PT2904901T - Misturas fungicidas sinérgicas para controlo de fungos em cereais - Google Patents
Misturas fungicidas sinérgicas para controlo de fungos em cereais Download PDFInfo
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- PT2904901T PT2904901T PT151560661T PT15156066T PT2904901T PT 2904901 T PT2904901 T PT 2904901T PT 151560661 T PT151560661 T PT 151560661T PT 15156066 T PT15156066 T PT 15156066T PT 2904901 T PT2904901 T PT 2904901T
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- synergistic
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- anamorph
- fungicidal
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- BLCKKNLGFULNRC-UHFFFAOYSA-L n,n-dimethylcarbamodithioate;nickel(2+) Chemical compound [Ni+2].CN(C)C([S-])=S.CN(C)C([S-])=S BLCKKNLGFULNRC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonylphenol Chemical class CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- WBTYBAGIHOISOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent-4-en-1-yl 2-[(2-furylmethyl)(imidazol-1-ylcarbonyl)amino]butanoate Chemical compound C1=CN=CN1C(=O)N(C(CC)C(=O)OCCCC=C)CC1=CC=CO1 WBTYBAGIHOISOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LKPLKUMXSAEKID-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentachloronitrobenzene Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1Cl LKPLKUMXSAEKID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- WLJVXDMOQOGPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 WLJVXDMOQOGPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XEBWQGVWTUSTLN-UHFFFAOYSA-M phenylmercury acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)O[Hg]C1=CC=CC=C1 XEBWQGVWTUSTLN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- IBSNKSODLGJUMQ-SDNWHVSQSA-N picoxystrobin Chemical compound CO\C=C(\C(=O)OC)C1=CC=CC=C1COC1=CC=CC(C(F)(F)F)=N1 IBSNKSODLGJUMQ-SDNWHVSQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005648 plant growth regulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 235000015497 potassium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011736 potassium bicarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrogencarbonate Chemical compound [K+].OC([O-])=O TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- STJLVHWMYQXCPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N propiconazole Chemical compound O1C(CCC)COC1(C=1C(=CC(Cl)=CC=1)Cl)CN1N=CN=C1 STJLVHWMYQXCPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- YRRBXJLFCBCKNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N prothiocarb Chemical compound CCSC(=O)NCCCN(C)C YRRBXJLFCBCKNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- USPWKWBDZOARPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrazolidine Chemical compound C1CNNC1 USPWKWBDZOARPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003811 pyrithione disulfide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052903 pyrophyllite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XRJLAOUDSILTFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyroquilon Chemical compound O=C1CCC2=CC=CC3=C2N1CC3 XRJLAOUDSILTFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003856 quaternary ammonium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- MRUMAIRJPMUAPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinolin-8-ol;sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O.C1=CN=C2C(O)=CC=CC2=C1 MRUMAIRJPMUAPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WRPIRSINYZBGPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinoxyfen Chemical compound C1=CC(F)=CC=C1OC1=CC=NC2=CC(Cl)=CC(Cl)=C12 WRPIRSINYZBGPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- NMFAMPYSJHIYMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N s-ethyl n-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]carbamothioate;hydrochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCSC(=O)NCCC[NH+](C)C NMFAMPYSJHIYMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WKEDVNSFRWHDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylanilide Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)NC1=CC=CC=C1 WKEDVNSFRWHDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950000975 salicylanilide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HCJLVWUMMKIQIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2,3,4,5,6-pentachlorophenolate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C1=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1Cl HCJLVWUMMKIQIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- PUYXTUJWRLOUCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N spiroxamine Chemical compound O1C(CN(CC)CCC)COC11CCC(C(C)(C)C)CC1 PUYXTUJWRLOUCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004546 suspension concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011885 synergistic combination Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002641 tar oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003505 terpenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000007586 terpenes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- YFNCATAIYKQPOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiophanate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OCC YFNCATAIYKQPOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ILERPRJWJPJZDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N thioquinox Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N=C(SC(=S)S3)C3=NC2=C1 ILERPRJWJPJZDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 231100000167 toxic agent Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003852 triazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JLGLQAWTXXGVEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol monomethyl ether Chemical compound COCCOCCOCCO JLGLQAWTXXGVEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DBXFMOWZRXXBRN-LWKPJOBUSA-N valifenalate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)NC(CC(=O)OC)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 DBXFMOWZRXXBRN-LWKPJOBUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004562 water dispersible granule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- NDKWCCLKSWNDBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;dioxido(dioxo)chromium Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O NDKWCCLKSWNDBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/64—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/647—Triazoles; Hydrogenated triazoles
- A01N43/653—1,2,4-Triazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2,4-triazoles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom six-membered rings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/34—Nitriles
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/48—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/50—1,3-Diazoles; Hydrogenated 1,3-diazoles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/48—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/54—1,3-Diazines; Hydrogenated 1,3-diazines
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/48—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/56—1,2-Diazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2-diazoles
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/64—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having no bond to a nitrogen atom
- A01N47/06—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having no bond to a nitrogen atom containing —O—CO—O— groups; Thio analogues thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/10—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof
- A01N47/24—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof containing the groups, or; Thio analogues thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having a double or triple bond to nitrogen, e.g. cyanates, cyanamides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D405/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D405/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings
- C07D405/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D405/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D405/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing three or more hetero rings
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Description
DESCRIÇÃO
" MISTURAS FUNGICIDAS SINÉRGICAS PARA CONTROLO DE FUNGOS EM CEREAIS" Âmbito da Invenção
Esta invenção refere-se a uma composição fungicida contendo (a) um composto de Fórmula I, II, III, IV ou V e (b) pelo menos um fungicida selecionado a partir do grupo que consiste em azoxistrobina e piraclostrobina.
Antecedentes da Invenção
Os fungicidas são compostos, de origem natural ou sintética, que atuam para proteger as plantas contra danos causados por fungos. Os métodos atuais de agricultura dependem fortemente do uso de fungicidas. De facto, algumas culturas não podem ser cultivadas de forma útil sem o uso de fungicidas. 0 uso de fungicidas permite que um produtor aumente o rendimento e a qualidade da cultura, e consequentemente, aumente o valor da cultura. Na maior parte das situações, o aumento de valor da cultura vale pelo menos três vezes o custo do uso do fungicida.
No entanto, nenhum fungicida é útil em todas as situações e a utilização repetida de um único fungicida conduz frequentemente ao desenvolvimento de resistência a esse fungicida e aos relacionados. Consequentemente, estão a ser conduzidas pesquisas para produzir fungicidas e combinações de fungicidas que sejam mais seguros, que tenham melhor desempenho, que exijam doses mais baixas, que sejam mais fáceis de usar e que sejam mais baratos. 0 sinergismo ocorre quando a atividade de dois ou mais compostos excede as atividades dos compostos quando usados sozinhos. Misturas sinergisticas de picolinamidas e um segundo composto selecionado de, entre outros, epoxiconazole são descritos num contributo anónimo intitulado "Synergistic Fungicidal Compositions of Heterocyclic Aromatic Amides e Triazoles", publicado em IP.COM em 20 de julho, 2004.
Misturas fungicidas de picolinamidas e um segundo composto selecionado de, entre outros, azoxistrobina, são descritos num contributo anónimo intitulado "Fungicidal Mixtures", publicado em IP.COM em 05 de julho, 2005.
Sumário da Invenção É um objeto desta invenção proporcionar composições sinérgicas que compreendem compostos fungicidas. É um objeto adicional desta invenção proporcionar processos que utilizam essas composições sinérgicas. As composições sinérgicas são capazes de prevenir ou tratar, ou ambas, doenças causadas por fungos das classes Ascomycetes e Basidiomycetes. Além disso, as composições sinérgicas têm uma eficácia melhorada contra os patogénios Ascomycete e Basidiomycete, incluindo mancha da folha e ferrugem castanha do trigo. De acordo com esta invenção, as composições sinérgicas são fornecidas juntamente com métodos para a sua utilização.
Descrição pormenorizada da invenção A presente invenção diz respeito a misturas fungicidas sinérgicas que compreendem uma quantidade fungicida eficiente de (a) um composto de Fórmula I, II, III, IV ou V, e (b) pelo menos um fungicida selecionado a partir do grupo que consiste em azoxistrobina e piradostrobina.
Azoxistrobina é o nome comum para (aE)-2—[ [6— (2 — cianofenoxi)-4-pirimidinil]oxi]-a-(metoximetileno) Benzenoacetato de metilo. A sua atividade fungicida é descrita em The Pesticide Manual, Décima Quarta Edição, 2006. A azoxistrobina controla uma variedade de agentes patogénicos a taxas de aplicação compreendidas entre 100 e 375 gramas/hectare (g/ha).
Piraclostrobina é o nome comum para [2— [ [ [1— (4 — clorofenil)-lH-pirazol-3-il]oxi]metil]fenil] metoxicarba-mato de metilo. A sua atividade fungicida é descrita em The Pesticide Manual, Décima Quarta Edição, 2006. A piraclostrobina controla o principais agentes patogénicos de plantas, tais como Septoria tritici, Puccinia spp., Drechslera tritici-repentis e Pyrenophora teres em cereais.
Na composição desta invenção, a proporção em peso dos compostos de Fórmula I-V para azoxistrobina à qual o efeito fungicida é sinérgico encontra-se dentro da gama de entre cerca de 1:10 e cerca de 10:1. A proporção em peso dos compostos de Fórmula I-V para piraclostrobina à qual o efeito fungicida é sinérgico encontra-se dentro da gama de entre cerca de 1:10 e cerca de 10:1. A taxa à qual a composição sinérgica é aplicada dependerá do tipo particular de fungo a ser controlado, o grau de controlo exigido e da altura e método de aplicação. Em geral, a compoição da invenção pode ser aplicada a uma taxa de aplicação desde entre cerca de 65 gramas por hectare (g/ha) e cerca de 2300 g/ha com base na quantidade total de componentos ativos na composição. A azoxistrobina é aplicada a uma taxa de entre cerca de 50 g/ha e cerca de 250 g/ha e o composto de Fórmula I-V é aplicado a uma taxa entre cerca de 35 g/ha e cerca de 300 g/ha. A piraclostrobina é aplicada a uma taxa entre cerca de 50 g/ha e cerca de 250 g/ha e o composto de Fórmula I-V é aplicada a uma taxa entre cerca de 35 g/ha e cerca de 300 g/ha.
Os componentes da mistura sinergética da presente invenção podem ser aplicados ou separadamente ou como parte de um sistema fungicida multipartes. A mistura sinergética da presente invenção pode ser aplicada em conjunto com um ou mais de outros fungicidas para controlar uma mais vasta variedade de doenças indesejadas. Quando usado em conjunto com outro(s) fungicida (s), os compostos presentemente reivindicados podem ser formulados com o outro (s) fungicida(s), misturados em tanque com o outro fungicida(s) ou aplicados sequencialmente com o outro fungicida(s). Esses outros fungicidss podem incluir 2-(tiocianatometiltio)-benzo-tiazole, 2-fenilfenol, sulfato de 8-hidroxiquinolina, ame-toctradina, amisulbromo, antimicina, Ampelomyces quisqua-lis, azaconazole, azoxistrobina, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus subtilis estirpe QST713, benalaxilo, benomil, bentiavalicarbisopropilo, sal benzilaminobenzeno-sulfonato (BABS), bicarbonatos, bifenil, bismertiazol, bitertanol, bixafeno, blasticidina-S, borax, Mistura Bordalesa, boscalida, bromuconazole, bupirimato, polissulfureto de cálcio, captafol, captano, carbendazima, carboxina, carpropamida, carvona, clazafenona, cloroneb, clorotalonil, clozolinato, Coniothyrium minitans, hidróxido de cobre, octanoato de cobre, oxicloreto de cobre, sulfato de cobre, sulfato de cobre (tribásico), óxido cuproso, ciazofamida, ciflufenamida, cimoxanilo, ciproconazole, ciprodinilo, dazomet, debacarb, etilenobis-(ditiocarbamato) de diamónio, diclofluanida, diclorofeno, diclocimet, diclomezina, diclorano, dietofencarb, difenoconazole, ião difenzoquato, diflumetorima, dimetomorf, dimoxistrobina, diniconazole, diniconazole-M, dinobutão, dinocap, difenilamina, ditianão, dodemorf, acetato de dodemorf, dodina, dodine de base livre, edifenfos, enestrobina, enestroburina, epoxico-nazole, etaboxame, etoxiquina, etridiazole, famoxadona, fenamidona, fenarimol, fenbuconazole, fenfurame, fenhe-xamida, fenoxanilo, fenpiclonilo, fenpropidina, fenpro-pimorfo, fenpirazamina, fentina, acetato de fentina, hidróxido de fentina, ferbame, ferimzona, fluaziname, fludioxonilo, flumorfo, fluopicolida, fluopirame, fluoro-imida, fluoxastrobina, fluquinconazole, flusilazole, flusulfamida, flutianilo, flutolanilo, flutriafol, fluxapiroxade, folpet, formaldeido, fosetil, fosetil-aluminio, fuberidazole, furalaxilo, furametpir, guazatina, acetatos de guazatina, GY-81, hexaclorobenzeno hexaco-nazole, himexazole, imazalilo, sulfato de imazalilo, imibenconazole, iminoctadina, triacetato de iminoctadina, tris(albesilato) iminoctadina, iodocarbo, ipconazole, ipfenpirazolone, iprobenfos, iprodione, iprovalicarbo, isoprotiolano, isopirazam, isotianilo, casugamicina, hidrato de cloridrato de casugamicina, cresoxima-metilo, laminarina, mancobre, mancozebe, mandipropamida, manebe, mefenoxame, mepanipirima, mepronil, meptil-dinocap, cloreto de mercúrio, óxido de mercúrio, cloreto de mercúrio, metalaxilo, metalaxilo-M, metame, metame-amónio, metame-potássio, metam-sódio, metconazole, metasulfocarb, iodero de metilo, isotiocianato de metilo, metirame, metominostrobina, metrafenona, mildiomicina, miclobutanilo, nabame, nitrotal-isopropilo, nuarimol, octilinona, ofurace, ácido oleico (ácidos gordos), orisastrobina, oxadixilo, oxina-cobre, fumarato de oxpoconazole, oxicarboxina, pefurazoato, penconazole, pencicurão, penflufeno, penta-clorofenol, laurato de pentaclorofenilo, pentiopirade, acetato de fenilmercúrio, ácido fosfónico, ftalida, pico-xistrobina, polioxina B, polioxinas, polioxorima, bicarbonato de potássio, hidroxiquinolina sulfato de potássio, probenazole, procloraz, procimidona, propamocarb, hidro-cloreto de propamocarbe, propiconazole, propinebe, proqui- nazida, protioconazole, piraclostrobina, pirametostrobina, piraoxistrobina, pirazofos, piribencarbe, piributicarbe, pirifenox, pirimetanilo, piriofenona, piroquilona, quinoclamina, quinoxifeno, quintozeno, extrato de Reynoutria sachalinensis, sedaxano, siltiofame, simeco-nazole, 2-fenilfenóxido de sódio, bicarbonato de sódio, pentaclorofenóxido de sódio, espiroxamina, enxofre, SYP-Z048, óleos de alcatrão, tebuconazole, tebufloquina, tecnazeno, tetraconazole, tiabendazole, tifluzamida, tiofa-nato-metilo, tirame, tiadinilo, tolclofos-metilo, tolil-fluanida, triadimefão, triadimenol, triazóxido, tricicla-zole, tridemorfo, trifloxistrobina, triflumizole, trifo-rinea, triticonazole, validamicina, valifenalato, valifenal, vinclozolina, zineb, zirame, zoxamida, Candida oleophila, Fusarium oxysporum, Gliocladium spp., Phlebiopsis gigantea, Streptomyces griseoviridis, Trichoderma spp., (RS)-N-(3,5-diclorofenil)-2-(metoxi-metil)-succinimida, 1,2-dicloropropano, hidrato de 1,3-dicloro-1,1,3,3-tetrafluoroacetona, l-cloro-2,4-dinitro-naftaleno, l-cloro-2-nitropropano, 2- (2-heptadecil-2-imidazolin-l-il)etanol, 1,1,4,4-tetraóxido de 2,3-dihidro- 5-fenil-l,4-diti-ina, acetato de 2-metoxietilmercúrio, cloreto de 2-metoxietilmercúrio, silicato de 2-metoxietilmercúrio, 3-(4-clorofenil)-5-metilrodanina, 4—(2— nitroprop-l-enil)fenil tiocianateme, ampropilfos, anila-zina, azitirame, polissulfureto de bário, Bayer 32394, benodanilo, benquinox, bentalurão, benzamacril; benzama-cril-isobutilo, benzamorfo, binapacrilo, sulfato de bis(metilmercúrio), óxido de bis (tributiltina), butiobato, sulfato cromato de cádmio cálcio cobre e zinco, carbamorf, CECA, clobentiazona, cloraniformetano, clorfenazole, clor-quinox, climbazole, bis(3-fenilsalicilato) de cobre, cromato de cobre e zinco, cufraneb, sulfato de hidrazinio cúprico, cuprobam, ciclafuramida, cipendazole, ciprofurame, decafentina, diclona, diclozolina, diclobutrazol, dimeti-rimol, dinoctão, dinosulfão, dinoterbão, dipiritiona, ditalimfos, dodicina, drazoxolão, EBP, ESBP, etaconazole, eteme, etirima, fenaminosulfe, fenapanil, fenitropano, fluotrimazole, furcarbanilo, furconazole, furconazole-cis, furmeciclox, furofanato, gliodina, griseofulvina, halacrinato, Hercules 3944, hexiltiofos, ICIA0858, isopamfos, isovalediona, mebenil, mecarbinzid, metazoxo-lona, metfuroxam, diciandiamida de metilmercúrio, met-sulfovax, milnebe, anidrido mucoclórico, miclozolina, N- 3,5-diclorofenil-succinimida, N-3-nitrofenilitaconimida, natamicina, W-etilmercúrio-4-toluenesulfonanilida, bis(di-metilditiocarbamato) de níquel, OCH, fenilmercúrio dimetilditiocarbamato, nitrato de fenilmercúrio, fosdifeno, protiocarbe; hidrocloreto de protiocarb, piracarbolida, piridinitrilo, piroxicloro, piroxifur, quinacetol; sulfato de quinacetol, quinazamida, quinconazole, rabenzazole, salicilanilida, SSF-109, sultropeno, tecorame, tiadiflúor, ticiofeno, tioclorfenfima, tiofanato, tioquinox, tioximida, triamifos, triarimol, triazbutil, triclamida, urbacida, zarilamida, e quaisquer composições destes.
As composições da presente invenção são preferecialmente aplicadas na forma de uma formulação compreendendo uma composição de (a) um composto de Fórmula I e (b) pelo menos um fungicida selecionado a partir do grupo que consiste em azoxistrobina e piraclostrobina, juntamente com um transportador fitologicamente aceitável.
As formulações concentradas podem ser dispersadas em água, ou noutro liquido, para aplicação, ou as formulações podem ser do tipo em pó ou em grânulos, as quais podem então ser aplicadas sem tratamento adicional. As formulações são preparadas de acordo com procedimentos que são convencionais na técnica de quimica agricola, mas que são novos e importantes devido à presença nelas de uma composição sinérgica.
As formulações que são aplicadas na maioria das vezes são suspensões ou emulsões aquosas. Tais formulações solúveis em água, suspendiveis em água ou emulsionáveis são sólidas, geralmente conhecidas como pós molháveis, ou liquidas, geralmente conhecidas como concentrados emulsionáveis, suspensões aquosas, ou concentrados para suspensão. A presente invenção contempla todos os veículos com os quais as composições sinérgicas podem ser formuladas para aplicação e uso como um fungicida.
Como será prontamente apreciado, pode ser usado qualquer material ao qual estas composições sinérgicas podem ser adicionadas, desde que produzam a utilidade desejada sem interferência significativa com a atividade destas composições sinérgicas como agentes antifúngicos. Pós molháveis, que podem ser compactados para formar grânulos dispersíveis em água, compreendem uma mistura intima da composição sinérgica, um transportador e tensoativos agricolamente aceitáveis. A concentração da composição sinérgica no pó molhável é usualmente desde cerca de 10% até cerca de 90% em peso, mais preferencialmente cerca de 25% até cerca de 75% em peso, com base no peso total da formulação. Na preparação das formulações de pós molháveis, a composição sinérgica pode ser composta com qualquer dos sólidos finamente divididos, tais como pirofilita, talco, giz, gipsita, terra de Fuller, bentonite, atapulgite, amido, caseína, glúten, argilas de montmorilonite, terras de diatomáceas, silicatos purificados ou os afins. Em tais operações, o transportador finamente dividido é moído ou misturado com a composição sinérgica num solvente orgânico volátil. Tensoativos eficientes, compreendendo desde cerca de 0,5% até cerca de 10% em peso do pó molhável, incluem ligninas sulfonadas, naftalenosulfonatos, alquilbenzenesulfonatos, alquil sulfatos, e tensoativos não iónicos, tais como aductos de óxido de etileno de alquil fenóis.
Concentrados para emulsão da composição sinérgica compreendem uma concentração conveniente, tal como desde cerca de 10% até cerca de 50% em peso, num líquido adequado, com base no peso total da formulação do concentrado para emulsão. Os componentes das composições sinérgicas, juntos ou separadamente, são dissolvidos num transportador, o qual é ou um solvente miscível em água ou uma mistura de solventes orgânicos imisciveis em água, e emulsionantes. Os concentrados podem ser diluídos com água e óleo para formar misturas de pulverização sob a forma de emulsões de óleo em água. Solventes orgânicos úteis incluem aromáticos, especialmente o naftalénico de elevado ponto de ebulição e porções olefínicas de petróleo tais como nafta aromática pesada. Outros solventes orgânicos podem também ser usados, tais como, por exemplo, solventes terpénicos, incluindo derivados de resina, cetonas alifáticas, tais como ciclohexanona, e álcoois complexos, tais como 2-etoxietanol.
Emulsionantes que podem ser aqui vantajoamente empregues podem ser rapidamente determinada pelos espedialistas na técnica e incluem vários emulsionantes amfotéricos não iónicos, aniónicos, catiónicos e, ou uma mistura de dois ou mais emulsionantes. Exemplos de emulsionantes não iónicos úteis na preparação de concentrados para emulsão incluem os éteres de polialquilenoglicol e produtos de condensação alquilo e aril fenóis, álcoois alifáticos, aminas alifáticas ou ácidos gordos com óxido de etileno, óxidos de propileno tais como os alquil fenóis etoxilados e ésteres carbo-xílicos solubilizados com o poliol ou polioxialquileno. Emulsionantes catiónicos incluem compostos de amónio quaternário e sais de amina gorda. Emulsionantes aniónicos incluem os sais solúveis em óleo (por exemplo, cálcio) de ácidos alquilaril sulfónicos, sais solúveis em óleo ou éteres de poliglicol sulfatados e sais apropriados de éter de poliglicol sulfatado. Líquidos orgânicos representativos que podem ser utilizados na preparação dos concentrados para emulsão da presente invenção são os líquidos aromáticos como xileno, as frações de propil benzeno, ou frações mistas de naftaleno, óeos minerais, líquidos orgânicos aromáticos substituídos tais como ftalato de dioctilo, querosene, dialquil amidas de vários ácidos gordos, particularmente as dimetil amidas de glicóis gordos e derivados de glicol tais como o éter n-butílico, éter etílico ou éter metílico de dietileno glicol, e o éter metílico de trietileno glicol. Misturas de dois ou mais líquidos orgânicos são também muitas vezes adequadamente empregues na preparação de concentrado para emulsão. Os líquidos orgânicos preferidos são xileno, e as frações de propil benzeno, com xileno são os mais preferidos. Os agentes de dispersaão de superfície são geralmente empregues em formulações líquidas e na quantidade de desde 0,1 até 20 porcento em peso do peso combinado do agente de dispersão com as composições sinérgicas. As formulações podem também conter outros aditivos compatíveis, por exemplo, reguladores de crescimento de plantas e outros compostos biologicamente ativos usados em agricultura.
Suspensões aquosas compreendem suspensões de um ou mais compostos insolúveis em água, dispersados num veículo aquoso a uma concentração no intervalo desde cerca de 5% até cerca de 70% em peso, com base no peso total da formulação de suspensão aquosa. As suspensões são preparadas por moagem fina dos componentes da combinação sinérgica em conjunto ou separadamente, e misturando vigorosamente o material moido num veiculo compreendendo água e tensioativos escolhidos entre os mesmos tipos acima discutidos. Outros componentes, tais como sais inorgânicos e gomas naturais ou sintéticas, pode também ser adicionado para aumentar a densidade e a viscosidade do veiculo aquoso. É frequentemente o mais eficiente moer e misturar ao mesmo tempo preparando a mistura aquosa e homogeneizando-a num implemento tal como um moinho de areia, moinho de bola, ou homogeneizador do tipo pistão. A composição sinérgica pode também ser aplicadas como uma formulação granular, a qual é particularmente útil para aplicações ao solo. Formulações granulares geralmente contêm desde cerca de 0,5% até cerca de 10% em peso dos compostos, com base no peso total da formulação granulada, dispersada num transportador que consiste inteiramente ou em grande parte de atapulgite, bentonite, diatomite, argila grosseiramente dividida ou uma substância semelhante de baixo custo. Estas formulações são geralmente preparadas dissolvendo a composição sinérgica num solvente adequado e aplicando-a a um transportador de grânulos o qual foi realizado com o tamanho de partícula apropriado, na gama de desde cerca de 0,5 até cerca de 3 mm. Essas formulações também podem ser preparadas fazendo uma massa ou pasta do transportador e a composição sinérgica, e esmagamento e secagem para obter a partícula granular desejada. Pós conendo a composição sinérgica são preparados simplesmente por mistura intima da composição sinérgica na forma de pó com um transportador em pó adequado para a agricultura, tal como, por exemplo, argila de caulino, terra de rocha vulcânica, e afins. Os pós podem adequadamente conter desde cerca de 1% até cerca de 10% em peso da composição da combinação sinérgica/transportador.
As formulações podem conter tensioativos adjuvantes agricolamente aceitáveis para aumentar a deposição, a molhagem e a penetração da composição sinérgica sobre a cultura e organismo alvo. Estes tensioativos adjuvantes podem opcionalmente ser utilizados como um componente da formulação ou como uma mistura de tanque. A quantidade do tensoativo adjuvante irá variar desde 0,01 porcento até 1,0 porcento volume/volume (v/v) com base num volume de pulverização em água, preferencialmente 0,05 até 0,5 porcento. Tensoativos adjuvantes adequados incluem nonilfenóis etoxilados, álcoois sintéticos ou naturais etoxilados, sais dos ésteres ou ácidos sulfónicos, organosilicones etoxilados, aminas gordas etoxiladas e misturas de tensoativos com óleos minerais ou vegetais.
As formulações podem opcionalmente incluir combinações que podem compreender pelo menos 1% em peso de uma ou mais das composições sinérgicas com outro composto pesticida. Esses composto pesticidas adicionais podem ser fungicidas, inseticidas, nematocidas, miticidas, artro-podicidas, bactericidas ou combinações destes que são compatíveis com as composições sinérgicas da presente invenção no meio selecionado para aplicação, e não antagonistas para a atividade dos presentes compostos. Em conformidade, em tais formas de realização, o outro composto pesticida é empregue como um tóxico suplementar para os mesmos ou para um uso pesticida diferente. 0 composto pesticida e a composição sinérgica pode geralmente ser misturada em conjunto numa proporção em peso de desde 1:100 até 100:1. A presente invenção inclui no seu âmbito métodos para o controlo ou a prevenção de ataque de fungos. Estes métodos compreendem a aplicação ao local do fungo, ou a um local em que a infestação deve ser prevenida (por exemplo aplicação a plantas de trigo ou de cevada), uma quantidade eficaz como fungicida da composição sinérgica. A composição sinérgica é adequada para o tratamento de várias plantas a níveis fungicidas, enquanto exibe uma baixa fitotoxicidade. A composição sinérgica é útil num modo de proteção ou erradicação. A composição sinérgica é aplicada por qualquer de uma diversidade de técnicas conhecidas, quer como composição sinérgica ou como uma formulação compreendendo a composição sinérgica. Por exemplo, as composições sinérgicas podem ser aplicadas às raízes, sementes ou folhagem das plantas para o controlo de vários fungos, sem prejudicar o valor comercial das plantas. A composição sinérgica é aplicada na forma de qualquer dos tipos de formulação geralmente usada, por exemplo, como soluções, pós, pós molháveis, concentrados fluidizáveis, ou concentrados para emulsão. Estes materiais são convenientemente aplicados em várias formas conhecidas. A composição sinérgica verificou-se ter efeito fungicida significativo, particularmente para uso agrícola. A composição sinérgica é particularmente eficiente para uso com culturas agrícolas e plantas hortículas, ou com madeira, tinta, couro ou forro de alcatifa.
Em particular, a composição sinérgica é eficiente no control de uma variedae dos fungos undesejáveis gue infetam as plantas de cultivo úteis. A composição sinérgica pode ser usada contra uma variedade de fungos Ascomycete e Basidiomycete, incluindo por exemplo as seguintes espécies de fungos representativos: ferrugem castanha do trigo (Puccinia recôndita; código da Bayer PUCCRT); estirpe de ferrugem do trigo (Puccinia striiformis; código da Bayer PUCCST); mancha da folha do trigo (Mycosphaerella graminicola; anamorfo: Septoria tritici; código da Bayer SEPTTR); mancha de gluma do trigo (Leptosphaeria nodorum; código da Bayer LEPTNO; anamorfo: Stagonospora nodorum); mancha da cevada (Cochliobolus sativum; Código da Bayer COCHSA; anamorfo: Helminthosporium sativum); cercosporiose da beterraba (Cercospora beticola; Código da Bayer CERCBE); mancha da folha do amendoim (Mycosphaerella arachidís; Código da Bayer MYCOAR; anamorfo: Cercospora arachidicola); antracnose do pepino (Glomerella lagenarium; anamorfo:
Colletotrichum lagenarium; Código da Bayer COLLLA) e doença da sigatoka negra da bananeira (Mycosphaerellafijiensis; Código da Bayer MYCOFI). Será entendido pelo especialistas na arte que a eficácia das composições sinérgicas para um ou mais dos fungos anteriores estabelece a utilidade geral das composições sinérgicas como fungicidas.
As composições sinérgicas têm uma ampla gama de eficácia como fungicidas. A quantidade de extrato da composição sinérgica a aplicar depende não somente das quantidades relativas dos componentes, mas também da ação especifica desejada, da espécie de fungos a controlar, e do estado do crescimento destes, assim como da parte da planta ou outro produto a ser contactado com a composição sinérgica. Portanto, as formulações que contêm a composição sinérgica podem não ser igualmente eficientes a concentrações similares ou contra as mesmas espécies de fungos.
As composições sinérgicas são eficientes no uso em plantas numa quantidade inibidora de doença e fitologicamente aceitável. 0 termo "quantidade inibidora de doença e fitologicamente aceitável" refere-se a uma quantidade da composição sinérgica que mata ou inibe a doença da planta para cujo control é desejada, mas não é significativamente tóxica para a planta. A concentração exata da composição sinérgica requerida varia com a doença fúngica a ser controlada, o tipo de formulação empregue, o método de aplicação, a espécie particular de planta, as condições climáticas, e afins.
As presentes composições podem ser aplicadas aos fungos ou ao seus locais através do uso de pulverizadores de solo convencionais, aplicações de grânulos, e por outros meios convencionais conhecidos dos especialistas na técnica.
Os seguintes exemplos são fornecidos para ilustrar adicionalmente a invenção.
Exemplos
Avaliação da atividade curativa e protetora das misturas de fungicidas vs. Mancha da Folha do Trigo (Mycosphaerella graminicola: anamorfo: Septoria tritici: Código da Bayer: SEPTTR)
Plantas de trigo (variedade Yuma) foram crescidas a partir de sementes numa estufa em vasos de plástico com uma área de superfície de 27,5 centímetros quadrados (cm2) contendo 50% de solo mineral/50% de mistura Metro sem solo, com 8-12 plântulas por vaso. As plantas foram usadas nos teste quando a primeira folha tinha emergido completamente, o que tipicamente levou 7 a 8 dias após a plantação. As plantas de teste foram inoculadas com uma suspensão aquosa de esporos de Septoria tritici ou 3 dias antes de (teste curativo de 3 dias) ou 1 dia após os tratamentos fungicidas (teste de proteção de 1 dia) . Após a inoculação as plantas foram mantidas com humidade relativa de 100% (um dia numa câmara de orvalho em escuro seguido por dois dias numa câmara de nebulização iluminada) para permitir que os esporos germinem e infetem a folha. As plantas foram depois transferidas para uma estufa para desenvolvimento da doença.
Avaliação da atividade curativa das misturas de fungicidas vs. Ferrugem Castanha do Trigo (Puccinia recôndita: Código da Bayer: PUCCRT)
Plântulas de trigo Yuma foram crescidas como acima descrito, e inoculadas com uma suspensão aquosa de esporos de Puccinia recôndita 3 dias antes ou 1 dia depois do tratamento fungicida. Após inoculação, as plantas foram mantidas em humidade relativa de 100% durante 24 horas numa câmara de orvalho em escuro para permitir que os esporos germinem e infetem as plantas. As plantas foram então transferidas para uma estufa para a doença se desenvolver.
Os tratamentos consistiram dos compostos fungicidas composto I, II, HI, IV, V, azoxistrobina e piraclostrobina, usados individualmente ou como uma mistura de duas vias com os compostos I-V. Graus técnicos dos materiais foram dissolvidos em acetona para fazer as soluções stock, as quais foram utilizadas para realizar diluições em acetona quer para cada componente fungicida individualmente ou para a mistura de duas vias. As taxas de fungicidas desejadas foram obtidas após misturar as diluições com 9 volumes de água contendo 110 partes por milhão (ppm) de Triton X-100. Vinte mililitros (mL) das soluções fungicidas foram aplicados nos 12 vasos de plantas usando um pulverizador de câmara automatizado, que utilizou dois bicos de pulverização 6218-1/4 JAUPM operando a 20 libras por polegada quadrada (psi) colocados em ângulos opostos para cobrir ambas as superficies das folhas. Todas as plantas pulverizadas foram deixadas secar ao ar antes de posterior manipulação. As plantas de controlo foram pulverizadas do mesmo modo com o branco com solvente.
Quando a doença se desenvolveu completamente nas plantas de controlo, os niveis de infeção foram avaliados visualmente nas plantas tratadas e pontuados numa escala de 0 até 100 porcento. As percentagem de controlo de doença foram então calculadas usando a proporção da doença nas plantas tratadas em relação às plantas de controlo. A equação de Colby foi usada para determinar os efeitos fungicidas esperados das misturas. (Ver Colby, S. R. Calculation of the synergistic e antagonistic response of herbicide combinations. Weeds 1967, 15, 20-22.). A seguinte equação foi utilizada para calcular a atividade esperada das misturas contendo dois componentes ativos, A e B:
Experado = A + B - (A x B/100) A = eficácia observada do componente ativo A na mesma concentração utilizada na mistura; B = eficácia observada do componente ativo B na mesma concentração utilizada na mistura.
As interações sinérgicas representativas são apresentadas nas Tabelas 1-12 a seguir. % CD Obs= Percentagem de controlo de doença observado % CD Exp= Percentagem de controlo de doença esperado Fator sinérgico = %CD Obs/% CD Exp
Tabela 1: Interações sinérgicas do composto I e outros fungicidas em testes curativos de 3 dias (3CD) de Septoria tritici (SEPTTR)
Tabela 2: Interações sinérgicas do composto I e outros
fungicidas em testes de proteção de 1 dia (1DP) SEPTTR
Tabela 3: Interações sinérgicas do composto I e outros fungicidas em testes 3CD de Puccinia recôndita (PUCCRT)
Tabela 5: Interações sinérgicas do composto II e outros
fungicidas em testes 1DP SEPTTR
Tabela 6: Interações sinérgicas do composto II e outros testes fungicidas 3CD SEPTTR
Tabela 7: Interações sinérgicas do composto III e outros fungicidas em testes 1DP SEPTTR
Tabela 8: Interações sinérgicas do composto III e outros fungicidas em testes 3DC SEPTTR
Tabela 10: Interações sinérgicas do composto IV e outros fungicidas em teste 3CD SEPTTR
Tabela 11:Interações sinérgicas do composto V e outros fungicidas em testes 1DP SEPTTR
Tabela 12: Interações sinérgicas do composto V e outros fungicidas em estes 3CD SEPTTR
Para todas as tabelas, % CD = % Controlo de doença Aspetos da invenção 1. Uma mistura fungicida sinérgica que compreende uma quantidade eficaz como fungicida de um composto de Fórmula I-V e pelo menos um fungicida selecionado a partir do grupo que consiste em azoxistrobina e piraclostrobina.
2. A mistura do Aspeto I em que a proporção em peso de Composto I-V para azoxistrobina é entre cerca de 1:10 e cerca de 10:1. 3. A mistura do Aspeto 1 em que a proporção em peso de Composto I-V para piraclostrobina é entre cerca de 1:10 e cerca de 10:1. 4. Uma composição funqicida que compreende uma quantidade eficaz como funqicida da mistura funqicida do Aspeto 1 e um adjuvante ou transportador aqricolamente aceitável.
Claims (9)
- REIVINDICAÇÕES1. Uma mistura fungicida sinérgica que compreende uma quantidade eficaz como fungicida de um composto de Fórmula I-V e pelo menos um fungicida selecionado a partir do grupo que consiste em azoxistrobina e piraclostrobina,
- 2. Mistura de acordo com a Reivindicação 1 na qual a proporção em peso do Composto I-V para azoxistrobina é entre 1:10 e 10:1.
- 3. Mistura de acordo com as Reivindicação 1 na qual a proporção em peso do Composto I-V para piraclostrobina é entre 1:10 e 10:1.
- 4. Uma composição fungicida que compreende uma quantidade eficaz como fungicida da mistura fungicida de acordo com a reivindicação 1 e um adjuvante ou transportador agricolamente aceitável.
- 5. Uso da mistura ou de uma composição de qualquer uma das reivindicações precedentes para controlar fungos que infetam culturas vegetais.
- 6. Uso de acordo com reivindicação 5 na qual os fungos são das classes Ascomycetes e Basidiomycetes.
- 7. Uso de acordo com reivindicação 5 na qual os fungos são selecionados a partir do grupo que consiste em ferrugem castanha do trigo (Puccinia recôndita; PUCCRT); Ferrugem amarela (Puccinia striiformis; PUCCST); mancha da folha do trigo (Mycosphaerella graminicola; anamorfo: Septoria tritici; SEPTTR); mancha de gluma do trigo (Leptosphaeria nodorum; LEPTNO; anamorfo: Stagonospora η odorum); mancha da cevada (Cochliobolus sativum; COCHSA; anamorfo: Helminthosporium sativum); cercosporiose da folha da beterraba (Cercospora beticola; CERCBE); mancha da folha do amendoim (Mycosphaerella arachidis; MYCOAR; anamorfo: Cercospora arachidicola); antracnose do pepino (Glomerella lagenarium; anamorfo: Colletotrichum lagenarium; COLLLA) e doença de Sigatoka negra da bananeira (Mycosphaerella fijiensis; MYCOFI).
- 8. Uso de acordo com a reivindicação 5 em que a composição é aplicada a uma taxa de aplicação de entre 65 gramas por hectare (g/ha) até 2,300 g/ha, com base na quantidade total de componentos ativos na composição.
- 9. Uso de acordo com reivindicação 5 em que a azoxistrobina é aplicada a uma taxa entre 50 g/ha e 250 g/ha ou piraclostrobina é aplicada a uma taxa entre 50 g/ha e 250 g/ha e o composto de Fórmula I-V é aplicada a uma taxa entre 35 g/ha e 300 g/ha. REFERÊNCIAS CITADAS NA DESCRIÇÃO Esta lista de referências citadas pelo requerente é apenas para conveniência do leitor. A mesma não faz parte do documento da patente europeia. Ainda que tenha sido tomado o devido cuidado ao compilar as referências, podem não estar excluídos erros ou omissões e o IEP declina quaisquer responsabilidades a esse respeito. Documentos de patentes citadas na Descrição
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