWiMm βο/ΆΖ/ίί·)之致命(TcsL)及出血毒素 (TcsH)、及話維式梭菌之 α-毒素 (Tcna)。此外,AB毒素包括以下各者之RTX毒素:霍亂弧 菌(Κζ·6η·ο c/io/erae)(VcRTX)、致傷弧菌(K vw/my?cMj)(VvRtx)、 在 燦爛弧菌(K ip/ewiZ/iiwsXVsRtx)、嗜線蟲致病桿菌 ❿
{Xenorhabdus «ewflio/?Az7fl)(XnRtx)、伯式致病桿菌(X Z?oWe«z7)(XbRtx)、 假結核耶爾森式菌(FemWa , pseudotuberculosis)(YpRtx)、莫氏耶爾森式菌(Z mollaretti)(YmMip2) '小腸結腸炎耶爾森式菌(Ζ enterocolitica){YST)、緩利斯頓式菌 a«gwz7/arww)(VaRtx)及百曰咳博德特式菌(5ori/eie//a 因此,本發明方法可用於製造對抗產生AB毒素之細菌 144095.doc 201026852 =體(如彼等如上所列細g)之感染的疫苗。疫苗係用於 提高包括人類之動物對特定疾病的免疫力之醫藥製劑。疫 苗可預防疾病(例如,預防或改善未來被任何天然或「野 生」、病原體感染的影響)、或治療,亦即應用於已被病原 體感染,有或沒有疾病臨床症狀之宿主。疫苗可含有殺死 的微生物、經改性的活(減毒)微生物、微生物之抗原亞單 位製劑(例如’片段或重組表現的多肽)、或較適用於本發 明中之類毒素,亦即用在其係主要的引起疾病的情況下之 滅活的毒性化合物。該疫苗可含有輔劑、及可刺激免疫系 統且加強對疫苗反應而其本身不具任何特異性抗原作用之 作用劑。普遍使用的輔劑實例為明礬(水合硫酸鋁鉀广磷 酸鋁、氫氧化鋁、角鯊烯、或油基輔劑。 該方法之第-步係在產生該AB毒素的條件下培養病原 體。細菌細胞培養在相關技術中係眾 同物種而言之標準方法且可自公開之收集處獲得該 之適宜樣品。根據其特定需求培養㈣微生物。梭狀芽抱 桿菌(ci〇stridia)係在厭氧環境下培養,而耶爾森式菌 (Yersinia)、致病桿菌(Xen〇rhabdus)、博德特式菌
CeteUa)及弧菌(Vibrio)可在有氧下培養。耶爾森式菌 (Yersinia)耐低溫,通常在抓下培養該等生物。每種生物 體需要其用於生長之特定培養基組合物,其容易自相關技 術中得知。 該AB毒素通常在該培養之穩定後期釋放至該培養基。 收穫後’㈣宜自該培養基分離該等細胞,因為該等Μ 144095.doc •30- 201026852 • 毋素以充足的濃度存在於該培養基.中。這可藉由離心完 成。當離心分離該等細胞後,其被丟棄且進一步處理上清 液。隨後利用其自身催化特性優勢之酶裂解滅活培養基中 之毒素。為達成裂解’必須適當調整該等條件,以允許酶 發揮活性·。最重要的是,必須加入一種促進該酶活性的輔 助因子。可使用磷酸肌醇(特定言之’六磷酸肌醇)作為輔 助因子’在1 μηι〇1/1至1〇 mm〇i/i之濃度範圍内,更佳為1〇 0 至100 μπι〇1/1 ’但是其他類似物或衍生物,諸如13 4_或 3,4,6-三磷酸鹽、ι,2,3,4-、1,3,4,5-、3,4,5,6、或 1,4,5,6-四 麟酸鹽、或 1,2,3,4,5-、1,2,3,5,6-、1,3,4,5,6-、2,3,4,5,6-五 磷酸鹽亦有良好效用’但可能需要更高的濃度^ pH應在 6.5至8.5之範圍内,且該培養基2pH通常已在該範圍内。 否則’可藉由(例如)透析或超濾法加入或交換緩衝液,例 如pH為8.5之Tris HC1。適宜的溫度範圍為2〇至4〇。〇。通常 將在1至24小時内完成裂解,且應採用彼等如實例中揭示 ❿ 之§式驗測試,以避免殘留毒性。 隨後將所得製劑製成其最終調配物,並用作認為恰當的 疫苗。例如,其可直接使用,以水性環境作為醫藥上可接 受的載體。亦可改變該環境,例如稀釋、透析、超濾或進 步純化步驟,如親和層析。若適當,可加入輔劑。可考 慮的輔劑係(例如):油包水性、水包油性、多相或非礦物 油性乳液、基於鋁之輔劑、聚合物輔劑如Carb〇p〇l⑧、角 鯊烯、脂質體、微粒、免疫刺激複合物及類鐸(T〇11_like) 受體争聯活化輔劑。將藉由經皮下、皮内、肌肉、靜脈或 144095.doc -11 · 201026852 腹腔注射投與該疫苗。注射的頻率及劑量取決於目標物 種。易感受之物種係人類、狗、貓、兔、豬、牛'魚、鼠 及馬。該疫苗接種法係預防性治療,且可藉由母體接種來 保護後代。接種疫苗的時間始於母體抗體消失後,及可能 在4星期後及以後時間點追加接種疫苗。 實例 實例1 :製造銀難梭菌疫苗 可自公開收集處獲得難難梭菌(C/oWrz·山'wm心#化山)樣 品,例如美國標準菌種中心(ATCC),Manassas,VA, USA,寄存編號ATCC 9689、ATCC 43255。其生長於BHI 培養基(腦心浸液,德國海德堡Becton Dickinson ;見美國 醫藥協會(American Pharmaceutical Association),1950, 國家處方集(The national formulary),第 9 版,APA, Washington,D.C_)之發酵槽中,在37°C厭氧條件下發酵3 至4天。在穩定後期釋放兩種大型細胞毒素TcdA及TcdB。 在該時間點,收穫該培養物,在8000 X g下離心10分鐘, 使該細菌沉降。取該上清液直接使用,或可藉由凝膠滲透 層析(例如,在S300 Sephacryl上)、親和層析、陰離子交換 層析及/或超濾來富集毒素。隨後依終濃度1至50 mmol/卜添 加還原劑二硫蘇醣醇至該上清液或富集毒素的製劑,接著 依終濃度10至100 mmol/1添加螯合物形成劑乙二胺四乙 酸。隨後依終濃度1 μιηοΐ/ΐ與10 mmol/1之間,添加六填酸 肌醇(IP6),例如10 μιηοΐ/ΐ或100 μιηοΐ/l,且在37°C適宜的 緩衝液中(如pH 6.5至8.5的Tris-HCl),培養該組合物2至24 144095.doc 12 t t201026852 小時。可藉由十二烷基硫酸鈉聚丙烯酿胺凝膠電泳(SDs. PAGE)及蛋白質染色法檢測該裂解之完成性。 隨後將所得製劑製成其最終調配物,並用作認為恰當的 疫苗。例如,其可直接使用,以水性環境用作醫藥上可趣 受的載體。亦可改變該環境,例如稀釋、透析、超濾或埃 一步純化步驟,如親和層析。若適當,可加入辅劑。可考 慮的輔劑係(例如):油包水性、水包油性、多相或非礦物 油性乳液、基於銘之辅劑、聚合物輔劑如Carbopol®、角 鯊烯、脂質體、微粒、免疫刺激複合物及類鐸(Toll-like) 受體串聯活化輔劑。將藉由經皮下、皮内、肌肉、靜脈或 腹腔注射投與該疫苗。注射的頻率及劑量取決於目樣物 種。易感受物種係人類、狗、貓、兔、豬、牛、魚、鼠及 馬。該疫苗接種法係一種預防性治療且可藉由母體接種係 護後代。接種疫苗的時間始於母體抗體消失後,且可能需 要在4星期後及以後時間點追加接種疫苗。 實例2 :活性試驗 在含有5% FCS(小牛血清)的Ham’s F10培養基中接種CHO 細胞(中國倉鼠卵巢,例如DSM ACC110,德國Braunschweig 市之德國微生物與細胞培養物收集公司(Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH))至 96 或 24槽穴 微板(每槽穴100 μΐ),在37°c潮濕環境下培養過夜直至其 達到匯集。用不含二價離子,如鎂或鈣的Ringer's溶液沖 洗,隨後添加100 μ1(96槽穴板)或4〇〇 μ1(24槽穴板)不含Mg 及Ca的Ringer's溶液至該槽穴中。隨後用移液管分別吸取 144095.doc •13· 201026852 100或400 μΐ實例!之疫苗製劑及各稀釋液系列⑽丨至】ο 8) 至槽穴’每個樣本重覆兩:欠。用與疫苗製劑相同的方法處 理ΒΗΙ培養基作為陰性對照。用未處理的齦難梭菌上清液 作為陽性對照。在37艺潮濕環境下培養該培養板3至24小 時,隨後用顯微鏡檢查該等細胞。 用疫苗製劑處理的細胞應顯示無形態變化,與該等陰性 對照一致。用未處理的培養上清液處③的細胞將顯示細胞 病變結果’纟主要特徵為變成圓形及發展冑「類似星形細 胞J的形態。如果該等疫苗處理的細胞顯示類似於該陽性對 照的細胞病變結果,則是酶裂解未完全,必須重複處理。 實例3:動物之疫苗接種 可採用欽利亞金倉鼠作為難難梭菌(c心胸⑷感染的 標準化動物模型。在試驗中使用6〇至1〇〇 g重的動物。該 等動物藉由經腹腔内或皮下注射獲得不同濃度(1至1〇〇 p幻 的疫苗製劑。該疫苗不含輔劑’或含有完全弗式咖 Freund)輔劑(與疫苗製劑1:1)或Ribi(單膦醯脂A與二棒分枝 酸海藻糖(trehalose diCorynomyc〇iate)乳液)作為輔劑。用 與疫苗製劑相同方法處理的BHI培養基作為陰性對照。在 最後一次接種疫苗2星期後,該等動物由經腹腔内或口胃 獲得ίο至loo mg/kg克林達霉素(clindamycin)。24小時後, 利用胃管或球形末端插管,|別對每隻動物接種1〇4個有 活力之齦難梭菌(C· 病菌或1〇〇 c f u (菌落形成單 位)。透過腹瀉或死亡率的臨床監測決定該疫苗之保護效 144095.doc -14·
Claims (1)
- 201026852 * 七、申請專利範圍: 1· 一種製造對抗產生AB毒素的細菌病原體之疫苗的方法, 其包括: ' (a)在產生該AB毒素的條件下培養該病原體,並收穫該 培養物; * (b)於活體外使該AB毒素經酶裂解;及 0)將步驟(b)之組合物與醫藥上可接受的載體組合。 2_如請求項1之方法,其中使用磷酸肌醇(較佳六磷酸肌醇) ❹ 作為該酶裂解的輔助因子。 3. 如請求項1或2之方法,其中該等細胞係在收穫後,自該 培養基分離’且裂解該培養基中之AB毒素。 4. 如請求項1或2之方法,其中該病原體為梭菌 屬,較佳為艱難梭菌(C. 、索式梭菌(匸 、肉 f 才予函(c· 、產氣莢膜梭菌(c. 叫、破傷風梭菌(c⑻··)、或諾維式梭菌 籲 《仍叫,或為弧菌(极咖:)屬,較佳為霍亂弧菌(κ cholerae)、副溶叙孤菌parafjaem〇iyticus)、致傷孤菌 (K vM/myVcw)、或燦爛弧菌、或鰻弧菌(尸 • anguillarum、,氙為故病稈蛰QXenorhabdus)亀,教隹备 ,嗜線蟲致病桿菌(X. 、伯式致病桿菌(尤 △ oWewz·/),或為耶爾森式菌屬,較佳為假結核 耶爾森式鹵(Z 、鼠疫桿菌(/· /7^沿)、小腸結腸炎耶爾森式菌(Γ e„kr〇C£?/出、或莫 氏耶爾森式菌(Z wo//arem·),或為博德氏菌屬, 144095.doc 201026852 較佳為百曰咳博德特式菌(5· periMshs)、副百曰咳博德 特式菌(5. 、或支氣管炎博德特式菌(及 bronchiseptica),氙爲故象桿蛰餍(ActinobaciUus),较隹 為胸膜肺炎放線桿菌(J· 、或豬放線 桿菌(儿Mh)及大腸桿菌(£. co/〇。 5 _如請求項1或2之方法’其中將一種輔劑添加至婊組合物 中。 6. 一種利用如請求項1至5中任一項之方法所製造之疫苗。 7. 如請求項6之疫苗’其係用於接種包括人類之動物,以 抵抗產生AB毒素之病原體的感染。 144095.doc 4 201026852 四、指定代表圖: (一) 本案指定代表圖為:(無) (二) 本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明: 五、本案若有化學式時,請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式: (無) 144095.doc
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CA2737403A1 (en) | 2010-06-10 |
CL2011001284A1 (es) | 2011-09-16 |
JP2012510497A (ja) | 2012-05-10 |
AU2009324180A1 (en) | 2010-06-10 |
SG171934A1 (en) | 2011-07-28 |
CO6390040A2 (es) | 2012-02-29 |
US20110243991A1 (en) | 2011-10-06 |
UA105508C2 (uk) | 2014-05-26 |
RU2011126602A (ru) | 2013-01-10 |
KR20110100189A (ko) | 2011-09-09 |
CN102238960A (zh) | 2011-11-09 |
BRPI0922219A2 (pt) | 2018-10-23 |
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