RU2692052C1 - Tuberous roots cutter - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture, in particular, to devices for cutting of tuberous roots on plates on cattle-breeding farms and complexes. Tuberous roots cutter comprises casing with loading and unloading necks, inside of which vertical cutting drum is rigidly installed, consisting of circular knives located relative to each other at a distance that corresponds to zootechnical requirements. Cutting drum is attached to casing by means of pins located relative to each other at angle of 45°.EFFECT: enabling expansion of technological capabilities of the proposed device, simplification of its design at improvement of reliability, as well as increase in productivity and reduction of energy consumption of the process of cutting of tuberous roots.4 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to devices for cutting roots and vegetables on the plates on livestock farms and complexes.

A device is known (see. AS No. 178219 USSR, MKI A01F 29/00) for cutting root and tuber crops, containing a hopper, cutting chamber, a cylindrical yoke with circular knives and slots between them, a disk with teeth mounted on the shaft to push through crushed root and tuber crops and outlet.

The disadvantages of this device are the complexity of the design of the grinding device and the decrease in operational reliability as a result of clogging of its interefamily space by root and tuber crops and an increase in the energy intensity of the cutting process.

A device is known (see. AS No. 340371 USSR, MKI A01F 29/00) for cutting root and tuber crops into plates containing a cutting apparatus, made in the form of a stationary cylinder composed of knife rings with a certain clearance, inside which the drum with blades rotates, angled to the surface of the cylinder and having teeth entering the gap between the fixed ring knives.

The disadvantages of this device are the complexity of the design of the grinding device and the adjustment of the inter-blade space (cutting thickness) in accordance with the zootechnical requirements, as well as the operational unreliability of the cutting apparatus caused by the uneven pressure of the roots entering the cylinder on the blades as a result of their accumulation in the middle part of the disk, which is Ultimately, it will lead to breakdowns and an increase in the energy intensity of the entire process.

A device is known (see A.S. No. 10948621 USSR, MKI S13S 1/06, V02S 18/06) for grinding root and tuber crops containing horizontally mounted on the shaft drum with knives fixed on it, placed inside the drum clamp, loading hopper and discharge neck .

As a prototype, a device was selected (see AS No. 1623579 USSR, IPC A01F 29/00, C13C 1/06) for grinding root and tuber crops, containing a casing with loading and unloading necks, a cutting drum with knives, an elastic roller mounted eccentrically to the drum with the possibility of rotation with a speed equal to the speed of rotation of the drum, mounted above the elastic roller auger in the tray, additional knives fixed under the elastic roller in the discharge neck.

The disadvantages of these devices are the complexity of the design, the lack of adjustment of the inter-blade space (cutting thickness) and the device for their cleaning, as well as its operational lack of reliability, which ultimately will lead to an increase in the intensity of the cutting process and a decrease in productivity.

The technical challenge is to expand the technological capabilities of the proposed device, simplifying its design while improving reliability, as well as increasing productivity and reducing the energy intensity of the cutting process of the root-and-vegetable crops.

FIG. 1 shows a root-cutter, general view; in fig. 2 - root-cutter, side view; in fig. 3 shows section A-A in FIG. one.

To solve this technical problem, a simple design of a root-club-cutting machine is proposed, which consists of a casing 1 with a loading 2 and an unloading 3 opening. Inside the casing 1 there is a fixedly mounted vertical cutting drum 4 consisting of annular knives spaced relative to each other at a distance that meets zoo technical requirements. The cutting drum 4 is attached to the casing 1 with the help of studs 5, located relative to each other at an angle of 45 °. The degree of grinding of root crops is regulated by the installation of a replaceable block of annular knives of the cutting drum 4 with different distances between them.

Through the center of the cutting drum 4 passes the shaft 6, freely rotating in the bearing units 7 of the casing 1. On the shaft 6 on the carrier 8, a pressing roller 9 is installed, moving along the axis of rotation of the carrier in the through grooves and rotating in the bearing units. To drove 8 bolt fasten the comb 10 for pushing chopped root and tuber crops And through the circular knives and simultaneous cleaning of the inter-breed space of the cutting drum 4. Adjusting the gap between the cutting drum 4 and the roller 9 is carried out through viewing windows 12, located symmetrically on both sides of the casing / using the device consisting of a cap bolt 13, two nuts 14 and the bracket 15. The drive shaft 6, drove 8 with the device and the pressing roller 9 is carried out from the gear motor 16 through a safety coupling 17. Motor- the gearbox 16 is mounted with four bolts to the frame 18.

Korneklubnerezka works as follows.

Pre-cleaned in the washing machine roots (potatoes, carrots, sugar and fodder beet and others) through the loading neck 2 enter the internal cavity of the stationary cutting drum 4, where under the action of its own gravity roll into its lower part, are trapped between the knife grid and the roller 9 and push through it. The finished product in the form of plates under the action of the comb 10 and its own weight is discharged through the discharge neck 3 of the root-club cutting.

Such a scheme of the operation of a root-cutting machine allows to obtain plates that meet zoo-technical requirements, which ultimately will lead to an increase in the quality of grinding and an improvement in the digestibility of this type of feed by farm animals. Rapid replacement of one block of knives to another in the process of exploitation, the presence of a comb to push and clean the interdigital space of the cutting drum can improve the reliability and performance of the root-cuts, and the use of a roller mechanism reduces the energy intensity of the cutting process and increases its performance.

Claims (4)

1. Korneklubrezka, containing the casing with loading and unloading mouths, inside which the vertical cutting drum is fixed, consisting of annular knives spaced relative to each other at a distance that meets zootechnical requirements, characterized in that the cutting drum is attached to the casing with hairpins, located relative to each other at an angle of 45 °. 2. Korneklubrezrezka, according to claim 1, characterized in that through the center of the cutting drum passes the shaft, freely rotating in the bearing units of the casing, and on the shaft on the carrier installed pressure roller, moving along the axis of rotation drove through the grooves and rotating in the bearing units. 3. Korneklubrezrezka, p. 2, characterized in that to drove with bolts fasten comb to push crushed root and tuber crops through the circular knives and simultaneous cleaning of the inter-breed space of the cutting drum. 4. Korneklubnerezka, p. 2, characterized in that the gap between the cutting drum and the roller is adjustable through the viewing window, located symmetrically on both sides of the casing, using a device consisting of a cap bolt, two nuts and a bracket.

Images