RU174180U1 - The simulator for classes on the restoration of visual perception and memory in patients of a neurological clinic by completing image fragments - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model “A simulator for restoration of visual perception and memory in patients of a neurological clinic by drawing fragments of images” relates to medicine, to the section of neurology and neuropsychology, and can be used in neurorehabilitation departments of neurological and neurosurgical clinics during and to restore visual perception and visual memory in patients with a neurological clinic with organic lesions of the brain. The proposed device contains a rectangular base made of plastic (1) 2-4 mm thick, along the perimeter of which there are plastic collars (2) that form a cavity (3) on the base (1) of the device, with sizes from 241 × 320 to 257 × 340 mm, which is designed for placing a printed sheet (10) with an image (11) of subject or subject pictures in it, while a transparent plate (5) with dimensions equal to the dimensions of the cavity (3) is movably fixed to the upper part of the base (1) of the device by means of a swivel (4) ), and on the surface of the transparent plate (5), are made of pupil plastic projections (6) with a width of 4-8 mm and a height of 1-3 mm, forming on the surface of a transparent plate (5) twelve square cells-recesses (7) of 75 × 75 mm in size, which are designed to accommodate standard paper stackers (12) for taking notes, while magnetic locks are mounted in the lower corners of the base (1) of the device and the transparent plate (5), and the handle (9) is fixed on the lower side of the transparent plate (5). The proposed “Trainer for the restoration of visual perception and memory in patients with neurological clinics and by completing image fragments ”allows for quick and easy formation of tasks for completing images of various degrees of difficulty with the possibility of convenient self-testing of the correctness of completed tasks, as well as the possibility of conducting long courses of restoration of visual perception and visual memory in patients of a neurological clinic due to the repeated use of printed material. Along with this, this device can be widely used in various fields of medicine, pedagogy and practical psychology.

Description

This useful model relates to medicine, to the section of neurology and neuropsychology, and can be used in neurorehabilitation departments of neurological and neurosurgical clinics when conducting classes to restore visual perception and visual memory in patients with a neurological clinic with organic brain lesions.

Violation of the processes of visual perception and visual memory occurs in patients of a neurological clinic with lesions of the occipital departments of the cerebral cortex of various origins.

Visual perception and visual memory are interconnected mental processes that characterize the work of the visual analyzer at the gnostic and mnestic level.

Currently, one of the effective simulators for the classes on the development and restoration of visual perception and visual memory are printed sheets containing images with undeveloped parts that need to be finished, resulting in complete images.

This is the famous simulator in which misprinted images of various animals are located on a printed sheet, which must be identified and then drawn up to complete images (Developing Perception, ed. “Pink Elephant”, Kostroma, 2015, p. 5).

The disadvantages of this simulator when using it during classes to restore visual perception and visual memory in patients with a neurological clinic are:

a) the possibility of only one use of the printed sheet of the simulator, since even when painting the images with a pencil and then erasing with an eraser, traces remain on the sheet of paper;

b) the impossibility of changing the degree of complexity of the tasks presented to the patient, since the patient can draw only that fragment of the image that is initially absent on the printed sheet of paper presented to him;

c) the difficulty of completing the drawing of images by patients with severe visual memory impairment, since the process of drawing is carried out without presenting a sample that allows you to "revive" the images of memory;

d) the impossibility of verifying the correctness of the task, since this simulator does not contain ready-made images that the patient must finish;

e) insufficient number of printed sheets of the simulator with tasks for drawing images during long courses of rehabilitation training.

A simulator is also known in which printed sheets represent images divided by horizontal and vertical lines into 63 cells (7 × 9), among which there are empty cells in which fragments of the image are missing. During classes with this simulator, it is necessary to finish the fragments of images in empty cells (We write by cells and dots. - Moscow: Publishing House ACT, 2016. - pp. 11, 33, 40).

This simulator differs from the one described above in that the missing image fragments are located in small cells, so their completion is greatly facilitated by the presence of image fragments in neighboring cells, which facilitate the restoration and completion of the missing image fragment.

Otherwise, this simulator has all the disadvantages of the simulator described above.

Along with the simulators discussed above, for working with visual perception and visual memory, there are printed simulators based on drawing up the missing image fragment based on the sample.

So, a simulator is known, which is a printed sheet containing images that are divided into fragments of a square shape. At the same time, one of the fragments is missing, and several fragments of the image are located next to the image, among which the student needs to find the missing fragment, then draw it on the image and color it (Merry brush. Educational copy-book, Sibillina Publishing House, Minsk, 2011 ., p. 13).

In contrast to the simulators described above, a fragment of the image is presented to the student in this simulator, which he must further draw, so this task is more accessible for patients with visual impairment and visual memory impairment.

The disadvantages of this simulator when using it during classes to restore visual perception and visual memory in patients with a neurological clinic are:

a) the possibility of only one use of the printed sheet of the simulator, since even when painting the images with a pencil and then erasing with an eraser, traces remain on the sheet of paper;

b) the impossibility of changing the degree of complexity of the tasks presented to the patient, since the patient can draw only that fragment of the image that is initially absent on the printed sheet of the simulator presented to him;

c) the need to close adjacent fragments when completing a patient's image from memory;

d) insufficient number of printed sheets of the simulator with tasks during long courses of rehabilitation training.

In order to overcome the above drawbacks, a "simulator for training to restore visual perception and memory in patients of a neurological clinic by drawing additional image fragments" was developed

The tasks to be solved by the claimed technical solution is to provide opportunities:

a) changes in the degree of complexity of the tasks presented to the patient due to the choice for drawing fragments of different complexity, as well as the number of fragments of the image that the patient should draw;

b) easy self-testing for patients of the correctness of the assignment by comparing fragments of the image drawn to the patient with the full image;

c) repeated use of printed materials of the simulator, allowing for long-term courses of rehabilitation training.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is to expand the functionality of printing simulators, based on the completion of image fragments, provided by the structural elements of the device, which allow for quick and easy formation of tasks for completing images of varying degrees of complexity with the possibility of convenient self-testing of the correctness of the tasks, as well as the possibility of long courses of restoration of visual perception and visual memory b ial neurological clinic due to repeated use of the printing material.

This technical result is achieved due to the fact that the device contains a rectangular base made of plastic with a thickness of 2-4 mm, along the perimeter of which there are plastic collars that form a cavity with sizes from 241 × 320 to 257 × 340 mm on the device’s base, which is designed to be placed it contains a printed sheet with the image of subject or plot pictures, while a plastic transparent plate with dimensions of about the size of the cavity, and on the surface of the transparent plate made of transparent plastic protrusions with a width of 4-8 mm and a height of 1-3 mm, forming on the surface of the transparent plate twelve square cells-recesses with a size of 75 × 75 mm, designed to accommodate standard paper stickers for notes of the appropriate size, while magnetic locks are mounted in the lower corners of the base of the device and the transparent plate, and a handle is fixed on the lower side of the transparent plate.

In a preferred embodiment of the device, the plastic collars located around the perimeter of the rectangular base have a height of 2-4 mm and a width of 6-10 mm.

In a preferred embodiment, the depth of the cavity is equal to the height of the beads.

In a preferred embodiment, the thickness of the transparent plate is equal to the height of the beads.

In a preferred embodiment of the device, letters and numbers are indicated along the perimeter of the transparent plate indicating cell recesses.

The essence of the "simulator for classes to restore visual perception and memory in patients of a neurological clinic by drawing fragments of images" is illustrated by the drawings, which depict:

In FIG. 1 - general view of the simulator;

In FIG. 2 - a simulator with a printed sheet with an image installed in it;

In FIG. 3 - a simulator with a printed sheet installed in it with the image and part of the cells-recesses closed stackers;

In FIG. 4 and 5 are examples of printed sheets with images of varying degrees of complexity.

The proposed device (see Fig. 1) consists of a rectangular base made of plastic (1) 2-4 mm thick, along the perimeter of which are plastic collars (2) 2-4 mm high and 6-10 mm wide, which are formed on the base (1) device cavity (3), sizes from 241 × 320 to 257 × 340 mm, and a depth equal to the height of the forming collars (2).

This cavity (3) is intended for the location of the printed sheet (10) in it during the lessons (see Fig. 2).

A transparent plate (5) made of plastic is movably fixed to the upper part of the base (1) of the device by means of a swivel joint (4), the dimensions of which are equal to the dimensions of the cavity (3), and the thickness is equal to the height of the shoulders (2).

On the upper surface of the transparent plate (5), protrusions (6) made of transparent plastic 4-8 mm wide and 1-3 mm high are made of transparent plastic, forming on the surface of the transparent plate (5) twelve square cells-recesses (7) the size of each of which is 75 × 75 mm, and the depth is equal to the height of the protrusions (6).

These recess cells (7) are intended for placement (by gluing) in them standard paper stickers (12) for notes, which are paper sheets of 75 × 75 mm in size with a strip of adhesive layer, which are easily attached to any smooth surface without leaving remove traces of adhesive, for example, Kores stickers (Shop Profit, Kores Stackers, 75 × 75 mm, found on the Internet at http://www.shop-profit.ru/shop/ofisnye-prinadlezhnosti/bumaga-dlya-zametok / blok-kubiki-dlya-zametok-s-kleykim-kraem / show78133 /? r1 = yandext & r2 = & ymclid = 847429886017428685000009).

The stackers (12) placed in the recesses (7) of the transparent plate (5) (see Fig. 3) perform the following functions:

a) close certain fragments of the image (11) of the printed sheet (10) located in the cavity (3);

b) serve as the material basis on which the patient performs the task of completing the fragments of this image with a pen or pencil (11).

Forming cell-recesses (7) protrusions (6) perform the following functions:

a) protect the stacker from damage and tearing, by restricting the movement of the pen or pencil, not allowing the patient to extend beyond the surface of the stacker when drawing a fragment of the image (12), so when the edges of the paper sticker (12) are touched with a pen or pencil, it can happen crushing or tearing off the surface of the transparent plate (5);

b) facilitate the patient’s process of completing image fragments (11) with adjacent recess cells (7) closed by stackers (12), since small image fragments (11) are visible through transparent protrusions (6), which are an additional support when completing image drawing;

c) they allow stackers (12) to be placed in strictly defined places of the transparent plate (5), which makes it possible to compare the results of drawing the same image fragment (11) obtained at different stages of rehabilitation training in order to assess the dynamics of restoration of visual perception and visual memory .

Along the perimeter of the transparent plate (5) there are letters and numbers (see Fig. 1) indicating the cell-recesses (7) as follows: on the wide sides of the transparent plate (5) the letters “A”, “B”, “C” are applied, "G" and for narrow - the numbers "1", "2", "3". Thus, each cell-recess (7) is indicated by a certain combination of letters and numbers, for example, "A2" or "B4".

In the lower corners of the base (1) of the device and the transparent plate (5), magnetic locks (8) are mounted, providing a rigid fixation of the printed sheet (10) with the image (11) in the device. To ensure the lifting of the transparent plate (7) during classes with the device, a handle (9) is fixed on its lower side.

The printed sheets (10) inserted into the device (see FIGS. 4 and 5) can contain various images (11) in the form of subject and plot pictures of varying degrees of complexity, determined by the number of elements that comprise them. The dimensions of the printed sheets (10) correspond to the size of the cavity (3). Each printed sheet (10) has its own serial number (not shown in the figures).

The "Trainer for classes on the restoration of visual perception and memory in patients of a neurological clinic by completing image fragments" works as follows:

Before starting classes to restore visual perception and visual memory, the specialist selects a printed sheet (10) for the patient containing an image (11) of the required degree of complexity, depending on the patient's condition.

Next, the specialist lifts the transparent plate (5) by the handle (9) and installs a printed sheet (10) with the image (11) into the cavity (3) and lowers the transparent plate (5) into the cavity (3), as a result of which the printed sheet (10) ) is rigidly fixed in the device by means of magnetic locks (8) built into the transparent plate (5) and the lower part of the base (1) of the device.

As a result of applying a transparent plate (5) to the printing sheet (10), the cell-recesses (7) divide the entire image (11) into separate fragments.

During classes with the device, the patient is given options for tasks that can vary in degree of difficulty, depending on the stage of rehabilitation education:

1) remember a separate fragment of the image (11) indicated by a specialist;

2) remember several fragments of the image (11) indicated by a specialist;

3) remember the presented image (11) as a whole.

In the first and second options, tasks are easier, since the patient remembers one or more image fragments indicated by the specialist

(11), which will be further sealed with stackers (12). and in the third option, it’s more complicated, because the patient does not know which fragments of the image (11) will be sealed with glasses (12) by a specialist.

Next, the specialist glues the required number of stickers (12) onto the surface of the cell-recesses (7), after which the patient is given the task of drawing “from memory” on the surface of each of the glued stickers (12) the fragment of the image to be closed (11).

If the patient has difficulty completing any image fragment (11), the transparent plate (5) can be lifted by the handle (9) to provide additional viewing for the patient image (11).

After the patient has completed the drawing of the image fragments (11) on all the glasses (12), the specialist applies numbers to them according to the numbers of the recesses (7), sequentially removes the used glasses (12) from the recesses (7) of the transparent plate (5) and monitors the correctness of the assignment to patients. To this end, the specialist locates the removed stackers (12) next to the corresponding image fragments (11) and discusses with the patient the mistakes made during the drawing.

After that, all used stackers (12) are pasted into the protocol of the restoration session, which also indicates the number of the printed sheet (10) with the image (11) and the errors made.

Thanks to this, it becomes possible to keep track of the results achieved by the patient in restoring visual perception and visual memory at different stages of training.

After removing all the stickers (12) from the recesses (7) of the transparent plate (5), the specialist lifts the transparent plate (5) by the handle (9) and removes the printed sheet (10) with the image (11) from the cavity (3).

Along with the use of the proposed device for classes to restore visual perception and visual memory in patients with a neurological clinic, it can also be used for the following purposes:

1. When conducting correctional and developmental classes with children who have problems in the development of visual perception, memory, attention, fine motor skills;

2. As an exciting educational game that facilitates learning to draw healthy children;

3. When conducting neurocognitive trainings with people of advanced and senile age with visual impairment and visual memory impairment;

4. As a simulator that facilitates teaching drawing to adults who want to learn how to draw.

Thus, the proposed “simulator” helps to increase the efficiency of the process of restoring visual perception and visual memory in patients of a neurological clinic due to the structural elements of the device, which allow for quick and easy formation of tasks for completing image fragments of varying degrees of complexity with the possibility of convenient self-testing of the correctness of the tasks performed, and also the possibility of holding long courses of restoration of visual perception and visual memory in patients of a neurological clinic due to repeated use of printed material. Along with this, this device can be widely used in various fields of medicine, pedagogy and practical psychology.

Claims (5)

1. A simulator for training to restore visual perception and memory in patients of a neurological clinic by completing image fragments, characterized in that it contains a rectangular base made of plastic 2-4 mm thick, along the perimeter of which there are plastic collars that form a cavity with dimensions from 241 × 320 to 257 × 340 mm, which is designed to accommodate a printed sheet with an image of subject or subject pictures, with the top of the base of the devices and by means of a hinge, a plastic transparent plate is movably fixed, the dimensions of which are equal to the dimensions of the cavity, and on the surface of the transparent plate, projections of 4-8 mm wide and 1-3 mm high are made of transparent plastic, forming on the surface of the transparent plate twelve square cells-recesses with a size of 75 × 75 mm, designed to accommodate standard paper stackers for notes of the appropriate size, while magnetically mounted in the lower corners of the base of the device and the transparent plate locks, and a handle is attached to the underside of the transparent plate. 2. The simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the plastic beads located around the perimeter of the rectangular base have a height of 2-4 mm and a width of 6-10 mm. 3. The simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the depth of the cavity is equal to the height of the shoulders. 4. The simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the transparent plate is equal to the height of the beads. 5. The simulator according to Claim. 1, characterized in that letters and numbers representing cell recesses are applied along the perimeter of the transparent plate.

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