SU29785A1 - Rotary kiln for burning gypsum and for drying loose bodies - Google Patents

Description

Fig. (Gt. Refers to rotary kilns for firing gida and for drying loose bodies.

In FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section of the furnace; FIG. 2 is a section along the line Cx in FIG. one. . The drum 1 (fig. 1) is rotated from the outside to the outside. by the flue gases entering the chimney 5 from the space 2 through the refractory grate 3. Inside the drum 1 is the longitudinal flue tubes 9, 10. For passing the flue gases only through those tubes Р, 10 (Fig. 10), which the moment is inside the flow of the material being processed, fixed disks 14 or 14 are used, covering the entrance or exit mouths of the remaining pipes, and a sickle section is attached to the chimney 5 for the same purpose (Fig. 2). Pipe b is used to guide the gas that has warmed the drum / from the outside.

 connecting chimney 5 to the collector 7. The pipe ends with a mouthpiece 8, which serves to gradually direct the flow of gases to the open ends of the tubes by gradually increasing the velocity of the gases. Of course, if the end of muid (37c). -. ; /-.{.:-. -.:.: ----: -: /

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piece 8 should be closely attached to the ends of the tubes, then the value of the disk /, as if, is reduced to zero, since the mouthpiece 8 itself would not let gases into other tubes, especially since the ends of all the tubes pass into rectangular funnels, which as if they bind all the tubes into common annular grooves. But the drum / from heating is significantly lengthened, it can rest against the end of the sleeve 8 and cause an accident. Therefore, the end of the mouthpiece 8 is set at such a distance from the ends of the tubes 9, 10 so that, lengthening, it does not touch the end of the mouthpiece 8.

The inner tubes 9, 10 are not only a means for implementing the principle of separating gases from the product, but also for solving the problem of dust separation. at the same time, together with the scoop 13, cause vigorous mixing of the product inside the drum 1. But the implementation of the system of internal tubes would be impossible, especially with a thin drum wall (6 mm), if there were no diaphragms 15, designed in such a way that, not free, relative to the casing of the drum 1, the temperature lengthening, the tubes work in the total load of the drum and carry the majority of the bending moment between the roller bearings of the installation.

The tubes are rigidly fixed in the diaphragm disk by means of split sleeves. The diaphragms themselves are not fastened tightly with the drum, but only inserted into it so that they can move along. The bottoms of the drum are attached to the latter, and the tubes in / into their openings are also inserted, so that upon extension they can move into them.

The last feature of the drum is the mouthpiece 16, p. valve 16, opening and closing which can be directed through the nozzle into the internal cavity of the drum / part of the hot gases. This is done to saturate the water vapor released during roasting or drying with hot air and to facilitate their removal from the drum.

Combustible or dried raw materials (bulk), fed through the screw 21 into the drum, out of it ready through the pipe 17 into the closed space 22.

The drum is rotated from Sponge Ring 23 and rolls its tires 24 onto the rollers 25.

The spaces between the rotating places of the drum and the fixed parts of the collectors are sealed with the help of rings 26, and with the furnace chamber by means of rings 27.-.

To release the vapors, 5L holes are used.

The fuel ignites in the hearth and burns out in space 2. The combustion products pass through the refractory grate 5 and come under the drum 1. Heating the outer surface of the drum, moving in the direction of the arrow and revenue to the end of the chamber, hot gases

descend downwards and through a loop-shaped pipe. enter the collector of the drum 7.

Continuously rotated in chamber 5, the drum is heated from the outer surface and transfers the heat of gases to the product, which with the help of auger 21 enters the inner cavity of the drum and moves inside it in the same direction. Here the heat transfer is, according to the principle. Parallel currents. Hot gases wash only that part of the outer surface of the drum, which is covered on the inside by the product being calcined. . ,, V

From the rear collector 7, hot gases, through a special mouthpiece 8, are directed to the ends of the tubes 9, 10, which pass through two annular rows inside the drum and exit to the front collector 11, from where they go through the bend 12 to the chimney. Here, the gases are flowed in the reverse flow manner.

Thanks to the presence of scoops 13, located along. the inner surface of the drum, when the latter is rotated in the direction of the arrow, the contents of the drum are located inside it in its entire length in the form of a cylindrical segment; in other words, in the section of the drum, the product fills segment c. chorda, 6. Thus, inside the drum (Fig. 2), the product covers all the time about one-third of all the inner tubes, namely, those through which hot gases are currently passing, transferring their heat to the calcined (dried) product; however, the remaining tubes do not conduct hot gases at this time. As the drum rotates, those tubes that exit the sphere of the product being calcined immediately close, and, conversely, those tubes that are immersed in the product open for the passage of hot gases. gases and remain open until they come out of the product sphere again.

Water vapor released from the product, mixed with hot gases, is exhausted by a smoke exhauster from the drum through the dust chamber 18 and through knee 19 into the common chimney.

Gate 20 regulates the force of the depression from the dust box and from the drum so that the speed of the vapor-inside of the drum is brought to a value sufficient and necessary to remove only the water vapor with saturating them with hot air.

The subject matter of the invention.

1. A rotary kiln for burning gypsum and for drying loose bodies, characterized in that for passing flue gases that have been preheated