RU2328664C1 - Turbulent evaporator and drying chamber with passive nozzle - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heating.

SUBSTANCE: turbulent evaporative and drying chamber with passive nozzle includes evaporator and dryer chambers combined in one housing with gas supply and discharge pipelines, filtering heat exchanger represented as nozzle of inert bodies boiling bed. Sprinkler located above this nozzle is represented with bearing rotated manifold with controlled throttle of primary solution supply. Exhaust dusty gases are subject to preliminary acoustic treatment in acoustic plant. Dusty gases are then supplied to cyclone with silo where the main part of gas-entrained dry material is released. Finally, gas cleaned in sleeve filter with silo. Besides, injectors are represented as acoustic injectors while resonator is in the shape of, at least, one spherical hollow located in the end wall of housing directed to distributing head. In addition, spherical hollow is connected with calibrated opening provided with gap between vertical opening in end wall of housing and distributing head rod. Gap is of circular cross section in section perpendicular to rod axis. Distributing head is represented with housing with cover in the form of truncated cones interconnected by large basis. Besides, manifold in the form of cylindrical hollow is located inside the housing. Manifold is connected with annular channel formed by external cylindrical surface of hollow rod and coaxial openings of similar diameter provided in distributing head cover and housing. Distributing head is provided with, at least, three channels for solution discharge, which are evenly distributed around and perpendicular to rod axis. In addition, opening shearing is on the tapered surface of distributing head cover and inclination angle defines rooted angle of sprayed solution jet.

EFFECT: improvement of drying efficiency.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to techniques for drying solutions, alloys, suspensions and obtaining granules of various substances and can be used in microbiological, food, chemical and other industries.

The closest technical solution to the claimed object is a dryer by.with. USSR No. 609036, F26B 17/10, 1975, containing the evaporating and drying chambers with gas supply and exhaust pipelines located in a common housing, as well as a filter-heat exchanger made in the form of a nozzle from a fluidized bed of inert bodies above which an irrigator is located (prototype )

The disadvantage of the prototype is the relatively low productivity of drying the final product due to the insufficiently high degree of spray solutions.

The technical result is an increase in drying performance. This is achieved by the fact that in a vortex evaporation-drying chamber with an inert nozzle, containing an evaporation and drying chamber with gas supply and exhaust pipelines located in a common housing, as well as a filter-heat exchanger made in the form of a nozzle from a fluidized bed of inert bodies, over which the irrigator is located , according to the invention, the sprinkler is made in the form of a collector rotating in bearings with a control throttle for supplying the initial solution, and the exhaust dusty gases are subjected to preliminary acoustic processing in an acoustic installation, after which dusty gases are sent to a cyclone with a hopper, where the bulk of the dry material carried away by gases is released, and the final cleaning of the gases takes place in a bag filter with a hopper, and the nozzles are made in the form of acoustic nozzles, the resonator is made in the form of at least at least one spherical cavity located in the end wall of the housing facing the distribution head, and the spherical cavity is connected by a calibrated hole with a gap between the vertical hole a gap in the end wall of the housing and the rod of the distribution head, and in a section perpendicular to the axis of the rod, the gap has an annular cross section, and the distribution head is made in the form of a housing with a cover in the form of truncated cones connected by large bases, and a collector in the form of a cylindrical cavity is located in the housing connected by an annular channel formed by the outer cylindrical surface of the hollow rod and holes of the same diameter coaxial with it, made respectively in the lid and housing predelitelnoy head, with at least three uniformly arranged along the circumference and perpendicular to the axis of the rod to exit channels solution and the cut holes located on the conical surface of the dispensing head cover, the slope of which determines the angle of the root flame sprayed solution.

Figure 1 shows a vortex evaporation-drying chamber with an inert nozzle, figure 2 is a General view of a pneumatic acoustic nozzle.

The vortex evaporation-drying chamber with an inert nozzle contains an evaporation chamber 1 (Fig. 1) located in a common housing and a drying chamber 2 separated by a partition 3. The evaporation chamber 1 is a cylinder and is located above the cylindrical drying chamber 2. In the evaporation chamber there is a filter a heat exchanger made in the form of a nozzle 4 from a fluidized bed of inert bodies, over which a sprinkler 5 is located, which is a collector rotating in bearings 12 with a control choke 13 for supplying the initial solution. The implementation of the sprinkler 5 rotating allows you to intensify heat and mass transfer.

In order to avoid wear of inert bodies, the nozzle is limited by grids 6. The cylindrical drying chamber 2 is equipped with gas supply tangential pipelines 7 and a discharge pipe 8 located inside the drying chamber, over which a protective umbrella 9 is placed. Pneumatic nozzles 10 are also placed in the drying chamber (Fig. 2). For unloading the dried material, an unloading device is provided in the lower part of the drying chamber 2. The discharge pipe 11 is designed to discharge the gas suspension formed during the drying process. Exhaust dusty gases are subjected to preliminary acoustic treatment in an acoustic installation 14, after which the gas stream is directed to a cyclone 15 with a hopper, where the bulk of the dry material carried away by gases is released, and the final gas purification takes place in a bag filter 16 with a hopper.

The acoustic nozzle (figure 2) contains a hollow body 17 with walls formed by a conical and end surfaces with a resonator 25 and a cavity 21 for the spraying agent entering through the nozzle 19 into the manifold 18, connected through holes 20 with a cavity 21, which is made in the form of a truncated cone with a larger and smaller base.

On the hollow cylindrical rod 23, rigidly connected with the housing 17, a distribution head 33 is installed for supplying the initial solution through the fitting 22, while between the rod 23 and the housing 17 from the side of the smaller base of the truncated cone forming the cavity 21, there is an annular gap 24. Resonator 25 made in the form of at least one spherical cavity located in the end wall of the housing 17 facing the distribution head 33, and the spherical cavity is connected by a calibrated hole 26 with a gap 24 between the vertical tverstiem in the end wall of the housing 17 and the rod 23 of the dispensing head 33. In a section perpendicular to the axis of the rod 23, the gap 24 has an annular cross section and the dispensing head 33 is formed as a housing 30 with cover 29 in the form of truncated cones, connected large bases. A manifold 31 in the form of a cylindrical cavity is located in the housing of the distribution head 33, connected by an annular channel 34 formed by the outer cylindrical surface of the hollow rod 23 and holes of the same diameter coaxial with it, made respectively in the cover 29 and the housing 30 of the distribution head 33, with at least , three channels 28 evenly spaced around the circumference and perpendicular to the axis of the rod 23 for the exit of the solution. A cut of the openings of the channels 28 is located on the conical surface of the cover 29 of the distribution head 33, the angle of inclination of which determines the root angle of the spray plume.

The solution outlet channel can be made in the form of a radial annular gap (not shown in the drawing) lying in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the rod 23 of the distribution head 33 and formed in its cover 29 by means of a plate 27 rigidly attached to the rod 23, perpendicular to its axis , and associated with the cover 29, at least three fasteners 35 with the formation of a radial annular gap.

Vortex evaporation-drying chamber with an inert nozzle operates as follows.

The source material to be dried through the sprinkler 5 is fed to the nozzle 4 from inert bodies forming a layer under the action of gases leaving the drying chamber 2 through a pipeline 8. On the nozzle 4, the starting material is partially evaporated. In addition, the nozzle 4 performs a number of side functions: reduces the temperature of the exhaust gases - acts as a filter. When inert bodies are used as nozzles, the heat exchange surface can be increased. Since the nozzle 4 is constantly irrigated with the starting material, clogging of it with the dried material is prevented.

One stripped off heated source material accumulates on the partition 3. Using compressed air nozzles 10 one stripped off heated source material is sprayed into the drying chamber 2.

In the drying chamber 2, the material is dried, and the dried material is discharged from the installation through a discharge device. The spent heat carrier (exhaust gases), for example hot air, together with part of the finely divided dried material enters the pipeline 8, from where the exhaust gases enter the evaporation chamber 1, penetrate the nozzle 4, creating a fluidized bed of inert bodies and heating the source material, and leave the installation through the pipeline 11. Exhaust dusty gases are subjected to preliminary acoustic treatment in acoustic installation 14, the optimal parameters of which for sound processing of fine dust are: Wen sound pressure of 140 dB or more, the frequency of the vibrational motion of 900 Hz, the concentration of dust in the air stream at least 2 g / m ^3, while insonation 1.5 ... 2 seconds, after which the gas stream is directed into the cyclone 15 to the hopper, wherein the main part of the dry material carried away by the gases is released, and the final purification of the gases takes place in the baghouse 16 with a hopper. The ingress of fine material into the evaporation chamber 1 is prevented by a safety umbrella 9.

The acoustic nozzle for spraying liquids works as follows.

A spraying agent, for example air, is supplied through a nozzle 19 to a manifold 18 connected through openings 20 to a cavity 21, which is made in the form of a truncated cone. From the cavity 21, air is directed into the annular gap 24 between the rod 23 and the housing 17, where it encounters a resonator 25 made in the form of a spherical cavity connected to the gap 24 by means of a calibrated hole 26. As a result of the passage of the resonator 25 by a spray agent (for example, air ) in the latter, pressure pulsations arise, creating acoustic vibrations, the frequency of which depends on the parameters of the resonator. Acoustic vibrations of the spraying agent contribute to finer spraying of the solution supplied to the distribution head 33 through the hollow rod 23, from which the solution is supplied in the form of a liquid film blocking the output of the spraying agent from the sound vibration generator formed by the resonator 25. This film is crushed by acoustic air vibrations into small droplets, resulting in the formation of a torch of a sprayed solution with air, the root angle of which is determined by the value of the conical angle the surface of the cover 29 of the distribution head 33.

Claims (2)

1. A vortex evaporation-drying chamber with an inert nozzle, containing the evaporating and drying chambers with gas supply and exhaust pipelines located in a common housing, as well as a filter-heat exchanger made in the form of a nozzle from a fluidized bed of inert bodies, above which an irrigator is located, characterized in that the sprinkler is made in the form of a collector rotating in bearings with a control throttle for supplying the initial solution, and the exhaust dusty gases are subjected to preliminary acoustic treatment in acoustic installation, after which the dusty gases are sent to a cyclone with a hopper, where the bulk of the dry material carried away by gases is released, and the final cleaning of the gases takes place in a bag filter with a hopper, and the nozzles are made in the form of acoustic nozzles, the resonator is made in the form of at least one spherical cavity located in the end wall of the housing facing the distribution head, and the spherical cavity is connected by a calibrated hole with a gap between the vertical hole in the end wall the housing and the rod of the distribution head, and in a section perpendicular to the axis of the rod, the gap has an annular section, and the distribution head is made in the form of a housing with a cover in the form of truncated cones connected by large bases, and a collector in the form of a cylindrical cavity connected by an annular channel is located in the housing formed by the outer cylindrical surface of the hollow rod and coaxial holes of the same diameter with it, made respectively in the cover and housing of the distribution head, with at least three channels for outlet of the solution evenly spaced around the circumference and perpendicular to the axis of the rod, moreover, a cut of the holes is located on the conical surface of the cover of the distribution head, the angle of inclination of which determines the root angle of the spray gun. 2. The vortex evaporation-drying chamber with an inert nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that the solution outlet channel is a radial annular gap lying in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the distribution head rod and formed in its cover by means of a plate rigidly attached to the rod perpendicular to its axis and associated with the cover, at least three fasteners with the formation of a radial annular gap.

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