SU585138A1 - Method of preparing claydite - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to the production of building materials and is intended for the manufacture of expanded clay gravel from clay raw materials.

A known method of making claydite by molding clay granules, drying, and treating their surface with technical ethyl silicate and monoethanoamine emulsion and roasting, l. Also known is the method of making claydite from clay by molding granules, drying and treating their surface with oil products, followed by roasting 2.

However, the known methods prevent the granules from sticking together into conglomerates only in the zone of expansion of the kiln, but do not eliminate the sticking together and the formation of conglomerates in the dryer drum, since their surface treatment is carried out after drying.

The closest technical solution to the invention is a method for producing expanded clay by molding raw clay granules, treating (dusting) their surface with materials that prevent the granules from sticking together, drying and calcining 3.

But this method does not provide quality claydite with a minimum bulk density at a high moisture content of clay raw material of 2535% (winter-spring, autumn-winter periods) due to the fact that powdered materials do not have water-repellent properties and are mixed with water in any ratio, granules in the dryer drum coalesces into conglomerates. Adhesion occurs due to an increase in the moisture content of the surface layer of the raw granules when they come into contact with the hot surface of the drying drum. At the same time, intensive formation of vapors is observed, which seeping through the layer of overlying granules, condense on the cold, re-entering moisture content of their powdered surface.

In addition, a circular ring of adherent granules is formed in the inner zone on the inner surface of the drying drum, as a result of which the operation of the dummy chambers is disturbed (clogged) with wet dust. The size of the conglomerates varies between 15-200 mm and depends on the moisture content of the granules. The conglomerate in the kiln is scattered in expanded clay sand with noBfcflueHHOfl bulk volume. The number of conglomerates, and, consequently,% and expanded clay sand increases in the winter-spring and autumn-winter periods when the moisture content of the clay material rises to 35%.

Such claydite sand and gravel has a significant amount of cracks and fractures, and the solutions on it have a greater water-cementing need and lower strength.

The purpose of the invention is to prevent sticking of raw granules with humidity up to 36% during their drying.

This is achieved in that the surface of the clayey granules is treated with neogrin.

Niogrin: - oily g is insoluble in water and not miscible with it, a liquid having a surface tension not higher than 26 dyn / cm. Its main quality indicators are as follows:

Freezing temperature, С

Viscosity is conditional, E (50 ° C) Flash point I

go

Density, f Content of mechanical impurities, wt.% Water content, wt.%

The method is as follows. At the moment of their separation from the perforated rollers, the molded clay granules are sprayed with an organic additive — niogrin in an amount of 0.1–0.2%; Niogrin evenly covers the granules. being absorbed in the micropores of its surface, it displaces water, imparting oil-type properties to the granules, preventing them from sticking to conglomerates. They are then dried in a drying drum and sent to a kiln for firing, where the organic additive, neogrin, absorbed on the surface of the granules, is rapidly ignited, causing the temperature of the gases in the drying drum to rise, and the cake mix is dried evenly.

Agglomeration of raw granules into conglomerates in their natural form and treated with monoethanolamine is observed at a humidity above 25%. When processing granules with niogrine, sticking does not occur until the moisture content is 36%, namely, this moisture is characteristic of clay raw materials in the winter-spring-, autumn-winter periods. The pretreatment of granules with an ogrinomg, which is simultaneously a good intumescent, prevents the formation of conglomerates in the DRYING DRUM.

The use of such a method in factory conditions has constantly been throughout the year to obtain expanded clay within the same brands with a bulk weight equal to 0.28 g / cm, regardless of the mud moisture content of the clay sier entering the. molding,

Claims (3)

Invention Formula The method of making karamzite by forming raw clay granules, processing them with the help of the material, prevent: l :. sticking of granules to chalk (with each other, drying and roasting, which is different from the fact that, in order to prevent sticking of clayey granules with moisture to 36%, the cyiuKH process is treated with niogrin. Sources of information taken into account in the examination: 1: USSR Author's Certificate No. 425877, M.cl. C-04 B 31/20, 1974. 2, USSR author's certificate No. 446487, M.C. C 04 B 31/20, 1975. 3. USSR author's certificate No. 204218, M.C. C 04 B 31/20, 1967.