RU190238U1 - Lattice simulator with two types of cells for group classes on the restoration of fine motor skills and intellectual activity in patients with a neurological clinic - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model “Lattice simulator with two types of cells for group classes on the restoration of fine motor skills and intellectual activity in patients of the neurological clinic” refers to medicine in the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in neurorehabilitation departments of neurological and neurosurgical clinics for conducting group classes on simultaneous recovery fine motor skills and intellectual activity in patients with a neurological clinic. The useful model contains an eraser base lattice (1) of square shape with beveled corners, along the perimeter of which a frame-flange (2) is made, forming the boundaries of the working surface, in which two cell types (3, 4) are cut-through: basic and additional, which are intended for placement in them of game elements that differ in size; moreover, the main cell-cuts (3) have the shape of regular octagons and a larger size compared with additional cell-cuts (4), having the shape of regular quadrangles; the main cells-cuts (3) are located in horizontal and vertical rows, each of which contains the same number of main cells-cuts (3), and additional cell-cuts (4) are located on the working surface between the horizontal and vertical rows of the main cells- cutouts (3). Thus, the declared "lattice simulator" at the expense of its structural elements, provides the convenience and comfort of group lessons on the simultaneous restoration of fine motor skills and intellectual activity by use of game elements in the form of items of different sizes placed in two types of cutout cells. The use of a “grid trainer” brings an element of novelty into the process of rehabilitation work with patients, making them an exciting and interesting training for patients.

Description

This utility model relates to medicine in the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be applied in the departments of neurorehabilitation of neurological and neurosurgical clinics for conducting group classes on the simultaneous restoration of fine motor skills and intellectual activity in patients with a neurological clinic.

Important for the effectiveness of rehabilitation education are the forms of its organization, used in the course of training with patients with disorders of various mental or motor functions.

Methods and forms of organizing rehabilitation education should take into account the social nature of a person and create conditions for maximizing the use of all human capabilities and abilities, using the influence of the social environment and other social factors on a sick person (Tsvetkova LS Aphasia and rehabilitation education. M .; Moscow Psychological Social Institute Voronezh: Publishing house NPO "MODEK", 2001, p. 81, 82).

One of the forms of organization of rehabilitation education, which is based on the use of social factors, is a group form of training that contributes to improving the recovery of impaired mental and motor functions, expanding and supplementing individual classes with a specialist and self-study of patients during their stay in the neurological clinic.

Group activities allow, above all, the activity of communication and impact on the patient's personality through the mechanisms of a small social group: interpersonal interaction, cooperation, cooperation, competitiveness, etc. (Tsvetkova L.S. Aphasia and restorative education. Moscow; Moscow Psychological and Social Institute; Voronezh: Publishing and Production Association NPO MODEK, 2001, p. 9).

According to group dynamics expert Marvin Shaw, a small social group is a community consisting of two or more individuals interacting and influencing each other (Myers D. Social Psychology - St. Petersburg: Peter, 1997).

The use of group forms of training contributes to the effectiveness of rehabilitation classes in the work on the restoration of various mental functions, including intellectual activity, as well as motor functions, including fine motor skills of the fingers of patients of the neurological clinic.

Fine motor skills is a set of coordinated human actions aimed at performing fine small movements with hands and fingers (Wikipedia. Free encyclopedia, Fine motor skills, found 04/10/2019 on the Internet at https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki / Small_motorics.

To restore the fine motor skills of the fingers in patients of the neurological clinic, various exercises are used, based on sorting out various small objects, such as loose beans, peas, small stones (Exercises for fine motor skills of hands after a stroke, found on 04.04.2019 on the Internet http://bermen.ru/uprazhnenija-dlja-melkoj-motoriki-ruk-posle/).

The disadvantages of these exercises for the restoration of fine motor skills of the fingers is their monotony and routine, causing increased fatigue of patients and reducing interest in the exercises.

Therefore, at the present time, various simulators are used to engage in restoring fine motor skills in patients of the neurological clinic, ensuring the inclusion of fingers in various movements associated with more interesting and attractive game activity for patients, for example, Tic-tac-toe contributes to the restoration of intellectual activity of patients.

So, from the current level of technology known device "Lattice simulator for group classes on the restoration of fine motor skills and intellectual activity in patients with neurological clinics" (Patent RU 186124 U1, published 09.01.2019,).

This device is a square plastic playing field made of plastic, containing 9, 16, 25 or 36 square-shaped cut-outs of the same size that are designed to accommodate game elements in them during the Tic-Tac-Toe game.

When conducting classes with this device, a variety of objects such as grains of various plants (beans, peas, etc.), various metal objects (coins, nuts, etc.), various types of plastic dishes (coffee cups, cups and others) and various other items.

Thus, this device provides the possibility of simultaneous restoration of fine motor skills and intellectual activity of patients at the neurological clinic due to the fact that the traditional game “Tic-tac-toe” is used as a method aimed at restoring intellectual activity, and as a method aimed at restoring fine motor skills work with various objects is used, which patients should take with their fingers and place in the cutouts of the playing field.

The disadvantage of this device when it is used for group classes on the restoration of fine motor skills and intellectual activity in patients of the neurological clinic is the inconvenience of patients using small objects, for example, grains of various plants (beans, peas, etc.), since the size of the cutouts should provide accommodating items of various sizes, including larger ones, for example, various types of plastic dishes (coffee cups, cups, etc.).

As a result, there is an inconvenience in the work of patients with smaller objects, for example, grains of various plants (beans, peas, etc.) that are “lost” in large cut-out cells.

Thus, this device does not provide convenience and comfort when using smaller items, the placement of which in large cutouts leads to the complication of their perception by patients.

In order to overcome this drawback, the “Lattice simulator with two types of cells for group classes on the restoration of fine motor skills and intellectual activity in patients with neurological clinics” (hereinafter referred to as the “lattice simulator”) has been developed.

The tasks to be addressed by the claimed technical solution are:

a) providing convenience and comfort of classes due to the possibility of using two types of cutout cells differing in size, which are designed to accommodate game elements of different sizes;

b) the actions performed by patients should simultaneously be directed both at restoring fine motor skills and at restoring intellectual activity;

c) ensuring the possibility of implementing a group form of classes, contributing to the improvement of the effectiveness of rehabilitation education;

d) ensuring the convenience and comfort of classes for patients at a neurological clinic with impaired motor functions of the hands due to the fact that the patient can lean with the hand on the upper part of the frame-shoulder of the “lattice simulator”;

e) the simplicity of the “lattice simulator” design, contributing to its widespread introduction into the practice of working with patients at the neurological clinic;

e) reducing the cost of "lattice simulator" due to the absence of the need for the manufacture of special game elements, which are used as many improvised items.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is the expansion of the functionality of the "Lattice simulator for group classes on the restoration of fine motor skills and intellectual activity in patients of the neurological clinic" provided by the structural elements of the stated "lattice simulator", providing the convenience and comfort of group lessons on simultaneous restoration of fine motor skills and intellectual activity in patients with a neurological clinic.

This technical result is ensured by the fact that the "lattice simulator" contains a square-shaped lattice-base made of plastic, with beveled corners, along the perimeter of which there is a bead frame that forms the boundaries of the working surface in which two types of cutouts are made: two main and additional, which are designed to accommodate game elements that differ in size; moreover, the main cutouts have the shape of regular octagons and a larger size as compared with additional cutouts having the shape of regular quadrangles; the main cells-cuts are located in horizontal and vertical rows, each of which contains the same number of main cells-cuts, and additional cell-cuts are located on the working surface between the horizontal and vertical rows of the main cells-cuts.

In the preferred embodiment of the "lattice simulator" the total number of basic cut cells can be 16, 25 or 36 pieces.

In the preferred embodiment of the "lattice simulator" the width of the jumpers between the main cell-notches, as well as the main and additional cells-notches is the same.

The essence of the utility model "Lattice simulator with two types of cells for group classes on the restoration of fine motor skills and intellectual activity in patients with a neurological clinic" is illustrated by drawings, which depict:

FIG. 1 - a general view of the "lattice simulator";

FIG. 2 - section AA;

FIG. 3 - section BB.

The inventive "lattice simulator" (see Fig. 1-3) is a square-shaped lattice-base (1) made of plastic, with beveled corners along the perimeter of which a bead frame (2) is formed, which forms the boundaries of the working surface in which through-cut-out cells (3, 4) designed to accommodate game elements of different sizes during the training sessions.

At the same time, the through-cut-out cells (3, 4) are made of two types: the main cut-out cells (3) and the additional cut-out cells (4), which differ in shape and size.

The main cutouts (3) have the shape of regular octagons and a larger size compared to the additional cutouts (4), having the shape of regular quadrangles (squares).

Thus, the main cell-cutouts (3) are designed to accommodate game elements of a larger size compared to game elements of a smaller size, placed in additional cell-cutouts (4).

The dimensions of this particular “lattice simulator” indicated below are not signs narrowing the scope of legal protection, as they may change in the process of its creation.

The size of the side of the lattice base (1) is 250-500 mm, and its thickness, taking into account the frame-flange (2) is equal to 12-18 mm.

Frame-flange (2) has a width of 8-16 mm, a height of 8-12 mm and performs the following functions:

a) gives additional rigidity to the base lattice (1);

b) performs the function of support for the patient's hand when placing the game elements in the main or additional cutouts (3, 4) during the sessions;

c) provides the possibility of convenient lifting of the “lattice simulator” from the desktop surface for simultaneous removal of game elements from the cutouts (3, 4).

The main cutouts (3) are arranged in horizontal and vertical rows, each of which contains the same number of basic cutouts (3), and the total number of basic cutouts (3) can be 16, 25, or 36 pieces.

Additional cutouts (4) are located on the working surface between the horizontal and vertical rows of the main cutouts (3) in such a way that each additional cutout cell (4) is located between the four main cutouts (3), and the total number of additional cutouts cell cutouts (4) depends on the total number of main cell cutouts (3).

The width of the jumpers (5) between the main cutout cells (3), as well as the main and additional cutouts (3, 4) is the same and is 4-8 mm.

The dimensions of the main cutouts (3) depend on the dimensions of the working surface of the base grille (1), the number of basic cutouts (3) and the width of the jumpers (5).

The sizes of the additional cutouts (4) depend on the sizes of the main cutouts (3) and the width of the jumpers (5).

As a game elements for classes with "lattice simulator" can be used a variety of different subjects, differing in larger and smaller sizes relative to each other.

When using items of a larger size, for example, various types of plastic dishes (coffee cups, cups, etc.), they are placed in the main cutouts (3), and objects of smaller size, for example, grains of various plants (beans, peas and others) are placed in additional cutouts (4).

At the initial stages of rehabilitation classes with a "lattice trainer", various items of a larger size are used, which are easier to grab and hold with fingers, and at later stages of classes, various items of a smaller size are used.

Items used to play Tic-Tac-Toe should be of the same type, but should be divided into two equal groups, distinguished by some external sign, for example, color, or symbols marked on them, designating one group of objects as “crosses” and the other as "toes".

Thus, the design features of the "lattice simulator" containing cell-cutouts (3, 4) of two types provide the implementation of the following functions:

a) when located on the surface of the desktop form the playing field, designed to play "Tic-tac-toe" by means of game elements, differing in larger and smaller sizes relative to each other;

b) after the end of the game, they allow you to quickly and easily remove game elements from the main or additional cutouts (3, 4), by lifting the "lattice trainer" out of the shoulder frame (2).

For storage and carrying "lattice simulator" is used a cover made of plastic or fabric material (not shown in the figures).

The “Lattice simulator with two types of cells for group classes on the restoration of fine motor skills and intellectual activity in patients of the neurological clinic” works as follows.

Before starting a course of rehabilitation training, the specialist forms a group of two patients who have approximately the same degree of impaired fine motor skills, and, if possible, intellectual activity.

At the beginning of the lesson, the specialist sets up the "trellis simulator" on a flat surface of the desktop and gives each patient the necessary number of game elements. In this case, one patient receives game elements conditionally denoting "crosses", and the other patient receives game elements conditionally denoting "toes".

At the initial stages of classes, game elements of larger sizes are used, for placing of which basic cutouts are used (3).

 After receiving the game elements, one of the patients takes the fingers of the hand (restoring fine motor skills) a game element denoting a “cross” and places it (restoring fine motor skills) in one of the main cutouts (3) of the grid-base (1), after which another patient performs the next move (restoration of intellectual activity), placing the game element denoting “zero” (restoring fine motor skills) in another main cut-out cell (3), etc.

In this case, all actions associated with the capture, retention and installation of game elements in the main cell-cutouts (3) is performed with each hand with a violation of fine motor skills.

To facilitate the installation of game elements in the cut-out cells (3, 4), each patient can rest with his hand on the frame-flange (2) located along the perimeter of the "lattice trainer".

The game ends with the victory of one of the patients, who, in accordance with the rules of the Tic-Tac-Toe game, made a series of four identical game elements located in the main cutouts (3), or in a draw, when none of the patients could make a series .

After the game is over, the “lattice trainer” is lifted out of the frame-flange (2) upwards, all used game elements are shifted to the side, and the “lattice trainer” is again placed on the surface of the desktop, being completely ready for further work.

As patients achieve positive results in restoring fine motor skills, the specialist makes the tasks more complicated by using game elements in the form of smaller objects, for example, grains of various plants (beans, peas, etc.) that are harder to grab and hold with your fingers.

These items are placed sick in additional cells-cutouts (4), which are smaller in size compared to the main cells-cutouts (3).

Thus, due to the fact that smaller objects are placed in smaller additional cutouts (4), the process of their perception by patients is facilitated.

The process of employment with the use of additional cells-cutouts (4) is carried out similarly to the process of employment with the use of basic cells-cutouts (3).

After mastering the work with the "lattice simulator" under the guidance of a specialist, patients receive the opportunity to conduct independent group sessions, both in the clinic and after discharge, at home.

Thus, in the course of training with the “lattice simulator”, a variety of different objects, differing in size, can be used, each of which due to the peculiarities of its size and shape (requiring corresponding movements of the fingers when gripping, holding, etc.) contributes to the effectiveness of on the restoration of fine motor skills in patients with a neurological clinic.

The effectiveness of the use of the "trellis simulator" in the course of restoring fine motor skills and intellectual activity is connected with the fact that patients have the opportunity to perform actions with game elements in the form of a multitude of objects of various sizes, and these actions are not mechanical, routine (shifting objects from into place), and are included in the process of active gaming activities that maintain interest in classes and contribute to the restoration of intellectual activity awns.

Along with this, the effectiveness of the “lattice simulator” is also related to the fact that social factors influence the mental sphere of patients through the mechanisms of a small social group: interpersonal interaction, cooperation, cooperation, and competitiveness. In addition, it is important that in the case of a lack of motivation to practice in one patient, there is an incentive to practice on the part of another patient.

Along with the lessons on the restoration of fine motor skills and intellectual activity in patients of the neurological clinic, the "lattice trainer" can be effectively used in the following cases:

a) when conducting classes on the restoration of fine motor skills of the hands that are disturbed due to various other diseases, for example, injuries, the effects of surgical operations, etc .;

b) during remedial developmental activities with children who have impaired formation of fine motor skills and intellectual activity;

c) when conducting neurocognitive training with people of elderly and senile age;

d) as a simulator that promotes the development of intellectual activity in healthy children.

Thus, “Lattice simulator with two types of cells for group classes on the restoration of fine motor skills and intellectual activity in patients of the neurological clinic” provides the convenience and comfort of group classes on the simultaneous restoration of fine motor skills and intellectual activity through the use of game elements, in the form of items of different sizes, placed in two types of cutouts.

The use of a “lattice simulator” introduces a novelty element into the process of rehabilitation classes with patients, making them an exciting and interesting training for patients.

Claims (3)

1. Lattice simulator with two types of cells for group classes on the restoration of fine motor skills and intellectual activity in patients of the neurological clinic, characterized by the fact that it contains a square-shaped base lattice with plastic, with a beveled corners along the perimeter of which forms a border the working surface in which the through-cut cells of two types are made: main and additional, which are designed to accommodate in them game elements that differ in size ; moreover, the main cutouts have the shape of regular octagons and a larger size as compared with additional cutouts having the shape of regular quadrangles; the main cells-cuts are located in horizontal and vertical rows, each of which contains the same number of main cells-cuts, and additional cell-cuts are located on the working surface between the horizontal and vertical rows of the main cells-cuts. 2. Lattice simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the total number of basic cutouts can be 16, 25 or 36 pieces. 3. Lattice simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the width of the jumpers between the main cell-cutouts, as well as the main and additional cell-cutouts are the same.

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