RU2498029C1 - Method to fix external wall of building - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: method to fix an external wall of a building consists in the fact that previously panel fixation points are measured on walls, ceiling and floor of the building carcass, on the verified places they install cleater angles, which are fixed by spacing anchors to the building carcass, then in the vertical position a panel is mounted to the building carcass with factory-cut responsive areas in its inner lining for fixation of angles, setting it onto supports that provide for a gap between the panel and the floor for injection of polyurethane foam into the specified gap and proper orientation of the panel. Afterwards holes are drilled in responsive areas of the panel in its metal frame for fixation of the angles, and the panel is fixed either via angles or by pop rivets from stainless steel or with steel galvanised self-attack screws.

EFFECT: increased accuracy of panel fixation in an external wall of a building and reduced time for assembly.

4 cl, 9 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of construction, and in particular to methods of fastening the multilayer outer walls of residential, public and industrial buildings and to a fastening system designed to fasten the outer wall of the building.

The closest technical solution, selected as a prototype with respect to the claimed invention in terms of technical nature and the achieved result, is the patent “Method for erecting the exterior wall of a building and a Multi-layer building panel” (see RF Patent for invention No. 2440471, IPC E04C 2/26 ; Е04В 2/88, published on January 20, 2012). The known method consists in preliminarily erecting a building frame, which includes columns and floor slabs, and installing the panel frame pre-assembled in a horizontal position with the help of fasteners on the finished building frame, and then non-structural insulation is mounted to the panel frame in a vertical position, the inner lining, and the frame of the multilayer panel is mounted to the frame of the building so that the multilayer building panel during installation protrudes outside the frame of the building from 1/3 about 1/2 of its thickness, and ends of the slabs and columns are laid insulation and outer sheets sutured skin.

When erecting the outer wall of a building according to a well-known solution, a panel fastening method is used, consisting in the fact that fastening elements for expansion anchors are installed along the perimeter from the ends on the panel. The assembled panel is turned upright, installed in the opening of the building so that it protrudes outside the building frame from 1/3 to 1/2 of its thickness and is fixed around the perimeter to the columns and floor slabs with spacer anchors.

The disadvantage of this method of panel mounting is the lack of assembly accuracy, because with this assembly method, the places of fastening the panel to the columns and floor slabs are not marked in advance, and the fastening is done “at the place of the actual installation of the panel”, depending on the desire and qualification of the worker installing the panel. Because panel mounting locations are not marked in advance, then fixing it “in place” is a labor-intensive process, in which the lifting mechanism is activated for a long time of mounting.

The problem solved by the claimed invention, “The method of fastening the outer wall of the building”, is the accuracy of fastening the panel of the outer wall of the building and reducing installation time due to preliminary preparation in the factory of the fastening points of fasteners on the panel, installing a vapor barrier on the panel under the inner lining (with release) films to protect the panel from moisture when pouring cement screed, installing on the panel under the outer skin (with release) a wind-, waterproofing film to protect the insulation from getting joists (prefabricated panels with projecting inner and outer films bottom end can simplify assembly slab and screed on the floor), provisional fastening of seats markings and pre-installation of fasteners to the walls, ceiling and floor of the building at fixing them to the panel.

The specified problem is solved in the following way.

1. On the walls or columns (2), ceiling and floor (3), the mounting points of the panel (1) are measured. To do this, lines are drawn or marked with laces, taking into account the fact that the panel protrudes from the floor slabs by 1 / 3-1 / 2 of their width.

2. Mounted perforated corners (4) are installed at the verified places. For example, for a panel of 2.7 × 3.0 m in size, 4 corners are installed on the ceiling and floor, and 3 corners on the walls and fixed with hammer anchors or expansion anchors (5). Mounting angles are made of galvanized steel, their size is 70 × 70 × 2.0 mm.

3. The panel (1), on which, in the factory, the reciprocal places for fastening the corners (8) of rectangular or round shape (figure 3) are cut in the inner skin (9), they hook the crane onto the removable bolts (usually 2) and bring to the opening.

4. Workers by hooks “pull” the panel inward as far as it will go into the corners, installing it on special supports or pneumatic pads that provide a gap between the panel and the floor from 10 to 80 mm for a guaranteed injection of foam into the slot and the correct orientation of the panel when it is installed. After the panel is aligned to its design position, workers drill holes in the metal frame (14) and fasten the panel to the corners (4) using stainless steel blind rivets (6) (Fig. 7) or self-tapping roofing screws (7) without washers (Fig. 8 and 9). Mounting corners can be inward and outward (Fig.6). When the corners are turned outward, the fasteners are completely hidden under the second sheet of the inner lining.

5. The final fastening of the corner to the panel is done with a threaded rivet followed by fastening with a threaded bolt or a hemispherical screw with a metric thread (16) (Fig. 9).

6. The outer windproof film (11) closes the slots on the outside of the building. An internal vapor barrier film (10) closes the gap on the inside of the building.

7. Slots are foamed with mounting foam.

8. Remove the transport bolts.

9. The ends of the floor slabs and walls are closed with a heater (12) and sutured with the outer skin (13), for example, with a fiber cement board.

10. A cement rough screed (15) is made on the floor, which covers the lower corners.

11. Due to the fact that the corners are “recessed” in the first layer of the inner lining (9), the second lining is set to “clean”, providing an even surface for painting.

The technical result obtained by using the method of fastening the outer wall of a building is the accuracy of fastening the panel of the outer wall of the building and reducing installation time.

The invention "Method of fastening the outer wall of the building" is illustrated by the following drawings.

Figure 1 - General installation diagram of the panel;

Figure 2 is a General view of the panel from the inside;

Figure 3 - cutouts in the inner lining of the panel for mounting the mounting corners;

Figure 4 - installation diagram of the panel;

5 is a diagram of the sewn end face of the slab;

6 is a diagram of the mounting of the panel to the floor slab (2 options);

7 is a diagram of the mounting of the panel to the mounting bracket with an exhaust rivet;

Fig. 8 is a diagram of a panel mounting to a mounting bracket with a self-tapping screw.

Fig.9 is a diagram of the mounting of the panel to the mounting bracket with self-tapping roofing screws and a threaded rivet with a screw.

When erecting the outer wall of a building according to a well-known solution (patent No. 2440471), the following system of fasteners is used: fastening elements for expansion anchors in the form of plates and expansion anchors.

The disadvantage of such a fastening system is the difficulty in ensuring a flat facade of the building (when installing the panels, there must be a controller on the outside of the building, who commands this process, since it is practically not visible on the inside of the room how the panel is installed).

The problem to which the present invention is directed, “Fixing system for attaching the exterior wall of a building”, is to create a fastening system adapted specifically for mounting panels of the exterior wall of a building. The system should ensure the speed, accuracy and reliability of panel fastening, which maintains an even facade of the building, minimal gaps between the surfaces are formed, which ensures minimal gaps and as a result reduces the cost of sealing joints and sealing gaps.

In accordance with the invention, the solution to this problem is achieved due to the fastening system for fixing the outer wall of the building, consisting of a mounting perforated metal reinforced corner, in which two mounting holes are drilled on each side of the corner, a driven anchor wedge or an expansion anchor, a threaded rivet, threaded bolt or hemispherical screw with metric thread.

The technical result obtained using the “Fixing system for attaching the outer wall of the building” is the accuracy, speed and reliability of fastening the panel of the outer wall of the building and reducing installation time and ensuring a flat surface of the facade of the building.

Before mounting the panels, mounting perforated corners (4) with a size of 70 × 70 × 2.0 mm on reinforced concrete are installed. perimeter structures, according to the rack profiles of the panels and drawings on the panel, which are attached to the reinforced concrete structures with driven anchor wedges of size ⌀6, L = 60 mm or expansion anchors (5) of size ⌀8, L = 60-85 mm. (Figs. 4-8)

Wall panels are mounted on reinforced concrete. crossbar on pneumatic linings. The gap between the panel and reinforced concrete designs from 10 to 80 mm.

After the panel is aligned in the design position, it is fixed to the corners (4) using self-tapping roofing screws (7) 5.5 × 19 mm in size without washer (Fig. 8).

The final fastening of the corner to the panel is made with a 6.0 × 16 mm threaded rivet followed by fastening with a threaded bolt or a hemispherical screw with a metric thread of 6.0 × 30 mm in size.

Sealing joints between panels and reinforced concrete the constructions are made by “Vilaterm” bundles ⌀20 mm when facing facades. From the inside, the seams are filled with foam before installing the second layer of SHG on the panel.

The second layer of the SHG overlaps the panel mounts and is fitted close to the reinforced concrete. designs.

1 - panel

2 - column

3 - floor slab,

4 - mounting perforated corner,

5 - expansion anchor,

6 - exhaust rivet,

7 - self-tapping screw,

8 - place of attachment of the mounting bracket on the panel,

9 - inner lining,

10 - internal vapor barrier film,

11 - outer windproof film,

12 - insulation

13 - outer skin

14 - metal frame panel

15 - cement screed,

16 - threaded rivet with screw.

The group of inventions “Method of fixing the outer wall of the building and the fixing system for fastening the outer wall of the building” is so interconnected that they form a single inventive concept.

Claims (4)

1. The method of attaching the outer wall of the building, which consists in the fact that the panel mounting points are measured on the walls, ceiling and floor of the building frame, fixing angles are installed at verified locations, which are fastened with expansion anchors to the building frame, then mounted in a vertical position to the building frame a panel with mating points cut out at the factory in its inner lining for fixing corners by installing it on supports providing a gap between the panel and the floor for pumping foam into the specified gap and the correct orientation of the panel, and then drilled in the response field panel in its metal frame parts mounting holes and fastened through the panel corners or exhaust of stainless steel rivets, screws or galvanized steel. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the reciprocal places for fixing the corners can be rectangular or round. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the fastening of the corners can be in two versions - inside and out. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that when attaching the panel, a fixing system is used for fixing the outer wall of the building, which consists of a mounting perforated metal reinforced corner, in which two mounting holes are drilled on one side of the corner and three on the other side, driven a wedge anchor or expansion anchor, self-tapping roofing screws or an exhaust steel rivet, a threaded rivet with a threaded bolt or a hemispherical screw with a metric thread.

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