NL8702976A - FOOD FILLERS AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURE THEREOF. - Google Patents

Description

1--5 N.0.34.854 £ 1

Casings for filling with foodstuffs as well as a method of manufacturing them.

The invention relates to a casing consisting of a textile material and an acrylic resin coating present on the outside thereof for the casing of foodstuffs, in particular for the casing of sausages and the manufacture thereof.

For the direct wrapping of foodstuffs, such as that which takes place during the packaging of certain cheeses and in particular with sausage products, multilayer composite materials have increasingly been introduced. This is done, for example, by multi-layered composite materials made of plastics by coextusion or by subsequent coating. Sausage casings from cellulose hydrate based films are widely used.

By coating the cellulose hydrate films, their permeability to water vapor and gases can be affected and they can be made oil and fat proof. Polyvinylidene chloride has proved particularly suitable as a coating material for cellulose hydrate films, which are used in the food sector as packaging materials, for example, as sausage casings. The coverings can be hot-welded by installing additional comonomers.

(Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Technical Chemistry, 4th edition, volume 11, page 678 and volume 16, page 101). Sausage casings for making fresh sausage and bubble sausages from spunbond-processed synthetic fiber material stabilized by synthetic resins are known from DE-A-2,128,613. Textile casings for the direct wrapping of foodstuffs, which exhibit good tearing behavior, which are permeable to gas and water vapor, while at the same time being virtually liquid and fat-tight, and thus also for making fresh sausage, bubble sausages and cooked sausage are obtained according to DE-A-3,147,519 (according to US-A-4,525,418) from flat textile articles coated with certain acrylic resins. In the usual coating processes, as also described in DE-A-3,147,519 (according to US-A-4,525,418), the ironable mass is applied directly to the textile base (direct coating). Application can take place on one or both sides. To achieve a thicker coating, the application can also be carried out repeatedly.

A direct coating requires excellent strength of the textile substrate. This is generally the case with fabrics and well-reinforced nonwovens, not with networks and also with S9; i ”/ ui: / v 2? y light nonwovens.

There was therefore a problem of providing a textile material for foodstuff which is coated with the acrylic resins to be used in accordance with DE-A-3,147,529, whereby the production of the textile covering material, in particular with flat textile products of low strength and after which the coated textile material for casings up to the filling openings by welding or. can be closed by sticking.

It has been found that with loose flat textile articles, when coated with certain acrylic resins, as described for example in DE-A-3,147,519, according to the so-called reversal process, food products can be manufactured which meet the requirements of the technique, such as in particular artificial sausage casing requirement, are essentially satisfactory. As a textile basis for the casings resp. for the Tasbare acrylic resin-coated flat textile products, advantageous fabrics, wirelegs or light nonwovens are suitable. These may consist of natural fibers, modified natural fibers, entirely synthetic chemical fibers or their mixtures. Mentioned are fibers from cotton, linen, wool, regenerated cellulose, cellulose esters, polyesters, polyamides, polypropylene, polyacrylonitrile, among others. Fabrics can of course also be coated according to the reversal process and subsequently be used for packaging foodstuffs. However, in contrast to the coating according to the invention of loose textile materials, such as fabrics and nonwovens for the production of food casings, this is too expensive and disadvantageous compared to the direct coating processes which have hitherto been used here.

The invention relates to a casing for filling with foodstuffs from an acrylic resin-coated flat textile product, characterized in that, during its manufacture, the flat textile product in the preformed coating layer. layers are inlaid, after drying of this laminate, shapes are cut therefrom and then welded at the edges up to the filling openings. adhesives are closed.

The envelope according to the invention is preferably manufactured from flat textile articles of low strength, such as fabrics, wire wrappings or loose membranes. For the production of the acrylic resin coating, acrylate emulsion polymers as described in particular in DE-A-3,147,519 are used. The advantage of the sheaths according to the invention lies in particular in the fact that for the 8 7 l llv - V '3 coating, loose textile carriers can be used, which, compared to the textile fabrics hitherto used, have clear economic advantages in the manufacture of textile-based food envelopes.

In their usage properties, the new casings also meet the mechanical and processing properties set in practice. Thus, in addition to fresh sausages, sausages and boiled sausages, virtually all other types of sausages can also be prepared with this type of casing. in contrast to the behavior of natural casings, they have useful mechanical properties in their strength, such as tear strength. The gas and water vapor resistance of the new casings can be adjusted according to the application purpose by varying the composition of the acrylic resin coating within the limits defined in DE-A-3,147,519 and by the thickness of the coating.

The shape of the casing is then easily shaped by suitable cutting. The cut piece can easily be brought into the desired casing shape by thermal welding, i.e. by applying heat and pressure to the acrylic resin thermoplastic coating or by high frequency welding of the edges. For the welding of the edges, another adhesive is optionally also used, e.g. a hot melt adhesive, used simultaneously.

The acrylic resins to be used for the coating of the textile material according to the invention are copolymers of a lipophilic monomer component based on esters of acrylic and / or methacrylic acid with, for example, C 1 to C 5 alcohols and a hydrophilic monomer component. this neighbor a hydrophilic monomer with acidic properties, such as e.g. acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, crotonic acid, maleic acid, other hydrophilic monomers such as hydroxyalkyl esters of acrylic and / or methacrylic acid, e.g. 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate or 2-hydroxypropyl-30 methacrylate. The lipophilic monomer content in the polymers to be used for the acrylic resin coating is about 90 to 99 wt. Other monomers, for example styrene, α-methylstyrene, vinyl acetate, can also be used simultaneously in the preparation of the copolymer. In general, their content is then from 0.1 to 10% by weight of the lipophilic monomers. They are interested in the adjustment of, in particular, certain mechanical properties of the coating. The simultaneous use of cross-linked monomer components is also possible. However, for the intended tack treatment in the heat of the acrylic resin coated textile material, the acrylic resin coating must be sufficiently thermoplastic, i.e., capable of being applied! with acrylic resin dispersions. Both techniques are known, for example, in the manufacture of artificial leather. The so-called reversal process enables the use of tensile sensitive, very light textile carriers, as these do not have to be pulled through the coating installation, relative to the direct coverage of the textile (üllmann's Encyclopedia der Technischeen Chemie, part 15, pages 166 to 168). .

The food casings to be produced according to the new method, as they can be used advantageously in particular for different sausage products, are usually provided with more than one synthetic resin coating, in particular two acrylic resin coating layers. For this purpose the first coating (B) is applied to a suitable coating layer installation, as shown in drawing 1, on a follower (A), in particular a paper web, on which, after drying, a second coating layer (C) is advantageously applied , in which the textile web (D) is then glued in. After drying / of the laminate at drying temperatures of about 100 to 140 ° C

the follower (A) is separated. The coating (B) is normally the outer surface layer used when using acrylic resin-coated flat textile articles as a food wrap.

For the production of the coating (B), of the covering layer, for example on paper, of the later outer layer of the envelope, a slightly "harder" adjusted acrylic resin mass is expediently used. This can be done, for example, by mixing an acrylic resin emulsion with a relatively soft resin character, for example a copolymer of butyl acrylate-methyl methacrylate-hydroxyethyl acrylate-methacrylic acid with contents of methyl methacrylate less than 45% by weight, with a "harder" acrylic resin emulsion, with contents of methyl methacrylate than 60% by weight. Thus, useful coatings are obtained from blends of such emulsion polymers in amounts of 8: 2 to 6: 4, especially 7: 3, by weight of copolymer of relatively soft, hard resin character.

The coating mass for the layer C is again a relatively soft-set acrylic resin with contents of methyl methacrylate less than 45% by weight and which as hydrophilic components in particular acrylic acid or methacrylic acid in amounts of about 1% by weight and further, for example, hydroxyalkyl esters of acrylic acid resp. methacrylic acid in amounts of 0 to 10% by weight. Advantageously, in the coating according to the present invention, dispersions with a high solids content, i.e., 50% by weight and higher, are used, for example, the dispersions having at least / / t L. v l 1 4. This means that it can have little or no cross-linking. *

Useful acrylic resin copolymer compositions for coatings of flat textile articles for food casings are described, for example, in DE-A-3,147,519. These are also suitable for the food casings according to the invention, for which flat textile products are coated in the reversible process with Tasbaar-adjusted acrylic resins. The viscosity of the coating mixture is adjusted by adding a food-approved thickening agent, such as, for example, Natrosol® or Rohagit®, such that it ranges from 20,000 to 80,000 mPa.s.

The preparation of the acrylic resins suitable for the coating is known per se. For example, the preparation of the dispersions can be done in a known manner, for example, in accordance with the teachings or. based on DE-A-1,804,159, DE-A-1,910,488, DE-A-1,910,532, DE-A-2,228,515 and 15 DE-A-2,833,601.

The coated flat textile article can contain one or more acrylic resin layers. If several acrylic resin layers are involved in the construction of the casing material, the different resin layers can be distinguished both in their thickness and in their polymer structure.

The hardness of the coating can be predetermined by the ratio of the comonomers, especially the ratio of acrylic acid esters, more particularly of butyl acrylate, to methacrylic acid esters, such as methyl methacrylate, in the copolymer. However, it can also be achieved by using a mixture of a "soft" adjusted acrylic resin dispersion, ie a resin with a predominant content of acrylic acid esters, in particular of butyl acrylate and a "harder" acrylic resin dispersion, which for example a predominantly content of methyl methacrylate.

Optionally, by adding protein and / or cellulose products, such as, for example, collagen or cellulose hydrate, in amounts of 0.1 to 20% by weight, based on the dry weight of the coating mass of acrylic resin, various properties of the food casing, such as, for example, water vapor permeability or peelability of the sausage skin, are favorably influenced. These substances are mixed, for example, in the form of solutions with the acrylic resin dispersions before the coating is carried out. However, the acrylic resin character is characteristic of all coatings.

Food casings according to the invention are obtained by placing the textile carrier in a pre-manufactured, but not yet strengthened coating, and not by directly coating the tex-6 / v LV ƒ v ψ 6 4 th 55% by weight according to DE -A-1,910,488.

Depending on the nature of the textile inlay, as well as on the intended use of the produced casings, the amounts of coating may vary within certain limits. For example, for the coating of textile materials by the reversal process, for the manufacture of casings for cooked sausages and sausages per layer, about 30 g of polymer as dry matter per m2 to about 90 - 100 g of polymer as dry matter per m2, in particular 40 - 80 g polymer required as dry matter per m2.

The thickness of the acrylic resin coating is 40 - 100 µm, in particular 60 - 80 µm. In multilayer acrylic construction, the layer (C) with the textile inlay normally has a greater thickness than the previous layer (B) or also layers.

The water vapor permeability (determined according to DIN 53 122) of food casings manufactured according to the method according to the invention is considerably reduced compared to that produced by direct coating with the same amount of acrylic resin material. In the sheaths of the invention, it is at values of about 100 g / m2.d or less, while directly coated textile materials having comparable acrylic-20 resin amounts have water vapor permeabilities of more than 200 g / m2.d. Smaller water vapor permeabilities are advantageous for the storage of many foodstuffs. By simultaneously using protein and / or cellulose products, desired intermediate values can be set here in a simple manner.

Parts are cut from the coated flat textile webs according to known techniques for the desired shape of the food casing, such as for instance a sausage casing. punched out. In addition or subsequently, the coated textile can still be subjected to a partial formation, such as an imprinting of a pattern in the casing material.

The open sides of the mold are welded as far as possible after laying on top of one another, for example by applying temperature and pressure in accordance with procedures known for thermoplastic coatings. Thereby a closed casing connection is obtained. By applying a hot-melt adhesive, for example a polyamide adhesive, to the edge of the polyacrylate-coated textile to be closed, an additional welding and adhesive layer can be produced.

The "hydrophilic" monomers mentioned in the specification are such that the solubility in water at 20 ° C is more than 6% by weight. r '*, <*.

/ Μl fc- / t 7, while the monomers designated "hydrophobic" have a corresponding solubility of less than or equal to 6% by weight. "Harder" acrylic resins in the present invention are those polymers which are built up to a higher proportion of monomers which, as homopolymers, have glass transition temperatures Tg greater than 30 ° C, as compared to "softer" acrylic resins, which have a higher higher monomers have been built up, which as homopolymers have glass transition temperatures below 30 ° C (Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Technical Chemistry, 4th edition, 1987, volume 15, pages 215 to 222; 10 Polymer Handbook, J. Brandrup and EH Immergut; 2nd edition, 1975, III, 139 to 154).

Example I

On a reversible waterproof paper (Stripkote® CIS from the company Warren) 15, an ironing compound with the following composition is applied with a roller scraper: 800 parts by weight of a 50% dispersion of an emulsion polymer I 200 parts by weight of a 50% LS dispersion of an emulsion polymer II 20 7 parts by weight of hydroxyethyl cellulose (eg Natrosol 250 HfP of

Hercules Powder Comp.) 50 parts by weight of water

The emulsion polymer I is prepared according to DE-A-1,804,159 from the following monomer mixture: 55.5 wt. % butyl acrylate 39.0 wt% methyl methacrylate 5.0 wt% hydroxyethyl acrylate 0.5 wt% methacrylic acid 30

The emulsion polymer II is prepared according to DE-A-2,228,515 from the following monomer mixture: 65.0 wt.% Methyl methacrylate 34.0 wt.% Butyl acrylate 35 1.0 wt.% Methacrylic acid

A fixed polyamide fabric with a weight of 17 g per m2 is deposited under light pressure in the pasta layer, which is present in an application thickness of 0.12 mm, this assembly is dried with warm air at 40-100 ° C and then the reversing paper is separated - f / C 1.c 7 (- 8 den.

The resin coating is about 60 g of dry matter per m2. Water vapor permeability: 100 g / m2.d Welded under the conditions: 5 time: 1 s

pressure: about 400 kPa temperature: 180 - 200 ° C

With a welding machine from the company 0. Brugger, Erzgiessereistr. 30, Munich, sausage casings with a back-fill with roast sausage, cooking resistant welded together were obtained.

Example II

On reversing paper (fig. 1, A) as in example I, a coating of an ironing compound of the composition 15 700 parts by weight of a 50% dispersion of an emulsion polymer I

300 parts by weight of a 50% dispersion of an emulsion polymer II 80 parts by weight of a 30% dispersion of an emulsion polymer III, diluted with water in the weight ratio 1: 3 10 parts by weight of a 25% 1 ammonia solution 20 in an application thickness of 0.1 mm and dried with circulating air from 100 to 120 ° C. The obtained layer (Fig. 1, B) contains 50 g of dry matter per m2.

Emulsion polymers I and II are prepared as indicated in Example I and emulsion polymer III is the thickener Rohagit® SD15 (Rohm HmbH) on an ethyl acrylate / methacrylic acid basis.

As a coating layer (fig. 1, C) an coating mass of the following composition is applied in an application thickness of 0.15 mm and a dry matter content of 75 g per m 2: 1000 parts by weight of a 50% dispersion of an emulsion polymer I 80 parts by weight of a 30% dispersion of an emulsion polymer III diluted with water in the weight ratio 1: 3 10 parts by weight of a 25% ammonia solution.

35

In the layer C, a fleece (D) with a weight of 30 g per m2 of polyester / cellular wool (80/20), reinforced with emulsion polymer I, is inserted and the assembly is dried at 120 to 130 ° C.

The acrylic resin-textile composition, freed from carrier paper, thus has a water vapor permeability of 60 g / m2.d and leaves, as in previous laat W-»T-t-V

9% image I indicated, see a good 1 axis.

Example III

According to the procedure indicated in example II, a food casing according to the invention is produced with an elastic, non-fixed polyamide fabric, with a weight of 25 g per m2.

Λ - C * V v J sj

Claims (10)

1. Casing for filling with foodstuffs from an acrylic resin-coated flat textile product, characterized in that, during manufacture, the flat textile product is placed in the preformed acrylic resin coating layer, after drying of this laminate which are then cut at the edges, up to the filling openings, by welding or. paste to be closed. 2. Casing according to claim 1, characterized in that the flat textile products used are woven fabrics, wire wrappings or light nonwovens. 3. Casing according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that acrylate emulsion polymers with the compositions specified in DE-A-3,147,519 are used for the production of the coating layer of acrylic resin. Casing according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the coating of acrylic resin contains protein and / or cellulose products in amounts of 0 to 20% by weight, based on the dry weight of the coating mass of acrylate polymer. . Casing according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the acrylic resin coating has thermoplastic properties. 6. Method of manufacturing envelopes for filling with foodstuffs by coating a flat textile product with acrylic resins, characterized in that the flat textile product is placed in the preformed coating layer of acrylic resin, and shapes are cut therefrom after drying of this laminate , which are then closed by welding up to the filling openings. 7. A method of manufacturing an acrylic resin coated flat textile article for food casing manufacture, characterized in that the flat textile article is placed in a prefabricated acrylic resin coating and the assembly is then dried. 8. Process according to claims 6 and 7, characterized in that the acrylic resin coating is prepared with the acrylate emulsion polymers specified in DE-A-3,147,519. Process according to claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the acrylic resin coating layer with acrylic resin dispersions containing protein and / or cellulose products in amounts of 0 to 20% by weight, based on the dry weight of the acrylic polymer coating materials contain is prepared. f- 7 fe''r Method according to claims 6 to 9, characterized in that it is carried out with a coating of acrylic resin having a thermoplastic properties. ********** C if V. t- C t V