RU2830682C1 - Method of mounting multilayer outer wall of building - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to construction and can be used in construction of multilayer enclosing structures of residential, public and industrial buildings. Method of mounting an external multilayer wall of a building consists in the fact that an internal layer is erected from the inside of the building, a heat-insulating layer is arranged on the external side of the building, and a prefabricated concrete panel is attached to the floor slabs and pylons by means of metal links. Between the inner side of the concrete panel and the insulation layer, an air ventilation gap of 25-150 mm is formed, after which the concrete panel is levelled to the design position.

EFFECT: increasing the rate of construction, speed of erection of the multilayer external wall of the building, as well as the possibility of levelling the multilayer external wall to the design position even after installation of the necessary anchors.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

Field of technology

The invention relates to the field of construction and can be used in the construction of multi-layer enclosing structures of residential, public and industrial buildings.

State of the art

From the prior art, in particular from the Russian Federation patent for invention No. 2204664 (published 20.05.2003, IPC E04B 2/28), selected as the prototype of the present invention, an external multi-layer wall is known, including a pre-fabricated, architecturally designed panel of the external layer, having the size of a structural cell of a building, suspended on flexible, detachable metal ties; a ventilated air gap; an insulating layer and an internal layer of individual elements or small-piece parts. The method of its construction provides for the installation of an external panel with its fastening to the supporting structures of the building, and then, the device of an internal and intermediate insulating layer. In this case, the metal ties are made flexible, detachable and hingedly fixed to the ceiling and the panel. One end of them is secured to the ceiling using pins passed through slots formed in the ceiling, and the other end is secured to the threaded outlets of the panel using nuts.

The disadvantage of this method of erecting an external multi-layer wall of a building is the complexity of the execution and quality control of the operation of constructing an internal wall layer from individual elements or small-piece parts, and then an insulating layer with a free gap of 25-120 mm after installing the external layer in the form of a pre-architecturally designed panel the size of a structural cell of the building. At the same time, leveling the multi-layer wall to the design position is labor-intensive, since due to the use of the above-mentioned design of metal ties, there is no possibility of leveling after installing nuts and studs.

Also, from the Belarusian patent BY 9368, a method for constructing an external enclosure of a building is known, in which a load-bearing layer is first made from piece materials, after which a layer of thermal insulation made of mineral wool slabs is attached to it, and then a protective screen is mounted to form a ventilated layer. After the thermal insulation layer is installed on brackets, a protective screen is mounted and secured to the load-bearing layer of the wall.

The disadvantage of this design is the lack of the ability to level the external fencing of the building after installing the fastening elements in the brackets designed to attach the external fencing to the load-bearing layer of the wall.

Disclosure of the essence of the invention

The present invention is aimed at achieving technical results consisting of increasing the rate of construction, the speed of installation of a multi-layer external wall of a building, as well as the possibility of leveling a multi-layer external wall to the design position even after the installation of the necessary anchors.

The declared technical results are provided by a method for installing an external multi-layer wall of a building, which contains the following stages:

1) From inside the building, an inner layer is constructed from individual elements and/or small parts;

2) On the outside of the building, an insulating layer of the wall is arranged from individual elements;

3) Outside the building, using lifting equipment, a pre-fabricated concrete panel (1) is fastened to the monolithic element of the building frame using metal ties, where at least one hole is pre-drilled in the monolithic element of the building frame for at least one anchor (4), at least one pressure anchor (6) made with the possibility of resting against the building frame and an embedded element (7) are pre-installed in the concrete panel (1), after which an adjustment plate (8), containing at least two adjustment holes (9) and connected to a threaded rod (10), is inserted into the gap between the concrete panel (1) and the embedded element (7), fixed in the required position using fasteners through the required adjustment hole (9), while the threaded rod (10) is inserted into a hole (11) coaxial with it in the building suspension (3) and fixed with at least one nut located on the threaded rod (10) above the coaxial hole (11), after which the building suspension (3) is attached to the monolithic element of the building frame through at least one oblong hole (5) using at least one anchor (4);

4) An air ventilation gap of 25-150 mm is formed between the inner side of the concrete panel (1) and the insulation layer;

5) The concrete panel (1) is leveled to the design position.

The achievement of the declared technical results is ensured by the features of the invention listed in the invention formula. The feasibility of achieving the technical results is explained below taking into account the attached drawings and description of the invention.

Brief description of the drawings

The claimed technical solution is explained by an image showing the fastening of a concrete panel to a monolithic element of the building frame.

Implementation of the invention

The construction of a multilayer wall of a building is carried out in several stages. At the first stage, from the inside of the building, using traditional technology, an internal layer is erected from individual elements and/or small-piece parts. At the second stage - from the outside of the building, with careful quality control, an insulating layer of the wall is arranged from individual elements, which allows, against the prototype technology, where the insulation boards are inserted and fixed in a narrow gap between the inner and outer layers, conveniently distributing over the surface and fixing the insulation boards, thereby ensuring the required quality and high rate of work. At the last stages, outside the building, using lifting equipment, a pre-fabricated, architecturally designed, concrete panel is attached to a monolithic element of the building frame, for example, to the interfloor slabs using metal ties, the size of, for example, a structural cell of the building with the formation of an air ventilation gap between its inner side and the insulation layer, the size of which is equal to 25-150 mm.

As can be seen from Fig., when fastening a concrete panel (1) to a monolithic element of the building frame, for example, interfloor slabs (2a), the following components are used in the design of metal connections:

- a construction hanger (3), which is a metal plate that is attached using at least one anchor (4) through a hole (5) in the interfloor slab (2a), in which a hole for the anchor (4) is pre-drilled. In this case, the holes (5) are oblong in shape and allow for leveling of the concrete panel (1) after installing the anchors (4), by loosening the anchor (4) and moving the concrete panel (1) in the horizontal plane;

- at least one pressure anchor (6) for fixing the offset from the floor slabs, located horizontally (a variation of two below and two above can be used, the Fig. shows the location of one pressure anchor) and representing a stud with external thread and nuts, wherein one part of the pressure anchor (6) is connected to the concrete panel (1), and the opposite rests against the pylon (2b) or any other part of the building frame. Leveling of the concrete panel to the design position using pressure anchors (6) occurs from frame to frame;

- an embedded element (7), pre-fixed to the concrete panel (1) during its molding, wherein between the central part of the embedded element (7) and the concrete slab (1) there is a gap for installing an adjustment plate (8), which in turn contains at least two adjustment holes (9) intended to enable the adjustment plate (8) to be moved and fixed in the required position, and therefore to level the concrete panel to the design position. The adjustment plate (8) is connected to the threaded rod (10) by welding, wherein the threaded rod (10) is inserted into a coaxial hole (11) in the construction suspension (3) and fixed with nuts (not shown in the Fig.) located on the threaded rod (10) above the coaxial hole (11) so that it is possible to level the concrete panel to the design position.

This method of installing an external multi-layer wall of a building can be divided into the following stages:

1) From inside the building, an inner layer is constructed from individual elements and/or small parts;

2) On the outside of the building, an insulating layer of the wall is arranged from individual elements;

3) Outside the building, using lifting equipment, a pre-fabricated concrete panel (1) is fastened to the monolithic element of the building frame using metal ties, where at least one hole is pre-drilled in the monolithic element of the building frame for at least one anchor (4), at least one pressure anchor (6) made with the possibility of resting against the building frame, an embedded element (7) are pre-installed in the concrete panel (1), after which an adjustment plate (8), containing at least two adjustment holes (9) and connected to a threaded rod (10), is inserted into the gap between the concrete panel (1) and the embedded element (7), fixed in the required position using fasteners through the required adjustment hole (9), while the threaded rod (10) is inserted into a hole (11) coaxial with it in the building suspension (3) and fixed with at least one nut located on the threaded rod (10) above the coaxial hole (11), after which the building suspension (3) is attached to the monolithic element of the building frame through at least one oblong hole (5) using at least one anchor (4);

4) An air ventilation gap of 25-150 mm is formed between the inner side of the concrete panel (1) and the insulation layer;

5) The concrete panel (1) is leveled to the design position.

The proposed method of installation of the external multi-layer wall of the building allows to erect external walls of buildings quickly and safely, ensuring the required quality of work during all technological operations, ensuring a high rate of construction. And also to level the multi-layer external wall to the design position even after the installation of the necessary anchors.

Claims (6)

A method for installing an external multi-layer wall of a building, comprising the following stages: 1) from inside the building, an inner layer is constructed from individual elements and/or small parts; 2) on the outside of the building, an insulating layer of the wall is arranged from individual elements; 3) outside the building, using lifting equipment, a pre-fabricated concrete panel (1) is fastened to the monolithic element of the building frame using metal ties, where at least one hole is pre-drilled in the monolithic element of the building frame for at least one anchor (4), at least one pressure anchor (6) is pre-installed in the concrete panel (1), made with the possibility of resting against the building frame, an embedded element (7), after which an adjustment plate (8), containing at least two adjustment holes (9) and connected to a threaded rod (10), is inserted into the gap between the concrete panel (1) and the embedded element (7), fixed in the required position using fasteners through the required adjustment hole (9), while the threaded rod (10) is inserted into a hole (11) coaxial with it in the building suspension (3) and fixed with at least one nut located on the threaded rod (10) above coaxial hole (11), after which the building suspension (3) is attached to the monolithic element of the building frame through at least one oblong hole (5) using at least one anchor (4); 4) between the inner side of the concrete panel (1) and the insulation layer, an air ventilation gap of 25-150 mm is formed; 5) level the concrete panel (1) to the design position.