KR20160059948A - 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질, 그리고 이를 포함하는 양극 활물질층 및 리튬 이차 전지 - Google Patents
리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질, 그리고 이를 포함하는 양극 활물질층 및 리튬 이차 전지 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR20160059948A KR20160059948A KR1020150140979A KR20150140979A KR20160059948A KR 20160059948 A KR20160059948 A KR 20160059948A KR 1020150140979 A KR1020150140979 A KR 1020150140979A KR 20150140979 A KR20150140979 A KR 20150140979A KR 20160059948 A KR20160059948 A KR 20160059948A
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- active material
- lithium
- metal
- sulfide
- nickel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 title description 27
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 229910052976 metal sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000006182 cathode active material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000007771 core particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- RSNHXDVSISOZOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium nickel Chemical compound [Li].[Ni] RSNHXDVSISOZOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- URIIGZKXFBNRAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxonickel Chemical compound [Li].[Ni]=O URIIGZKXFBNRAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- ITRNXVSDJBHYNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten disulfide Chemical compound S=[W]=S ITRNXVSDJBHYNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- RCYJPSGNXVLIBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenetitanium Chemical compound [S].[Ti] RCYJPSGNXVLIBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052789 astatine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellanylidenegermanium Chemical compound [Te]=[Ge] JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 13
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 12
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000002149 energy-dispersive X-ray emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 10
- -1 Lithium transition metal Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000975 co-precipitation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002612 dispersion medium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 6
- RRIWRJBSCGCBID-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel sulfate hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RRIWRJBSCGCBID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 229940116202 nickel sulfate hexahydrate Drugs 0.000 description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000113 differential scanning calorimetry Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910013716 LiNi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- JFDZBHWFFUWGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzonitrile Chemical compound N#CC1=CC=CC=C1 JFDZBHWFFUWGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010668 complexation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M (3-methylphenyl)methyl-triphenylphosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC1=CC=CC(C[P+](C=2C=CC=CC=2)(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- XDJQVCIRFIRWKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N C=C.C(=C)(F)F Chemical group C=C.C(=C)(F)F XDJQVCIRFIRWKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PHXQIAWFIIMOKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N NClO Chemical compound NClO PHXQIAWFIIMOKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000080590 Niso Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- JXKOVUGCUMBODC-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(2+) sulfate pentahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.[Co+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O JXKOVUGCUMBODC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- BGORGFZEVHFAQU-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(2+);sulfate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Co+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BGORGFZEVHFAQU-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001938 differential scanning calorimetry curve Methods 0.000 description 2
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910021450 lithium metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl formate Chemical compound COC=O TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920005672 polyolefin resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002210 silicon-based material Substances 0.000 description 2
- JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bromide Chemical compound [Na+].[Br-] JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011366 tin-based material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-butylene carbonate Chemical compound CCC1COC(=O)O1 ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VDFVNEFVBPFDSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxane Chemical compound C1COCOC1 VDFVNEFVBPFDSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxol-2-one Chemical compound O=C1OC=CO1 VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxolane Chemical compound C1COCO1 WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYOKPDLAMOMTEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-chloro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound ClC1COC(=O)O1 OYOKPDLAMOMTEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910015015 LiAsF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013063 LiBF 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013684 LiClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UUIQMZJEGPQKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl butyrate Chemical group CCCC(=O)OC UUIQMZJEGPQKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021543 Nickel dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000459 Nitrile rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910008389 Si—Al—Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JLDSOYXADOWAKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium nitrate Chemical compound [Al+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O JLDSOYXADOWAKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006183 anode active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005678 chain carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940044175 cobalt sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000361 cobalt sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KTVIXTQDYHMGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(2+) sulfate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O KTVIXTQDYHMGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- DFDRPQAPVMEQBR-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(2+) sulfate tetrahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.[Co++].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DFDRPQAPVMEQBR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005676 cyclic carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOC SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001038 ethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000840 ethylene tetrafluoroethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001973 fluoroelastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001410 inorganic ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000008040 ionic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003273 ketjen black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IRDCEJVOXCGYAV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;2-dodecylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Li+].CCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1S([O-])(=O)=O IRDCEJVOXCGYAV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ACFSQHQYDZIPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethylsulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F ACFSQHQYDZIPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NTWKDFWKALPPII-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;octadecane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Li+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCS([O-])(=O)=O NTWKDFWKALPPII-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- JFNAJRJKQQEFNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;octane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Li+].CCCCCCCCS([O-])(=O)=O JFNAJRJKQQEFNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- MRHPUNCYMXRSMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel(2+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[O--].[Ni++] MRHPUNCYMXRSMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001707 polybutylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZNNZYHKDIALBAK-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium thiocyanate Chemical compound [K+].[S-]C#N ZNNZYHKDIALBAK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000009700 powder processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FVAUCKIRQBBSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium iodide Chemical compound [Na+].[I-] FVAUCKIRQBBSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000008053 sultones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VOVUARRWDCVURC-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiirane Chemical compound C1CS1 VOVUARRWDCVURC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000101 thioether group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CFJRPNFOLVDFMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium disulfide Chemical compound S=[Ti]=S CFJRPNFOLVDFMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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Abstract
Description
도 2는 일 구현예에 따른 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질의 구성을 나타내는 개략도이다.
도 3은 일 구현예에 따른 양극 활물질의 일부를 구성하는 금속황화물의 구조를 나타내는 개략도이다.
도 4는 실시예 2 및 비교예 1의 시차주사 열량계(DSC) 그래프이다.
도 5는 실시예 1에 따른 양극 활물질의 주사전자현미경(SEM) 사진이다.
도 6은 실시예 1에 따른 양극 활물질에서의 Ni 원자에 대한 에너지 분산형 X선 분석(EDS) 사진이다.
도 7은 실시예 1에 따른 양극 활물질에서의 S 원자에 대한 에너지 분산형 X선 분석(EDS) 사진이다.
도 8은 실시예 1에 따른 양극 활물질에서의 Mo 원자에 대한 에너지 분산형 X선 분석(EDS) 사진이다.
시험 사이클 | 충전 레이트 | 방전 레이트 | 컷오프 전압(V) |
1 | 0.1C CC-CV | 0.1C CC | 4.3 - 3.0 |
2 (초기 용량으로 정의) | 0.2C CC-CV | 0.2C CC | 4.3 - 3.0 |
3 | 0.2C CC-CV (충전으로 종료) |
- | 4.3 - 3.0 |
첨가 재료 | 복합화 방법 | 첨가량 (중량%) |
초기방전용량 (mAh/g) |
총 발열량 (J/g) |
최대발열 피크높이 (비교예1에 대한 비율) |
|
비교예 1 | 없음 | - | 0 | 200 | 2000 | 100 |
비교예 2 | MoS2 | 스프레이 코팅 | 0.5 | 199 | 1950 | 90 |
실시예 1 | MoS2 | 스프레이 코팅 | 1 | 198 | 1830 | 70 |
실시예 2 | MoS2 | 스프레이 코팅 | 2 | 196 | 1800 | 50 |
실시예 3 | MoS2 | 스프레이 코팅 | 5 | 190 | 1780 | 40 |
비교예 3 | MoS2 | 스프레이 코팅 | 10 | 160 | 1500 | 35 |
실시예 4 | MoS2 | 기계적 교반 | 2 | 195 | 1830 | 50 |
실시예 5 | WS2 | 스프레이 코팅 | 2 | 199 | 1850 | 75 |
비교예 4 | 흑연 | 스프레이 코팅 | 2 | 199 | 2100 | 110 |
비교예 5 | MoS2 | 단순 혼합 | 2 | 165 | 1800 | 60 |
20 양극
21 집전체
22 양극 활물질층
22a 양극 활물질
22b 코어 입자
22c 코팅층
30 음극
31 집전체
32 음극 활물질층
40 세퍼레이터층
Claims (8)
- 코어 입자; 및
상기 코어 입자를 둘러싸는 코팅층을 포함하고,
상기 코어 입자는 니켈 함유 금속과 리튬을 포함하는 리튬 니켈계 산화물 입자를 포함하고,
상기 리튬 니켈계 산화물 입자는 상기 니켈 함유 금속의 총 원자량에 대하여 니켈을 80 원자% 이상 포함하며,
상기 코팅층은 상기 코어 입자의 표면에 복합화된 금속황화물을 포함하고,
상기 금속황화물은 층 구조를 가지는 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질. - 제1항에서,
상기 코어 입자는 하기 화학식 1로 표시되는 리튬 니켈계 산화물 입자를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질.
[화학식 1]
LiaNixCoyMzO2
(상기 화학식 1에서,
M은 알루미늄(Al), 망간(Mn), 크롬(Cr), 철(Fe), 바나듐(V), 마그네슘(Mg), 티타늄(Ti), 지르코늄(Zr), 니오브(Nb), 몰리브덴(Mo), 텅스텐(W), 구리(Cu), 아연(Zn), 갈륨(Ga), 인듐(In), 주석(Sn), 란탄(La) 및 세륨(Ce) 중에서 선택되는 적어도 하나의 금속이고,
0.2≤a≤1.2, 0.8≤x<1, 0<y≤0.2, 0≤z≤0.1, x+y+z=1 이다.) - 제1항에서,
상기 금속황화물은 단위구조체가 적층된 구조를 가지며,
상기 단위구조체는 복수 개의 황원자층, 그리고 상기 황원자층의 사이에 위치하는 금속원자층을 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질. - 제1항에서,
상기 금속황화물은 황화 몰리브덴, 황화 텅스텐 및 황화 티타늄 중에서 선택되는 적어도 하나를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질. - 제1항에서,
상기 금속황화물은 결정질인 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질. - 제1항에서,
상기 금속황화물은 상기 코어 입자 100 중량%에 대하여 1 중량% 내지 5 중량%로 포함되는 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질. - 제1항 내지 제6항 중 어느 한 항의 양극 활물질을 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지용 양극 활물질층.
- 제7항의 양극 활물질층을 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지.
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WO2019039893A1 (ko) * | 2017-08-24 | 2019-02-28 | 한양대학교 산학협력단 | 양극활물질, 그 제조 방법, 및 이를 포함하는 리튬이차전지 |
KR20190080710A (ko) * | 2017-12-28 | 2019-07-08 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 양극 활물질의 제조 방법, 이 방법으로 제조된 양극 활물질, 이를 포함하는 비수 전해질 이차 전지용 양극 및 비수 전해질 이차 전지 |
KR20210039518A (ko) * | 2019-10-01 | 2021-04-12 | 울산대학교 산학협력단 | 금속 황화물로 표면 개질된 양극활물질 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 전고체 전지 |
US11031594B2 (en) | 2017-11-16 | 2021-06-08 | Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. | Positive electrode for rechargeable lithium battery, rechargeable lithium battery including same and battery module |
CN113562782A (zh) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-10-29 | 浙江帕瓦新能源股份有限公司 | 一种钨、镧双掺杂共包覆的三元正极前驱体及其制备方法 |
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JP2003173775A (ja) * | 2001-12-05 | 2003-06-20 | Japan Storage Battery Co Ltd | 非水電解質二次電池 |
JP2014216266A (ja) * | 2013-04-26 | 2014-11-17 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 放電制御システムおよび放電制御方法 |
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WO2019039893A1 (ko) * | 2017-08-24 | 2019-02-28 | 한양대학교 산학협력단 | 양극활물질, 그 제조 방법, 및 이를 포함하는 리튬이차전지 |
KR20190022396A (ko) * | 2017-08-24 | 2019-03-06 | 한양대학교 산학협력단 | 양극활물질, 그 제조 방법, 및 이를 포함하는 리튬이차전지 |
US11031594B2 (en) | 2017-11-16 | 2021-06-08 | Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. | Positive electrode for rechargeable lithium battery, rechargeable lithium battery including same and battery module |
KR20190080710A (ko) * | 2017-12-28 | 2019-07-08 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 양극 활물질의 제조 방법, 이 방법으로 제조된 양극 활물질, 이를 포함하는 비수 전해질 이차 전지용 양극 및 비수 전해질 이차 전지 |
KR20210039518A (ko) * | 2019-10-01 | 2021-04-12 | 울산대학교 산학협력단 | 금속 황화물로 표면 개질된 양극활물질 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 전고체 전지 |
CN113562782A (zh) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-10-29 | 浙江帕瓦新能源股份有限公司 | 一种钨、镧双掺杂共包覆的三元正极前驱体及其制备方法 |
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