RU2501895C1 - Method of production of flax cotton-wool - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: textiles, paper.

SUBSTANCE: method of production of flax cotton-wool comprises preparing fiber, its mechanical treatment, bleaching using chemical solution, rinsing, spinning and drying. In preparing the fiber, the ribbon is formed from it, which is treated with the chemical solution, followed by rinsing, spinning and drying. The dry bleached ribbon is subjected to mechanical treatment by alternating bending deformation, bilateral sliding bending with entanglement of the ribbon end parts and the subsequent purification of short-stapled fiber formed by mechanical treatment from non-fibrous impurities.

EFFECT: reduction of content of foreign impurities, improving the quality of flax cotton-wool and reduction of fibrous losses.

Description

The invention relates to the textile industry and can be used for the production of bleached cotton flax fiber. It allows you to improve the quality of flax wool, namely, to reduce the content of impurities in it, including bonfires.

It is relevant to use cheap materials, namely low-quality flax fiber as a raw material for the development of the cotton industry, which frees it from the import of foreign cotton and allows you to increase the production of cotton wool. The industrial production of flax wool is based on the use of cotonin as a raw material obtained by the elementization of bast bunches of flax fiber using cotonization lines. The production of flax wool is economically viable, because raw materials for cotonin are waste from the process of primary processing of flax fiber (short flax, tow, shake, flax fiber of the same type), the cost of which is significantly lower than imported cotton.

A known method of manufacturing cotton wool from specially prepared flax fiber [1].

Its disadvantages are the complexity and multi-stage chemical treatments, the use of highly concentrated alkaline solutions, which requires a large flow of water to wash the fiber from alkali. In addition, the high alkalinity of wastewater entails high costs for their neutralization.

There is also known a method of manufacturing cotton wool from flax tow or short flax fiber [2], including the preparation of the fiber, its mechanical processing, bleaching using a chemical solution, washing, spinning and drying.

However, this method also has several disadvantages. First of all, they are determined by the complexity and complexity of the method due to the multi-stage machining to which the fiber treated with a chemical solution is subjected to mass (two-stage loosening, scuffing, carding). In this method, such multi-stage is necessary to ensure the required purity of the fiber.

The specified method [2] is the closest to the claimed, and therefore can be selected as a prototype.

The technical task of the invention is to improve the quality of flax wool and reduce fiber loss.

The technical problem is achieved in that in the production of flax wool, including the preparation of the fiber, its mechanical processing, bleaching using a chemical solution and drying, according to the invention, when preparing the fiber, a tape is formed from it, which is treated with a chemical solution, followed by washing, spinning and drying and dry bleached tape is subjected to mechanical processing by alternating bending deformation, two-sided sliding bending with overlapping end sections of the tape and the subsequent boiling purified formed by machining korotkoshtapelnyh fibers from non-fiber contaminants.

The formation of an oriented flow in the form of a ribbon during fiber preparation, which is whitened with subsequent drying, allows partial removal of the fire, weed impurities, integumentary tissues, thinning, shortening and parallelizing of fibers. Such preparation in the future will provide a more efficient course of the chemical treatment process, will lead to a more complete transfer of the dry bonfire to the bulk fire and, ultimately, to a better cleaning of the fiber.

Processing the fibers with a chemical solution, washing, spinning and drying in the tape can simplify these processes, ensure their flow rate, reduce fiber losses, reduce energy costs and increase the efficiency of subsequent mechanical processing and cleaning.

The mechanical treatment of a dry tape by alternating bending deformation makes it possible to weaken the bonding of the fiber with the campfire and weed impurities, transfer the arid bonfire in the ribbon to a bulk discharge and thereby facilitate the removal of bonfire and impurities from the fiber during subsequent machining operations.

The use of two-sided sliding bending during machining with overflowing of the end sections of the tape makes it possible to more fully transfer the dry-bonded bonfire to bulk and to obtain thinner fibrous fractions of shorter length.

Subsequent cleaning of non-fibrous impurities allows you to get the finished product - bleached cotton wool with a low content of non-fibrous impurities.

The implementation of the method is as follows.

Preparation of flax fiber is carried out by processing short flax fiber (of the same type of flax fiber, tow) on the card and tape machines used in practice. As a result, the fibers are parallelized, thinned, removal of foreign impurities and bonfires from them, as well as the formation of an oriented fiber flow in the form of a tape of a certain constant cross section. Next, the resulting linen tape is formed into packages, for example, wound on coils used to process linen rovings.

The whitening of fiber packages in the tape and the improvement of its hygroscopic properties using a chemical solution and drying are carried out using serial equipment of textile production. For example, using the AKD apparatus and the drying machine MSB-4L [3]. This allows you to reduce the cost of creating special equipment and to unify the process of preparing the tape for the production of cotton wool according to the claimed method. At the same time, fiber losses are reduced due to the fact that the fiber is in the tape and experiences less mechanical stress than the fiber in the mass.

The mechanical processing of dry bleached tape is carried out by alternating bending deformation, two-sided sliding bending with overlapping end sections of the tape. For this, it is possible to use typical milling machines and machines for modifying flax fiber MML. Such mechanical influences make it possible to transfer the aforementioned bonfire in the ribbon to the bulk discharge and facilitate its subsequent removal. As a result of machining, short-fiber linen complexes, which are cotton wool, are obtained. Thus, the use of this method of producing flax wool will improve the quality of cotton wool due to better cleaning from non-fiber impurities, which ultimately will lead to the production of flax bleached cotton wool of the required quality and will not require large capital costs for implementation.

Information sources

1. Pat. No. 2078164. Russian Federation, MKI D04H 1/02. A method of manufacturing cotton wool [Text] / Ryzhov A.I .; Gubanov V.A .; Korotkov S.N .; Zhivetin V.V .; Osipova N.N .; Osipov B.P. - application No. 95113289/12; declared 08/03/1995; publ. 04/27/1997.

2. Pat. No. 2078163. Russian Federation, MKI D04H 1/02. Method for the production of cotton wool [Text] / Ryzhov A.I .; Gubanov V.A .; Korotkov S.N .; Zhivetin V.V .; Osipova N.N .; Osipov B.P. - application No. 95113285/12; declared 08/03/1995; publ. 04/27/1997.

3. Zhukov V.I. A quick reference to flax spinning: a training manual / V.I. Zhukov, U.Yu. Titova, E.Yu. Tikhonov. - Kostroma: Publishing house Kostroma. state technol. University, 2011 .-- 274 p.

Claims (1)

Method for the production of flax wool, including preparation of the fiber, its mechanical processing, bleaching using a chemical solution, washing, spinning and drying, characterized in that when preparing the fiber, a tape is formed from it, which is treated with a chemical solution, followed by washing, spinning and drying, and dry bleached tape is subjected to mechanical processing by alternating bending deformation, two-sided sliding bending with overlapping end sections of the tape and subsequent cleaning formed during nical processing korotkoshtapelnyh fibers from non-fiber contaminants.