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NO143707B - Smoeremiddelblanding. - Google Patents

Smoeremiddelblanding. Download PDF

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Publication number
NO143707B
NO143707B NO762814A NO762814A NO143707B NO 143707 B NO143707 B NO 143707B NO 762814 A NO762814 A NO 762814A NO 762814 A NO762814 A NO 762814A NO 143707 B NO143707 B NO 143707B
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NO
Norway
Prior art keywords
nickel
oils
ultraviolet
degradation
lubricant
Prior art date
Application number
NO762814A
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English (en)
Other versions
NO143707C (no
NO762814L (no
Inventor
Eldon Lester Armstrong
Samuel Joseph Leonardi
Original Assignee
Mobil Oil Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mobil Oil Corp filed Critical Mobil Oil Corp
Publication of NO762814L publication Critical patent/NO762814L/no
Publication of NO143707B publication Critical patent/NO143707B/no
Publication of NO143707C publication Critical patent/NO143707C/no

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    • C10M159/12Reaction products
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    • C10M2205/026Butene
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Description

Oppfinnelsen vedrører smøremiddel/blandinger og mer
spesielt smøremiddelblandinger som normalt er utsatt for nedbryt-
ning av ultrafiolett lys som f.eks. er tilstede i kilder for aktimisk stråling, så som sollys. Enda mer spesielt vedrører oppfinnelsen i ett av sine aspekter smøremiddelblandinger, f.eks.
oljer med smørende viskositet, hydrokrakkede smøreoljer, hydrau-
liske oljer, mineraloljer eller fraksjoner derav, oljer for biler, giroljer, transmisjonsvæsker, vokser, smørefett og andre former for smøremidler som normalt krever nærvær av stabiliseringsmidler mot nedbrytningseffektene i det ultrafiolette lys.
Generelt gir fremstilling av smøremiddelblandinger,
f.eks. smøreoljer produsert ved hydrokrakking, en relativt høy viskositetsindeks og tillater bruk av visse råmaterialer som ville være uegnet for andre prosesser. På den annen side har imidler-
tid hydrokrakkede smøreoljer tendens til dårlig stabilitet over-
for ultrafiolettlys-nedbrytning, ved at det hurtig dannes suspen-,
dert og/eller utfelt uløselig materiale ved eksponering for ultrafiolett lys, f.eks. sollys, eller andre kilder for aktinisk strål-
ing. Forbindelser som er istand til å absorbere ultrafiolett lys, f.eks. hydroksybenzofenoner, og hydroksyfenylbenzotriazoler, har budt på en viss forbedring i lysstabiliteten hos hydrokrakkede oljer. Konvensjonelle antioksydasjonsmidler har også gitt disse fordeler.
I litteraturen foreslo Heskins og Guillet i "Mechanism
of Ultraviolet Stabilization of Polymers", Macromolecules 1, 97
(1968) først energioverføringsmekanismen ved ultrafiolett beskyttelse. Kommersielt tilgjengelige ultrafiolettstabilisatorer er også oppregnet etter klasse og funksjon og identifisert med hensyn til struktur i Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia in "Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology"; 2. utgave, bind 21, sidene 115-122. Uri angir i
"Thermal and Photochemical Oxidation of Polymers and Its Prevention",
Chemistry and Industry, mars 1, 1976, sidene 199-203, konvensjonelle antioksydasjonseffekter (hydroperoksydspaltning og fri-radikal-oppfanging) av bis(stilbenditiolato)nikkel og dets ultrafiolett-inhiberende egenskaper. I britisk patentskrift 1.263.910 er det beskrevet bis(stilbenditiolato)nikkel som antioksydasjons-middel for plastmaterialer. Patentskriftet angir også overlegen hydroperoksydspalteevne hos dette additiv. US-patenskrift 3.832.304 beskriver anvendelse av aromatiske azoforbindelser for stabilisering av hydrokrakkede oljer. Ingen av de forannevnte publikasjoner viser smøremiddelblandinger som inneholder de organosvovelholdige nikkelkomplekser som her er beskrevet.
I overensstemmelse med oppfinnelsen er det funnet at stabilisering mot ultrafiolett lys som er tilstede i sollys eller andre kilder for aktinisk stråling, effektivt kan bibringes smøre-middelblandinger ved innarbeidelse i dem av organosvovelholdige nikkelkomplekser. Disse nikkelkomplekser er spesielt effektive mot ultrafiolett-hedbrytning i slike smøremedia som olje r med smørende viskositet, hydrokrakkede smøreoljer, hydrauliske oljer, mineraloljer eller fraksjoner derav, olje for biler, giroljer, transmisjonsvæsker, vokser, smørefett og andre former for smøre-middelblandinger som normalt krever nærvær av stabiliseringsmidler mot nedbrytningseffekten i ultrafiolett lys\
De organosvovelholdige nikkelkomplekser kan anvendes effektivt, i hvilken som helst mengde som er tilstrekkelig til å
gi smøremidlet den ønskede grad av beskyttelse mot ultrafiolett-nedbrytning. I henhold til oppfinnelsen anvendes, nikkelkomplekset i en mengde av fra 0,01 til 5%, i vekt, og fortrinnsvis i en mengde av fra 0,1 til 2 vekt%, regnet på den totale vekt av smøremiddelblandingen. Betegnelsen "nikkelkompleks" brukes her i den hensikt å inkludere nikkelforbindelser som har en chelat-ringdannelse. Som angitt ovenfor, kan de organosvovelholdige nikkelkomplekser innblandes i hvilke som helst smøremiddelmedia som kan inkludere oljer med smørende viskositet og også smørefett i hvilke som helst av de forannevnte oljer anvendes som bæreré. Generelt kan syntetiske oljer også beskyttes efffektivt mot ultrafiolett-nedbrytning eller kan også anvendes i kombinasjon med mineraloljer eller som smørefettbæremidler. Typiske syntetiske bæremidler in-kluderer polyisobutylen, polybutenér, hydrogenerte polydecener, polypropylenglykol, polyetylenglykol, trimetylolpropanestere, neopentyl- og pentaerytritolestere, di(2-etylheksyl)sebacat,
di (2-etylheksyl)adipat, dibutylftalat, fluorkarboner, silikat-estere, silaner, estere av fosforholdige syrer, flytende urin-stofforbindelser, ferrocenderivater, hydrogenerte mineraloljer, polyfenoler av kjedetype, siloksaner og silikoner (polysiloksaner), alkylsubstituerte difenyletere, f.eks. en butyl-substituert bis (p-fenoksyfenyl)eter, fenoksyfenyleter osv.
De svovelholdige nikkelkomplekser som anvendes i overensstemmelse med oppfinnelsen, er kommersielt tilgjengelige og er svovelholdige nikkelfenolfenolater som f.eks. er beskrevet i U.S. patentskrifter 2 971 940 og 2 971 941. De omfatter nikkelsalter av bisfenolsulfider i hvilke bare en del av det totale fenolhydrogen er erstattet med nikkel. De har struk-turformler som følger:
hvor R er H eller en alkylgruppe, gjerne med opp til 30 karbonatomer.
En blanding av disse to forbindelser (her betegnet som "blanding A"), hvor R er oktyl, er en god ultrafiolett-stabilisator.
Svovelholdige nikkelaminkomplekser er beskrevet i US-patentskrifter 3.215.717 og 3.313.770.
Representative for nikkelalkylaminene er [2,2'-tio-bis(4-tert-oktylfenolato)]-n-butylaminnikkel med strukturen
Representative for nikkeltiofosfatene er nikkel-di(4-metyl-2-pentyl)ditiofosfat med strukturen
Representative for nikkeIditiokarbamatene er nikkel-dibutylditiokarbamat med strukturen
I den hensikt å vurdere effektiviteten ved de organosvovelholdige nikkelkomplekser i henhold til oppfinnelsen mot ultrafiolett-nedbrytning i smørende media ble følgende test an-vendt : Denne test anvendte en basisolje, nemlig en hydrogen-avsluttet hydrokrakket 100" olje oppnådd ved avvoksing av 385°C bunnfraksjon fra et førstetrinnsprodukt i en brensel-hydrokrakker. Blandinger av additiver med den forannevnte hydrokrakkede basisolje ble testet ved at 20 gram av testoljen i en tilstoppet 112 grams flaske av høy form ble utsatt for dagslys i en vinduskarm med sydøstlig eksponering. Testoljen ble iakttatt hver dag med hensyn på suspenderte uløselige produkter, noe som vanligvis trer frem fra en tåke til en suspendert fnokking og felles ut, hvilket generelt innledes av tåkedannelser eller fnokker og ofte består av tåke eller fnokker som har satt seg. i følgende tabell I er det angitt resultater som er oppnådd ved anvendelse av 0,1 vekt% additiver i den forannevnte hydrokrakkede basisolje. Av tabellen vil man se at nikkelkompleksene i henhold til oppfinnelsen er meget mer markert effektive mot ultrafiolett-nedbrytning (eksemplene 2-6) enn de beste av de kommersielt tilgjengelige konvensjonelle anti-oksydas jonsmidler og ultrafiolett-absorbsjonsmidler (eksemplene 7-11) . I følgende tabell II er det angitt resultater som er oppnådd ved anvendelse av 0,5 vekt% additiver gir den ovenfor beskrevne hydrokrakkede basisolje fra tabell I. Her vil det også sees av tabellen at de organosvovelholdige nikkelkomplekser i smøremiddelblandingene. i henhold til oppfinnelsen, når de utsettes for den ovenfor beskrevne test, er meget mer markert effektive mot ultrafiolett-nedbrytning (eksemplene 2-4) enn de beste av de foran nevnte kommersielt tilgjengelige konvensjonelle antioksydasjonsmidler og ultrafiolett-absorbsjonsmidler (eksemplene 5-9).
Følgende tabell in viser effektiviteten ved et typisk representativt nikkelkompleks i henhold til oppfinnelsen kontra aikkel-bis(oktylfenol)sulfid i en hydrokrakket basisolje betegnet 200" (basisolje 1) og også i en annen basisolje (basisolje 2) kontra en tung vakuumgassolje. Som. vist .i tabellen, var nikkel(oktylfenol)sulfidet i henhold til oppfinnelsen markert effektivt for reduksjon av ultrafiolett-nedbrytningen av de res-pektive basisoljer.
Følgende tabell IV viser effektiviteten av typisk representative nikkelkomplekser i henhold til oppfinnelsen som antioksydasjonsmidler i smøremiddelblandinger. De representative additiver ble blandet individuelt i løsningsmiddelrafinert paraffinisk mineralolje betegnet. 150" og ble utsatt for en standardtest, kalt "Rotary Bomb Oxidation Test", i overensstemmelse med testmetode ASTM D-22 72.
Som det vil sees av tabellen, ble basisoljens oksyda-sjonslevetid markert øket av antioksydasjonsmiddeleffekten som ble tilveiebragt av nikkelkompleksene i henhold til oppfinnelsen.
Selv om oppfinnelsen er beskrevet under henvisning
til foretrukne blandinger og komponenter for slike, vil det for-stås av fagmannen på området at avvik fra de foretrukne utførelses-former kan gjøres på effektiv måte og er innen oppfinnelsens ramme.

Claims (2)

1. Smøremiddelblanding som er stabilisert mot nedbrytning av ultrafiolett lys, karakterisert ved at den som stabilisator inneholder en blanding av fra 0,01 til 5 vekt% av nikkel-tiobis(fenol-fenolater) med følgende formler: hvor R er hydrogen eller en alkylgruppe, passende med opp til 30 karbonatomer, idet R fortrinnsvis er oktyl.
2. Smøremiddelblanding som anqitt i krav 1, karakterisert ved at nikkelkomplekset er til stede i en mengde fra 0,1 til 2 vekt%.
NO762814A 1975-08-15 1976-08-13 Smoeremiddelblanding. NO143707C (no)

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