RU2493725C1 - Ingredients composition for fodder product for farm animals and birds - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to farm industry, in particular, to farm animals and birds feeding so that to reduce negative influence of stress factors on productivity and health. The ingredients composition of the fodder product for productive animals and birds contains methionine, aluminosilicate, polysaccharides, pectin and inuline, organic acids (amber acid or its salts and citric acid) and lactic acid bacteria of Lactobacillales class immobilised on aluminosilicate. All the components are taken at the specified ratio. The lactic acid bacteria quantity accounts for 2·10⁸ - 2·10⁹ CFU/g in 1 g of the product.

EFFECT: invention introduction ensures reduction of negative influence of various etiology stresses on farm animals and birds productivity.

7 tbl, 3 ex

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to feeding farm animals and birds, in particular to reduce the negative impact on productivity and health of stress factors.

Recently, stress has become an urgent problem in modern animal husbandry. With the industrialization of agriculture, this problem is becoming more acute, due to many reasons and factors. The intensification of animal husbandry has led not only to an increase in stress factors, but also to the fact that many links in the technology of raising and keeping animals have come into conflict with the physiological characteristics that have arisen and entrenched in the process of evolution. In a perfect industrial complex, the animal is under the influence of many times greater stress factors than its ancestors. And this is reflected in fertility, fattening, development of animals and can lead to death.

The constant effect of various stresses on the body of an animal or bird leads to a decrease in nonspecific resistance of the body, as well as to inhibition of functions associated with reproductive and productive abilities. Usually stressful effects are short-lived, but sometimes they can last a long time. Naturally, the functional reserves of stress neutralizing systems are not unlimited. And, in the end, the stage of depletion of the body may occur. The shifts that develop in this stage can lead to deep dystrophic changes. The adaptive activity of the adrenal glands and other organs and systems that regulate the body is inhibited. The prolonged action of the stress factor on the body leads to irreversible metabolic changes and, as a rule, to reject the animal or bird.

The use of biologically active and pharmacological agents reduces the negative effects of stress and accelerates the process of adaptation of animals to the action of adverse factors that cause overexcitation or depression of the central nervous system, increase aggressiveness, decrease resistance, and intensive exchange of microflora and increase its virulence. For this, diet prophylaxis, the use of agents that increase the overall resistance of the body, immunostimulants (Polysorb plus, CJSC Polysorb, Yantarvit Biofizika), antimicrobial, soothing and deodorizing drugs (Yodoran, Himtek Innovation Center LLC) are used.

As a means of dietoprophylaxis, high-quality feeds enriched with biologically active substances, energy (L-carnitine plus, LLC Santefarm), unsaturated fatty acids, organic di- and tricarboxylic acids (Glycine. Biotiki Medical Research and Production Complex), glycosides are used. essential amino acids (DL-methionine, Degussa AG company), microelements (especially iodine, cobalt, zinc and copper), vitamins (especially A, Vi, B15, E, C) (vitamin and mineral complex, TechKorm). Biologically active substances are introduced into the feed and used as a group method in doses 20-30% higher than those adopted for this species-age group of animals. Optimum results are obtained by enrichment of the diet with dietoprophylaxis of the negative effects of stress within 5-7 days before and 10-14 days after adverse technological impact.

From the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2391025, published on 06/10/2010, a feed additive is known that contains choline chloride, L-carnitine, methionine, cellobacterin, Glauber's salt, baking soda, calcium stearate, a mineral-vitamin complex and a filler at a certain quantitative ratio of components. In addition, the feed additive additionally contains aromatic substances in an amount of 0.1-3.0 wt.%, And as a filler, the feed additive contains components selected from the group: zeolite, vermiculite, bran, cake, meal. This invention leads to an increase in the productivity of farm animals and birds due to the hepatoprotective action of the composition of the feed additive, which helps to neutralize and remove toxic metabolic products from the body.

The present invention is to develop a composition of ingredients for the feed product of productive farm animals and birds.

The technical result that the present invention is directed to is the development of a feed product for productive farm animals and birds, the addition of which reduces the negative impact on the productivity of farm animals and birds of stresses of various etiologies.

The developed composition is a complex synbiotic consisting of polysaccharides, including pectin and inulin, sour milk bacteria of the order Lactobacillales immobilized on aluminosilicate, organic acids similar to the body’s natural metabolites (succinic, citric) and methionine in a protected form in the following ratio of ingredients, wt.%:

amber to - that (or its salts) - 15-30

lemon to-ta - 4-7

pectin 10-20

inulin 10-20

methionine 20-30

aluminosilicate - the rest

fermented milk bacteria immobilized on aluminosilicate in an amount of 2 · 10 ⁸ -2 · 10 ⁹ CFU in 1 g of product.

The effectiveness of the complex is associated with the properties of the ingredients of the composition and their form. Slow-acting succinic acid is used in the composition, which significantly expands its functionality, sour-milk bacteria are used live, which significantly enhances their action, and protected methionine is effective in both mono and polygastric animals.

Succinic acid (salt), immobilized on a high molecular weight biopolymer, stimulates cellular metabolism, especially in conditions of hypoxia, stimulates the activity of the digestive glands, primarily the liver. It improves brain nutrition with oxygen and has a tonic effect on the central nervous system. It has a pronounced antioxidant and hepatoprotective effect, helps to neutralize and remove toxins, heavy metals, pesticides, etc. from the body, and activates a number of important enzymes.

Citric acid activates the Krebs cycle, which helps to accelerate metabolism, enhances the effect of succinic acid, and helps to eliminate toxins from the body.

Complex sugars (inulin, oligofructose) are a growth factor in the natural microflora of the gastrointestinal tract of animals and birds. They provide growth, stability and activity of microflora. Under their action, the population of certain types of microorganisms can increase 5-7 times. As a result, gastrointestinal microbiocinosis is optimized, due to which not only the digestibility of feeds is improved, but also the buffer capacity of both alkaline-acid and nutrient dispersion increases - the ratio of proteins / fats / carbohydrates, the content and ratio of macro and micronutrients. In addition, it has been scientifically proven that the introduction of prebiotics into the diet promotes the absorption of macro and microelements from feed up to 30%, and the absorption of B vitamins increases by 10-20%.

Sour-milk bacteria immobilized on aluminosilicate inhibit the development of pathogenic microorganisms and contribute to the formation of beneficial microflora in the digestive tract.

Methionine, an essential amino acid, is essential for normal growth and metabolism. Stimulates the formation of biologically active substances, activates the action of hormones, vitamins, enzymes. Promotes the formation of proteins, prevents fatty liver, lowers blood cholesterol. Methionine has an antitoxic effect, strengthening cell membranes, reduces the effect of poisons on the liver and other tissues.

All ingredients of the composition are free-flowing powder or granules with a size of not more than 2-2.5 mm. The manufacture of the feed product is carried out by mixing the substances of the ingredients in a special mixer with subsequent packaging in the prepared container. The product is introduced into the main diet using a feed mixer or manually at the rate of 40-60 mg (depending on the physiological condition of the animal and the quality of the main feed) per kg of body weight of the animal or bird.

In accordance with the developed technology, the following compositions were obtained (in mass /%)

Composition table Ingredients Composition No. 1 Composition No. 2 Composition No. 3 Amber fifteen 25 thirty Lemon four 6 7 Pectin twenty 10 fifteen Inulin twenty fifteen 10 Methionine thirty 25 twenty Aluminosilicate eleven 19 eighteen Sour milk bacteria 2 · 10 ⁹ CFU per gram of product 2 · 10 ⁹ CFU per gram of product 2 · 10 ⁹ CFU per gram of product

Example No. 1

The influence of the feed product on productivity and health during technological and feed stresses arising during calving (farrowing) of pregnant sows, dead cows and their offspring.

Scientific and economic experiments to determine the effectiveness of using the supplementary feeding complex (FDC) on the productivity of pregnant sows and dead cows were carried out on the collective farm. Chapaev Kochubeyevsky district of the Stavropol Territory from October to December 2009. For these purposes, two experimental groups were formed on the basis of analogues (live weight, age, origin) and put to experience according to the following scheme (Table 1).

Table 1 Experience outline Group Breed Number of animals, goal. Feeding Features Pregnant sows I - control Large white 10 Compound feed - OR II - experienced - // - 10 OR + KDK at the rate of 40 mg per 1 kg of live weight Dead cows I - control Red steppe 16 OR - grass hay, corn silage, cereal-bean hay, root crops, mineral feed II - experienced - // - 16 OR + KDK at the rate of 20 g per 1 head

Animals of the control groups were kept according to the technology adopted in this farm, feeding rations are balanced according to the main nutrients in accordance with the norms of VIZh (OR).

And in the experimental groups, the animals, in addition to the main diet, additionally received a complex of 40 mg per 1 kg of live weight of pregnant sows and 20 grams per head per day for dry cows. It should be noted that when feeding pregnant sows with this feed supplement at the rate of 40 mg per 1 kg of live weight, the course of application is 30 days with an interval of 15 days, and when feeding dry cows, the course is 60 days before calving.

During the research, the following indicators were determined:

- live weight of animals when put to experience, after farrowing and grew;

- feed intake (control feeding once every 10 days on two adjacent days);

- biochemical blood counts before putting on the test and after 30-35 days;

- live weight of piglets (calves) at birth, in addition, after 22 days, calves after 30 days;

- milk sows and the safety of piglets;

- milk productivity of cows within 30-35 days, quality indicators of milk (fat, protein);

- the effect of feed additives on reproductive qualities (coming to the hunt);

- offspring productivity (average daily gain, payment of feed per 1 kg of growth);

- the effectiveness of the use of feed additives or biocorrectors in diets

sows and cows.

In the collective farm breeding them. Chapaev compiled feeding diets for dry cows and pregnant sows, and then for lactating animals, taking into account the need for nutrients according to the VIZh standards based on chemical analysis of feed, which was carried out in the laboratory of pathology and metabolism at GNU SNIIZHK. Chemical analysis shows that the feed in this farm is of good quality and belongs to class I.

During the period of the scientific and economic experiment in the pregnant and dry periods, an increase in the live weight of the uterus occurred as a result of the growth of the fetus, an increase in the uterus and deposition of the necessary reserves of the organic and mineral substances of the mother's body.

Observations of animals show that the eatability of the complex, according to the standards, together with the feed, was complete, which was reflected in the farrowing of sows and the mowing of cows (Table 2).

table 2 Productivity of sows when feeding a feed product Indicators Group I - control II - experienced Live weight during production, kg 181.1 180.2 Received piglets, goal. 10.5 10.8 Weight of 1 pig, kg 1.32 1.42 Nest mass, kg 56.0 58.2 The safety of the pigs when beating,% 90.3 95.2 The arrival of the sow in the hunt after weaning piglets, days 7-9 5-7

Analyzing the data of the table, it should be noted that feeding to sows in the pregnant period of FDC calculated at 40 mg per 1 kg of live weight allowed to obtain the following indicators: live weight of piglets at birth was higher by 7.58%, or 0.1 kg; piglets received at 2.86% more; the weight of the nest in the experimental group was higher by 2.2 kg or 3.93%; the safety of piglets during beating was higher by 5.4%.

It should be noted that the fact that the sow came to the hunt after weaning piglets. If in the control group they came on the 7th-9th day, then in the experimental group they came together on the 5th day.

Similar results were obtained on cows (Table 3).

Table 3 Productivity of cows when using the complex Indicators Group I - control II - experienced Live weight of cows during production, kg 568.2 565.4 Received calves, goal. fifteen 16 Mass of calf at birth, kg 38.6 39.7 30 calf live weight, kg 54,4 56.2 Arrival of cows after hunting, days 22-38 21-23

From the data of the table it follows that the complex plays a significant role in the period of dead wood. So, the live weight of calves at birth in the experimental group was higher by 1.1 kg or 2.9%, and by the age of one month this figure was 1.8 kg or 3.3%. KDK played a particularly important role during the period of sexual hunting, which allowed insemination of cows in the first 21-23 days after calving, and in the control this indicator lasted up to 38 days.

The influence of the feed product on the milk productivity of cows, qualitative and quantitative indicators of milk, which are presented in table 4.

Table 4 Qualitative and quantitative indicators of milk in experimental cows Indicators Group I - control II - experienced Daily milk yield, kg 15.9 17.1 Fat content,% 3.81 3.94 The protein content,% 3.42 3.46 Density, ° A 27.67 28.20 Acidity, ° T 18.11 17.89 Dry matter% 12.27 12,42 Lactose,% 4.75 4.80 Ash% 1.16 1.15 The cost of feed for the production of 1 kg of milk, feed. units 1.15 1.01

The data of "Table 4" indicate the positive effect of the FDC on milk performance. In terms of daily milk yield, the experimental group exceeded the control group by 7.5%, in terms of fat content - by 0.13%, and in protein - by 0.04%. At the same time, the feed conversion level is also better in the experimental group, feed costs per 1 kg of milk amounted to 1.01 feed, units, whereas in the control it is 1.15 feed, units, the difference is 12.2%.

The obtained results of scientific and economic experience, their analysis allows us to draw the following conclusions.

1. Additional feeding to pregnant sows at the rate of 40 mg per 1 kg of live weight and 20 g per 1 head of dry cows of the feed product has a positive effect on the development of the fetus and the physiological state of the animals.

2. Feeding after farrowing sows and raised cows improves the absorption of nutrients from the feed, thereby increasing conversion, increasing the productivity of cows by 7.5%, while improving the quality of milk.

3. In experimental sows receiving FDC, live weight in piglets at birth is higher by 7.58%; the safety of piglets at the time of weaning is higher by 2.9%. In the cows of the experimental group, the calves by birth weight were higher by 2.9% at birth, and by the age of one month they exceeded the peers of the control group by 3.3%.

4. When observing the animals, it was found that in the animals of the experimental groups, the placenta was separated on the 2nd day, while in the control - on 3-4 days. In addition, the animals of the experimental group came to the hunt faster and inseminated in the first hunt.

5. The use of a feed additive in the diets of dairy cows increases not only the quantity, but also the quality of milk (fat, protein, density, SOMO, etc.).

Example No. 2

The effect on the reproduction of carnivores in a period of increased stressful conditions was studied.

The results of the reproduction of minks that received the complex in ZAO “Maloyaroslavets animal husbandry”, 2011 are shown in table 5.

From the data in the table you can see the positive effect of the use in both schemes of drug inclusion in the diet: higher fertility, the yield of puppies on a happily whelping female, milk production (by weight of the puppy on the 20th day of lactation), the complex made it possible to more fully realize (P <0.05) the genetic potential of minks for fertility.

Example No. 3

The influence of FDC on the productivity of birds (broiler chicken)

Broiler chickens for the entire growing period are more likely than many other animals and birds to be negatively affected by stress. This is due to the high intensity of their development. To clarify the effect of the complex on the stress resistance of broiler chickens, a production experiment was conducted at the sub-farm CJSC Orenburgskaya Poultry Factory.

Table 6 Growth Indicators Daily Chicks Planted date of 12/28/09 03/09/10 Goal. 38800 37119 kg 1358.0 1299.0 Average weight of 1 chicken g 35 35 Number of growing days days 45 45 Safety % 95.4 95.8 Daily gain g 39.6 43,4 Case Goal. 1785 1485 Live weight from 1 meter of area kg 38.64 40.62 European efficiency ratio 212.4 215.5

As can be seen from the table, the use of the feed product in the diet of broiler chickens positively affects both safety and weight gain, which suggests a decrease in the negative impact of stress factors in the experimental group.

Claims (1)

The composition of the ingredients for the feed product of productive farm animals and birds, including filler, salts of organic acids and methionine, characterized in that it contains polysaccharides including pectin and inulin, organic acids, succinic or its salts and citric, and additionally sour milk bacteria of the order Lactobacillales, immobilized on aluminosilicate, in the following ratio of ingredients, wt.%:
succinic acid (or its salts) 15-30,
citric acid 4-7,
pectin 10-20,
inulin 10-20,
methionine 20-30,
aluminosilicate the rest,
fermented milk bacteria immobilized on aluminosilicate in an amount of 2 · 10 ⁸ -2 · 10 ⁹ CFU in 1 g of product.