RU231975U1 - A game board with rectangular cells for working with paired cards during rehabilitation and preventive training of visual-spatial memory - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to medicine, to the section of neurology and neuropsychology, and can be used in neurorehabilitation departments of neurological and neurosurgical clinics during classes on restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory in neurological patients with organic brain damage. A game field with rectangular cells for working with paired cards during classes on restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory is created, containing a plastic base, on the front side of which there are horizontal rows of identical cells-depressions made with the possibility of placing game cards in them, while along the four lateral sides of each cell-depression there are holes made with the possibility of placing fingertips in them and subsequent convenient gripping of game cards. The technical result of the claimed utility model is the expansion of the arsenal of technical means for the effective restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory in neurological patients, ensured by the simplicity and compactness of the design elements, allowing for the uniform arrangement of game cards, preventing their accidental displacement during training, as well as easy grasping of game cards with the fingers, which allows for training with a wide range of neurological patients, including bedridden patients and patients with impaired fine motor skills of the fingers.

Description

The utility model relates to medicine, to the section of neurology and neuropsychology, and can find application in neurorehabilitation departments of neurological and neurosurgical clinics when conducting classes on the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory in neurological patients with organic brain damage.

One of the widespread and effective methods used in working on the restoration of visual-spatial memory is the method based on the game "Paired cards" ("Memory"), which consists of the following: "The patient is shown a set of paired cards with different images. All the cards are mixed and placed face down on the table in front of the patient. The patient opens two cards in a row, names the objects depicted on them and, if the images match, puts this pair of cards aside. If the images do not match, the cards are returned to their place face down. Then the patient again opens two cards in front of him and compares them. The exercise is completed when all the cards are put aside" (Grigoryeva V.N., Kovyazina M.S., Tkhostov A.Sh. - Cognitive neurorehabilitation of patients with focal brain lesions. Moscow, 2006., p. 95).

This method, along with individual lessons, is also widely used in group lessons with several patients, the number of which can be 2 or more people.

For the practical implementation of this method during classes with neurological patients, various manuals are used, for example, “Neuropsychological manual Cards with images of rural houses for classes on restoration and preventive training of visual memory” (Scientific and practical journal “Innovative technologies of neuropsychology” No. 2. Moscow: Publishing house “Sputnik+”, 2020. - Pp. 63-66).

However, the practical use of this method in working with neurological patients causes them certain difficulties, consisting of the need to evenly lay out the game cards in rows, ensuring the ability to remember the location of paired game cards, while there must be intervals between the game cards, ensuring the ability to turn over the game cards without displacing adjacent cards.

However, the main difficulty in using the method based on the game “Paired Cards” when working with neurological patients is that the game cards (which are usually made of thick paper or cardboard) are difficult to pick up when lifting them from a horizontal surface, even for healthy people.

Therefore, if neurological patients have even minor disturbances of fine motor skills of the fingers, the use of this effective method may be completely inaccessible to these patients who need classes to restore visual-spatial memory.

Various devices are known from the existing level of technology that facilitate the use of the method based on the game "Paired Cards", for example, "Device for working with paired cards during classes on the restoration and preventive training of memory in patients of a neurological clinic" (RU 155859 U1 dated 20.10.2015). This device facilitates the process of using this method due to the fact that it provides illumination of two cards selected by the patient, allowing him to see the images located on the back of the cards without turning them over. At the same time, due to the placement of each card in a cell with beveled edges, it is easier for patients to take the cards in their hands, due to the fact that as a result of moving the fingers of the card along the cell, one of its sides rises.

The disadvantages of this device when used for working with paired cards during rehabilitation and preventive training of visual-spatial memory in neurological patients are: a) the technical complexity of the device, which includes LEDs and other electronic components; b) the impossibility of lifting the card without moving it with your fingers along the cell in which it is placed.

Also, from the existing level of technology, a device is known called "A playing field for working with paired cards during classes on restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory" (RU228911 U1 dated 16.09.2024), which is a flat base made of elastic soft material (for example, foam rubber), the surface of which is divided into evenly spaced areas intended for placing playing cards. This device facilitates the process of using the method based on the game "Paired Cards" due to the fact that the elastic material of the base allows vertical movement of the fingertips below the surface of the base of the playing card, due to which it is easily grasped by the fingers.

The disadvantages of this device when used for working with paired cards during classes on restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory in neurological patients are: a) the need to apply additional force during vertical movement of the fingers; b) the possibility of accidental displacement of the game cards during the class.

In order to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned devices, a device called “Playing field with rectangular cells for working with paired cards during classes on restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory” (hereinafter referred to as the “Playing field”) was developed.

The tasks that the claimed technical solution is aimed at solving are:

a) ensuring the possibility of compact and uniform arrangement of game cards;

b) preventing accidental displacement of game cards during the lesson;

c) ease and convenience of lifting game cards from the surface of the “Playing Field”;

d) accessibility of classes for bedridden patients;

d) accessibility of classes for patients with impaired fine motor skills of the fingers;

e) ensuring the possibility of using the “Playing Field” at home after patients are discharged from the clinic;

g) simplicity of design, facilitating the widespread introduction of the “Playing Field” into clinical practice.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is the expansion of the arsenal of technical means for the effective restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory in neurological patients, ensured by the simplicity and compactness of the design elements, allowing for the uniform arrangement of game cards, preventing their accidental displacement during training, as well as easy grasping of game cards with the fingers, which allows for training with a wide range of neurological patients, including bedridden patients and patients with impaired fine motor skills of the fingers.

The technical result is achieved by creating a playing field with rectangular cells for working with paired cards during classes on the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory, containing a plastic base, on the front side of which there are horizontal rows of identical cells-depressions, made with the possibility of placing playing cards in them, while along the four side sides of each cell-depression there are holes, with the possibility of placing fingertips in them and subsequent convenient gripping of playing cards.

In the preferred embodiment, the plastic base has a rectangular shape.

In the preferred embodiment, the plastic base is square in shape.

The essence of the device “Playing field with rectangular cells for working with paired cards during classes on restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory” is explained by drawings, which depict:

Fig. 1 shows a general view of the “Playing field” (without playing cards).

Fig. 2 is a side view of the "Playing Field".

Fig. 3 - section A-A.

Fig. 4 shows a view of the “Playing Field” with playing cards placed face up.

Fig. 5 shows a view of the “Playing Field” with playing cards placed face down.

The claimed "Playing Field" (see Figs. 1-3) is a plastic base (1) on the front side of which there are rows of identical recessed cells (2) made with the possibility of placing game cards (4) in them (see Figs. 4, 5) intended for classes on the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory using a method based on the game "Paired Cards". At the same time, on the front side of the plastic base (1), along the four lateral sides of each recessed cell (2), there are holes (3) made that provide the possibility of placing the fingertips of the patient's hand in them and then conveniently grasping the game cards (4) placed in the recessed cells (2).

The dimensions of this particular "Playing Field" indicated below are not signs that narrow the scope of legal protection, since they may change during the process of its creation.

The plastic base (1) of the "Playing Field" can be rectangular or square, and its thickness can be 8-15 mm. The term "rectangle" means a quadrilateral in which all angles are right angles. A special case of a rectangle is a square, which is distinguished by the fact that not only its angles are equal, but also all its sides (Wikipedia. Rectangle, found on the Internet at: https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Прядомогуля).

Depending on the shape of the game cards (4) that the "Game Field" is designed to handle, its recessed cells (2) can be rectangular or square, as a special case of a rectangle. In this case, if the recessed cells (2) are square, the "Game Field" can be used to handle game cards (4) not only of a square shape, but also of a round, octagonal or any other shape.

On the front side of the plastic base (1), the cells-depressions (2) are arranged in horizontal rows, and their number can be from 2 to 6 or more rows, and in each horizontal row the number of cells-depressions (2) can be from 2 to 6 or more pieces. The total number of cells-depressions (2) of the plastic base (1) of the "Playing Field" can be from 6 to 36 or more pieces.

The depth of the cells-depressions (2) is the same and is 2-3 mm, which prevents accidental displacement of the game cards (4) by patients during exercise. The distance between adjacent cells-depressions (2) is determined based on the convenience of grasping the game cards (4) with the fingers and is from 15 to 20 millimeters or more. The distance between the cells-depressions (2) located along the perimeter of the plastic base (1) and its outer sides is from 10 to 20 millimeters.

The dimensions of the recessed cells (2) are determined based on the dimensions of the game cards (4) for which the “Game Field” is intended, taking into account that the dimensions of the sides of each recessed cell (2) should be 2-8 mm larger than the dimensions of the corresponding sides of the game cards (4) used.

The game cards (4) used in the work with the "Game Field" are made of thick paper or cardboard and have the same dimensions. The size of the side of the game card (4) can be from 30 to 80 millimeters or more. For better perception by patients of the cells-depressions (2) when independently laying out the game cards (4) in them, the surface of the cells-depressions (2) can be highlighted in a color (for example, by means of paint) that differs from the color of the plastic base (1).

The holes (3) made on the front side of the plastic base (1) along the four lateral sides of each recessed cell (2) include:

a) internal parts that are located inside the recessed cells (2) and are partially covered by game cards (4), which are placed in the recessed cells (2) during the lessons;

b) the outer parts, which are located outside the recessed cells (2) and serve to place the patient’s fingertips in them for convenient gripping of the game card (4).

The arrangement of the holes on four sides of the recessed cells (2) ensures ease of use with the “Playing Field” in any position on the horizontal surface of the table.

Depending on their location on the front side of the plastic base (1), the holes (3) are divided into:

a) single, the outer parts of which are located along the perimeter of the plastic base (1), and each of the holes (3) of the single includes one inner and one outer part;

b) double, the outer parts of which are located between adjacent cell-depressions (2), and each of the holes (3) of the double includes two inner and one outer parts.

The outer parts of the wells (3) have a rectangular shape, and the inner parts of the wells (3) can have the shape of a rectangle with rounded outer corners (Fig. 1) or a semicircular shape.

The width and length of the holes (3) must ensure that the fingertips of the hand can be placed in them and that they can then move to comfortably grasp the game cards (4) placed in the recessed cells (2).

The width of the outer parts of the holes (3), both single and double, is the same and can range from 15 to 20 millimetres or more.

The length of the outer parts of the single holes (3) corresponds to the distance between the recessed cells (2) located along the perimeter of the plastic base (1) and the outer sides of the plastic base (1).

The length of the outer parts of the double holes (3) corresponds to the distance between adjacent cells-depressions (2).

The depth of the holes (3) should ensure that the fingers of the hand can easily grasp the playing cards (4) by allowing the patient's fingertips to be placed below the playing cards (4) placed in the recessed cells (2).

The depth of the holes depends on the thickness of the plastic base (1) of the "Playing Field" and is determined based on the fact that the thickness of the lower part of the plastic base (1), which is solid (since the holes (3) are located higher), should be 2-4 mm, providing the necessary rigidity to the plastic base (1). In this case, the depth of the outer parts of the holes (3) is the same and exceeds the depth of their inner parts (which is also the same) by an amount equal to the depth of the cells-depressions (2).

Thus, the design features of the declared “Playing Field” provide:

a) the possibility of compact and uniform placement of game cards (4) in rows of recessed cells (2);

b) preventing accidental displacement of game cards (4) during the lesson due to the use of recessed cells (2);

c) ease and convenience of grasping and lifting the playing cards (4) due to the presence of holes (3) that make it possible to place the fingertips of the hand below the playing cards (4);

d) accessibility of classes for bedridden patients, as well as patients with impaired fine motor skills of the fingers;

e) the possibility of using the “Playing Field” at home, after patients are discharged from the clinic.

The use of the “Playing Field” during classes on restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory is carried out as follows.

When conducting a group lesson using the method based on the game "Paired Cards", the specialist forms a group of 2 or more patients with approximately the same degree of visual-spatial memory impairment. At the same time, due to the fact that the declared "Playing Field" ensures ease and convenience of working with game cards (4), patients with fine motor impairment can also take part in the lesson.

Before the start of a group session, the “Playing Field” (see Fig. 1) is placed in front of the patients sitting at the work table, and the specialist selects a certain number of pairs of identical playing cards (4) (4 or more pairs), which he places in the cells-recesses (2) of the “Playing Field” in random order so that each playing card (4) is placed face up (see Fig. 4).

Next, the patients, during a time interval set by the specialist (20 seconds or more), try to remember the location of the game cards (4) with identical images, after which the game cards (4) are turned face down (see Fig. 5). Then one of the patients turns over two game cards (4), which, in his opinion, contain identical images.

In this case, to turn over each game card (4), the patient places the tips of two fingers of the hand (thumb and index finger) in the holes (3) located on opposite sides of the game card (4), as a result of which the tips of the fingers fall below the surface of the cell-depression (2), allowing the game card (4) placed in it to be easily grasped with the fingers of the hand and turned over to the front side containing the image.

If the images on these game cards (4) match, the patient takes them for himself, thereby receiving the right to make another move by turning over two other game cards (4) in the manner described above.

If the images on these game cards (4) do not match, then the patient turns them over again in the manner described above face down, and the right to make the next move passes to the other patient.

Next, the above sequence of actions is repeated the required number of times, and the patient who has collected the largest number of game cards (4) wins.

In addition to conducting group sessions, the "Playing Field" can also be used for individual sessions, which can be conducted with bedridden neurological patients. In this case, the specialist similarly places pairs of playing cards (4) in the cells-depressions (2) of the "Playing Field" face up (see Fig. 4), and the patient, during a time interval specified by the specialist, tries to remember their location.

After this, the game cards (4) are turned face down (see Fig. 5), and the patient sequentially selects pairs of identical game cards (4). In this case, the turning over of the game cards (4) and their subsequent selection is carried out in the manner described above using the holes (3) of the "Game Field".

Along with classes on restoring visual-spatial memory, the declared “Playing Field” is also intended for use during classes on preventive training of visual-spatial memory of neurological patients who do not have these disorders or who have them to a minor degree.

The main difference between the classes on preventive training of visual-spatial memory is: a) a larger number of game cards used (4); b) a shorter time interval for memorizing the location of the game cards (4).

Along with classes on restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory in neurological patients, the declared “Playing Field” can be effectively used:

a) when patients conduct independent exercises at home;

b) when conducting corrective and developmental classes with children who have problems with the formation of visual-spatial memory;

c) when conducting neuropsychological training with elderly people;

d) as a simple device that helps to increase the convenience of the game "Paired Cards" for all fans of this game.

Thus, the declared “Playing Field” significantly expands the possibilities of using the “Paired Cards” game in clinical practice, allowing for classes on the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory with a wide range of neurological patients, including bedridden patients and patients with fine motor impairment.

Due to its simple design and ease of use, the “Playing Field” can find wide application in clinical practice.

Claims (3)

1. A playing field with rectangular cells for working with paired cards during classes on the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory, containing a plastic base, on the front side of which there are horizontal rows of identical cells-depressions, made with the possibility of placing playing cards in them, while on the four side sides of each cell-depression there are holes, with the possibility of placing fingertips in them and subsequently grasping the playing cards. 2. The playing field according to item 1, characterized in that the plastic base has a rectangular shape. 3. The playing field according to item 1, characterized in that the plastic base has a square shape.