RU2782812C1 - Device for cutting root crops - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of agriculture. The device contains a fixed cylindrical body with end walls, between which there is a holder. The end walls and the holder are interconnected by bolted connections. There is a loading window in the wall. In the lower part of the housing, on one side, there is a movable section connected to the housing cage by a hinged mechanism, and on the other hand, a knife is attached to the cage using countersunk bolts and nuts. The gap between the knife and the moving section is adjusted using two tensioners, each of which includes a tie bolt and two nuts. A shaft passes through the center of the housing, rotating in bearing assemblies, which are bolted to the end walls. Four symmetrically arranged X-shaped carriers are rigidly fixed to the shaft, each of which has a swivel joint with an L-shaped clamp at one end. To adjust the gap between the L-shaped clamp and the cage, there is an adjusting mechanism consisting of a bolt, two nuts and a bracket. The L-shaped clamp on the inner side along the edges has lugs with holes through which the axis passes, pivotally connecting the clamp with two carriers. The axis moves in the through grooves of the carrier and rotates in the sliding bearing units.

EFFECT: expansion of the technological capabilities of the proposed device is provided, which consists in simplifying its design while increasing the reliability and quality of service during operation, as well as increasing productivity while maintaining the cutting thickness.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to devices for cutting root crops on livestock farms.

A device is known (see A.S. No. 340371 of the USSR, MKI A01F 29/00) for cutting root crops into plates, containing a cutting device made in the form of a stationary cylinder composed of knife rings with a certain gap, inside which a drum with blades rotates, located at an angle to the surface of the cylinder and having teeth included in the gap between the fixed annular knives.

The disadvantages of this device are the complexity of the design of the chopping device and the adjustment of the inter-knife space (cutting thickness) in accordance with zootechnical requirements, as well as the operational unreliability of the cutting apparatus caused by uneven pressure of root crops entering the cylinder on the blades as a result of their accumulation in the middle part of the disk, which in ultimately lead to breakdowns and an increase in the energy intensity of the entire process.

A known machine (see A. S. No. 132464 USSR, IPC A01F 29/00) for cutting vegetables and root crops into circles, containing a cylindrical drum on the horizontal axis, on the inner surface of which there are longitudinal ribs and grooves with transverse slots, with which vegetables and root crops are captured and fed to the knives, and inside the drum, on the same axis as it, a sector with a set of bladed knives in the form of combs is fixedly fixed.

The disadvantages of this device are the complexity of the design, the lack of adjustment of the inter-knife space (cutting thickness), as well as its operational reliability.

As a prototype, a device was chosen (see A. S. No. 1639590 RF, IPC A23N 15/00), containing a cylindrical drum with a movable section, a rotor with blades installed inside it, a flat knife, straps that fasten the movable section to the drum and a rack.

The disadvantages of this device are the unreliability, the complexity and complexity of the adjustment of each section of the blades, as well as low productivity.

The technical task is to expand the technological capabilities of the proposed device, which consists in simplifying its design while improving the reliability and quality of service during operation, as well as increasing productivity while maintaining the cutting thickness.

In FIG. 1 shows a device for cutting root crops, general view; in fig. 2 - section A-A in Fig.1.

To solve this technical problem, a simple design of the device is proposed, consisting of a fixed cylindrical body with end walls 1 and 2 , between which there is a clip 3 . End walls 1 and 2 , as well as cage 3 are interconnected by bolted connections 4 . In the wall 2 there is a loading window 5 . In the lower part of the housing, on one side, there is a movable section 6 connected to the housing 3 by a hinged mechanism 7 , and on the other hand, a knife 8 is attached to the holder 3 with the help of countersunk bolts 9 with nuts 10 . The gap between the knife 8 and the movable section 6 is adjusted using two tensioners 11 , each of which includes a tie bolt 12 and two nuts 13 . A shaft 14 passes through the center of the housing, rotating in bearing assemblies 15 , which are bolted to the end walls 1 and 2 . Four symmetrically arranged X -shaped carriers 16 are rigidly fixed to the shaft 14 , each of which has a swivel joint with an L -shaped clamp 17 at one end. To adjust the gap between the L -shaped clamp 17 and the clip 3 , there is an adjusting mechanism consisting of a bolt 18 , two nuts 19 and a bracket 20 . L -shaped clamp 17 on the inner side along the edges has lugs 21 with holes through which the axis 22 passes, pivotally connecting the clamp with two carriers 16 . The axis 22 moves in the through grooves of the carrier 16 and rotates in the sliding bearing units. The gap between the cutting sleeve 3 and the L -shaped clamp 17 is adjusted through viewing windows 23 located symmetrically on both sides of the body.

The device works as follows.

Root crops (potatoes, carrots, sugar and fodder beets, etc.) pre-washed in the washing machine are fed through the loading window 5 into the internal cavity of the cylindrical body, where, under the action of their own gravity, they slide into its lower part, are pinched between the holder 3 and the L -shaped clamp 17 and the finished product, in the form of plates of a certain thickness, is pressed into the gap between the knife 8 and the movable section 6 into the storage tank.

This scheme of operation of the device allows you to obtain a finished product that meets zootechnical requirements. The collapsible version of the device, as well as the presence of viewing windows, allows for its high-quality repair and maintenance with the lowest labor and financial costs. The use of an L -shaped clamp reduces the energy consumption of the cutting process and increases the structural reliability and productivity due to a better capture of root crops, regardless of speed conditions.

Claims (1)

A device for cutting root crops, containing a fixed cylindrical body with end walls, between which there is a holder, the end walls and the holder are interconnected by bolted connections, the wall has a loading window, characterized in that in the lower part of the body on one side there is a movable section connected with a housing clip with a hinged mechanism, and on the other hand, a knife is attached to the clip with countersunk bolts and nuts, the gap between the knife and the movable section is adjusted using two tensioning devices, each of which includes a coupling bolt and two nuts, passes through the center of the housing a shaft rotating in bearing assemblies, which are bolted to the end walls, four symmetrically located X-shaped carriers are rigidly fixed to the shaft, each of which has a swivel with an L-shaped clamp at one end, and to adjust the gap between the L-shaped clamp and the clip there is an adjusting mechanism consisting of a bolt, two nuts and a bracket, the L-shaped clamp on the inner side along the edges has lugs with holes through which the axis passes, pivotally connecting the clamp with two carriers, and the axis moves in the through grooves of the carrier and rotates in the sliding bearing units.

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